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namespace
boost
{
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E const & (:link
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+
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+
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1
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@@ -5957,25 +5966,25 @@
2
- mod="/":)( E const & x,
(:link http://www.boost.org/libs/tuple/doc/tuple_users_guide.html|tuple:)<
(:link
+ mod="m":)() const;
(:link
1
0
- -10
+ -55
2
- :)<Tag1,T1>,
...,
(:link
+ mod="m":) & (:link
1
0
- -10
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2
- :)<TagN,TN> > const & v );@]
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-
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+ 0
@@ -6050,7 +6030,7 @@
3
2
- [@template <class T>
---unspecified--- (:link
+ [@template <class E>
E *
1
0
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2
- :)( T const & e );@]
+ ();@]
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class (:link
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-
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+ 0
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- 0
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+ [@#ifdef BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS
void (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :)( std::exception const & e ); // user defined
#else
template <class E>
void (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :)( E const & e );
#endif@]
@@ -6178,18 +6147,9 @@
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+ 1
2
- [@typedef T (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -17
-
-
- 2
- mod="m":);@]
+ [@template <class ErrorInfo,class E>
typename ErrorInfo::(:link error_info::value_type mod="m":) const * (:link get_error_info:)( E const & x );
template <class ErrorInfo,class E>
typename ErrorInfo::(:link error_info::value_type mod="m":) * (:link get_error_info:)( E & x );@]
@@ -6222,18 +6182,49 @@
- 0
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0
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+ ( boost::
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E const & (:link
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+ 0
+
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+
+
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+ mod="/":)( E const & x,
(:link http://www.boost.org/libs/tuple/doc/tuple_users_guide.html|tuple:)<
(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
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+ :)<Tag1,T1>,
...,
(:link
+ 1
+
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+
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+
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@@ -6266,7 +6326,27 @@
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(:link
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+
+
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+ :) (:link
+ 1
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+
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+
+
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+ :)( T const & e );@]
@@ -6299,7 +6379,18 @@
- 0
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class (:link
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0
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5
2
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(:link
+ [@(:link
1
0
@@ -6570,16 +6599,16 @@
2
- :):
public std::exception
public boost::
+ mod="m":)( (:link
1
0
- -62
+ -55
2
-
{
---unspecified---
};@]
+ mod="m":) const & v );@]
@@ -6590,7 +6619,27 @@
- 0
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E const & (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
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+
+
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+ mod="/":)( E const & x, (:link
+ 1
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@@ -6612,7 +6661,27 @@
- 0
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(:link
+ 1
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+
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+
+
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+ :):
public std::exception
public boost::
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+
{
---unspecified---
};@]
@@ -6634,36 +6703,7 @@
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std::string (:link
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std::string (:link
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3
2
- [@std::string (:link
+ [@typedef ---unspecified--- (:link
1
0
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2
- :)();@]
+ :);@]
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-
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- ;@]
+ 0
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- 0
+ 3
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+
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+
+
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@@ -6749,7 +6780,18 @@
- 0
+ 3
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+
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- 0
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+ 0
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+
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+ 1
+
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- 0
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2
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std::string (:link
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2
- mod="m":)() const;
(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -17
-
-
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- mod="m":) & (:link
+ :)( E const & e );
std::string (:link
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0
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2
- mod="m":)();@]
+ :)( (:link
+ 1
+
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-
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2
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void (:link
+ [@template <class T>
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1
0
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2
- :)( std::exception const & e ); // user defined
#else
template <class E>
void (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :)( E const & e );
#endif@]
+ :)( T const & x );@]
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typename ErrorInfo::(:link error_info::value_type mod="m":) const * (:link get_error_info:)( E const & x );
template <class ErrorInfo,class E>
typename ErrorInfo::(:link error_info::value_type mod="m":) * (:link get_error_info:)( E & x );@]
-
-
-
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- 0
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3
2
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E *
+ [@(:link
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2
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0
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:)(x)
#endif@]
+
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-
-
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+ 0
+
+
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+
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5
2
- [@template <class E, class Tag, class T>
E const & (:link
+ [@void (:link
1
0
@@ -7251,16 +7251,16 @@
2
- mod="/":)( E const & x, (:link
+ :)( (:link
1
0
- -10
+ -53
2
- :)<Tag,T> const & v );@]
+ :) const & ep );
@@ -7287,25 +7287,25 @@
5
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
E must be boost::(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Description:
Returns a (const) reference to the copy of the value passed to (:link
1
0
- -62
+ -28
2
- :), or a type that derives (indirectly) from boost::(:link
+ :)'s constructor stored in the (:link
1
0
- -62
+ -28
2
- :).
!!!!Effects:
Equivalent to x << v.(:link http://www.boost.org/libs/tuple/doc/tuple_users_guide.html#accessing_elements|get:)<0>() << ... << v.(:link http://www.boost.org/libs/tuple/doc/tuple_users_guide.html#accessing_elements|get:)<N>().
!!!!Returns:
x.
(:include throws:)
+ :) object.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
@@ -7316,36 +7316,81 @@
- 7
+ 17
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include decl:)
!!!!Effects:
* Default constructor: initializes an empty boost::(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
The following example demonstrates how errno can be stored in exception objects using Boost Exception:
[@#include <(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -12
2
- :) object.
* Copy constructor: initializes a boost::(:link
+ :)>
#include <iostream>
typedef boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -28
2
- :) object which shares ownership with x of all data added through (:link
+ :)<struct tag_my_info,int> my_info; //(1)
struct my_error: virtual boost::(:link
1
0
- -80
+ -56
2
- mod="/":), including data that is added at a future time.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
+ :), virtual std::exception { }; //(2)
void
f()
{
throw my_error() << my_info(42); //(3)
}@]
First, we instantiate the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) template using a unique identifier -- tag_my_info, and the type of the info it identifies -- int. This provides compile-time type safety for the various values stored in exception objects.
Second, we define class my_error, which derives from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
Finally, (3) illustrates how the typedef from (1) can be used with (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |operator<<:) to store values in exception objects at the point of the throw.
The stored my_info value can be recovered at a later time like this:
[@// ...continued
void
g()
{
try
{
f();
}
catch(
my_error & x )
{
if( int const * mi=boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<my_info>(x) )
std::cerr << "My info: " << *mi;
}
}@]
The (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :) function template is instantiated with the typedef from (1), and is passed an exception object of a polymorphic type. If the exception object contains the requested value, err will point to it; otherwise a null pointer is returned.
@@ -7355,187 +7400,52 @@
-7
+
+ 7
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) instance for transporting the name of a relevant API function (which does not use exceptions to report errors) in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
!!!Example:
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -40
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -8
+
+
1
2
(:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
-
-
- 0
-
- -8
-
-
-
- 37
- 2
- (:auto !!!:)
When you catch an exception, you can call (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :) to get an (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) object:
[@#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -60
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
void do_work(); //throws cloning-enabled boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :)s
void
worker_thread( boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) & error )
{
try
{
do_work();
error = boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :)();
}
catch(
... )
{
error = boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :)();
}
}@]
In the above example, note that (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :) captures the original type of the exception object. The exception can be thrown again using the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -15
-
-
- 2
- :) function:
[@// ...continued
void
work()
{
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) error;
boost::(:link http://www.boost.org/doc/html/boost/thread.html|thread:) t( boost::(:link http://www.boost.org/libs/bind/bind.html|bind:)(worker_thread,boost::(:link http://www.boost.org/doc/html/ref.html|ref:)(error)) );
t.(:link http://www.boost.org/doc/html/boost/thread.html|join:)();
if( error )
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -15
-
-
- 2
- :)(error);
}@]
Note that (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :) could fail to copy the original exception object in the following cases:
* if there is not enough memory, in which case the returned (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) points to an instance of std::bad_alloc, or
* if (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -9
-
-
- 2
- :) was not used in the throw-expression passed to the original throw statement and the current implementation does not have the necessary compiler-specific support to copy the exception automatically, in which case the returned (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) points to an instance of (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -46
-
-
- 2
- :).
Regardless, the use of (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :) and (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -15
-
-
- 2
- :) in the above examples is well-formed.
-
-
0
@@ -7544,99 +7454,9 @@
- 21
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
* T must be a class with an accessible no-throw copy constructor.
* If T has any virtual base types, those types must have an accessible default constructor.
!!!!Returns:
An object of ''unspecified'' type which derives publicly from T. That is, the returned object can be intercepted by a catch(T &).
!!!!Description:
This function is designed to be used directly in a throw-expression to enable the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) support in Boost Exception. For example:
[@class
my_exception:
public std::exception
{
};
....
throw boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -9
-
-
- 2
- :)(my_exception());@]
Unless (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -9
-
-
- 2
- :) is called at the time an exception object is used in a throw-expression, an attempt to copy it using (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :) may return an (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) which refers to an instance of (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -46
-
-
- 2
- :). See (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :) for details.
!!!!Note:
Instead of using the throw keyword directly, it is preferable to call boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :). This is guaranteed to throw an exception that derives from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) and supports the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) functionality.
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
This function must not be called outside of a catch block.
!!!!Returns:
A pointer of type E to the current exception object, or null if the current exception object can not be converted to E *.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
@@ -7647,189 +7467,9 @@
- 41
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
T must have accessible copy constructor and must not be a reference (there is no requirement that T's copy constructor does not throw.)
!!!!Description:
This class template is used to associate a Tag type with a value type T. Objects of type (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<Tag,T> can be passed to (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- mod="/":) to be stored in objects of type boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :).
!!!!Usage:
The header <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -44
-
-
- 2
- :)> provides a declaration of the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) template, which is sufficient for the purpose of typedefing an instance for specific Tag and T, for example:
[@#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -44
-
-
- 2
- :)>
struct tag_errno;
typedef boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<tag_errno,int> errno_info;@]
Or, the shorter equivalent:
[@#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -44
-
-
- 2
- :)>
typedef boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<struct tag_errno,int> errno_info;@]
This errno_info typedef can be passed to (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- mod="/":) (#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -29
-
-
- 2
- :)> first) to store an int named tag_errno in exceptions of types that derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :):
[@throw file_read_error() (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) errno_info(errno);@]
It can also be passed to (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :) (#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -56
-
-
- 2
- :)> first) to retrieve the tag_errno int from a boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :):
[@catch( boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) & x )
{
if( int const * e=boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :)<errno_info>(x) )
....
}@]
For convenience and uniformity, Boost Exception defines the following commonly used (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) typedefs, ready for use with (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- mod="/":):
(:pagelist tags="error_info_instance":)
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -7842,7 +7482,7 @@
1
2
- (:auto !:)
This is an alphabetical list of all Boost Exception documentation pages.
(:pagelist fmt="index" except_tags="index noindex" mod="w":)
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -7853,36 +7493,9 @@
- 7
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) instance for transporting the string passed as a second argument to fopen in exceptions indicating fopen failures and deriving from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :).
!!!Example:
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -55
-
-
- 2
- :)
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -7895,7 +7508,7 @@
1
2
- (:auto !!:)
(:pagelist fmt="index" tags="type":)
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -7918,369 +7531,6 @@
-15
-
- 1
- 2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Precondition:
ep shall not be null.
!!!!Throws:
The exception to which ep refers.
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -16
-
-
-
- 69
- 2
- !!Introduction
The purpose of Boost Exception is to ease the design of exception class hierarchies and to help write exception handling and error reporting code.
It supports transporting of arbitrary data to the catch site, which is otherwise tricky due to the no-throw requirements (15.5.1) for exception types. Data can be added to any exception object, either directly in the throw-expression (15.1), or at a later time as the exception object propagates up the call stack.
The ability to add data to exception objects after they have been passed to throw is important, because often some of the information needed to handle an exception is unavailable in the context where the failure is detected.
Boost Exception also supports (:link http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2179.html|N2179:)-style (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -70
-
-
- 2
- |copying:) of exception objects, implemented non-intrusively and automatically by the boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :) function.
!!Contents
#(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -20
-
-
- 2
- :)
#Tutorial
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -65
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -22
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -70
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -21
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -24
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -42
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
#Documentation
##Class (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :)
##Throwing Exceptions
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -75
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :)
##Transporting of Arbitrary Data to the Catch Site
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -5
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -67
-
-
- 2
- :)
##(:link http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2179.html|N2179:) Transporting of Exceptions between Threads
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -9
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -35
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -15
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -46
-
-
- 2
- :)
##Diagnostic Information
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :)
###(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -53
-
-
- 2
- :)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -73
-
-
- 2
- :)
#API
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -59
-
-
- 2
- :)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -78
-
-
- 2
- :)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -13
-
-
- 2
- :)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -52
-
-
- 2
- :)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -68
-
-
- 2
- :)
##(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -45
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
#(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -23
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
#(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -11
-
-
- 2
- mod="w":)
!!!Acknowledgements
Thanks to Peter Dimov for his continuing help. Also thanks to Tobias Schwinger, Tom Brinkman, Pavel Vozenilek and everyone who participated in the review process.
