diff --git a/doc/DESIGN.md b/doc/DESIGN.md
index e574d55a..09754cae 100644
--- a/doc/DESIGN.md
+++ b/doc/DESIGN.md
@@ -246,15 +246,21 @@ concept Unit =
     detail::is_unit<downcast_base_t<T>>;  // exposition only
 ```
 
-Coherent derived units (units with `ratio<1>`) are created with a `coherent_derived_unit` class
-template:
+Coherent derived units (units with `ratio<1>`) are created with a `named_coherent_derived_unit`
+or `coherent_derived_unit` class templates:
 
 ```cpp
-template<typename Child, fixed_string Symbol, Dimension D, typename PrefixType = no_prefix>
-struct coherent_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, ratio<1>>> {
+template<typename Child, basic_fixed_string Symbol, Dimension D, typename PrefixType = no_prefix>
+struct named_coherent_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, ratio<1>>> {
   static constexpr auto symbol = Symbol;
   using prefix_type = PrefixType;
 };
+
+template<typename Child, Dimension D, typename PrefixType = no_prefix>
+struct coherent_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, ratio<1>>> {
+  static constexpr auto symbol = /* ... */;
+  using prefix_type = PrefixType;
+};
 ```
 
 The above exposes public `prefix_type` member type and `symbol` used to print unit symbol
@@ -264,26 +270,31 @@ data).
 For example to define the coherent unit of `length`:
 
 ```cpp
-struct metre : coherent_derived_unit<metre, "m", length, si_prefix> {};
+struct metre : named_coherent_derived_unit<metre, "m", length, si_prefix> {};
 ```
 
 Again, similarly to `derived_dimension`, the first class template parameter is a CRTP idiom used
 to provide downcasting facility (described below).
 
-To create the rest of derived units the following class template can be used:
+To create the rest of derived units the following class templates can be used:
 
 ```cpp
 template<typename Child, basic_fixed_string Symbol, Dimension D, Ratio R>
-struct derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, R>> {
+struct named_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, R>> {
   static constexpr auto symbol = Symbol;
 };
+
+template<typename Child, Dimension D, Ratio R>
+struct derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, R>> {
+  static constexpr auto symbol = /* ... */;
+};
 ```
 
-User has to provide a symbol name, dimension, and a ratio relative to a coherent derived unit.
-For example to define `minute`:
+User has to provide a symbol name (in case of a named unit), dimension, and a ratio relative
+to a coherent derived unit. For example to define `minute`:
 
 ```cpp
-struct minute : derived_unit<minute, "min", time, ratio<60>> {};
+struct minute : named_derived_unit<minute, "min", time, ratio<60>> {};
 ```
 
 The `mp-units` library provides also a few helper class templates to simplify the above process.
@@ -329,16 +340,22 @@ For the cases where determining the exact ratio is not trivial another helper ca
 
 ```cpp
 template<typename Child, basic_fixed_string Symbol, Dimension D, Unit U, Unit... Us>
-struct deduced_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, detail::make_derived_unit<D, U, Us...>> {
+struct named_deduced_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, detail::make_derived_unit<D, U, Us...>> {
   static constexpr auto symbol = Symbol;
 };
+
+template<typename Child, Dimension D, Unit U, Unit... Us>
+struct deduced_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, detail::make_derived_unit<D, U, Us...>> {
+  static constexpr auto symbol = /* ... */;
+};
 ```
 
 This will deduce the ratio based on the ingredient units and their relation defined in the
-dimension:
+dimension and in case the symbol name is not explicitly provided it with create one based
+on the provided ingredients:
 
 ```cpp
-struct mile_per_hour : deduced_derived_unit<mile_per_hour, "mi/h", velocity, mile, hour> {};
+struct mile_per_hour : deduced_derived_unit<mile_per_hour, velocity, mile, hour> {};
 ```
 
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/bits/format_utils.h b/src/include/units/bits/format_utils.h
index 2749e87c..eb407530 100644
--- a/src/include/units/bits/format_utils.h
+++ b/src/include/units/bits/format_utils.h
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <units/unit.h>
+#include <units/dimension.h>
+#include <units/prefix.h>
 #include <ostream>
 #include <string_view>
 
@@ -61,30 +62,92 @@ namespace units {
       }
     }
 
-    template<typename CharT, typename Traits, typename... Es>
-    void print_dimensions(std::basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os, dimension<Es...>)
+
+    template<int Value>
+      requires (0 <= Value) && (Value < 10)
+    inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number = "\u2070";
+
