diff --git a/.gitlab/ci/target-test.yml b/.gitlab/ci/target-test.yml
index c66bd7c643..64fa9daa45 100644
--- a/.gitlab/ci/target-test.yml
+++ b/.gitlab/ci/target-test.yml
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ UT_001:
 
 UT_002:
   extends: .unit_test_esp32_template
-  parallel: 15
+  parallel: 16
   tags:
     - ESP32_IDF
     - UT_T1_1
diff --git a/components/bootloader/Kconfig.projbuild b/components/bootloader/Kconfig.projbuild
index 5bd299c9df..609bc221a6 100644
--- a/components/bootloader/Kconfig.projbuild
+++ b/components/bootloader/Kconfig.projbuild
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ menu "Bootloader config"
             Allows to reset the device to factory settings:
             - clear one or more data partitions;
             - boot from "factory" partition.
-            The factory reset will occur if there is a GPIO input pulled low while device starts up.
-            See settings below.
+            The factory reset will occur if there is a GPIO input held at the configured level while
+            device starts up. See settings below.
 
     config BOOTLOADER_NUM_PIN_FACTORY_RESET
         int "Number of the GPIO input for factory reset"
@@ -127,9 +127,23 @@ menu "Bootloader config"
         range 0 44 if IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2
         default 4
         help
-            The selected GPIO will be configured as an input with internal pull-up enabled.
-            To trigger a factory reset, this GPIO must be pulled low on reset.
-            Note that GPIO34-39 do not have an internal pullup and an external one must be provided.
+            The selected GPIO will be configured as an input with internal pull-up enabled (note that on some SoCs.
+            not all pins have an internal pull-up, consult the hardware datasheet for details.) To trigger a factory
+            reset, this GPIO must be held high or low (as configured) on startup.
+
+    choice BOOTLOADER_FACTORY_RESET_PIN_LEVEL
+        bool "Factory reset GPIO level"
+        depends on BOOTLOADER_FACTORY_RESET
+        default BOOTLOADER_FACTORY_RESET_PIN_LOW
+        help
+            Pin level for factory reset, can be triggered on low or high.
+
+        config BOOTLOADER_FACTORY_RESET_PIN_LOW
+            bool "Reset on GPIO low"
+
+        config BOOTLOADER_FACTORY_RESET_PIN_HIGH
+            bool "Reset on GPIO high"
+    endchoice
 
     config BOOTLOADER_OTA_DATA_ERASE
         bool "Clear OTA data on factory reset (select factory partition)"
diff --git a/components/bootloader/subproject/main/bootloader_start.c b/components/bootloader/subproject/main/bootloader_start.c
index d4dc51dd77..4a589beb7f 100644
--- a/components/bootloader/subproject/main/bootloader_start.c
+++ b/components/bootloader/subproject/main/bootloader_start.c
@@ -90,7 +90,11 @@ static int selected_boot_partition(const bootloader_state_t *bs)
     if (bootloader_common_get_reset_reason(0) != DEEPSLEEP_RESET) {
         // Factory firmware.
 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_FACTORY_RESET
-        if (bootloader_common_check_long_hold_gpio(CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_NUM_PIN_FACTORY_RESET, CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_HOLD_TIME_GPIO) == 1) {
+        bool reset_level = false;
+#if CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_FACTORY_RESET_PIN_HIGH
+        reset_level = true;
+#endif
+        if (bootloader_common_check_long_hold_gpio_level(CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_NUM_PIN_FACTORY_RESET, CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_HOLD_TIME_GPIO, reset_level) == GPIO_LONG_HOLD) {
             ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Detect a condition of the factory reset");
             bool ota_data_erase = false;
 #ifdef CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_OTA_DATA_ERASE
diff --git a/components/bootloader_support/include/bootloader_common.h b/components/bootloader_support/include/bootloader_common.h
index 3fb97c65fc..2e7ad748da 100644
--- a/components/bootloader_support/include/bootloader_common.h
+++ b/components/bootloader_support/include/bootloader_common.h
@@ -62,18 +62,37 @@ bool bootloader_common_ota_select_valid(const esp_ota_select_entry_t *s);
 bool bootloader_common_ota_select_invalid(const esp_ota_select_entry_t *s);
 
 /**
- * @brief Check if the GPIO input is a long hold or a short hold.
+ * @brief Check if a GPIO input is held low for a long period, short period, or not
+ * at all.
+ *
+ * This function will configure the specified GPIO as an input with internal pull-up enabled.
  *
- * Number of the GPIO input will be configured as an input with internal pull-up enabled.
  * If the GPIO input is held low continuously for delay_sec period then it is a long hold.
  * If the GPIO input is held low for less period then it is a short hold.
  *
  * @param[in] num_pin Number of the GPIO input.
  * @param[in] delay_sec Input must be driven low for at least this long, continuously.
- * @return esp_comm_gpio_hold_t Defines type of hold a GPIO in low state.
+ * @return esp_comm_gpio_hold_t Type of low level hold detected, if any.
  */
 esp_comm_gpio_hold_t bootloader_common_check_long_hold_gpio(uint32_t num_pin, uint32_t delay_sec);
 
