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<title>Iterator Adaptor</title>
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</head>
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<div class="document" id="iterator-adaptor">
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<h1 class="title">Iterator Adaptor</h1>
<table class="docinfo" frame="void" rules="none">
<col class="docinfo-name" />
<col class="docinfo-content" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Author:</th>
<td>David Abrahams, Jeremy Siek, Thomas Witt</td></tr>
<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Contact:</th>
<td><a class="first reference" href="mailto:dave&#64;boost-consulting.com">dave&#64;boost-consulting.com</a>, <a class="reference" href="mailto:jsiek&#64;osl.iu.edu">jsiek&#64;osl.iu.edu</a>, <a class="last reference" href="mailto:witt&#64;ive.uni-hannover.de">witt&#64;ive.uni-hannover.de</a></td></tr>
<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Organization:</th>
<td><a class="first reference" href="http://www.boost-consulting.com">Boost Consulting</a>, Indiana University <a class="reference" href="http://www.osl.iu.edu">Open Systems
Lab</a>, University of Hanover <a class="last reference" href="http://www.ive.uni-hannover.de">Institute for Transport
Railway Operation and Construction</a></td></tr>
<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Date:</th>
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<td>2004-11-01</td></tr>
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<tr><th class="docinfo-name">Copyright:</th>
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<td>Copyright David Abrahams, Jeremy Siek, and Thomas Witt 2003.</td></tr>
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</tbody>
</table>
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<!-- Distributed under the Boost -->
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
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<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">abstract:</th><td class="field-body"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<!-- Distributed under the Boost -->
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
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<!-- Version 1.1 of this ReStructuredText document corresponds to
n1530_, the paper accepted by the LWG. -->
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<!-- Copyright David Abrahams, Jeremy Siek, and Thomas Witt 2003. -->
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<p>Each specialization of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> class template is derived from
a specialization of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_facade</span></tt>. The core interface functions
expected by <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_facade</span></tt> are implemented in terms of the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>'s <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> template parameter. A class derived
from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> typically redefines some of the core
interface functions to adapt the behavior of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> type.
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Whether the derived class models any of the standard iterator concepts
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depends on the operations supported by the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> type and which
core interface functions of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_facade</span></tt> are redefined in the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Derived</span></tt> class.</p>
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<div class="contents topic">
<p class="topic-title first"><a id="table-of-contents" name="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</a></p>
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<ul class="simple">
Finished iterator_adaptor tutorial Added example test code Rolled forward old counting_iterator abstract for boost docs. [SVN r21649]
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<li><a class="reference" href="#overview" id="id6" name="id6">Overview</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#reference" id="id7" name="id7">Reference</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference" href="#iterator-adaptor-requirements" id="id8" name="id8"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> requirements</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#iterator-adaptor-base-class-parameters" id="id9" name="id9"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> base class parameters</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#iterator-adaptor-public-operations" id="id10" name="id10"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> public operations</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#iterator-adaptor-protected-member-functions" id="id11" name="id11"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> protected member functions</a></li>
<li><a class="reference" href="#iterator-adaptor-private-member-functions" id="id12" name="id12"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> private member functions</a></li>
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</ul>
</li>
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<li><a class="reference" href="#tutorial-example" id="id13" name="id13">Tutorial Example</a></li>
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</ul>
</div>
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<div class="section">
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" id="overview" name="overview">Overview</a></h1>
<!-- Distributed under the Boost -->
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
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<!-- Version 1.2 of this ReStructuredText document corresponds to
n1530_, the paper accepted by the LWG for TR1. -->
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<!-- Copyright David Abrahams, Jeremy Siek, and Thomas Witt 2003. -->
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<p>The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> class template adapts some <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> <a class="footnote-reference" href="#base" id="id1" name="id1">[1]</a>
type to create a new iterator. Instantiations of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>
are derived from a corresponding instantiation of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_facade</span></tt>
and implement the core behaviors in terms of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> type. In
essence, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> merely forwards all operations to an
instance of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> type, which it stores as a member.</p>
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="base" rules="none">
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<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup>
<tbody valign="top">
Finished iterator_adaptor tutorial Added example test code Rolled forward old counting_iterator abstract for boost docs. [SVN r21649]
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<tr><td class="label"><a name="base">[1]</a></td><td><em>(<a class="fn-backref" href="#id1">1</a>, <a class="fn-backref" href="#id3">2</a>)</em> The term &quot;Base&quot; here does not refer to a base class and is
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not meant to imply the use of derivation. We have followed the lead
of the standard library, which provides a base() function to access
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the underlying iterator object of a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reverse_iterator</span></tt> adaptor.</td></tr>
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</tbody>
</table>
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<p>The user of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> creates a class derived from an
instantiation of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> and then selectively
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redefines some of the core member functions described in the
