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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<head>
<title>Boost.Function Reference Manual</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080">
<h1><IMG SRC="../../../c++boost.gif" WIDTH="276" HEIGHT="86">Boost.Function Reference Manual</h1>
<h2><a name="header">Header <code>&lt;<a href="../../../boost/function.hpp">boost/function.hpp</a>&gt;</code> synopsis</a></h2>
<p> Here <code><i>MAX_ARGS</i></code> is an implementation-defined constant that defines the maximum number of function arguments supported by Boost.Function and will be at least 10. The <code><i>MAX_ARGS</i></code> constant referred to in this document need not have any direct representation in the library.
<pre>
<b>namespace</b> boost {
<b>class</b> <a href="#function_base">function_base</a>
{
<b>typedef</b> <em>implementation-defined</em> safe_bool;
<a href="#empty"><b>bool</b> empty() <b>const</b></a>;
<a href="#bool"><b>operator</b> safe_bool() <b>const</b></a>;
<a href="#not">safe_bool <b>operator!</b>() <b>const</b></a>;
};
// For <i>N</i> in [0, <i>MAX_ARGS</i>]
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> ResultType,
<b>typename</b> Arg1,
<b>typename</b> Arg2,
<i>...</i>
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>N</i>,
<b>typename</b> Policy = empty_function_policy,
<b>typename</b> Mixin = empty_function_mixin,
<b>typename</b> Allocator = std::allocator&lt;function_base&gt; &gt;
<b>class</b> <a href="#functionN">function<i>N</i></a> : <b>public</b> <a href="#function_base">function_base</a>, <b>public</b> Mixin
{
<b>typedef</b> ResultType result_type;
<b>typedef</b> Policy policy_type;
<b>typedef</b> Mixin mixin_type;
<b>typedef</b> Allocator allocator_type;
<b>typedef</b> Arg1 argument_type; <i>// If N == 1</i>
<b>typedef</b> Arg1 first_argument_type; <i>// If N == 2</i>
<b>typedef</b> Arg2 second_argument_type; <i>// If N == 2</i>
<i>// Construction</i>
<a href="#functionN_default"><b>explicit</b> function<i>N</i>(<b>const</b> Mixin<b>&amp;</b> = Mixin())</a>;
<a href="#functionN_copy">function<i>N</i>(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b>)</a>;
<a href="#functionN_target"><b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; function<i>N</i>(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b>, <b>const</b> Mixin<b>&amp;</b> = Mixin())</a>;
<i>// Assignment</i>
<a href="#functionN_copy_assn">function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> <b>operator</b>=(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b>)</a>;
<a href="#functionN_target_assn"><b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> <b>operator</b>=(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b>)</a>;
<a href="#functionN_copy_set"><b>void</b> set(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b>)</a>;
<a href="#functionN_target_set"><b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; <b>void</b> set(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b>)</a>;
<a href="#functionN_swap"><b>void</b> swap(function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b>)</a>;
<a href="#functionN_clear"><b>void</b> clear()</a>;
<i>// Invocation</i>
<a href="#functionN_call_const">result_type <b>operator</b>()(Arg1 a1, Arg2 a2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>N</i> a<i>N</i>) <b>const</b></a>;
};
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> ResultType,
<b>typename</b> Arg1,
<b>typename</b> Arg2,
<i>...</i>
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>N</i>,
<b>typename</b> Policy,
<b>typename</b> Mixin,
<b>typename</b> Allocator&gt;
<b>void</b> <a href="#swap_functionN">swap</a>(<b>const</b> function<em>N</em>&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>N</i>, Policy, Mixin, Allocator&gt;<b>&amp;</b>,
<b>const</b> function<em>N</em>&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>N</i>, Policy, Mixin, Allocator&gt;<b>&amp;</b>);
// For any <i>N</i> in [0, <i>MAX_ARGS</i>]
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> ResultType,
<b>typename</b> Arg1,
<b>typename</b> Arg2,
<i>...</i>
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>N</i>,
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>N+1</i> = <i>implementation-defined</i>,
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>N+2</i> = <i>implementation-defined</i>,
<i>...</i>
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>MAX_ARGS</i> = <i>implementation-defined</i>&gt;
<b>class</b> <a href="#function">function</a> : <b>public</b> <a href="#functionN">function<i>N</i></a>&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>N</i>&gt;
{
<i>// Construction</i>
function();
function(<b>const</b> function<b>&amp;</b>);
function<i>N</i>(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b>);
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; function<i>N</i>(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b>);
<i>// Assignment</i>
function<b>&amp;</b> <b>operator</b>=(<b>const</b> function<b>&amp;</b>);
function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> <b>operator</b>=(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b>);
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; function<b>&amp;</b> <b>operator</b>=(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b>);
<b>void</b> set(<b>const</b> function<b>&amp;</b>);
<b>void</b> set(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b>);
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; <b>void</b> set(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b>);
};
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> ResultType,
<b>typename</b> Arg1,
<b>typename</b> Arg2,
<i>...</i>
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>MAX_ARGS</i>&gt;
<b>void</b> <a href="#swap_function">swap</a>(<b>const</b> function&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>MAX_ARGS</i>&gt;<b>&amp;</b>,
<b>const</b> function&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>MAX_ARGS</i>&gt;<b>&amp;</b>);
}
</pre>
<h2>Definitions</h2>
<p>
<ul>
<li><a name="compatible"></a>A function object <code>f</code> is <em>compatible</em> if for the given set of argument types <code>Arg1</code>, <code>Arg2</code>, ..., <code>Arg<em>N</em></code> and a return type <code>ResultType</code>, the appropriate following function is well-formed:
<pre>
<em>// if ResultType is not <b>void</b></em>
ResultType foo(Arg1 arg1, Arg2 arg2, ..., Arg<em>N</em> arg<em>N</em>)
{
<b>return</b> f(arg1, arg2, ..., arg<em>N</em>);
}
<em>// if ResultType is <b>void</b></em>
ResultType foo(Arg1 arg1, Arg2 arg2, ..., Arg<em>N</em> arg<em>N</em>)
{
f(arg1, arg2, ..., arg<em>N</em>);
}
</pre>
<p> A special provision is made for pointers to member functions. Though they are not function objects, Boost.Function will adapt them internally to function objects. This requires that a pointer to member function of the form <code>R (X::*mf)(Arg1, Arg2, ..., Arg<em>N</em>) <em>cv-quals</em></code> be adapted to a function object with the following function call operator overloads:
<pre>
R <b>operator</b>()(<em>cv-quals</em> X&amp; x, Arg1 arg1, Arg2 arg2, ..., Arg<em>N</em> arg<em>N</em>) <b>const</b>
{
<b>return</b> x.*mf(arg1, arg2, ..., arg<em>N</em>);
}
R <b>operator</b>()(<em>cv-quals</em> X* x, Arg1 arg1, Arg2 arg2, ..., Arg<em>N</em> arg<em>N</em>) <b>const</b>
{
<b>return</b> x->*mf(arg1, arg2, ..., arg<em>N</em>);
}
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename P</b>&gt;
R <b>operator</b>()(<em>cv-quals</em> P&amp; x, Arg1 arg1, Arg2 arg2, ..., Arg<em>N</em> arg<em>N</em>) <b>const</b>
{
<b>return</b> (*x).*mf(arg1, arg2, ..., arg<em>N</em>);
}
</pre>
</ul>
<h2><a name="function_base">Class <code>function_base</code></a></h2>
<p> Class <code>function_base</code> is the common base class for all Boost.Function objects. Objects of type <code>function_base</code> may not be created directly.
<p> <a name="empty"><code><b>bool</b> empty() <b>const</b></code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Returns</b>: <code>true</code> if the function object has a target, <code>false</code> otherwise.</li>
<li><b>Throws</b>: will not throw.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="bool"><code><b>operator</b> safe_bool() <b>const</b></code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Returns</b>: <code>safe_bool</code> equivalent of <code>!<a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code></li>
<li><b>Throws</b>: will not throw.</li>
<li><b>Notes</b>: The <code>safe_bool</code> type can be used in contexts where a <b>bool</b> is expected (e.g., an <b>if</b> condition); however, implicit conversions (e.g., to <b>int</b>) that can occur with <b>bool</b> are not allowed, eliminating some sources of user error.
</ul>
<p> <a name="not"><code>safe_bool <b>operator!</b>() <b>const</b></code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Returns</b>: <code>safe_bool</code> equivalent of <code><a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code></li>
<li><b>Throws</b>: will not throw.</li>
<li><b>Notes</b>: See <a href="#bool"><code>safe_bool</code> conversion</a>
</ul>
<h2><a name="functionN">Class template <code>function<i>N</i></code></a></h2>
<p> Class template <code>function<i>N</i></code> is actually a family of related classes <code>function0</code>, <code>function1</code>, etc., up to some implementation-defined maximum. In this context, <code><i>N</i></code> refers to the number of parameters and <code>f</code> refers to the implicit object parameter.
<p> <a name="functionN_default"><code><b>explicit</b> function<i>N</i>(<b>const</b> Mixin<b>&amp;</b> = Mixin());</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Effects</b>: Constructs the <code>Mixin</code> subobject with the given mixin.</li>
<li><b>Postconditions</b>: <code>f.<a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code>.</li>
<li><b>Throws</b>: will not throw.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_copy"><code>function<i>N</i>(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> g);</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Postconditions</b>: <code>f</code> contains a copy of the <code>g</code>'s target, if it has one, or is empty if <code>g.<a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code>. The mixin for the <code>f</code> is copy-constructed from the mixin of <code>g</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_target"><code><b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; function<i>N</i>(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b> g, <b>const</b> Mixin<b>&amp;</b> = Mixin());</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Requires</b>: <code>g</code> is a <a href="#compatible">compatible</a> function object.</li>
<li><b>Effects</b>: Constructs the <code>Mixin</code> subobject from the given mixin.</li>
<li><b>Postconditions</b>: <code>f</code> targets a copy of <code>g</code> if <code>g</code> is nonempty, or <code>f.<a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code> if <code>g</code> is empty.</li>
<li><b>Rationale</b>: <code>g</code> is a reference-to-<code><b>const</b></code> because it is a portable, efficient, and concise way to accept any function object or function pointer. In the case of a function pointer, the type of <code>g</code> is reference-to-<code><b>const</b></code> pointer-to-function.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_copy_assn"><code>function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> <b>operator</b>=(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> g);</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Postconditions</b>: <code>f</code> targets a copy of <code>g</code>'s target, if it has one, or is empty if <code>g.<a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code>. The mixin for <code>f</code> is assigned the value of the mixin for <code>g</code>.</li>
<li><b>Returns</b>: <code>*this</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_target_assn"><code><b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> <b>operator</b>=(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b> g);</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Requires</b>: <code>g</code> is a <a href="#compatible">compatible</a> function object.</li>
<li><b>Postconditions</b>: <code>f</code> targets a copy of <code>g</code> if <code>g</code> is nonempty, or <code>f.<a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code> if <code>g</code> is empty.</li>
<li><b>Returns</b>: <code>*this</code>.</li>
<li><b>Rationale</b>: <code>g</code> is a reference-to-<code><b>const</b></code> because it is a portable, efficient, and concise way to accept any function object or function pointer. In the case of a function pointer, the type of <code>g</code> is reference-to-<code><b>const</b></code> pointer-to-function.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_copy_set"><code><b>void</b> set(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> g);</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Effects</b>: <code><a href="#functionN_copy_assn">*this = g</a></code>.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_target_set"><code><b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> F&gt; <b>void</b> set(<b>const</b> F<b>&amp;</b> g);</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Effects</b>: <code><a href="#functionN_target_assn">*this = g</a></code>.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_swap"><code><b>void</b> swap(function<i>N</i><b>&amp;</b> g);</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Effects</b>: interchanges the targets of <code>f</code> and <code>g</code> and swaps the mixins of <code>f</code> and <code>g</code>.</li>
<li><b>Throws</b>: will not throw.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_clear"><code><b>void</b> clear(); </code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Effects</b>: If <code>!<a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code>, deallocates current target.</li>
