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Author SHA1 Message Date
bf2154d563 This commit was manufactured by cvs2svn to create branch
'array_wrapper'.

[SVN r31998]
2005-12-12 15:22:03 +00:00
f66e844ff1 Merged from Version_1_33_1
[SVN r31949]
2005-12-08 03:23:02 +00:00
62e8cc2b36 Attempted portability fix for Sun compilers
[SVN r31904]
2005-12-04 18:47:02 +00:00
30236f8915 Made the Boost logo link to the home page
[SVN r31112]
2005-09-25 21:54:19 +00:00
155e787ea3 Fix reporting of enable_if tests
[SVN r31060]
2005-09-20 18:35:26 +00:00
1d60d49136 Large patch from Ulrich Eckhardt to fix support for EVC++ 4.
[SVN r30670]
2005-08-25 16:27:28 +00:00
2dffdac9fe Disabiguated the detail namespace.
[SVN r30558]
2005-08-12 19:06:10 +00:00
ddf00eb29d Merged from 1.33.0 release
[SVN r30540]
2005-08-12 13:02:37 +00:00
0a6acd8ce8 Fix broken links
[SVN r30403]
2005-08-03 13:01:57 +00:00
745322e797 Fix broken links
[SVN r30401]
2005-08-03 12:25:30 +00:00
9f10fc03ce More Parameter library reference edits
[SVN r30276]
2005-07-28 04:19:28 +00:00
84fbb3c896 Fix mis-nested namespace scope/#ifdef
[SVN r30159]
2005-07-18 18:50:47 +00:00
865c707756 BOOST_NO_RESULT_OF support
[SVN r30040]
2005-07-13 12:35:37 +00:00
871f3a6779 Don't use the self contained include files for boost.test as this test is linked
with the boost.test library. We end up with multiple defined symbols, otherwise.


[SVN r29559]
2005-06-14 13:46:20 +00:00
aaca5ca871 Updated Borland workaround.
[SVN r29462]
2005-06-07 09:44:19 +00:00
5a4e19989f Workaround for nonconformance to CWG issue 298, checked in on behalf of John Maddock
[SVN r29415]
2005-06-03 19:11:54 +00:00
6ea398c446 Make it clear that POD's are not zero initialised.
[SVN r29254]
2005-05-28 11:51:04 +00:00
1bd83d43e8 Improvements in type_traits have gotten MSVC 7.0 and prior down to 12 failures here
[SVN r29170]
2005-05-24 14:53:49 +00:00
5ca5b4102b Optional's Assignment fixed
[SVN r28412]
2005-04-22 13:28:34 +00:00
aca7699046 Add V2 Jamfile
[SVN r28246]
2005-04-14 13:15:46 +00:00
e702a944ca Fixes to get the tests working with the latest type traits and Boost.Test versions.
[SVN r27864]
2005-03-29 11:21:53 +00:00
a157c345ee Updated is_convertible test cases to check polymorphic-type conversions.
Added more test types to testing header.
Changed utility code to use new test header.


[SVN r27807]
2005-03-24 18:20:18 +00:00
dcb2dd4736 Removed type_traits include, added more tests
[SVN r27712]
2005-03-16 22:02:22 +00:00
ae19cd6236 work-around for Borland addressof(array) bug and associated tests
[SVN r27656]
2005-03-14 23:03:42 +00:00
3ab4d38931 Apply typo fixes from Julio M. Merino Vidal
[SVN r27513]
2005-02-27 17:28:24 +00:00
18c7fb72b5 ADL problem (with VC7.1) fixed
[SVN r27495]
2005-02-24 16:04:49 +00:00
6bb092a9b1 Add comment explaining use of assert.h
[SVN r27473]
2005-02-21 12:32:20 +00:00
f721b8b28c replaced BOOST_TEST
[SVN r27054]
2005-02-03 13:48:49 +00:00
e5ba34472d merge RC_1_32_0 fixes
[SVN r26333]
2004-11-28 04:44:21 +00:00
082ae17eaf merge RC_1_32_0 fixes
[SVN r26328]
2004-11-28 03:35:12 +00:00
dd86e09ab4 merge RC_1_32_0 tab fixes
[SVN r26327]
2004-11-28 03:27:25 +00:00
baff23116e Fixed link to function_output_iterator
[SVN r25949]
2004-10-29 19:19:20 +00:00
e549baf93a move enable_if tests into their own subdirectory
[SVN r25649]
2004-10-10 16:15:58 +00:00
30d46adcb7 bad links fixed
added myself to people


[SVN r25610]
2004-10-07 16:01:24 +00:00
e854726be0 c++boost.gif -> boost.png replacement
[SVN r25573]
2004-10-05 15:45:52 +00:00
d198bd9d96 added explicit return to main
[SVN r25387]
2004-09-24 06:17:26 +00:00
5eb23cecd0 In-place factories moved from /detail to /utility
New value_initalized tests added


[SVN r25377]
2004-09-23 17:03:54 +00:00
eff2c75bba taken care of BOOST_NO_STDC_NAMESPACE
[SVN r25345]
2004-09-22 17:18:06 +00:00
325bd73df7 In-place factories moved from /detail to /utility
New value_initalized tests added


[SVN r25313]
2004-09-21 14:54:32 +00:00
0fcc554abd Initial commit
[SVN r25178]
2004-09-17 16:53:57 +00:00
b685784155 Added new types boost::long_long_type and boost::ulong_long_type in boost/config.hpp and applied these types in place of "long long" throughout. As a result, almost all of boost now compiles cleanly with -ansi -pedantic with gcc. Changes tested with gcc 3.3, 2.95, VC7.1 and Intel 8.
[SVN r24899]
2004-09-04 10:34:49 +00:00
ac90fdc611 merge new MPL version from 'mplbook' branch
[SVN r24874]
2004-09-02 15:41:37 +00:00
51077e49f5 Fixed CW problems and refactored fail cases
[SVN r24870]
2004-09-02 13:19:50 +00:00
0c3199f72d Added my long name
[SVN r24869]
2004-09-02 12:59:42 +00:00
62675a3bcd added copyright/license
[SVN r24814]
2004-08-30 01:31:40 +00:00
c26dbaa620 Updated copyright year list, since the interface changed
[SVN r24801]
2004-08-28 20:51:19 +00:00
8201624959 Moved a template argument default for base_from_member to primary header; removed forwarding header as it's not needed anymore
[SVN r24800]
2004-08-28 20:46:17 +00:00
f2116413d6 Changed constructor templates to be generated with the Preprocessor library; added a control macro for the maximum constructor argument length
[SVN r24799]
2004-08-28 20:24:17 +00:00
b0baebeb0a fix noncopyable, finally
[SVN r24618]
2004-08-20 17:17:06 +00:00
fb943b77d5 License updates
[SVN r24597]
2004-08-19 15:19:17 +00:00
b4b39510fc ADL protection
[SVN r24595]
2004-08-19 13:12:35 +00:00
6f0f05ba12 remove forward declaration for noncopyable
[SVN r24578]
2004-08-19 02:31:29 +00:00
f0b64b6229 ADL protection
[SVN r24564]
2004-08-18 17:01:11 +00:00
4229488989 Added redirection to fix old links.
[SVN r24558]
2004-08-18 13:55:35 +00:00
acd2e6ef2b Added Daryle Walker's copyrights as requested.
[SVN r24481]
2004-08-15 10:13:49 +00:00
c26aaed71f Moved to BSL
[SVN r24446]
2004-08-12 17:13:07 +00:00
326d7ad4d7 Removed boost.org copyright assignments, and reverted to orginal author (as based on cvs history).
[SVN r24402]
2004-08-11 10:59:33 +00:00
c76a2f4aab Add my license info
[SVN r24373]
2004-08-10 13:57:30 +00:00
d8b0ff2d7e Removed Boost.org copyrights and replaced with originating authors copyright instead.
[SVN r24372]
2004-08-10 12:53:34 +00:00
996ce2d307 Updated Beman Dawes' licence statement to use the new prefered form of words.
[SVN r24370]
2004-08-10 10:34:20 +00:00
167fa4154f Eliminated unreviewed, unused, noncompiling code
[SVN r24314]
2004-08-05 18:57:39 +00:00
0c7e7c3c39 half_open_range_test removed
[SVN r24313]
2004-08-05 18:46:55 +00:00
9d8f8f41dc Include for test library fixed
[SVN r24299]
2004-08-05 09:23:05 +00:00
39c4445b39 add missing tests, reorder tests by filename
[SVN r24216]
2004-08-01 05:40:21 +00:00
7819b022ad License update
[SVN r24180]
2004-07-30 04:46:56 +00:00
65d27e7f86 License update
[SVN r24175]
2004-07-30 01:47:08 +00:00
212a70bf77 Remove "and" from copyright
[SVN r24167]
2004-07-29 15:50:36 +00:00
6b5dc18a46 Converted to Boost Software License, Version 1.0
[SVN r24096]
2004-07-27 03:43:34 +00:00
0917f83b9c Converted to Boost Software License, Version 1.0
[SVN r24055]
2004-07-26 00:32:12 +00:00
7322bd3903 License update
[SVN r24048]
2004-07-25 19:13:06 +00:00
e998010184 Add license
[SVN r24021]
2004-07-25 03:57:20 +00:00
918a1c93e4 Doug Gregor -> Douglas Gregor
[SVN r24016]
2004-07-25 02:29:29 +00:00
14c87853c2 Needed to include cstddef to get std::size_t
[SVN r24000]
2004-07-23 18:42:30 +00:00
d5a5b84a40 Switch the test to use std::stringstream, not std::ostrstream, since
the latter is deprecated and gcc warns whenever one tries to use it.


[SVN r23896]
2004-07-21 12:28:18 +00:00
35d3c03d19 Update
[SVN r23085]
2004-06-11 11:18:50 +00:00
8933fbb254 The binary_search_test does not require Boost.Test all all, and does not
provide 'test_main' or 'unit_test_main', so don't link to Boost.Test.


[SVN r23073]
2004-06-10 11:49:39 +00:00
c320330cd5 fixed a typo
[SVN r22754]
2004-05-06 22:38:34 +00:00
822b46a3df Complain when compiler can't support result_of
[SVN r22749]
2004-05-06 17:29:54 +00:00
a821ef6e2c Added enable_if.hpp as an include
[SVN r22735]
2004-05-04 16:07:00 +00:00
491db15997 boost/utility/result_of.hpp, boost/utility/detail/result_of_iterate.hpp:
- result_of implementation

libs/utility/test/result_of_test.cpp:
  - result_of tests

libs/utility/test/Jamfile, libs/utility/test/Jamfile.v2:
  - run result_of tests

libs/utility/utility.htm:
  - document result_of

libs/libraries.htm:
  - list result_of

index.htm:
  - announce result_of


[SVN r22720]
2004-05-02 19:55:02 +00:00
b6c826a139 shared_container_iterator library:
- updated Copyright and License notices
 - Added shared_iterator_test to the iterator test suite.


[SVN r22140]
2004-02-02 22:16:36 +00:00
7b472a05ee Obsoleted old iterator adaptor docs
[SVN r22101]
2004-02-01 04:30:15 +00:00
9a07bc0d9b Added missing include <cstddef>
[SVN r21993]
2004-01-27 11:24:25 +00:00
154d6bb198 When we have a compressed pair of two types that are the same, and both empty, then we must still have two distict objects in the pair.
[SVN r21958]
2004-01-26 11:29:07 +00:00
0dde936e61 DM fixes
[SVN r21933]
2004-01-26 00:19:59 +00:00
918bf25039 Fixed documentation for less_pointees
[SVN r21737]
2004-01-14 20:22:00 +00:00
04fda4fb4e Use proper syntax to refer to Boost.Test.
[SVN r21566]
2004-01-09 13:03:16 +00:00
e14a250d6e pro9 workarounds; some ADL protection for is_xxx
[SVN r21529]
2004-01-07 14:07:21 +00:00
806745f24e Fix tabs in file.
[SVN r21399]
2003-12-26 23:26:49 +00:00
4231f774e4 fix next_prior_test.cpp directory
[SVN r21384]
2003-12-23 19:14:37 +00:00
dfc320124f Extended next/prior using patch from Daniel Walker (Daniel.Walker-at-bowneglobal.com)
[SVN r21382]
2003-12-23 14:59:59 +00:00
be43ba1569 Improved workarounds.
[SVN r21157]
2003-12-06 03:57:54 +00:00
f3f879555a Fixed result_type
[SVN r21155]
2003-12-05 22:03:33 +00:00
3155044abd added dummy versions of enable_if templates for platforms that
have BOOST_NO_SFINAE defined


[SVN r21154]
2003-12-05 21:38:43 +00:00
484d184de5 guarded enable_if definitions with BOOST_NO_SFINAE
[SVN r21149]
2003-12-05 16:31:38 +00:00
3305cf1592 Fixed a bug in the semantics of less_pointees() {again}
[SVN r21133]
2003-12-04 01:53:29 +00:00
ec36cd8c54 Fixed a bug in the semantics of less_pointees()
[SVN r21132]
2003-12-04 01:47:31 +00:00
61fb5a0b8f fix broken link to logo
[SVN r21122]
2003-12-03 14:36:38 +00:00
8024c3e9c7 Updated license terms
[SVN r21120]
2003-12-03 13:34:11 +00:00
2f5945d0cd Removed bool_testable, added note about portability of separate, explicit instantiation, changed license of documentation
[SVN r21110]
2003-12-03 07:01:28 +00:00
929517d6d7 Added enable_if library
[SVN r21090]
2003-12-02 21:41:15 +00:00
abcab174a5 _MSC_VER use clarified.
[SVN r20992]
2003-11-28 15:35:21 +00:00
801be90699 Moved from "utility" to "detail" until a Fast Track Review formalizes it.
[SVN r20983]
2003-11-28 14:36:21 +00:00
265c2348b8 Removed access category tags from iterator library, made corresponding
changes elsewhere.

boost/iterator and libs/iterator/test were updated from
branch "simplify"


[SVN r20905]
2003-11-22 01:18:37 +00:00
fb95bcc64c Moved some of my stuff to the Boost Software License, Version 1.0
[SVN r20681]
2003-11-05 07:04:53 +00:00
aedc410525 New License
[SVN r20607]
2003-11-03 02:59:08 +00:00
7fa440c154 *** empty log message ***
[SVN r20511]
2003-10-28 00:09:18 +00:00
746e0fad2b Changed email address to john@johnmaddock.co.uk
[SVN r20472]
2003-10-24 11:13:42 +00:00
1616f6f5a8 Update credits for R. Samuel Klatchko
[SVN r20325]
2003-10-09 14:16:15 +00:00
ca3e7d8530 Add V2 Jamfile
[SVN r20270]
2003-10-07 07:25:24 +00:00
f0f753ba6c Typed in place construction added
[SVN r20070]
2003-09-15 20:28:10 +00:00
532065b51b Change license message to reference Boost Software License
[SVN r20038]
2003-09-12 17:09:29 +00:00
4bfb534bae Added for new Boost.Optional functionality
[SVN r19995]
2003-09-10 15:40:47 +00:00
95ba7a4381 Use the import rule
[SVN r19968]
2003-09-08 17:38:49 +00:00
e92213431e Removed tie_example.cpp per Daniel's request
[SVN r19910]
2003-09-03 05:24:48 +00:00
7dd7daee1b Removed obsolete references to utility/tie
[SVN r19902]
2003-09-01 21:04:26 +00:00
953cc46220 Removed code-breaking change from boost/detail/iterator.hpp and
corresponding workarounds from tests.

Added permutation_iterator_test to the suite after fixing it up -- it
was riddled with bugs!


[SVN r19841]
2003-08-28 20:18:51 +00:00
b5ae0ad86b Moved to much cleaner system of using BOOST_TT_BROKEN_COMPILER_SPEC
for handling vc6/7 deficiencies with iterator_traits.

Fixed a bug in iterator_facade which was causing incomplete types to
be passed through is_convertible.

Reinstated libs/utility/iterator_traits_test.cpp


[SVN r19840]
2003-08-28 16:52:02 +00:00
c86fcbf456 Fix for Metrowerks CW
[SVN r19626]
2003-08-16 01:05:43 +00:00
6ded8b9ad6 Initial revision.
[SVN r19536]
2003-08-11 19:24:03 +00:00
bb6a6272e1 Updated shared_container_iterator to use the new iterator adaptors library.
Updated the documentation and examples as well to reflect the changes.


[SVN r19535]
2003-08-11 16:29:47 +00:00
242634b3fc Added safe_bool_testable_test
[SVN r19373]
2003-07-30 21:33:37 +00:00
662cf14bf6 Initial version
[SVN r19372]
2003-07-30 21:32:19 +00:00
fe3aaf62cd Undo overeager workarounding and safe_bool.
[SVN r19364]
2003-07-30 12:41:10 +00:00
cb189bd6be operators.hpp, operators_test.cpp - workaround for compilers not
supporting the PP lib, many workarounds for another problem which
   may be our bug.

linear_congruential.hpp - Borland workaround


[SVN r19350]
2003-07-30 01:11:14 +00:00
f57c914b8f Preparation for delivering nicely-formatted error messages in
Boost.Python.  The major change is that, instead of being
boost::function2<PyObject*,PyObject*,PyObject*>, py_function is now a
runtime-polymorphic wrapper for compile-time polymorphic
behavior (just like function) of our own which carries more
information/behaviors.  In particular, you can retrieve an array of
c-strings describing the types in the function signature.
Additionally, the minimum and maximum arity are stored in the
py_function object instead of in the 'function' object which wraps it.

* data_members.hpp -

     Adjustments for the new py_function.  Workarounds for CodeWarrior
     Pro 8.3 bugs in function template argument deduction with
     pointers-to-members.

* has_back_reference.hpp, test/back_reference.cpp,
  test/select_holder.cpp -

     Updated to follow the metafunction protocol

* init.hpp, detail/defaults_gen.hpp -

     Make Keywords a more-specific type in function signatures to
     prevent string literals that show up as char[N] from binding to
     the wrong argument (at least Intel 7.1 for Windows does this).

* make_function.hpp -

     Adjustments for the new py_function.  Arities are now computed
     by caller<>.

* opaque_pointer_converter.hpp, type_id.hpp -

     Use BOOST_NO_EXPLICIT_FUNCTION_TEMPLATE_ARGUMENTS facilities;
     generate specializations that all compilers can handle.

* raw_function.hpp -

     Adjustments for the new py_function.

* caller.hpp -

     Added arity and signature type name reporting.

* detail/config.hpp

     Enable __declspec(dllexport) for Cygwin, thereby fixing the
     recent horrible Cygwin linking problems.


* detail/msvc_typeinfo.hpp -

     Always pass boost::type<T>* explicitly, thereby working around
     incompatible notions of how to specialize function templates with
     default arguments on various compilers.

*   object/function.hpp
  , object/function_handle.hpp
  , object/function_object.hpp
  , object/function_object.cpp

     Adjustments for the new py_function.  Arities are carried by
     py_function.

* object/iterator.hpp, object/iterator.cpp

     Adjustments for the new py_function; we have to compute a
     signature of types to construct it with.

* object/py_function.hpp

     Removed dependency on boost::function; see the comment at the
     top of this entry for more details.

* object/select_holder.hpp

     Clean up to more closely follow MPL idioms.

* test/Jamfile -

     Adjust the embedding test for the new Cygwin use of declspec.
     Update bases and pointee tests with missing properties.

* test/input_iterator.cpp -

     Updates for the new iterator adaptors.

* test/opaque.py -

     Add Python encoding comment to suppress PendinDeprecationWarning
     with recent Python builds.

* test/str.cpp

     Pass a Python long instead of a float to string.expandtabs,
     suppressing a PendinDeprecationWarning with recent Python builds.

* libs/utility/counting_iterator_example.cpp

     Borland workaround

* libs/utility/indirect_iterator_example.cpp

     const-correctness fix.

*


[SVN r19247]
2003-07-22 00:06:41 +00:00
7cec198e14 Added missing algorithm include.
[SVN r19230]
2003-07-20 19:17:18 +00:00
52d3120528 Borland workaround
[SVN r19157]
2003-07-16 19:10:34 +00:00
f1aff5670c strict 2-phase ADL fixes.
[SVN r19152]
2003-07-16 15:16:21 +00:00
632f682292 Satisfy assignable requirement for output iterators.
[SVN r19150]
2003-07-16 14:30:47 +00:00
d1d0d6b788 Fixed Intel 7 issue (reported by Daniel Frey)
[SVN r19145]
2003-07-16 10:53:06 +00:00
3bd833c8ff avoid default parameters for function templates, they confuse SunCC
[SVN r19100]
2003-07-13 18:59:08 +00:00
1ef77b0853 fix cut-and-paste problem with subproject path
[SVN r19084]
2003-07-12 09:37:36 +00:00
074007ab8c Get examples working, mostly. Some interface expansion for a few of
the adaptors, allowing default construction of UnaryFunction and
Predicate arguments when they are class types.


[SVN r19081]
2003-07-12 04:15:13 +00:00
c4b7aaf281 Move to new iterator adaptors
[SVN r19074]
2003-07-11 22:18:58 +00:00
22b8494e9a Factored out separate utility/test Jamfile
[SVN r19068]
2003-07-11 17:24:18 +00:00
c1c8329403 Expanded base-from-member constructors to 10 arguments; did minor tweaks
[SVN r18791]
2003-06-15 01:16:49 +00:00
20a89040e1 -Wundef fixes.
[SVN r18788]
2003-06-12 17:09:24 +00:00
1c7a2a1476 IBM C++ support added.
[SVN r18587]
2003-05-28 13:45:58 +00:00
7c40cc0b63 Fixed bool_testable for compilers with BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE
[SVN r18521]
2003-05-23 23:09:21 +00:00
73a9e0d351 Intel support.
[SVN r18520]
2003-05-23 22:30:23 +00:00
dc9856744a Fixed tests for bool_testable
[SVN r18502]
2003-05-23 00:18:57 +00:00
88f4e47550 Added bool_testable by Sam Partington
[SVN r18413]
2003-05-15 22:40:33 +00:00
1be04eeec5 Fix a bug in preprocessor usage
[SVN r18231]
2003-04-11 06:56:52 +00:00
56acf9c325 Fixed shift-operators to respect BOOST_FORCE_SYMMETRIC_OPERATORS
[SVN r17664]
2003-02-26 21:26:57 +00:00
c6e3957efc MPL names/directory structure refactoring
[SVN r17651]
2003-02-25 23:11:41 +00:00
25e8284950 Qualified checked_delete calls to prevent ADL (reported by Daniel Frey)
[SVN r17636]
2003-02-25 13:00:22 +00:00
37a6537a5b fix metafunctions for MPL
[SVN r17621]
2003-02-25 00:57:33 +00:00
80df1d8f12 split utility.hpp header
[SVN r17472]
2003-02-17 06:20:57 +00:00
75afed7f17 Made operator()s const.
[SVN r17411]
2003-02-14 16:20:01 +00:00
1d7066aee1 __func__ is a predefined identifier, not a macro.
[SVN r17308]
2003-02-10 16:25:41 +00:00
12272a38d4 Initial Commit (was left out when the Optional Library was commited)
[SVN r17204]
2003-02-04 15:29:12 +00:00
04f901e52e fixed some typos
[SVN r17052]
2003-01-27 19:14:18 +00:00
fabfb31bf6 add value_init
[SVN r16826]
2003-01-09 13:26:13 +00:00
683701cd07 fix invalid bookmarks
[SVN r16823]
2003-01-09 13:03:37 +00:00
119c64be0b Workaround VC7 bug which strips const from nested classes
[SVN r16797]
2003-01-08 17:21:10 +00:00
d429c9a7d8 minor cleanup
[SVN r16709]
2002-12-27 16:58:27 +00:00
1e8216431b add or update See www.boost.org comments
[SVN r16708]
2002-12-27 16:51:53 +00:00
e45b2e2136 Doc link updated.
[SVN r16699]
2002-12-24 12:34:42 +00:00
9e6951009b Add /libs/lib-name to comment
[SVN r16685]
2002-12-23 02:43:12 +00:00
a009a209f1 Use BOOST_WORKAROUND
[SVN r16668]
2002-12-20 00:03:04 +00:00
97605056ed Added a note that throw_exception must not return (Beman Dawes)
[SVN r16471]
2002-12-02 12:12:42 +00:00
8fcfa33d33 Fix: Comeau with bcc32 as backend defines __BORLANDC__ as 1.
[SVN r16455]
2002-11-28 13:32:44 +00:00
aa65e3da3b sort_by_value(std::list<std::string>& l) is not declared inline anymore to make it compile with vacpp
[SVN r16407]
2002-11-25 15:54:37 +00:00
b4cfadb4d5 Metrowerks support (Bertolt Mildner)
[SVN r16263]
2002-11-15 19:44:18 +00:00
45a6249668 New BOOST_ASSERT, including documentation.
[SVN r16240]
2002-11-14 16:09:29 +00:00
1d601aef4d boost::throw_exception documentation added.
[SVN r16239]
2002-11-14 15:13:59 +00:00
32fb45eba9 checked_delete.hpp documentation added.
[SVN r16238]
2002-11-14 14:53:32 +00:00
2b7d10aceb BOOST_CURRENT_FUNCTION documentation added.
[SVN r16236]
2002-11-14 14:41:25 +00:00
5dc62711e1 Fix from Yitzhak Sapir <yitzhaks@actimize.com>
[SVN r16198]
2002-11-11 19:50:05 +00:00
252c02aca0 Works with MSVC and Intel5 now. Thanks, Aleksey!!
[SVN r16165]
2002-11-08 17:08:17 +00:00
9655beb7ba Cleanups on boost::iterator_traits<>
Broke MSVC though :(


[SVN r16157]
2002-11-08 06:57:31 +00:00
f0ea53e77e rip out illegal semicolons
[SVN r16134]
2002-11-06 18:20:38 +00:00
4755b42909 Daniel Frey's NRVO patches
[SVN r16084]
2002-11-04 01:59:32 +00:00
ef9af03c6c Changed typename to class; some libraries helpfully #define typename
[SVN r15970]
2002-10-23 13:55:18 +00:00
7439073cbf Merged from branch to trunk
[SVN r15572]
2002-09-30 16:54:26 +00:00
aff985a563 explicit "private" inheritance to avoid compiler warnings (MIPSpro)
[SVN r15422]
2002-09-17 21:06:32 +00:00
db425222d5 mpl_v2 branch checkin
[SVN r15258]
2002-09-11 05:35:41 +00:00
e20af510f7 Initial Revision
[SVN r15254]
2002-09-10 16:13:08 +00:00
d8230c6a73 Added Shared Container Iterator adaptor to iterator adaptor library.
[SVN r15169]
2002-09-05 14:05:29 +00:00
f5690787bf Distinguish between VC++ versions
[SVN r15127]
2002-09-01 14:57:40 +00:00
a4fd7b32dd Misc Kylix fixes
[SVN r15086]
2002-08-25 11:57:37 +00:00
f4336ec693 fixed typo.
[SVN r14798]
2002-08-12 20:47:54 +00:00
03d906976b Reduced probes from 10,000 to 1,000 to speed regression tests
[SVN r14789]
2002-08-12 15:05:23 +00:00
4ba6a96822 fix test_main signature
[SVN r14783]
2002-08-12 13:22:40 +00:00
1ea4140d56 Added tests for BOOST_NO_STD_ITERATOR_TRAITS
[SVN r14654]
2002-07-31 11:25:25 +00:00
351d4ecb15 Document policies() member of iterator_adaptor
[SVN r14613]
2002-07-26 00:03:24 +00:00
7fbf84dcc6 BaseType -> Base in one more place
[SVN r14605]
2002-07-25 19:10:05 +00:00
3ff49b272d fixup
[SVN r14598]
2002-07-25 14:16:54 +00:00
5b52e3d418 Fix doc based on Beman's feedback
[SVN r14596]
2002-07-25 13:52:48 +00:00
8c0eb498d3 Fix unversioned VC++ checks
[SVN r14436]
2002-07-13 12:26:19 +00:00
48a81ef7ea VC++ fixes
[SVN r14435]
2002-07-13 12:22:51 +00:00
f7610c9b26 fix link
[SVN r14318]
2002-07-05 23:51:20 +00:00
1755eaf019 Merged from RC_1_28_0
[SVN r13944]
2002-05-16 00:56:42 +00:00
6b8b218efb Removed tabs, fixed end of files.
[SVN r13803]
2002-05-10 11:35:38 +00:00
333d79b345 Add index.html so automatic tools work correctly
[SVN r13725]
2002-05-07 19:23:05 +00:00
f0fa436fe4 Added new config macro BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64 to detect presence of __int64 data type.
Modified boost source to use BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG and BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64
   where appropriate to do so.


[SVN r13714]
2002-05-07 11:24:29 +00:00
13e6d78fa8 Fixes for Borland C++ Builder 6
[SVN r13662]
2002-05-04 11:03:42 +00:00
7126ea2685 Borland C++ Builder 6 fixes
[SVN r13659]
2002-05-04 10:55:15 +00:00
a37518cb4a Fixed broken links.
[SVN r13574]
2002-04-27 11:05:49 +00:00
64b3e8c3bd add missing #include <iterator>
[SVN r13554]
2002-04-23 19:52:11 +00:00
339937380e MSVC fixes.
[SVN r13476]
2002-04-13 13:19:57 +00:00
6156f0d302 Roll addressof() patch back in!
[SVN r13433]
2002-04-10 17:01:35 +00:00
00560e8e17 addressof.hpp:
- Peter Dimov suggested a fix to deal with those evil cv-qualifiers


[SVN r13431]
2002-04-10 14:47:32 +00:00
029ff9828f Roll back addressof() patch temporarily
[SVN r13428]
2002-04-10 09:48:30 +00:00
ec188c7c3e Make local classes nonlocal to silence annoying warnings from Borland C++
[SVN r13418]
2002-04-10 04:00:22 +00:00
0a0296a5d0 ref.hpp:
- Use addressof() instead of & operator


[SVN r13416]
2002-04-10 03:36:17 +00:00
6e26a5bbe7 boost/utility.hpp:
- Include boost/utility/addressof.hpp

boost/utility/addressof.hpp:
  - addressof() implementation

libs/utility/utility.htm:
  - Document addressof

libs/utility/addressof_test.cpp:
  - Test addressof()


[SVN r13414]
2002-04-10 03:31:18 +00:00
dc1b6246a0 boost/ref.hpp:
- Added get_pointer method to return a pointer (instead of a reference)

libs/bind/ref.html:
  - Document get_pointer


[SVN r13322]
2002-03-31 00:24:00 +00:00
15f69eaf14 Fixed new problem with Borland compile -
code clashes with some new type traits workarounds for some reason.


[SVN r13226]
2002-03-19 11:33:00 +00:00
4774a0d325 Added Copyright
[SVN r13145]
2002-03-09 20:34:06 +00:00
be78ab72c9 update expected failures for Sun CC
[SVN r13101]
2002-03-05 20:41:37 +00:00
0bc4a1b20d Warning suppressioni from Craig Rodrigues
[SVN r13098]
2002-03-05 18:55:49 +00:00
c8b674d105 Add missing paren.
[SVN r12997]
2002-03-01 17:43:00 +00:00
b421d4725a Fixed expected failures for gcc 3.1
[SVN r12994]
2002-03-01 12:27:01 +00:00
1662bb5713 use of "small" changed to "small_" to suppress confusion on some compilers
[SVN r12916]
2002-02-24 02:35:19 +00:00
ad79a21abd added portability note about using std::vector's as Base with VC++
[SVN r12875]
2002-02-21 12:09:46 +00:00
19645a52e6 Added a default constructor to shared_count and shared_ptr for incomplete types (void).
[SVN r12815]
2002-02-15 13:31:58 +00:00
74c3077c9a Added test cases for incomplete and abstract base class types.
[SVN r12803]
2002-02-14 12:57:32 +00:00
1f29191329 Modified call_traits to work with incomplete types.
[SVN r12800]
2002-02-14 12:54:57 +00:00
4b636a7680 Always say "private noncopyable" to avoid warnings.
[SVN r12762]
2002-02-08 20:08:15 +00:00
e6fc2555f3 removed tabs
[SVN r12707]
2002-02-04 20:29:35 +00:00
e27d0fcf2a New smart pointer documentation. Related clean-up of the smart pointer
library. Changing includes to include the new individual smart pointer
headers. Replacing old smart pointer library with an include of the new
smart pointer headers. Simplify ifdefs that involve the member templates
macros now that BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES is also guaranteed to bet
set for platforms that have full member templates.


[SVN r12647]
2002-02-02 18:36:12 +00:00
2643c33b20 Doc fixes from Thomas Witt
[SVN r12621]
2002-02-01 13:03:21 +00:00
71af1e77c8 compile-time ref.hpp header test, initial checkin
[SVN r12525]
2002-01-27 13:39:06 +00:00
99e7406bd9 ref_ct_test.cpp
[SVN r12524]
2002-01-27 13:32:37 +00:00
413265f497 compile-time ref.hpp header test, initial checkin
[SVN r12522]
2002-01-27 13:07:20 +00:00
fe44cdf09b made 'reference_wrapper' Assignable
[SVN r12520]
2002-01-27 13:02:27 +00:00
e413428d71 Added tests for the new smart pointers.
[SVN r12500]
2002-01-25 13:54:30 +00:00
88b9822db7 Mark inline to avoid warning with "require prototypes" on.
[SVN r12490]
2002-01-24 19:15:30 +00:00
24045c0cd7 #included <boost/checked_delete.hpp>, removed unnecessary #includes.
[SVN r12488]
2002-01-24 17:47:08 +00:00
d2aa9f4a84 added missing #include of boost/config.hpp
[SVN r12483]
2002-01-24 16:55:41 +00:00
d2a5fd169f initial checkin
[SVN r12481]
2002-01-24 16:52:06 +00:00
4e350d9934 Modified is_reference_wrapper<> to work for reference types.
[SVN r12475]
2002-01-24 13:28:08 +00:00
f3f697bbc8 added is_reference_wrapper<>, unwrap_reference<>
[SVN r12470]
2002-01-23 21:19:14 +00:00
c7c09696db Tweak comments. Include <assert.h> and <boost/current_function.hpp> only
when needed.


[SVN r12446]
2002-01-22 18:28:33 +00:00
dbcc58d984 Smart pointer enhancements, initial commit
[SVN r12439]
2002-01-22 13:38:52 +00:00
8231310c4d initial checkin
[SVN r12390]
2002-01-21 01:29:06 +00:00
2988140430 tabs
[SVN r12360]
2002-01-19 16:07:28 +00:00
7387966005 Stripped tabs from source
[SVN r12351]
2002-01-19 12:38:14 +00:00
e0a5a61375 removed eroneous "detail::" prefix
[SVN r12326]
2002-01-15 19:14:53 +00:00
66ecd70689 removed std:: prefix from slist
[SVN r12310]
2002-01-14 14:57:20 +00:00
67f4f45653 Fixed violation of 'explicit' constructor
[SVN r12256]
2002-01-09 13:15:54 +00:00
1bf28b3de2 Fixes for Borland
[SVN r12254]
2002-01-09 12:11:37 +00:00
eb3c3435d7 Updated expected results
[SVN r12250]
2002-01-08 13:01:15 +00:00
8a81d8b16c Workarounds for MSVC
[SVN r12246]
2002-01-07 19:24:45 +00:00
bc9d8b13d0 converted some of the old terminology (OrderIterator) to the current
terminology (IndexIterator)


[SVN r12164]
2001-12-28 15:49:45 +00:00
4768b167ab Removed obsolete mentions of "less"; Added formalized Policies Concept description
[SVN r12056]
2001-12-14 12:54:21 +00:00
591ff70ed1 many fixes
[SVN r12054]
2001-12-13 19:43:35 +00:00
7bf2ad0b22 VC6 patch
[SVN r12045]
2001-12-13 18:24:29 +00:00
409c79b2e4 fix example (thanks to Michael Stevens)
[SVN r11979]
2001-12-08 08:39:27 +00:00
d0410691a1 removed calls to non-standard std::iota (SGI extension)
[SVN r11904]
2001-12-04 08:02:36 +00:00
64e5115138 Fixed spelling error ing gcc-3.0 bug workaround
[SVN r11888]
2001-12-03 21:48:54 +00:00
7ae912d83c Rolled in Helmut's fixes for random_access_iterable; rolled back
workarounds for that problem.


[SVN r11887]
2001-12-03 21:47:58 +00:00
2937f5876c changed std::iota call (SGI extension) to a manual loop
in permutation_iterator test


[SVN r11869]
2001-12-03 08:35:08 +00:00
8619c9b5c3 fix gcc looping (from Dave Abrahams)
[SVN r11839]
2001-11-30 17:55:39 +00:00
e4d5684f6b added test for permutation_iterator
[SVN r11825]
2001-11-30 11:10:07 +00:00
3d69cf95da added documentation for the permutation_iterator_adaptor
and linked to it from the iterator_adaptors documentation.


[SVN r11824]
2001-11-30 10:40:03 +00:00
18944572b7 committing Daryle and Helmut's changes
[SVN r11813]
2001-11-29 21:22:52 +00:00
3e9d0f80c2 add generator iterator adaptor
[SVN r11736]
2001-11-19 22:11:51 +00:00
a2c4d1990a add boost::generator_iterator_policies and convenience classes
[SVN r11725]
2001-11-18 17:56:43 +00:00
404261c6ee add definition for integral constants initialized in-class
[SVN r11723]
2001-11-18 17:32:19 +00:00
87abc59612 #undef BOOST_REF_CONST added
[SVN r11674]
2001-11-14 14:40:29 +00:00
cb98ddf7db Fixed a bug w/ adaptable function objects + nested binds, made ref<> return const
[SVN r11670]
2001-11-13 13:56:05 +00:00
7d2e6c9025 __stdcall support added.
[SVN r11649]
2001-11-10 19:18:58 +00:00
75eaa14a18 Removed defunct boost::tied (thanks, Daryle Walker)
[SVN r11622]
2001-11-07 10:35:12 +00:00
082d6e3b32 *** empty log message ***
[SVN r11614]
2001-11-06 16:09:14 +00:00
35b3770b6f *** empty log message ***
[SVN r11613]
2001-11-06 16:05:25 +00:00
5b9d20c7e2 *** empty log message ***
[SVN r11611]
2001-11-06 15:52:56 +00:00
5bbed2372e *** empty log message ***
[SVN r11602]
2001-11-05 21:03:59 +00:00
a9d407d239 update SunCC to 6.u2 (C++ 5.3)
[SVN r11601]
2001-11-05 21:00:53 +00:00
3ca4a33a65 updated for named parameters
[SVN r11566]
2001-11-04 16:21:51 +00:00
95197f427c remoeved #if 0
[SVN r11565]
2001-11-04 16:18:10 +00:00
84cdfb032c commit these changes
[SVN r11563]
2001-11-04 04:37:14 +00:00
ec2ceb9c96 no message
[SVN r11508]
2001-11-01 17:22:39 +00:00
6286c893fd Minor regression fixes for Borland and Sunpro tests.
[SVN r11470]
2001-10-30 11:41:35 +00:00
354aef0e8c changed named parameters doc to match new stuff
[SVN r11417]
2001-10-22 17:04:23 +00:00
139e33c36d Updated preprocessor logic to use BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
[SVN r11399]
2001-10-18 11:33:52 +00:00
e01de59cdd Made these actually compile
[SVN r11378]
2001-10-12 22:22:42 +00:00
686f822dea Fix spelling error: "occurances" -> "occurrences".
[SVN r11376]
2001-10-11 17:26:04 +00:00
9961d5c9af Last fix had broken preprocessor logic, now fixed.
[SVN r11373]
2001-10-11 12:04:00 +00:00
628be0d125 Fixes for Sunpro C++ 5.3 (code now works!)
[SVN r11368]
2001-10-09 11:24:56 +00:00
633e45f61a Fixed test to work with sunpro 5.3 (omits array specialisation tests)
[SVN r11359]
2001-10-08 11:35:05 +00:00
2f357c3805 Partial fixes for sunpro 5.3 - doesn't actually work yet though
[SVN r11355]
2001-10-08 11:31:29 +00:00
cda0894d0d Fix for sunpro 5.3 (array specialisations don't work)
[SVN r11354]
2001-10-08 11:30:53 +00:00
117720a8bc 1.25.0 Final runup
[SVN r11315]
2001-10-01 15:54:23 +00:00
a6f6c3613a Change comments to make it clear why forward declaration header is required.
[SVN r11314]
2001-10-01 14:15:44 +00:00
7914f5b931 Fixed unused variables that show up as warnings when doing regression
tests.


[SVN r11241]
2001-09-24 23:21:16 +00:00
a1add0a6f6 Intel C++ fixes: Added class copy constructor.
[SVN r11200]
2001-09-22 11:52:56 +00:00
c032b337c4 Fix broken links and other HTML changes related to new config system
[SVN r11142]
2001-09-18 21:24:51 +00:00
ec363261ae remove "explicit" on two- and three-argument constructors to avoid
error on HP aCC


[SVN r11097]
2001-09-11 18:42:25 +00:00
97cde2183d Initial base_from_member commit
[SVN r11086]
2001-09-10 14:04:28 +00:00
7f43c682db Fixed the pair_generator documentation. Order of parameters was wrong; reordered
the table to match the corrected order.


[SVN r11035]
2001-09-05 16:29:29 +00:00
0c9eee3c6b changed note about the move to the tuples library
[SVN r10972]
2001-08-30 19:45:19 +00:00
3b1afa3ba6 changed "empty-member" to "empty base-class"
[SVN r10966]
2001-08-30 10:58:19 +00:00
93e6a75125 changed #include for tie() to tuple.hpp
[SVN r10951]
2001-08-28 19:09:33 +00:00
52f8a7c0ca changed #include for tie()
[SVN r10950]
2001-08-28 19:07:51 +00:00
55bfeb646f removed tie() and class tied
[SVN r10938]
2001-08-26 19:55:49 +00:00
75c9dd3be1 added not about constness of operator* and operator[]
[SVN r10931]
2001-08-24 15:28:20 +00:00
6392e2788f Removed incorrect statics, added const
[SVN r10930]
2001-08-24 12:09:34 +00:00
6a97f3f9ba Tabs converted to spaces.
[SVN r10916]
2001-08-23 19:05:21 +00:00
6e5f52e279 initial commit
[SVN r10914]
2001-08-23 18:42:16 +00:00
7f92bed902 Fix some broken links. Fix order of constructor initializers.
[SVN r10913]
2001-08-23 17:42:07 +00:00
d68a11cc42 Misc; mostly fix links to hard disk locations
[SVN r10902]
2001-08-20 13:04:43 +00:00
328a81e194 Fix broken hyperlink
[SVN r10896]
2001-08-19 15:08:33 +00:00
31d0908b74 Add workaround for BOOST_NO_STDC_NAMESPACE
[SVN r10681]
2001-07-20 21:29:36 +00:00
32c77599f4 Fixes for ICL
[SVN r10613]
2001-07-14 12:51:59 +00:00
812ebf3562 Back out commit made in error
[SVN r10596]
2001-07-12 16:15:30 +00:00
37f476013d Change absolute URL's to relative
[SVN r10594]
2001-07-12 15:31:15 +00:00
9f3104166f output_iterator_helper changes: removed default template parameters, added
support for self-proxying, additional documentation and tests (Aleksey Gurtovoy)


[SVN r10576]
2001-07-09 23:51:49 +00:00
64cc0daf34 Integrate Aleksey's changes
[SVN r10575]
2001-07-09 23:50:55 +00:00
d5d64df124 Fix broken link
[SVN r10553]
2001-07-06 19:19:45 +00:00
0edcfcd5c1 Tuples library causes tie to be deprecated
[SVN r10552]
2001-07-06 19:16:39 +00:00
50ba2d419a Tweeked gcc workaround (gcc 3 still has same problem as gcc 2.9x), added tentative Metrowerks and Intel compiler workarounds.
[SVN r10422]
2001-06-25 11:31:14 +00:00
ff3a77ca5a Fixed problem with VC6 compilers - probably a temporary fix.
[SVN r10361]
2001-06-20 11:43:57 +00:00
4eaed6c23d remove superfluous, illegal "typename" (twice)
[SVN r10314]
2001-06-12 18:50:37 +00:00
4d0dd46471 meant to add as a branch
[SVN r10280]
2001-06-06 19:16:34 +00:00
9c2549bd00 files for the tmpw2001 paper about iterator adaptors
[SVN r10278]
2001-06-06 19:08:51 +00:00
b7c8e0c17f changes from Daryle Walker
[SVN r10264]
2001-06-04 11:57:37 +00:00
dd3cfe1837 removed old arg ordering, use defaults instead
[SVN r10258]
2001-06-03 20:00:24 +00:00
43f525298e Remove compiler workarounds no longer needed due to BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT fix. For stylistic reasons, change sizeof() test to sizeof() != 0
[SVN r10236]
2001-05-28 14:22:30 +00:00
1bb1898ab9 Dave says qualifiers weren't really needed
[SVN r10222]
2001-05-24 19:11:51 +00:00
9578f24be9 Workaround compiler problems while waiting to find out if BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT is broken
[SVN r10218]
2001-05-24 16:02:42 +00:00
46fae3aed2 added check_delete workaround for Sun CC
[SVN r10213]
2001-05-24 09:26:48 +00:00
e35f91a70a Smart pointer and utility changes related to adding checked_delere and checked_array_delete
[SVN r10189]
2001-05-22 18:58:21 +00:00
851052fcca Updated docs - added VC6 bug warning
[SVN r10062]
2001-05-08 11:17:44 +00:00
5ef81b2952 Updated/stricter test program
[SVN r10061]
2001-05-08 11:17:05 +00:00
ef2851c053 Fixes for Sun C++ 5.1
[SVN r10060]
2001-05-08 11:16:35 +00:00
0b4387cff5 reorganised tests to show up VC6 bugs
[SVN r10002]
2001-05-02 10:59:32 +00:00
a40cf11fbf Rewritten compressed_pair regression script to test everything in a more methodical way
[SVN r10000]
2001-05-01 11:17:02 +00:00
5c495cd223 Change all eGroups references to YahooGroups
[SVN r9979]
2001-04-25 00:24:50 +00:00
cf1296dff8 added stuff about Default Constructible needed for the function object
[SVN r9683]
2001-03-29 16:26:42 +00:00
d6d88db6e8 std::bind1st -> boost::bind1st
[SVN r9682]
2001-03-29 16:19:34 +00:00
85c2a35257 std::binder1st -> boost::binder1st
[SVN r9681]
2001-03-29 16:18:41 +00:00
836d8b1c64 added spaces in name
[SVN r9673]
2001-03-29 04:08:38 +00:00
98d8c8ab71 fixed broken link
[SVN r9645]
2001-03-27 10:54:12 +00:00
db45013339 fixed sgi stl link
[SVN r9631]
2001-03-22 16:06:15 +00:00
a55c37e7f6 fixed sgi stl links
[SVN r9630]
2001-03-22 16:05:48 +00:00
46a270fcca fixed link to sgi stl
[SVN r9629]
2001-03-22 16:02:11 +00:00
967856518e updated link to sgi stl
[SVN r9628]
2001-03-22 16:01:18 +00:00
7f93e739fe added documentation for initialize() policy function
[SVN r9592]
2001-03-19 21:46:14 +00:00
2cd1422514 added comment about abstract base classes as value_type
[SVN r9584]
2001-03-19 17:31:27 +00:00
49 changed files with 155 additions and 9740 deletions