+//    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<0> = "\u2070";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<1> = "\u00b9";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<2> = "\u00b2";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<3> = "\u00b3";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<4> = "\u2074";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<5> = "\u2075";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<6> = "\u2076";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<7> = "\u2077";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<8> = "\u2078";
+    template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<9> = "\u2079";
+
+    template<int Value>
+      requires (Value >= 0)
+    constexpr auto superscript()
     {
-      bool first = true;
-      auto ingr_printer = [&]<typename E>(E) {
-        if constexpr(E::num < 0) {
-          os << (first ? "1/" : "/");
+      if constexpr(Value < 10)
+        return superscript_number<Value>;
+      else
+        return superscript<Value / 10>() + superscript<Value % 10>();
+    }
+
+    template<int Value>
+      requires (Value >= 0)
+    constexpr auto regular()
+    {
+      if constexpr(Value < 10)
+        return basic_fixed_string(static_cast<char>('0' + Value));
+      else
+        return regular<Value / 10>() + regular<Value % 10>();
+    }
+
+
+    template<bool Divide, std::size_t Idx>
+    constexpr auto operator_txt()
+    {
+      if constexpr(Idx == 0) {
+        if constexpr(Divide) {
+          return basic_fixed_string("1/");
         }
         else {
-          os << (first ? "" : "⋅");
+          return basic_fixed_string("");
         }
-        os << E::dimension::symbol;
-        if constexpr(E::den != 1) {
-          os << "^(" << abs(E::num) << "/" << E::den << ")";
+      }
+      else {
+        if constexpr(Divide) {
+          return basic_fixed_string("/");
         }
-        else if constexpr(abs(E::num) != 1) {
-          // if constexpr(is_unicode<CharT>)
-          //   os << superscript<abs(E::num)>;
-          // else
-            os << "^" << abs(E::num);
+        else {
+          return basic_fixed_string("⋅");
         }
-        first = false;
-      };
-      (ingr_printer(Es{}), ...);
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename E, std::size_t Idx>
+    constexpr auto exp_txt()
+    {
+      // get calculation operator + symbol
+      const auto txt = operator_txt<E::num < 0, Idx>() + E::dimension::symbol;
+      if constexpr(E::den != 1) {
+        // add root part
+        return txt + basic_fixed_string("^(") + regular<abs(E::num)>() + basic_fixed_string("/") + regular<E::den>() + basic_fixed_string(")");
+      }
+      else if constexpr(abs(E::num) != 1) {
+        // add exponent part
+        return txt + superscript<abs(E::num)>();
+      }
+      else {
+        return txt;
+      }
+    }
+
+    template<typename... Es, std::size_t... Idxs>
+    constexpr auto symbol_text_impl(dimension<Es...>, std::index_sequence<Idxs...>)
+    {
+      return (exp_txt<Es, Idxs>() + ...);
+    }
+
+    template<typename... Es>
+    constexpr auto symbol_text(dimension<Es...> d)
+    {
+      return symbol_text_impl<>(d, std::index_sequence_for<Es...>());
     }
 
   }
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/acceleration.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/acceleration.h
index 8a0f3510..de4f9d73 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/acceleration.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/acceleration.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Acceleration = QuantityOf<T, acceleration>;
 
-  struct metre_per_second_sq : coherent_derived_unit<metre_per_second_sq, "m/s^2", acceleration> {};
+  struct metre_per_second_sq : coherent_derived_unit<metre_per_second_sq, acceleration> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/area.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/area.h
index 89ce34ff..b5d36938 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/area.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/area.h
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Area = QuantityOf<T, area>;
 
-  struct square_metre : coherent_derived_unit<square_metre, "m^2", area> {};
-  struct square_millimetre : deduced_derived_unit<square_millimetre, "mm^2", area, millimetre> {};
-  struct square_centimetre : deduced_derived_unit<square_centimetre, "cm^2", area, centimetre> {};
-  struct square_kilometre : deduced_derived_unit<square_kilometre, "km^2", area, kilometre> {};
-  struct square_foot : deduced_derived_unit<square_foot, "ft^2", area, foot> {};
+  struct square_metre : coherent_derived_unit<square_metre, area> {};
+  struct square_millimetre : deduced_derived_unit<square_millimetre, area, millimetre> {};
+  struct square_centimetre : deduced_derived_unit<square_centimetre, area, centimetre> {};