<li><b>Postconditions</b>: <code><a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code>.</li>
</ul>
<p> <a name="functionN_call_const"><code> result_type <b>operator</b>()(Arg1 a1, Arg2 a2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>N</i> a<i>N</i>) <b>const</b>;</code></a>
<ul>
<li><b>Requires</b>: <code>!<a href="#empty">empty</a>()</code>.</li>
<li><b>Effects</b>: <i>target</i> is the underlying function target. It is not <code><b>const</b></code> or <code><b>volatile</b></code> qualified.
<ol>
<li><code>policy_type policy;</code></li>
<li><code>policy.precall(this);</code></li>
<li><code><i>target</i>(a1, a2, <i>...</i>, a<i>N</i>);</code></li>
<li><code>policy.postcall(this);</code></li>
</ol>
<li><b>Returns</b>: the value returned by <i>target</i>.</li>
</ul>
<h2><a name="function">Class template <code>function</code></a></h2>
<p> Class template <code>function</code> is a thin wrapper around the numbered class templates <code>function0</code>, <code>function1</code>, etc. It accepts up to <i>MAX_ARGS</i> arguments, but when passed <i>N</i> arguments it will derive from <code>function<i>N</i></code> specialized with the arguments it receives.
<p> The semantics of all operations in class template <code>function</code> are equivalent to that of the underlying <code>function<i>N</i></code> object, although additional member functions are required to allow proper copy construction and copy assignment of <code>function</code> objects.
<h2><a name="operations">Operations</a></h2>
<p>
<pre>
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> ResultType,
<b>typename</b> Arg1,
<b>typename</b> Arg2,
<i>...</i>
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>N</i>,
<b>typename</b> Policy,
<b>typename</b> Mixin,
<b>typename</b> Allocator&gt;
<b>void</b> <a name="swap_functionN">swap</a>(<b>const</b> function<i>N</i>&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>N</i>, Policy, Mixin, Allocator&gt;<b>&amp;</b> f,
<b>const</b> function<i>N</i>&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>N</i>, Policy, Mixin, Allocator&gt;<b>&amp;</b> g);
</pre>
<ul>
<li><b>Effects</b>: <code>f.<a href="#functionN_swap">swap</a>(g);</code></li>
</ul>
<p>
<pre>
<b>template</b>&lt;<b>typename</b> ResultType,
<b>typename</b> Arg1,
<b>typename</b> Arg2,
<i>...</i>
<b>typename</b> Arg<i>MAX_ARGS</i>&gt;
<b>void</b> <a name="swap_function">swap</a>(<b>const</b> function&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>MAX_ARGS</i>&gt;<b>&amp;</b> f,
<b>const</b> function&lt;Arg1, Arg2, <i>...</i>, Arg<i>MAX_ARGS</i>&gt;<b>&amp;</b> g);
</pre>
<ul>
<li><b>Effects</b>: <code>f.<a href="#functionN_swap">swap</a>(g);</code></li>
</ul>
<hr>
<address><a href="mailto:gregod@cs.rpi.edu">Douglas Gregor</a></address>
<!-- Created: Fri Jul 13 10:57:20 EDT 2001 -->
<!-- hhmts start -->
Last modified: Sun Oct 28 00:40:55 EDT 2001
<!-- hhmts end -->
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<head>
<title>Boost.Function Tutorial</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080">
<h1><IMG SRC="../../../c++boost.gif" WIDTH="276" HEIGHT="86">Boost.Function Tutorial</h1>
<h2><a name="usage">Basic usage</a></h2>
<p> A function wrapper is defined simply by instantiating the <code>function</code> class template with the desired return type and argument types. Any number of arguments may be supplied, up to some implementation-defined limit (10 is the default maximum). The following declares a function object wrapper <code>f</code> that takes two <code>int</code> parameters and returns a <code>float</code>:
<pre>
boost::<a href="reference.html#function">function</a>&lt;float, int, int&gt; f;
</pre>
<p> By default, function object wrappers are empty, so we can create a
function object to assign to <code>f</code>:
<pre>
struct int_div {
float operator()(int x, int y) const { return ((float)x)/y; };
};
f = int_div();
</pre>
<p> Now we can use <code>f</code> to execute the underlying function object
<code>int_div</code>:
<pre>
std::cout << f(5, 3) << std::endl;
</pre>
<p> We are free to assign any compatible function object to <code>f</code>. If <code>int_div</code> had been declared to take two <code>long</code> operands,
the implicit conversions would have been applied to the arguments without any user interference. The only limit on the types of arguments is that they be CopyConstructible, so we can even use references and arrays:
<pre>
boost::function&lt;void, int[], int, int&, float&&gt; sum_avg;
void do_sum_avg(int values[], int n, int& sum, float&amp; avg)
{
sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
sum += values[i];
avg = (float)sum / n;
}
sum_avg = &do_sum_avg;
</pre>
<p> Invoking a function object wrapper that does not actually contain a function object is a precondition violation, much like trying to call through a null function pointer. We can check for an empty function object wrapper by querying its <code><a href="reference.html#empty">empty</a>()</code> method or, more succinctly, by using it in a boolean context: if it evaluates true, it contains a function object target, i.e.,
<pre>
if (f)
std::cout << f(5, 3) << std::endl;
else
std::cout << "f has no target, so it is unsafe to call" << std::endl;
</pre>
<p> We can clear out a function target using the <code><a href="reference.html#functionN_clear">clear</a>()</code> member function.
<h3>Free functions</h3>
<p> Free function pointers can be considered singleton function objects with const function call operators, and can therefore be directly used with the function object wrappers:
<pre>
float mul_ints(int x, int y) { return ((float)x) * y; }
f = &mul_ints;
</pre>
<h3>Member functions</h3>
<a name="member_func">
<p> In many systems, callbacks often call to member functions of a particular
object. This is often referred to as "argument binding", and is beyond the scope of Boost.Function. The use of member functions directly, however, is supported, so the following code is valid:
<pre>
struct X {
int foo(int);
};
boost::function&lt;int, X*, int&gt; f;
f = &X::foo;
X x;
f(&x, 5);
</pre>
<p> Several libraries exist that support argument binding. Three such libraries are summarized below:
<ul>
<li> <a href="../../bind/bind.html">Boost.Bind</a>. This library allows binding of arguments for any function object. It is lightweight and very portable.</li>
<li> The C++ Standard library. Using <code>std::bind1st</code> and <code>std::mem_fun</code> together one can bind the object of a pointer-to-member function for use with Boost.Function:
<pre>
struct X {
int foo(int);
};
boost::function&lt;int, int&gt; f;
X x;
f = std::bind1st(std::mem_fun(&X::foo), &x);
f(5); // Call x.foo(5)</pre></li>
<li><a href="http://lambda.cs.utu.fi/">The Lambda library</a>. This library provides a powerful composition mechanism to construct function objects that uses very natural C++ syntax. Lambda requires a compiler that is reasonably conformant to the C++ standard. Note that it is not a Boost library.</li>
</ul>
<h2><a name="family">The <code>function</code> family</a></h2>
<p> The header &lt;<a href="../../../boost/function.hpp">boost/function.hpp</a>&gt; defines the primary entry point to the function object wrappers, the class template <code>boost::function</code>. This class template is essentially a thin wrapper around a set of similar numbered function object wrappers, <code>boost::function0</code>, <code>boost::function1</code>, etc., where the number indicates the number of arguments passed to the function object target. The declaration of <code>f</code> above could also be written as:
<pre>
boost::function2&lt;float, int, int&gt; f;
</pre>
<p> The numbered class templates contain most of the implementation and are each distinct class templates. They may be helpful if used in shared libraries, where the number of arguments supported by Boost.Function may change between revisions. Additionally, some compilers (e.g., Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0) have been known to be incapable of compiling <code>boost::function</code> in some instances but are able to handle the numbered variants.
<h2><a name="advanced">Advanced usage</a></h2>
<p> The <code>boost::function</code> family supports additional customization by means of policies, mixins, and allocators. The specific usage of each of these will be explained in later sections, but they share a common problem: how to replace each default with your own version.
<p> With <code>boost::function</code> it is not so clear, because support for an arbitrary number of parameters means that it is impossible to specify just the last parameter, but not 5 of the parameters in between. Therefore, <code>boost::function</code> doubles as a generative interface for the underlying numbered class templates that uses named template parameters. For instance, to specify both a policy and an allocator for a function object wrapper <code>f</code> taking an <code>int</code> and returning an <code>int</code>, use:
<pre>
function&lt;int, int&gt;::policy&lt;MyPolicy&gt;::allocator&lt;MyAllocator&gt;::type f;
</pre>
<p> The named template parameters <code>policy</code>, <code>mixin</code> and <code>allocator</code> each take one template parameter (the replacement class) and may be nested as above to generate a function object wrapper. The <code>::type</code> at the end accesses the actual type that fits the given properties.
<h3><a name="policies">Policies</a></h3>
<p> Policies define what happens directly before and directly after an invocation of a function object target is made. A policy must have two member functions, <code>precall</code> and <code>postcall</code>, each of which must be able to accept a <code>const</code> function object wrapper pointer. The following policy will print "before" prior to execution and "after" afterwards:
<pre>
struct print_policy {
void precall(const boost::function_base*) { std::cout << "before"; }
void postcall(const boost::function_base*) { std::cout << "after"; }
};
</pre>
<p> A new instance of the policy class will be created prior to calling the function object target and will be preserved until after the call has returned. Therefore, for any invocation the <code>precall</code> and <code>postcall</code> will be executed on the same policy class instance; however, policy class instances will not be kept between target invocations.
<p> Policies are further <a href="../../../more/generic_programming.html#policy">described</a> in the Boost discussion on <a href="../../../more/generic_programming.html">generic programming techniques</a>.
<h3><a name="mixins">Mixins</a></h3>
<p> The function object wrappers allow any class to be "mixed in" as a base class. This allows extra members and/or functionality to be included by the user. This can be used, for instance, to overcome the limitations of policies by storing data between invocations in a base class instead of in a <code>static</code> member of a policy class.
<h3><a name="allocators">Allocators</a></h3>
<p> The function object wrappers allow the user to specify a new allocator to handle the cloning of function object targets (when the wrappers are copied). The allocators used are the same as the C++ standard library allocators. The wrappers assume the allocators are stateless, and will create a new instance each time they are used (because they are rebound very often). This shares the semantics of most standard library implementations, and is explicitly allowed by the C++ standard.
<h3><a name="synchronizing">Example: Synchronized callbacks</a></h3>
<p> Synchronization of callbacks in a multithreaded environment is extremely important. Using mixins and policies, a Boost.Function object may implement its own synchronization policy that ensures that only one thread can be in the callback function at any given point in time.
<p> We will use the prototype Boost.Threads library for its <code>recursive_mutex</code>. Since the mutex is on a per-callback basis, we will add a mutex to the <code>boost::function</code> by mixin it in with this mixin class:
<pre>
class SynchronizedMixin {
mutable boost::recursive_mutex mutex;
};
</pre>
<p> Next, we create a policy that obtains a lock before the target is called (via the <code>precall</code> function) and releases the lock after the target has been called (via the <code>postcall</code> function):
<pre>
class SynchronizedPolicy {
std::auto_ptr&lt;boost::recursive_mutex::lock&gt; lock;
void precall(const SynchronizedMixin* f)
{
lock.reset(new boost::recursive_mutex::lock(f->mutex));
}
void postcall(const SynchronizedMixin* f)
{
lock.reset();
}
};
</pre>
<p>The use of <code>std::auto_ptr</code> ensures that the lock will be destroyed (and therefore released) if an exception is thrown by the target function. Now we can use the policy and mixin together to create a synchronized callback:
<pre>
boost::function2&lt;float, int, int, SynchronizedPolicy, SynchronizedMixin&gt; f;
</pre>
<hr>
<address><a href="mailto:gregod@cs.rpi.edu">Douglas Gregor</a></address>
<!-- Created: Fri Jul 13 12:47:11 EDT 2001 -->
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Last modified: Sun Oct 28 00:49:02 EDT 2001
<!-- hhmts end -->
</body>
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@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
// Boost.Function library examples
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
// provided this copyright notice appears in all copies.
// Permission to modify the code and to distribute modified code is granted
// provided this copyright notice appears in all copies, and a notice
// that the code was modified is included with the copyright notice.
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/function.hpp>
struct int_div {
float operator()(int x, int y) const { return ((float)x)/y; };
};
int
main()
{
boost::function<float, int, int> f;
f = int_div();
std::cout << f(5, 3) << std::endl; // 1.66667
return 0;
}

