diff --git a/homeassistant/components/zha/__init__.py b/homeassistant/components/zha/__init__.py
index 8a81648b580..51357e28f02 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/zha/__init__.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/zha/__init__.py
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from homeassistant.helpers.dispatcher import async_dispatcher_send
 from homeassistant.helpers.storage import STORAGE_DIR
 from homeassistant.helpers.typing import ConfigType
 
-from . import websocket_api
+from . import repairs, websocket_api
 from .core import ZHAGateway
 from .core.const import (
     BAUD_RATES,
@@ -135,7 +135,19 @@ async def async_setup_entry(hass: HomeAssistant, config_entry: ConfigEntry) -> b
         _LOGGER.debug("ZHA storage file does not exist or was already removed")
 
     zha_gateway = ZHAGateway(hass, config, config_entry)
-    await zha_gateway.async_initialize()
+
+    try:
+        await zha_gateway.async_initialize()
+    except Exception:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
+        radio_type = RadioType[config_entry.data[CONF_RADIO_TYPE]]
+        device = config_entry.data[CONF_DEVICE][CONF_DEVICE_PATH]
+
+        if radio_type == RadioType.ezsp and not device.startswith("socket://"):
+            await repairs.warn_on_wrong_silabs_firmware(hass, device)
+
+        raise
+
+    repairs.async_delete_blocking_issues(hass)
 
     device_registry = dr.async_get(hass)
     device_registry.async_get_or_create(
diff --git a/homeassistant/components/zha/repairs.py b/homeassistant/components/zha/repairs.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..be568a40fcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/homeassistant/components/zha/repairs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"""ZHA repairs for common environmental and device problems."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from universal_silabs_flasher.const import ApplicationType
+from universal_silabs_flasher.flasher import Flasher
+
+from homeassistant.components.homeassistant_yellow import hardware as yellow_hardware
+from homeassistant.core import HomeAssistant
+from homeassistant.exceptions import ConfigEntryNotReady, HomeAssistantError
+from homeassistant.helpers import issue_registry as ir
+
+from .core.const import DOMAIN
+
+DISABLE_MULTIPAN_URL_YELLOW = (
+    "https://yellow.home-assistant.io/guides/disable-multiprotocol/"
+)
+DISABLE_MULTIPAN_URL_SKYCONNECT = (
+    "https://skyconnect.home-assistant.io/procedures/disable-multiprotocol/"
+)
+
+
+ISSUE_WRONG_SILABS_FIRMWARE_INSTALLED = "wrong_silabs_firmware_installed"
+
+
+async def probe_silabs_firmware_type(device: str) -> ApplicationType | None:
+    """Probe the running firmware on a Silabs device."""
+    flasher = Flasher(device=device)
+    await flasher.probe_app_type()
+
+    return flasher.app_type
+
+
+async def warn_on_wrong_silabs_firmware(hass: HomeAssistant, device: str) -> None:
+    """Create a repair issue if the wrong type of SiLabs firmware is detected."""
+    app_type = await probe_silabs_firmware_type(device)
+
+    if app_type is None:
+        # Failed to probe, we can't tell if the wrong firmware is installed
+        return
+
+    if app_type == ApplicationType.EZSP:
+        # If connecting fails but we somehow probe EZSP (e.g. stuck in bootloader),
+        # reconnect, it should work
+        raise ConfigEntryNotReady()
+
+    try:
+        yellow_hardware.async_info(hass)
+        learn_more_url = DISABLE_MULTIPAN_URL_YELLOW
+    except HomeAssistantError:
+        learn_more_url = DISABLE_MULTIPAN_URL_SKYCONNECT
+
+    ir.async_create_issue(
+        hass,
+        DOMAIN,
+        ISSUE_WRONG_SILABS_FIRMWARE_INSTALLED,
+        is_fixable=False,
+        is_persistent=False,
+        learn_more_url=learn_more_url,
+        severity=ir.IssueSeverity.CRITICAL,
+        translation_key=ISSUE_WRONG_SILABS_FIRMWARE_INSTALLED,
+        translation_placeholders={"firmware_type": app_type.name},
+    )
+
+
+def async_delete_blocking_issues(hass: HomeAssistant) -> None:
+    """Delete repair issues that should disappear on a successful startup."""
+    ir.async_delete_issue(hass, DOMAIN, ISSUE_WRONG_SILABS_FIRMWARE_INSTALLED)
diff --git a/homeassistant/components/zha/strings.json b/homeassistant/components/zha/strings.json
index 3829ee68bb5..e15ba9c999d 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/zha/strings.json
+++ b/homeassistant/components/zha/strings.json
@@ -502,5 +502,11 @@
         }
       }
     }
+  },
+  "issues": {
+    "wrong_silabs_firmware_installed": {
+      "title": "Zigbee radio has the wrong firmware installed",
+      "description": "Your Zigbee radio was previously used with multi-PAN and has has non-Zigbee firmware installed ({firmware_type}). It cannot be used with ZHA directly until Zigbee firmware is installed again. Click the \"Learn More\" link below and follow the instructions to re-install Zigbee firmware and reload the integration to try again."
+    }
   }
 }