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Merge branch 'bugfix/ldgen_prebuilt_library_placements' into 'master'

Browse Source 
build: pass pre-built libraries to ldgen, clean up how blobs are added

Closes IDF-12049 and IDF-12736

See merge request espressif/esp-idf!40353
This commit is contained in:
Ivan Grokhotkov
2025-08-19 10:50:31 +02:00
parent 6af87b6287 f45154b347
commit a939f410dd
14 changed files with 153 additions and 62 deletions
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27
components/bt/CMakeLists.txt
View File

@@ -937,29 +937,30 @@ idf_component_register(SRCS "${srcs}"
if(CONFIG_BT_ENABLED) if(CONFIG_BT_ENABLED)
target_compile_options(${COMPONENT_LIB} PRIVATE -Wno-implicit-fallthrough -Wno-unused-const-variable) target_compile_options(${COMPONENT_LIB} PRIVATE -Wno-implicit-fallthrough -Wno-unused-const-variable)
if(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32) if(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32)
target_link_directories(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/controller/lib_esp32/esp32") add_prebuilt_library(bt_btdm_app "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/controller/lib_esp32/esp32/libbtdm_app.a")
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC btdm_app) target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PRIVATE bt_btdm_app)
target_link_options(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "SHELL:-u ld_include_hli_vectors_bt")
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "-u ld_include_hli_vectors_bt")
elseif(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) elseif(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
target_link_directories(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/controller/lib_esp32c3_family/esp32c3")
if(CONFIG_BT_CTRL_RUN_IN_FLASH_ONLY) if(CONFIG_BT_CTRL_RUN_IN_FLASH_ONLY)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC btdm_app_flash) set(lib_name "btdm_app_flash")
else() else()
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC btdm_app) set(lib_name "btdm_app")
endif() endif()
add_prebuilt_library(bt_btdm_app
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/controller/lib_esp32c3_family/esp32c3/lib${lib_name}.a")
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PRIVATE bt_btdm_app)
elseif(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3) elseif(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
target_link_directories(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/controller/lib_esp32c3_family/esp32s3")
if(CONFIG_BT_CTRL_RUN_IN_FLASH_ONLY) if(CONFIG_BT_CTRL_RUN_IN_FLASH_ONLY)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC btdm_app_flash) set(lib_name "btdm_app_flash")
else() else()
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC btdm_app) set(lib_name "btdm_app")
endif() endif()
add_prebuilt_library(bt_btdm_app
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/controller/lib_esp32c3_family/esp32s3/lib${lib_name}.a")
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PRIVATE bt_btdm_app)
elseif(CONFIG_BT_CONTROLLER_ENABLED) elseif(CONFIG_BT_CONTROLLER_ENABLED)
if(CONFIG_BT_LE_CONTROLLER_LOG_WRAP_PANIC_HANDLER_ENABLE) if(CONFIG_BT_LE_CONTROLLER_LOG_WRAP_PANIC_HANDLER_ENABLE)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "-Wl,--wrap=esp_panic_handler") target_link_options(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "-Wl,--wrap=esp_panic_handler")
endif() endif()
if(CONFIG_BT_BLE_LOG_UHCI_OUT_ENABLED) if(CONFIG_BT_BLE_LOG_UHCI_OUT_ENABLED)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "-Wl,--wrap=uart_tx_chars") target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "-Wl,--wrap=uart_tx_chars")

2
components/esp_coex/CMakeLists.txt
View File

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ if(CONFIG_ESP_COEX_ENABLED)
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME}) REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC ${blob}) target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC ${blob})
if(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32) if(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PRIVATE btdm_app) target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PRIVATE bt_btdm_app)
endif() endif()
endif() endif()