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@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
// Boost.Function library examples
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
// provided this copyright notice appears in all copies.
// Permission to modify the code and to distribute modified code is granted
// provided this copyright notice appears in all copies, and a notice
// that the code was modified is included with the copyright notice.
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/function.hpp>
void do_sum_avg(int values[], int n, int& sum, float& avg)
{
sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
sum += values[i];
avg = (float)sum / n;
}
int
main()
{
boost::function<void, int[], int, int&, float&> sum_avg;
sum_avg = &do_sum_avg;
int values[5] = { 1, 1, 2, 3, 5 };
int sum;
float avg;
sum_avg(values, 5, sum, avg);
std::cout << "sum = " << sum << std::endl;
std::cout << "avg = " << avg << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080">
<h1><IMG SRC="../../../c++boost.gif" WIDTH="276" HEIGHT="86">boost::function Frequently Asked Questions</h1>
<h1><IMG SRC="../../c++boost.gif" WIDTH="276" HEIGHT="86">boost::function Frequently Asked Questions</h1>
<h2>Q: I see void pointers; is this [mess] type safe?</h2>
<p>Yes, <code>boost::function</code> is type safe even though it uses void pointers and pointers to functions returning void and taking no arguments. Essentially, all type information is encoded in the functions that manage and invoke function pointers and function objects. Only these functions are instantiated with the exact type that is pointed to by the void pointer or pointer to void function. The reason that both are required is that one may cast between void pointers and object pointers safely or between different types of function pointers (provided you don't invoke a function pointer with the wrong type).
@ -34,11 +34,14 @@ void g() { return f(); }
<h2>Q: Why (function) cloning? </h2>
<p> In November and December of 2000, the issue of cloning vs. reference counting was debated at length and it was decided that cloning gave more predictable semantics. I won't rehash the discussion here, but if it cloning is incorrect for a particular application a reference-counting allocator could be used.
<h2>Q: How do I assign from a member function?</h2>
<p> Member function assignments are not included directly in <code>boost::function</code> because they do not conform to the syntax of function objects. Several libraries exist to wrap member functions in a function object and/or bind the first argument to the member function (the <code>this</code> pointer). A few libraries are <a href="index.html#member_func>described</a> in the <a href="index.html">Boost.Function</a> documentation.
<hr>
<address><a href="mailto:gregod@cs.rpi.edu">Doug Gregor</a></address>
<!-- Created: Fri Feb 16 09:30:41 EST 2001 -->
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Last modified: Wed Nov 7 15:11:52 EST 2001
Last modified: Sun Jun 17 10:06:31 EDT 2001
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@ -456,65 +456,56 @@ namespace boost {
function() : base_type() {}
template<typename Functor>
function(const Functor& f) : base_type(f) {}
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
template<typename Functor> function(Functor* f) : base_type(f) {}
#endif // __BORLANDC__
function(const self_type& f) : base_type(static_cast<const base_type&>(f)){}
template<typename Functor>
function& operator=(const Functor& f)
{
self_type(f).swap(*this);
return *this;
}
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
template<typename Functor>
self_type& operator=(Functor* f)
{
self_type(f).swap(*this);
return *this;
}
#endif // __BORLANDC__
self_type& operator=(const base_type& f)
{
self_type(f).swap(*this);
return *this;
}
self_type& operator=(const self_type& f)
function(Functor BOOST_MSVC_INCLUDE(const &) f) : base_type(f) {}
function(const function& f) : base_type(static_cast<const base_type&>(f)){}
function& operator=(const function& f)
{
self_type(f).swap(*this);
if (this == &f)
return *this;
const base_type& bf = static_cast<const base_type&>(f);
base_type* self = this;
self->set(bf);
return *this;
}
template<typename Functor>
void set(const Functor& f)
void set(const function& f)
{
self_type(f).swap(*this);
}
if (this == &f)
return;
#ifdef __BORLANDC__
template<typename Functor>
void set(Functor* f)
{
self_type(f).swap(*this);
}
#endif // __BORLANDC__
void set(const base_type& f)
{
self_type(f).swap(*this);
}
void set(const self_type& f)
{
self_type(f).swap(*this);
const base_type& bf = static_cast<const base_type&>(f);
base_type* self = this;
self->set(bf);
}
void swap(function& other)
{
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_USE_VIRTUAL_FUNCTIONS
std::swap(this->manager, other.manager);
std::swap(this->functor, other.functor);
std::swap(this->invoker, other.invoker);
#else
std::swap(this->impl, other.impl);
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_USE_VIRTUAL_FUNCTIONS
}
#ifdef BOOST_NO_DEPENDENT_BASE_LOOKUP
template<typename Functor>
function& operator=(Functor BOOST_MSVC_INCLUDE(const &) f)
{
this->set(f);
return *this;
}
base_type& operator=(const base_type& f)
{
this->set(f);
return *this;
}
#endif // BOOST_NO_DEPENDENT_BASE_LOOKUP
};
template<typename R,

