--- title: Filesystem Storage Overview --- A filesystem storage (also named shared filesystem) can be mounted with read/write permission from multiple pods. This may be useful for applications which can be clustered using a shared filesystem. This example runs a shared filesystem for the [kube-registry](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/release-1.9/cluster/addons/registry). ## Prerequisites This guide assumes you have created a Rook cluster as explained in the main [quickstart guide](../../Getting-Started/quickstart.md) ## Create the Filesystem Create the filesystem by specifying the desired settings for the metadata pool, data pools, and metadata server in the `CephFilesystem` CRD. In this example we create the metadata pool with replication of three and a single data pool with replication of three. For more options, see the documentation on [creating shared filesystems](../../CRDs/Shared-Filesystem/ceph-filesystem-crd.md). Save this shared filesystem definition as `filesystem.yaml`: ```yaml apiVersion: ceph.rook.io/v1 kind: CephFilesystem metadata: name: myfs namespace: rook-ceph spec: metadataPool: replicated: size: 3 dataPools: - name: replicated replicated: size: 3 preserveFilesystemOnDelete: true metadataServer: activeCount: 1 activeStandby: true ``` The Rook operator will create all the pools and other resources necessary to start the service. This may take a minute to complete. ```console # Create the filesystem kubectl create -f filesystem.yaml [...] ``` To confirm the filesystem is configured, wait for the mds pods to start: ```console $ kubectl -n rook-ceph get pod -l app=rook-ceph-mds NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE rook-ceph-mds-myfs-7d59fdfcf4-h8kw9 1/1 Running 0 12s rook-ceph-mds-myfs-7d59fdfcf4-kgkjp 1/1 Running 0 12s ``` To see detailed status of the filesystem, start and connect to the [Rook toolbox](../../Troubleshooting/ceph-toolbox.md). A new line will be shown with `ceph status` for the `mds` service. In this example, there is one active instance of MDS which is up, with one MDS instance in `standby-replay` mode in case of failover. ```console $ ceph status [...] services: mds: myfs-1/1/1 up {[myfs:0]=mzw58b=up:active}, 1 up:standby-replay ``` ## Provision Storage Before Rook can start provisioning storage, a StorageClass needs to be created based on the filesystem. This is needed for Kubernetes to interoperate with the CSI driver to create persistent volumes. Save this storage class definition as `storageclass.yaml`: ```yaml apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1 kind: StorageClass metadata: name: rook-cephfs # Change "rook-ceph" provisioner prefix to match the operator namespace if needed provisioner: rook-ceph.cephfs.csi.ceph.com parameters: # clusterID is the namespace where the rook cluster is running # If you change this namespace, also change the namespace below where the secret namespaces are defined clusterID: rook-ceph # CephFS filesystem name into which the volume shall be created fsName: myfs # Ceph pool into which the volume shall be created # Required for provisionVolume: "true" pool: myfs-replicated # The secrets contain Ceph admin credentials. These are generated automatically by the operator # in the same namespace as the cluster. csi.storage.k8s.io/provisioner-secret-name: rook-csi-cephfs-provisioner csi.storage.k8s.io/provisioner-secret-namespace: rook-ceph csi.storage.k8s.io/controller-expand-secret-name: rook-csi-cephfs-provisioner csi.storage.k8s.io/controller-expand-secret-namespace: rook-ceph csi.storage.k8s.io/controller-publish-secret-name: rook-csi-cephfs-provisioner csi.storage.k8s.io/controller-publish-secret-namespace: rook-ceph csi.storage.k8s.io/node-stage-secret-name: rook-csi-cephfs-node csi.storage.k8s.io/node-stage-secret-namespace: rook-ceph reclaimPolicy: Delete ``` If you've deployed the Rook operator in a namespace other than "rook-ceph" as is common change the prefix in the provisioner to match the namespace you used. For example, if the Rook operator is running in "rook-op" the provisioner value should be "rook-op.rbd.csi.ceph.com". Create the storage class. ```console kubectl create -f deploy/examples/csi/cephfs/storageclass.yaml ``` ## Quotas !!! attention The CephFS CSI driver uses quotas to enforce the PVC size requested. Only newer kernels support CephFS quotas (kernel version of at least 4.17). If you require quotas to be enforced and the kernel driver does not support it, you can disable the kernel driver and use the FUSE client. This can be done by setting `CSI_FORCE_CEPHFS_KERNEL_CLIENT: false` in the operator deployment (`operator.yaml`). However, it is important to know that when the FUSE client is enabled, there is an issue that during upgrade the application pods will be disconnected from the mount and will need to be