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<a name="boost_optional.tutorial.gotchas.false_positive_with__wmaybe_uninitialized"></a><a class="link" href="false_positive_with__wmaybe_uninitialized.html" title="False positive with -Wmaybe-uninitialized">False
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<p>
Sometimes on GCC compilers below version 5.1 you may get an -Wmaybe-uninitialized
warning when copiling with option -02 on a perfectly valid <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">optional</span></code> usage. For instance in this
program:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
<span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">getitem</span><span class="special">();</span>
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">argc</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">char</span> <span class="special">*[])</span>
<span class="special">{</span>
<span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">getitem</span><span class="special">();</span>
<span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">argc</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span>
<span class="identifier">b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">argc</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">!=</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">)</span>
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="special">}</span>
</pre>
<p>
This is a bug in the compiler. As a workaround (provided in <a href="http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21755206/how-to-get-around-gcc-void-b-4-may-be-used-uninitialized-in-this-funct" target="_top">this
Stack Overflow question</a>) use the following way of initializing
an optional containing no value:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">make_optional</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">false</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">());</span>
</pre>
<p>
This is obviously redundant, but makes the warning disappear.
</p>
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<p>
Because <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is convertible
to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span></code>
and because <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">opiotnal</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span></code>
is <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/LessThanComparable.html" target="_top"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">LessThanComparable</span></code></a> when <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/LessThanComparable.html" target="_top"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">LessThanComparable</span></code></a>, you can sometimes
get an unexpected runtime result where you would rather expect a compiler
error:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">Flight_plan</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">weight</span><span class="special">();</span> <span class="comment">// sometimes no weight can be returned</span>
<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="identifier">is_aircraft_too_heavy</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Flight_plan</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">p</span><span class="special">)</span>
<span class="special">{</span>
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">p</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">weight</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">p</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">aircraft</span><span class="special">().</span><span class="identifier">max_weight</span><span class="special">();</span> <span class="comment">// compiles!</span>
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// returns false when the optional contains no value </span>
</pre>
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<p>
When an optional object that contains a value is moved from (is a source
of move constructor or assignment) it still contains a value and its contained
value is left in a moved-from state. This can be illustrated with the following
example.
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">unique_ptr</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">opi</span> <span class="special">{</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">make_unique</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">&gt;(</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="special">)};</span>
<span class="identifier">optional</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">unique_ptr</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">&gt;&gt;</span> <span class="identifier">opj</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">move</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">opi</span><span class="special">);</span>
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">opi</span><span class="special">);</span>
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(*</span><span class="identifier">opi</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="keyword">nullptr</span><span class="special">);</span>
</pre>
<p>
Quite a lot of people expect that when an object that contains a value
is moved from, its contained value should be destroyed. This is not so,
for performance reasons. Current semantics allow the implementation of
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">opiotnal</span><span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&gt;</span></code>
to be trivially copyable when <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
is trivial.
</p>
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file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
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