diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 54b38159..e3ebacb9 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 Version 86:
 
 * Boost prep
+* Remove use of lexical_cast
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/example/websocket-server-async/websocket_server_async.cpp b/example/websocket-server-async/websocket_server_async.cpp
index 00ffc491..3aa15a88 100644
--- a/example/websocket-server-async/websocket_server_async.cpp
+++ b/example/websocket-server-async/websocket_server_async.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 #include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <boost/optional.hpp>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cstdlib>
diff --git a/extras/boost/beast/unit_test/reporter.hpp b/extras/boost/beast/unit_test/reporter.hpp
index fef7d878..888895d6 100644
--- a/extras/boost/beast/unit_test/reporter.hpp
+++ b/extras/boost/beast/unit_test/reporter.hpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/amount.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/recorder.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <boost/optional.hpp>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>
@@ -218,8 +217,7 @@ reporter<_>::fmtdur(typename clock_type::duration const& d)
     using namespace std::chrono;
     auto const ms = duration_cast<milliseconds>(d);
     if(ms < seconds{1})
-        return boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(
-            ms.count()) + "ms";
+        return std::to_string(ms.count()) + "ms";
     std::stringstream ss;
     ss << std::fixed << std::setprecision(1) <<
        (ms.count()/1000.) << "s";
diff --git a/extras/boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp b/extras/boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp
index e9b353dc..65ce12bd 100644
--- a/extras/boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp
+++ b/extras/boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/runner.hpp>
 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <boost/throw_exception.hpp>
 #include <ostream>
 #include <sstream>
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ make_reason(String const& reason,
     namespace fs = boost::filesystem;
     s.append(fs::path{file}.filename().string());
     s.append("(");
-    s.append(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(line));
+    s.append(std::to_string(line));
     s.append(")");
     return s;
 }
diff --git a/test/benchmarks/parser.cpp b/test/benchmarks/parser.cpp
index 1071c129..2e28edb6 100644
--- a/test/benchmarks/parser.cpp
+++ b/test/benchmarks/parser.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 #include <boost/beast/core/flat_buffer.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/core/multi_buffer.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
@@ -42,8 +41,14 @@ public:
     std::string
     to_string(ConstBufferSequence const& bs)
     {
-        return boost::lexical_cast<
-            std::string>(buffers(bs));
+        using boost::asio::buffer_cast;
+        using boost::asio::buffer_size;
+        std::string s;
+        s.reserve(buffer_size(bs));
+        for(boost::asio::const_buffer b : bs)
+            s.append(buffer_cast<char const*>(b),
+                buffer_size(b));
+        return s;
     }
 
     corpus
diff --git a/test/core/buffers_adapter.cpp b/test/core/buffers_adapter.cpp
index 3df7794b..fb94b952 100644
--- a/test/core/buffers_adapter.cpp
+++ b/test/core/buffers_adapter.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/buffer.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio/streambuf.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <iterator>
 
 namespace boost {
@@ -30,8 +29,14 @@ public:
     std::string
     to_string(ConstBufferSequence const& bs)
     {
-        return boost::lexical_cast<
-            std::string>(buffers(bs));
+        using boost::asio::buffer_cast;
+        using boost::asio::buffer_size;
+        std::string s;
+        s.reserve(buffer_size(bs));
+        for(boost::asio::const_buffer b : bs)
+            s.append(buffer_cast<char const*>(b),
+                buffer_size(b));
+        return s;
     }
 
     void testBuffersAdapter()
diff --git a/test/core/flat_buffer.cpp b/test/core/flat_buffer.cpp
index 572e0b4a..df88842f 100644
--- a/test/core/flat_buffer.cpp
+++ b/test/core/flat_buffer.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include <boost/beast/core/string.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/test/test_allocator.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <algorithm>
 
 namespace boost {
diff --git a/test/core/ostream.cpp b/test/core/ostream.cpp
index 67be0992..7a0c4782 100644
--- a/test/core/ostream.cpp
+++ b/test/core/ostream.cpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 
 #include <boost/beast/core/multi_buffer.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <ostream>
 