restarted. See the [upgrade guide](../../Upgrade/rook-upgrade.md) for more details. ## Consume the Shared Filesystem: K8s Registry Sample As an example, we will start the kube-registry pod with the shared filesystem as the backing store. Save the following spec as `kube-registry.yaml`: ```yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim metadata: name: cephfs-pvc namespace: kube-system spec: accessModes: - ReadWriteMany resources: requests: storage: 1Gi storageClassName: rook-cephfs --- apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: kube-registry namespace: kube-system labels: k8s-app: kube-registry kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true" spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: k8s-app: kube-registry template: metadata: labels: k8s-app: kube-registry kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true" spec: containers: - name: registry image: registry:2 imagePullPolicy: Always resources: limits: memory: 100Mi env: # Configuration reference: https://docs.docker.com/registry/configuration/ - name: REGISTRY_HTTP_ADDR value: :5000 - name: REGISTRY_HTTP_SECRET value: "Ple4seCh4ngeThisN0tAVerySecretV4lue" - name: REGISTRY_STORAGE_FILESYSTEM_ROOTDIRECTORY value: /var/lib/registry volumeMounts: - name: image-store mountPath: /var/lib/registry ports: - containerPort: 5000 name: registry protocol: TCP livenessProbe: httpGet: path: / port: registry readinessProbe: httpGet: path: / port: registry volumes: - name: image-store persistentVolumeClaim: claimName: cephfs-pvc readOnly: false ``` Create the Kube registry deployment: ```console kubectl create -f deploy/examples/csi/cephfs/kube-registry.yaml ``` You now have a docker registry which is HA with persistent storage. ### Kernel Version Requirement If the Rook cluster has more than one filesystem and the application pod is scheduled to a node with kernel version older than 4.7, inconsistent results may arise since kernels older than 4.7 do not support specifying filesystem namespaces. ## Consume the Shared Filesystem: Toolbox Once you have pushed an image to the registry (see the [instructions](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/release-1.9/cluster/addons/registry) to expose and use the kube-registry), verify that kube-registry is using the filesystem that was configured above by mounting the shared filesystem in the toolbox pod. See the [Direct Filesystem](../../Troubleshooting/direct-tools.md#shared-filesystem-tools) topic for more details. ## Consume the Shared Filesystem across namespaces A PVC that you create using the `rook-cephfs` storageClass can be shared between different Pods simultaneously, either read-write or read-only, but is restricted to a single namespace (a PVC is a namespace-scoped resource, so you cannot use it in another one). However there are some use cases where you want to share the content from a CephFS-based PVC among different Pods in different namespaces, for a shared library for example, or a collaboration workspace between applications running in different namespaces. You can do that using the following recipe. ### Shared volume creation * Create the PVC you want to share, for example: ```yaml kind: PersistentVolumeClaim apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: base-pvc namespace: first-namespace spec: accessModes: - ReadWriteMany resources: requests: storage: 100Gi storageClassName: rook-cephfs volumeMode: Filesystem ``` * The corresponding PV that is created will have all the necessary info to connect to the CephFS volume (all non-necessary information are removed here): ```yaml kind: PersistentVolume apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: pvc-a02dd277-cb26-4c1e-9434-478ebc321e22 annotations: pv.kubernetes.io/provisioned-by: rook.cephfs.csi.ceph.com finalizers: - kubernetes.io/pv-protection spec: capacity: storage: 100Gi csi: driver: rook.cephfs.csi.ceph.com volumeHandle: >- 0001-0011-rook-0000000000000001-8a528de0-e274-11ec-b069-0a580a800213 volumeAttributes: clusterID: rook fsName: rook-cephfilesystem storage.kubernetes.io/csiProvisionerIdentity: 1654174264855-8081-rook.cephfs.csi.ceph.com subvolumeName: csi-vol-8a528de0-e274-11ec-b069-0a580a800213 subvolumePath: >- /volumes/csi/csi-vol-8a528de0-e274-11ec-b069-0a580a800213/da98fb83-fff3-485a-a0a9-57c227cb67ec nodeStageSecretRef: name: rook-csi-cephfs-node namespace: rook controllerExpandSecretRef: name: rook-csi-cephfs-provisioner namespace: rook accessModes: - ReadWriteMany claimRef: kind: PersistentVolumeClaim namespace: first-namespace name: base-pvc apiVersion: v1 resourceVersion: '49728' persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain storageClassName: rook-cephfs volumeMode: Filesystem ``` * On this PV, change the `persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy` parameter to `Retain` to avoid