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -17
-
-
-
- 5
- 2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Definition:
The expression
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- <Tag,T>::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -17
-
-
- 2
- mod="m":) evaluates to T.
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -18
-
-
7
2
@@ -8289,16 +7539,16 @@
0
- -10
+ -28
2
- :) instance for transporting the name of a relevant API function (which does not use exceptions to report errors) in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
+ :) instance for transporting a relevant text file line number, for example in parse error exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
@@ -8307,13 +7557,196 @@
0
- -55
+ -40
2
:)
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+
+ 17
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
E must derive publicly from std::exception.
!!!!Effects:
* If BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(e) is equivalent to throw boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -63
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(e)), unless BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE is defined, in which case boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(e) is equivalent to throw e;
* If BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS is defined, the function is left undefined, and the user is expected to supply an appropriate definition. Callers of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :) are allowed to assume that the function never returns; therefore, if the user-defined (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :) returns, the behavior is undefined.
!!!!Note:
Under BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS, unless BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE is also defined, users can examine the passed exception object using boost::
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ , or format an automatic diagnostic message using boost::
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ .
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+
+ 13
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
* ErrorInfo must be an instance of the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) template.
* E must be polymorphic.
!!!!Returns:
* If dynamic_cast<boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) const *>(&x) is 0, or if x does not store an object of type ErrorInfo, the returned value is null.
* Otherwise, the returned pointer points to the stored value (use (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="/":) to store values in exception objects.) When x is destroyed, any pointers returned by (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :) become invalid.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
!!!!Note:
The interface of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :) may be affected by the build (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -31
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -18
+
+
+
+ 5
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
Exception types should use virtual inheritance when deriving from other exception types. This insight is due to Andrew Koenig. Using virtual inheritance prevents ambiguity problems in the exception handler:
[@#include <iostream>
struct my_exc1 : std::exception { char const* what() const throw(); };
struct my_exc2 : std::exception { char const* what() const throw(); };
struct your_exc3 : my_exc1, my_exc2 {};
int
main()
{
try { throw your_exc3(); }
catch(std::exception const& e) {}
catch(...) { std::cout << "whoops!" << std::endl; }
}@]
The program above outputs "whoops!" because the conversion to std::exception is ambiguous.
The overhead introduced by virtual inheritance is always negligible in the context of exception handling. Note that virtual bases are initialized directly by the constructor of the most-derived-type (the type passed to the throw statement, in case of exceptions.) However, typically this detail is of no concern when boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) is used, because it enables exception types to be trivial structs with no members (there's nothing to initialize.) See (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -48
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":).
+
+
0
@@ -8321,6 +7754,207 @@
-19
+
+ 11
+ 2
+ (:auto !!:)
Boost Exception supports transporting of exception objects between threads through cloning. This system is similar to (:link http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2179.html|N2179:), but because Boost Exception can not rely on language support, the use of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :) at the time of the throw is required in order to use cloning.
!!!!Note:
All exceptions emitted by the familiar function boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :) are guaranteed to derive from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) and to support cloning.
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -35
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -37
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+
+ 21
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
* T must be a class with an accessible no-throw copy constructor.
* If T has any virtual base types, those types must have an accessible default constructor.
!!!!Returns:
An object of ''unspecified'' type which derives publicly from T. That is, the returned object can be intercepted by a catch(T &).
!!!!Description:
This function is designed to be used directly in a throw-expression to enable the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) support in Boost Exception. For example:
[@class
my_exception:
public std::exception
{
};
....
throw boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(my_exception());@]
Unless (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :) is called at the time an exception object is used in a throw-expression, an attempt to copy it using (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :) may return an (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) which refers to an instance of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -49
+
+
+ 2
+ :). See (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :) for details.
!!!!Note:
Instead of using the throw keyword directly, it is preferable to call boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :). This is guaranteed to throw an exception that derives from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) and supports the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) functionality.
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -21
+
+
+
+ 7
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
The
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -21
+
+
+ 2
+ function is intended to be called from a user-defined std::exception::what() override. This allows diagnostic information to be returned as the what() string.
!!!!Returns:
A pointer to a zero-terminated buffer that contains a string similar to the std::string returned by the
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ function, or null to indicate a failure.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
!!!!Note:
The returned pointer becomes invalid if any
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ is modified or added to the exception object, or if another diagnostic information function is called.
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -22
+
+
1
2
@@ -8331,157 +7965,40 @@
0
- -20
+ -23
- 33
+ 7
2
- (:auto !!!:)
Traditionally, when using exceptions to report failures, the throw site:
*creates an exception object of the appropriate type, and
*stuffs it with data relevant to the detected error.
A higher context in the program contains a catch statement which:
*selects failures based on exception types, and
*inspects exception objects for data required to deal with the problem.
The main issue with this "traditional" approach is that often, the data available at the point of the throw is insufficient for the catch site to handle the failure.
Here is an example of a catch statement:
[@catch( file_read_error & e )
{
std::cerr << e.file_name();
}@]
And here is a possible matching throw:
[@void
read_file( FILE * f )
{
....
size_t nr=fread(buf,1,count,f);
if( ferror(f) )
throw file_read_error(???);
....
}@]
Clearly, the problem is that the handler requires a file name but the read_file function does not have a file name to put in the exception object; all it has is a FILE pointer!
In an attempt to deal with this problem, we could modify read_file to accept a file name:
[@void
read_file( FILE * f, char const * name )
{
....
size_t nr=fread(buf,1,count,f);
if( ferror(f) )
throw file_read_error(name);
....
}@]
This is not a real solution: it simply shifts the burden of supplying a file name to the immediate caller of the read_file function.
->''In general, the data required to handle a given library-emitted exception depends on the program that links to it. Many contexts between the throw and the catch may have relevant information which must be transported to the exception handler.''
!!!Exception wrapping
The idea of exception wrapping is to catch an exception from a lower level function (such as the read_file function above), and throw a new exception object that contains the original exception (and also carries a file name.) This method seems to be particularly popular with C++ programmers with Java background.
Exception wrapping leads to the following problems:
*To wrap an exception object it must be copied, which may result in slicing.
*Wrapping is practically impossible to use in generic contexts.
The second point is actually special case of violating the exception neutrality principle. Most contexts in a program can not handle exceptions; such contexts should not interfere with the process of exception handling.
!!!The boost::exception solution
*Simply derive your exception types from boost::(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include decl:)
!!!!Effects:
* Default constructor: initializes an empty boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :).
*Confidently limit the throw site to provide only data that is available naturally.
*Use exception-neutral contexts between the throw and the catch to augment exceptions with more relevant data as they bubble up.
For example, in the throw statement below we only add the errno code, since this is the only failure-relevant information available in this context:
[@struct exception_base: virtual std::exception, virtual boost::(:link
+ :) object.
* Copy constructor: initializes a boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :) { };
struct io_error: virtual exception_base { };
struct file_read_error: virtual io_error { };
typedef boost::(:link
+ :) object which shares ownership with x of all data added through (:link
1
0
- -10
+ -47
2
- :)<struct tag_errno_code,int> errno_code;
void
read_file( FILE * f )
{
....
size_t nr=fread(buf,1,count,f);
if( ferror(f) )
throw file_read_error() (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) errno_code(errno);
....
}@]
In a higher exception-neutral context, we add the file name to ''any'' exception that derives from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :):
[@typedef boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<struct tag_file_name,std::string> file_name;
....
try
{
if( FILE * fp=fopen("foo.txt","rt") )
{
shared_ptr<FILE> f(fp,fclose);
....
read_file(fp); //throws types deriving from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :)
do_something();
....
}
else
throw file_open_error() (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) errno_code(errno);
}
catch( boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) & e )
{
e (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) file_name("foo.txt");
throw;
}@]
Finally here is how the handler retrieves data from exceptions that derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :):
[@catch( io_error & e )
{
std::cerr << "I/O Error!\n";
if( std::string const * fn=(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :)<file_name>(e) )
std::cerr << "File name: " << *fn << "\n";
if( int const * c=(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :)<errno_code>(e) )
std::cerr << "OS says: " << strerror(*c) << "\n";
}@]
In addition, boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :) can be used to compose an automatic (if not user-friendly) message that contains all of the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) objects added to a boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :). This is useful for inclusion in logs and other diagnostic objects.
+ mod="/":), including data that is added at a future time.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
@@ -8494,519 +8011,25 @@
5
2
- (:auto !!!:)
Exception types should use virtual inheritance when deriving from other exception types. This insight is due to Andrew Koenig. Using virtual inheritance prevents ambiguity problems in the exception handler:
[@#include <iostream>
struct my_exc1 : std::exception { char const* what() const throw(); };
struct my_exc2 : std::exception { char const* what() const throw(); };
struct your_exc3 : my_exc1, my_exc2 {};
int
main()
{
try { throw your_exc3(); }
catch(std::exception const& e) {}
catch(...) { std::cout << "whoops!" << std::endl; }
}@]
The program above outputs "whoops!" because the conversion to std::exception is ambiguous.
The overhead introduced by virtual inheritance is always negligible in the context of exception handling. Note that virtual bases are initialized directly by the constructor of the most-derived-type (the type passed to the throw statement, in case of exceptions.) However, typically this detail is of no concern when boost::(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
E must be boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :) is used, because it enables exception types to be trivial structs with no members (there's nothing to initialize.) See (:link
+ :), or a type that derives (indirectly) from boost::(:link
1
0
- -21
+ -56
2
- mod="w":).
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -22
-
-
-
- 27
- 2
- (:auto !!:)
Some exception hierarchies can not be modified to make boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) a base type. In this case, the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -67
-
-
- 2
- :) function template can be used to make exception objects derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) anyway. Here is an example:
[@#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -28
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <stdexcept>
typedef boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<struct tag_std_range_min,size_t> std_range_min;
typedef boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<struct tag_std_range_max,size_t> std_range_max;
typedef boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<struct tag_std_range_index,size_t> std_range_index;
template <class T>
class
my_container
{
public:
size_t size() const;
T const &
operator[]( size_t i ) const
{
if( i > size() )
throw boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -67
-
-
- 2
- :)(std::range_error("Index out of range")) <<
std_range_min(0) <<
std_range_max(size()) <<
std_range_index(i);
//....
}
};
@]
The call to (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -67
-
-
- 2
- :)<T> gets us an object of ''unspecified type'' which is guaranteed to derive from both boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) and T. This makes it possible to use (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- mod="/":) to store additional information in the exception object. The exception can be intercepted as T &, so existing exception handling will not break. It can also be intercepted as boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) &, so that (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -65
-
-
- 2
- |more information can be added to the exception at a later time:).
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -23
-
-
-
- 79
- 2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Why doesn't boost::exception derive from std::exception?
Despite that (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -24
-
-
- 2
- |virtual inheritance should be used in deriving from base exception types:), many programmers fail to follow this principle when deriving from std::exception. If boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) derives from std::exception, using the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -67
-
-
- 2
- :) function with such user-defined types would introduce dangerous ambiguity which would break all catch(std::exception &) statements.
Of course, boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) should not be used to replace std::exception as a base type in exception type hierarchies. Instead, it should be included as a virtual base, in addition to std::exception (which should also be derived virtually.)
!!!Why is boost::exception abstract?
To prevent exception-neutral contexts from erroneously erasing the type of the original exception when adding (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) to an active exception object:
[@catch( boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) & e )
{
e (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) foo_info(foo);
throw e; //Compile error: boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) is abstract
}@]
The correct code is:
[@catch( boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) & e )
{
e (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) foo_info(foo);
throw; //Okay, re-throwing the original exception object.
}@]
!!!What is the space overhead of the boost::exception base class?
The space overhead for the boost::exception data members is negligible in the context of exception handling. Throwing objects that derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) does not by itself cause dynamic memory allocations.
Deriving from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) enables any data to be added to exceptions, which usually does allocate memory. However, this memory is reclaimed when the exception has been handled, and since typically user code does not allocate memory during the unrolling of the stack, adding error info to exceptions should not cause memory fragmentation.
!!!Should I use boost::throw_exception or BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION or just throw?
The benefit of calling boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :) instead of using throw directly is that it ensures that the emitted exception derives from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) and that it is compatible with boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- :).
The (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -75
-
-
- 2
- :) macro also results in a call to boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :), but in addition it records in the exception object the __FILE__ and __LINE__ of the throw, as well as the pretty name of the function that throws. This has virtually no overhead, yet enables boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :) to compose a more useful, if not user-friendly message.
Typical use of boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :) is:
[@catch( boost::exception & e )
{
std::cerr << "OMG!" << boost::diagnostic_information(e);
}
catch( ... )
{
std::cerr << "OMG!!!";
}@]
This is a possible message it may display, the first line is only possible if (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -75
-
-
- 2
- :) is used:
[@example_io.cpp(70): Throw in function class boost::shared_ptr<struct _iobuf> __cdecl my_fopen(const char *,const char *)
Dynamic exception type: class boost::exception_detail::clone_impl<class fopen_error>
std::exception::what: example_io error
[struct boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -18
-
-
- 2
- :)_ *] = fopen
[struct boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -37
-
-
- 2
- :)_ *] = 2, "No such file or directory"
[struct boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -64
-
-
- 2
- :)_ *] = tmp1.txt
[struct boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -12
-
-
- 2
- :)_ *] = rb@]
!!!Why is boost::exception integrated in boost::throw_exception?
The boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :) function predates the Boost Exception library and there has been some concern about its current behavior of injecting boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) as a base of any exception passed to boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :). Such concerns are dictated by the typical strict interpretation of a common principle in C and C++, that users only pay for features they actually use.
The problem is that users of Boost Exception can't by themselves cause a library to throw types that derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :), and without this they can't use any of the Boost Exception facilities.
For example, if a user wants to use Boost Serialization in a separate thread, it is desirable to be able to transport exceptions emitted by that library into the main thread where they can be analyzed to generate a user-friendly message. This can be easily achieved using boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :), but this requires that Boost Serialization throws exceptions using boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -9
-
-
- 2
- :). If Boost Serialization calls boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :) to throw, this behavior happens automatically and transparently.
The cost of this integration is:
* In terms of space: a pointer and 3 ints are added to the static size of exception objects.
* In terms of speed: the pointer is initialized to null at the point of the throw.
* In terms of coupling: about 400 self-contained lines of C++ with no external includes.
!!!Why use operator<< overload for adding info to exceptions?
Before throwing an object of type that derives from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :), it is often desirable to add one or more (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) objects in it. The syntactic sugar provided by (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- :) allows this to be done directly in a throw expression:
[@throw error() (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) foo_info(foo) (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) bar_info(bar);@]
which saves typing compared to this possible alternative:
[@error e;
e.add(foo_info(foo));
e.add(bar_info(bar));
throw e;@]
and looks better than something like:
[@throw error().add(foo_info(foo)).add(bar_info(bar));@]
!!!Why is operator<< allowed to throw?
This question is referring to the following issue. Consider this throw statement example:
[@throw file_open_error() (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |<<:) file_name(fn);@]
The intention here is to throw a file_open_error, however if (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- mod="/":) fails to copy the std::string contained in the file_name (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) wrapper, a std::bad_alloc could propagate instead. This behavior seems undesirable to some programmers.
Bjarne Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language, 3rd Edition, page 371:
->''"Throwing an exception requires an object to throw. A C++ implementation is required to have enough spare memory to be able to throw bad_alloc in case of memory exhaustion. However, it is possible that throwing some other exception will cause memory exhaustion."''
So, an attempt to throw any exception may already result in propagating std::bad_alloc instead.
+ :).
!!!!Effects:
Equivalent to x << v.(:link http://www.boost.org/libs/tuple/doc/tuple_users_guide.html#accessing_elements|get:)<0>() << ... << v.(:link http://www.boost.org/libs/tuple/doc/tuple_users_guide.html#accessing_elements|get:)<N>().
!!!!Returns:
x.
(:include throws:)
@@ -9016,6 +8039,37 @@
-25
+
+ 5
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Effects:
As if
[@try
{
throw
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ (e);
}
catch(...)
{
return (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :)();
}@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -26
+
+
19
2
@@ -9024,7 +8078,7 @@
0
- -43
+ -8
2
@@ -9042,7 +8096,7 @@
0
- -76
+ -32
2
@@ -9051,7 +8105,7 @@
0
- -14
+ -64
2
@@ -9060,7 +8114,7 @@
0
- -18
+ -7
2
@@ -9069,7 +8123,7 @@
0
- -37
+ -76
2
@@ -9078,7 +8132,7 @@
0
- -62
+ -56
2
@@ -9087,7 +8141,7 @@
0
- -64
+ -79
2
@@ -9096,26 +8150,13 @@
0
- -72
+ -17
2
:).
-
-
- 0
-
- -26
-
-
-
- 1
- 2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
-
-
0
@@ -9124,81 +8165,18 @@
- 17
+ 3
2
- (:auto !!!:)
The following example demonstrates how errno can be stored in exception objects using Boost Exception:
[@#include <(:link
+ (:auto !!:)
This header has been deprecated.
Please #include <
1
0
- -28
+ -12
2
- :)>
#include <iostream>
typedef boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<struct tag_my_info,int> my_info; //(1)
struct my_error: virtual boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :), virtual std::exception { }; //(2)
void
f()
{
throw my_error() << my_info(42); //(3)
}@]
First, we instantiate the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) template using a unique identifier -- tag_my_info, and the type of the info it identifies -- int. This provides compile-time type safety for the various values stored in exception objects.
Second, we define class my_error, which derives from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :).
Finally, (3) illustrates how the typedef from (1) can be used with (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- |operator<<:) to store values in exception objects at the point of the throw.
The stored my_info value can be recovered at a later time like this:
[@// ...continued
void
g()
{
try
{
f();
}
catch(
my_error & x )
{
if( int const * mi=boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :)<my_info>(x) )
std::cerr << "My info: " << *mi;
}
}@]
The (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :) function template is instantiated with the typedef from (1), and is passed an exception object of a polymorphic type. If the exception object contains the requested value, err will point to it; otherwise a null pointer is returned.
+ > instead.
@@ -9209,9 +8187,189 @@
- 1
+ 41
2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
T must have accessible copy constructor and must not be a reference (there is no requirement that T's copy constructor does not throw.)
!!!!Description:
This class template is used to associate a Tag type with a value type T. Objects of type (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<Tag,T> can be passed to (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="/":) to be stored in objects of type boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
!!!!Usage:
The header <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -43
+
+
+ 2
+ :)> provides a declaration of the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) template, which is sufficient for the purpose of typedefing an instance for specific Tag and T, for example:
[@#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -43
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
struct tag_errno;
typedef boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<tag_errno,int> errno_info;@]
Or, the shorter equivalent:
[@#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -43
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
typedef boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<struct tag_errno,int> errno_info;@]
This errno_info typedef can be passed to (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="/":) (#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -34
+
+
+ 2
+ :)> first) to store an int named tag_errno in exceptions of types that derive from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :):
[@throw file_read_error() (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) errno_info(errno);@]
It can also be passed to (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :) (#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -13
+
+
+ 2
+ :)> first) to retrieve the tag_errno int from a boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :):
[@catch( boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) & x )
{
if( int const * e=boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<errno_info>(x) )
....
}@]
For convenience and uniformity, Boost Exception defines the following commonly used (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) typedefs, ready for use with (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="/":):
(:pagelist tags="error_info_instance":)
@@ -9222,49 +8380,27 @@
- 1
+ 5
2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -21
-
-
-
- 7
- 2
- (:auto !!!:)
Deriving from boost::(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard
1
0
- -62
+ -28
2
- :) effectively decouples the semantics of a failure from the information that is relevant to each individual instance of reporting a failure with a given semantic.
In other words: with boost::(:link
+ instance for transporting strings returned by std::type_info::name in exceptions deriving from boost::
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :), what data a given exception object transports depends primarily on the context in which failures are reported (not on its type.) Since exception types need no members, it becomes very natural to throw exceptions that derive from more than one type to indicate multiple appropriate semantics:
[@struct exception_base: virtual std::exception, virtual boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) { };
struct io_error: virtual exception_base { };
struct file_error: virtual io_error { };
struct read_error: virtual io_error { };
struct file_read_error: virtual file_error, virtual read_error { };@]
Using this approach, exception types become a simple tagging system for categorizing errors and selecting failures in exception handlers.
+ objects.
@@ -9288,27 +8424,90 @@
- 5
+ 19
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard
+ (:auto !!:)
Boost Exception responds to the following configuration macros:
'''BOOST_NO_RTTI'''\\
'''BOOST_NO_TYPEID'''
The first macro prevents Boost Exception from using dynamic_cast and dynamic typeid. If the second macro is also defined, Boost Exception does not use static typeid either. There are no observable degrading effects on the library functionality, except for the following:
->By default, the (:link
1
0
- -10
+ -17
2
- instance for transporting strings returned by std::type_info::name in exceptions deriving from boost::
+ :) function template can be called with any exception type. If BOOST_NO_RTTI is defined, (:link
1
0
- -62
+ -17
2
- objects.
+ :) can be used only with objects of type boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
!!!!Note:
The library needs RTTI functionality. Disabling the language RTTI support enables an internal RTTI system, which may have more or less overhead depending on the platform.
'''BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE'''
By default, (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :) and (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -63
+
+
+ 2
+ :) are integrated directly in the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :) function. Defining BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE disables this integration.
Note that on some non-conformant compilers, for example MSVC 7.0 and older, as well as BCC, BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE is implicitly defined in (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -52
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
'''BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS'''
This macro disables exception handling in Boost, forwarding all exceptions to a user-defined non-template version of boost::
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ . However, unless BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE is also defined, users can still examine the exception object for any data added at the point of the throw, or use boost::
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ (of course under BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS, the user-defined boost::throw_exception is not allowed to return to the caller.)
@@ -9319,18 +8518,9 @@
- 3
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include decl:)
!!!!Effects:
Frees all resources associated with a boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) object.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -9348,29 +8538,29 @@
0
- -10
+ -28
2
- :) instance for transporting a relevant FILE pointer managed by a boost::shared_ptr<FILE> in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
+ :) instance for transporting (in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :).
!!!Example:
(:include
+ :)) an
1
0
- -55
+ -53
2
- :)
+ to an exception nested into another exception.
@@ -9394,27 +8584,72 @@
- 5
+ 15
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Effects:
As if
[@try
{
throw
+ (:auto !!!:)
Here is how cloning can be enabled in a throw-expression (15.1):
[@#include <(:link
1
0
- -9
+ -34
2
- (e);
}
catch(...)
{
return (:link
+ :)>
#include <(:link
1
0
- -71
+ -64
2
- :)();
}@]
+ :)>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
struct file_read_error: virtual boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) { };
void
file_read( FILE * f, void * buffer, size_t size )
{
if( size!=fread(buffer,1,size,f) )
throw boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(file_read_error()) <<
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -76
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(errno);
}@]
Of course, (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :) may be used with any exception type; there is no requirement that it should derive from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
@@ -9425,36 +8660,9 @@
- 7
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
The
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -36
-
-
- 2
- function is intended to be called from a user-defined std::exception::what() override. This allows diagnostic information to be returned as the what() string.
!!!!Returns:
A pointer to a zero-terminated buffer that contains a string similar to the std::string returned by the
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- function, or null to indicate a failure.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
!!!!Note:
The returned pointer becomes invalid if any
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- is modified or added to the exception object, or if another diagnostic information function is called.
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -9465,36 +8673,171 @@
- 7
+ 37
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
When you catch an exception, you can call (:link
1
0
- -10
+ -70
2
- :) instance for transporting a relevant errno value in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
+ :) to get an (:link
1
0
- -62
+ -53
2
- :).
!!!Example:
(:include
+ :) object:
[@#include <(:link
1
0
- -55
+ -57
2
- :)
+ :)>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
void do_work(); //throws cloning-enabled boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :)s
void
worker_thread( boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) & error )
{
try
{
do_work();
error = boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :)();
}
catch(
... )
{
error = boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :)();
}
}@]
In the above example, note that (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :) captures the original type of the exception object. The exception can be thrown again using the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -80
+
+
+ 2
+ :) function:
[@// ...continued
void
work()
{
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) error;
boost::(:link http://www.boost.org/doc/html/boost/thread.html|thread:) t( boost::(:link http://www.boost.org/libs/bind/bind.html|bind:)(worker_thread,boost::(:link http://www.boost.org/doc/html/ref.html|ref:)(error)) );
t.(:link http://www.boost.org/doc/html/boost/thread.html|join:)();
if( error )
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -80
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(error);
}@]
Note that (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :) could fail to copy the original exception object in the following cases:
* if there is not enough memory, in which case the returned (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) points to an instance of std::bad_alloc, or
* if (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :) was not used in the throw-expression passed to the original throw statement and the current implementation does not have the necessary compiler-specific support to copy the exception automatically, in which case the returned (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) points to an instance of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -49
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
Regardless, the use of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :) and (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -80
+
+
+ 2
+ :) in the above examples is well-formed.
@@ -9507,7 +8850,7 @@
1
2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
+ (:auto !:)
This is an alphabetical list of all Boost Exception documentation pages.
(:pagelist fmt="index" except_tags="index noindex" mod="w":)
@@ -9518,63 +8861,40 @@
- 19
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
Sometimes the throw site does not have all the information that is needed at the catch site to make sense of what went wrong. Let's say we have an exception type file_read_error, which takes a file name in its constructor. Consider the following function:
[@void
file_read( FILE * f, void * buffer, size_t size )
{
if( size!=fread(buffer,1,size,f) )
throw file_read_error(????);
}@]
How can the file_read function pass a file name to the exception type constructor? All it has is a FILE handle.