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<Head>
<Title>Assignable</Title>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffff" LINK="#0000ee" TEXT="#000000" VLINK="#551a8b"
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<BR Clear>
<H1>Assignable</H1>
<h3>Description</h3>
A type is Assignable if it is possible to assign one object of the type
to another object of that type.
<h3>Notation</h3>
<Table>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
is type that is a model of Assignable
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>t</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
is an object of type <tt>T</tt>
</TD>
</tr>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>u</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
is an object of type <tt>T</tt> or possibly <tt>const T</tt>
</TD>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Definitions</h3>
<h3>Valid expressions</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>
Name
</TH>
<TH>
Expression
</TH>
<TH>
Return type
</TH>
<TH>
Semantics
</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Assignment
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>t = u</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T&amp;</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>t</tt> is equivalent to <tt>u</tt>
</TD>
</TR>
</table>
</table>
<h3>Models</h3>
<UL>
<LI><tt>int</tt>
<LI><tt>std::pair</tt>
</UL>
<h3>See also</h3>
<a href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/DefaultConstructible.html">DefaultConstructible</A>
and
<A href="./CopyConstructible.html">CopyConstructible</A>
<br>
<HR>
<TABLE>
<TR valign=top>
<TD nowrap>Copyright &copy 2000</TD><TD>
<A HREF=http://www.lsc.nd.edu/~jsiek>Jeremy Siek</A>, Univ.of Notre Dame (<A HREF="mailto:jsiek@lsc.nd.edu">jsiek@lsc.nd.edu</A>)
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-- in supporting documentation. Silicon Graphics makes no
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-- purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
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<Head>
<Title>CopyConstructible</Title>
</HEAD>
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<BR Clear>
<H1>CopyConstructible</H1>
<h3>Description</h3>
A type is CopyConstructible if it is possible to copy objects of that
type.
<h3>Notation</h3>
<Table>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
is type that is a model of CopyConstructible
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>t</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
is an object of type <tt>T</tt>
</TD>
</tr>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>u</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
is an object of type <tt>const T</tt>
</TD>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Definitions</h3>
<h3>Valid expressions</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>
Name
</TH>
<TH>
Expression
</TH>
<TH>
Return type
</TH>
<TH>
Semantics
</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Copy constructor
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T(t)</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>t</tt> is equivalent to <tt>T(t)</tt>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Copy constructor
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<pre>
T(u)
</pre>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>u</tt> is equivalent to <tt>T(u)</tt>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Destructor
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<pre>
t.~T()
</pre>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
&nbsp;
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Address Operator
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<pre>
&amp;t
</pre>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T*</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
denotes the address of <tt>t</tt>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Address Operator
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<pre>
&amp;u
</pre>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>T*</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
denotes the address of <tt>u</tt>
</TD>
</TR>
</table>
</table>
<h3>Models</h3>
<UL>
<LI><tt>int</tt>
<LI><tt>std::pair</tt>
</UL>
<h3>Concept Checking Class</h3>
<pre>
template &lt;class T&gt;
struct CopyConstructibleConcept
{
void constraints() {
T a(b); // require copy constructor
T* ptr = &amp;a; // require address of operator
const_constraints(a);
ignore_unused_variable_warning(ptr);
}
void const_constraints(const T&amp; a) {
T c(a); // require const copy constructor
const T* ptr = &amp;a; // require const address of operator
ignore_unused_variable_warning(c);
ignore_unused_variable_warning(ptr);
}
T b;
};
</pre>
<h3>See also</h3>
<A
href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/DefaultConstructible.html">DefaultConstructible</A>
and
<A href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/Assignable.html">Assignable</A>
<br>
<HR>
<TABLE>
<TR valign=top>
<TD nowrap>Copyright &copy 2000</TD><TD>
<A HREF=http://www.lsc.nd.edu/~jsiek>Jeremy Siek</A>, Univ.of Notre Dame (<A HREF="mailto:jsiek@lsc.nd.edu">jsiek@lsc.nd.edu</A>)
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-- in supporting documentation. Silicon Graphics makes no
-- representations about the suitability of this software for any
-- purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
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-- Copyright (c) 1996-1999
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<Head>
<Title>LessThanComparable</Title>
</Head>
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ALINK="#ff0000">
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<BR Clear>
<H1>LessThanComparable</H1>
<h3>Description</h3>
A type is LessThanComparable if it is ordered: it must
be possible to compare two objects of that type using <tt>operator&lt;</tt>, and
<tt>operator&lt;</tt> must be a strict weak ordering relation.
<h3>Refinement of</h3>
<h3>Associated types</h3>
<h3>Notation</h3>
<Table>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>X</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
A type that is a model of LessThanComparable
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>x</tt>, <tt>y</tt>, <tt>z</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
Object of type <tt>X</tt>
</TD>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Definitions</h3>
Consider the relation <tt>!(x &lt; y) &amp;&amp; !(y &lt; x)</tt>. If this relation is
transitive (that is, if <tt>!(x &lt; y) &amp;&amp; !(y &lt; x) &amp;&amp; !(y &lt; z) &amp;&amp; !(z &lt; y)</tt>
implies <tt>!(x &lt; z) &amp;&amp; !(z &lt; x)</tt>), then it satisfies the mathematical
definition of an equivalence relation. In this case, <tt>operator&lt;</tt>
is a <i>strict weak ordering</i>.
<P>
If <tt>operator&lt;</tt> is a strict weak ordering, and if each equivalence class
has only a single element, then <tt>operator&lt;</tt> is a <i>total ordering</i>.
<h3>Valid expressions</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>
Name
</TH>
<TH>
Expression
</TH>
<TH>
Type requirements
</TH>
<TH>
Return type
</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Less
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>x &lt; y</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
&nbsp;
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
Convertible to <tt>bool</tt>
</TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Expression semantics</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>
Name
</TH>
<TH>
Expression
</TH>
<TH>
Precondition
</TH>
<TH>
Semantics
</TH>
<TH>
Postcondition
</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Less
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>x &lt; y</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>x</tt> and <tt>y</tt> are in the domain of <tt>&lt;</tt>
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
&nbsp;
</TD>
</table>
<h3>Complexity guarantees</h3>
<h3>Invariants</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Irreflexivity
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>x &lt; x</tt> must be false.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Antisymmetry
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>x &lt; y</tt> implies !(y &lt; x) <A href="#2">[2]</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign=top>
Transitivity
</TD>
<TD VAlign=top>
<tt>x &lt; y</tt> and <tt>y &lt; z</tt> implies <tt>x &lt; z</tt> <A href="#3">[3]</A>
</TD>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Models</h3>
<UL>
<LI>
int
</UL>
<h3>Notes</h3>
<P><A name="1">[1]</A>
Only <tt>operator&lt;</tt> is fundamental; the other inequality operators
are essentially syntactic sugar.
<P><A name="2">[2]</A>
Antisymmetry is a theorem, not an axiom: it follows from
irreflexivity and transitivity.
<P><A name="3">[3]</A>
Because of irreflexivity and transitivity, <tt>operator&lt;</tt> always
satisfies the definition of a <i>partial ordering</i>. The definition of
a <i>strict weak ordering</i> is stricter, and the definition of a
<i>total ordering</i> is stricter still.
<h3>See also</h3>
<A href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/EqualityComparable.html">EqualityComparable</A>, <A href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/StrictWeakOrdering.html">StrictWeakOrdering</A>
<br>
<HR>
<TABLE>
<TR valign=top>
<TD nowrap>Copyright &copy 2000</TD><TD>
<A HREF=http://www.lsc.nd.edu/~jsiek>Jeremy Siek</A>, Univ.of Notre Dame (<A HREF="mailto:jsiek@lsc.nd.edu">jsiek@lsc.nd.edu</A>)
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-- in supporting documentation. Silicon Graphics makes no
-- representations about the suitability of this software for any
-- purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
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<Head>
<Title>MultiPassInputIterator</Title>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffff" LINK="#0000ee" TEXT="#000000" VLINK="#551a8b"
ALINK="#ff0000">
<IMG SRC="../../c++boost.gif"
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<BR Clear>
<H2>
<A NAME="concept:MultiPassInputIterator"></A>
MultiPassInputIterator
</H2>
This concept is a refinement of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/InputIterator.html">InputIterator</a>,
adding the requirements that the iterator can be used to make multiple
passes through a range, and that if <TT>it1 == it2</TT> and
<TT>it1</TT> is dereferenceable then <TT>++it1 == ++it2</TT>. The
MultiPassInputIterator is very similar to the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/ForwardIterator.hmtl">ForwardIterator</a>. The
only difference is that a <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/ForwardIterator.hmtl">ForwardIterator</a>
requires the <TT>reference</TT> type to be <TT>value_type&amp;</TT>, whereas
MultiPassInputIterator is like <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/InputIterator.html">InputIterator</a>
in that the <TT>reference</TT> type merely has to be convertible to
<TT>value_type</TT>.
<h3>Design Notes</h3>
comments by Valentin Bonnard:
<p> I think that introducing MultiPassInputIterator isn't the right
solution. Do you also want to define MultiPassBidirectionnalIterator
and MultiPassRandomAccessIterator ? I don't, definitly. It only
confuses the issue. The problem lies into the existing hierarchy of
iterators, which mixes movabillity, modifiabillity and lvalue-ness,
and these are clearly independant.
<p> The terms Forward, Bidirectionnal and RandomAccess are about
movabillity and shouldn't be used to mean anything else. In a
completly orthogonal way, iterators can be immutable, mutable, or
neither. Lvalueness of iterators is also orthogonal with
immutabillity. With these clean concepts, your MultiPassInputIterator
is just called a ForwardIterator.
<p>
Other translations are:<br>
std::ForwardIterator -> ForwardIterator & LvalueIterator<br>
std::BidirectionnalIterator -> BidirectionnalIterator & LvalueIterator<br>
std::RandomAccessIterator -> RandomAccessIterator & LvalueIterator<br>
<p>
Note that in practice the only operation not allowed on my
ForwardIterator which is allowed on std::ForwardIterator is
<tt>&*it</tt>. I think that <tt>&*</tt> is rarely needed in generic code.
<p>
reply by Jeremy Siek:
<p>
The above analysis by Valentin is right on. Of course, there is
the problem with backward compatibility. The current STL implementations
are based on the old definition of ForwardIterator. The right course
of action is to get ForwardIterator, etc. changed in the C++ standard.
Once that is done we can drop MultiPassInputIterator.
<br>
<HR>
<TABLE>
<TR valign=top>
<TD nowrap>Copyright &copy 2000</TD><TD>
<A HREF=http://www.boost.org/people/jeremy_siek.htm>Jeremy Siek</A>, Univ.of Notre Dame (<A HREF="mailto:jsiek@lsc.nd.edu">jsiek@lsc.nd.edu</A>)
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<title>Call Traits</title>
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<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF"
vlink="#800080">
<h1><img src="../../c++boost.gif" width="276" height="86">Header
&lt;<a href="../../boost/detail/call_traits.hpp">boost/call_traits.hpp</a>&gt;</h1>
<p>All of the contents of &lt;boost/call_traits.hpp&gt; are
defined inside namespace boost.</p>
<p>The template class call_traits&lt;T&gt; encapsulates the
&quot;best&quot; method to pass a parameter of some type T to or
from a function, and consists of a collection of typedefs defined
as in the table below. The purpose of call_traits is to ensure
that problems like &quot;<a href="#refs">references to references</a>&quot;
never occur, and that parameters are passed in the most efficient
manner possible (see <a href="#examples">examples</a>). In each
case if your existing practice is to use the type defined on the
left, then replace it with the call_traits defined type on the
right. </p>
<p>Note that for compilers that do not support either partial
specialization or member templates, no benefit will occur from
using call_traits: the call_traits defined types will always be
the same as the existing practice in this case. In addition if
only member templates and not partial template specialisation is
support by the compiler (for example Visual C++ 6) then
call_traits can not be used with array types (although it can be
used to solve the reference to reference problem).</p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="1" width="797">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#008080"><p
align="center">Existing practice</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="35%" bgcolor="#008080"><p
align="center">call_traits equivalent</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="32%" bgcolor="#008080"><p
align="center">Description</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="16%" bgcolor="#008080"><p
align="center">Notes</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">T<br>
(return by value)</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="35%"><p align="center"><code>call_traits&lt;T&gt;::value_type</code></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="32%">Defines a type that
represents the &quot;value&quot; of type T. Use this for
functions that return by value, or possibly for stored
values of type T.</td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><p align="center">2</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">T&amp;<br>
(return value)</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="35%"><p align="center"><code>call_traits&lt;T&gt;::reference</code></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="32%">Defines a type that
represents a reference to type T. Use for functions that
would normally return a T&amp;.</td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><p align="center">1</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
T&amp;<br>
(return value)</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="35%"><p align="center"><code>call_traits&lt;T&gt;::const_reference</code></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="32%">Defines a type that
represents a constant reference to type T. Use for
functions that would normally return a const T&amp;.</td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><p align="center">1</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
T&amp;<br>
(function parameter)</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="35%"><p align="center"><code>call_traits&lt;T&gt;::param_type</code></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="32%">Defines a type that
represents the &quot;best&quot; way to pass a parameter
of type T to a function.</td>
<td valign="top" width="16%"><p align="center">1,3</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>Notes:</p>
<ol>
<li>If T is already reference type, then call_traits is
defined such that <a href="#refs">references to
references</a> do not occur (requires partial
specialization).</li>
<li>If T is an array type, then call_traits defines <code>value_type</code>
as a &quot;constant pointer to type&quot; rather than an
&quot;array of type&quot; (requires partial
specialization). Note that if you are using value_type as
a stored value then this will result in storing a &quot;constant
pointer to an array&quot; rather than the array itself.
This may or may not be a good thing depending upon what
you actually need (in other words take care!).</li>
<li>If T is a small built in type or a pointer, then <code>param_type</code>
is defined as <code>T const</code>, instead of <code>T
const&amp;</code>. This can improve the ability of the
compiler to optimize loops in the body of the function if
they depend upon the passed parameter, the semantics of
the passed parameter is otherwise unchanged (requires
partial specialization).</li>
</ol>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3>Copy constructibility</h3>
<p>The following table defines which call_traits types can always
be copy-constructed from which other types, those entries marked
with a '?' are true only if and only if T is copy constructible:</p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="1" width="766">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%">&nbsp;</td>
<td valign="top" colspan="5" width="85%"
bgcolor="#008080"><p align="center">To:</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#008080">From:</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">T</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">value_type</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">reference</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">const_reference</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">param_type</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">T</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">value_type</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">N</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">N</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">reference</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">const_reference</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">N</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">N</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">param_type</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">?</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">N</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">N</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>If T is an assignable type the following assignments are
possible:</p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="1" width="766">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%">&nbsp;</td>
<td valign="top" colspan="5" width="85%"
bgcolor="#008080"><p align="center">To:</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#008080">From:</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">T</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">value_type</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">reference</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">const_reference</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">param_type</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">T</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">value_type</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">reference</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">const_reference</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0">param_type</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">Y</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">-</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h3><a name="examples"></a>Examples</h3>
<p>The following table shows the effect that call_traits has on
various types, the table assumes that the compiler supports
partial specialization: if it doesn't then all types behave in
the same way as the entry for &quot;myclass&quot;, and
call_traits can not be used with reference or array types.</p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="7" cellspacing="1" width="766">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%">&nbsp;</td>
<td valign="top" colspan="5" width="85%"
bgcolor="#008080"><p align="center">Call_traits type:</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#008080"><p
align="center">Original type T</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">value_type</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">reference</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">const_reference</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">param_type</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">Applies to:</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">myclass</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">myclass</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">myclass&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
myclass&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">myclass
const&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">All user
defined types.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">int</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int const</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">All small
built-in types.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">int*</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int*</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int*&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int*const&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int* const</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">All
pointer types.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">All
reference types.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">const int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const
int&amp;</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">All
constant-references.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">int[3]</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const int*</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">int(&amp;)[3]</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const int(&amp;)[3]</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const int*
const</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">All array
types.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="17%" bgcolor="#C0C0C0"><p
align="center">const int[3]</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const int*</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const int(&amp;)[3]</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const int(&amp;)[3]</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">const int*
const</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="17%"><p align="center">All
constant-array types.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h4>Example 1:</h4>
<p>The following class is a trivial class that stores some type T
by value (see the <a href="call_traits_test.cpp">call_traits_test.cpp</a>
file), the aim is to illustrate how each of the available
call_traits typedefs may be used:</p>
<pre>template &lt;class T&gt;
struct contained
{
// define our typedefs first, arrays are stored by value
// so value_type is not the same as result_type:
typedef typename boost::call_traits&lt;T&gt;::param_type param_type;
typedef typename boost::call_traits&lt;T&gt;::reference reference;
typedef typename boost::call_traits&lt;T&gt;::const_reference const_reference;
typedef T value_type;
typedef typename boost::call_traits&lt;T&gt;::value_type result_type;
// stored value:
value_type v_;
// constructors:
contained() {}
contained(param_type p) : v_(p){}
// return byval:
result_type value() { return v_; }
// return by_ref:
reference get() { return v_; }
const_reference const_get()const { return v_; }
// pass value:
void call(param_type p){}
};</pre>
<h4><a name="refs"></a>Example 2 (the reference to reference
problem):</h4>
<p>Consider the definition of std::binder1st:</p>
<pre>template &lt;class Operation&gt;
class binder1st :
public unary_function&lt;typename Operation::second_argument_type, typename Operation::result_type&gt;
{
protected:
Operation op;
typename Operation::first_argument_type value;
public:
binder1st(const Operation&amp; x, const typename Operation::first_argument_type&amp; y);
typename Operation::result_type operator()(const typename Operation::second_argument_type&amp; x) const;
}; </pre>
<p>Now consider what happens in the relatively common case that
the functor takes its second argument as a reference, that
implies that <code>Operation::second_argument_type</code> is a
reference type, <code>operator()</code> will now end up taking a
reference to a reference as an argument, and that is not
currently legal. The solution here is to modify <code>operator()</code>
to use call_traits:</p>
<pre>typename Operation::result_type operator()(typename call_traits&lt;typename Operation::second_argument_type&gt;::param_type x) const;</pre>
<p>Now in the case that <code>Operation::second_argument_type</code>
is a reference type, the argument is passed as a reference, and
the no &quot;reference to reference&quot; occurs.</p>
<h4><a name="ex3"></a>Example 3 (the make_pair problem):</h4>
<p>If we pass the name of an array as one (or both) arguments to <code>std::make_pair</code>,
then template argument deduction deduces the passed parameter as
&quot;const reference to array of T&quot;, this also applies to
string literals (which are really array literals). Consequently
instead of returning a pair of pointers, it tries to return a
pair of arrays, and since an array type is not copy-constructible
the code fails to compile. One solution is to explicitly cast the
arguments to make_pair to pointers, but call_traits provides a
better (i.e. automatic) solution (and one that works safely even
in generic code where the cast might do the wrong thing):</p>
<pre>template &lt;class T1, class T2&gt;
std::pair&lt;
typename boost::call_traits&lt;T1&gt;::value_type,
typename boost::call_traits&lt;T2&gt;::value_type&gt;
make_pair(const T1&amp; t1, const T2&amp; t2)
{
return std::pair&lt;
typename boost::call_traits&lt;T1&gt;::value_type,
typename boost::call_traits&lt;T2&gt;::value_type&gt;(t1, t2);
}</pre>
<p>Here, the deduced argument types will be automatically
degraded to pointers if the deduced types are arrays, similar
situations occur in the standard binders and adapters: in
principle in any function that &quot;wraps&quot; a temporary
whose type is deduced. Note that the function arguments to
make_pair are not expressed in terms of call_traits: doing so
would prevent template argument deduction from functioning.</p>
<h4><a name="ex4"></a>Example 4 (optimising fill):</h4>
<p>The call_traits template will &quot;optimize&quot; the passing
of a small built-in type as a function parameter, this mainly has
an effect when the parameter is used within a loop body. In the
following example (see <a href="algo_opt_examples.cpp">algo_opt_examples.cpp</a>),
a version of std::fill is optimized in two ways: if the type
passed is a single byte built-in type then std::memset is used to
effect the fill, otherwise a conventional C++ implemention is
used, but with the passed parameter &quot;optimized&quot; using
call_traits:</p>
<pre>namespace detail{
template &lt;bool opt&gt;
struct filler
{
template &lt;typename I, typename T&gt;
static void do_fill(I first, I last, typename boost::call_traits&lt;T&gt;::param_type val);
{
while(first != last)
{
*first = val;
++first;
}
}
};
template &lt;&gt;
struct filler&lt;true&gt;
{
template &lt;typename I, typename T&gt;
static void do_fill(I first, I last, T val)
{
memset(first, val, last-first);
}
};
}
template &lt;class I, class T&gt;
inline void fill(I first, I last, const T&amp; val)
{
enum{ can_opt = boost::is_pointer&lt;I&gt;::value
&amp;&amp; boost::is_arithmetic&lt;T&gt;::value
&amp;&amp; (sizeof(T) == 1) };
typedef detail::filler&lt;can_opt&gt; filler_t;
filler_t::template do_fill&lt;I,T&gt;(first, last, val);
}</pre>
<p>Footnote: the reason that this is &quot;optimal&quot; for
small built-in types is that with the value passed as &quot;T
const&quot; instead of &quot;const T&amp;&quot; the compiler is
able to tell both that the value is constant and that it is free
of aliases. With this information the compiler is able to cache
the passed value in a register, unroll the loop, or use
explicitly parallel instructions: if any of these are supported.
Exactly how much mileage you will get from this depends upon your
compiler - we could really use some accurate benchmarking
software as part of boost for cases like this.</p>
<p>Note that the function arguments to fill are not expressed in
terms of call_traits: doing so would prevent template argument
deduction from functioning. Instead fill acts as a &quot;thin
wrapper&quot; that is there to perform template argument
deduction, the compiler will optimise away the call to fill all
together, replacing it with the call to filler&lt;&gt;::do_fill,
which does use call_traits.</p>
<h3>Rationale</h3>
<p>The following notes are intended to briefly describe the
rational behind choices made in call_traits.</p>
<p>All user-defined types follow &quot;existing practice&quot;
and need no comment.</p>
<p>Small built-in types (what the standard calls fundamental
types [3.9.1]) differ from existing practice only in the <i>param_type</i>
typedef. In this case passing &quot;T const&quot; is compatible
with existing practice, but may improve performance in some cases
(see <a href="#ex4">Example 4</a>), in any case this should never
be any worse than existing practice.</p>
<p>Pointers follow the same rational as small built-in types.</p>
<p>For reference types the rational follows <a href="#refs">Example
2</a> - references to references are not allowed, so the
call_traits members must be defined such that these problems do
not occur. There is a proposal to modify the language such that
&quot;a reference to a reference is a reference&quot; (issue #106,
submitted by Bjarne Stroustrup), call_traits&lt;T&gt;::value_type
and call_traits&lt;T&gt;::param_type both provide the same effect
as that proposal, without the need for a language change (in
other words it's a workaround).</p>
<p>For array types, a function that takes an array as an argument
will degrade the array type to a pointer type: this means that
the type of the actual parameter is different from its declared
type, something that can cause endless problems in template code
that relies on the declared type of a parameter. For example:</p>
<pre>template &lt;class T&gt;
struct A
{
void foo(T t);
};</pre>
<p><font face="Times New Roman">In this case if we instantiate
A&lt;int[2]&gt; then the declared type of the parameter passed to
member function foo is int[2], but it's actual type is const int*,
if we try to use the type T within the function body, then there
is a strong likelyhood that our code will not compile:</font></p>
<pre>template &lt;class T&gt;
void A&lt;T&gt;::foo(T t)
{
T dup(t); // doesn't compile for case that T is an array.
}</pre>
<p>By using call_traits the degradation from array to pointer is
explicit, and the type of the parameter is the same as it's
declared type:</p>
<pre>template &lt;class T&gt;
struct A
{
void foo(typename call_traits&lt;T&gt;::value_type t);
};
template &lt;class T&gt;
void A&lt;T&gt;::foo(typename call_traits&lt;T&gt;::value_type t)
{
typename call_traits&lt;T&gt;::value_type dup(t); // OK even if T is an array type.
}</pre>
<p>For value_type (return by value), again only a pointer may be
returned, not a copy of the whole array, and again call_traits
makes the degradation explicit. The value_type member is useful
whenever an array must be explicitly degraded to a pointer - <a
href="#ex3">Example 3</a> provides the test case (Footnote: the
array specialisation for call_traits is the least well understood
of all the call_traits specialisations, if the given semantics
cause specific problems for you, or don't solve a particular
array-related problem, then I would be interested to hear about
it. Most people though will probably never need to use this
specialisation).</p>
<hr>
<p>Revised 01 September 2000</p>
<p><EFBFBD> Copyright boost.org 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
sell and distribute this document is granted provided this
copyright notice appears in all copies. This document is provided
&quot;as is&quot; without express or implied warranty, and with
no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.</p>
<p>Based on contributions by Steve Cleary, Beman Dawes, Howard
Hinnant and John Maddock.</p>
<p>Maintained by <a href="mailto:John_Maddock@compuserve.com">John
Maddock</a>, the latest version of this file can be found at <a
href="http://www.boost.org/">www.boost.org</a>, and the boost
discussion list at <a href="http://www.egroups.com/list/boost">www.egroups.com/list/boost</a>.</p>
<p>.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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@ -1,377 +0,0 @@
// boost::compressed_pair test program
// (C) Copyright John Maddock 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// standalone test program for <boost/call_traits.hpp>
// 03 Oct 2000:
// Enabled extra tests for VC6.
#include <cassert>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <algorithm>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <boost/call_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/type_traits_test.hpp>
//
// struct contained models a type that contains a type (for example std::pair)
// arrays are contained by value, and have to be treated as a special case:
//
template <class T>
struct contained
{
// define our typedefs first, arrays are stored by value
// so value_type is not the same as result_type:
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T>::param_type param_type;
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T>::reference reference;
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T>::const_reference const_reference;
typedef T value_type;
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T>::value_type result_type;
// stored value:
value_type v_;
// constructors:
contained() {}
contained(param_type p) : v_(p){}
// return byval:
result_type value()const { return v_; }
// return by_ref:
reference get() { return v_; }
const_reference const_get()const { return v_; }
// pass value:
void call(param_type p){}
};
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
template <class T, std::size_t N>
struct contained<T[N]>
{
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T[N]>::param_type param_type;
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T[N]>::reference reference;
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T[N]>::const_reference const_reference;
typedef T value_type[N];
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T[N]>::value_type result_type;
value_type v_;
contained(param_type p)
{
std::copy(p, p+N, v_);
}
// return byval:
result_type value()const { return v_; }
// return by_ref:
reference get() { return v_; }
const_reference const_get()const { return v_; }
void call(param_type p){}
};
#endif
template <class T>
contained<typename boost::call_traits<T>::value_type> wrap(const T& t)
{
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T>::value_type ct;
return contained<ct>(t);
}
namespace test{
template <class T1, class T2>
std::pair<
typename boost::call_traits<T1>::value_type,
typename boost::call_traits<T2>::value_type>
make_pair(const T1& t1, const T2& t2)
{
return std::pair<
typename boost::call_traits<T1>::value_type,
typename boost::call_traits<T2>::value_type>(t1, t2);
}
} // namespace test
using namespace std;
//
// struct call_traits_checker:
// verifies behaviour of contained example:
//
template <class T>
struct call_traits_checker
{
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T>::param_type param_type;
void operator()(param_type);
};
template <class T>
void call_traits_checker<T>::operator()(param_type p)
{
T t(p);
contained<T> c(t);
cout << "checking contained<" << typeid(T).name() << ">..." << endl;
assert(t == c.value());
assert(t == c.get());
assert(t == c.const_get());
#ifndef __ICL
//cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T).name() << ">::v_ is: " << typeid(&contained<T>::v_).name() << endl;
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T).name() << ">::value() is: " << typeid(&contained<T>::value).name() << endl;
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T).name() << ">::get() is: " << typeid(&contained<T>::get).name() << endl;
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T).name() << ">::const_get() is: " << typeid(&contained<T>::const_get).name() << endl;
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T).name() << ">::call() is: " << typeid(&contained<T>::call).name() << endl;
cout << endl;
#endif
}
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
template <class T, std::size_t N>
struct call_traits_checker<T[N]>
{
typedef typename boost::call_traits<T[N]>::param_type param_type;
void operator()(param_type t)
{
contained<T[N]> c(t);
cout << "checking contained<" << typeid(T[N]).name() << ">..." << endl;
unsigned int i = 0;
for(i = 0; i < N; ++i)
assert(t[i] == c.value()[i]);
for(i = 0; i < N; ++i)
assert(t[i] == c.get()[i]);
for(i = 0; i < N; ++i)
assert(t[i] == c.const_get()[i]);
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T[N]).name() << ">::v_ is: " << typeid(&contained<T[N]>::v_).name() << endl;
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T[N]).name() << ">::value is: " << typeid(&contained<T[N]>::value).name() << endl;
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T[N]).name() << ">::get is: " << typeid(&contained<T[N]>::get).name() << endl;
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T[N]).name() << ">::const_get is: " << typeid(&contained<T[N]>::const_get).name() << endl;
cout << "typeof contained<" << typeid(T[N]).name() << ">::call is: " << typeid(&contained<T[N]>::call).name() << endl;
cout << endl;
}
};
#endif
//
// check_wrap:
template <class T, class U>
void check_wrap(const contained<T>& w, const U& u)
{
cout << "checking contained<" << typeid(T).name() << ">..." << endl;
assert(w.value() == u);
}
//
// check_make_pair:
// verifies behaviour of "make_pair":
//
template <class T, class U, class V>
void check_make_pair(T c, U u, V v)
{
cout << "checking std::pair<" << typeid(c.first).name() << ", " << typeid(c.second).name() << ">..." << endl;
assert(c.first == u);
assert(c.second == v);
cout << endl;
}
struct comparible_UDT
{
int i_;
comparible_UDT() : i_(2){}
bool operator == (const comparible_UDT& v){ return v.i_ == i_; }
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[ ])
{
call_traits_checker<comparible_UDT> c1;
comparible_UDT u;
c1(u);
call_traits_checker<int> c2;
int i = 2;
c2(i);
int* pi = &i;
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES) || !defined(BOOST_NO_MEMBER_TEMPLATES)
call_traits_checker<int*> c3;
c3(pi);
call_traits_checker<int&> c4;
c4(i);
call_traits_checker<const int&> c5;
c5(i);
#if !defined (BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION)
int a[2] = {1,2};
call_traits_checker<int[2]> c6;
c6(a);
#endif
#endif
check_wrap(wrap(2), 2);
const char ca[4] = "abc";
// compiler can't deduce this for some reason:
//check_wrap(wrap(ca), ca);
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
check_wrap(wrap(a), a);
check_make_pair(test::make_pair(a, a), a, a);
#endif
// cv-qualifiers applied to reference types should have no effect
// declare these here for later use with is_reference and remove_reference:
typedef int& r_type;
typedef const r_type cr_type;
type_test(comparible_UDT, boost::call_traits<comparible_UDT>::value_type)
type_test(comparible_UDT&, boost::call_traits<comparible_UDT>::reference)
type_test(const comparible_UDT&, boost::call_traits<comparible_UDT>::const_reference)
type_test(const comparible_UDT&, boost::call_traits<comparible_UDT>::param_type)
type_test(int, boost::call_traits<int>::value_type)
type_test(int&, boost::call_traits<int>::reference)
type_test(const int&, boost::call_traits<int>::const_reference)
type_test(const int, boost::call_traits<int>::param_type)
type_test(int*, boost::call_traits<int*>::value_type)
type_test(int*&, boost::call_traits<int*>::reference)
type_test(int*const&, boost::call_traits<int*>::const_reference)
type_test(int*const, boost::call_traits<int*>::param_type)
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES) || !defined(BOOST_NO_MEMBER_TEMPLATES)
type_test(int&, boost::call_traits<int&>::value_type)
type_test(int&, boost::call_traits<int&>::reference)
type_test(const int&, boost::call_traits<int&>::const_reference)
type_test(int&, boost::call_traits<int&>::param_type)
#if !(defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ < 3))
type_test(int&, boost::call_traits<cr_type>::value_type)
type_test(int&, boost::call_traits<cr_type>::reference)
type_test(const int&, boost::call_traits<cr_type>::const_reference)
type_test(int&, boost::call_traits<cr_type>::param_type)
#else
std::cout << "Your compiler cannot instantiate call_traits<int&const>, skipping four tests (4 errors)" << std::endl;
failures += 4;
test_count += 4;
#endif
type_test(const int&, boost::call_traits<const int&>::value_type)
type_test(const int&, boost::call_traits<const int&>::reference)
type_test(const int&, boost::call_traits<const int&>::const_reference)
type_test(const int&, boost::call_traits<const int&>::param_type)
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
type_test(const int*, boost::call_traits<int[3]>::value_type)
type_test(int(&)[3], boost::call_traits<int[3]>::reference)
type_test(const int(&)[3], boost::call_traits<int[3]>::const_reference)
type_test(const int*const, boost::call_traits<int[3]>::param_type)
type_test(const int*, boost::call_traits<const int[3]>::value_type)
type_test(const int(&)[3], boost::call_traits<const int[3]>::reference)
type_test(const int(&)[3], boost::call_traits<const int[3]>::const_reference)
type_test(const int*const, boost::call_traits<const int[3]>::param_type)
#else
std::cout << "You're compiler does not support partial template instantiation, skipping 8 tests (8 errors)" << std::endl;
failures += 8;
test_count += 8;
#endif
#else
std::cout << "You're compiler does not support partial template instantiation, skipping 20 tests (20 errors)" << std::endl;
failures += 20;
test_count += 20;
#endif
return check_result(argc, argv);
}
//
// define call_traits tests to check that the assertions in the docs do actually work
// this is an instantiate only set of tests:
//
template <typename T, bool isarray = false>
struct call_traits_test
{
typedef ::boost::call_traits<T> ct;
typedef typename ct::param_type param_type;
typedef typename ct::reference reference;
typedef typename ct::const_reference const_reference;
typedef typename ct::value_type value_type;
static void assert_construct(param_type val);
};
template <typename T, bool isarray>
void call_traits_test<T, isarray>::assert_construct(typename call_traits_test<T, isarray>::param_type val)
{
//
// this is to check that the call_traits assertions are valid:
T t(val);
value_type v(t);
reference r(t);
const_reference cr(t);
param_type p(t);
value_type v2(v);
value_type v3(r);
value_type v4(p);
reference r2(v);
reference r3(r);
const_reference cr2(v);
const_reference cr3(r);
const_reference cr4(cr);
const_reference cr5(p);
param_type p2(v);
param_type p3(r);
param_type p4(p);
}
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
template <typename T>
struct call_traits_test<T, true>
{
typedef ::boost::call_traits<T> ct;
typedef typename ct::param_type param_type;
typedef typename ct::reference reference;
typedef typename ct::const_reference const_reference;
typedef typename ct::value_type value_type;
static void assert_construct(param_type val);
};
template <typename T>
void call_traits_test<T, true>::assert_construct(typename boost::call_traits<T>::param_type val)
{
//
// this is to check that the call_traits assertions are valid:
T t;
value_type v(t);
value_type v5(val);
reference r = t;
const_reference cr = t;
reference r2 = r;
#ifndef __BORLANDC__
// C++ Builder buglet:
const_reference cr2 = r;
#endif
param_type p(t);
value_type v2(v);
const_reference cr3 = cr;
value_type v3(r);
value_type v4(p);
param_type p2(v);
param_type p3(r);
param_type p4(p);
}
#endif //BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
//
// now check call_traits assertions by instantiating call_traits_test:
template struct call_traits_test<int>;
template struct call_traits_test<const int>;
template struct call_traits_test<int*>;
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES) || !defined(BOOST_NO_MEMBER_TEMPLATES)
template struct call_traits_test<int&>;
template struct call_traits_test<const int&>;
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
template struct call_traits_test<int[2], true>;
#endif
#endif
#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
unsigned int expected_failures = 10;
#elif defined(__BORLANDC__)
unsigned int expected_failures = 2;
#elif defined(__GNUC__)
unsigned int expected_failures = 4;
#else
unsigned int expected_failures = 0;
#endif