 namespace boost {
@@ -21,6 +20,21 @@ namespace beast {
 class ostream_test : public beast::unit_test::suite
 {
 public:
+    template<class ConstBufferSequence>
+    static
+    std::string
+    to_string(ConstBufferSequence const& bs)
+    {
+        using boost::asio::buffer_cast;
+        using boost::asio::buffer_size;
+        std::string s;
+        s.reserve(buffer_size(bs));
+        for(boost::asio::const_buffer b : bs)
+            s.append(buffer_cast<char const*>(b),
+                buffer_size(b));
+        return s;
+    }
+
     void
     run() override
     {
@@ -29,8 +43,7 @@ public:
             auto os = ostream(b);
             os << "Hello, world!\n";
             os.flush();
-            BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(
-                buffers(b.data())) == "Hello, world!\n");
+            BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(to_string(b.data()) == "Hello, world!\n");
             auto os2 = std::move(os);
         }
         {
@@ -45,8 +58,7 @@ public:
                 "0123456789abcdef" "0123456789abcdef" "0123456789abcdef" "0123456789abcdef";
             multi_buffer b;
             ostream(b) << s;
-            BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(
-                buffers(b.data())) == s);
+            BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(to_string(b.data()) == s);
         }
     }
 };
diff --git a/test/http/doc_examples.cpp b/test/http/doc_examples.cpp
index 1b6222cc..407629b6 100644
--- a/test/http/doc_examples.cpp
+++ b/test/http/doc_examples.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <array>
 #include <limits>
 #include <list>
+#include <sstream>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace boost {
@@ -43,6 +44,31 @@ public:
     {
     }
 
+    template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields>
+    static
+    std::string
+    to_string(message<isRequest, Body, Fields> const& m)
+    {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << m;
+        return ss.str();
+    }
+
+    template<class ConstBufferSequence>
+    static
+    std::string
+    to_string(ConstBufferSequence const& bs)
+    {
+        using boost::asio::buffer_cast;
+        using boost::asio::buffer_size;
+        std::string s;
+        s.reserve(buffer_size(bs));
+        for(boost::asio::const_buffer b : bs)
+            s.append(buffer_cast<char const*>(b),
+                buffer_size(b));
+        return s;
+    }
+
     template<bool isRequest>
     bool
     equal_body(string_view sv, string_view body)
@@ -157,8 +183,7 @@ public:
         response<string_body> res;
         read_istream(is, buffer, res, ec);
         BOOST_BEAST_EXPECTS(! ec, ec.message());
-        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(boost::lexical_cast<
-            std::string>(res) == s);
+        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(to_string(res) == s);
     }
 
     void
@@ -173,8 +198,7 @@ public:
         error_code ec;
         write_ostream(os, req, ec);
         BOOST_BEAST_EXPECTS(! ec, ec.message());
-        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(boost::lexical_cast<
-            std::string>(req) == os.str());
+        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(to_string(req) == os.str());
     }
 
     void
@@ -343,8 +367,7 @@ public:
                 std::allocator<double>{}
                     ), ec);
         BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(
-            boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(
-                buffers(p.server.buffer.data())) ==
+            to_string(p.server.buffer.data()) ==
             "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"
             "Server: test\r\n"
             "Accept: Expires, Content-MD5\r\n"
diff --git a/test/http/dynamic_body.cpp b/test/http/dynamic_body.cpp
index 4c5b1137..fe0918ad 100644
--- a/test/http/dynamic_body.cpp
+++ b/test/http/dynamic_body.cpp
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 #include <boost/beast/http/write.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/test/string_istream.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 
 namespace boost {
 namespace beast {
@@ -28,6 +27,31 @@ class dynamic_body_test : public beast::unit_test::suite
     boost::asio::io_service ios_;
 
 public:
+    template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields>
+    static
+    std::string
+    to_string(message<isRequest, Body, Fields> const& m)
+    {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << m;
+        return ss.str();
+    }
+
+    template<class ConstBufferSequence>
+    static
+    std::string
+    to_string(ConstBufferSequence const& bs)
+    {
+        using boost::asio::buffer_cast;
+        using boost::asio::buffer_size;
+        std::string s;
+        s.reserve(buffer_size(bs));
+        for(boost::asio::const_buffer b : bs)
+            s.append(buffer_cast<char const*>(b),
+                buffer_size(b));
+        return s;
+    }
+
     void
     run() override
     {
@@ -42,9 +66,8 @@ public:
         multi_buffer b;
         read(ss, b, p);
         auto const& m = p.get();
-        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(
-            buffers(m.body.data())) == "xyz");
-        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(m) == s);
+        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(to_string(m.body.data()) == "xyz");
+        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(to_string(m) == s);
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/test/http/fields.cpp b/test/http/fields.cpp
index 99fbd957..b69955d3 100644
--- a/test/http/fields.cpp
+++ b/test/http/fields.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include <boost/beast/http/type_traits.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/test/test_allocator.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/suite.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace boost {
 namespace beast {
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public:
     fill(std::size_t n, basic_fields<Allocator>& f)
     {
         for(std::size_t i = 1; i<= n; ++i)
-            f.insert(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(i), i);
+            f.insert(std::to_string(i), i);
     }
 
     template<class U, class V>
diff --git a/test/http/write.cpp b/test/http/write.cpp
index 0250dd37..af940515 100644
--- a/test/http/write.cpp
+++ b/test/http/write.cpp
@@ -258,6 +258,31 @@ public:
         };
     };
 