Using boost::(:link
+ (:auto !!:)
(:pagelist tags="macro":)
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -40
+
+
+
+ 37
+ 2
+ [@#include <(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -32
2
- :) allows us to free the file_read function from the burden of storing the file name in exceptions it throws:
[@`#include <(:link
+ :)>
#include <(:link
1
0
- -28
+ -41
2
- :)>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
struct file_read_error: virtual boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) { };
void
file_read( FILE * f, void * buffer, size_t size )
{
if( size!=fread(buffer,1,size,f) )
throw file_read_error() << boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -37
-
-
- 2
- :)(errno);
}@]
If file_read detects a failure, it throws an exception which contains the information that is available at the time, namely the errno. Other relevant information, such as the file name, can be added in a context higher up the call stack, where it is known naturally:
[@#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -28
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string>
boost::shared_ptr<FILE> file_open( char const * file_name, char const * mode );
void file_read( FILE * f, void * buffer, size_t size );
void
parse_file( char const * file_name )
{
boost::shared_ptr<FILE> f = file_open(file_name,"rb");
assert(f);
try
{
char buf[1024];
file_read( f.get(), buf, sizeof(buf) );
}
catch(
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) & e )
{
e << boost::(:link
+ :)>
#include <(:link
1
0
@@ -9583,7 +8903,133 @@
2
- :)(file_name);
throw;
}
}@]
The above function is (almost) exception-neutral -- if an exception is emitted by any function call within the try block, parse_file does not need to do any real work, but it intercepts any boost::(:link
+ :)>
#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -45
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -58
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -50
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -34
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -52
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/weak_ptr.hpp>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <exception>
struct error : virtual std::exception, virtual boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) { };
struct file_error : virtual error { };
struct file_open_error: virtual file_error { };
struct file_read_error: virtual file_error { };
boost::shared_ptr<FILE>
open_file( char const * file, char const * mode )
{
if( FILE * f=fopen(file,mode) )
return boost::shared_ptr<FILE>(f,fclose);
else
(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -74
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(
file_open_error() <<
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -7
+
+
+ 2
+ :)("fopen") <<
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -76
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(errno) <<
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -79
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(file) <<
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -66
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(mode) );
}
size_t
read_file( boost::shared_ptr<FILE> const & f, void * buf, size_t size )
{
size_t nr=fread(buf,1,size,f.get());
if( ferror(f.get()) )
(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -74
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(
file_read_error() <<
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -7
+
+
+ 2
+ :)("fread") <<
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -76
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(errno) <<
boost::(:link
1
0
@@ -9592,23 +9038,14 @@
2
- :) object, stores the file name, and re-throws using a throw-expression with no operand (15.1.6). The rationale for catching any boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) object is that the file name is relevant to any failure that occurs in parse_file, ''even if the failure is unrelated to file I/O''.
+ :)(f) );
return nr;
}@]
0
- -40
+ -41
@@ -9617,64 +9054,6 @@
(:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
-
-
- 0
-
- -41
-
-
-
- 11
- 2
- !!!!Example:
this is a possible output from the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :) function, as used in ''libs/exception/example/example_io.cpp:''
[@example_io.cpp(70): Throw in function class boost::shared_ptr<struct _iobuf> __cdecl my_fopen(const char *,const char *)
Dynamic exception type: class boost::exception_detail::clone_impl<struct fopen_error>
std::exception::what: example_io error
[struct boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -18
-
-
- 2
- :)_ *] = fopen
[struct boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -37
-
-
- 2
- :)_ *] = 2, "No such file or directory"
[struct boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -64
-
-
- 2
- :)_ *] = tmp1.txt
[struct boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -12
-
-
- 2
- :)_ *] = rb@]
-
-
0
@@ -9683,90 +9062,9 @@
- 19
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!:)
Boost Exception provides a namespace-scope function (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :) which takes a boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :). The returned string contains:
*the string representation of all data objects added to the boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) through (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- mod="/":);
*the output from std::exception::what;
*additional platform-specific diagnostic information.
The returned string is not presentable as a friendly user message, but because it is generated automatically, it is useful for debugging or logging purposes. Here is an example:
[@#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -28
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <iostream>
void f(); //throws unknown types that derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :).
void
g()
{
try
{
f();
}
catch(
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) & e )
{
std::cerr << (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :)(e);
}
}@]
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -41
-
-
- 2
- :)
+ (:auto !!:)
(:pagelist fmt="index" tags="function":)
@@ -9790,9 +9088,54 @@
- 1
+ 11
2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
+ !!!!Example:
this is a possible output from the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :) function, as used in ''libs/exception/example/example_io.cpp:''
[@example_io.cpp(70): Throw in function class boost::shared_ptr<struct _iobuf> __cdecl my_fopen(const char *,const char *)
Dynamic exception type: class boost::exception_detail::clone_impl<struct fopen_error>
std::exception::what: example_io error
[struct boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -7
+
+
+ 2
+ :)_ *] = fopen
[struct boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -76
+
+
+ 2
+ :)_ *] = 2, "No such file or directory"
[struct boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -79
+
+
+ 2
+ :)_ *] = tmp1.txt
[struct boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -66
+
+
+ 2
+ :)_ *] = rb@]
@@ -9803,90 +9146,9 @@
- 19
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!:)
Boost Exception responds to the following configuration macros:
'''BOOST_NO_RTTI'''\\
'''BOOST_NO_TYPEID'''
The first macro prevents Boost Exception from using dynamic_cast and dynamic typeid. If the second macro is also defined, Boost Exception does not use static typeid either. There are no observable degrading effects on the library functionality, except for the following:
->By default, the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :) function template can be called with any exception type. If BOOST_NO_RTTI is defined, (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :) can be used only with objects of type boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :).
!!!!Note:
The library needs RTTI functionality. Disabling the language RTTI support enables an internal RTTI system, which may have more or less overhead depending on the platform.
'''BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE'''
By default, (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -9
-
-
- 2
- :) and (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -67
-
-
- 2
- :) are integrated directly in the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :) function. Defining BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE disables this integration.
Note that on some non-conformant compilers, for example MSVC 7.0 and older, as well as BCC, BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE is implicitly defined in (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -19
-
-
- 2
- :).
'''BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS'''
This macro disables exception handling in Boost, forwarding all exceptions to a user-defined non-template version of boost::
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- . However, unless BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE is also defined, users can still examine the exception object for any data added at the point of the throw, or use boost::
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- (of course under BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS, the user-defined boost::throw_exception is not allowed to return to the caller.)
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -9896,6 +9158,108 @@
-46
+
+ 3
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Effects:
Stores a copy of v in the
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ object.
(:include throws:)
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+
+ 7
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
E must be boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :), or a type that derives (indirectly) from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
!!!!Postcondition:
A copy of v is stored into x. If x already contains data of type (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<Tag,T>, that data is overwritten. Basic exception safety guarantee.
!!!!Returns:
x.
(:include throws:)
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -48
+
+
+
+ 7
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
Deriving from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) effectively decouples the semantics of a failure from the information that is relevant to each individual instance of reporting a failure with a given semantic.
In other words: with boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :), what data a given exception object transports depends primarily on the context in which failures are reported (not on its type.) Since exception types need no members, it becomes very natural to throw exceptions that derive from more than one type to indicate multiple appropriate semantics:
[@struct exception_base: virtual std::exception, virtual boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) { };
struct io_error: virtual exception_base { };
struct file_error: virtual io_error { };
struct read_error: virtual io_error { };
struct file_read_error: virtual file_error, virtual read_error { };@]
Using this approach, exception types become a simple tagging system for categorizing errors and selecting failures in exception handlers.
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -49
+
+
5
2
@@ -9904,7 +9268,7 @@
0
- -79
+ -53
2
@@ -9913,7 +9277,7 @@
0
- -71
+ -70
2
@@ -9924,7 +9288,7 @@
0
- -47
+ -50
@@ -9937,66 +9301,49 @@
0
- -48
+ -51
- 1
+ 27
2
- (:auto !!!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -49
-
-
-
- 7
- 2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
+ (:auto !!:)
Some exception hierarchies can not be modified to make boost::(:link
1
0
- -10
+ -56
2
- :) instance for transporting (in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
+ :) a base type. In this case, the (:link
1
0
- -62
+ -63
2
- :)) an
+ :) function template can be used to make exception objects derive from boost::(:link
1
0
- -79
+ -56
2
- to an exception nested into another exception.
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -50
-
-
-
- 3
+ :) anyway. Here is an example:
[@#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -12
+
+
2
- (:auto !!:)
This header has been deprecated.
Please #include <
+ :)>
#include <stdexcept>
typedef boost::(:link
1
0
@@ -10005,182 +9352,79 @@
2
- > instead.
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
-
- 37
- 2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Returns:
A string value that contains varying amount of implementation-specific diagnostic information about the passed object:
*If E can be statically converted to boost::(:link
+ :)<struct tag_std_range_min,size_t> std_range_min;
typedef boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -28
2
- :), the returned value contains the string representations of all (:link
+ :)<struct tag_std_range_max,size_t> std_range_max;
typedef boost::(:link
1
0
- -10
+ -28
2
- :) objects stored in the boost::(:link
+ :)<struct tag_std_range_index,size_t> std_range_index;
template <class T>
class
my_container
{
public:
size_t size() const;
T const &
operator[]( size_t i ) const
{
if( i > size() )
throw boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -63
2
- :) through (:link
+ :)(std::range_error("Index out of range")) <<
std_range_min(0) <<
std_range_max(size()) <<
std_range_index(i);
//....
}
};
@]
The call to (:link
1
0
- -80
+ -63
2
- mod="/":), along with other diagnostic information relevant to the exception. If e can be dynamically converted to std::exception, the returned value also contains the what() string.
*Otherwise, if E can be statically converted to std::exception:
**if e can be dynamically converted to boost::exception, the returned value is the same as if E could be statically converted to boost::(:link
+ :)<T> gets us an object of ''unspecified type'' which is guaranteed to derive from both boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :);
**otherwise the returned value contains the what() string.
*Otherwise, the boost::(:link
+ :) and T. This makes it possible to use (:link
1
0
- -51
+ -47
2
- :) template is not available.
The string representation of each (:link
+ mod="/":) to store additional information in the exception object. The exception can be intercepted as T &, so existing exception handling will not break. It can also be intercepted as boost::(:link
1
0
- -10
+ -56
2
- :) object is deduced by a function call that is bound at the time the (:link
+ :) &, so that (:link
1
0
- -10
+ -77
2
- :)<Tag,T> template is instantiated. The following overload resolutions are attempted in order:
#Unqualified call to to_string(x), where x is of type (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<Tag,T> (the return value is expected to be of type std::string.)
#Unqualified call to to_string(x.(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -61
-
-
- 2
- mod="m":)()) (the return value is expected to be of type std::string.)
#Unqualified call to s << x.(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -61
-
-
- 2
- mod="m":)(), where s is a std::ostringstream.
The first successfully bound function is used at the time (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :) is called; if all 3 overload resolutions are unsuccessful, the system is unable to convert the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) object to string, and ''an unspecified stub string value is used without issuing a compile error.''
The (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- :) overload of (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :) is equivalent to:
[@if( p )
try
{
(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -15
-
-
- 2
- :)(p);
}
catch(...)
{
return (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -53
-
-
- 2
- :)();
}
else return <unspecified-string-value>;@]
!!!!Notes:
*The format of the returned string is unspecified.
*The returned string is ''not'' user-friendly.
*The returned string may include additional platform-specific diagnostic information.
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -41
-
-
- 2
- :)
+ |more information can be added to the exception at a later time:).
@@ -10193,7 +9437,7 @@
1
2
- (:auto !!:)
(:pagelist fmt="index" tags="function":)
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -10204,27 +9448,9 @@
- 9
+ 25
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
This function must not be called outside of a catch block.
!!!!Returns:
If the current exception object can be converted to boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) or std::exception, this function returns the same string value returned by (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- :) for the current exception object. Otherwise, an unspecified non-empty string is returned.
Typical use is to call
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
The (:link
1
0
@@ -10233,7 +9459,7 @@
2
- from a top-level function to output diagnostic information about unhandled exceptions:
[@int
main()
{
try
{
run_program();
}
catch(
error & e )
{
//handle error
}
catch(
...)
{
std::cerr << "Unhandled exception!" << std::endl <<
boost::
+ :) type can be used to refer to a copy of an exception object. It is Default Constructible, Copy Constructible, Assignable and Equality Comparable; (:link
1
0
@@ -10242,7 +9468,97 @@
2
- ();
}
}@]
+ :)'s operations do not throw.
The referenced object remains valid at least as long as there is an (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) object that refers to it.
Two instances of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) are equivalent and compare equal if and only if they refer to the same exception.
The default constructor of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) produces the null value of the type. The null value is equivalent only to itself.
!!!!Thread safety
* It is legal for multiple threads to hold (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) references to the same exception object.
* It is illegal for multiple threads to modify the same (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) object concurrently.