+/**
+ * @brief Check if a GPIO input is held low or high for a long period, short period, or not
+ * at all.
+ *
+ * This function will configure the specified GPIO as an input with internal pull-up enabled.
+ *
+ * If the GPIO input is held at 'level' continuously for delay_sec period then it is a long hold.
+ * If the GPIO input is held at 'level' for less period then it is a short hold.
+ *
+ * @param[in] num_pin Number of the GPIO input.
+ * @param[in] delay_sec Input must be driven to 'level' for at least this long, continuously.
+ * @param[in] level Input pin level to trigger on hold
+ * @return esp_comm_gpio_hold_t Type of hold detected, if any.
+ */
+esp_comm_gpio_hold_t bootloader_common_check_long_hold_gpio_level(uint32_t num_pin, uint32_t delay_sec, bool level);
+
+
 /**
  * @brief Erase the partition data that is specified in the transferred list.
  *
diff --git a/components/bootloader_support/src/bootloader_common.c b/components/bootloader_support/src/bootloader_common.c
index f8541add5e..ad967ef7ca 100644
--- a/components/bootloader_support/src/bootloader_common.c
+++ b/components/bootloader_support/src/bootloader_common.c
@@ -40,6 +40,11 @@
 static const char* TAG = "boot_comm";
 
 esp_comm_gpio_hold_t bootloader_common_check_long_hold_gpio(uint32_t num_pin, uint32_t delay_sec)
+{
+    return bootloader_common_check_long_hold_gpio_level(num_pin, delay_sec, false);
+}
+
+esp_comm_gpio_hold_t bootloader_common_check_long_hold_gpio_level(uint32_t num_pin, uint32_t delay_sec, bool level)
 {
     esp_rom_gpio_pad_select_gpio(num_pin);
     if (GPIO_PIN_MUX_REG[num_pin]) {
@@ -47,11 +52,11 @@ esp_comm_gpio_hold_t bootloader_common_check_long_hold_gpio(uint32_t num_pin, ui
     }
     esp_rom_gpio_pad_pullup_only(num_pin);
     uint32_t tm_start = esp_log_early_timestamp();
-    if (gpio_ll_get_level(&GPIO, num_pin) == 1) {
+    if (gpio_ll_get_level(&GPIO, num_pin) != level) {
         return GPIO_NOT_HOLD;
     }
     do {
-        if (gpio_ll_get_level(&GPIO, num_pin) != 0) {
+        if (gpio_ll_get_level(&GPIO, num_pin) != level) {
             return GPIO_SHORT_HOLD;
         }
     } while (delay_sec > ((esp_log_early_timestamp() - tm_start) / 1000L));
diff --git a/docs/en/api-guides/bootloader.rst b/docs/en/api-guides/bootloader.rst
index 830f05dbc4..dc9cb4c99b 100644
--- a/docs/en/api-guides/bootloader.rst
+++ b/docs/en/api-guides/bootloader.rst
@@ -70,9 +70,11 @@ Partitions of type "app" cannot be specified here.
 
 :ref:`CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_OTA_DATA_ERASE` - the device will boot from "factory" partition after a factory reset. The OTA data partition will be cleared.
 
-:ref:`CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_NUM_PIN_FACTORY_RESET`- number of the GPIO input for factory reset uses to trigger a factory reset, this GPIO must be pulled low on reset to trigger this. 
+:ref:`CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_NUM_PIN_FACTORY_RESET`- number of the GPIO input for factory reset uses to trigger a factory reset, this GPIO must be pulled low or high (configurable) on reset to trigger this.
 
-:ref:`CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_HOLD_TIME_GPIO`- this is hold time of GPIO for reset/test mode (by default 5 seconds). The GPIO must be held low continuously for this period of time after reset before a factory reset or test partition boot (as applicable) is performed.
+:ref:`CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_HOLD_TIME_GPIO`- this is hold time of GPIO for reset/test mode (by default 5 seconds). The GPIO must be held continuously for this period of time after reset before a factory reset or test partition boot (as applicable) is performed.
+
+:ref:`CONFIG_BOOTLOADER_FACTORY_RESET_PIN_LEVEL` - configure whether a factory reset should trigger on a high or low level of the GPIO. If the GPIO has an internal pullup then this is enabled before the pin is sampled, consult the {IDF_TARGET_NAME} datasheet for details on pin internal pullups.
 
 Partition table.::
 
diff --git a/tools/ci/python_packages/tiny_test_fw/Utility/CIAssignTest.py b/tools/ci/python_packages/tiny_test_fw/Utility/CIAssignTest.py
index ae3b23425c..491f5c0475 100644
--- a/tools/ci/python_packages/tiny_test_fw/Utility/CIAssignTest.py
+++ b/tools/ci/python_packages/tiny_test_fw/Utility/CIAssignTest.py
@@ -46,9 +46,12 @@ import re
 import yaml
 
 try:
-    from yaml import CLoader as Loader
+    from yaml import CLoader
+    has_cloader = True
 except ImportError:
-    from yaml import Loader as Loader
+    has_cloader = False
+
+from yaml import Loader
 
 from . import CaseConfig, GitlabCIJob, SearchCases, console_log
 
@@ -180,7 +183,7 @@ class AssignTest(object):
     def _parse_gitlab_ci_config(self, ci_config_file):
 
         with open(ci_config_file, 'r') as f:
-            ci_config = yaml.load(f, Loader=Loader)
+            ci_config = yaml.load(f, Loader=CLoader if has_cloader else Loader)
 
         job_list = list()
         for job_name in ci_config:
@@ -319,7 +322,7 @@ class AssignTest(object):
         # failures
         if failed_to_assign:
             console_log('Too many test cases vs jobs to run. '
-                        'Please increase parallel count in tools/ci/config/target-test.yml '
+                        'Please increase parallel count in .gitlab/ci/target-test.yml '
                         'for jobs with specific tags:', 'R')
             failed_group_count = self._count_groups_by_keys(failed_to_assign)
             for tags in failed_group_count: