2023-03-10 23:49:41 +01:00
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# Rendering templates
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## Fetching or rendering templates directly
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As explained in [basics](basics.md), you can use `$smarty->fetch()` or `$smarty->display()`
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to render a template directly.
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```php
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<?php
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use Smarty\Smarty;
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$smarty = new Smarty();
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$smarty->display('homepage.tpl');
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// or
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$output = $smarty->fetch('homepage.tpl');
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```
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When you use `display()`, Smarty renders the template to the standard output stream.
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`fetch()` returns the output instead of echoing it.
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The example above uses simple filenames to load the template. Smarty also supports
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[loading templates from resources](resources.md).
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## Creating a template object
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You can also create a template object which later can be prepared first,
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and rendered later. This can be useful, for example if you plan to re-use several
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templates.
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```php
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<?php
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use Smarty\Smarty;
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$smarty = new Smarty;
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// create template object with its private variable scope
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$tpl = $smarty->createTemplate('index.tpl');
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// assign a variable (available only to this template)
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$tpl->assign('title', 'My Homepage!');
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// display the template
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$tpl->display();
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```
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More on assigning variables in [using data in templates](variables/assigning.md).
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## Testing if a template exists
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You can use `templateExists()` to check whether a template exists before you attempt to use it.
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It accepts either a path to the template on the filesystem or a
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resource string specifying the template.
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This example uses `$_GET['page']` to
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[`{include}`](../designers/language-builtin-functions/language-function-include.md) a content template. If the
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template does not exist then an error page is displayed instead. First,
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the `page_container.tpl`
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```smarty
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<html>
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<head>
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<title>{$title|escape}</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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{* include middle content page *}
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{include file=$content_template}
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</body>
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</html>
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```
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And the php script:
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```php
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<?php
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// set the filename eg index.inc.tpl
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$mid_template = $_GET['page'].'.inc.tpl';
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if (!$smarty->templateExists($mid_template)){
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$mid_template = 'page_not_found.tpl';
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}
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$smarty->assign('content_template', $mid_template);
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$smarty->display('page_container.tpl');
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```
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