* While calling (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :) makes a copy of the current exception object, it is still possible for the two copies to share internal state. Therefore, in general it is not safe to call (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -80
+
+
+ 2
+ :) concurrently to throw the same exception object into multiple threads.
!!!!Nesting of exceptions:
An (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) can be added as (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) to any boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :). This is a convenient way to nest exceptions. There is no limit on the depth of the nesting, however cyclic references result in undefined behavior.
@@ -10253,45 +9569,9 @@
- 9
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- typedef is used by
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
- 2
- if it defaults to returning an
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -79
-
-
- 2
- that refers to an object of type
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -46
-
-
- 2
- , to record in it the std::type_info of the original exception object.
+ (:auto !!:)
(:pagelist tags="hpp" except_tags="noindex":)
@@ -10302,171 +9582,27 @@
- 37
+ 5
2
- [@#include <(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Definition:
The expression
1
0
- -76
+ -28
2
- :)>
#include <(:link
+ <Tag,T>::(:link
1
0
- -66
+ -55
2
- :)>
#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -14
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -77
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -58
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -47
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -29
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -19
-
-
- 2
- :)>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/weak_ptr.hpp>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <exception>
struct error : virtual std::exception, virtual boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) { };
struct file_error : virtual error { };
struct file_open_error: virtual file_error { };
struct file_read_error: virtual file_error { };
boost::shared_ptr<FILE>
open_file( char const * file, char const * mode )
{
if( FILE * f=fopen(file,mode) )
return boost::shared_ptr<FILE>(f,fclose);
else
(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -75
-
-
- 2
- :)(
file_open_error() <<
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -18
-
-
- 2
- :)("fopen") <<
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -37
-
-
- 2
- :)(errno) <<
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -64
-
-
- 2
- :)(file) <<
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -12
-
-
- 2
- :)(mode) );
}
size_t
read_file( boost::shared_ptr<FILE> const & f, void * buf, size_t size )
{
size_t nr=fread(buf,1,size,f.get());
if( ferror(f.get()) )
(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -75
-
-
- 2
- :)(
file_read_error() <<
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -18
-
-
- 2
- :)("fread") <<
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -37
-
-
- 2
- :)(errno) <<
boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -33
-
-
- 2
- :)(f) );
return nr;
}@]
+ mod="m":) evaluates to T.
@@ -10477,9 +9613,63 @@
- 1
+ 13
2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
Class boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) is designed to be used as a universal base for user-defined exception types.
An object of any type deriving from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) can store data of arbitrary types, using the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) wrapper and (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="/":).
To retrieve data from a boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) object, use the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :) function template.
@@ -10490,18 +9680,9 @@
- 3
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Effects:
Stores a copy of v in the
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- object.
(:include throws:)
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -10525,333 +9706,9 @@
- 77
+ 9
2
- !!Synopsis
List of documented definitions, declarations and includes by header file:
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -7
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -7
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -44
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -44
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -29
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -29
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -43
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -43
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -48
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -48
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -40
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -40
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -38
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -38
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -60
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -60
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -30
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -30
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -19
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -19
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -76
-
-
- 2
- :)>
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -76
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -66
-
-
- 2
- :)>
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -66
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -14
-
-
- 2
- :)>
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -14
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -77
-
-
- 2
- :)>
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -77
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -58
-
-
- 2
- :)>
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -58
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -47
-
-
- 2
- :)>
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -47
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
`#include <
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -26
-
-
- 2
- >
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -26
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -34
-
-
- 2
- :)>
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -34
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This
1
0
@@ -10860,16 +9717,34 @@
2
- :)>
(:include
+ typedef is used by
1
0
- -28
+ -70
2
- synopsis:)
+ if it defaults to returning an
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ that refers to an object of type
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -49
+
+
+ 2
+ , to record in it the std::type_info of the original exception object.
@@ -10880,9 +9755,45 @@
- 1
+ 9
2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
This function must not be called outside of a catch block.
!!!!Returns:
If the current exception object can be converted to boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) or std::exception, this function returns the same string value returned by (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :) for the current exception object. Otherwise, an unspecified non-empty string is returned.
Typical use is to call
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -60
+
+
+ 2
+ from a top-level function to output diagnostic information about unhandled exceptions:
[@int
main()
{
try
{
run_program();
}
catch(
error & e )
{
//handle error
}
catch(
...)
{
std::cerr << "Unhandled exception!" << std::endl <<
boost::
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -60
+
+
+ 2
+ ();
}
}@]
@@ -10893,27 +9804,171 @@
- 5
+ 37
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Description:
Returns a (const) reference to the copy of the value passed to (:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Returns:
A string value that contains varying amount of implementation-specific diagnostic information about the passed object:
*If E can be statically converted to boost::(:link
1
0
- -10
+ -56
2
- :)'s constructor stored in the (:link
+ :), the returned value contains the string representations of all (:link
1
0
- -10
+ -28
2
- :) object.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
+ :) objects stored in the boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) through (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="/":), along with other diagnostic information relevant to the exception. If e can be dynamically converted to std::exception, the returned value also contains the what() string.
*Otherwise, if E can be statically converted to std::exception:
**if e can be dynamically converted to boost::exception, the returned value is the same as if E could be statically converted to boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :);
**otherwise the returned value contains the what() string.
*Otherwise, the boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :) template is not available.
The string representation of each (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) object is deduced by a function call that is bound at the time the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<Tag,T> template is instantiated. The following overload resolutions are attempted in order:
#Unqualified call to to_string(x), where x is of type (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<Tag,T> (the return value is expected to be of type std::string.)
#Unqualified call to to_string(x.(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -5
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="m":)()) (the return value is expected to be of type std::string.)
#Unqualified call to s << x.(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -5
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="m":)(), where s is a std::ostringstream.
The first successfully bound function is used at the time (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :) is called; if all 3 overload resolutions are unsuccessful, the system is unable to convert the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) object to string, and ''an unspecified stub string value is used without issuing a compile error.''
The (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :) overload of (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :) is equivalent to:
[@if( p )
try
{
(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -80
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(p);
}
catch(...)
{
return (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -60
+
+
+ 2
+ :)();
}
else return <unspecified-string-value>;@]
!!!!Notes:
*The format of the returned string is unspecified.
*The returned string is ''not'' user-friendly.
*The returned string may include additional platform-specific diagnostic information.
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -44
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
@@ -10924,63 +9979,36 @@
- 13
+ 7
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
Class boost::(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
1
0
- -62
+ -28
2
- :) is designed to be used as a universal base for user-defined exception types.
An object of any type deriving from boost::(:link
+ :) instance for transporting a relevant FILE pointer managed by a boost::shared_ptr<FILE> in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :) can store data of arbitrary types, using the (:link
+ :).
!!!Example:
(:include
1
0
- -10
+ -40
2
- :) wrapper and (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- mod="/":).
To retrieve data from a boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) object, use the (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :) function template.
+ :)
@@ -10991,81 +10019,27 @@
- 17
+ 5
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
E must derive publicly from std::exception.
!!!!Effects:
* If BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS is not defined, boost::(:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
T must be a class with an accessible no-throw copy constructor as per (15.5.1).
!!!!Returns:
* If T derives from boost::(:link
1
0
- -63
+ -56
2
- :)(e) is equivalent to throw boost::(:link
+ :), the returned object is of type T and is a copy of x.
* Otherwise, the returned object is of an unspecified type that derives publicly from both T and boost::(:link
1
0
- -9
+ -56
2
- :)(boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -67
-
-
- 2
- :)(e)), unless BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE is defined, in which case boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :)(e) is equivalent to throw e;
* If BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS is defined, the function is left undefined, and the user is expected to supply an appropriate definition. Callers of (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :) are allowed to assume that the function never returns; therefore, if the user-defined (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :) returns, the behavior is undefined.
!!!!Note:
Under BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS, unless BOOST_EXCEPTION_DISABLE is also defined, users can examine the passed exception object using boost::
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- , or format an automatic diagnostic message using boost::
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -51
-
-
- 2
- .
+ :). The T sub-object is initialized from x by the T copy constructor.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
@@ -11075,110 +10049,146 @@
-64
-
- 7
- 2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) instance for transporting a relevant file name in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :).
!!!Example:
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -55
-
-
- 2
- :)
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -65
-
-
-
- 11
- 2
- (:auto !!:)
All exception types that derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) can be used as type-safe containers of arbitrary data objects, while complying with the no-throw requirements (15.5.1) of the ANSI C++ standard for exception types.
When exceptions derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :), arbitrary data can be added to exception objects:
*At the point of the throw;
*At a later time as exceptions bubble up the call stack.
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -27
-
-
- 2
- :)
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -39
-
-
- 2
- :)
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -25
-
-
- 2
- :)
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -66
-
-
1
2
(:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -65
+
+
+
+ 19
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
Sometimes the throw site does not have all the information that is needed at the catch site to make sense of what went wrong. Let's say we have an exception type file_read_error, which takes a file name in its constructor. Consider the following function:
[@void
file_read( FILE * f, void * buffer, size_t size )
{
if( size!=fread(buffer,1,size,f) )
throw file_read_error(????);
}@]
How can the file_read function pass a file name to the exception type constructor? All it has is a FILE handle.
Using boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) allows us to free the file_read function from the burden of storing the file name in exceptions it throws:
[@`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -12
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
struct file_read_error: virtual boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) { };
void
file_read( FILE * f, void * buffer, size_t size )
{
if( size!=fread(buffer,1,size,f) )
throw file_read_error() << boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -76
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(errno);
}@]
If file_read detects a failure, it throws an exception which contains the information that is available at the time, namely the errno. Other relevant information, such as the file name, can be added in a context higher up the call stack, where it is known naturally:
[@#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -12
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string>
boost::shared_ptr<FILE> file_open( char const * file_name, char const * mode );
void file_read( FILE * f, void * buffer, size_t size );
void
parse_file( char const * file_name )
{
boost::shared_ptr<FILE> f = file_open(file_name,"rb");
assert(f);
try
{
char buf[1024];
file_read( f.get(), buf, sizeof(buf) );
}
catch(
boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) & e )
{
e << boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -79
+
+
+ 2
+ :)(file_name);
throw;
}
}@]
The above function is (almost) exception-neutral -- if an exception is emitted by any function call within the try block, parse_file does not need to do any real work, but it intercepts any boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) object, stores the file name, and re-throws using a throw-expression with no operand (15.1.6). The rationale for catching any boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) object is that the file name is relevant to any failure that occurs in parse_file, ''even if the failure is unrelated to file I/O''.
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -66
+
+
+
+ 7
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) instance for transporting the string passed as a second argument to fopen in exceptions indicating fopen failures and deriving from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
!!!Example:
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -40
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
+
+
0
@@ -11187,27 +10197,351 @@
- 5
+ 77
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
T must be a class with an accessible no-throw copy constructor as per (15.5.1).
!!!!Returns:
* If T derives from boost::(:link
+ !!Synopsis
List of documented definitions, declarations and includes by header file:
`#include <(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -10
2
- :), the returned object is of type T and is a copy of x.
* Otherwise, the returned object is of an unspecified type that derives publicly from both T and boost::(:link
+ :)>
[@(:include
1
0
- -62
+ -10
2
- :). The T sub-object is initialized from x by the T copy constructor.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -43
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -43
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -34
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -34
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -8
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -8
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -68
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -68
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -11
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -11
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -22
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -22
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -57
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -57
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -30
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -30
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -52
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -52
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)@]
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -32
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -32
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -41
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -41
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -64
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -64
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -45
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -45
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -58
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -58
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -50
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -50
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
`#include <
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -36
+
+
+ 2
+ >
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -36
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -14
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -14
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
`#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -12
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -12
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
@@ -11220,7 +10554,7 @@
1
2
- (:auto !!:)
(:pagelist tags="macro":)
+ (:auto !!!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
@@ -11231,126 +10565,86 @@
- 15
+ 19
2
- (:auto !!!:)
Here is how cloning can be enabled in a throw-expression (15.1):
[@#include <(:link
+ (:auto !!:)
Boost Exception provides a namespace-scope function (:link
1
0
- -29
+ -61
2
- :)>
#include <(:link
+ :) which takes a boost::(:link
1
0
- -14
+ -56
2
- :)>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
struct file_read_error: virtual boost::(:link
+ :). The returned string contains:
*the string representation of all data objects added to the boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :) { };
void
file_read( FILE * f, void * buffer, size_t size )
{
if( size!=fread(buffer,1,size,f) )
throw boost::(:link
+ :) through (:link
1
0
- -9
+ -47
2
- :)(file_read_error()) <<
boost::(:link
+ mod="/":);
*the output from std::exception::what;
*additional platform-specific diagnostic information.
The returned string is not presentable as a friendly user message, but because it is generated automatically, it is useful for debugging or logging purposes. Here is an example:
[@#include <(:link
1
0
- -37
+ -12
2
- :)(errno);
}@]
Of course, (:link
+ :)>
#include <iostream>
void f(); //throws unknown types that derive from boost::(:link
1
0
- -9
+ -56
2
- :) may be used with any exception type; there is no requirement that it should derive from boost::(:link
+ :).
void
g()
{
try
{
f();
}
catch(
boost::(:link
1
0
- -62
+ -56
2
- :).