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION0_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION0_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION0_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION0_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker0
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION0_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION0_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION1_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION1_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION1_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION1_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker1
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION1_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION1_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION10_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION10_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION10_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION10_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7, T8 a8, T9 a9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7, T8 a8, T9 a9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9, typename T10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2, typename OtherT3, typename OtherT4, typename OtherT5, typename OtherT6, typename OtherT7, typename OtherT8, typename OtherT9, typename OtherT10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2, OtherT3, OtherT4, OtherT5, OtherT6, OtherT7, OtherT8, OtherT9, OtherT10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7, T8 a8, T9 a9, T10 a10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker10
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker10
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION10_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION10_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION2_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION2_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION2_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION2_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker2
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION2_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION2_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION3_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION3_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION3_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION3_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1, typename T2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1, T2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1, a2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1, a2
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2, typename T3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2, T3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2, typename OtherT3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2, OtherT3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2, a3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker3
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION3_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION3_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION4_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION4_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION4_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION4_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1, T2, T3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1, a2, a3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1, a2, a3
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2, T3, T4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2, typename OtherT3, typename OtherT4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2, OtherT3, OtherT4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker4
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION4_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION4_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION5_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION5_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION5_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION5_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1, T2, T3, T4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1, a2, a3, a4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2, T3, T4, T5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2, typename OtherT3, typename OtherT4, typename OtherT5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2, OtherT3, OtherT4, OtherT5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker5
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION5_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION5_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION6_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION6_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION6_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION6_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2, typename OtherT3, typename OtherT4, typename OtherT5, typename OtherT6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2, OtherT3, OtherT4, OtherT5, OtherT6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker6
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION6_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION6_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION7_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION7_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION7_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION7_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2, typename OtherT3, typename OtherT4, typename OtherT5, typename OtherT6, typename OtherT7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2, OtherT3, OtherT4, OtherT5, OtherT6, OtherT7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker7
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION7_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION7_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION8_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION8_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION8_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION8_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7, typename T8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2, typename OtherT3, typename OtherT4, typename OtherT5, typename OtherT6, typename OtherT7, typename OtherT8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2, OtherT3, OtherT4, OtherT5, OtherT6, OtherT7, OtherT8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7, T8 a8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker8
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION8_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION8_HPP

