forked from boostorg/beast
683 lines
19 KiB
C++
683 lines
19 KiB
C++
//
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// Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Vinnie Falco (vinnie dot falco at gmail dot com)
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//
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// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
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// file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
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//
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// Official repository: https://github.com/boostorg/beast
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//
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//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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//
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// Example: HTTP flex server (plain and SSL), asynchronous
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//
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//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#include "example/common/detect_ssl.hpp"
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#include "example/common/server_certificate.hpp"
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#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
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#include <boost/beast/http.hpp>
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#include <boost/beast/version.hpp>
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#include <boost/beast/_experimental/core/ssl_stream.hpp>
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#include <boost/asio/strand.hpp>
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#include <boost/config.hpp>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <cstdlib>
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#include <functional>
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#include <iostream>
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#include <memory>
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#include <string>
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#include <thread>
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namespace beast = boost::beast; // from <boost/beast.hpp>
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namespace http = beast::http; // from <boost/beast/http.hpp>
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namespace net = boost::asio; // from <boost/asio.hpp>
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namespace ssl = boost::asio::ssl; // from <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>
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using tcp = boost::asio::ip::tcp; // from <boost/asio/ip/tcp.hpp>
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// Return a reasonable mime type based on the extension of a file.
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beast::string_view
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mime_type(beast::string_view path)
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{
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using beast::iequals;
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auto const ext = [&path]
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{
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auto const pos = path.rfind(".");
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if(pos == beast::string_view::npos)
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return beast::string_view{};
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return path.substr(pos);
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}();
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if(iequals(ext, ".htm")) return "text/html";
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if(iequals(ext, ".html")) return "text/html";
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if(iequals(ext, ".php")) return "text/html";
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if(iequals(ext, ".css")) return "text/css";
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if(iequals(ext, ".txt")) return "text/plain";
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if(iequals(ext, ".js")) return "application/javascript";
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if(iequals(ext, ".json")) return "application/json";
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if(iequals(ext, ".xml")) return "application/xml";
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if(iequals(ext, ".swf")) return "application/x-shockwave-flash";
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if(iequals(ext, ".flv")) return "video/x-flv";
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if(iequals(ext, ".png")) return "image/png";
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if(iequals(ext, ".jpe")) return "image/jpeg";
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if(iequals(ext, ".jpeg")) return "image/jpeg";
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if(iequals(ext, ".jpg")) return "image/jpeg";
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if(iequals(ext, ".gif")) return "image/gif";
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if(iequals(ext, ".bmp")) return "image/bmp";
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if(iequals(ext, ".ico")) return "image/vnd.microsoft.icon";
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if(iequals(ext, ".tiff")) return "image/tiff";
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if(iequals(ext, ".tif")) return "image/tiff";
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if(iequals(ext, ".svg")) return "image/svg+xml";
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if(iequals(ext, ".svgz")) return "image/svg+xml";
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return "application/text";
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}
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// Append an HTTP rel-path to a local filesystem path.
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// The returned path is normalized for the platform.
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std::string
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path_cat(
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beast::string_view base,
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beast::string_view path)
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{
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if(base.empty())
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return std::string(path);
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std::string result(base);
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#if BOOST_MSVC
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char constexpr path_separator = '\\';
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if(result.back() == path_separator)
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result.resize(result.size() - 1);
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result.append(path.data(), path.size());
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for(auto& c : result)
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if(c == '/')
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c = path_separator;
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#else
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char constexpr path_separator = '/';
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if(result.back() == path_separator)
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result.resize(result.size() - 1);
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result.append(path.data(), path.size());
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#endif
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return result;
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}
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// This function produces an HTTP response for the given
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// request. The type of the response object depends on the
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// contents of the request, so the interface requires the
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// caller to pass a generic lambda for receiving the response.