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<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<meta name="Template"
content="C:\PROGRAM FILES\MICROSOFT OFFICE\OFFICE\html.dot">
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage Express 2.0">
<title>Header <boost/compressed_pair.hpp></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF"
vlink="#800080">
<h2><img src="../../c++boost.gif" width="276" height="86">Header
&lt;<a href="../../boost/detail/call_traits.hpp">boost/compressed_pair.hpp</a>&gt;</h2>
<p>All of the contents of &lt;boost/compressed_pair.hpp&gt; are
defined inside namespace boost.</p>
<p>The class compressed pair is very similar to std::pair, but if
either of the template arguments are empty classes, then the
&quot;empty member optimisation&quot; is applied to compress the
size of the pair.</p>
<pre>template &lt;class T1, class T2&gt;
class compressed_pair
{
public:
typedef T1 first_type;
typedef T2 second_type;
typedef typename call_traits&lt;first_type&gt;::param_type first_param_type;
typedef typename call_traits&lt;second_type&gt;::param_type second_param_type;
typedef typename call_traits&lt;first_type&gt;::reference first_reference;
typedef typename call_traits&lt;second_type&gt;::reference second_reference;
typedef typename call_traits&lt;first_type&gt;::const_reference first_const_reference;
typedef typename call_traits&lt;second_type&gt;::const_reference second_const_reference;
compressed_pair() : base() {}
compressed_pair(first_param_type x, second_param_type y);
explicit compressed_pair(first_param_type x);
explicit compressed_pair(second_param_type y);
first_reference first();
first_const_reference first() const;
second_reference second();
second_const_reference second() const;
void swap(compressed_pair&amp; y);
};</pre>
<p>The two members of the pair can be accessed using the member
functions first() and second(). Note that not all member
functions can be instantiated for all template parameter types.
In particular compressed_pair can be instantiated for reference
and array types, however in these cases the range of constructors
that can be used are limited. If types T1 and T2 are the same
type, then there is only one version of the single-argument
constructor, and this constructor initialises both values in the
pair to the passed value.</p>
<p>Note that compressed_pair can not be instantiated if either of
the template arguments is an enumerator type, unless there is
compiler support for boost::is_enum, or if boost::is_enum is
specialised for the enumerator type.</p>
<p>Finally, compressed_pair requires compiler support for partial
specialisation of class templates - without that support
compressed_pair behaves just like std::pair.</p>
<hr>
<p>Revised 08 March 2000</p>
<p><EFBFBD> Copyright boost.org 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
sell and distribute this document is granted provided this
copyright notice appears in all copies. This document is provided
&quot;as is&quot; without express or implied warranty, and with
no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.</p>
<p>Based on contributions by Steve Cleary, Beman Dawes, Howard
Hinnant and John Maddock.</p>
<p>Maintained by <a href="mailto:John_Maddock@compuserve.com">John
Maddock</a>, the latest version of this file can be found at <a
href="http://www.boost.org">www.boost.org</a>, and the boost
discussion list at <a href="http://www.egroups.com/list/boost">www.egroups.com/list/boost</a>.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</body>
</html>

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// boost::compressed_pair test program
// (C) Copyright John Maddock 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// standalone test program for <boost/compressed_pair.hpp>
// Revised 03 Oct 2000:
// Enabled tests for VC6.
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <cassert>
#include <boost/compressed_pair.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/type_traits_test.hpp>
using namespace boost;
namespace boost {
#ifndef BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION
template <> struct is_empty<empty_UDT>
{ static const bool value = true; };
template <> struct is_empty<empty_POD_UDT>
{ static const bool value = true; };
template <> struct is_POD<empty_POD_UDT>
{ static const bool value = true; };
#else
template <> struct is_empty<empty_UDT>
{ enum{ value = true }; };
template <> struct is_empty<empty_POD_UDT>
{ enum{ value = true }; };
template <> struct is_POD<empty_POD_UDT>
{ enum{ value = true }; };
#endif
}
struct non_empty1
{
int i;
non_empty1() : i(1){}
non_empty1(int v) : i(v){}
friend bool operator==(const non_empty1& a, const non_empty1& b)
{ return a.i == b.i; }
};
struct non_empty2
{
int i;
non_empty2() : i(3){}
non_empty2(int v) : i(v){}
friend bool operator==(const non_empty2& a, const non_empty2& b)
{ return a.i == b.i; }
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[ ])
{
compressed_pair<int, double> cp1(1, 1.3);
assert(cp1.first() == 1);
assert(cp1.second() == 1.3);
compressed_pair<int, double> cp1b(2, 2.3);
assert(cp1b.first() == 2);
assert(cp1b.second() == 2.3);
swap(cp1, cp1b);
assert(cp1b.first() == 1);
assert(cp1b.second() == 1.3);
assert(cp1.first() == 2);
assert(cp1.second() == 2.3);
compressed_pair<non_empty1, non_empty2> cp1c(non_empty1(9));
assert(cp1c.second() == non_empty2());
assert(cp1c.first() == non_empty1(9));
compressed_pair<non_empty1, non_empty2> cp1d(non_empty2(9));
assert(cp1d.second() == non_empty2(9));
assert(cp1d.first() == non_empty1());
compressed_pair<int, double> cp1e(cp1);
compressed_pair<empty_UDT, int> cp2(2);
assert(cp2.second() == 2);
compressed_pair<int, empty_UDT> cp3(1);
assert(cp3.first() ==1);
compressed_pair<empty_UDT, empty_UDT> cp4;
compressed_pair<empty_UDT, empty_POD_UDT> cp5;
compressed_pair<int, empty_UDT> cp9(empty_UDT());
compressed_pair<int, empty_UDT> cp10(1);
assert(cp10.first() == 1);
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES) || !defined(BOOST_NO_MEMBER_TEMPLATES) || !defined(BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION)
int i = 0;
compressed_pair<int&, int&> cp6(i,i);
assert(cp6.first() == i);
assert(cp6.second() == i);
assert(&cp6.first() == &i);
assert(&cp6.second() == &i);
compressed_pair<int, double[2]> cp7;
cp7.first();
double* pd = cp7.second();
#endif
soft_value_test(true, (sizeof(compressed_pair<empty_UDT, int>) < sizeof(std::pair<empty_UDT, int>)))
soft_value_test(true, (sizeof(compressed_pair<int, empty_UDT>) < sizeof(std::pair<int, empty_UDT>)))
soft_value_test(true, (sizeof(compressed_pair<empty_UDT, empty_UDT>) < sizeof(std::pair<empty_UDT, empty_UDT>)))
soft_value_test(true, (sizeof(compressed_pair<empty_UDT, empty_POD_UDT>) < sizeof(std::pair<empty_UDT, empty_POD_UDT>)))
soft_value_test(true, (sizeof(compressed_pair<empty_UDT, compressed_pair<empty_POD_UDT, int> >) < sizeof(std::pair<empty_UDT, std::pair<empty_POD_UDT, int> >)))
return check_result(argc, argv);
}
//
// instanciate some compressed pairs:
#ifdef __MWERKS__
template class compressed_pair<int, double>;
template class compressed_pair<int, int>;
template class compressed_pair<empty_UDT, int>;
template class compressed_pair<int, empty_UDT>;
template class compressed_pair<empty_UDT, empty_UDT>;
template class compressed_pair<empty_UDT, empty_POD_UDT>;
#else
template class boost::compressed_pair<int, double>;
template class boost::compressed_pair<int, int>;
template class boost::compressed_pair<empty_UDT, int>;
template class boost::compressed_pair<int, empty_UDT>;
template class boost::compressed_pair<empty_UDT, empty_UDT>;
template class boost::compressed_pair<empty_UDT, empty_POD_UDT>;
#endif
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
#ifndef __MWERKS__
//
// now some for which only a few specific members can be instantiated,
// first references:
template double& compressed_pair<double, int&>::first();
template int& compressed_pair<double, int&>::second();
#if !(defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ == 2) && (__GNUC_MINOR__ < 95))
template compressed_pair<double, int&>::compressed_pair(int&);
#endif
template compressed_pair<double, int&>::compressed_pair(call_traits<double>::param_type,int&);
//
// and then arrays:
#ifndef __BORLANDC__
template call_traits<int[2]>::reference compressed_pair<double, int[2]>::second();
#endif
template call_traits<double>::reference compressed_pair<double, int[2]>::first();
#if !(defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ == 2) && (__GNUC_MINOR__ < 95))
template compressed_pair<double, int[2]>::compressed_pair(call_traits<double>::param_type);
#endif
template compressed_pair<double, int[2]>::compressed_pair();
#endif // __MWERKS__
#endif // BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
unsigned int expected_failures = 0;

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<title>Counting Iterator Adaptor Documentation</title>
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<img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)"
align="center" width="277" height="86">
<h1>Counting Iterator Adaptor</h1>
Defined in header
<a href="../../boost/counting_iterator.hpp">boost/counting_iterator.hpp</a>
<p>
How would you fill up a vector with the numbers zero
through one hundred using <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/copy.html"><tt>std::copy()</tt></a>? The
only iterator operation missing from builtin integer types is an
<tt>operator*()</tt> that returns the current
value of the integer. The counting iterator adaptor adds this crucial piece of
functionality to whatever type it wraps. One can use the
counting iterator adaptor not only with integer types, but with any
type that is <tt>Incrementable</tt> (see type requirements <a href="#requirements">below</a>). The
following <b>pseudo-code</b> shows the general idea of how the
counting iterator is implemented.
</p>
<pre>
// inside a hypothetical counting_iterator class...
typedef Incrementable value_type;
value_type counting_iterator::operator*() const {
return this->base; // no dereference!
}
</pre>
All of the other operators of the counting iterator behave in the same
fashion as the <tt>Incrementable</tt> base type.
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<pre>
namespace boost {
template &lt;class Incrementable&gt;
struct <a href="#counting_iterator_traits">counting_iterator_traits</a>;
template &lt;class Incrementable&gt;
struct <a href="#counting_iterator_generator">counting_iterator_generator</a>;
template &lt;class Incrementable&gt;
typename counting_iterator_generator&lt;Incrementable&gt;::type
<a href="#make_counting_iterator">make_counting_iterator</a>(Incrementable x);
}
</pre>
<hr>
<h2><a name="counting_iterator_generator">The Counting Iterator Type
Generator</a></h2>
The class template <tt>counting_iterator_generator&lt;Incrementable&gt;</tt> is a <a href="../../more/generic_programming.html#type_generator">type generator</a> for counting iterators.
<pre>
template &lt;class Incrementable&gt;
class counting_iterator_generator
{
public:
typedef <a href="./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt;...&gt; type;
};
</pre>
<h3>Example</h3>
In this example we use the counting iterator generator to create a
counting iterator, and count from zero to four.
<pre>
#include &lt;boost/config.hpp&gt;
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;boost/counting_iterator.hpp&gt;
int main(int, char*[])
{
// Example of using counting_iterator_generator
std::cout &lt;&lt; "counting from 0 to 4:" &lt;&lt; std::endl;
boost::counting_iterator_generator&lt;int&gt;::type first(0), last(4);
std::copy(first, last, std::ostream_iterator&lt;int&gt;(std::cout, " "));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// to be continued...
</pre>
The output from this part is:
<pre>
counting from 0 to 4:
0 1 2 3
</pre>
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>Parameter</TH><TH>Description</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>Incrementable</tt></TD>
<TD>The type being wrapped by the adaptor.</TD>
</TR>
</Table>
<h3>Model of</h3>
If the <tt>Incrementable</tt> type has all of the functionality of a
<a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a> except the <tt>operator*()</tt>, then the counting
iterator will be a model of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a>. If the <tt>Incrementable</tt> type has less
functionality, then the counting iterator will have correspondingly
less functionality.
<h3><a name="requirements">Type Requirements</a></h3>
The <tt>Incrementable</tt> type must be <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/DefaultConstructible.html">Default
Constructible</a>, <a href="./CopyConstructible.html">Copy
Constructible</a>, and <a href="./Assignable.html">Assignable</a>.
Also, the <tt>Incrementable</tt> type must provide access to an
associated <tt>difference_type</tt> and <tt>iterator_category</tt>
through the <a
href="#counting_iterator_traits"><tt>counting_iterator_traits</tt></a>
class.
<p>
Furthermore, if you wish to create a counting iterator that is a <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html"> Forward
Iterator</a>, then the following expressions must be valid:
<pre>
Incrementable i, j;
++i // pre-increment
i == j // operator equal
</pre>
If you wish to create a counting iterator that is a <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">
Bidirectional Iterator</a>, then pre-decrement is also required:
<pre>
--i
</pre>
If you wish to create a counting iterator that is a <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html"> Random
Access Iterator</a>, then these additional expressions are also required:
<pre>
<a href="#counting_iterator_traits">counting_iterator_traits</a>&lt;Incrementable&gt;::difference_type n;
i += n
n = i - j
i < j
</pre>
<h3>Members</h3>
The counting iterator type implements the member functions and
operators required of the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a> concept. In addition it has the following
constructor:
<pre>
counting_iterator_generator::type(const Incrementable&amp; i)
</pre>
<p>
<hr>
<p>
<h2><a name="make_counting_iterator">The Counting Iterator Object Generator</a></h2>
<pre>
template &lt;class Incrementable&gt;
typename counting_iterator_generator&lt;Incrementable&gt;::type
make_counting_iterator(Incrementable base);
</pre>
An <a href="../../more/generic_programming.html#object_generator">object
generator</a> function that provides a convenient way to create counting
iterators.<p>
<h3>Example</h3>
In this example we count from negative five to positive five, this
time using the <tt>make_counting_iterator()</tt> function to save some
typing.
<pre>
// continuing from previous example...
std::cout &lt;&lt; "counting from -5 to 4:" &lt;&lt; std::endl;
std::copy(boost::make_counting_iterator(-5),
boost::make_counting_iterator(5),
std::ostream_iterator&lt;int&gt;(std::cout, " "));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// to be continued...
</pre>
The output from this part is:
<pre>
counting from -5 to 4:
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
</pre>
In the next example we create an array of numbers, and then create a
second array of pointers, where each pointer is the address of a
number in the first array. The counting iterator makes it easy to do
this since dereferencing a counting iterator that is wrapping an
iterator over the array of numbers just returns a pointer to the
current location in the array. We then use the <a
href="./indirect_iterator.htm">indirect iterator adaptor</a> to print
out the number in the array by accessing the numbers through the array
of pointers.
<pre>
// continuing from previous example...
const int N = 7;
std::vector&lt;int&gt; numbers;
// Fill "numbers" array with [0,N)
std::copy(boost::make_counting_iterator(0), boost::make_counting_iterator(N),
std::back_inserter(numbers));
std::vector&lt;std::vector&lt;int&gt;::iterator&gt; pointers;
// Use counting iterator to fill in the array of pointers.
std::copy(boost::make_counting_iterator(numbers.begin()),
boost::make_counting_iterator(numbers.end()),
std::back_inserter(pointers));
// Use indirect iterator to print out numbers by accessing
// them through the array of pointers.
std::cout &lt;&lt; "indirectly printing out the numbers from 0 to "
&lt;&lt; N &lt;&lt; std::endl;
std::copy(boost::make_indirect_iterator(pointers.begin()),
boost::make_indirect_iterator(pointers.end()),
std::ostream_iterator&lt;int&gt;(std::cout, " "));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
</pre>
The output is:
<pre>
indirectly printing out the numbers from 0 to 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
</pre>
<hr>
<h2><a name="counting_iterator_traits">Counting Iterator Traits</a></h2>
The counting iterator adaptor needs to determine the appropriate
<tt>difference_type</tt> and <tt>iterator_category</tt> to use based on the
<tt>Incrementable</tt> type supplied by the user. The
<tt>counting_iterator_traits</tt> class provides these types. If the
<tt>Incrementable</tt> type is an integral type or an iterator, these types
will be correctly deduced by the <tt>counting_iterator_traits</tt> provided by
the library. Otherwise, the user must specialize
<tt>counting_iterator_traits</tt> for her type or add nested typedefs to
her type to fulfill the needs of
<a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/iterator_traits.html">
<tt>std::iterator_traits</tt></a>.
<p>The following pseudocode describes how the <tt>counting_iterator_traits</tt> are determined:
<pre>
template &lt;class Incrementable&gt;
struct counting_iterator_traits
{
if (numeric_limits&lt;Incrementable&gt::is_specialized) {
if (!numeric_limits&lt;Incrementable&gt::is_integer)
COMPILE_TIME_ERROR;
if (!numeric_limits&lt;Incrementable&gt::is_bounded
&amp;&amp; numeric_limits&lt;Incrementable&gt;::is_signed) {
typedef Incrementable difference_type;
}
else if (numeric_limits&lt;Incrementable&gt::is_integral) {
typedef <i>next-larger-signed-type-or-intmax_t</i> difference_type;
}
typedef std::random_access_iterator_tag iterator_category;
} else {
typedef std::iterator_traits&lt;Incrementable&gt;::difference_type difference_type;
typedef std::iterator_traits&lt;Incrementable&gt;::iterator_category iterator_category;
}
};
</pre>
<p>The italicized sections above are implementation details, but it is important
to know that the <tt>difference_type</tt> for integral types is selected so that
it can always represent the difference between two values if such a built-in
integer exists. On platforms with a working <tt>std::numeric_limits</tt>
implementation, the <tt>difference_type</tt> for any variable-length signed
integer type <tt>T</tt> is <tt>T</tt> itself.
<hr>
<p>Revised <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->28 Feb 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14390" --></p>
<p><EFBFBD> Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use,
modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
notice appears in all copies. This document is provided &quot;as is&quot;
without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
any purpose.</p>
</body>
</html>
<!-- LocalWords: html charset alt gif hpp incrementable const namespace htm
-->
<!-- LocalWords: struct typename iostream int Siek CopyConstructible pre
-->