+  struct square_kilometre : deduced_derived_unit<square_kilometre, area, kilometre> {};
+  struct square_foot : deduced_derived_unit<square_foot, area, foot> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/capacitance.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/capacitance.h
index 683af249..42558471 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/capacitance.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/capacitance.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Capacitance =  QuantityOf<T, capacitance>;
 
-  struct farad : coherent_derived_unit<farad, "F", capacitance, si_prefix> {};
+  struct farad : named_coherent_derived_unit<farad, "F", capacitance, si_prefix> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/current.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/current.h
index 101eb62a..bf2c608f 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/current.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/current.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Current = QuantityOf<T, current>;
 
-  struct ampere : coherent_derived_unit<ampere, "A", current, si_prefix> {};
+  struct ampere : named_coherent_derived_unit<ampere, "A", current, si_prefix> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/electric_charge.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/electric_charge.h
index c9eb3c27..98c0f118 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/electric_charge.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/electric_charge.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept ElectricCharge =  QuantityOf<T, electric_charge>;
 
-  struct coulomb : coherent_derived_unit<coulomb, "C", electric_charge, si_prefix> {};
+  struct coulomb : named_coherent_derived_unit<coulomb, "C", electric_charge, si_prefix> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/energy.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/energy.h
index 8a893383..51c7fea5 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/energy.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/energy.h
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Energy =  QuantityOf<T, energy>;
 
-  struct joule : coherent_derived_unit<joule, "J", energy, si_prefix> {};
+  struct joule : named_coherent_derived_unit<joule, "J", energy, si_prefix> {};
   struct millijoule : prefixed_derived_unit<millijoule, milli, joule> {};
   struct kilojoule : prefixed_derived_unit<kilojoule, kilo, joule> {};
   struct megajoule : prefixed_derived_unit<megajoule, mega, joule> {};
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/force.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/force.h
index ac0b0fc2..691f2988 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/force.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/force.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Force =  QuantityOf<T, force>;
 
-  struct newton : coherent_derived_unit<newton, "N", force, si_prefix> {};
+  struct newton : named_coherent_derived_unit<newton, "N", force, si_prefix> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/frequency.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/frequency.h
index 3250ed43..39bd2ebd 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/frequency.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/frequency.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Frequency =  QuantityOf<T, frequency>;
 
-  struct hertz : coherent_derived_unit<hertz, "Hz", frequency, si_prefix> {};
+  struct hertz : named_coherent_derived_unit<hertz, "Hz", frequency, si_prefix> {};
   struct millihertz : prefixed_derived_unit<millihertz, milli, hertz> {};
   struct kilohertz : prefixed_derived_unit<kilohertz, kilo, hertz> {};
   struct megahertz : prefixed_derived_unit<megahertz, mega, hertz> {};
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/length.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/length.h
index 6f8cd454..26c9fa6b 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/length.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/length.h
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace units {
   concept Length = QuantityOf<T, length>;
 
   // SI units
-  struct metre : coherent_derived_unit<metre, "m", length, si_prefix> {};
+  struct metre : named_coherent_derived_unit<metre, "m", length, si_prefix> {};
   struct millimetre : prefixed_derived_unit<millimetre, milli, metre> {};
   struct centimetre : prefixed_derived_unit<centimetre, centi, metre> {};
   struct kilometre : prefixed_derived_unit<kilometre, kilo, metre> {};
@@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ namespace units {
   } // namespace literals
 
   // US customary units
-  struct yard : derived_unit<yard, "yd", length, ratio<9'144, 10'000>> {};
-  struct foot : derived_unit<foot, "ft", length, ratio_multiply<ratio<1, 3>, yard::ratio>> {};
