added formatter for std::expected (#3834)

include/fmt/std.h

@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@
 #  endif
 #endif
 
+#if FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<expected>) && FMT_CPLUSPLUS > 202002L
+#  include <expected>
+#endif
+
 #if FMT_CPLUSPLUS > 201703L && FMT_HAS_INCLUDE(<source_location>)
 #  include <source_location>
 #endif
@@ -242,6 +246,56 @@ struct formatter<std::optional<T>, Char,
 FMT_END_NAMESPACE
 #endif  // __cpp_lib_optional
 
+#if defined(__cpp_lib_expected) || FMT_CPP_LIB_VARIANT
+
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+namespace detail {
+
+template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
+auto write_escaped_alternative(OutputIt out, const T& v) -> OutputIt {
+  if constexpr (has_to_string_view<T>::value)
+    return write_escaped_string<Char>(out, detail::to_string_view(v));
+  if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, Char>) return write_escaped_char(out, v);
+  return write<Char>(out, v);
+}
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_expected
+FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
+
+FMT_EXPORT
+template <typename T, typename E, typename Char>
+struct formatter<
+    std::expected<T, E>, Char,
+    std::enable_if_t<is_formattable<T, Char> && is_formattable<E, Char>>> {
+  template <typename ParseContext>
+  FMT_CONSTEXPR auto parse(ParseContext& ctx) -> decltype(ctx.begin()) {
+    return ctx.begin();
+  }
+
+  template <typename FormatContext>
+  auto format(const std::expected<T, E>& value, FormatContext& ctx) const
+      -> decltype(ctx.out()) {
+    auto out = ctx.out();
+
+    if (value.has_value()) {
+      out = detail::write<Char>(out, "expected(");
+      out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, value.value());
+    } else {
+      out = detail::write<Char>(out, "unexpected(");
+      out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, value.error());
+    }
+    *out++ = ')';
+    return out;
+  }
+};
+FMT_END_NAMESPACE
+#endif  // __cpp_lib_expected
+
 #ifdef __cpp_lib_source_location
 FMT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
 FMT_EXPORT
@@ -291,16 +345,6 @@ template <typename T, typename C> class is_variant_formattable_ {
       decltype(check(variant_index_sequence<T>{}))::value;
 };
 
-template <typename Char, typename OutputIt, typename T>
-auto write_variant_alternative(OutputIt out, const T& v) -> OutputIt {
-  if constexpr (has_to_string_view<T>::value)
-    return write_escaped_string<Char>(out, detail::to_string_view(v));
-  else if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, Char>)
-    return write_escaped_char(out, v);
-  else
-    return write<Char>(out, v);
-}
-
 }  // namespace detail
 
 template <typename T> struct is_variant_like {
@@ -346,7 +390,7 @@ struct formatter<
     FMT_TRY {
       std::visit(
           [&](const auto& v) {
-            out = detail::write_variant_alternative<Char>(out, v);
+            out = detail::write_escaped_alternative<Char>(out, v);
           },
           value);
     }

test/std-test.cc

@@ -102,6 +102,26 @@ TEST(std_test, optional) {
 #endif
 }
 
+TEST(std_test, expected) {
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_expected
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", std::expected<int, int>{1}), "expected(1)");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", std::expected<int, int>{std::unexpected(1)}), "unexpected(1)");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", std::expected<std::string, int>{"test"}), "expected(\"test\")");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", std::expected<int, std::string>{std::unexpected("test")}), "unexpected(\"test\")");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", std::expected<char, int>{'a'}), "expected('a')");
+  EXPECT_EQ(fmt::format("{}", std::expected<int, char>{std::unexpected('a')}), "unexpected('a')");
+
+  struct unformattable1 {};
+  struct unformattable2 {};
+  EXPECT_FALSE((fmt::is_formattable<unformattable1>::value));
+  EXPECT_FALSE((fmt::is_formattable<unformattable2>::value));
+  EXPECT_FALSE((fmt::is_formattable<std::expected<unformattable1, unformattable2>>::value));
+  EXPECT_FALSE((fmt::is_formattable<std::expected<unformattable1, int>>::value));
+  EXPECT_FALSE((fmt::is_formattable<std::expected<int, unformattable2>>::value));
+  EXPECT_TRUE((fmt::is_formattable<std::expected<int, int>>::value));
+#endif
+}
+
 namespace my_nso {
 enum class my_number {
   one,