esp-idf/docs/en/api-reference/provisioning/protocomm.rst

Protocol Communication
======================

Overview
--------
Protocol Communication (protocomm) component manages secure sessions and provides framework for multiple transports. The application can also use protocomm layer directly to have application specific extensions for the provisioning (or non-provisioning) use cases.

Following features are available for provisioning :
    * Communication security at application level -
        * protocomm_security0 (no security)
        * protocomm_security1 (Curve25519 key exchange + AES-CTR encryption/decryption)
        * protocomm_security2 (SRP6a-based key exchange + AES-GCM encryption/decryption)
    * Proof-of-possession (support with protocomm_security1 only)
    * Salt and Verifier (support with protocomm_security2 only)

Protocomm internally uses protobuf (protocol buffers) for secure session establishment. Though users can implement their own security (even without using protobuf). One can even use protocomm without any security layer.

Protocomm provides framework for various transports - WiFi (SoftAP+HTTPD), BLE, console - in which case the handler invocation is automatically taken care of on the device side (see Transport Examples below for code snippets).

Note that the client still needs to establish session (for protocomm_security1 and protocomm_security2) by performing the two way handshake. See :doc:`provisioning` for more details about the secure handshake logic.

Enabling protocomm security version
-----------------------------------
Protocomm component provides project configuration menu to enable/disable support of respective security versions.
The respective configuration options can be found as follows:

    * Support protocomm security version 0 (no security): :ref:`CONFIG_ESP_PROTOCOMM_SUPPORT_SECURITY_VERSION_0` (this option is enabled by default)
    * Support protocomm security version 1 (Curve25519 key exchange + AES-CTR encryption/decryption): :ref:`CONFIG_ESP_PROTOCOMM_SUPPORT_SECURITY_VERSION_1` (this option is enabled by default)
    * Support protocomm security version 2 (SRP6a-based key exchange + AES-GCM encryption/decryption): :ref:`CONFIG_ESP_PROTOCOMM_SUPPORT_SECURITY_VERSION_2`

.. note:: Enabling multiple security versions allow to control them dynamically but also increases firmware size.

Transport Example (SoftAP + HTTP) with Security 2
-------------------------------------------------
For sample usage, see :component_file:`wifi_provisioning/src/scheme_softap.c`

    .. highlight:: c

    ::

        /* Endpoint handler to be registered with protocomm.
         * This simply echoes back the received data. */
        esp_err_t echo_req_handler (uint32_t session_id,
                                    const uint8_t *inbuf, ssize_t inlen,
                                    uint8_t **outbuf, ssize_t *outlen,
                                    void *priv_data)
        {
            /* Session ID may be used for persistence */
            printf("Session ID : %d", session_id);

            /* Echo back the received data */
            *outlen = inlen;            /* Output data length updated */
            *outbuf = malloc(inlen);    /* This will be deallocated outside */
            memcpy(*outbuf, inbuf, inlen);

            /* Private data that was passed at the time of endpoint creation */
            uint32_t *priv = (uint32_t *) priv_data;
            if (priv) {
                printf("Private data : %d", *priv);
            }