80
components/esp_phy/CMakeLists.txt
View File

@@ -61,42 +61,84 @@ idf_component_register(SRCS "${srcs}"
) )
if(CONFIG_ESP_PHY_ENABLED) if(CONFIG_ESP_PHY_ENABLED)
set(target_name "${idf_target}") set(lib_dir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/${idf_target}")
target_link_directories(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/${target_name}")
# Override functions in PHY lib with the functions in 'phy_override.c' # Override functions in PHY lib with the functions in 'phy_override.c'
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "-u include_esp_phy_override") target_link_options(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE "SHELL:-u include_esp_phy_override")
if(link_binary_libs) if(link_binary_libs)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC phy)
idf_component_get_property(esp_phy_lib esp_phy COMPONENT_LIB) # Decide which libraries to link based on the configuration and the target
set(has_libbttestmode 0)
set(has_librftest 0)
set(has_librfate 0)
set(has_libphy 0)
set(has_libbtbb 0)
set(has_librtc 0)
if(CONFIG_ESP_PHY_ENABLE_CERT_TEST) if(CONFIG_ESP_PHY_ENABLE_CERT_TEST)
if(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32) if(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}> libbttestmode.a set(has_libbttestmode 1)
librftest.a $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}>) set(has_librftest 1)
elseif(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) elseif(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}> librftest.a set(has_librftest 1)
librfate.a $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}>) set(has_librfate 1)
else() else()
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}> libbttestmode.a set(has_libbttestmode 1)
librfate.a librftest.a $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}>) set(has_librftest 1)
set(has_librfate 1)
endif() endif()
endif() endif()
if(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32) if(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC rtc) set(has_librtc 1)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}> libphy.a librtc.a set(has_libphy 1)
$<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}>)
elseif(CONFIG_SOC_BT_SUPPORTED OR CONFIG_SOC_IEEE802154_SUPPORTED) elseif(CONFIG_SOC_BT_SUPPORTED OR CONFIG_SOC_IEEE802154_SUPPORTED)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC btbb) set(has_libbtbb 1)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}> libphy.a libbtbb.a set(has_libphy 1)
$<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}>)
elseif(CONFIG_SOC_WIFI_SUPPORTED) elseif(CONFIG_SOC_WIFI_SUPPORTED)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE $<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}> libphy.a set(has_libphy 1)
$<TARGET_FILE:${esp_phy_lib}>)
endif() endif()
# Add the required library targets and add them to the list of libraries to link
if(has_libbttestmode)
add_prebuilt_library(esp_phy_libbttestmode "${lib_dir}/libbttestmode.a"
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
list(APPEND libs_to_link esp_phy_libbttestmode)
endif()
if(has_librftest)
add_prebuilt_library(esp_phy_librftest "${lib_dir}/librftest.a"
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
list(APPEND libs_to_link esp_phy_librftest)
endif()
if(has_librfate)
add_prebuilt_library(esp_phy_librfate "${lib_dir}/librfate.a"
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
list(APPEND libs_to_link esp_phy_librfate)
endif()
if(has_libbtbb)
add_prebuilt_library(esp_phy_libbtbb "${lib_dir}/libbtbb.a"
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
list(APPEND libs_to_link esp_phy_libbtbb)
endif()
if(has_librtc)
add_prebuilt_library(esp_phy_librtc "${lib_dir}/librtc.a"
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
list(APPEND libs_to_link esp_phy_librtc)
endif()
if(has_libphy)
add_prebuilt_library(esp_phy_libphy "${lib_dir}/libphy.a"
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
list(APPEND libs_to_link esp_phy_libphy)
endif()
# Finally, link the libraries to the component
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE ${libs_to_link})
endif() endif()
if(CONFIG_ESP_PHY_INIT_DATA_IN_PARTITION) if(CONFIG_ESP_PHY_INIT_DATA_IN_PARTITION)