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_facade</span></tt> core requirements table. The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> type need
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not meet the full requirements for an iterator; it need only
support the operations used by the core interface functions of
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> that have not been redefined in the user's
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derived class.</p>
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<p>Several of the template parameters of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> default
to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_default</span></tt>. This allows the
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user to make use of a default parameter even when she wants to
specify a parameter later in the parameter list. Also, the
defaults for the corresponding associated types are somewhat
complicated, so metaprogramming is required to compute them, and
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_default</span></tt> can help to simplify the implementation. Finally,
the identity of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">use_default</span></tt> type is not left unspecified
because specification helps to highlight that the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Reference</span></tt>
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template parameter may not always be identical to the iterator's
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reference</span></tt> type, and will keep users from making mistakes based on
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that assumption.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section">
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" id="reference" name="reference">Reference</a></h1>
<!-- Distributed under the Boost -->
<!-- Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
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<!-- Version 1.4 of this ReStructuredText document corresponds to
n1530_, the paper accepted by the LWG for TR1. -->
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<!-- Copyright David Abrahams, Jeremy Siek, and Thomas Witt 2003. -->
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<pre class="literal-block">
template &lt;
class Derived
, class Base
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, class Value = use_default
, class CategoryOrTraversal = use_default
, class Reference = use_default
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, class Difference = use_default
&gt;
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class iterator_adaptor
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: public iterator_facade&lt;Derived, <em>V'</em>, <em>C'</em>, <em>R'</em>, <em>D'</em>&gt; // see <a class="reference" href="#base-parameters">details</a>
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{
friend class iterator_core_access;
public:
iterator_adaptor();
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explicit iterator_adaptor(Base const&amp; iter);
typedef Base base_type;
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Base const&amp; base() const;
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protected:
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typedef iterator_adaptor iterator_adaptor_;
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Base const&amp; base_reference() const;
Base&amp; base_reference();
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private: // Core iterator interface for iterator_facade.
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typename iterator_adaptor::reference dereference() const;
template &lt;
class OtherDerived, class OtherIterator, class V, class C, class R, class D
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&gt;
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bool equal(iterator_adaptor&lt;OtherDerived, OtherIterator, V, C, R, D&gt; const&amp; x) const;
void advance(typename iterator_adaptor::difference_type n);
void increment();
void decrement();
template &lt;
class OtherDerived, class OtherIterator, class V, class C, class R, class D
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&gt;
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typename iterator_adaptor::difference_type distance_to(
iterator_adaptor&lt;OtherDerived, OtherIterator, V, C, R, D&gt; const&amp; y) const;
private:
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Base m_iterator; // exposition only
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};
</pre>
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<div class="section">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" id="iterator-adaptor-requirements" name="iterator-adaptor-requirements"><span id="requirements"></span><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> requirements</a></h2>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">static_cast&lt;Derived*&gt;(iterator_adaptor*)</span></tt> shall be well-formed.
The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> argument shall be Assignable and Copy Constructible.</p>
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</div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" id="iterator-adaptor-base-class-parameters" name="iterator-adaptor-base-class-parameters"><span id="base-parameters"></span><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> base class parameters</a></h2>
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<p>The <em>V'</em>, <em>C'</em>, <em>R'</em>, and <em>D'</em> parameters of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_facade</span></tt>
used as a base class in the summary of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>
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2003-11-24 05:02:46 +00:00
above are defined as follows:</p>
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<pre class="literal-block">
Fixed base() to always return const&. Cleaned up iterator_adaptor specification of inheritance and base class parameters. [SVN r21821]
2004-01-18 20:54:59 +00:00
<em>V'</em> = if (Value is use_default)
Documentation updates, added GNUMakefile for building [SVN r20931]
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return iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::value_type
else
return Value
Fixed base() to always return const&. Cleaned up iterator_adaptor specification of inheritance and base class parameters. [SVN r21821]
2004-01-18 20:54:59 +00:00
<em>C'</em> = if (CategoryOrTraversal is use_default)
Documentation updates, added GNUMakefile for building [SVN r20931]
2003-11-24 05:02:46 +00:00
return iterator_traversal&lt;Base&gt;::type
else
return CategoryOrTraversal
fixed up copyrights, some small progress on new adaptor category choice semantics [SVN r20047]
2003-09-14 02:17:41 +00:00
Fixed base() to always return const&. Cleaned up iterator_adaptor specification of inheritance and base class parameters. [SVN r21821]
2004-01-18 20:54:59 +00:00
<em>R'</em> = if (Reference is use_default)
Documentation updates, added GNUMakefile for building [SVN r20931]
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if (Value is use_default)
return iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::reference
else
return Value&amp;
else
return Reference
Fixed base() to always return const&. Cleaned up iterator_adaptor specification of inheritance and base class parameters. [SVN r21821]
2004-01-18 20:54:59 +00:00
<em>D'</em> = if (Difference is use_default)
Documentation updates, added GNUMakefile for building [SVN r20931]
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return iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::difference_type
else
return Difference
</pre>
last nights intense scramble to get a revision ready for the C++ std committee [SVN r21828]
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<!-- ``iterator_adaptor`` models
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
In order for ``Derived`` to model the iterator concepts corresponding
to ``iterator_traits<Derived>::iterator_category``, the expressions
involving ``m_iterator`` in the specifications of those private member
functions of ``iterator_adaptor`` that may be called by
``iterator_facade<Derived, V, C, R, D>`` in evaluating any valid