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template<
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class Body, class Allocator,
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class Send>
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void
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handle_request(
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beast::string_view doc_root,
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http::request<Body, http::basic_fields<Allocator>>&& req,
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Send&& send)
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{
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// Returns a bad request response
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auto const bad_request =
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[&req](beast::string_view why)
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{
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http::response<http::string_body> res{http::status::bad_request, req.version()};
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res.set(http::field::server, BOOST_BEAST_VERSION_STRING);
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res.set(http::field::content_type, "text/html");
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res.keep_alive(req.keep_alive());
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res.body() = std::string(why);
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res.prepare_payload();
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return res;
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};
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// Returns a not found response
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auto const not_found =
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[&req](beast::string_view target)
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{
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http::response<http::string_body> res{http::status::not_found, req.version()};
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res.set(http::field::server, BOOST_BEAST_VERSION_STRING);
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res.set(http::field::content_type, "text/html");
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res.keep_alive(req.keep_alive());
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res.body() = "The resource '" + std::string(target) + "' was not found.";
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res.prepare_payload();
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return res;
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};
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// Returns a server error response
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auto const server_error =
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[&req](beast::string_view what)
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{
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http::response<http::string_body> res{http::status::internal_server_error, req.version()};
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res.set(http::field::server, BOOST_BEAST_VERSION_STRING);
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res.set(http::field::content_type, "text/html");
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res.keep_alive(req.keep_alive());
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res.body() = "An error occurred: '" + std::string(what) + "'";
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res.prepare_payload();
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return res;
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};
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// Make sure we can handle the method
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if( req.method() != http::verb::get &&
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req.method() != http::verb::head)
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return send(bad_request("Unknown HTTP-method"));
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// Request path must be absolute and not contain "..".
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if( req.target().empty() ||
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req.target()[0] != '/' ||
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req.target().find("..") != beast::string_view::npos)
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return send(bad_request("Illegal request-target"));
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// Build the path to the requested file
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std::string path = path_cat(doc_root, req.target());
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if(req.target().back() == '/')
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path.append("index.html");
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// Attempt to open the file
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beast::error_code ec;
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http::file_body::value_type body;
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body.open(path.c_str(), beast::file_mode::scan, ec);
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// Handle the case where the file doesn't exist
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if(ec == beast::errc::no_such_file_or_directory)
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return send(not_found(req.target()));
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// Handle an unknown error
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if(ec)
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return send(server_error(ec.message()));
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// Cache the size since we need it after the move
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auto const size = body.size();
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// Respond to HEAD request
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if(req.method() == http::verb::head)
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{
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http::response<http::empty_body> res{http::status::ok, req.version()};
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res.set(http::field::server, BOOST_BEAST_VERSION_STRING);
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res.set(http::field::content_type, mime_type(path));
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res.content_length(size);
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res.keep_alive(req.keep_alive());
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return send(std::move(res));
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}
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// Respond to GET request
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http::response<http::file_body> res{
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std::piecewise_construct,
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std::make_tuple(std::move(body)),
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std::make_tuple(http::status::ok, req.version())};
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res.set(http::field::server, BOOST_BEAST_VERSION_STRING);
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res.set(http::field::content_type, mime_type(path));
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res.content_length(size);
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res.keep_alive(req.keep_alive());
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return send(std::move(res));
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}
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//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// The type of plain streams
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using plain_stream_type = beast::tcp_stream<net::io_context::strand>;
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// The type of TLS streams
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using ssl_stream_type =
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beast::ssl_stream<beast::tcp_stream<net::io_context::strand>>;
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// Report a failure
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void
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fail(beast::error_code ec, char const* what)
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{
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std::cerr << what << ": " << ec.message() << "\n";
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}
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// Handles an HTTP server connection.
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// This uses the Curiously Recurring Template Pattern so that
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// the same code works with both SSL streams and regular sockets.
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template<class Derived>
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class session
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{
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// Access the derived class, this is part of
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// the Curiously Recurring Template Pattern idiom.
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Derived&
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derived()
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{
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return static_cast<Derived&>(*this);
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}
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// This is the C++11 equivalent of a generic lambda.
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// The function object is used to send an HTTP message.
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struct send_lambda
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{
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session& self_;
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explicit
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send_lambda(session& self)
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: self_(self)
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{
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}
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template<bool isRequest, class Body, class Fields>
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void
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operator()(http::message<isRequest, Body, Fields>&& msg) const
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{
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// The lifetime of the message has to extend
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// for the duration of the async operation so
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// we use a shared_ptr to manage it.
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auto sp = std::make_shared<
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http::message<isRequest, Body, Fields>>(std::move(msg));
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// Store a type-erased version of the shared
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// pointer in the class to keep it alive.
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self_.res_ = sp;
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// Write the response
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http::async_write(
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self_.derived().stream(),
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*sp,
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beast::bind_front_handler(
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&session::on_write,
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self_.derived().shared_from_this(),
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sp->need_eof()));
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}
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};
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std::shared_ptr<std::string const> doc_root_;
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http::request<http::string_body> req_;
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std::shared_ptr<void> res_;
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send_lambda lambda_;
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protected:
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beast::flat_buffer buffer_;
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public:
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// Take ownership of the buffer
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session(
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beast::flat_buffer buffer,
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std::shared_ptr<std::string const> const& doc_root)
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: doc_root_(doc_root)
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, lambda_(*this)
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, buffer_(std::move(buffer))
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{
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}
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void
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do_read()
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{
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// Set the timeout.