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -70
-
-
-
- 11
- 2
- (:auto !!:)
Boost Exception supports transporting of exception objects between threads through cloning. This system is similar to (:link http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2179.html|N2179:), but because Boost Exception can not rely on language support, the use of (:link
+ :) & e )
{
std::cerr << (:link
1
0
- -9
+ -61
2
- :) at the time of the throw is required in order to use cloning.
!!!!Note:
All exceptions emitted by the familiar function boost::(:link
+ :)(e);
}
}@]
(:include
1
0
- -63
-
-
- 2
- :) are guaranteed to derive from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) and to support cloning.
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -69
-
-
- 2
- :)
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -8
+ -44
2
@@ -11361,7 +10655,7 @@
0
- -71
+ -70
@@ -11372,7 +10666,7 @@
0
- -71
+ -70
2
@@ -11381,7 +10675,7 @@
0
- -79
+ -53
2
@@ -11390,7 +10684,7 @@
0
- -79
+ -53
2
@@ -11399,7 +10693,7 @@
0
- -71
+ -70
2
@@ -11408,7 +10702,7 @@
0
- -71
+ -70
2
@@ -11417,7 +10711,7 @@
0
- -9
+ -20
2
@@ -11426,7 +10720,7 @@
0
- -71
+ -70
2
@@ -11435,7 +10729,7 @@
0
- -79
+ -53
2
@@ -11444,7 +10738,7 @@
0
- -46
+ -49
2
@@ -11453,7 +10747,7 @@
0
- -62
+ -56
2
@@ -11462,7 +10756,7 @@
0
- -62
+ -56
2
@@ -11471,7 +10765,7 @@
0
- -62
+ -56
2
@@ -11480,7 +10774,7 @@
0
- -79
+ -53
2
@@ -11489,7 +10783,7 @@
0
- -62
+ -56
2
@@ -11498,7 +10792,7 @@
0
- -72
+ -17
2
@@ -11507,7 +10801,7 @@
0
- -54
+ -59
2
@@ -11518,80 +10812,179 @@
0
- -72
+ -71
- 13
+ 3
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
* ErrorInfo must be an instance of the (:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include decl:)
!!!!Effects:
Frees all resources associated with a boost::(:link
1
0
- -10
+ -56
2
- :) template.
* E must be polymorphic.
!!!!Returns:
* If dynamic_cast<boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :) const *>(&x) is 0, or if x does not store an object of type ErrorInfo, the returned value is null.
* Otherwise, the returned pointer points to the stored value (use (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -80
-
-
- 2
- mod="/":) to store values in exception objects.) When x is destroyed, any pointers returned by (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :) become invalid.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
!!!!Note:
The interface of (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -72
-
-
- 2
- :) may be affected by the build (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -45
-
-
- 2
- :).
+ :) object.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
0
- -73
+ -72
- 1
+ 33
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
This function must not be called outside of a catch block.
!!!!Returns:
A pointer of type E to the current exception object, or null if the current exception object can not be converted to E *.
!!!!Throws:
Nothing.
+ (:auto !!!:)
Traditionally, when using exceptions to report failures, the throw site:
*creates an exception object of the appropriate type, and
*stuffs it with data relevant to the detected error.
A higher context in the program contains a catch statement which:
*selects failures based on exception types, and
*inspects exception objects for data required to deal with the problem.
The main issue with this "traditional" approach is that often, the data available at the point of the throw is insufficient for the catch site to handle the failure.
Here is an example of a catch statement:
[@catch( file_read_error & e )
{
std::cerr << e.file_name();
}@]
And here is a possible matching throw:
[@void
read_file( FILE * f )
{
....
size_t nr=fread(buf,1,count,f);
if( ferror(f) )
throw file_read_error(???);
....
}@]
Clearly, the problem is that the handler requires a file name but the read_file function does not have a file name to put in the exception object; all it has is a FILE pointer!
In an attempt to deal with this problem, we could modify read_file to accept a file name:
[@void
read_file( FILE * f, char const * name )
{
....
size_t nr=fread(buf,1,count,f);
if( ferror(f) )
throw file_read_error(name);
....
}@]
This is not a real solution: it simply shifts the burden of supplying a file name to the immediate caller of the read_file function.
->''In general, the data required to handle a given library-emitted exception depends on the program that links to it. Many contexts between the throw and the catch may have relevant information which must be transported to the exception handler.''
!!!Exception wrapping
The idea of exception wrapping is to catch an exception from a lower level function (such as the read_file function above), and throw a new exception object that contains the original exception (and also carries a file name.) This method seems to be particularly popular with C++ programmers with Java background.
Exception wrapping leads to the following problems:
*To wrap an exception object it must be copied, which may result in slicing.
*Wrapping is practically impossible to use in generic contexts.
The second point is actually special case of violating the exception neutrality principle. Most contexts in a program can not handle exceptions; such contexts should not interfere with the process of exception handling.
!!!The boost::exception solution
*Simply derive your exception types from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
*Confidently limit the throw site to provide only data that is available naturally.
*Use exception-neutral contexts between the throw and the catch to augment exceptions with more relevant data as they bubble up.
For example, in the throw statement below we only add the errno code, since this is the only failure-relevant information available in this context:
[@struct exception_base: virtual std::exception, virtual boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) { };
struct io_error: virtual exception_base { };
struct file_read_error: virtual io_error { };
typedef boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<struct tag_errno_code,int> errno_code;
void
read_file( FILE * f )
{
....
size_t nr=fread(buf,1,count,f);
if( ferror(f) )
throw file_read_error() (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) errno_code(errno);
....
}@]
In a higher exception-neutral context, we add the file name to ''any'' exception that derives from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :):
[@typedef boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<struct tag_file_name,std::string> file_name;
....
try
{
if( FILE * fp=fopen("foo.txt","rt") )
{
shared_ptr<FILE> f(fp,fclose);
....
read_file(fp); //throws types deriving from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
do_something();
....
}
else
throw file_open_error() (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) errno_code(errno);
}
catch( boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) & e )
{
e (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) file_name("foo.txt");
throw;
}@]
Finally here is how the handler retrieves data from exceptions that derive from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :):
[@catch( io_error & e )
{
std::cerr << "I/O Error!\n";
if( std::string const * fn=(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<file_name>(e) )
std::cerr << "File name: " << *fn << "\n";
if( int const * c=(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :)<errno_code>(e) )
std::cerr << "OS says: " << strerror(*c) << "\n";
}@]
In addition, boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :) can be used to compose an automatic (if not user-friendly) message that contains all of the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) objects added to a boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :). This is useful for inclusion in logs and other diagnostic objects.
@@ -11601,46 +10994,6 @@
-74
-
- 7
- 2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :) instance for transporting a relevant text file line number, for example in parse error exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :).
!!!Example:
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -55
-
-
- 2
- :)
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -75
-
-
7
2
@@ -11649,7 +11002,7 @@
0
- -63
+ -16
2
@@ -11658,7 +11011,7 @@
0
- -72
+ -17
2
@@ -11667,7 +11020,7 @@
0
- -51
+ -61
2
@@ -11678,13 +11031,53 @@
0
- -76
+ -75
1
2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
+ (:auto !!:)
(:pagelist fmt="index" tags="type":)
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -76
+
+
+
+ 7
+ 2
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) instance for transporting a relevant errno value in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
!!!Example:
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -40
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
@@ -11695,9 +11088,54 @@
- 1
+ 11
2
- (:auto !!:)
!!!Synopsis
(:include synopsis:)
+ (:auto !!:)
All exception types that derive from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) can be used as type-safe containers of arbitrary data objects, while complying with the no-throw requirements (15.5.1) of the ANSI C++ standard for exception types.
When exceptions derive from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :), arbitrary data can be added to exception objects:
*At the point of the throw;
*At a later time as exceptions bubble up the call stack.
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -6
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -65
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -26
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
@@ -11708,9 +11146,315 @@
- 1
+ 69
2
- (:auto !!:)
(:pagelist tags="hpp" except_tags="noindex":)
+ !!Introduction
The purpose of Boost Exception is to ease the design of exception class hierarchies and to help write exception handling and error reporting code.
It supports transporting of arbitrary data to the catch site, which is otherwise tricky due to the no-throw requirements (15.5.1) for exception types. Data can be added to any exception object, either directly in the throw-expression (15.1), or at a later time as the exception object propagates up the call stack.
The ability to add data to exception objects after they have been passed to throw is important, because often some of the information needed to handle an exception is unavailable in the context where the failure is detected.
Boost Exception also supports (:link http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2179.html|N2179:)-style (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -19
+
+
+ 2
+ |copying:) of exception objects, implemented non-intrusively and automatically by the boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :) function.
!!Contents
#(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -72
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
#Tutorial
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -77
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -51
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -19
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -48
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -18
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -69
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
#Documentation
##Class (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##Throwing Exceptions
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -74
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##Transporting of Arbitrary Data to the Catch Site
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -24
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -63
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##(:link http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2179.html|N2179:) Transporting of Exceptions between Threads
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -53
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -25
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -80
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -49
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##Diagnostic Information
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
###(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -60
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -9
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
#API
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -67
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -54
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -75
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -42
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -39
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
##(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -31
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
#(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -73
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
#(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -38
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="w":)
!!!Acknowledgements
Thanks to Peter Dimov for his continuing help. Also thanks to Tobias Schwinger, Tom Brinkman, Pavel Vozenilek and everyone who participated in the review process.
@@ -11721,9 +11465,247 @@
- 25
+ 7
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
The (:link
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
This type is designed to be used as a standard (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) instance for transporting a relevant file name in exceptions deriving from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
!!!Example:
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -40
+
+
+ 2
+ :)
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -73
+
+
+
+ 79
+ 2
+ (:auto !!:)
!!!Why doesn't boost::exception derive from std::exception?
Despite that (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -18
+
+
+ 2
+ |virtual inheritance should be used in deriving from base exception types:), many programmers fail to follow this principle when deriving from std::exception. If boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) derives from std::exception, using the (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -63
+
+
+ 2
+ :) function with such user-defined types would introduce dangerous ambiguity which would break all catch(std::exception &) statements.
Of course, boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) should not be used to replace std::exception as a base type in exception type hierarchies. Instead, it should be included as a virtual base, in addition to std::exception (which should also be derived virtually.)
!!!Why is boost::exception abstract?
To prevent exception-neutral contexts from erroneously erasing the type of the original exception when adding (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) to an active exception object:
[@catch( boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) & e )
{
e (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) foo_info(foo);
throw e; //Compile error: boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) is abstract
}@]
The correct code is:
[@catch( boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) & e )
{
e (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) foo_info(foo);
throw; //Okay, re-throwing the original exception object.
}@]
!!!What is the space overhead of the boost::exception base class?
The space overhead for the boost::exception data members is negligible in the context of exception handling. Throwing objects that derive from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) does not by itself cause dynamic memory allocations.
Deriving from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) enables any data to be added to exceptions, which usually does allocate memory. However, this memory is reclaimed when the exception has been handled, and since typically user code does not allocate memory during the unrolling of the stack, adding error info to exceptions should not cause memory fragmentation.
!!!Should I use boost::throw_exception or BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION or just throw?
The benefit of calling boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :) instead of using throw directly is that it ensures that the emitted exception derives from boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ :) and that it is compatible with boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -70
+
+
+ 2
+ :).
The (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -74
+
+
+ 2
+ :) macro also results in a call to boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+ 2
+ :), but in addition it records in the exception object the __FILE__ and __LINE__ of the throw, as well as the pretty name of the function that throws. This has virtually no overhead, yet enables boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :) to compose a more useful, if not user-friendly message.
Typical use of boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -61
+
+
+ 2
+ :) is:
[@catch( boost::exception & e )
{
std::cerr << "OMG!" << boost::diagnostic_information(e);
}
catch( ... )
{
std::cerr << "OMG!!!";
}@]
This is a possible message it may display, the first line is only possible if (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -74
+
+
+ 2
+ :) is used:
[@example_io.cpp(70): Throw in function class boost::shared_ptr<struct _iobuf> __cdecl my_fopen(const char *,const char *)
Dynamic exception type: class boost::exception_detail::clone_impl<class fopen_error>
std::exception::what: example_io error
[struct boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -7
+
+
+ 2
+ :)_ *] = fopen
[struct boost::(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -76
+
+
+ 2
+ :)_ *] = 2, "No such file or directory"
[struct boost::(:link
1
0
@@ -11732,106 +11714,151 @@
2
- :) type can be used to refer to a copy of an exception object. It is Default Constructible, Copy Constructible, Assignable and Equality Comparable; (:link
+ :)_ *] = tmp1.txt
[struct boost::(:link
1
0
- -79
+ -66
2
- :)'s operations do not throw.