-  struct inch : derived_unit<inch, "in", length, ratio_multiply<ratio<1, 12>, foot::ratio>> {};
-  struct mile : derived_unit<mile, "mi", length, ratio_multiply<ratio<1'760>, yard::ratio>> {};
+  struct yard : named_derived_unit<yard, "yd", length, ratio<9'144, 10'000>> {};
+  struct foot : named_derived_unit<foot, "ft", length, ratio_multiply<ratio<1, 3>, yard::ratio>> {};
+  struct inch : named_derived_unit<inch, "in", length, ratio_multiply<ratio<1, 12>, foot::ratio>> {};
+  struct mile : named_derived_unit<mile, "mi", length, ratio_multiply<ratio<1'760>, yard::ratio>> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/luminous_intensity.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/luminous_intensity.h
index 4fd354a8..dcf8803d 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/luminous_intensity.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/luminous_intensity.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept LuminousIntensity = QuantityOf<T, luminous_intensity>;
 
-  struct candela : coherent_derived_unit<candela, "cd", luminous_intensity, si_prefix> {};
+  struct candela : named_coherent_derived_unit<candela, "cd", luminous_intensity, si_prefix> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/mass.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/mass.h
index f48e3c43..b6e72687 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/mass.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/mass.h
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Mass = QuantityOf<T, mass>;
 
-  struct kilogram : coherent_derived_unit<kilogram, "kg", mass> {};
-  struct gram : derived_unit<gram, "g", mass, ratio<1, 1000>> {};
+  struct gram : named_derived_unit<gram, "g", mass, ratio<1, 1000>> {};
+  struct kilogram : prefixed_derived_unit<kilogram, kilo, gram> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/power.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/power.h
index 76a67760..3d8ead4b 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/power.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/power.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Power =  QuantityOf<T, power>;
 
-  struct watt : coherent_derived_unit<watt, "W", power, si_prefix> {};
+  struct watt : named_coherent_derived_unit<watt, "W", power, si_prefix> {};
   struct milliwatt : prefixed_derived_unit<milliwatt, milli, watt> {};
   struct kilowatt : prefixed_derived_unit<kilowatt, kilo, watt> {};
   struct megawatt : prefixed_derived_unit<megawatt, mega, watt> {};
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/pressure.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/pressure.h
index 1d1b11de..85479866 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/pressure.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/pressure.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Pressure =  QuantityOf<T, pressure>;
 
-  struct pascal : coherent_derived_unit<pascal, "Pa", pressure, si_prefix> {};
+  struct pascal : named_coherent_derived_unit<pascal, "Pa", pressure, si_prefix> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/si_prefixes.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/si_prefixes.h
index 406416b1..9f43bbb3 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/si_prefixes.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/si_prefixes.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ namespace units {
   struct femto : prefix<femto, si_prefix, ratio<1, std::femto::den>, "f"> {};
   struct pico : prefix<pico, si_prefix, ratio<1, std::pico::den>, "p"> {};
   struct nano : prefix<nano, si_prefix, ratio<1, std::nano::den>, "n"> {};
-  struct micro : prefix<micro, si_prefix, ratio<1, std::micro::den>, "µ"> {};
+  struct micro : prefix<micro, si_prefix, ratio<1, std::micro::den>, "\u00b5"> {};
   struct milli : prefix<milli, si_prefix, ratio<1, std::milli::den>, "m"> {};
   struct centi : prefix<centi, si_prefix, ratio<1, std::centi::den>, "c"> {};
   struct deci : prefix<deci, si_prefix, ratio<1, std::deci::den>, "d"> {};
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/substance.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/substance.h
index 11e62d1f..191422aa 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/substance.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/substance.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Substance = QuantityOf<T, substance>;
 
-  struct mole : coherent_derived_unit<mole, "mol", substance, si_prefix> {};
+  struct mole : named_coherent_derived_unit<mole, "mol", substance, si_prefix> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/temperature.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/temperature.h
index a5f30494..d15e9b68 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/temperature.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/temperature.h