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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
// Boost.Function library
//
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
@ -10,28 +10,48 @@
//
// This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION9_HEADER
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION9_HEADER
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION9_HPP
#define BOOST_FUNCTION9_HPP
#include <boost/function/function_base.hpp>
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS 9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T0, typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7, typename T8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7, T8 a8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7, T8 a8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA ,
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5, typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS typename OtherT1, typename OtherT2, typename OtherT3, typename OtherT4, typename OtherT5, typename OtherT6, typename OtherT7, typename OtherT8, typename OtherT9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS OtherT1, OtherT2, OtherT3, OtherT4, OtherT5, OtherT6, OtherT7, OtherT8, OtherT9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3, T4 a4, T5 a5, T6 a6, T7 a7, T8 a8, T9 a9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION function9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE invoker_base9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER function_invoker9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER void_function_invoker9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER function_obj_invoker9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER void_function_obj_invoker9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER get_function_invoker9
#define BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER get_function_obj_invoker9
#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_COMMA
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_OTHER_TEMPLATE_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_INVOKER_BASE
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_VOID_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_INVOKER
#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_GET_FUNCTION_OBJ_INVOKER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION9_HEADER
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION9_HPP

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@ -19,11 +19,16 @@
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <memory>
#include <new>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
// Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0sp5 has lots of quirks
#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
# define BOOST_MSVC_INCLUDE(x) x
#else
# define BOOST_MSVC_INCLUDE(x)
#endif
namespace boost {
namespace detail {
namespace function {
@ -37,7 +42,7 @@ namespace boost {
template<typename Then, typename Else>
struct Result
{
typedef Then type;
typedef Then RET;
};
};
@ -46,28 +51,29 @@ namespace boost {
template<typename Then, typename Else>
struct Result
{
typedef Else type;
typedef Else RET;
};
};
template<bool Condition>
struct Selector
{
typedef SelectThen type;
typedef SelectThen RET;
};
template<>
struct Selector<false>
{
typedef SelectElse type;
typedef SelectElse RET;
};
} // end namespace intimate
template<bool Condition, typename Then, typename Else>
struct IF
{
typedef typename intimate::Selector<Condition>::type select;
typedef typename select::template Result<Then,Else>::type type;
typedef typename intimate::Selector<Condition>::RET select;
typedef typename select::template Result<Then,Else>::RET RET;
typedef RET type;
};
/**
@ -80,11 +86,9 @@ namespace boost {
union any_pointer
{
void* obj_ptr;
const void* const_obj_ptr;
void (*func_ptr)();
explicit any_pointer(void* p) : obj_ptr(p) {}
explicit any_pointer(const void* p) : const_obj_ptr(p) {}
explicit any_pointer(void (*p)()) : func_ptr(p) {}
};
@ -106,36 +110,22 @@ namespace boost {
*/
template<typename T> struct function_return_type { typedef T type; };
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
template<>
struct function_return_type<void>
{
typedef unusable type;
};
#endif /* BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION */
// The operation type to perform on the given functor/function pointer
enum functor_manager_operation_type {
clone_functor_tag,
destroy_functor_tag
};
enum functor_manager_operation_type { clone_functor, destroy_functor };
// Tags used to decide between different types of functions
// Tags used to decide between function and function object pointers.
struct function_ptr_tag {};
struct function_obj_tag {};
struct member_ptr_tag {};
template<typename F>
class get_function_tag
{
typedef typename IF<(is_pointer<F>::value),
function_ptr_tag,
function_obj_tag>::type ptr_or_obj_tag;
public:
typedef typename IF<(is_member_pointer<F>::value),
member_ptr_tag,
ptr_or_obj_tag>::type type;
};
#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_USE_VIRTUAL_FUNCTIONS
/**
* The functor_manager class contains a static function "manage" which
* can clone or destroy the given function/function object pointer.
@ -145,13 +135,20 @@ namespace boost {
{
private:
typedef Functor functor_type;
# ifndef BOOST_NO_STD_ALLOCATOR
typedef typename Allocator::template rebind<functor_type>::other
allocator_type;
typedef typename allocator_type::pointer pointer_type;
# else
typedef functor_type* pointer_type;
# endif // BOOST_NO_STD_ALLOCATOR
// For function pointers, the manager is trivial
static inline any_pointer
manager(any_pointer function_ptr, functor_manager_operation_type op,
function_ptr_tag)
{
if (op == clone_functor_tag)
if (op == clone_functor)
return function_ptr;
else
return any_pointer(static_cast<void (*)()>(0));
@ -164,19 +161,11 @@ namespace boost {
functor_manager_operation_type op,
function_obj_tag)
{
#ifndef BOOST_NO_STD_ALLOCATOR
typedef typename Allocator::template rebind<functor_type>::other
allocator_type;
typedef typename allocator_type::pointer pointer_type;
#else
typedef functor_type* pointer_type;
#endif // BOOST_NO_STD_ALLOCATOR
# ifndef BOOST_NO_STD_ALLOCATOR
allocator_type allocator;
# endif // BOOST_NO_STD_ALLOCATOR
if (op == clone_functor_tag) {
if (op == clone_functor) {
functor_type* f =
static_cast<functor_type*>(function_obj_ptr.obj_ptr);
@ -194,34 +183,40 @@ namespace boost {
}
else {
/* Cast from the void pointer to the functor pointer type */
functor_type* f =
reinterpret_cast<functor_type*>(function_obj_ptr.obj_ptr);
functor_type* f =
reinterpret_cast<functor_type*>(function_obj_ptr.obj_ptr);
# ifndef BOOST_NO_STD_ALLOCATOR
/* Cast from the functor pointer type to the allocator's pointer
type */
pointer_type victim = static_cast<pointer_type>(f);
/* Cast from the functor pointer type to the allocator's pointer
type */
pointer_type victim = static_cast<pointer_type>(f);
// Destroy and deallocate the functor
allocator.destroy(victim);
allocator.deallocate(victim, 1);
// Destroy and deallocate the functor
allocator.destroy(victim);
allocator.deallocate(victim, 1);
# else
delete f;
delete f;
# endif // BOOST_NO_STD_ALLOCATOR
return any_pointer(static_cast<void*>(0));
return any_pointer(static_cast<void*>(0));
}
}
public:
/* Dispatch to an appropriate manager based on whether we have a
function pointer or a function object pointer. */
static any_pointer
manage(any_pointer functor_ptr, functor_manager_operation_type op)
{
typedef typename get_function_tag<functor_type>::type tag_type;
typedef typename IF<(is_pointer<functor_type>::value),
function_ptr_tag,
function_obj_tag>::RET tag_type;
return manager(functor_ptr, op, tag_type());
}
};
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_USE_VIRTUAL_FUNCTIONS
// value=1 if the given type is not "unusable"
template<typename T>
@ -267,6 +262,16 @@ namespace boost {
*/
class function_base
{
#ifdef BOOST_FUNCTION_USE_VIRTUAL_FUNCTIONS
public:
function_base() : impl(0) {}
bool empty() const { return impl == 0; }
protected:
void* impl; // Derived class is responsible for knowing the real type
#else
public:
function_base() : manager(0), functor(static_cast<void*>(0)) {}
@ -278,20 +283,24 @@ namespace boost {
detail::function::any_pointer,
detail::function::functor_manager_operation_type);
detail::function::any_pointer functor;
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_USE_VIRTUAL_FUNCTIONS
#ifndef BOOST_WEAK_CONVERSION_OPERATORS
private:
struct dummy {
void nonnull() {};
};
typedef void (dummy::*safe_bool)();
public:
operator safe_bool () const
{ return (this->empty())? 0 : &dummy::nonnull; }
safe_bool operator!() const
{ return (this->empty())? &dummy::nonnull : 0; }
{
return (this->empty())? 0 : &dummy::nonnull;
}
#else
public:
operator bool() const { return !this->empty(); }
#endif // BOOST_WEAK_CONVERSION_OPERATORS
};
/* Poison comparison between Boost.Function objects (because it is
@ -402,15 +411,8 @@ namespace boost {
inline void postcall(const function_base*) {}
};
// The default function mixin does nothing. The assignment and copy-construction operators
// are all defined because MSVC defines broken versions.
struct empty_function_mixin {
empty_function_mixin() {};
empty_function_mixin(const empty_function_mixin&) {};
empty_function_mixin& operator=(const empty_function_mixin&)
{return *this; }
};
// The default function mixin costs nothing
struct empty_function_mixin {};
}
#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_BASE_HEADER

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

View File

@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
# Boost.Function library
#
# Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
#
# Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted
# provided this copyright notice appears in all copies.
# Permission to modify the code and to distribute modified code is granted
# provided this copyright notice appears in all copies, and a notice
# that the code was modified is included with the copyright notice.
#
# This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty,
# and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
#
# For more information, see http://www.boost.org
use English;
if ($#ARGV < 0) {
print "Usage: perl gen_function_N <number of arguments>\n";
exit;
}
$totalNumArgs = $ARGV[0];
for ($numArgs = 0; $numArgs <= $totalNumArgs; ++$numArgs) {
open OUT, ">function$numArgs.hpp";
print OUT "// Boost.Function library\n";
print OUT "//\n";
print OUT "// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod\@cs.rpi.edu)\n";
print OUT "//\n";
print OUT "// Permission to copy, use, sell and distribute this software is granted\n";
print OUT "// provided this copyright notice appears in all copies.\n";
print OUT "// Permission to modify the code and to distribute modified code is granted\n";
print OUT "// provided this copyright notice appears in all copies, and a notice\n";
print OUT "// that the code was modified is included with the copyright notice.\n";
print OUT "//\n";
print OUT "// This software is provided \"as is\" without express or implied warranty,\n";
print OUT "// and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.\n";
print OUT " \n";
print OUT "// For more information, see http://www.boost.org\n";
print OUT "\n";
print OUT "#ifndef BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION" . $numArgs . "_HEADER\n";
print OUT "#define BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION" , $numArgs . "_HEADER\n";
print OUT "\n";
print OUT "#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS $numArgs\n";
$templateParms = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < $numArgs; ++$i) {
if ($i > 0) {
$templateParms .= ", ";
}
$templateParms .= "typename T$i";
}
print OUT "#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS $templateParms\n";
$_ = $templateParms;
s/typename //g;
$templateArgs = $_;
print OUT "#define BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS $templateArgs\n";
$parms = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < $numArgs; ++$i) {
if ($i > 0) {
$parms .= ", ";
}
$parms .= "T$i a$i";
}
print OUT "#define BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS $parms\n";
$args = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < $numArgs; ++$i) {
if ($i > 0) {
$args .= ", ";
}
$args .= "a$i";
}
print OUT "#define BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS $args\n";
$not0Parms = "";
for ($i = 1; $i < $numArgs; ++$i) {
if ($i > 1) {
$not0Parms .= ", ";
}
$not0Parms .= "T$i a$i";
}
print OUT "#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS $not0Parms\n";
$not0Args = "";
for ($i = 1; $i < $numArgs; ++$i) {
if ($i > 1) {
$not0Args .= ", ";
}
$not0Args .= "a$i";
}
print OUT "#define BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS $not0Args\n";
print OUT "\n";
print OUT "#include <boost/function/function_template.hpp>\n";
print OUT "\n";
print OUT "#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_ARGS\n";
print OUT "#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NOT_0_PARMS\n";
print OUT "#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_ARGS\n";
print OUT "#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_PARMS\n";
print OUT "#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS\n";
print OUT "#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_PARMS\n";
print OUT "#undef BOOST_FUNCTION_NUM_ARGS\n";
print OUT "\n";
print OUT "#endif // BOOST_FUNCTION_FUNCTION" . $numArgs . "_HEADER\n";
close OUT;
}

