diff --git a/components/mbedtls/port/ecdsa/ecdsa_alt.c b/components/mbedtls/port/ecdsa/ecdsa_alt.c
index f65c687c88..01d6d9be44 100644
--- a/components/mbedtls/port/ecdsa/ecdsa_alt.c
+++ b/components/mbedtls/port/ecdsa/ecdsa_alt.c
@@ -182,15 +182,20 @@ static int esp_ecdsa_validate_efuse_block(mbedtls_ecp_group_id grp_id, int efuse
     expected_key_purpose_low = ESP_EFUSE_KEY_PURPOSE_ECDSA_KEY;
 #endif  /* !SOC_ECDSA_SUPPORT_CURVE_SPECIFIC_KEY_PURPOSES */
 
-    if (expected_key_purpose_low != esp_efuse_get_key_purpose((esp_efuse_block_t)low_blk)
-#if SOC_ECDSA_SUPPORT_CURVE_SPECIFIC_KEY_PURPOSES && SOC_ECDSA_SUPPORT_CURVE_P384
-        || expected_key_purpose_high != esp_efuse_get_key_purpose((esp_efuse_block_t)high_blk)
-#endif
-    ) {
+    if (expected_key_purpose_low != esp_efuse_get_key_purpose((esp_efuse_block_t)low_blk)) {
         ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Key burned in efuse has incorrect purpose");
         return MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY;
     }
 
+#if SOC_ECDSA_SUPPORT_CURVE_SPECIFIC_KEY_PURPOSES && SOC_ECDSA_SUPPORT_CURVE_P384
+    // Only check high block purpose for P384 curves that actually use it
+    if (grp_id == MBEDTLS_ECP_DP_SECP384R1 &&
+        expected_key_purpose_high != esp_efuse_get_key_purpose((esp_efuse_block_t)high_blk)) {
+        ESP_LOGE(TAG, "Key burned in efuse has incorrect purpose for high block");
+        return MBEDTLS_ERR_ECP_INVALID_KEY;
+    }
+#endif
+
     return 0;
 }
 #endif /* SOC_ECDSA_SUPPORT_EXPORT_PUBKEY || CONFIG_MBEDTLS_HARDWARE_ECDSA_SIGN */