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept ThermodynamicTemperature = QuantityOf<T, temperature>;
 
-  struct kelvin : coherent_derived_unit<kelvin, "K", temperature> {};
+  struct kelvin : named_coherent_derived_unit<kelvin, "K", temperature> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/time.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/time.h
index 4aa0bbf3..4f96c1fc 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/time.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/time.h
@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Time = QuantityOf<T, time>;
 
-  struct second : coherent_derived_unit<second, "s", time, si_prefix> {};
+  struct second : named_coherent_derived_unit<second, "s", time, si_prefix> {};
   struct nanosecond : prefixed_derived_unit<nanosecond, nano, second> {};
   struct microsecond : prefixed_derived_unit<microsecond, micro, second> {};
   struct millisecond : prefixed_derived_unit<millisecond, milli, second> {};
-  struct minute : derived_unit<minute, "min", time, ratio<60>> {};
-  struct hour : derived_unit<hour, "h", time, ratio<3600>> {};
+  struct minute : named_derived_unit<minute, "min", time, ratio<60>> {};
+  struct hour : named_derived_unit<hour, "h", time, ratio<3600>> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/velocity.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/velocity.h
index 3dc04ed7..9b58a118 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/velocity.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/velocity.h
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Velocity = QuantityOf<T, velocity>;
 
-  struct metre_per_second : coherent_derived_unit<metre_per_second, "m/s", velocity> {};
-  struct kilometre_per_hour : deduced_derived_unit<kilometre_per_hour, "km/h", velocity, kilometre, hour> {};
-  struct mile_per_hour : deduced_derived_unit<mile_per_hour, "mi/h", velocity, mile, hour> {};
+  struct metre_per_second : coherent_derived_unit<metre_per_second, velocity> {};
+  struct kilometre_per_hour : deduced_derived_unit<kilometre_per_hour, velocity, kilometre, hour> {};
+  struct mile_per_hour : deduced_derived_unit<mile_per_hour, velocity, mile, hour> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/voltage.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/voltage.h
index 28db4cb7..688123ef 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/voltage.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/voltage.h
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Voltage =  QuantityOf<T, voltage>;
 
-  struct volt : coherent_derived_unit<volt, "V", voltage, si_prefix> {};
+  struct volt : named_coherent_derived_unit<volt, "V", voltage, si_prefix> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/dimensions/volume.h b/src/include/units/dimensions/volume.h
index 786aa471..3e2a55c3 100644
--- a/src/include/units/dimensions/volume.h
+++ b/src/include/units/dimensions/volume.h
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ namespace units {
   template<typename T>
   concept Volume = QuantityOf<T, volume>;
 
-  struct cubic_metre : coherent_derived_unit<cubic_metre, "m^3", volume> {};
-  struct cubic_millimetre : deduced_derived_unit<cubic_millimetre, "mm^3", volume, millimetre> {};
-  struct cubic_centimetre : deduced_derived_unit<cubic_centimetre, "cm^3", volume, centimetre> {};
-  struct cubic_kilometre : deduced_derived_unit<cubic_kilometre, "km^3", volume, kilometre, metre> {};
-  struct cubic_foot : deduced_derived_unit<cubic_foot, "ft^3", volume, foot> {};
+  struct cubic_metre : coherent_derived_unit<cubic_metre, volume> {};
+  struct cubic_millimetre : deduced_derived_unit<cubic_millimetre, volume, millimetre> {};
+  struct cubic_centimetre : deduced_derived_unit<cubic_centimetre, volume, centimetre> {};
+  struct cubic_kilometre : deduced_derived_unit<cubic_kilometre, volume, kilometre, metre> {};
+  struct cubic_foot : deduced_derived_unit<cubic_foot, volume, foot> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
 
diff --git a/src/include/units/format.h b/src/include/units/format.h
index 2433b5a7..c38f2fed 100644
--- a/src/include/units/format.h
+++ b/src/include/units/format.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <units/quantity.h>
 #include <fmt/format.h>
 
+
 template<typename U, typename Rep, typename CharT>
 struct fmt::formatter<units::quantity<U, Rep>, CharT> {
   template<typename ParseContext>
diff --git a/src/include/units/prefix.h b/src/include/units/prefix.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6a12c288
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/include/units/prefix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// The MIT License (MIT)
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2018 Mateusz Pusz
+//
+// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+//
+// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+//
+// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+// SOFTWARE.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <units/bits/downcasting.h>
+#include <units/bits/fixed_string.h>
+#include <units/ratio.h>
+
+namespace units {
+
+  namespace detail {
+
+    template<typename PrefixType, Ratio R>
+    struct prefix_base : downcast_base<prefix_base<PrefixType, R>> {
+      using prefix_type = PrefixType;
+      using ratio = R;
+    };
+
+  }
+
+  template<typename Child, typename PrefixType, Ratio R, basic_fixed_string Symbol>
+  struct prefix : downcast_child<Child, detail::prefix_base<PrefixType, R>> {
+    static constexpr auto symbol = Symbol;
+  };
+
+
+  // TODO gcc:92150
+  // https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=92150
+  // namespace detail {
+
+  //   template<typename T>
+  //   inline constexpr bool is_prefix = false;
+
+  //   template<typename PrefixType, Ratio R, basic_fixed_string Symbol>
+  //   inline constexpr bool is_prefix<prefix<PrefixType, R, Symbol>> = true;
+
+  // }  // namespace detail
+
+  template<typename T>
+//  concept Prefix = detail::is_prefix<T>;
+  concept Prefix = true;
+
+  struct no_prefix;
+
+}  // namespace units
diff --git a/src/include/units/quantity.h b/src/include/units/quantity.h
index 360dc654..855a3694 100644
--- a/src/include/units/quantity.h
+++ b/src/include/units/quantity.h
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ namespace units {
           detail::print_ratio<ratio>(os);
 
           // print coherent unit dimensions and their exponents
-          detail::print_dimensions(os, dim{});
+          os << detail::symbol_text(dim{});
         }
       }
       return os;
diff --git a/src/include/units/unit.h b/src/include/units/unit.h
index b75aeb93..98740204 100644
--- a/src/include/units/unit.h
+++ b/src/include/units/unit.h
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <units/bits/format_utils.h>
 #include <units/dimension.h>
+#include <units/prefix.h>
 #include <units/ratio.h>
 #include <ratio>
 
@@ -52,38 +54,6 @@ namespace units {
       std::is_empty_v<T> &&
       detail::is_unit<downcast_base_t<T>>;
 
-  namespace detail {
-
-    template<typename PrefixType, Ratio R>
-    struct prefix_base : downcast_base<prefix_base<PrefixType, R>> {
-      using prefix_type = PrefixType;
-      using ratio = R;
-    };
-
-  }
-
-  template<typename Child, typename PrefixType, Ratio R, basic_fixed_string Symbol>
-  struct prefix : downcast_child<Child, detail::prefix_base<PrefixType, R>> {
-    static constexpr auto symbol = Symbol;
-  };
-
-
-  // TODO gcc:92150
-  // https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=92150
-  // namespace detail {
-
-  //   template<typename T>
-  //   inline constexpr bool is_prefix = false;
-
-  //   template<typename PrefixType, Ratio R, basic_fixed_string Symbol>
-  //   inline constexpr bool is_prefix<prefix<PrefixType, R, Symbol>> = true;
-
-  // }  // namespace detail
-
-  template<typename T>
-//  concept Prefix = detail::is_prefix<T>;
-  concept Prefix = true;
-
   // make_derived_unit
 
   namespace detail {
@@ -150,16 +120,27 @@ namespace units {
   struct no_prefix;
 
   template<typename Child, basic_fixed_string Symbol, Dimension D, typename PrefixType = no_prefix>
-  struct coherent_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, ratio<1>>> {
+  struct named_coherent_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, ratio<1>>> {
     static constexpr auto symbol = Symbol;
     using prefix_type = PrefixType;
   };
 
+  template<typename Child, Dimension D, typename PrefixType = no_prefix>
+  struct coherent_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, ratio<1>>> {
+    static constexpr auto symbol = detail::symbol_text(D());
+    using prefix_type = PrefixType;
+  };
+
   template<typename Child, basic_fixed_string Symbol, Dimension D, Ratio R>
-  struct derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, R>> {
+  struct named_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, R>> {
     static constexpr auto symbol = Symbol;
   };
 
+  template<typename Child, Dimension D, Ratio R>
+  struct derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<D, R>> {
+    static constexpr auto symbol = "aaa";
+  };
+
   template<typename Child, Prefix P, Unit U>
     requires requires { U::symbol; }
   struct prefixed_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, unit<typename U::dimension, ratio_multiply<typename P::ratio, typename U::ratio>>> {
@@ -168,8 +149,13 @@ namespace units {
   };
 
   template<typename Child, basic_fixed_string Symbol, Dimension D, Unit U, Unit... Us>
-  struct deduced_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, detail::make_derived_unit<D, U, Us...>> {
