fix(asio): Removes esp_exception and make all examples to use exceptions

The usage of esp_exception header defining the exception handler
prevents users to customize the exception treatment. By removing it
we allow users that want to run without exceptions to customize the
behavior.

components/asio/examples/async_request/sdkconfig.defaults

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+CONFIG_ESP_MAIN_TASK_STACK_SIZE=8192
+CONFIG_COMPILER_CXX_EXCEPTIONS=y
+
+#
+# Partition Table
+#
+# Leave some room for larger apps without needing to reduce other features
+CONFIG_PARTITION_TABLE_SINGLE_APP_LARGE=y