            return ESP_OK;
        }

        static const char sec2_salt[] = {0xf7, 0x5f, 0xe2, 0xbe, 0xba, 0x7c, 0x81, 0xcd};
        static const char sec2_verifier[] = {0xbf, 0x86, 0xce, 0x63, 0x8a, 0xbb, 0x7e, 0x2f, 0x38, 0xa8, 0x19, 0x1b, 0x35,
            0xc9, 0xe3, 0xbe, 0xc3, 0x2b, 0x45, 0xee, 0x10, 0x74, 0x22, 0x1a, 0x95, 0xbe, 0x62, 0xf7, 0x0c, 0x65, 0x83, 0x50,
            0x08, 0xef, 0xaf, 0xa5, 0x94, 0x4b, 0xcb, 0xe1, 0xce, 0x59, 0x2a, 0xe8, 0x7b, 0x27, 0xc8, 0x72, 0x26, 0x71, 0xde,
            0xb2, 0xf2, 0x80, 0x02, 0xdd, 0x11, 0xf0, 0x38, 0x0e, 0x95, 0x25, 0x00, 0xcf, 0xb3, 0x3f, 0xf0, 0x73, 0x2a, 0x25,
            0x03, 0xe8, 0x51, 0x72, 0xef, 0x6d, 0x3e, 0x14, 0xb9, 0x2e, 0x9f, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x9e, 0x26, 0xb6, 0x3e, 0xc7, 0xe4,
            0x9f, 0xe3, 0x20, 0xce, 0x28, 0x7c, 0xbf, 0x89, 0x50, 0xc9, 0xb6, 0xec, 0xdd, 0x81, 0x18, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0xd9, 0x7a,
            0x21, 0x99, 0xf1, 0xee, 0x71, 0x2f, 0xcc, 0x93, 0x16, 0x34, 0x0c, 0x79, 0x46, 0x23, 0xe4, 0x32, 0xec, 0x2d, 0x9e,
            0x18, 0xa6, 0xb9, 0xbb, 0x0a, 0xcf, 0xc4, 0xa8, 0x32, 0xc0, 0x1c, 0x32, 0xa3, 0x97, 0x66, 0xf8, 0x30, 0xb2, 0xda,
            0xf9, 0x8d, 0xc3, 0x72, 0x72, 0x5f, 0xe5, 0xee, 0xc3, 0x5c, 0x24, 0xc8, 0xdd, 0x54, 0x49, 0xfc, 0x12, 0x91, 0x81,
            0x9c, 0xc3, 0xac, 0x64, 0x5e, 0xd6, 0x41, 0x88, 0x2f, 0x23, 0x66, 0xc8, 0xac, 0xb0, 0x35, 0x0b, 0xf6, 0x9c, 0x88,
            0x6f, 0xac, 0xe1, 0xf4, 0xca, 0xc9, 0x07, 0x04, 0x11, 0xda, 0x90, 0x42, 0xa9, 0xf1, 0x97, 0x3d, 0x94, 0x65, 0xe4,
            0xfb, 0x52, 0x22, 0x3b, 0x7a, 0x7b, 0x9e, 0xe9, 0xee, 0x1c, 0x44, 0xd0, 0x73, 0x72, 0x2a, 0xca, 0x85, 0x19, 0x4a,
            0x60, 0xce, 0x0a, 0xc8, 0x7d, 0x57, 0xa4, 0xf8, 0x77, 0x22, 0xc1, 0xa5, 0xfa, 0xfb, 0x7b, 0x91, 0x3b, 0xfe, 0x87,
            0x5f, 0xfe, 0x05, 0xd2, 0xd6, 0xd3, 0x74, 0xe5, 0x2e, 0x68, 0x79, 0x34, 0x70, 0x40, 0x12, 0xa8, 0xe1, 0xb4, 0x6c,
            0xaa, 0x46, 0x73, 0xcd, 0x8d, 0x17, 0x72, 0x67, 0x32, 0x42, 0xdc, 0x10, 0xd3, 0x71, 0x7e, 0x8b, 0x00, 0x46, 0x9b,
            0x0a, 0xe9, 0xb4, 0x0f, 0xeb, 0x70, 0x52, 0xdd, 0x0a, 0x1c, 0x7e, 0x2e, 0xb0, 0x61, 0xa6, 0xe1, 0xa3, 0x34, 0x4b,
            0x2a, 0x3c, 0xc4, 0x5d, 0x42, 0x05, 0x58, 0x25, 0xd3, 0xca, 0x96, 0x5c, 0xb9, 0x52, 0xf9, 0xe9, 0x80, 0x75, 0x3d,
            0xc8, 0x9f, 0xc7, 0xb2, 0xaa, 0x95, 0x2e, 0x76, 0xb3, 0xe1, 0x48, 0xc1, 0x0a, 0xa1, 0x0a, 0xe8, 0xaf, 0x41, 0x28,
            0xd2, 0x16, 0xe1, 0xa6, 0xd0, 0x73, 0x51, 0x73, 0x79, 0x98, 0xd9, 0xb9, 0x00, 0x50, 0xa2, 0x4d, 0x99, 0x18, 0x90,
            0x70, 0x27, 0xe7, 0x8d, 0x56, 0x45, 0x34, 0x1f, 0xb9, 0x30, 0xda, 0xec, 0x4a, 0x08, 0x27, 0x9f, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x2e,
            0x36, 0x77, 0x00, 0xe2, 0xb6, 0xeb, 0xd1, 0x56, 0x50, 0x8e};