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beast::get_lowest_layer(
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derived().stream()).expires_after(std::chrono::seconds(30));
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// Read a request
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http::async_read(
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derived().stream(),
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buffer_,
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req_,
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beast::bind_front_handler(
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&session::on_read,
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derived().shared_from_this()));
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}
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void
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on_read(
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beast::error_code ec,
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std::size_t bytes_transferred)
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{
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boost::ignore_unused(bytes_transferred);
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// This means they closed the connection
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if(ec == http::error::end_of_stream)
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return derived().do_eof();
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if(ec)
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return fail(ec, "read");
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// Send the response
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handle_request(*doc_root_, std::move(req_), lambda_);
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}
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void
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on_write(
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bool close,
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beast::error_code ec,
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std::size_t bytes_transferred)
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{
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boost::ignore_unused(bytes_transferred);
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if(ec)
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return fail(ec, "write");
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if(close)
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{
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// This means we should close the connection, usually because
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// the response indicated the "Connection: close" semantic.
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return derived().do_eof();
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}
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// We're done with the response so delete it
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res_ = nullptr;
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// Read another request
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do_read();
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}
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};
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// Handles a plain HTTP connection
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class plain_session
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: public session<plain_session>
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, public std::enable_shared_from_this<plain_session>
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{
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plain_stream_type stream_;
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public:
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// Create the session
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plain_session(
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tcp::socket&& socket,
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beast::flat_buffer buffer,
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std::shared_ptr<std::string const> const& doc_root)
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: session<plain_session>(
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std::move(buffer),
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doc_root)
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, stream_(std::move(socket))
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{
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}
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// Called by the base class
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plain_stream_type&
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stream()
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{
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return stream_;
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}
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// Start the asynchronous operation
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void
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run()
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{
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do_read();
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}
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void
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do_eof()
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{
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// Send a TCP shutdown
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beast::error_code ec;
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stream_.socket().shutdown(tcp::socket::shutdown_send, ec);
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// At this point the connection is closed gracefully
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}
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};
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// Handles an SSL HTTP connection
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class ssl_session
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: public session<ssl_session>
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, public std::enable_shared_from_this<ssl_session>
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{
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ssl_stream_type stream_;
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public:
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// Create the session
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ssl_session(
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tcp::socket&& socket,
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ssl::context& ctx,
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beast::flat_buffer buffer,
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std::shared_ptr<std::string const> const& doc_root)
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: session<ssl_session>(
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std::move(buffer),
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doc_root)
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, stream_(std::move(socket), ctx)
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{
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}
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// Called by the base class
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ssl_stream_type&
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stream()
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{
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return stream_;
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}
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// Start the asynchronous operation
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void
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run()
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{
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// Set the timeout.
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beast::get_lowest_layer(stream_).expires_after(std::chrono::seconds(30));
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// Perform the SSL handshake
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// Note, this is the buffered version of the handshake.
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stream_.async_handshake(
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ssl::stream_base::server,
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buffer_.data(),
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beast::bind_front_handler(
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&ssl_session::on_handshake,
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shared_from_this()));
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}
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void
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on_handshake(
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beast::error_code ec,
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std::size_t bytes_used)
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{
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if(ec)
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return fail(ec, "handshake");
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// Consume the portion of the buffer used by the handshake
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buffer_.consume(bytes_used);
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do_read();
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}
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void
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do_eof()
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{
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// Set the timeout.
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beast::get_lowest_layer(stream_).expires_after(std::chrono::seconds(30));
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// Perform the SSL shutdown
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stream_.async_shutdown(
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beast::bind_front_handler(
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&ssl_session::on_shutdown,
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shared_from_this()));
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}
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void
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on_shutdown(beast::error_code ec)
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{
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if(ec)
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return fail(ec, "shutdown");
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// At this point the connection is closed gracefully
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}
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};
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//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// Detects SSL handshakes
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class detect_session : public std::enable_shared_from_this<detect_session>
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{
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plain_stream_type stream_;
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ssl::context& ctx_;
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std::shared_ptr<std::string const> doc_root_;
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beast::flat_buffer buffer_;
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public:
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detect_session(
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tcp::socket socket,
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ssl::context& ctx,
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std::shared_ptr<std::string const> const& doc_root)
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: stream_(std::move(socket))
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, ctx_(ctx)
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, doc_root_(doc_root)
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{
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}
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// Launch the detector
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void
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run()
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{
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// Set the timeout.
