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261 lines
8.1 KiB
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.. Copyright 2014-present Ivan Kravets <me@ikravets.com>
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Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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You may obtain a copy of the License at
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http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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limitations under the License.
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.. _quickstart:
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Quick Start
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===========
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.. note::
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If you are looking for a Quick Start for PlatformIO IDE please follow to
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:ref:`PlatformIO IDE Quick Start <atom_ide_quickstart>` page.
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This tutorial introduces you to the basics of PlatformIO Command Line Interface
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(CLI) workflow and shows you a creation process of a simple cross-platform
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“Blink” Project. After finishing you will have a general understanding of how
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to work with the multiple development platforms and embedded boards.
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Setting Up the Project
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----------------------
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PlatformIO CLI provides special :ref:`cmd_init` command for configuring your projects.
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It allows to initialize new empty project or update existing with the new data.
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What is more, :ref:`cmd_init` can be used for :ref:`ide`. It means that you will
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be able to import pre-generated PlatformIO project using favorite IDE and
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extend it with the professional instruments for IoT development.
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This tutorial is based on the next popular embedded boards and development
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platforms using *Arduino Wiring-based Framework*:
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.. list-table::
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:header-rows: 1
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* - Platform
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- Board
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- Framework
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* - Atmel AVR
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- Arduino Uno (8-bit ATmega328P)
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- Arduino Wiring-based Framework
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* - Espressif
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- NodeMCU 1.0 (32-bit ESP8266)
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- Arduino Wiring-based Framework
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* - Teensy
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- Teensy 3.1 (32-bit ARM MK20DX256)
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- Arduino Wiring-based Framework
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Board Identifier
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----------------
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:ref:`cmd_init` command requires to specify board identifier (ID/TYPE). It can
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be found using `Embedded Boards Explorer <http://platformio.org/boards>`_
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or :ref:`cmd_boards` command. For example, using :ref:`cmd_boards` let's try
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to find Teensy boards:
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.. code-block:: bash
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> platformio boards teensy
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Platform: teensy
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Type MCU Frequency Flash RAM Name
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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teensy20 atmega32u4 16Mhz 31kB 2.5kB Teensy 2.0
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teensy30 mk20dx128 48Mhz 128kB 16kB Teensy 3.0
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teensy31 mk20dx256 72Mhz 256kB 64kB Teensy 3.1 / 3.2
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teensylc mkl26z64 48Mhz 62kB 8kB Teensy LC
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teensy20pp at90usb1286 16Mhz 127kB 8kB Teensy++ 2.0
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According to the table above the ID/TYPE for Teensy 3.1 is ``teensy31``. Also,
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the ID for Arduino UNO is ``uno`` and for NodeMCU 1.0 (ESP-12E Module)
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is ``nodemcuv2``.
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Initialize Project
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------------------
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PlatformIO ecosystem contains huge database with pre-configured settings for the
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most popular embedded boards. It helps you to forget about installing
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toolchains, writing build scripts or configuring uploading process. Just tell
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PlatformIO the Board ID and you will receive full working project with
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pre-installed instruments for the professional development.
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1. Create empty folder where you are going to initialize new PlatformIO
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project. Then open system Terminal and change directory to it:
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.. code-block:: bash
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# create new direcotry
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> mkdir path_to_the_new_directory
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# go to it
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> cd path_to_the_new_directory
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2. Initialize project for the boards mentioned above (you can specify more
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than one board at time):
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.. code-block:: bash
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> platformio init --board uno --board nodemcuv2 --board teensy31
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The current working directory *** will be used for the new project.
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You can specify another project directory via
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`platformio init -d %PATH_TO_THE_PROJECT_DIR%` command.
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The next files/directories will be created in ***
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platformio.ini - Project Configuration File. |-> PLEASE EDIT ME <-|
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src - Put your source files here
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lib - Put here project specific (private) libraries
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Do you want to continue? [y/N]: y
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Project has been successfully initialized!
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Useful commands:
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`platformio run` - process/build project from the current directory
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`platformio run --target upload` or `platformio run -t upload` - upload firmware to embedded board
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`platformio run --target clean` - clean project (remove compiled files)
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Congrats! You have just created the first PlatformIO based Project with the
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next structure:
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* :ref:`projectconf`
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* ``src`` directory where you should place source code
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(``*.h, *.c, *.cpp, *.S, *.ino, etc.``)
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* ``lib`` directory can be used for the project specific (private) libraries.
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More details are located in ``lib/readme.txt`` file.
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* Miscellaneous files for CVS and :ref:`ci` support.
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.. note::
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If you need to add new board to the existing project please use
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:ref:`cmd_init` again.
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The result of just generated ``platformio.ini``:
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.. code-block:: ini
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#
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# Project Configuration File
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#
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# A detailed documentation with the EXAMPLES is located here:
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# http://docs.platformio.org/en/latest/projectconf.html
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#
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# A sign `#` at the beginning of the line indicates a comment
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# Comment lines are ignored.
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# Simple and base environment
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# [env:mybaseenv]
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# platform = %INSTALLED_PLATFORM_NAME_HERE%
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# framework =
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# board =
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#
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# Automatic targets - enable auto-uploading
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# targets = upload
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[env:uno]
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platform = atmelavr
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framework = arduino
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board = uno
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[env:nodemcuv2]
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platform = espressif
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framework = arduino
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board = nodemcuv2
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[env:teensy31]
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platform = teensy
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framework = arduino
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board = teensy31
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Now, we need to create ``main.cpp`` file and place it to ``src`` folder of our
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newly created project. The contents of ``src/main.cpp``:
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.. code-block:: cpp
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/**
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* Blink
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*
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* Turns on an LED on for one second,
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* then off for one second, repeatedly.
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*/
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#include "Arduino.h"
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void setup()
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{
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// initialize LED digital pin as an output.
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pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
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}
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void loop()
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{
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// turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
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digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
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// wait for a second
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delay(1000);
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// turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
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digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
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// wait for a second
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delay(1000);
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}
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The final Project structure:
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.. code-block:: bash
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project_dir
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├── lib
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│ └── readme.txt
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├── platformio.ini
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└── src
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└── main.cpp
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Process Project
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---------------
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PlatformIO CLI provides special :ref:`cmd_run` command to process project. If
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you call it without any arguments, PlatformIO Build System will process all
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project environments (which were created per each board specified above). Here
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are a few useful commands:
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* ``platformio run``. Process (build) all environments specified in
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:ref:`projectconf`
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* ``platformio run --target upload``. Build project and upload firmware to the
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all devices specified in :ref:`projectconf`
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* ``platformio run --target clean``. Clean project (delete compiled objects)
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* ``platformio run -e uno``. Process only ``uno`` environment
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* ``platformio run -e uno -t upload``. Build project only for ``uno`` and upload
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firmware.
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Please follow to :option:`platformio run --target` documentation for the other
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targets.
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Finally, demo which demonstrates building project and uploading firmware to
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Arduino Uno:
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.. image:: _static/platformio-demo-wiring.gif
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Further Reading
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---------------
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* `Project examples <https://github.com/platformio/platformio-examples/tree/develop>`_
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* :ref:`userguide` for PlatformIO CLI commands
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