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/counting_iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
int main(int, char*[])
{
// Example of using counting_iterator_generator
std::cout << "counting from 0 to 4:" << std::endl;
boost::counting_iterator_generator<int>::type first(0), last(4);
std::copy(first, last, std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
// Example of using make_counting_iterator()
std::cout << "counting from -5 to 4:" << std::endl;
std::copy(boost::make_counting_iterator(-5),
boost::make_counting_iterator(5),
std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
// Example of using counting iterator to create an array of pointers.
const int N = 7;
std::vector<int> numbers;
// Fill "numbers" array with [0,N)
std::copy(boost::make_counting_iterator(0), boost::make_counting_iterator(N),
std::back_inserter(numbers));
std::vector<std::vector<int>::iterator> pointers;
// Use counting iterator to fill in the array of pointers.
std::copy(boost::make_counting_iterator(numbers.begin()),
boost::make_counting_iterator(numbers.end()),
std::back_inserter(pointers));
// Use indirect iterator to print out numbers by accessing
// them through the array of pointers.
std::cout << "indirectly printing out the numbers from 0 to "
<< N << std::endl;
std::copy(boost::make_indirect_iterator(pointers.begin()),
boost::make_indirect_iterator(pointers.end()),
std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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@ -1,263 +0,0 @@
// (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2001. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears in
// all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
//
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
//
// Revision History
// 16 Feb 2001 Added a missing const. Made the tests run (somewhat) with
// plain MSVC again. (David Abrahams)
// 11 Feb 2001 #if 0'd out use of counting_iterator on non-numeric types in
// MSVC without STLport, so that the other tests may proceed
// (David Abrahams)
// 04 Feb 2001 Added use of iterator_tests.hpp (David Abrahams)
// 28 Jan 2001 Removed not_an_iterator detritus (David Abrahams)
// 24 Jan 2001 Initial revision (David Abrahams)
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
# pragma warning(disable:4786) // identifier truncated in debug info
#endif
#include <boost/pending/iterator_tests.hpp>
#include <boost/counting_iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/detail/iterator.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <climits>
#include <iterator>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <boost/utility.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <cassert>
#ifndef BOOST_NO_LIMITS
# include <limits>
#endif
#ifndef BOOST_NO_SLIST
# include <slist>
#endif
template <class T> struct is_numeric
{
enum { value =
#ifndef BOOST_NO_LIMITS_COMPILE_TIME_CONSTANTS
std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized
#else
// Causes warnings with GCC, but how else can I detect numeric types at
// compile-time?
(boost::is_convertible<int,T>::value &&
boost::is_convertible<T,int>::value)
#endif
};
};
// Special tests for RandomAccess CountingIterators.
template <class CountingIterator>
void category_test(
CountingIterator start,
CountingIterator finish,
std::random_access_iterator_tag)
{
typedef typename
boost::detail::iterator_traits<CountingIterator>::difference_type
difference_type;
difference_type distance = boost::detail::distance(start, finish);
// Pick a random position internal to the range
difference_type offset = (unsigned)rand() % distance;
assert(offset >= 0);
CountingIterator internal = start;
std::advance(internal, offset);
// Try some binary searches on the range to show that it's ordered
assert(std::binary_search(start, finish, *internal));
CountingIterator x,y;
boost::tie(x,y) = std::equal_range(start, finish, *internal);
assert(boost::detail::distance(x, y) == 1);
// Show that values outside the range can't be found
assert(!std::binary_search(start, boost::prior(finish), *finish));
// Do the generic random_access_iterator_test
typedef typename CountingIterator::value_type value_type;
std::vector<value_type> v;
for (value_type z = *start; z != *finish; ++z)
v.push_back(z);
if (v.size() >= 2)
{
// Note that this test requires a that the first argument is
// dereferenceable /and/ a valid iterator prior to the first argument
boost::random_access_iterator_test(start + 1, v.size() - 1, v.begin() + 1);
}
}
// Special tests for bidirectional CountingIterators
template <class CountingIterator>
void category_test(CountingIterator start, CountingIterator finish, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag)
{
if (finish != start
&& finish != boost::next(start)
&& finish != boost::next(boost::next(start)))
{
// Note that this test requires a that the first argument is
// dereferenceable /and/ a valid iterator prior to the first argument
boost::bidirectional_iterator_test(boost::next(start), boost::next(*start), boost::next(boost::next(*start)));
}
}
template <class CountingIterator>
void category_test(CountingIterator start, CountingIterator finish, std::forward_iterator_tag)
{
if (finish != start && finish != boost::next(start))
boost::forward_iterator_test(start, *start, boost::next(*start));
}
template <class CountingIterator>
void test_aux(CountingIterator start, CountingIterator finish)
{
typedef typename CountingIterator::iterator_category category;
typedef typename CountingIterator::value_type value_type;
// If it's a RandomAccessIterator we can do a few delicate tests
category_test(start, finish, category());
// Okay, brute force...
for (CountingIterator p = start; p != finish && boost::next(p) != finish; ++p)
{
assert(boost::next(*p) == *boost::next(p));
}
// prove that a reference can be formed to these values
typedef typename CountingIterator::value_type value;
const value* q = &*start;
(void)q; // suppress unused variable warning
}
template <class Incrementable>
void test(Incrementable start, Incrementable finish)
{
test_aux(boost::make_counting_iterator(start), boost::make_counting_iterator(finish));
}
template <class Integer>
void test_integer(Integer* = 0) // default arg works around MSVC bug
{
Integer start = 0;
Integer finish = 120;
test(start, finish);
}
template <class Container>
void test_container(Container* = 0) // default arg works around MSVC bug
{
Container c(1 + (unsigned)rand() % 1673);
const typename Container::iterator start = c.begin();
// back off by 1 to leave room for dereferenceable value at the end
typename Container::iterator finish = start;
std::advance(finish, c.size() - 1);
test(start, finish);
typedef typename Container::const_iterator const_iterator;
test(const_iterator(start), const_iterator(finish));
}
class my_int1 {
public:
my_int1() { }
my_int1(int x) : m_int(x) { }
my_int1& operator++() { ++m_int; return *this; }
bool operator==(const my_int1& x) const { return m_int == x.m_int; }
private:
int m_int;
};
namespace boost {
template <>
struct counting_iterator_traits<my_int1> {
typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
typedef std::forward_iterator_tag iterator_category;
};
}
class my_int2 {
public:
typedef void value_type;
typedef void pointer;
typedef void reference;
typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
typedef std::bidirectional_iterator_tag iterator_category;
my_int2() { }
my_int2(int x) : m_int(x) { }
my_int2& operator++() { ++m_int; return *this; }
my_int2& operator--() { --m_int; return *this; }
bool operator==(const my_int2& x) const { return m_int == x.m_int; }
private:
int m_int;
};
class my_int3 {
public:
typedef void value_type;
typedef void pointer;
typedef void reference;
typedef std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
typedef std::random_access_iterator_tag iterator_category;
my_int3() { }
my_int3(int x) : m_int(x) { }
my_int3& operator++() { ++m_int; return *this; }
my_int3& operator+=(std::ptrdiff_t n) { m_int += n; return *this; }
std::ptrdiff_t operator-(const my_int3& x) const { return m_int - x.m_int; }
my_int3& operator--() { --m_int; return *this; }
bool operator==(const my_int3& x) const { return m_int == x.m_int; }
bool operator!=(const my_int3& x) const { return m_int != x.m_int; }
bool operator<(const my_int3& x) const { return m_int < x.m_int; }
private:
int m_int;
};
int main()
{
// Test the built-in integer types.
test_integer<char>();
test_integer<unsigned char>();
test_integer<signed char>();
test_integer<wchar_t>();
test_integer<short>();
test_integer<unsigned short>();
test_integer<int>();
test_integer<unsigned int>();
test_integer<long>();
test_integer<unsigned long>();
#if defined(ULLONG_MAX) || defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX)
test_integer<long long>();
test_integer<unsigned long long>();
#endif
// wrapping an iterator or non-built-in integer type causes an INTERNAL
// COMPILER ERROR in MSVC without STLport. I'm clueless as to why.
#if !defined(BOOST_MSVC) || defined(__SGI_STL_PORT)
// Test user-defined type.
test_integer<my_int1>();
test_integer<my_int2>();
test_integer<my_int3>();
// Some tests on container iterators, to prove we handle a few different categories
test_container<std::vector<int> >();
test_container<std::list<int> >();
# ifndef BOOST_NO_SLIST
test_container<BOOST_STD_EXTENSION_NAMESPACE::slist<int> >();
# endif
// Also prove that we can handle raw pointers.
int array[2000];
test(boost::make_counting_iterator(array), boost::make_counting_iterator(array+2000-1));
#endif
std::cout << "test successful " << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 4.0">
<meta name="ProgId" content="FrontPage.Editor.Document">
<title>Filter Iterator Adaptor Documentation</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
<img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)"
align="center" width="277" height="86">
<h1>Filter Iterator Adaptor</h1>
Defined in header
<a href="../../boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp">boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp</a>
<p>
The filter iterator adaptor creates a view of an iterator range in
which some elements of the range are skipped over. A <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Predicate.html">Predicate</a>
function object controls which elements are skipped. When the
predicate is applied to an element, if it returns <tt>true</tt> then
the element is retained and if it returns <tt>false</tt> then the
element is skipped over.
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<pre>
namespace boost {
template &lt;class Predicate, class BaseIterator, ...&gt;
class filter_iterator_generator;
template &lt;class Predicate, class BaseIterator&gt;
typename filter_iterator_generator&lt;Predicate, BaseIterator&gt;::type
make_filter_iterator(BaseIterator first, BaseIterator last, const Predicate& p = Predicate());
}
</pre>
<hr>
<h2><a name="filter_iterator_generator">The Filter Iterator Type
Generator</a></h2>
The class <tt>filter_iterator_generator</tt> is a helper class whose
purpose is to construct a filter iterator type. The template
parameters for this class are the <tt>Predicate</tt> function object
type and the <tt>BaseIterator</tt> type that is being wrapped. In
most cases the associated types for the wrapped iterator can be
deduced from <tt>std::iterator_traits</tt>, but in some situations the
user may want to override these types, so there are also template
parameters for each of the iterator's associated types.
<pre>
template &lt;class Predicate, class BaseIterator,
class Value, class Reference, class Pointer, class Category, class Distance>
class filter_iterator_generator
{
public:
typedef <tt><a href="./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt...&gt;</tt> type; // the resulting filter iterator type
}
</pre>
<h3>Example</h3>
The following example uses filter iterator to print out all the
positive integers in an array.
<pre>
struct is_positive_number {
bool operator()(int x) { return 0 &lt; x; }
};
int main() {
int numbers[] = { 0, -1, 4, -3, 5, 8, -2 };
const int N = sizeof(numbers)/sizeof(int);
typedef boost::filter_iterator_generator&lt;is_positive_number, int*, int&gt;::type FilterIter;
is_positive_number predicate;
FilterIter::policies_type policies(predicate, numbers + N);
FilterIter filter_iter_first(numbers, policies);
FilterIter filter_iter_last(numbers + N, policies);
std::copy(filter_iter_first, filter_iter_last, std::ostream_iterator&lt;int&gt;(std::cout, " "));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
return 0;
}
</pre>
The output is:
<pre>
4 5 8
</pre>
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>Parameter</TH><TH>Description</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Predicate.html"><tt>Predicate</tt></a></TD>
<TD>The function object that determines which elements are retained and which elements are skipped.
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>BaseIterator</tt></TD>
<TD>The iterator type being wrapped. This type must at least be a model
of the <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator">InputIterator</a> concept.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>Value</tt></TD>
<TD>The <tt>value_type</tt> of the resulting iterator,
unless const. If const, a conforming compiler strips constness for the
<tt>value_type</tt>. Typically the default for this parameter is the
appropriate type<a href="#1">[1]</a>.<br> <b>Default:</b>
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::value_type</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>Reference</tt></TD>
<TD>The <tt>reference</tt> type of the resulting iterator, and in
particular, the result type of <tt>operator*()</tt>. Typically the default for
this parameter is the appropriate type.<br> <b>Default:</b> If
<tt>Value</tt> is supplied, <tt>Value&amp;</tt> is used. Otherwise
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::reference</tt> is
used.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>Pointer</tt></TD>
<TD>The <tt>pointer</tt> type of the resulting iterator, and in
particular, the result type of <tt>operator->()</tt>.
Typically the default for
this parameter is the appropriate type.<br>
<b>Default:</b> If <tt>Value</tt> was supplied, then <tt>Value*</tt>,
otherwise <tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::pointer</tt>.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>Category</tt></TD>
<TD>The <tt>iterator_category</tt> type for the resulting iterator.
Typically the
default for this parameter is the appropriate type. If you override
this parameter, do not use <tt>bidirectional_iterator_tag</tt>
because filter iterators can not go in reverse.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::iterator_category</tt></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>Distance</tt></TD>
<TD>The <tt>difference_type</tt> for the resulting iterator. Typically the default for
this parameter is the appropriate type.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::difference_type</TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Model of</h3>
The filter iterator adaptor (the type
<tt>filter_iterator_generator<...>::type</tt>) may be a model of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator.html">InputIterator</a> or <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html">ForwardIterator</a>
depending on the adapted iterator type.
<h3>Members</h3>
The filter iterator type implements all of the member functions and
operators required of the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html">ForwardIterator</a>
concept. In addition it has the following constructor:
<pre>filter_iterator_generator::type(const BaseIterator& it, const Policies& p = Policies())</pre>
<p>
The policies type has only one public function, which is its constructor:
<pre>filter_iterator_generator::policies_type(const Predicate& p, const BaseIterator& end)</pre>
<p>
<hr>
<p>
<h2><a name="make_filter_iterator">The Make Filter Iterator Function</a></h2>
<pre>
template &lt;class Predicate, class BaseIterator&gt;
typename detail::filter_generator&lt;Predicate, BaseIterator&gt;::type
make_filter_iterator(BaseIterator first, BaseIterator last, const Predicate& p = Predicate())
</pre>
This function provides a convenient way to create filter iterators.
<h3>Example</h3>
In this example we print out all numbers in the array that are
greater than negative two.
<pre>
int main()
{
int numbers[] = { 0, -1, 4, -3, 5, 8, -2 };
const int N = sizeof(numbers)/sizeof(int);
std::copy(boost::make_filter_iterator(numbers, numbers + N,
std::bind2nd(std::greater<int>(), -2)),
boost::make_filter_iterator(numbers + N, numbers + N,
std::bind2nd(std::greater<int>(), -2)),
std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
}
</pre>
The output is:
<pre>
0 -1 4 5 8
</pre>
<p>
In the next example we print the positive numbers using the
<tt>make_filter_iterator()</tt> function.
<pre>
struct is_positive_number {
bool operator()(int x) { return 0 &lt; x; }
};
int main()
{
int numbers[] = { 0, -1, 4, -3, 5, 8, -2 };
const int N = sizeof(numbers)/sizeof(int);
std::copy(boost::make_filter_iterator&lt;is_positive_number&gt;(numbers, numbers + N),
boost::make_filter_iterator&lt;is_positive_number&gt;(numbers + N, numbers + N),
std::ostream_iterator&lt;int&gt;(std::cout, " "));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
return 0;
}
</pre>
The output is:
<pre>
4 5 8
</pre>
<h3>Notes</h3>
<a name="1">[1]</a> If the compiler does not support partial
specialization and the wrapped iterator type is a builtin pointer then
the <tt>Value</tt> type must be explicitly specified (don't use the
default).
<hr>
<p>Revised <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->09 Mar 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14894" --></p>
<p><EFBFBD> Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use,
modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
notice appears in all copies. This document is provided &quot;as is&quot;
without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
any purpose.</p>
</body>
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// Example of using the filter iterator adaptor from
// boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp.
// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
struct is_positive_number {
bool operator()(int x) { return 0 < x; }
};
int main()
{
int numbers[] = { 0, -1, 4, -3, 5, 8, -2 };
const int N = sizeof(numbers)/sizeof(int);
// Example using make_filter_iterator()
std::copy(boost::make_filter_iterator<is_positive_number>(numbers, numbers + N),
boost::make_filter_iterator<is_positive_number>(numbers + N, numbers + N),
std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
// Example using filter_iterator_generator
typedef boost::filter_iterator_generator<is_positive_number, int*, int>::type
FilterIter;
is_positive_number predicate;
FilterIter::policies_type policies(predicate, numbers + N);
FilterIter filter_iter_first(numbers, policies);
FilterIter filter_iter_last(numbers + N, policies);
std::copy(filter_iter_first, filter_iter_last, std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
// Another example using make_filter_iterator()
std::copy(boost::make_filter_iterator(numbers, numbers + N,
std::bind2nd(std::greater<int>(), -2)),
boost::make_filter_iterator(numbers + N, numbers + N,
std::bind2nd(std::greater<int>(), -2)),
std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2001. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// Revision History:
// 27 Feb 2001 Jeremy Siek
// Initial checkin.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/function_output_iterator.hpp>
struct string_appender {
string_appender(std::string& s) : m_str(s) { }
void operator()(const std::string& x) const {
m_str += x;
}
std::string& m_str;
};
int main(int, char*[])
{
std::vector<std::string> x;
x.push_back("hello");
x.push_back(" ");
x.push_back("world");
x.push_back("!");
std::string s = "";
std::copy(x.begin(), x.end(),
boost::make_function_output_iterator(string_appender(s)));
std::cout << s << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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<h1>Function Output Iterator Adaptor</h1>
Defined in header <a href=
"../../boost/function_output_iterator.hpp">boost/function_output_iterator.hpp</a>
<p>The function output iterator adaptor makes it easier to create
custom output iterators. The adaptor takes a <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/UnaryFunction.html">Unary
Function</a> and creates a model of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/OutputIterator.html">Output
Iterator</a>. Each item assigned to the output iterator is passed
as an argument to the unary function. The motivation for this
iterator is that creating a C++ Standard conforming output
iterator is non-trivial, particularly because the proper
implementation usually requires a proxy object. On the other hand,
creating a function (or function object) is much simpler.
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre>
namespace boost {
template &lt;class UnaryFunction&gt;
class function_output_iterator;
template &lt;class UnaryFunction&gt;
function_output_iterator&lt;UnaryFunction&gt;
make_function_output_iterator(const UnaryFunction&amp; f = UnaryFunction())
}
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Example</h3>
In this example we create an output iterator that appends
each item onto the end of a string, using the <tt>string_appender</tt>
function.
<blockquote>
<pre>
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;string&gt;
#include &lt;vector&gt;
#include &lt;boost/function_output_iterator.hpp&gt;
struct string_appender {
string_appender(std::string&amp; s) : m_str(s) { }
void operator()(const std::string&amp; x) const {
m_str += x;
}
std::string&amp; m_str;
};
int main(int, char*[])
{
std::vector&lt;std::string&gt; x;
x.push_back("hello");
x.push_back(" ");
x.push_back("world");
x.push_back("!");
std::string s = "";
std::copy(x.begin(), x.end(),
boost::make_function_output_iterator(string_appender(s)));
std::cout &lt;&lt; s &lt;&lt; std::endl;
return 0;
}
</pre>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h2><a name="function_output_iterator">The Function Output Iterator Class</a></h2>
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class UnaryFunction&gt;
class function_output_iterator;
</pre>
</blockquote>
The <tt>function_output_iterator</tt> class creates an <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/OutputIterator.html">Output
Iterator</a> out of a
<a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/UnaryFunction.html">Unary
Function</a>. Each item assigned to the output iterator is passed
as an argument to the unary function.
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<table border>
<tr>
<th>Parameter
<th>Description
<tr>
<td><tt>UnaryFunction</tt>
<td>The function type being wrapped. The return type of the
function is not used, so it can be <tt>void</tt>. The
function must be a model of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/UnaryFunction.html">Unary
Function</a>.</td>
</table>
<h3>Concept Model</h3>
The function output iterator class is a model of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/OutputIterator.html">Output
Iterator</a>.
<h2>Members</h3>
The function output iterator implements the member functions
and operators required of the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/OutputIterator.html">Output
Iterator</a> concept. In addition it has the following constructor:
<pre>
explicit function_output_iterator(const UnaryFunction& f = UnaryFunction())
</pre>
<br>
<br>
<hr>
<h2><a name="make_function_output_iterator">The Function Output Iterator Object
Generator</a></h2>
The <tt>make_function_output_iterator()</tt> function provides a
more convenient way to create function output iterator objects. The
function saves the user the trouble of explicitly writing out the
iterator types. If the default argument is used, the function
type must be provided as an explicit template argument.
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class UnaryFunction&gt;
function_output_iterator&lt;UnaryFunction&gt;
make_function_output_iterator(const UnaryFunction&amp; f = UnaryFunction())
</pre>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<p>&copy; Copyright Jeremy Siek 2001. Permission to copy, use,
modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this
copyright notice appears in all copies. This document is provided
"as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
to its suitability for any purpose.
</body>
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// (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2001. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears in
// all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
//
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
//
// Revision History
// 11 Feb 2001 Compile with Borland, re-enable failing tests (David Abrahams)
// 29 Jan 2001 Initial revision (David Abrahams)
#include <boost/half_open_range.hpp>
#include <boost/utility.hpp>
#include <iterator>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <cassert>
#include <stdexcept>
#ifndef BOOST_NO_LIMITS
# include <limits>
#endif
#ifndef BOOST_NO_SLIST
# include <slist>
#endif
inline unsigned unsigned_random(unsigned max)
{
return (max > 0) ? (unsigned)rand() % max : 0;
}
// Special tests for ranges supporting random access
template <class T>
void category_test_1(
const boost::half_open_range<T>& r, std::random_access_iterator_tag)
{
typedef boost::half_open_range<T> range;
typedef typename range::size_type size_type;
size_type size = r.size();
// pick a random offset
size_type offset = unsigned_random(size);
typename range::value_type x = *(r.begin() + offset);
// test contains(value_type)
assert(r.contains(r.start()) == !r.empty());
assert(!r.contains(r.finish()));
assert(r.contains(x) == (offset != size));
range::const_iterator p = r.find(x);
assert((p == r.end()) == (x == r.finish()));
assert(r.find(r.finish()) == r.end());
if (offset != size)
{
assert(x == r[offset]);
assert(x == r.at(offset));
}
bool caught_out_of_range = false;
try {
bool never_initialized = x == r.at(size);
(void)never_initialized;
}
catch(std::out_of_range&)
{
caught_out_of_range = true;
}
catch(...)
{
}
assert(caught_out_of_range);
}
// Those tests must be skipped for other ranges
template <class T>
void category_test_1(
const boost::half_open_range<T>&, std::forward_iterator_tag)
{
}
unsigned indices[][2] = { {0,0},{0,1},{0,2},{0,3},
{1,1},{1,2},{1,3},
{2,2},{2,3},
{3,3}};
template <class Range>
void category_test_2(
const std::vector<Range>& ranges, unsigned i, unsigned j, std::random_access_iterator_tag)
{
typedef Range range;
const range& ri = ranges[i];
const range& rj = ranges[j];
if (indices[i][0] <= indices[j][0] && indices[i][1] >= indices[j][1])
assert(ri.contains(rj));
if (ri.contains(rj))
assert((ri & rj) == rj);
assert(boost::intersects(ri, rj) == !(ri & rj).empty());
range t1(ri);
t1 &= rj;
assert(t1 == range(indices[i][0] > indices[j][0] ? ri.start() : rj.start(),
indices[i][1] < indices[j][1] ? ri.finish() : rj.finish()));
assert(t1 == (ri & rj));
range t2(ri);
t2 |= rj;
if (ri.empty())
assert(t2 == rj);
else if (rj.empty())
assert(t2 == ri);
else
assert(t2 == range(indices[i][0] < indices[j][0] ? ri.start() : rj.start(),
indices[i][1] > indices[j][1] ? ri.finish() : rj.finish()));
assert(t2 == (ri | rj));
if (i == j)
assert(ri == rj);
if (ri.empty() || rj.empty())
assert((ri == rj) == (ri.empty() && rj.empty()));
else
assert((ri == rj) == (ri.start() == rj.start() && ri.finish() == rj.finish()));
assert((ri == rj) == !(ri != rj));
bool same = ri == rj;
bool one_empty = ri.empty() != rj.empty();
std::less<range> less;
std::less_equal<range> less_equal;
std::greater<range> greater;
std::greater_equal<range> greater_equal;
if (same)
{
assert(greater_equal(ri,rj));
assert(less_equal(ri,rj));
assert(!greater(ri,rj));
assert(!less(ri,rj));
}
else if (one_empty)
{
const range& empty = ri.empty() ? ri : rj;
const range& non_empty = rj.empty() ? ri : rj;
assert(less(empty,non_empty));
assert(less_equal(empty,non_empty));
assert(!greater(empty,non_empty));
assert(!greater_equal(empty,non_empty));
assert(!less(non_empty,empty));
assert(!less_equal(non_empty,empty));
assert(greater(non_empty,empty));
assert(greater_equal(non_empty,empty));
}
else {
if (indices[i][0] < indices[j][0] ||
indices[i][0] == indices[j][0] && indices[i][1] < indices[j][1])
{
assert(!greater_equal(ri,rj));
assert(less(ri,rj));
}
if (indices[i][0] < indices[j][0] ||
indices[i][0] == indices[j][0] && indices[i][1] <= indices[j][1])
{
assert(!greater(ri,rj));
assert(less_equal(ri,rj));
}
if (indices[i][0] > indices[j][0] ||
indices[i][0] == indices[j][0] && indices[i][1] > indices[j][1])
{
assert(!less_equal(ri,rj));
assert(greater(ri,rj));
}
if (indices[i][0] > indices[j][0] ||
indices[i][0] == indices[j][0] && indices[i][1] >= indices[j][1])
{
assert(!less(ri,rj));
assert(greater_equal(ri,rj));
}
}
}
template <class Range>
void category_test_2(
const std::vector<Range>&, unsigned, unsigned, std::forward_iterator_tag)
{
}
template <class T>
void category_test_2(
const std::vector<boost::half_open_range<T> >&, unsigned, unsigned, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag)
{
}
template <class Range>
void test_back(Range& x, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag)
{
assert(x.back() == boost::prior(x.finish()));
}
template <class Range>
void test_back(Range& x, std::forward_iterator_tag)
{
}
template <class T>
boost::half_open_range<T> range_identity(const boost::half_open_range<T>& x)
{
return x;
}
template <class T>
void test(T x0, T x1, T x2, T x3)
{
std::vector<boost::half_open_range<T> > ranges;
typedef boost::half_open_range<T> range;
T bounds[4] = { x0, x1, x2, x3 };
const std::size_t num_ranges = sizeof(indices)/sizeof(*indices);
// test construction
for (std::size_t n = 0; n < num_ranges;++n)
{
T start = bounds[indices[n][0]];
T finish = bounds[indices[n][1]];
boost::half_open_range<T> r(start, finish);
ranges.push_back(r);
}
// test implicit conversion from std::pair<T,T>
range converted = std::pair<T,T>(x0,x0);
(void)converted;
// test assignment, equality and inequality
range r00 = range(x0, x0);
assert(r00 == range(x0,x0));
assert(r00 == range(x1,x1)); // empty ranges are all equal
if (x3 != x0)
assert(r00 != range(x0, x3));
r00 = range(x0, x3);
assert(r00 == range(x0, x3));
if (x3 != x0)
assert(r00 != range(x0, x0));
typedef typename range::iterator iterator;
typedef typename iterator::iterator_category category;
for (unsigned i = 0; i < num_ranges; ++i)
{
const range& r = ranges[i];
// test begin(), end(), basic iteration.
unsigned count = 0;
for (range::const_iterator p = r.begin(), finish = r.end();
p != finish;
++p, ++count)
{
assert(count < 2100);
}
// test size(), empty(), front(), back()
assert((unsigned)r.size() == count);
if (indices[i][0] == indices[i][1])
assert(r.empty());
if (r.empty())
assert(r.size() == 0);
if (!r.empty())
{
assert(r.front() == r.start());
test_back(r, category());
}
// test swap
range r1(r);
range r2(x0,x3);
const bool same = r1 == r2;
r1.swap(r2);
assert(r1 == range(x0,x3));
assert(r2 == r);
if (!same) {
assert(r1 != r);
assert(r2 != range(x0,x3));
}
// do individual tests for random-access iterators
category_test_1(r, category());
}
for (unsigned j = 0; j < num_ranges; ++j) {
for (unsigned k = 0; k < num_ranges; ++k) {
category_test_2(ranges, j, k, category());
}
}
}
template <class Integer>
void test_integer(Integer* = 0) // default arg works around MSVC bug
{
Integer a = 0;
Integer b = a + unsigned_random(128 - a);
Integer c = b + unsigned_random(128 - b);
Integer d = c + unsigned_random(128 - c);
test(a, b, c, d);
}
template <class Container>
void test_container(Container* = 0) // default arg works around MSVC bug
{
Container c(unsigned_random(1673));
const typename Container::size_type offset1 = unsigned_random(c.size());
const typename Container::size_type offset2 = unsigned_random(c.size() - offset1);
typename Container::iterator internal1 = c.begin();
std::advance(internal1, offset1);
typename Container::iterator internal2 = internal1;
std::advance(internal2, offset2);
test(c.begin(), internal1, internal2, c.end());
typedef typename Container::const_iterator const_iterator;
test(const_iterator(c.begin()),
const_iterator(internal1),
const_iterator(internal2),
const_iterator(c.end()));
}
int main()
{
// Test the built-in integer types.
test_integer<char>();
test_integer<unsigned char>();
test_integer<signed char>();
test_integer<wchar_t>();
test_integer<short>();
test_integer<unsigned short>();
test_integer<int>();
test_integer<unsigned int>();
test_integer<long>();
test_integer<unsigned long>();
#if defined(ULLONG_MAX) || defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX)
test_integer<long long>();
test_integer<unsigned long long>();
#endif
// Some tests on container iterators, to prove we handle a few different categories
test_container<std::vector<int> >();
test_container<std::list<int> >();
#ifndef BOOST_NO_SLIST
test_container<BOOST_STD_EXTENSION_NAMESPACE::slist<int> >();
#endif
// Also prove that we can handle raw pointers.
int array[2000];
const std::size_t a = 0;
const std::size_t b = a + unsigned_random(2000 - a);
const std::size_t c = b + unsigned_random(2000 - b);
test(array, array+b, array+c, array+2000);
return 0;
}