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beast::get_lowest_layer(stream_).expires_after(std::chrono::seconds(30));
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// Detect a TLS handshake
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async_detect_ssl(
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stream_,
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buffer_,
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beast::bind_front_handler(
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&detect_session::on_detect,
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shared_from_this()));
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}
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void
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on_detect(beast::error_code ec, boost::tribool result)
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{
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if(ec)
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return fail(ec, "detect");
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if(result)
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{
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// Launch SSL session
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std::make_shared<ssl_session>(
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stream_.release_socket(),
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ctx_,
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std::move(buffer_),
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doc_root_)->run();
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return;
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}
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// Launch plain session
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std::make_shared<plain_session>(
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stream_.release_socket(),
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std::move(buffer_),
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doc_root_)->run();
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}
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};
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// Accepts incoming connections and launches the sessions
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class listener : public std::enable_shared_from_this<listener>
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{
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ssl::context& ctx_;
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tcp::acceptor acceptor_;
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std::shared_ptr<std::string const> doc_root_;
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public:
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listener(
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net::io_context& ioc,
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ssl::context& ctx,
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tcp::endpoint endpoint,
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std::shared_ptr<std::string const> const& doc_root)
|
|
: ctx_(ctx)
|
|
, acceptor_(ioc)
|
|
, doc_root_(doc_root)
|
|
{
|
|
beast::error_code ec;
|
|
|
|
// Open the acceptor
|
|
acceptor_.open(endpoint.protocol(), ec);
|
|
if(ec)
|
|
{
|
|
fail(ec, "open");
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Allow address reuse
|
|
acceptor_.set_option(net::socket_base::reuse_address(true), ec);
|
|
if(ec)
|
|
{
|
|
fail(ec, "set_option");
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Bind to the server address
|
|
acceptor_.bind(endpoint, ec);
|
|
if(ec)
|
|
{
|
|
fail(ec, "bind");
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Start listening for connections
|
|
acceptor_.listen(
|
|
net::socket_base::max_listen_connections, ec);
|
|
if(ec)
|
|
{
|
|
fail(ec, "listen");
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Start accepting incoming connections
|
|
void
|
|
run()
|
|
{
|
|
if(! acceptor_.is_open())
|
|
return;
|
|
do_accept();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
do_accept()
|
|
{
|
|
acceptor_.async_accept(
|
|
beast::bind_front_handler(
|
|
&listener::on_accept,
|
|
shared_from_this()));
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void
|
|
on_accept(beast::error_code ec, tcp::socket sock)
|
|
{
|
|
if(ec)
|
|
{
|
|
fail(ec, "accept");
|
|
}
|
|
else
|
|
{
|
|
// Create the detector session and run it
|
|
std::make_shared<detect_session>(
|
|
std::move(sock),
|
|
ctx_,
|
|
doc_root_)->run();
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
// Accept another connection
|
|
do_accept();
|
|
}
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
|
|
{
|
|
// Check command line arguments.
|
|
if (argc != 5)
|
|
{
|
|
std::cerr <<
|
|
"Usage: http-server-flex <address> <port> <doc_root> <threads>\n" <<
|
|
"Example:\n" <<
|
|
" http-server-flex 0.0.0.0 8080 .\n";
|
|
return EXIT_FAILURE;
|
|
}
|
|
auto const address = net::ip::make_address(argv[1]);
|
|
auto const port = static_cast<unsigned short>(std::atoi(argv[2]));
|
|
auto const doc_root = std::make_shared<std::string>(argv[3]);
|
|
auto const threads = std::max<int>(1, std::atoi(argv[4]));
|
|
|
|
// The io_context is required for all I/O
|
|
net::io_context ioc{threads};
|
|
|
|
// The SSL context is required, and holds certificates
|
|
ssl::context ctx{ssl::context::sslv23};
|
|
|
|
// This holds the self-signed certificate used by the server
|
|
load_server_certificate(ctx);
|
|
|
|
// Create and launch a listening port
|
|
std::make_shared<listener>(
|
|
ioc,
|
|
ctx,
|
|
tcp::endpoint{address, port},
|
|
doc_root)->run();
|
|
|
|
// Run the I/O service on the requested number of threads
|
|
std::vector<std::thread> v;
|
|
v.reserve(threads - 1);
|
|
for(auto i = threads - 1; i > 0; --i)
|
|
v.emplace_back(
|
|
[&ioc]
|
|
{
|
|
ioc.run();
|
|
});
|
|
ioc.run();
|
|
|
|
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
|
|
}
|