View File

@ -13,23 +13,236 @@
<p> Generally, any place in which a function pointer would be used to defer a call or make a callback, Boost.Function can be used instead to allow the user greater flexibility in the implementation of the target. Targets can be any 'compatible' function object (or function pointer), meaning that the arguments to the interface designated by Boost.Function can be converted to the arguments of the target function object.
<ul>
<li><a href="doc/tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></li>
<li><a href="doc/reference.html">Reference manual</a></li>
<li><a href="#usage">Basic usage</a>
<ul>
<li>Free functions</li>
<li>Member functions</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#family">The <code>function</code> family</a></li>
<li><a href="#operations">Operations on function object wrappers</a></li>
<li><a href="#advanced">Advanced usage</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#policies">Policies</a></li>
<li><a href="#mixins">Mixins</a></li>
<li><a href="#allocators">Allocators</a></li>
<li><a href="#synchronizing">Example: Synchronized functions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#vspointers">Boost.Function vs. Function Pointers</a></li>
<li><a href="#performance">Performance</a></li>
<li><a href="#portability">Portability</a></li>
<li><a href="#design">Design rationale</a></li>
<li><a href="#acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a></li>
<li><a href="doc/faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li>
<li><a href="faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li>
</ul>
<h2><a name="vspointers">Boost.Function vs. Function Pointers</a></h2>
<h2>Basic usage</h2>
<a name="usage"></a>
<p> A wrapper is defined simply by specializing a <code>function</code> object with the desired return type and argument types. Any number of arguments may be supplied, up to some implementation-defined limit (10 is the default maximum). The following declares a function object wrapper <code>f</code> that takes two <code>int</code> parameters and returns a <code>float</code>:
<pre>
boost::function&lt;float, int, int&gt; f;
</pre>
<p> By default, function object wrappers are empty, so we can create a
function object to assign to <code>f</code>:
<pre>
struct int_div { float operator()(int x, int y) const { return ((float)x)/y; }; };
f = int_div();
</pre>
<p> Now we can use <code>f</code> to execute the underlying function object
<code>int_div</code>:
<pre>
std::cout << f(5, 3) << std::endl;
</pre>
<p> We are free to assign any compatible function object to <code>f</code>. If <code>int_div</code> had been declared to take two <code>long</code> operands,
the implicit conversions would have been applied without any user interference.
<p> Invoking a function object wrapper that does not actually contain a function object is a precondition violation. We can check for an empty function object wrapper by querying its <code>empty()</code> method or, more succinctly, by using it in a boolean context: if it evaluates true, it contains a function object target, i.e.,
<pre>
if (f)
std::cout << f(5, 3) << std::endl;
else
std::cout << "f has no target" << std::endl;
</pre>
<p> We can clear out a function target using the <code>clear()</code> member functor.
<h3>Free functions</h3>
<p> Free function pointers can be considered singleton function objects with const function call operators, and can therefore be directly used with the function object wrappers:
<pre>
float mul_ints(int x, int y) { return ((float)x) * y; }
f = &mul_ints;
</pre>
<h3>Member functions</h3>
<a name="member_func">
<p> In many systems, callbacks often call to member functions of a particular
object. Handling argument binding is beyond the scope of Boost.Function. However, there are several libraries that perform 'argument binding', including
<ul>
<li> The C++ Standard library. Using <code>std::bind1st</code> and <code>std::mem_fun</code> together one can bind the object of a pointer-to-member function for use with Boost.Function:
<pre>
struct X {
int foo(int);
};
boost::function&lt;int, int&gt; f;
X x;
f = std::bind1st(std::mem_fun(&X::foo), &x);
f(5); // Call x.foo(5)</pre></li>
<li><a href="http://lambda.cs.utu.fi/">The Lambda library</a>. This library provides a powerful composition mechanism to construct function objects that uses very natural C++ syntax. Lambda requires a compiler that is reasonably conformant to the C++ standard. Note that it is not a Boost library.</li>
<li>Peter Dimov's <a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/boost/files/bind/bind.hpp">bind</a> library. It has a smaller scope than the Lambda Library but is more tolerant of broken compilers. It is an unreviewed library in development.</li>
</ul>
<h2>The <code>function</code> family</h2>
<a name="family"></a>
<p> The header &lt;<a HREF="../../boost/function.hpp">boost/function.hpp</a>&gt; defines the primary entry point to the function object wrappers, the class template <code>boost::function</code>. This class template is essentially a thin wrapper around a set of similar numbered function object wrappers, <code>boost::function0</code>, <code>boost::function1</code>, etc., where the number indicates the number of arguments passed to the function object target. The declaration of <code>f</code> above could also be written as:
<pre>
boost::function2&lt;float, int, int&gt; f;
</pre>
<p> The numbered class templates contain most of the implementation and are each distinct class templates. They may be helpful if used in shared libraries, where the number of arguments supported by Boost.Function may change between revisions. Additionally, some compilers (e.g., Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0) have been known to be incapable of compiling <code>boost::function</code> in some instances but are able to handle the numbered variants.
<h2>Operations on function object wrappers</h2>
<a name="operations"></a>
<p>Each function object wrapper type (that has N actual arguments) supports the following operations:
<table border=1>
<tr>
<th>Syntax</th>
<th>Semantics</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><pre>
f = func_obj;
f.set(func_obj);</pre></td>
<td>Clears out <code>f</code>'s current target and retargets <code>f</code> to a copy of <code>func_obj</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><pre>
f.clear();</pre></td>
<td>Removes <code>f</code>'s target, if it has one.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><pre>
(bool)f
!f.empty()</pre></td>
<td>True if <code>f</code> has no target. The conversion to <code>bool</code> evaluates true if a target exists, whereas <code>empty()</code> returns true if no target exists.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><pre>f(a1, a2, ..., aN)</pre></td>
<td>Invoke <code>f</code>'s current target with the given arguments.
</tr>
<tr>
<td><pre>
swap(f1, f2);
f1.swap(f2);</pre></td>
<td>Swap the targets of <code>f1</code> and <code>f2</code>, which must be of the same type. No exceptions will be thrown.
</tr>
</table>
<p> Additionally, function object wrappers may be default-constructed (as empty) or constructed from any compatible function object. They are copy constructible and copy-assignable.
<p> All function object wrappers derive from <code>boost::function_base</code>, which implements the <code>empty()</code> member function and the <code>bool</code> conversion. Additionally, no other class may inherit <code>boost::function_base</code>, so user code may rely on the implicit base pointer conversion to determine if a type is a <code>boost::function</code> type or one of its variants.
<h2>Advanced usage</h2>
<a name="advanced"></a>
<p> The <code>boost::function</code> family supports additional customization by means of policies, mixins, and allocators. The specific usage of each of these will be explained in later sections, but they share a common problem: how to replace each default with your own version.
<p>For the numbered function object wrappers, one need only specify the new classes as a template parameter in the appropriate position. The following is a general definition for each of the numbered function object wrappers:
<pre>
template&lt;typename Return,
typename Arg1,
typename Arg2,
...
typename ArgN,
typename Policy = empty_function_policy,
typename Mixin = empty_function_mixin,
typename Allocator = std::allocator&lt;function_base&gt;
&gt; class functionN { /* ... */ };
</pre>
<p> With <code>boost::function</code> it is not so clear, because support for an arbitrary number of parameters means that it is impossible to specify just the last parameter, but not 5 of the parameters in between. Therefore, <code>boost::function</code> doubles as a generative interface for the underlying numbered class templates that uses named template parameters. For instance, to specify both a policy and an allocator for a function object wrapper <code>f</code> taking an <code>int</code> and returning an <code>int</code>, use:
<pre>
function&lt;int, int&gt;::policy&lt;MyPolicy&gt;::allocator&lt;MyAllocator&gt;::type f;
</pre>
<p> The named template parameters <code>policy</code>, <code>mixin</code> and <code>allocator</code> each take one template parameter (the replacement class) and may be nested as above to generate a function object wrapper. The <code>::type</code> at the end accesses the actual type that fits the given properties.
<h3>Policies</h3>
<a name="policies"></a>
<p> Policies define what happens directly before and directly after an invocation of a function object target is made. A policy must have two member functions, <code>precall</code> and <code>postcall</code>, each of which must be able to accept a <code>const</code> function object wrapper pointer. The following policy will print "before" prior to execution and "after" afterwards:
<pre>
struct print_policy {
void precall(const boost::function_base*) { std::cout << "before"; }
void postcall(const boost::function_base*) { std::cout << "after"; }
};
</pre>