+    template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields>
+    static
+    std::string
+    to_string(message<isRequest, Body, Fields> const& m)
+    {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << m;
+        return ss.str();
+    }
+
+    template<class ConstBufferSequence>
+    static
+    std::string
+    to_string(ConstBufferSequence const& bs)
+    {
+        using boost::asio::buffer_cast;
+        using boost::asio::buffer_size;
+        std::string s;
+        s.reserve(buffer_size(bs));
+        for(boost::asio::const_buffer b : bs)
+            s.append(buffer_cast<char const*>(b),
+                buffer_size(b));
+        return s;
+    }
+
     template<bool isRequest>
     bool
     equal_body(string_view sv, string_view body)
@@ -574,7 +599,7 @@ public:
         m.version = 11;
         m.set(field::user_agent, "test");
         m.body = "*";
-        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(m) ==
+        BOOST_BEAST_EXPECT(to_string(m) ==
             "GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\n\r\n*");
     }
 
diff --git a/test/websocket/stream.cpp b/test/websocket/stream.cpp
index 2ab8c9ef..6f04028f 100644
--- a/test/websocket/stream.cpp
+++ b/test/websocket/stream.cpp
@@ -46,10 +46,17 @@ public:
     std::string
     to_string(ConstBufferSequence const& bs)
     {
-        return boost::lexical_cast<
-            std::string>(buffers(bs));
+        using boost::asio::buffer_cast;
+        using boost::asio::buffer_size;
+        std::string s;
+        s.reserve(buffer_size(bs));
+        for(boost::asio::const_buffer b : bs)
+            s.append(buffer_cast<char const*>(b),
+                buffer_size(b));
+        return s;
     }
 
+
     struct con
     {
         stream<socket_type> ws;
diff --git a/test/websocket/websocket_async_echo_server.hpp b/test/websocket/websocket_async_echo_server.hpp
index 9c04fa5f..8ee7bd8c 100644
--- a/test/websocket/websocket_async_echo_server.hpp
+++ b/test/websocket/websocket_async_echo_server.hpp
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 #include <boost/beast/core/multi_buffer.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/websocket/stream.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <boost/optional.hpp>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <functional>
@@ -374,8 +373,8 @@ private:
             if(d.server.log_)
                 if(ec != boost::beast::websocket::error::closed)
                     d.server.fail("[#" + std::to_string(d.id) +
-                        " " + boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(d.ep) +
-                            "] " + what, ec);
+                        " " + d.ep.address().to_string() + ":" +
+                            std::to_string(d.ep.port()) + "] " + what, ec);
         }
     };
 
diff --git a/test/websocket/websocket_sync_echo_server.hpp b/test/websocket/websocket_sync_echo_server.hpp
index d2432381..9e7cd0ff 100644
--- a/test/websocket/websocket_sync_echo_server.hpp
+++ b/test/websocket/websocket_sync_echo_server.hpp
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 
 #include <boost/beast/core/multi_buffer.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <boost/optional.hpp>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <functional>
@@ -216,8 +215,8 @@ private:
         if(log_)
             if(ec != boost::beast::websocket::error::closed)
                 fail("[#" + std::to_string(id) + " " +
-                    boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(ep) +
-                        "] " + what, ec);
+                    ep.address().to_string() + ":" +
+                        std::to_string(ep.port()) + "] " + what, ec);
     }
 
     void
diff --git a/test/wstest/main.cpp b/test/wstest/main.cpp
index 0230e263..79e73e5d 100644
--- a/test/wstest/main.cpp
+++ b/test/wstest/main.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 #include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
 #include <boost/beast/unit_test/dstream.hpp>
 #include <boost/asio.hpp>
-#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
 #include <atomic>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cstdlib>
@@ -148,7 +147,7 @@ private:
         if(ec)
             return fail("on_connect", ec);
         ws_.async_handshake(
-            boost::lexical_cast<std::string>(ep_),
+            ep_.address().to_string() + ":" + std::to_string(ep_.port()),
             "/",
             alloc_.wrap(std::bind(
                 &connection::on_handshake,