expression involving ``Derived`` in those concepts' requirements. -->
a couple edits [SVN r21636]
2004-01-12 18:07:12 +00:00
<!-- The above is confusing and needs a rewrite. -JGS -->
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<!-- That's why it's removed. We're embracing inheritance, remember? -->
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</div>
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<div class="section">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10" id="iterator-adaptor-public-operations" name="iterator-adaptor-public-operations"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> public operations</a></h2>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor();</span></tt></p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Requires:</th><td class="field-body">The <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> type must be Default Constructible.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">An instance of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> with
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt> default constructed.</td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">explicit</span> <span class="pre">iterator_adaptor(Base</span> <span class="pre">const&amp;</span> <span class="pre">iter);</span></tt></p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">An instance of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> with
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt> copy constructed from <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iter</span></tt>.</td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span> <span class="pre">const&amp;</span> <span class="pre">base()</span> <span class="pre">const;</span></tt></p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt></td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
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<div class="section">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11" id="iterator-adaptor-protected-member-functions" name="iterator-adaptor-protected-member-functions"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> protected member functions</a></h2>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span> <span class="pre">const&amp;</span> <span class="pre">base_reference()</span> <span class="pre">const;</span></tt></p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">A const reference to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt>.</td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base&amp;</span> <span class="pre">base_reference();</span></tt></p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">A non-const reference to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt>.</td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
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<div class="section">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12" id="iterator-adaptor-private-member-functions" name="iterator-adaptor-private-member-functions"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> private member functions</a></h2>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">typename</span> <span class="pre">iterator_adaptor::reference</span> <span class="pre">dereference()</span> <span class="pre">const;</span></tt></p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">*m_iterator</span></tt></td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<pre class="literal-block">
template &lt;
class OtherDerived, class OtherIterator, class V, class C, class R, class D
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&gt;
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bool equal(iterator_adaptor&lt;OtherDerived, OtherIterator, V, C, R, D&gt; const&amp; x) const;
</pre>
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span> <span class="pre">==</span> <span class="pre">x.base()</span></tt></td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">void</span> <span class="pre">advance(typename</span> <span class="pre">iterator_adaptor::difference_type</span> <span class="pre">n);</span></tt></p>
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<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Effects:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_iterator</span> <span class="pre">+=</span> <span class="pre">n;</span></tt></td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">void</span> <span class="pre">increment();</span></tt></p>
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<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Effects:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">++m_iterator;</span></tt></td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
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<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">void</span> <span class="pre">decrement();</span></tt></p>
<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Effects:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--m_iterator;</span></tt></td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<pre class="literal-block">
template &lt;
class OtherDerived, class OtherIterator, class V, class C, class R, class D
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&gt;
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typename iterator_adaptor::difference_type distance_to(
iterator_adaptor&lt;OtherDerived, OtherIterator, V, C, R, D&gt; const&amp; y) const;
</pre>
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<table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
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<col class="field-name" />
<col class="field-body" />
<tbody valign="top">
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">y.base()</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">m_iterator</span></tt></td>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="section">
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13" id="tutorial-example" name="tutorial-example">Tutorial Example</a></h1>
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<!-- Copyright David Abrahams 2004. Use, modification and distribution is -->
<!-- subject to the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying -->
<!-- file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) -->
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<p>In this section we'll further refine the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iter</span></tt> class
template we developed in the <a class="reference" href="iterator_facade.html#tutorial-example"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_facade</span></tt> tutorial</a>. If you haven't already
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read that material, you should go back now and check it out because
we're going to pick up right where it left off.</p>
<div class="sidebar">
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<p class="first sidebar-title"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_base*</span></tt> really <em>is</em> an iterator</p>
<p class="last">It's not really a very interesting iterator, since <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_base</span></tt>
is an abstract class: a pointer to a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_base</span></tt> just points
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at some base subobject of an instance of some other class, and
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incrementing a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_base*</span></tt> moves it past this base subobject
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to who-knows-where? The most we can do with that incremented
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position is to compare another <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_base*</span></tt> to it. In other
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words, the original iterator traverses a one-element array.</p>
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</div>
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<p>You probably didn't think of it this way, but the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_base*</span></tt>
object that underlies <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iterator</span></tt> is itself an iterator,