        /* Example function for launching a protocomm instance over HTTP */
        protocomm_t *start_pc()
        {
            protocomm_t *pc = protocomm_new();


            /* Config for protocomm_httpd_start() */
            protocomm_httpd_config_t pc_config = {
                .data = {
                .config = PROTOCOMM_HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG()
                }
            };

            /* Start protocomm server on top of HTTP */
            protocomm_httpd_start(pc, &pc_config);

            /* Create Security2 params object from salt and verifier. It must be valid
             * throughout the scope of protocomm endpoint. This need not be static,
             * ie. could be dynamically allocated and freed at the time of endpoint
             * removal */
            const static protocomm_security2_params_t sec2_params = {
                .salt = (const uint8_t *) salt,
                .salt_len = sizeof(salt),
                .verifier = (const uint8_t *) verifier,
                .verifier_len = sizeof(verifier),
            };

            /* Set security for communication at application level. Just like for
             * request handlers, setting security creates an endpoint and registers
             * the handler provided by protocomm_security1. One can similarly use
             * protocomm_security0. Only one type of security can be set for a
             * protocomm instance at a time. */
            protocomm_set_security(pc, "security_endpoint", &protocomm_security2, &sec2_params);

            /* Private data passed to the endpoint must be valid throughout the scope
             * of protocomm endpoint. This need not be static, ie. could be dynamically
             * allocated and freed at the time of endpoint removal */
            static uint32_t priv_data = 1234;

            /* Add a new endpoint for the protocomm instance, identified by a unique name
             * and register a handler function along with private data to be passed at the
             * time of handler execution. Multiple endpoints can be added as long as they
             * are identified by unique names */
            protocomm_add_endpoint(pc, "echo_req_endpoint",
                                   echo_req_handler, (void *) &priv_data);
            return pc;
        }

        /* Example function for stopping a protocomm instance */
        void stop_pc(protocomm_t *pc)
        {
            /* Remove endpoint identified by it's unique name */
            protocomm_remove_endpoint(pc, "echo_req_endpoint");

            /* Remove security endpoint identified by it's name */
            protocomm_unset_security(pc, "security_endpoint");

            /* Stop HTTP server */
            protocomm_httpd_stop(pc);

            /* Delete (deallocate) the protocomm instance */
            protocomm_delete(pc);
        }

Transport Example (SoftAP + HTTP) with Security 1
-------------------------------------------------
For sample usage, see :component_file:`wifi_provisioning/src/scheme_softap.c`

    .. highlight:: c

    ::

        /* Endpoint handler to be registered with protocomm.
         * This simply echoes back the received data. */
        esp_err_t echo_req_handler (uint32_t session_id,
                                    const uint8_t *inbuf, ssize_t inlen,
                                    uint8_t **outbuf, ssize_t *outlen,
                                    void *priv_data)
        {
            /* Session ID may be used for persistence */
            printf("Session ID : %d", session_id);

            /* Echo back the received data */
            *outlen = inlen;            /* Output data length updated */
            *outbuf = malloc(inlen);    /* This will be deallocated outside */
            memcpy(*outbuf, inbuf, inlen);

            /* Private data that was passed at the time of endpoint creation */
            uint32_t *priv = (uint32_t *) priv_data;
            if (priv) {
                printf("Private data : %d", *priv);
            }

            return ESP_OK;
        }

        /* Example function for launching a protocomm instance over HTTP */
        protocomm_t *start_pc(const char *pop_string)
        {
            protocomm_t *pc = protocomm_new();


            /* Config for protocomm_httpd_start() */
            protocomm_httpd_config_t pc_config = {
                .data = {
                .config = PROTOCOMM_HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG()
                }
            };