<p> A new instance of the policy class will be created prior to calling the function object target and will be preserved until after the call has returned. Therefore, for any invocation the <code>precall</code> and <code>postcall</code> will be executed on the same policy class instance; however, policy class instances will not be kept between target invocations.
<p> Policies are further <a href="http://www.boost.org/more/generic_programming.html#policy">described</a> in the Boost discussion on <a href="http://www.boost.org/more/generic_programming.html">generic programming techniques</a>.
<h3>Mixins</h3>
<a name="mixins"></a>
<p> The function object wrappers allow any class to be "mixed in" as a base class. This allows extra members and/or functionality to be included by the user. This can be used, for instance, to overcome the limitations of policies by storing data between invocations in a base class instead of in a <code>static</code> member of a policy class.
<h3>Allocators</h3>
<a name="allocators"></a>
<p> The function object wrappers allow the user to specify a new allocator to handle the cloning of function object targets (when the wrappers are copied). The allocators used are the same as the C++ standard library allocators. The wrappers assume the allocators are stateless, and will create a new instance each time they are used (because they are rebound very often). This shares the semantics of most standard library implementations, and is explicitly allowed by the C++ standard.
<h3>Example: Synchronized callbacks</h3>
<a name="synchronizing"></a>
<p> Synchronization of callbacks in a multithreaded environment is extremely important. Using mixins and policies, a Boost.Function object may implement its own synchronization policy that ensures that only one thread can be in the callback function at any given point in time.
<p> We will use the prototype Boost.Threads library for its <code>recursive_mutex</code>. Since the mutex is on a per-callback basis, we will add a mutex to the <code>boost::function</code> by mixin it in with this mixin class:
<pre>
class SynchronizedMixin {
mutable boost::recursive_mutex mutex;
};
</pre>
<p> Next, we create a policy that obtains a lock before the target is called (via the <code>precall</code> function) and releases the lock after the target has been called (via the <code>postcall</code> function):
<pre>
class SynchronizedPolicy {
std::auto_ptr&lt;boost::recursive_mutex::lock&gt; lock;
void precall(const SynchronizedMixin* f)
{
lock.reset(new boost::recursive_mutex::lock(f->mutex));
}
void postcall(const SynchronizedMixin* f)
{
lock.reset();
}
};
</pre>
<p>The use of <code>std::auto_ptr</code> ensures that the lock will be destroyed (and therefore released) if an exception is thrown by the target function. Now we can use the policy and mixin together to create a synchronized callback:
<pre>
boost::function2&lt;float, int, int, SynchronizedPolicy, SynchronizedMixin&gt; f;
</pre>
<h2>Boost.Function vs. Function Pointers</h2>
<a name="vspointers"></a>
<p>Boost.Function has several advantages over function pointers, namely:
<ul>
<li>Boost.Function allows arbitrary compatible function objects to be targets (instead of requiring an exact function signature).</li>
<li>Boost.Function may be used with argument-binding and other function object construction libraries.</li>
<li>Boost.Function has predictible debug behavior when an empty function object is called. </li>
<li>Boost.Function can be adapted to perform operations before and after each call, allowing, for instance, synchronization primitives to be made part of the function type.</li>
</ul>
@ -45,7 +258,8 @@ And, of course, function pointers have several advantages over Boost.Function:
<p> The above two lists were adapted from comments made by Darin Adler.
<h2><a name="performance">Performance</a></h2>
<h2>Performance</h2>
<a name="performance"></a>
<h3>Function object wrapper size</h3>
<p> Function object wrappers will be the size of two function pointers plus one function pointer or data pointer (whichever is larger). On common 32-bit platforms, this amounts to 12 bytes per wrapper. Additionally, the function object target will be allocated on the heap.
@ -55,14 +269,15 @@ And, of course, function pointers have several advantages over Boost.Function:
<h3>Invocation efficiency</h3>
<p> With a properly inlining compiler, an invocation of a function object requires one call through a function pointer. If the call is to a free function pointer, an additional call must be made to that function pointer (unless the compiler has very powerful interprocedural analysis).
<h2><a name="portability">Portability</a></h2>
<p> The function object wrappers have been designed to be as portable as possible, and to support many compilers even when they do not support the C++ standard well. The following compilers have passed all of the test cases included with <code>boost::function</code>.
<h2>Portability</h2>
<a name="portability"></a>
<p> The function object wrappers have been designed to be as portable as possible, and to support many compilers even when they do not support the C++ standard well. The following compilers have passed all of the testcases included with <code>boost::function</code>.
<ul>
<li>GCC 2.95.3</li>
<li>GCC 3.0</li>
<li>SGI MIPSpro 7.3.0</li>
<li>Borland C++ 5.5.1</li>
<li>Comeau C++ 4.2.45.2</li>
<li>Comeau C++ 4.2.44 (beta 3)</li>
<li>Metrowerks Codewarrior 6.1</li>
</ul>
@ -72,18 +287,49 @@ And, of course, function pointers have several advantages over Boost.Function:
<li>Intel C++ 5.0: allocators not supported</li>
</ul>
<p> If your compiler is not listed, there is a small set of tests to stress the capabilities of the <code>boost::function</code> library. A standards-compliant compiler should compile the code without any modifications, but if you find you run into problems please submit a bug report.
<p> If your compiler is not listed, there is a small set of tests to stress the capabilities of the <code>boost::function</code> library. A standards-compliant compiler should compile the code without any modifications, but if you find you run into problems the following macros can be defined to adapt the function object wrappers to a broken compiler:
<table border=1>
<tr>
<th>Macro name</th>
<th>Effect and symptoms</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BOOST_FUNCTION_USE_VIRTUAL_FUNCTIONS</td>
<td>When enabled, this macro uses virtual functions instead of the default function pointers. In most cases, this will generate larger executables. However, if a compiler optimizes virtual function calls well it may result in smaller, faster executables. Enabling this macro also fixes some code generation problems in some compilers...
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BOOST_WEAK_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ORDERING</td>
<td><code>boost::function</code> stresses function template ordering more than most compilers can handle. If your compiler is having trouble with free function pointer assignments, try defining this macro</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BOOST_NO_DEPENDENT_BASE_LOOKUP</td>
<td>If your compiler cannot seem to find operators defined in a dependent base class (i.e., if you are trying to use <code>boost::function</code> operators and your compiler isn't finding them), try defining this macro</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BOOST_NO_DEPENDENT_NESTED_DERIVATIONS</td>
<td>If your compiler can't handle the code in the <code>function_traits_builder</code> class, try defining this.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BOOST_WEAK_CONVERSION_OPERATORS</td>
<td>If expressions such as <code>!f</code> (for a <code>boost::function</code> object <code>f</code>) fail, try to define this. Note that this may allow some meaningless expressions to compile, such as <code>f+4</code>.</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Design rationale</h2>
<a name="design"></a>
<h2><a name="design">Design rationale</a></h2>
<h3>Combatting virtual function bloat</h3>
<p> The use of virtual functions tends to cause 'code bloat' on many compilers. When a class contains a virtual function, it is necessary to emit an additional function that classifies the type of the object. It has been our experience that these auxiliary functions increase the size of the executable significantly when many <code>boost::function</code> objects are used.
<p> In Boost.Function, an alternative but equivalent approach was taken using free functions instead of virtual functions. The Boost.Function object essentially holds two pointers to make a valid target call: a void pointer to the function object it contains and a void pointer to an "invoker" that can call the function object, given the function pointer. This invoker function performs the argument and return value conversions Boost.Function provides. A third pointer points to a free function called the "manager", which handles the cloning and destruction of function objects. The scheme is typesafe because the only functions that actually handle the function object, the invoker and the manager, are instantiated given the type of the function object, so they can safely cast the incoming void pointer (the function object pointer) to the appropriate type.
<h2><a name="acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a></h2>
<p> A compiler with strong interprocedural analysis could significantly reduce the overhead associated with virtual function calls such that the alternative used by Boost.Function is less efficient. No compiler has yet been found where this is true, but when it does occur the BOOST_FUNCTION_USE_VIRTUAL_FUNCTIONS macro can be defined to revert to the simpler implementation based on virtual functions.
<h2>Acknowledgements</h2>
<a name="acknowledgements"></a>
<p> Many people were involved in the construction of this library. William Kempf, Jesse Jones and Karl Nelson were all extremely helpful in isolating an interface and scope for the library. John Maddock managed the formal review, and many reviewers gave excellent comments on interface, implementation, and documentation.
<hr>
<address><a href="mailto:gregod@cs.rpi.edu">Doug Gregor</a></address>
</body>
</html>
</html>

