diff --git a/src/include/units/bits/deduced_symbol_text.h b/src/include/units/bits/deduced_symbol_text.h
index 5d3e2cd9..91333b2d 100644
--- a/src/include/units/bits/deduced_symbol_text.h
+++ b/src/include/units/bits/deduced_symbol_text.h
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ constexpr auto operator_text()
       return basic_fixed_string("/");
     }
     else {
-      return basic_fixed_string("⋅");
+      return basic_symbol_text("⋅", ".");
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/src/include/units/bits/external/text_tools.h b/src/include/units/bits/external/text_tools.h
index aabf37a5..6d9b321f 100644
--- a/src/include/units/bits/external/text_tools.h
+++ b/src/include/units/bits/external/text_tools.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <units/bits/external/fixed_string.h>
+#include <units/symbol_text.h>
 
 namespace units::detail {
 
@@ -41,26 +42,34 @@ template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<7> = "\u2077";
 template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<8> = "\u2078";
 template<> inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_number<9> = "\u2079";
 
-inline constexpr basic_fixed_string superscript_minus = "\u207b";
+inline constexpr basic_symbol_text superscript_minus("\u207b", "-");
+
+inline constexpr basic_symbol_text superscript_prefix("", "^");
+
+template<std::intmax_t Value>
+constexpr auto superscript_helper()
+{
+  if constexpr(Value < 0)
+    return superscript_minus + superscript_helper<-Value>();
+  else if constexpr(Value < 10)
+    return basic_symbol_text(superscript_number<Value>, basic_fixed_string(static_cast<char>('0' + Value)));
+  else
+    return superscript_helper<Value / 10>() + superscript_helper<Value % 10>();
+}
 
 template<std::intmax_t Value>
 constexpr auto superscript()
 {
-  if constexpr(Value < 0)
-    return superscript_minus + superscript<-Value>();
-  else if constexpr(Value < 10)
-    return superscript_number<Value>;
-  else
-    return superscript<Value / 10>() + superscript<Value % 10>();
+  return superscript_prefix + superscript_helper<Value>();
 }
 
 template<std::intmax_t Value>
 constexpr auto regular()
 {
   if constexpr (Value < 0)
-    return basic_fixed_string("-") + superscript<-Value>();
+    return basic_fixed_string("-") + superscript_helper<-Value>();
   else if constexpr (Value < 10)
-    return basic_fixed_string(static_cast<char>('0' + Value));
+    return basic_symbol_text(static_cast<char>('0' + Value));
   else
     return regular<Value / 10>() + regular<Value % 10>();
 }
diff --git a/src/include/units/bits/to_string.h b/src/include/units/bits/to_string.h
index 89fae646..0c9f4988 100644
--- a/src/include/units/bits/to_string.h
+++ b/src/include/units/bits/to_string.h
@@ -30,11 +30,13 @@
 
 namespace units::detail {
 
+inline constexpr basic_symbol_text base_multiplier("\u00D7 10", "x 10");
+
 template<typename Ratio>
 constexpr auto ratio_text()
 {
   if constexpr(Ratio::num == 1 && Ratio::den == 1 && Ratio::exp != 0) {
-    return basic_fixed_string("\u00D7 10") + superscript<Ratio::exp>() + basic_fixed_string(" ");
+    return base_multiplier + superscript<Ratio::exp>() + basic_fixed_string(" ");
   }
   else if constexpr(Ratio::num != 1 || Ratio::den != 1 || Ratio::exp != 0) {
     auto txt = basic_fixed_string("[") + regular<Ratio::num>();
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ constexpr auto ratio_text()
         return txt + basic_fixed_string("] ");
       }
       else {
-        return txt + basic_fixed_string(" \u00D7 10") + superscript<Ratio::exp>() +
+        return txt + " " + base_multiplier + superscript<Ratio::exp>() +
             basic_fixed_string("] ");
       }
     }
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ constexpr auto ratio_text()
       }
       else {
         return txt + basic_fixed_string("/") + regular<Ratio::den>() +
-            basic_fixed_string(" \u00D7 10") + superscript<Ratio::exp>() +
+            " " + base_multiplier + superscript<Ratio::exp>() +
             basic_fixed_string("] ");
       }
     }
diff --git a/src/include/units/symbol_text.h b/src/include/units/symbol_text.h
index ac5086e1..2eed9c1b 100644
--- a/src/include/units/symbol_text.h
+++ b/src/include/units/symbol_text.h
@@ -10,12 +10,21 @@ struct basic_symbol_text {
   basic_fixed_string<StandardCharT, N> standard_;
   basic_fixed_string<char, M> ascii_;
 