            /* Start protocomm server on top of HTTP */
            protocomm_httpd_start(pc, &pc_config);

            /* Create security1 params object from pop_string. It must be valid
             * throughout the scope of protocomm endpoint. This need not be static,
             * ie. could be dynamically allocated and freed at the time of endpoint
             * removal */
            const static protocomm_security1_params_t sec1_params = {
                .data = (const uint8_t *) strdup(pop_string),
                .len = strlen(pop_string)
            };

            /* Set security for communication at application level. Just like for
             * request handlers, setting security creates an endpoint and registers
             * the handler provided by protocomm_security1. One can similarly use
             * protocomm_security0. Only one type of security can be set for a
             * protocomm instance at a time. */
            protocomm_set_security(pc, "security_endpoint", &protocomm_security1, &sec1_params);

            /* Private data passed to the endpoint must be valid throughout the scope
             * of protocomm endpoint. This need not be static, ie. could be dynamically
             * allocated and freed at the time of endpoint removal */
            static uint32_t priv_data = 1234;

            /* Add a new endpoint for the protocomm instance, identified by a unique name
             * and register a handler function along with private data to be passed at the
             * time of handler execution. Multiple endpoints can be added as long as they
             * are identified by unique names */
            protocomm_add_endpoint(pc, "echo_req_endpoint",
                                   echo_req_handler, (void *) &priv_data);
            return pc;
        }

        /* Example function for stopping a protocomm instance */
        void stop_pc(protocomm_t *pc)
        {
            /* Remove endpoint identified by it's unique name */
            protocomm_remove_endpoint(pc, "echo_req_endpoint");

            /* Remove security endpoint identified by it's name */
            protocomm_unset_security(pc, "security_endpoint");

            /* Stop HTTP server */
            protocomm_httpd_stop(pc);

            /* Delete (deallocate) the protocomm instance */
            protocomm_delete(pc);
        }

Transport Example (BLE) with Security 0
---------------------------------------
For sample usage, see :component_file:`wifi_provisioning/src/scheme_ble.c`

    .. highlight:: c

    ::

        /* Example function for launching a secure protocomm instance over BLE */
        protocomm_t *start_pc()
        {
            protocomm_t *pc = protocomm_new();

            /* Endpoint UUIDs */
            protocomm_ble_name_uuid_t nu_lookup_table[] = {
                {"security_endpoint", 0xFF51},
                {"echo_req_endpoint", 0xFF52}
            };

            /* Config for protocomm_ble_start() */
            protocomm_ble_config_t config = {
                .service_uuid = {
                    /* LSB <---------------------------------------
                    * ---------------------------------------> MSB */
                    0xfb, 0x34, 0x9b, 0x5f, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80,
                    0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00,
                },
                .nu_lookup_count = sizeof(nu_lookup_table)/sizeof(nu_lookup_table[0]),
                .nu_lookup = nu_lookup_table
            };

            /* Start protocomm layer on top of BLE */
            protocomm_ble_start(pc, &config);

            /* For protocomm_security0, Proof of Possession is not used, and can be kept NULL */
            protocomm_set_security(pc, "security_endpoint", &protocomm_security0, NULL);
            protocomm_add_endpoint(pc, "echo_req_endpoint", echo_req_handler, NULL);
            return pc;
        }

        /* Example function for stopping a protocomm instance */
        void stop_pc(protocomm_t *pc)
        {
            protocomm_remove_endpoint(pc, "echo_req_endpoint");
            protocomm_unset_security(pc, "security_endpoint");

            /* Stop BLE protocomm service */
            protocomm_ble_stop(pc);

            protocomm_delete(pc);
        }

API Reference
-------------

.. include-build-file:: inc/protocomm.inc
.. include-build-file:: inc/protocomm_security.inc
.. include-build-file:: inc/protocomm_security0.inc
.. include-build-file:: inc/protocomm_security1.inc
.. include-build-file:: inc/protocomm_httpd.inc
.. include-build-file:: inc/protocomm_ble.inc