+  struct named_deduced_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, detail::make_derived_unit<D, U, Us...>> {
     static constexpr auto symbol = Symbol;
   };
 
+  template<typename Child, Dimension D, Unit U, Unit... Us>
+  struct deduced_derived_unit : downcast_child<Child, detail::make_derived_unit<D, U, Us...>> {
+    static constexpr auto symbol = "bbb";
+  };
+
 }  // namespace units
diff --git a/test/unit_test/runtime/digital_information_test.cpp b/test/unit_test/runtime/digital_information_test.cpp
index 0ffb12c5..822ac5c1 100644
--- a/test/unit_test/runtime/digital_information_test.cpp
+++ b/test/unit_test/runtime/digital_information_test.cpp
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ namespace data {
   struct kibi : units::prefix<kibi, data_prefix, units::ratio<    1'024>, "Ki"> {};
   struct mebi : units::prefix<mebi, data_prefix, units::ratio<1'048'576>, "Mi"> {};
 
-  struct bit : units::coherent_derived_unit<bit, "b", digital_information, data_prefix> {};
+  struct bit : units::named_coherent_derived_unit<bit, "b", digital_information, data_prefix> {};
   struct kilobit : units::prefixed_derived_unit<kilobit, kibi, bit> {};
-  struct byte : units::derived_unit<byte, "B", digital_information, units::ratio<8>> {};
+  struct byte : units::named_derived_unit<byte, "B", digital_information, units::ratio<8>> {};
   struct kilobyte : units::prefixed_derived_unit<kilobyte, kibi, byte> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
diff --git a/test/unit_test/runtime/text_test.cpp b/test/unit_test/runtime/text_test.cpp
index 1ec9ecfa..f7da3571 100644
--- a/test/unit_test/runtime/text_test.cpp
+++ b/test/unit_test/runtime/text_test.cpp
@@ -46,15 +46,51 @@ TEST_CASE("operator<< on a quantity", "[text][ostream]")
 
     SECTION("floating-point representation")
     {
-      stream << 72.5kJ;
-      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "72.5 kJ");
+      stream << 1023.5Pa;
+      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "1023.5 Pa");
     }
+  }
 
-    SECTION("unit with a prefix")
+  SECTION("quantity with a predefined unit + prefix")
+  {
+    SECTION("in terms of base units")
     {
       stream << 125us;
       REQUIRE(stream.str() == "125 µs");
     }
+
+    SECTION("in terms of derived units")
+    {
+      stream << 60kJ;
+      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "60 kJ");
+    }
+  }
+
+  SECTION("quantity with a deduced unit")
+  {
+    SECTION("coherent derived unit")
+    {
+      SECTION("acceleration")
+      {
+        stream << 20.m / 2s / 1s;
+        REQUIRE(stream.str() == "10 m/s²");
+      }
+
+      SECTION("volume")
+      {
+        stream << 2m * 1m * 1m;
+        REQUIRE(stream.str() == "2 m³");
+      }
+    }
+
+    SECTION("deduced derived unit")
+    {
+      SECTION("velocity")
+      {
+        stream << 20.km / 2h;
+        REQUIRE(stream.str() == "10 km/h");
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   SECTION("quantity with a predefined dimension but unknown unit")
@@ -68,7 +104,7 @@ TEST_CASE("operator<< on a quantity", "[text][ostream]")
     SECTION("unit::ratio for a dimension without a special symbol")
     {
       stream << 2.cm * 2m * 2m;
-      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "8 [1/100]m^3");
+      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "8 [1/100]m³");
     }
 
     SECTION("unit::ratio::num != 1 && unit::ratio::den == 1")
@@ -131,19 +167,19 @@ TEST_CASE("operator<< on a quantity", "[text][ostream]")
     SECTION("exp::num == 2 && exp::den == 1 for positive exponent")
     {
       stream << 4m * 2s * 2s;
-      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "16 m⋅s^2");
+      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "16 m⋅s²");
     }
 
     SECTION("exp::num == 2 && exp::den == 1 for negative exponent (first dimension)")
     {
       stream << 8.s / 2m / 2m;
-      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "2 1/m^2⋅s");
+      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "2 1/m²⋅s");
     }
 
     SECTION("exp::num == 2 && exp::den == 1 for negative exponent (not first dimension)")
     {
       stream << 8.m / 2kg / 2kg;
-      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "2 m/kg^2");
+      REQUIRE(stream.str() == "2 m/kg²");
     }
 
     SECTION("fractional positive exponent")
diff --git a/test/unit_test/static/cgs_test.cpp b/test/unit_test/static/cgs_test.cpp
index 42adada1..ab8e3140 100644
--- a/test/unit_test/static/cgs_test.cpp
+++ b/test/unit_test/static/cgs_test.cpp
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ namespace cgs {
   using units::centimetre;
   using units::gram;
   using units::second;
-  struct centimetre_per_second : units::deduced_derived_unit<centimetre_per_second, "cm/s", units::velocity, centimetre, second> {};