it from being deleted when you will delete PVCs. Don't forget to change it back to `Delete` when you want to remove the shared volume (see full procedure in the next section). * Copy the YAML content of the PV, and create a new static PV with the same information and some modifications. From the original YAML, you must: * Modify the original name. To keep track, the best solution is to append to the original name the namespace name where you want your new PV. In this example `newnamespace`. * Modify the volumeHandle. Again append the targeted namespace. * Add the `staticVolume: "true"` entry to the volumeAttributes. * Add the rootPath entry to the volumeAttributes, with the same content as `subvolumePath`. * Remove the unnecessary information before applying the YAML (claimRef, managedFields,...): Your YAML should look like this: ```yaml kind: PersistentVolume apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: pvc-a02dd277-cb26-4c1e-9434-478ebc321e22-newnamespace spec: capacity: storage: 100Gi csi: driver: rook.cephfs.csi.ceph.com volumeHandle: >- 0001-0011-rook-0000000000000001-8a528de0-e274-11ec-b069-0a580a800213-newnamespace volumeAttributes: clusterID: rook fsName: rook-cephfilesystem storage.kubernetes.io/csiProvisionerIdentity: 1654174264855-8081-rook.cephfs.csi.ceph.com subvolumeName: csi-vol-8a528de0-e274-11ec-b069-0a580a800213 subvolumePath: >- /volumes/csi/csi-vol-8a528de0-e274-11ec-b069-0a580a800213/da98fb83-fff3-485a-a0a9-57c227cb67ec rootPath: >- /volumes/csi/csi-vol-8a528de0-e274-11ec-b069-0a580a800213/da98fb83-fff3-485a-a0a9-57c227cb67ec staticVolume: "true" nodeStageSecretRef: name: rook-csi-cephfs-node namespace: rook accessModes: - ReadWriteMany persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain storageClassName: rook-cephfs volumeMode: Filesystem ``` * In a new or other namespace, create a new PVC that will use this new PV you created. You simply have to point to it in the `volumeName` parameter. Make sure you enter the same size as the original PVC!: ```yaml kind: PersistentVolumeClaim apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: second-pvc namespace: newnamespace finalizers: - kubernetes.io/pvc-protection spec: accessModes: - ReadWriteMany resources: requests: storage: 100Gi volumeName: pvc-a02dd277-cb26-4c1e-9434-478ebc321e22-newnamespace storageClassName: rook-cephfs volumeMode: Filesystem ``` You have now access to the same CephFS subvolume from different PVCs in different namespaces. Redo the previous steps (copy PV with a new name, create a PVC pointing to it) in each namespace you want to use this subvolume. **Note**: the new PVCs/PVs we have created are static. Therefore CephCSI does not support snapshots, clones, resizing or delete operations for them. If those operations are required, you must make them on the original PVC. ### Shared volume removal As the same CephFS volume is used by different PVCs/PVs, you must proceed very orderly to remove it properly. * Delete the static PVCs in the different namespaces, but keep the original one! * Delete the corresponding static PVs that should now have been marked as "Released". Again, don't delete the original one yet! * Edit the original PV, changing back the `persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy` from `Retain` to `Delete`. * Delete the original PVC. It will now properly delete the original PV, as well as the subvolume in CephFS. ### Pending Issue Due to [this bug](https://github.com/ceph/ceph-csi/issues/2238), the global mount for a Volume that is mounted multiple times on the same node will not be unmounted. This does not result in any particular problem, apart from polluting the logs with unmount error messages, or having many different mounts hanging if you create and delete many shared PVCs, or you don't really use them. Until this issue is solved, either on the Rook or Kubelet side, you can always manually unmount the unwanted hanging global mounts on the nodes: * Log onto each node where the volume has been mounted. * Check for hanging mounts using their `volumeHandle`. * Unmount the unwanted volumes. ## Teardown To clean up all the artifacts created by the filesystem demo: ```console kubectl delete -f kube-registry.yaml ``` To delete the filesystem components and backing data, delete the Filesystem CRD. !!! warning Data will be deleted if **preserveFilesystemOnDelete=false**. ```console kubectl -n rook-ceph delete cephfilesystem myfs ``` Note: If the "preserveFilesystemOnDelete" filesystem attribute is set to true, the above command won't delete the filesystem. Recreating the same CRD will reuse the existing filesystem. ### Advanced Example: Erasure Coded Filesystem The Ceph filesystem example can be found here: [Ceph Shared Filesystem - Samples - Erasure Coded](../../CRDs/Shared-Filesystem/ceph-filesystem-crd.md#erasure-coded).