15
components/esp_wifi/CMakeLists.txt
View File

@@ -88,13 +88,18 @@ if(CONFIG_ESP_WIFI_ENABLED OR CONFIG_ESP_HOST_WIFI_ENABLED)
endif() endif()
endif() endif()
# Since some blob names are very generic, add an "esp_wifi_" prefix when creating target names,
# to avoid conflicts with other libraries.
set(blob_targets ${blobs})
list(TRANSFORM blob_targets PREPEND "esp_wifi_")
foreach(blob ${blobs}) foreach(blob ${blobs})
add_prebuilt_library(${blob} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/${target_name}/lib${blob}.a" set(blob_target "esp_wifi_${blob}")
add_prebuilt_library(${blob_target} "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib/${target_name}/lib${blob}.a"
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME}) REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
set(blob_reqs ${blobs}) set(blob_reqs ${blob_targets})
list(REMOVE_ITEM blob_reqs ${blob}) # remove itself from requirements list(REMOVE_ITEM blob_reqs ${blob_target}) # remove itself from requirements
set_property(TARGET ${blob} APPEND PROPERTY INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES ${blob_reqs}) set_property(TARGET ${blob_target} APPEND PROPERTY INTERFACE_LINK_LIBRARIES ${blob_reqs})
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC ${blob}) target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC ${blob_target})
endforeach() endforeach()
endif() endif()
# TODO IDF-13365: remove the following lines # TODO IDF-13365: remove the following lines

6
components/xtensa/CMakeLists.txt
View File

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
# The porting layer sources files are OS agnostic, thus are common across multiple Xtensa RTOS ports (e.g., FreeRTOS, # The porting layer sources files are OS agnostic, thus are common across multiple Xtensa RTOS ports (e.g., FreeRTOS,
# ThreadX). The Xtensa RTOS Porting Layer... # ThreadX). The Xtensa RTOS Porting Layer...
# - interfaces with an RTOS port via the "xtensa_rtos.h" header provided by the RTOS port # - interfaces with an RTOS port via the "xtensa_rtos.h" header provided by the RTOS port
# - expected `#include <...h>` as the incldue path to the porting layer's headers # - expected `#include <...h>` as the include path to the porting layer's headers
idf_build_get_property(target IDF_TARGET) idf_build_get_property(target IDF_TARGET)
idf_build_get_property(arch IDF_TARGET_ARCH) idf_build_get_property(arch IDF_TARGET_ARCH)
@@ -63,4 +63,6 @@ idf_component_register(SRCS ${srcs}
INCLUDE_DIRS ${include_dirs} INCLUDE_DIRS ${include_dirs}
LDFRAGMENTS linker.lf) LDFRAGMENTS linker.lf)
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${target}/libxt_hal.a") add_prebuilt_library(xtensa_xt_hal "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${target}/libxt_hal.a"
REQUIRES ${COMPONENT_NAME})
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} PUBLIC xtensa_xt_hal)

12
tools/cmake/ldgen.cmake
View File

@@ -135,16 +135,14 @@ function(__ldgen_create_target exe_target)
# Here we have two cases: # Here we have two cases:
# #
# 1. ${lib} is actually a target, but the target is outside the current scope. # 1. ${lib} is actually a target, but the target is outside the current scope.
# This is the case for imported library targets (such as those added by # This is the case for imported library targets which are not defined as GLOBAL.
# add_prebuilt_library), since by default imported targets are not # Libraries added using `add_prebuilt_library` are marked as GLOBAL, so they should
# visible outside the directory where they are defined, unless they are # be handled in the if block above.
# marked as GLOBAL.
# This case covers many (but not all) of IDF's prebuilt libraries.
# #
# 2. ${lib} is the name of a library, which the linker can find in its built-in # 2. ${lib} is the name of a library, which the linker can find in its built-in
# or specified search paths. # or specified search paths.
# This is the case for toolchain libraries (m, c, gcc, stdc++) as well # This is the case for toolchain libraries (m, c, gcc, stdc++), as well as
# as for some prebuilt libraries which have been added using `-lname -Lpath` # any prebuilt libraries which may have been added using `-lname -Lpath`
# style flags. # style flags.
# #
# If we can successfully find the absolute path of each such library, this # If we can successfully find the absolute path of each such library, this