-  struct gal : units::deduced_derived_unit<gal, "Gal", units::acceleration, centimetre, second> {};
-  struct dyne : units::deduced_derived_unit<dyne, "dyn", units::force, centimetre, gram, second> {};
-  struct erg : units::deduced_derived_unit<erg, "erg", units::energy, centimetre, gram, second> {};
-  struct ergps : units::deduced_derived_unit<ergps, "erg/s", units::power, centimetre, gram, second> {};
-  struct barye : units::deduced_derived_unit<barye, "Ba", units::pressure, centimetre, gram, second> {};
+  struct centimetre_per_second : units::deduced_derived_unit<centimetre_per_second, units::velocity, centimetre, second> {};
+  struct gal : units::named_deduced_derived_unit<gal, "Gal", units::acceleration, centimetre, second> {};
+  struct dyne : units::named_deduced_derived_unit<dyne, "dyn", units::force, centimetre, gram, second> {};
+  struct erg : units::named_deduced_derived_unit<erg, "erg", units::energy, centimetre, gram, second> {};
+  struct ergps : units::named_deduced_derived_unit<ergps, "erg/s", units::power, centimetre, gram, second> {};   // TODO make it work for erg and non-named
+  struct barye : units::named_deduced_derived_unit<barye, "Ba", units::pressure, centimetre, gram, second> {};
 
 
   inline namespace literals {
diff --git a/test/unit_test/static/custom_unit_test.cpp b/test/unit_test/static/custom_unit_test.cpp
index 34138a8f..95f923ec 100644
--- a/test/unit_test/static/custom_unit_test.cpp
+++ b/test/unit_test/static/custom_unit_test.cpp
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@ namespace {
 
   struct kibi : units::prefix<kibi, data_prefix, units::ratio<    1'024>, "Ki"> {};
 
-  struct bit : units::coherent_derived_unit<bit, "b", digital_information, data_prefix> {};
+  struct bit : units::named_coherent_derived_unit<bit, "b", digital_information, data_prefix> {};
   struct kilobit : units::prefixed_derived_unit<kilobit, kibi, bit> {};
 
-  struct byte : units::derived_unit<byte, "B", digital_information, units::ratio<8>> {};
+  struct byte : units::named_derived_unit<byte, "B", digital_information, units::ratio<8>> {};
   struct kilobyte : units::prefixed_derived_unit<kilobyte, kibi, byte> {};
 
   inline namespace literals {
@@ -71,11 +71,11 @@ namespace {
 
   // power spectral density
   struct power_spectral_density : derived_dimension<power_spectral_density, units::exp<voltage, 2>, units::exp<frequency, -1>> {};
-  struct sq_volt_per_hertz : coherent_derived_unit<sq_volt_per_hertz, "V^2/Hz", power_spectral_density> {};
+  struct sq_volt_per_hertz : coherent_derived_unit<sq_volt_per_hertz, power_spectral_density> {};
 
   // amplitude spectral density
   struct amplitude_spectral_density : derived_dimension<amplitude_spectral_density, units::exp<voltage, 1>, units::exp<frequency, -1, 2>> {};
-  struct volt_per_sqrt_hertz : coherent_derived_unit<volt_per_sqrt_hertz, "V/Hz^(1/2)", amplitude_spectral_density> {};
+  struct volt_per_sqrt_hertz : coherent_derived_unit<volt_per_sqrt_hertz, amplitude_spectral_density> {};
 }
 
 namespace {
diff --git a/test/unit_test/static/unit_test.cpp b/test/unit_test/static/unit_test.cpp
index a972bf02..fc52a059 100644
--- a/test/unit_test/static/unit_test.cpp
+++ b/test/unit_test/static/unit_test.cpp
@@ -48,10 +48,6 @@ namespace {
 
   /* ************** BASE DIMENSIONS **************** */
 
-  // time
-
-  static_assert(1h == 3600s);
-
   // length
 
   static_assert(1km == 1000m);
@@ -69,6 +65,33 @@ namespace {
 
   static_assert(5in + 8cm == 207mm);
 
+  static_assert(millimetre::symbol == "mm");
+  static_assert(centimetre::symbol == "cm");
+  static_assert(kilometre::symbol == "km");
+
+  // mass
+
+  static_assert(1kg == 1000g);
+
+  static_assert(kilogram::symbol == "kg");
+
+  // time
+
+  static_assert(1h == 3600s);
+
+  static_assert(nanosecond::symbol == "ns");
+  static_assert(microsecond::symbol == "µs");
+  static_assert(millisecond::symbol == "ms");
+
+  // current
+
+  // temperature
+
+  // substance
+
+  // luminous intensity
+
+
   /* ************** DERIVED DIMENSIONS WITH NAMED UNITS **************** */
 
   // frequency
@@ -80,6 +103,12 @@ namespace {
   static_assert(3.2GHz == 3'200'000'000Hz);
   static_assert(10Hz * 1min == 600);
 
+  static_assert(millihertz::symbol == "mHz");
+  static_assert(kilohertz::symbol == "kHz");
+  static_assert(megahertz::symbol == "MHz");
+  static_assert(gigahertz::symbol == "GHz");
+  static_assert(terahertz::symbol == "THz");
+
   // force
 
   static_assert(10kg * 10mps_sq == 100N);
@@ -134,6 +163,10 @@ namespace {
   // static_assert(2000m / 2kmph == 1h); // should not compile
   static_assert(quantity_cast<quantity<kilometre, int>>(2000m) / 2kmph == 1h);
 
+//  static_assert(metre_per_second::symbol == basic_fixed_string("m/s"));
+  // static_assert(kilometre_per_hour::symbol == basic_fixed_string("km/h"));
+
+
   // acceleration
 
   static_assert(10mps / 10s == 1mps_sq);