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just like all other pointers. If we examine that pointer closely
from an iterator perspective, we can see that it has much in common
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with the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iterator</span></tt> we're building. First, they share most
of the same associated types (<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value_type</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reference</span></tt>,
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pointer</span></tt>, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">difference_type</span></tt>). Second, even some of the
core functionality is the same: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator*</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">operator==</span></tt> on
the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iterator</span></tt> return the result of invoking the same
operations on the underlying pointer, via the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iterator</span></tt>'s
<a class="reference" href="iterator_facade.html#implementing-the-core-operations"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">dereference</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">equal</span></tt> member functions</a>). The only real behavioral difference
between <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_base*</span></tt> and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iterator</span></tt> can be observed when
they are incremented: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iterator</span></tt> follows the
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">m_next</span></tt> pointer, while <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_base*</span></tt> just applies an address offset.</p>
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<p>It turns out that the pattern of building an iterator on another
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iterator-like type (the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> <a class="footnote-reference" href="#base" id="id3" name="id3">[1]</a> type) while modifying
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just a few aspects of the underlying type's behavior is an
extremely common one, and it's the pattern addressed by
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>. Using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> is very much like
using <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_facade</span></tt>, but because iterator_adaptor tries to
mimic as much of the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> type's behavior as possible, we
neither have to supply a <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Value</span></tt> argument, nor implement any core
behaviors other than <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">increment</span></tt>. The implementation of
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iter</span></tt> is thus reduced to:</p>
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<pre class="literal-block">
template &lt;class Value&gt;
class node_iter
: public boost::iterator_adaptor&lt;
node_iter&lt;Value&gt; // Derived
, Value* // Base
, boost::use_default // Value
, boost::forward_traversal_tag // CategoryOrTraversal
&gt;
{
private:
struct enabler {}; // a private type avoids misuse
public:
node_iter()
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: node_iter::iterator_adaptor_(0) {}
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explicit node_iter(Value* p)
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: node_iter::iterator_adaptor_(p) {}
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template &lt;class OtherValue&gt;
node_iter(
node_iter&lt;OtherValue&gt; const&amp; other
, typename boost::enable_if&lt;
boost::is_convertible&lt;OtherValue*,Value*&gt;
, enabler
&gt;::type = enabler()
)
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: node_iter::iterator_adaptor_(other.base()) {}
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private:
friend class boost::iterator_core_access;
void increment() { this-&gt;base_reference() = this-&gt;base()-&gt;next(); }
};
</pre>
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<p>Note the use of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iter::iterator_adaptor_</span></tt> here: because
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> defines a nested <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor_</span></tt> type
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that refers to itself, that gives us a convenient way to refer to
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the complicated base class type of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iter&lt;Value&gt;</span></tt>. [Note:
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this technique is known not to work with Borland C++ 5.6.4 and
Metrowerks CodeWarrior versions prior to 9.0]</p>
<p>You can see an example program that exercises this version of the
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node iterators <a class="reference" href="../example/node_iterator3.cpp">here</a>.</p>
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<p>In the case of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iter</span></tt>, it's not very compelling to pass
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost::use_default</span></tt> as <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>'s <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Value</span></tt>
argument; we could have just passed <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">node_iter</span></tt>'s <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Value</span></tt>
along to <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>, and that'd even be shorter! Most
iterator class templates built with <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt> are
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parameterized on another iterator type, rather than on its
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">value_type</span></tt>. For example, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost::reverse_iterator</span></tt> takes an
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iterator type argument and reverses its direction of traversal,
since the original iterator and the reversed one have all the same
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associated types, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>'s delegation of default
types to its <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> saves the implementor of
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">boost::reverse_iterator</span></tt> from writing:</p>
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<pre class="literal-block">
std::iterator_traits&lt;Iterator&gt;::<em>some-associated-type</em>
</pre>
<p>at least four times.</p>
<p>We urge you to review the documentation and implementations of
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<a class="reference" href="reverse_iterator.html"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">reverse_iterator</span></tt></a> and the other Boost <a class="reference" href="index.html#specialized-adaptors">specialized iterator
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adaptors</a> to get an idea of the sorts of things you can do with
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<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>. In particular, have a look at
<a class="reference" href="transform_iterator.html"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">transform_iterator</span></tt></a>, which is perhaps the most straightforward
adaptor, and also <a class="reference" href="counting_iterator.html"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">counting_iterator</span></tt></a>, which demonstrates that
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">iterator_adaptor</span></tt>'s <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Base</span></tt> type needn't be an iterator.</p>
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</div>
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