8
tools/cmake/utilities.cmake
View File

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ function(target_linker_script target deptype scriptfiles)
# https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/command/target_link_options.html#option-de-duplication # https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/command/target_link_options.html#option-de-duplication
target_link_options("${target}" "${deptype}" "SHELL:-T ${scriptname}") target_link_options("${target}" "${deptype}" "SHELL:-T ${scriptname}")
# Note: In ESP-IDF, most targets are libraries and libary LINK_DEPENDS don't propagate to # Note: In ESP-IDF, most targets are libraries and library LINK_DEPENDS don't propagate to
# executable(s) the library is linked to. Since CMake 3.13, INTERFACE_LINK_DEPENDS is # executable(s) the library is linked to. Since CMake 3.13, INTERFACE_LINK_DEPENDS is
# available to solve this. However, when GNU Make generator is used, this property also # available to solve this. However, when GNU Make generator is used, this property also
# propagates INTERFACE_LINK_DEPENDS dependencies to other static libraries. # propagates INTERFACE_LINK_DEPENDS dependencies to other static libraries.
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ endfunction()
# fail_target # fail_target
# #
# Creates a phony target which fails when invoked. This is used when the necessary conditions # Creates a phony target which fails when invoked. This is used when the necessary conditions
# for a target are not met, such as configuration. Rather than ommitting the target altogether, # for a target are not met, such as configuration. Rather than omitting the target altogether,
# we fail execution with a helpful message. # we fail execution with a helpful message.
function(fail_target target_name message_line0) function(fail_target target_name message_line0)
idf_build_get_property(idf_path IDF_PATH) idf_build_get_property(idf_path IDF_PATH)
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ function(add_prebuilt_library target_name lib_path)
get_filename_component(lib_path "${lib_path}" get_filename_component(lib_path "${lib_path}"
ABSOLUTE BASE_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}") ABSOLUTE BASE_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}")
add_library(${target_name} STATIC IMPORTED) add_library(${target_name} STATIC IMPORTED GLOBAL)
set_property(TARGET ${target_name} PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${lib_path}) set_property(TARGET ${target_name} PROPERTY IMPORTED_LOCATION ${lib_path})
foreach(req ${__REQUIRES}) foreach(req ${__REQUIRES})
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ endfunction()
# add_deprecated_target_alias # add_deprecated_target_alias
# #
# Creates an alias for exising target and shows deprectation warning # Creates an alias for existing target and shows deprecation warning
function(add_deprecated_target_alias old_target new_target) function(add_deprecated_target_alias old_target new_target)
add_custom_target(${old_target} add_custom_target(${old_target}
# `COMMAND` is important to print the `COMMENT` message at the end of the target action. # `COMMAND` is important to print the `COMMENT` message at the end of the target action.