The referenced object remains valid at least as long as there is an (:link
+ :)_ *] = rb@]
!!!Why is boost::exception integrated in boost::throw_exception?
The boost::(:link
1
0
- -79
+ -16
2
- :) object that refers to it.
Two instances of (:link
+ :) function predates the Boost Exception library and there has been some concern about its current behavior of injecting boost::(:link
1
0
- -79
+ -56
2
- :) are equivalent and compare equal if and only if they refer to the same exception.
The default constructor of (:link
+ :) as a base of any exception passed to boost::(:link
1
0
- -79
+ -16
2
- :) produces the null value of the type. The null value is equivalent only to itself.
!!!!Thread safety
* It is legal for multiple threads to hold (:link
+ :). Such concerns are dictated by the typical strict interpretation of a common principle in C and C++, that users only pay for features they actually use.
The problem is that users of Boost Exception can't by themselves cause a library to throw types that derive from boost::(:link
1
0
- -79
+ -56
2
- :) references to the same exception object.
* It is illegal for multiple threads to modify the same (:link
+ :), and without this they can't use any of the Boost Exception facilities.
For example, if a user wants to use Boost Serialization in a separate thread, it is desirable to be able to transport exceptions emitted by that library into the main thread where they can be analyzed to generate a user-friendly message. This can be easily achieved using boost::(:link
1
0
- -79
+ -53
2
- :) object concurrently.
* While calling (:link
+ :), but this requires that Boost Serialization throws exceptions using boost::(:link
1
0
- -71
+ -20
2
- :) makes a copy of the current exception object, it is still possible for the two copies to share internal state. Therefore, in general it is not safe to call (:link
+ :). If Boost Serialization calls boost::(:link
1
0
- -15
+ -16
2
- :) concurrently to throw the same exception object into multiple threads.
!!!!Nesting of exceptions:
An (:link
+ :) to throw, this behavior happens automatically and transparently.
The cost of this integration is:
* In terms of space: a pointer and 3 ints are added to the static size of exception objects.
* In terms of speed: the pointer is initialized to null at the point of the throw.
* In terms of coupling: about 400 self-contained lines of C++ with no external includes.
!!!Why use operator<< overload for adding info to exceptions?
Before throwing an object of type that derives from boost::(:link
1
0
- -79
+ -56
2
- :) can be added as (:link
+ :), it is often desirable to add one or more (:link
1
0
- -10
+ -28
2
- :) to any boost::(:link
+ :) objects in it. The syntactic sugar provided by (:link
1
0
- -62
+ -47
2
- :). This is a convenient way to nest exceptions. There is no limit on the depth of the nesting, however cyclic references result in undefined behavior.
+ :) allows this to be done directly in a throw expression:
[@throw error() (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) foo_info(foo) (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) bar_info(bar);@]
which saves typing compared to this possible alternative:
[@error e;
e.add(foo_info(foo));
e.add(bar_info(bar));
throw e;@]
and looks better than something like:
[@throw error().add(foo_info(foo)).add(bar_info(bar));@]
!!!Why is operator<< allowed to throw?
This question is referring to the following issue. Consider this throw statement example:
[@throw file_open_error() (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ |<<:) file_name(fn);@]
The intention here is to throw a file_open_error, however if (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -47
+
+
+ 2
+ mod="/":) fails to copy the std::string contained in the file_name (:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ 2
+ :) wrapper, a std::bad_alloc could propagate instead. This behavior seems undesirable to some programmers.
Bjarne Stroustrup, The C++ Programming Language, 3rd Edition, page 371:
->''"Throwing an exception requires an object to throw. A C++ implementation is required to have enough spare memory to be able to throw bad_alloc in case of memory exhaustion. However, it is possible that throwing some other exception will cause memory exhaustion."''
So, an attempt to throw any exception may already result in propagating std::bad_alloc instead.
@@ -11842,36 +11869,9 @@
- 7
+ 1
2
- (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Requirements:
E must be boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :), or a type that derives (indirectly) from boost::(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -62
-
-
- 2
- :).
!!!!Postcondition:
A copy of v is stored into x. If x already contains data of type (:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -10
-
-
- 2
- :)<Tag,T>, that data is overwritten. Basic exception safety guarantee.
!!!!Returns:
x.
(:include throws:)
+ (:auto !!!:)
(:include synopsis:)
!!!!Precondition:
ep shall not be null.
!!!!Throws:
The exception to which ep refers.
@@ -11896,9 +11896,7 @@
- 1
- 2
- !!!!Throws:
std::bad_alloc, or any exception emitted by T1..TN copy constructor.
+ 0
@@ -12070,7 +12068,7 @@
0
- -24
+ -21
@@ -12099,6 +12097,19 @@
0
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -24
+
+
+
+ 1
+ 2
+ !!!!Throws:
std::bad_alloc, or any exception emitted by T1..TN copy constructor.
+
+
0
@@ -12154,17 +12165,6 @@
0
-
-
- 0
-
- -21
-
-
-
- 0
-
-
0
@@ -12349,7 +12349,9 @@
- 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ !!!!Throws:
Any exception emitted by v's copy constructor.
@@ -12360,7 +12362,9 @@
- 0
+ 1
+ 2
+ !!!!Throws:
std::bad_alloc, or any exception emitted by the T copy constructor.
@@ -12470,9 +12474,7 @@
- 1
- 2
- !!!!Throws:
Any exception emitted by v's copy constructor.
+ 0
@@ -12640,17 +12642,6 @@
0
-
-
- 0
-
- -73
-
-
-
- 0
-
-
0
@@ -12717,6 +12708,17 @@
0
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -73
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+
0
@@ -12725,9 +12727,7 @@
- 1
- 2
- !!!!Throws:
std::bad_alloc, or any exception emitted by the T copy constructor.
+ 0
@@ -12752,27 +12752,18 @@
- 5
+ 3
2
`#include <(:link
1
0
- -43
+ -34
2
- :)>
[@namespace
boost
{
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -5
-
-
- 2
- decl pre_indent="4":)
}@]
+ :)>
[@(:include decl:)@]
@@ -12794,9 +12785,27 @@
- 1
+ 5
2
- [@namespace
boost
{
(:include api pre_indent="4":)
}@]
+ `#include <
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -32
+
+
+ 2
+ >
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -32
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
@@ -12807,7 +12816,18 @@
- 0
+ 3
+ 2
+ [@#include <
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -34
+
+
+ 2
+ >
#include <boost/tuple/tuple.hpp>
namespace
boost
{
(:include api pre_indent="4":)
}@]
@@ -12817,6 +12837,199 @@
-9
+
+ 3
+ 2
+ `#include <
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -22
+
+
+ 2
+ >
[@namespace
boost
{
(:include decl pre_indent="4":)
}@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -10
+
+
+
+ 1
+ 2
+ [@namespace
boost
{
(:include api pre_indent="4":)
}@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -11
+
+
+
+ 3
+ 2
+ [@#include <string>
namespace
boost
{
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -56
+
+
+ 2
+ decl pre_indent="4":)
(:include api pre_indent="4":)
}@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -12
+
+
+
+ 1
+ 2
+ [@(:include api:)@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -13
+
+
+
+ 1
+ 2
+ [@#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
namespace
boost
{
(:include api pre_indent="4":)
}@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -14
+
+
+
+ 3
+ 2
+ [@#include <
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -43
+
+
+ 2
+ >
#include <string>
namespace
boost
{
(:include api pre_indent="4":)
}@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -15
+
+
+
+ 5
+ 2
+ `#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -41
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
(:include
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -41
+
+
+ 2
+ synopsis:)
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -16
+
+
+
+ 3
+ 2
+ `#include <(:link
+ 1
+
+ 0
+
+ -52
+
+
+ 2
+ :)>
[@namespace
boost
{
(:include decl:)
}@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -17
+
+
+
+ 1
+ 2
+ [@namespace
boost
{
(:include decl pre_indent="4":)
}@]
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -18
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -19
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -20
+
+
3
2
@@ -12836,7 +13049,7 @@
0
- -10
+ -21
@@ -12847,207 +13060,11 @@
0
- -29
+ -11
2
- :)>
[@namespace
boost
{
(:include def pre_indent="4":)
}@]
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -11
-
-
-
- 0
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -12
-
-
-
- 5
- 2
- `#include <
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -47
-
-
- 2
- >
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -47
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -13
-
-
-
- 0
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -14
-
-
-
- 3
- 2
- [@#include <
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -44
-
-
- 2
- >
#include <errno.h>
namespace
boost
{
(:include api pre_indent="4":)
}@]
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -15
-
-
-
- 3
- 2
- `#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -60
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@namespace
boost
{
(:include decl pre_indent="4":)
}@]
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -16
-
-
-
- 0
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -17
-
-
-
- 3
- 2
- `#include <(:link
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -29
-
-
- 2
- :)>
[@(:include decl:)@]
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -18
-
-
-
- 5
- 2
- `#include <
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -76
-
-
- 2
- >
(:include
- 1
-
- 0
-
- -76
-
-
- 2
- synopsis:)
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -19
-
-
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boost
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boost
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+
+
+ error_info free function
@@ -16447,6 +16474,15 @@
-25
+ exception_ptr free function
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -26
+
+
noalso noindex tutorial
@@ -16456,7 +16492,16 @@
-27
- noalso noindex tutorial
+ noindex
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -28
+
+
+ type
@@ -16465,7 +16510,7 @@
-29
-
+ error_info_instance noalso type
@@ -16476,24 +16521,6 @@
exception_ptr
-
-
- 0
-
- -31
-
-
- error_info_instance noalso type
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -32
-
-
- function
-
0
@@ -16507,19 +16534,19 @@
0
- -35
+ -34
- exception_ptr free function
+
0
- -36
+ -35
- free function
+ noindex tutorial
@@ -16528,7 +16555,7 @@
-37
- error_info_instance noalso type
+ noindex tutorial
@@ -16539,33 +16566,6 @@
-
-
- 0
-
- -39
-
-
- noalso noindex tutorial
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -40
-
-
-
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -42
-
-
- diagnostic_information tutorial
-
0
@@ -16575,15 +16575,6 @@
-
-
- 0
-
- -44
-
-
-
-
0
@@ -16591,16 +16582,16 @@
-46
- exception_ptr type
+ function member
0
- -48
+ -47
- error_info
+ error_info free function
@@ -16609,16 +16600,7 @@
-49
- error_info_instance noalso type
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -50
-
-
- noindex
+ exception_ptr type
@@ -16627,7 +16609,16 @@
-51
- diagnostic_information free function
+ tutorial
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -52
+
+
+
@@ -16636,13 +16627,13 @@
-53
- function
+ type
0
- -54
+ -55
type
@@ -16654,7 +16645,7 @@
-56
- error_info
+ type
@@ -16663,31 +16654,13 @@
-57
- function member
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -60
-
-
0
- -61
-
-
- function member
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -62
+ -59
type
@@ -16696,16 +16669,25 @@
0
- -63
+ -60
- free function
+ function
0
- -64
+ -61
+
+
+ diagnostic_information free function
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -62
error_info_instance noalso type
@@ -16714,19 +16696,37 @@
0
- -65
+ -63
- tutorial
+ error_info free function
0
- -67
+ -65
- error_info free function
+ noalso noindex tutorial
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -66
+
+
+ error_info_instance noalso type
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -68
+
+
+ error_info
@@ -16735,7 +16735,7 @@
-69
- noindex tutorial
+ diagnostic_information tutorial
@@ -16744,31 +16744,13 @@
-70
- tutorial
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -71
-
-
exception_ptr free function
0
- -72
-
-
- error_info free function
-
-
-
- 0
-
- -73
+ -71
function
@@ -16780,16 +16762,34 @@
-74
+ macro
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -76
+
+
error_info_instance noalso type
0
- -75
+ -77
- macro
+ tutorial
+
+
+
+ 0
+
+ -78
+
+
+ noindex
@@ -16798,7 +16798,7 @@
-79
- type
+ error_info_instance noalso type
@@ -16807,7 +16807,7 @@
-80
- error_info free function
+ exception_ptr free function
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/all.hpp b/include/boost/exception/all.hpp
index a93b3a8..9ffe42a 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/all.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/all.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_316FDA946C0D11DEA9CBAE5255D89593
#define UUID_316FDA946C0D11DEA9CBAE5255D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -28,4 +30,7 @@
#include
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/current_exception_cast.hpp b/include/boost/exception/current_exception_cast.hpp
index e7acc48..af2f153 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/current_exception_cast.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/current_exception_cast.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_7E83C166200811DE885E826156D89593
#define UUID_7E83C166200811DE885E826156D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
namespace
boost
@@ -35,4 +37,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/detail/error_info_impl.hpp b/include/boost/exception/detail/error_info_impl.hpp