-  constexpr basic_symbol_text(StandardCharT s) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(s) {}
-  constexpr basic_symbol_text(StandardCharT s, char a) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(a) {}
-  constexpr basic_symbol_text(const StandardCharT (&s)[N + 1]) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(s) {}
-  constexpr basic_symbol_text(const basic_fixed_string<StandardCharT, N>& s) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(s) {}
-  constexpr basic_symbol_text(const StandardCharT (&s)[N + 1], const StandardCharT (&a)[M + 1]) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(a) {}
-  constexpr basic_symbol_text(const basic_fixed_string<StandardCharT, N>& s, const basic_fixed_string<char, M>& a) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(a) {}
+  constexpr void validate_ascii_char(char c) noexcept { assert((c & 0x80) == 0); }
+
+  template<std::size_t P>
+  constexpr void validate_ascii_string(const char (&s)[P + 1]) noexcept
+  {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < P; ++i)
+      validate_ascii_char(s[i]);
+  }
+
+  constexpr basic_symbol_text(StandardCharT s) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(s) { validate_ascii_char(s); }
+  constexpr basic_symbol_text(StandardCharT s, char a) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(a) { validate_ascii_char(a); }
+  constexpr basic_symbol_text(const StandardCharT (&s)[N + 1]) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(s) { validate_ascii_string<N>(s); }
+  constexpr basic_symbol_text(const basic_fixed_string<StandardCharT, N>& s) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(s) { validate_ascii_string<N>(s.data_); }
+  constexpr basic_symbol_text(const StandardCharT (&s)[N + 1], const char (&a)[M + 1]) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(a) { validate_ascii_string<M>(a); }
+  constexpr basic_symbol_text(const basic_fixed_string<StandardCharT, N>& s, const basic_fixed_string<char, M>& a) noexcept: standard_(s), ascii_(a) { validate_ascii_string<M>(a.data_); }
 
   [[nodiscard]] constexpr auto& standard() { return standard_; }
   [[nodiscard]] constexpr const auto& standard() const { return standard_; }
diff --git a/test/unit_test/runtime/fmt_units_test.cpp b/test/unit_test/runtime/fmt_units_test.cpp
index 615be835..a9a03a8f 100644
--- a/test/unit_test/runtime/fmt_units_test.cpp
+++ b/test/unit_test/runtime/fmt_units_test.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ TEST_CASE("fmt::format on synthesized unit symbols", "[text][fmt]")
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_ns) == "1 ns");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_us) == "1 µs");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_ms) == "1 ms");
+
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_us) == "1 us");
   }
 
   SECTION("length")
@@ -98,11 +100,18 @@ TEST_CASE("fmt::format on synthesized unit symbols", "[text][fmt]")
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_cm2) == "1 cm²");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_km2) == "1 km²");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_ft2) == "1 ft²");
+
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_m2) == "1 m^2");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_mm2) == "1 mm^2");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_cm2) == "1 cm^2");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_km2) == "1 km^2");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_ft2) == "1 ft^2");
   }
 
   SECTION("density")
   {
       CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_kg_per_m3) == "1 kg/m³");
+      CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_kg_per_m3) == "1 kg/m^3");
   }
 
   SECTION("resistance")
@@ -111,6 +120,11 @@ TEST_CASE("fmt::format on synthesized unit symbols", "[text][fmt]")
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_kR) == "1 kΩ");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_mR) == "1 mΩ");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_MR) == "1 MΩ");
+
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_R) == "1 ohm");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_kR) == "1 kohm");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_mR) == "1 mohm");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_MR) == "1 Mohm");
   }
 
   SECTION("voltage")
@@ -120,6 +134,8 @@ TEST_CASE("fmt::format on synthesized unit symbols", "[text][fmt]")
      CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_uV) == "1 µV");
      CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_nV) == "1 nV");
      CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_pV) == "1 pV");
+
+     CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_uV) == "1 uV");
   }
 
   SECTION("volume")
@@ -129,6 +145,12 @@ TEST_CASE("fmt::format on synthesized unit symbols", "[text][fmt]")
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_cm3) == "1 cm³");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_km3) == "1 km³");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_ft3) == "1 ft³");
+
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_m3) == "1 m^3");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_mm3) == "1 mm^3");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_cm3) == "1 cm^3");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_km3) == "1 km^3");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_ft3) == "1 ft^3");
   }
 
   SECTION("frequency")
@@ -150,11 +172,13 @@ TEST_CASE("fmt::format on synthesized unit symbols", "[text][fmt]")
   SECTION("acceleration")
   {
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_m_per_s2) == "1 m/s²");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_m_per_s2) == "1 m/s^2");
   }
 
   SECTION("momentum")
   {
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_kg_m_per_s) == "1 kg⋅m/s");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_kg_m_per_s) == "1 kg.m/s");
   }
 
   SECTION("energy")
@@ -187,10 +211,14 @@ TEST_CASE("fmt::format on synthesized unit symbols", "[text][fmt]")
   {
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_mi * 1q_mi * 1q_mi) == "1 [15900351812136/3814697265625 × 10⁹] m³");
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", 1q_au * 1q_au) == "1 [2237952291797391849 × 10⁴] m²");
+
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_mi * 1q_mi * 1q_mi) == "1 [15900351812136/3814697265625 x 10^9] m^3");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", 1q_au * 1q_au) == "1 [2237952291797391849 x 10^4] m^2");
   }
 
   SECTION("unknown scaled unit with reference different than the dimension's coherent unit")
   {
     CHECK(fmt::format("{}", mass<units::scaled_unit<units::ratio<2, 3>, gram>>(1)) == "1 [2/3 × 10⁻³] kg");
+    CHECK(fmt::format("{:%Q %Aq}", mass<units::scaled_unit<units::ratio<2, 3>, gram>>(1)) == "1 [2/3 x 10^-3] kg");
   }
 }