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
// Boost.Function library examples
// Boost.Function library
// Copyright (C) 2001 Doug Gregor (gregod@cs.rpi.edu)
//
@ -13,26 +13,28 @@
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org
#include <iostream>
#define BOOST_INCLUDE_MAIN
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <boost/function.hpp>
#include <functional>
#include <cassert>
#include <string>
struct X {
X(int val) : value(val) {}
using namespace std;
using namespace boost;
int foo(int x) { return x * value; }
int value;
};
static int sub_ints(int x = 0, int y = 0, int z = 0) { return x-y-z; }
static void
test_two_args()
{
function<int, int, int> sub(&sub_ints);
BOOST_TEST(sub(10, 2) == 8);
}
int
main()
test_main(int, char* [])
{
boost::function<int, int> f;
X x(7);
f = std::bind1st(std::mem_fun(&X::foo), &x);
std::cout << f(5) << std::endl; // Call x.foo(5)
test_two_args();
return 0;
}

View File

@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ using namespace boost;
using std::string;
using std::negate;
int global_int;
static int global_int;
struct write_five_obj { void operator()() const { global_int = 5; } };
struct write_three_obj { int operator()() const { global_int = 3; return 7; }};
@ -44,15 +44,6 @@ struct write_const_1_nonconst_2
void operator()() const { global_int = 1; }
};
struct add_to_obj
{
add_to_obj(int v) : value(v) {}
int operator()(int x) const { return value + x; }
int value;
};
static void
test_zero_args()
{
@ -139,7 +130,7 @@ test_zero_args()
// Construction from another function (that is empty)
v1.clear();
func_void_type v2(v1);
func_void_type v2(v1);;
BOOST_TEST(!v2);
// Assignment to an empty function
@ -236,10 +227,10 @@ test_zero_args()
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 5);
global_int = 0;
v2();
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 5);
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 5);;
// Construct a function given another function containing a function
func_void_type v3(v1);
func_void_type v3(v1);;
// Invocation of a function
global_int = 0;
@ -485,7 +476,7 @@ test_zero_args()
global_int = 0;
v7();
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 2);
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 1);
global_int = 0;
v8();
@ -536,15 +527,8 @@ test_one_arg()
function1<string, string> id(&identity_str);
BOOST_TEST(id("str") == "str");
function1<std::string, const char*> id2(&identity_str);
function1<std::string, char*> id2(&identity_str);
BOOST_TEST(id2("foo") == "foo");
add_to_obj add_to(5);
function1<int, int> f2(add_to);
BOOST_TEST(f2(3) == 8);
const function1<int, int> cf2(add_to);
BOOST_TEST(cf2(3) == 8);
}
static void
@ -568,48 +552,16 @@ test_emptiness()
BOOST_TEST(f2.empty());
function0<double> f3;
f3 = f2;
f3 = f2;;
BOOST_TEST(f3.empty());
}
struct X {
X(int v) : value(v) {}
int twice() const { return 2*value; }
int plus(int v) { return value + v; }
int value;
};
static void
test_member_functions()
{
boost::function1<int, X*> f1(&X::twice);
X one(1);
X five(5);
BOOST_TEST(f1(&one) == 2);
BOOST_TEST(f1(&five) == 10);
boost::function1<int, X*> f1_2;
f1_2 = &X::twice;
BOOST_TEST(f1_2(&one) == 2);
BOOST_TEST(f1_2(&five) == 10);
boost::function2<int, X&, int> f2(&X::plus);
BOOST_TEST(f2(one, 3) == 4);
BOOST_TEST(f2(five, 4) == 9);
}
int test_main(int, char* [])
int
test_main(int, char* [])
{
test_zero_args();
test_one_arg();
test_two_args();
test_emptiness();
test_member_functions();
return 0;
}

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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ using namespace boost;
using std::string;
using std::negate;
int global_int;
static int global_int;
struct write_five_obj { void operator()() const { global_int = 5; } };
struct write_three_obj { int operator()() const { global_int = 3; return 7; }};
@ -44,15 +44,6 @@ struct write_const_1_nonconst_2
void operator()() const { global_int = 1; }
};
struct add_to_obj
{
add_to_obj(int v) : value(v) {}
int operator()(int x) const { return value + x; }
int value;
};
static void
test_zero_args()
{
@ -139,7 +130,7 @@ test_zero_args()
// Construction from another function (that is empty)
v1.clear();
func_void_type v2(v1);
func_void_type v2(v1);;
BOOST_TEST(!v2);
// Assignment to an empty function
@ -236,10 +227,10 @@ test_zero_args()
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 5);
global_int = 0;
v2();
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 5);
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 5);;
// Construct a function given another function containing a function
func_void_type v3(v1);
func_void_type v3(v1);;
// Invocation of a function
global_int = 0;
@ -485,7 +476,7 @@ test_zero_args()
global_int = 0;
v7();
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 2);
BOOST_TEST(global_int == 1);
global_int = 0;
v8();
@ -536,15 +527,8 @@ test_one_arg()
function<string, string> id(&identity_str);
BOOST_TEST(id("str") == "str");
function<std::string, const char*> id2(&identity_str);
function<std::string, char*> id2(&identity_str);
BOOST_TEST(id2("foo") == "foo");
add_to_obj add_to(5);
function<int, int> f2(add_to);
BOOST_TEST(f2(3) == 8);
const function<int, int> cf2(add_to);
BOOST_TEST(cf2(3) == 8);
}
static void
@ -568,47 +552,16 @@ test_emptiness()
BOOST_TEST(f2.empty());
function<double> f3;
f3 = f2;
f3 = f2;;
BOOST_TEST(f3.empty());
}
struct X {
X(int v) : value(v) {}
int twice() const { return 2*value; }
int plus(int v) { return value + v; }
int value;
};
static void
test_member_functions()
{
boost::function<int, X*> f1(&X::twice);
X one(1);
X five(5);
BOOST_TEST(f1(&one) == 2);
BOOST_TEST(f1(&five) == 10);
boost::function<int, X*> f1_2;
f1_2 = &X::twice;
BOOST_TEST(f1_2(&one) == 2);
BOOST_TEST(f1_2(&five) == 10);
boost::function<int, X&, int> f2(&X::plus);
BOOST_TEST(f2(one, 3) == 4);
BOOST_TEST(f2(five, 4) == 9);
}
int test_main(int, char* [])
int
test_main(int, char* [])
{
test_zero_args();
test_one_arg();
test_two_args();
test_emptiness();
test_member_functions();
return 0;
}

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@ -19,42 +19,22 @@
#include <functional>
#include <boost/function.hpp>
using namespace std;
using namespace boost;
struct id_mixin
{
id_mixin(const id_mixin& rhs) : id(rhs.id) {}
id_mixin& operator=(const id_mixin& rhs){id = rhs.id; return *this;}
id_mixin(int i = 0){ id = i;}
{
int id;
};
static int do_plus(int x, int y) { return x+y; }
typedef boost::function<int,int,int>::mixin<id_mixin>::type func;
int test_main(int, char*[])
int
test_main(int, char*[])
{
func f(id_mixin(3));
f = std::plus<int>();
BOOST_TEST(f.id == 3);
f = &do_plus;
BOOST_TEST(f.id == 3);
function<int, int, int>::mixin<id_mixin>::type f;
f = plus<int>();
f.id = 7;
f.clear();
f.id = 7;
BOOST_TEST(f.id == 7);
func g(f);
BOOST_TEST(g.id == 7);
f.id = 21;
BOOST_TEST(f.id == 21);
boost::swap(f,g);
BOOST_TEST(f.id == 7);
BOOST_TEST(g.id == 21);
g = f;
BOOST_TEST(g.id == 7);
return 0;
}

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@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ struct counting_policy
{
static int count;
void precall(const function_base*) { count++; }
void postcall(const function_base*) { count+=2; }
void precall(function_base*) { count++; }
void postcall(function_base*) { count+=2; }
};
int counting_policy::count = 0;

View File

@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
// Boost.Function regression test configuration file
// From the boost/status directory, run
// ./regression --tests ../libs/function/test/regression.cfg -o function.html
// ./regressions --tests ../libs/function/test/regression.cfg --o function.html
run libs/function/test/allocator_test.cpp
run libs/function/test/defarg_test.cpp
run libs/function/test/function_n_test.cpp
run libs/function/test/function_test.cpp
compile-fail libs/function/test/function_test_fail1.cpp