index 6ce8890..32113b1 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/detail/error_info_impl.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/detail/error_info_impl.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_CE6983AC753411DDA764247956D89593
#define UUID_CE6983AC753411DDA764247956D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
@@ -34,10 +36,6 @@ boost
};
}
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable:4512) //assignment operator could not be generated
-#endif
template
class
error_info:
@@ -69,9 +67,9 @@ boost
value_type value_;
};
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(pop)
-#endif
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/detail/exception_ptr.hpp b/include/boost/exception/detail/exception_ptr.hpp
index b9d7360..78db17c 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/detail/exception_ptr.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/detail/exception_ptr.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_618474C2DE1511DEB74A388C56D89593
#define UUID_618474C2DE1511DEB74A388C56D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#ifdef BOOST_NO_EXCEPTIONS
@@ -482,4 +484,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/detail/is_output_streamable.hpp b/include/boost/exception/detail/is_output_streamable.hpp
index 2212f2e..5eb1695 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/detail/is_output_streamable.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/detail/is_output_streamable.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_898984B4076411DD973EDFA055D89593
#define UUID_898984B4076411DD973EDFA055D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
@@ -39,4 +41,7 @@ boost
};
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/detail/object_hex_dump.hpp b/include/boost/exception/detail/object_hex_dump.hpp
index aff0c6c..ccf1bac 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/detail/object_hex_dump.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/detail/object_hex_dump.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_6F463AC838DF11DDA3E6909F56D89593
#define UUID_6F463AC838DF11DDA3E6909F56D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -42,4 +44,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/detail/type_info.hpp b/include/boost/exception/detail/type_info.hpp
index 67bbebd..60709a1 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/detail/type_info.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/detail/type_info.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_C3E1741C754311DDB2834CCA55D89593
#define UUID_C3E1741C754311DDB2834CCA55D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -44,92 +46,34 @@ boost
namespace
exception_detail
{
-#ifdef BOOST_NO_TYPEID
struct
type_info_
{
- detail::sp_typeinfo const * type_;
- char const * name_;
-
- explicit
- type_info_( detail::sp_typeinfo const & type, char const * name ):
- type_(&type),
- name_(name)
- {
- }
-
- friend
- bool
- operator==( type_info_ const & a, type_info_ const & b )
- {
- return (*a.type_)==(*b.type_);
- }
-
- friend
- bool
- operator<( type_info_ const & a, type_info_ const & b )
- {
- return 0!=(a.type_->before(*b.type_));
- }
-
- char const *
- name() const
- {
- return name_;
- }
- };
-#else
- struct
- type_info_
- {
- detail::sp_typeinfo const * type_;
+ detail::sp_typeinfo const & type_;
explicit
type_info_( detail::sp_typeinfo const & type ):
- type_(&type)
+ type_(type)
{
}
- type_info_( detail::sp_typeinfo const & type, char const * ):
- type_(&type)
- {
- }
-
- friend
- bool
- operator==( type_info_ const & a, type_info_ const & b )
- {
- return (*a.type_)==(*b.type_);
- }
-
friend
bool
operator<( type_info_ const & a, type_info_ const & b )
{
- return 0!=(a.type_->before(*b.type_));
- }
-
- char const *
- name() const
- {
- return type_->name();
+ return 0!=(a.type_.before(b.type_));
}
};
-#endif
-
- inline
- bool
- operator!=( type_info_ const & a, type_info_ const & b )
- {
- return !(a==b);
- }
}
}
-#define BOOST_EXCEPTION_STATIC_TYPEID(T) ::boost::exception_detail::type_info_(BOOST_SP_TYPEID(T),::boost::tag_type_name())
+#define BOOST_EXCEPTION_STATIC_TYPEID(T) ::boost::exception_detail::type_info_(BOOST_SP_TYPEID(T))
#ifndef BOOST_NO_RTTI
#define BOOST_EXCEPTION_DYNAMIC_TYPEID(x) ::boost::exception_detail::type_info_(typeid(x))
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/diagnostic_information.hpp b/include/boost/exception/diagnostic_information.hpp
index 0023f85..632a5a3 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/diagnostic_information.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/diagnostic_information.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_0552D49838DD11DD90146B8956D89593
#define UUID_0552D49838DD11DD90146B8956D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -49,27 +51,33 @@ boost
namespace
exception_detail
{
- template
- struct
- is_convertible_to_boost_exception
+ inline
+ exception const *
+ get_boost_exception( exception const * e )
{
- struct yes { char q[100]; };
- typedef char no;
- static yes check(exception const *);
- static no check(...);
- enum e { value=sizeof(check((T*)0))==sizeof(yes) };
- };
+ return e;
+ }
- template
- struct
- is_convertible_to_std_exception
+ inline
+ exception const *
+ get_boost_exception( ... )
{
- struct yes { char q[100]; };
- typedef char no;
- static yes check(std::exception const *);
- static no check(...);
- enum e { value = sizeof(check((T*)0))==sizeof(yes) };
- };
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ inline
+ std::exception const *
+ get_std_exception( std::exception const * e )
+ {
+ return e;
+ }
+
+ inline
+ std::exception const *
+ get_std_exception( ... )
+ {
+ return 0;
+ }
inline
char const *
@@ -127,7 +135,7 @@ boost
}
#ifndef BOOST_NO_RTTI
tmp << std::string("Dynamic exception type: ") <<
- (be?BOOST_EXCEPTION_DYNAMIC_TYPEID(*be):BOOST_EXCEPTION_DYNAMIC_TYPEID(*se)).name() << '\n';
+ (be?BOOST_EXCEPTION_DYNAMIC_TYPEID(*be):BOOST_EXCEPTION_DYNAMIC_TYPEID(*se)).type_.name() << '\n';
#endif
if( with_what && se )
tmp << "std::exception::what: " << wh << '\n';
@@ -143,9 +151,7 @@ boost
std::string
diagnostic_information( T const & e )
{
- boost::exception const * be=exception_detail::is_convertible_to_boost_exception::value?((boost::exception const *)&e):0;
- std::exception const * se=exception_detail::is_convertible_to_std_exception::value?((std::exception const *)&e):0;
- return exception_detail::diagnostic_information_impl(be,se,true);
+ return exception_detail::diagnostic_information_impl(exception_detail::get_boost_exception(&e),exception_detail::get_std_exception(&e),true);
}
inline
@@ -170,4 +176,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/errinfo_errno.hpp b/include/boost/exception/errinfo_errno.hpp
index 129aaf9..ea74010 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/errinfo_errno.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/errinfo_errno.hpp
@@ -5,20 +5,17 @@
#ifndef UUID_F0EE17BE6C1211DE87FF459155D89593
#define UUID_F0EE17BE6C1211DE87FF459155D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include "boost/exception/info.hpp"
#include
#include
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable:4996) //'strerror': This function or variable may be unsafe
-#endif
-
namespace
boost
{
@@ -41,8 +38,7 @@ boost
}
}
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(pop)
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
#endif
-
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/exception.hpp b/include/boost/exception/exception.hpp
index 3caca51..79b2739 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/exception.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/exception.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_274DA366004E11DCB1DDFE2E56D89593
#define UUID_274DA366004E11DCB1DDFE2E56D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
namespace
boost
@@ -370,10 +372,6 @@ boost
{
}
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable:4512) //assignment operator could not be generated
-#endif
template
class
clone_impl:
@@ -407,9 +405,6 @@ boost
throw*this;
}
};
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#pragma warning(pop)
-#endif
}
template
@@ -421,4 +416,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/get_error_info.hpp b/include/boost/exception/get_error_info.hpp
index b7685ef..046f05a 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/get_error_info.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/get_error_info.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_1A590226753311DD9E4CCF6156D89593
#define UUID_1A590226753311DD9E4CCF6156D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -122,4 +124,7 @@ boost
#endif
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/info.hpp b/include/boost/exception/info.hpp
index f2427d6..cbbc2c0 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/info.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/info.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_8D22C4CA9CC811DCAA9133D256D89593
#define UUID_8D22C4CA9CC811DCAA9133D256D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ boost
{
shared_ptr const & p = i->second;
#ifndef BOOST_NO_RTTI
- BOOST_ASSERT( BOOST_EXCEPTION_DYNAMIC_TYPEID(*p)==ti );
+ BOOST_ASSERT( BOOST_EXCEPTION_DYNAMIC_TYPEID(*p).type_==ti.type_ );
#endif
return p;
}
@@ -159,4 +161,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/info_tuple.hpp b/include/boost/exception/info_tuple.hpp
index a1b81ac..34afe42 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/info_tuple.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/info_tuple.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_63EE924290FB11DC87BB856555D89593
#define UUID_63EE924290FB11DC87BB856555D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -68,4 +70,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/to_string.hpp b/include/boost/exception/to_string.hpp
index b211e48..59bf83d 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/to_string.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/to_string.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_7E48761AD92811DC9011477D56D89593
#define UUID_7E48761AD92811DC9011477D56D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -75,4 +77,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/include/boost/exception/to_string_stub.hpp b/include/boost/exception/to_string_stub.hpp
index 08e6c36..e41d369 100644
--- a/include/boost/exception/to_string_stub.hpp
+++ b/include/boost/exception/to_string_stub.hpp
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
#ifndef UUID_E788439ED9F011DCB181F25B55D89593
#define UUID_E788439ED9F011DCB181F25B55D89593
-
#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(push,1)
+#endif
#include
#include
@@ -101,4 +103,7 @@ boost
}
}
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(BOOST_EXCEPTION_ENABLE_WARNINGS)
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
#endif
diff --git a/test/1-throw_exception_test.cpp b/test/1-throw_exception_test.cpp
index 02e6b3b..5106e86 100644
--- a/test/1-throw_exception_test.cpp
+++ b/test/1-throw_exception_test.cpp
@@ -7,9 +7,6 @@
#include
#include
-#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
-#pragma warning(disable:4702) //unreachable code
-#endif
class my_exception: public std::exception { };
diff --git a/test/3-throw_exception_no_integration_test.cpp b/test/3-throw_exception_no_integration_test.cpp
index 706b40d..6fa78f5 100644
--- a/test/3-throw_exception_no_integration_test.cpp
+++ b/test/3-throw_exception_no_integration_test.cpp
@@ -7,11 +7,6 @@
#include
#include
-#include
-#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
-#pragma warning(disable:4702) //unreachable code
-#endif
-
class my_exception: public std::exception { };
int
diff --git a/test/Jamfile.v2 b/test/Jamfile.v2
index 35304dd..996bea6 100644
--- a/test/Jamfile.v2
+++ b/test/Jamfile.v2
@@ -7,11 +7,7 @@
import testing ;
-project
- : requirements
- on
- all
- ;
+project : requirements on ;
#to_string
diff --git a/test/cloning_test.cpp b/test/cloning_test.cpp
index cc490bc..77abbe3 100644
--- a/test/cloning_test.cpp
+++ b/test/cloning_test.cpp
@@ -10,11 +10,6 @@
#include
#include
-#include
-#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
-#pragma warning(disable:4512) //assignment operator could not be generated
-#endif
-
typedef boost::error_info my_info;
template
diff --git a/test/errinfos_test.cpp b/test/errinfos_test.cpp
index 992a1a7..c8db595 100644
--- a/test/errinfos_test.cpp
+++ b/test/errinfos_test.cpp
@@ -17,11 +17,6 @@
#include
#include
-#include
-#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
-#pragma warning(disable:4702) //unreachable code
-#endif
-
struct
test_exception:
virtual boost::exception,
diff --git a/test/error_info_test.cpp b/test/error_info_test.cpp
index 8f6d430..d152caa 100644
--- a/test/error_info_test.cpp
+++ b/test/error_info_test.cpp
@@ -8,12 +8,6 @@
#include
#include
-#include
-#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
-#pragma warning(disable:4702) //unreachable code
-#pragma warning(disable:4512) //assignment operator could not be generated
-#endif
-
struct throws_on_copy;
struct non_printable { };
diff --git a/test/no_exceptions_test.cpp b/test/no_exceptions_test.cpp
index 568a003..bbabcfc 100644
--- a/test/no_exceptions_test.cpp
+++ b/test/no_exceptions_test.cpp
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
#include
#include
#include
-#include
struct
my_exception:
diff --git a/test/throw_exception_test.cpp b/test/throw_exception_test.cpp
index 9a7b04c..37ecef9 100644
--- a/test/throw_exception_test.cpp
+++ b/test/throw_exception_test.cpp
@@ -9,11 +9,6 @@
#include
#include
-#include
-#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
-#pragma warning(disable:4702) //unreachable code
-#endif
-
typedef boost::error_info test_data;
struct
@@ -45,7 +40,7 @@ boost_throw_exception_test()
int const * line=boost::get_error_info(x);
BOOST_TEST( file && *file );
BOOST_TEST( function && *function );
- BOOST_TEST( line && *line==37 );
+ BOOST_TEST( line && *line==32 );
}
catch(
... )
@@ -66,7 +61,7 @@ boost_throw_exception_test()
int const * data=boost::get_error_info(x);
BOOST_TEST( file && *file );
BOOST_TEST( function && *function );
- BOOST_TEST( line && *line==57 );
+ BOOST_TEST( line && *line==52 );
BOOST_TEST( data && *data==42 );
}
catch(