19
tools/test_apps/build_system/ldgen_test/check_placements.py
View File

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python #!/usr/bin/env python
# #
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020-2024 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD # SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020-2025 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
# #
# Check placements in this test app for main # Check placements in this test app for main
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
import argparse import argparse
import subprocess import subprocess
from pyparsing import alphanums
from pyparsing import hexnums
from pyparsing import LineEnd from pyparsing import LineEnd
from pyparsing import LineStart from pyparsing import LineStart
from pyparsing import Literal from pyparsing import Literal
from pyparsing import Optional from pyparsing import Optional
from pyparsing import Word from pyparsing import Word
from pyparsing import alphanums
from pyparsing import hexnums
argparser = argparse.ArgumentParser() argparser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
@@ -29,13 +29,16 @@ contents = subprocess.check_output([args.objdump, '-t', args.elf]).decode()
def check_location(symbol, expected): def check_location(symbol, expected):
pattern = (LineStart() + Word(hexnums).setResultsName('address') pattern = (
LineStart()
+ Word(hexnums).setResultsName('address')
+ Optional(Word(alphanums, exact=1)) + Optional(Word(alphanums, exact=1))
+ Optional(Word(alphanums, exact=1)) + Optional(Word(alphanums, exact=1))
+ Word(alphanums + '._*').setResultsName('actual') + Word(alphanums + '._*').setResultsName('actual')
+ Word(hexnums) + Word(hexnums)
+ Literal(symbol) + Literal(symbol)
+ LineEnd()) + LineEnd()
)
try: try:
results = pattern.searchString(contents)[0] results = pattern.searchString(contents)[0]
@@ -43,7 +46,9 @@ def check_location(symbol, expected):
raise Exception("check placement fail: '%s' was not found" % (symbol)) raise Exception("check placement fail: '%s' was not found" % (symbol))
if results.actual != expected: if results.actual != expected:
raise Exception("check placement fail: '%s' was placed in '%s', not in '%s'" % (symbol, results.actual, expected)) raise Exception(
"check placement fail: '%s' was placed in '%s', not in '%s'" % (symbol, results.actual, expected)
)
print("check placement pass: '%s' was successfully placed in '%s'" % (symbol, results.actual)) print("check placement pass: '%s' was successfully placed in '%s'" % (symbol, results.actual))
return int(results.address, 16) return int(results.address, 16)
@@ -82,3 +87,5 @@ check_location('func3', '.flash.text')
check_location('func4', '.iram0.text') check_location('func4', '.iram0.text')
check_location('const_array', '.dram0.data') check_location('const_array', '.dram0.data')
check_location('prebuilt_func', '.iram0.text')

14
tools/test_apps/build_system/ldgen_test/components/prebuilt/CMakeLists.txt Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
idf_component_register()
include(ExternalProject)
externalproject_add(subproject
SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/subproject
CMAKE_ARGS -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=${CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE}
BINARY_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/subproject"
INSTALL_COMMAND ""
BUILD_BYPRODUCTS "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/subproject/libprebuilt.a"
)
add_prebuilt_library(prebuilt "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/subproject/libprebuilt.a")
target_link_libraries(${COMPONENT_LIB} INTERFACE prebuilt)

5
tools/test_apps/build_system/ldgen_test/components/prebuilt/subproject/CMakeLists.txt Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.12)
project(prebuilt)
add_library(prebuilt STATIC prebuilt.c)
target_compile_options(prebuilt PRIVATE "-ffunction-sections" "-fdata-sections")

9
tools/test_apps/build_system/ldgen_test/components/prebuilt/subproject/prebuilt.c Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
/*
* SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2025 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR CC0-1.0
*/
int prebuilt_func(void)
{
return 42;
}

1
tools/test_apps/build_system/ldgen_test/main/CMakeLists.txt
View File

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
idf_component_register(SRCS "src1.c" "src2.c" "test_main.c" "consts.c" idf_component_register(SRCS "src1.c" "src2.c" "test_main.c" "consts.c"
INCLUDE_DIRS "." INCLUDE_DIRS "."
PRIV_REQUIRES prebuilt
LDFRAGMENTS "linker.lf") LDFRAGMENTS "linker.lf")

5
tools/test_apps/build_system/ldgen_test/main/linker.lf
View File

@@ -10,3 +10,8 @@ entries:
if SOC_RTC_MEM_SUPPORTED = y: if SOC_RTC_MEM_SUPPORTED = y:
src1:func2 (rtc) src1:func2 (rtc)
consts : const_array (noflash) consts : const_array (noflash)
[mapping:prebuilt]
archive: libprebuilt.a
entries:
prebuilt:prebuilt_func (noflash)

2
tools/test_apps/build_system/ldgen_test/main/test_main.c
View File

@@ -11,12 +11,14 @@ extern void func3(void);
extern void func4(void); extern void func4(void);
extern const int const_array[]; extern const int const_array[];
extern int prebuilt_func(void);
void app_main(void) void app_main(void)
{ {
func2(); func2();
func3(); func3();
func4(); func4();
prebuilt_func();
if (esp_ptr_in_dram(const_array)) { if (esp_ptr_in_dram(const_array)) {
printf("const_array placed in dram\n"); printf("const_array placed in dram\n");
} else { } else {