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@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
// (C) Copyright Boost.org 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// See boost/detail/call_traits.hpp and boost/detail/ob_call_traits.hpp
// for full copyright notices.
#ifndef BOOST_CALL_TRAITS_HPP
#define BOOST_CALL_TRAITS_HPP
#ifndef BOOST_CONFIG_HPP
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#endif
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
#include <boost/detail/ob_call_traits.hpp>
#else
#include <boost/detail/call_traits.hpp>
#endif
#endif // BOOST_CALL_TRAITS_HPP

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@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
// (C) Copyright Boost.org 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// See boost/detail/compressed_pair.hpp and boost/detail/ob_compressed_pair.hpp
// for full copyright notices.
#ifndef BOOST_COMPRESSED_PAIR_HPP
#define BOOST_COMPRESSED_PAIR_HPP
#ifndef BOOST_CONFIG_HPP
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#endif
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
#include <boost/detail/ob_compressed_pair.hpp>
#else
#include <boost/detail/compressed_pair.hpp>
#endif
#endif // BOOST_COMPRESSED_PAIR_HPP

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@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
// (C) Copyright Steve Cleary, Beman Dawes, Howard Hinnant & John Maddock 2000.
// Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Use, modification and distribution are subject to the Boost Software License,
// Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
//
// See http://www.boost.org/libs/utility for most recent version including documentation.
// call_traits: defines typedefs for function usage
// (see libs/utility/call_traits.htm)
@ -22,32 +21,42 @@
#ifndef BOOST_CONFIG_HPP
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#endif
#include <cstddef>
#ifndef BOOST_ARITHMETIC_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP
#include <boost/type_traits/arithmetic_traits.hpp>
#endif
#ifndef BOOST_COMPOSITE_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP
#include <boost/type_traits/composite_traits.hpp>
#endif
#include <boost/type_traits/is_arithmetic.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/is_pointer.hpp>
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
namespace boost{
namespace detail{
template <typename T, bool isp, bool b1, bool b2>
template <typename T, bool small_>
struct ct_imp2
{
typedef const T& param_type;
};
template <typename T>
struct ct_imp2<T, true>
{
typedef const T param_type;
};
template <typename T, bool isp, bool b1>
struct ct_imp
{
typedef const T& param_type;
};
template <typename T, bool isp>
struct ct_imp<T, isp, true, true>
struct ct_imp<T, isp, true>
{
typedef T const param_type;
typedef typename ct_imp2<T, sizeof(T) <= sizeof(void*)>::param_type param_type;
};
template <typename T, bool b1, bool b2>
struct ct_imp<T, true, b1, b2>
template <typename T, bool b1>
struct ct_imp<T, true, b1>
{
typedef T const param_type;
};
@ -67,7 +76,11 @@ public:
// however compiler bugs prevent this - instead pass three bool's to
// ct_imp<T,bool,bool,bool> and add an extra partial specialisation
// of ct_imp to handle the logic. (JM)
typedef typename detail::ct_imp<T, ::boost::is_pointer<typename remove_const<T>::type>::value, ::boost::is_arithmetic<typename remove_const<T>::type>::value, sizeof(T) <= sizeof(void*)>::param_type param_type;
typedef typename boost::detail::ct_imp<
T,
::boost::is_pointer<T>::value,
::boost::is_arithmetic<T>::value
>::param_type param_type;
};
template <typename T>
@ -79,7 +92,7 @@ struct call_traits<T&>
typedef T& param_type; // hh removed const
};
#if defined(__BORLANDC__) && (__BORLANDC__ <= 0x551)
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND( __BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT( 0x570 ) )
// these are illegal specialisations; cv-qualifies applied to
// references have no effect according to [8.3.2p1],
// C++ Builder requires them though as it treats cv-qualified
@ -109,7 +122,7 @@ struct call_traits<T&const volatile>
typedef T& param_type; // hh removed const
};
#endif
#if !defined(BOOST_NO_ARRAY_TYPE_SPECIALIZATIONS)
template <typename T, std::size_t N>
struct call_traits<T [N]>
{
@ -135,6 +148,7 @@ public:
typedef const array_type& const_reference;
typedef const T* const param_type;
};
#endif
}

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@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
// (C) Copyright Steve Cleary, Beman Dawes, Howard Hinnant & John Maddock 2000.
// Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Use, modification and distribution are subject to the Boost Software License,
// Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
//
// See http://www.boost.org/libs/utility for most recent version including documentation.
// compressed_pair: pair that "compresses" empty members
// (see libs/utility/compressed_pair.htm)
//
// JM changes 25 Jan 2004:
// For the case where T1 == T2 and both are empty, then first() and second()
// should return different objects.
// JM changes 25 Jan 2000:
// Removed default arguments from compressed_pair_switch to get
// C++ Builder 4 to accept them
@ -19,19 +21,19 @@
#define BOOST_DETAIL_COMPRESSED_PAIR_HPP
#include <algorithm>
#ifndef BOOST_OBJECT_TYPE_TRAITS_HPP
#include <boost/type_traits/object_traits.hpp>
#endif
#ifndef BOOST_SAME_TRAITS_HPP
#include <boost/type_traits/same_traits.hpp>
#endif
#ifndef BOOST_CALL_TRAITS_HPP
#include <boost/type_traits/remove_cv.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/is_empty.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits/is_same.hpp>
#include <boost/call_traits.hpp>
#endif
namespace boost
{
template <class T1, class T2>
class compressed_pair;
// compressed_pair
namespace details
@ -104,10 +106,10 @@ namespace details
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x, second_param_type y)
: first_(x), second_(y) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
: first_(x) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(second_param_type y)
compressed_pair_imp(second_param_type y)
: second_(y) {}
first_reference first() {return first_;}
@ -116,10 +118,10 @@ namespace details
second_reference second() {return second_;}
second_const_reference second() const {return second_;}
void swap(compressed_pair_imp& y)
void swap(::boost::compressed_pair<T1, T2>& y)
{
cp_swap(first_, y.first_);
cp_swap(second_, y.second_);
cp_swap(first_, y.first());
cp_swap(second_, y.second());
}
private:
first_type first_;
@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ namespace details
template <class T1, class T2>
class compressed_pair_imp<T1, T2, 1>
: private T1
: private ::boost::remove_cv<T1>::type
{
public:
typedef T1 first_type;
@ -147,10 +149,10 @@ namespace details
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x, second_param_type y)
: first_type(x), second_(y) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
: first_type(x) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(second_param_type y)
compressed_pair_imp(second_param_type y)
: second_(y) {}
first_reference first() {return *this;}
@ -159,10 +161,10 @@ namespace details
second_reference second() {return second_;}
second_const_reference second() const {return second_;}
void swap(compressed_pair_imp& y)
void swap(::boost::compressed_pair<T1,T2>& y)
{
// no need to swap empty base class:
cp_swap(second_, y.second_);
cp_swap(second_, y.second());
}
private:
second_type second_;
@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ namespace details
template <class T1, class T2>
class compressed_pair_imp<T1, T2, 2>
: private T2
: private ::boost::remove_cv<T2>::type
{
public:
typedef T1 first_type;
@ -189,10 +191,10 @@ namespace details
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x, second_param_type y)
: second_type(y), first_(x) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
: first_(x) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(second_param_type y)
compressed_pair_imp(second_param_type y)
: second_type(y) {}
first_reference first() {return first_;}
@ -201,10 +203,10 @@ namespace details
second_reference second() {return *this;}
second_const_reference second() const {return *this;}
void swap(compressed_pair_imp& y)
void swap(::boost::compressed_pair<T1,T2>& y)
{
// no need to swap empty base class:
cp_swap(first_, y.first_);
cp_swap(first_, y.first());
}
private:
@ -215,8 +217,8 @@ namespace details
template <class T1, class T2>
class compressed_pair_imp<T1, T2, 3>
: private T1,
private T2
: private ::boost::remove_cv<T1>::type,
private ::boost::remove_cv<T2>::type
{
public:
typedef T1 first_type;
@ -233,10 +235,10 @@ namespace details
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x, second_param_type y)
: first_type(x), second_type(y) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
: first_type(x) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(second_param_type y)
compressed_pair_imp(second_param_type y)
: second_type(y) {}
first_reference first() {return *this;}
@ -246,7 +248,7 @@ namespace details
second_const_reference second() const {return *this;}
//
// no need to swap empty bases:
void swap(compressed_pair_imp&) {}
void swap(::boost::compressed_pair<T1,T2>&) {}
};
// JM
@ -255,7 +257,7 @@ namespace details
// but reuses T1 base class for both first() and second().
template <class T1, class T2>
class compressed_pair_imp<T1, T2, 4>
: private T1
: private ::boost::remove_cv<T1>::type
{
public:
typedef T1 first_type;
@ -269,20 +271,21 @@ namespace details
compressed_pair_imp() {}
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x, second_param_type)
: first_type(x) {}
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x, second_param_type y)
: first_type(x), m_second(y) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
: first_type(x) {}
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
: first_type(x), m_second(x) {}
first_reference first() {return *this;}
first_const_reference first() const {return *this;}
second_reference second() {return *this;}
second_const_reference second() const {return *this;}
second_reference second() {return m_second;}
second_const_reference second() const {return m_second;}
void swap(compressed_pair_imp&) {}
void swap(::boost::compressed_pair<T1,T2>&) {}
private:
T2 m_second;
};
// 5 T1 == T2 and are not empty: //JM
@ -305,7 +308,7 @@ namespace details
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x, second_param_type y)
: first_(x), second_(y) {}
explicit compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
compressed_pair_imp(first_param_type x)
: first_(x), second_(x) {}
first_reference first() {return first_;}
@ -314,10 +317,10 @@ namespace details
second_reference second() {return second_;}
second_const_reference second() const {return second_;}
void swap(compressed_pair_imp<T1, T2, 5>& y)
void swap(::boost::compressed_pair<T1, T2>& y)
{
cp_swap(first_, y.first_);
cp_swap(second_, y.second_);
cp_swap(first_, y.first());
cp_swap(second_, y.second());
}
private:
first_type first_;
@ -401,7 +404,10 @@ public:
compressed_pair() : base() {}
compressed_pair(first_param_type x, second_param_type y) : base(x, y) {}
explicit compressed_pair(first_param_type x) : base(x) {}
#if !(defined(__SUNPRO_CC) && (__SUNPRO_CC <= 0x530))
explicit
#endif
compressed_pair(first_param_type x) : base(x) {}
first_reference first() {return base::first();}
first_const_reference first() const {return base::first();}
@ -409,7 +415,7 @@ public:
second_reference second() {return base::second();}
second_const_reference second() const {return base::second();}
void swap(compressed_pair& y) { base::swap(y); }
void swap(::boost::compressed_pair<T,T>& y) { base::swap(y); }
};
template <class T1, class T2>
@ -424,5 +430,3 @@ swap(compressed_pair<T1, T2>& x, compressed_pair<T1, T2>& y)
#endif // BOOST_DETAIL_COMPRESSED_PAIR_HPP

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@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
// (C) Copyright Steve Cleary, Beman Dawes, Howard Hinnant & John Maddock 2000.
// Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Use, modification and distribution are subject to the Boost Software License,
// Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
//
// See http://www.boost.org/libs/utility for most recent version including documentation.
//
// Crippled version for crippled compilers:
// see libs/utility/call_traits.htm
@ -33,7 +32,7 @@
namespace boost{
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES) || !defined(BOOST_NO_MEMBER_TEMPLATES)
#ifdef BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
//
// use member templates to emulate
// partial specialisation:
@ -64,7 +63,8 @@ struct reference_call_traits
typedef T const_reference;
typedef T param_type;
};
template <bool simple, bool reference>
template <bool pointer, bool arithmetic, bool reference>
struct call_traits_chooser
{
template <class T>
@ -73,8 +73,9 @@ struct call_traits_chooser
typedef standard_call_traits<T> type;
};
};
template <>
struct call_traits_chooser<true, false>
struct call_traits_chooser<true, false, false>
{
template <class T>
struct rebind
@ -82,8 +83,9 @@ struct call_traits_chooser<true, false>
typedef simple_call_traits<T> type;
};
};
template <>
struct call_traits_chooser<false, true>
struct call_traits_chooser<false, false, true>
{
template <class T>
struct rebind
@ -91,12 +93,50 @@ struct call_traits_chooser<false, true>
typedef reference_call_traits<T> type;
};
};
template <bool size_is_small>
struct call_traits_sizeof_chooser2
{
template <class T>
struct small_rebind
{
typedef simple_call_traits<T> small_type;
};
};
template<>
struct call_traits_sizeof_chooser2<false>
{
template <class T>
struct small_rebind
{
typedef standard_call_traits<T> small_type;
};
};
template <>
struct call_traits_chooser<false, true, false>
{
template <class T>
struct rebind
{
enum { sizeof_choice = (sizeof(T) <= sizeof(void*)) };
typedef call_traits_sizeof_chooser2<(sizeof(T) <= sizeof(void*))> chooser;
typedef typename chooser::template small_rebind<T> bound_type;
typedef typename bound_type::small_type type;
};
};
} // namespace detail
template <typename T>
struct call_traits
{
private:
typedef detail::call_traits_chooser<(is_pointer<T>::value || is_arithmetic<T>::value) && sizeof(T) <= sizeof(void*), is_reference<T>::value> chooser;
typedef detail::call_traits_chooser<
::boost::is_pointer<T>::value,
::boost::is_arithmetic<T>::value,
::boost::is_reference<T>::value
> chooser;
typedef typename chooser::template rebind<T> bound_type;
typedef typename bound_type::type call_traits_type;
public:

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@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
// (C) Copyright Steve Cleary, Beman Dawes, Howard Hinnant & John Maddock 2000.
// Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Use, modification and distribution are subject to the Boost Software License,
// Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
//
// See http://www.boost.org/libs/utility for most recent version including documentation.
// see libs/utility/compressed_pair.hpp
//
/* Release notes:
20 Jan 2001:
Fixed obvious bugs (David Abrahams)
07 Oct 2000:
Added better single argument constructor support.
07 Oct 2000:
Added better single argument constructor support.
03 Oct 2000:
Added VC6 support (JM).
23rd July 2000:
@ -38,7 +37,7 @@
namespace boost
{
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES) || !defined(BOOST_NO_MEMBER_TEMPLATES)
#ifdef BOOST_MSVC6_MEMBER_TEMPLATES
//
// use member templates to emulate
// partial specialisation. Note that due to
@ -168,7 +167,7 @@ public:
compressed_pair_1(const ::boost::compressed_pair<T1,T2>& x)
: T2(x.second()), _first(x.first()) {}
#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC) && BOOST_MSVC <= 1300
// Total weirdness. If the assignment to _first is moved after
// the call to the inherited operator=, then this breaks graph/test/graph.cpp
// by way of iterator_adaptor.
@ -293,22 +292,24 @@ public:
typedef typename call_traits<second_type>::const_reference second_const_reference;
compressed_pair_4() : T1() {}
compressed_pair_4(first_param_type x, second_param_type) : T1(x) {}
compressed_pair_4(first_param_type x, second_param_type y) : T1(x), m_second(y) {}
// only one single argument constructor since T1 == T2
explicit compressed_pair_4(first_param_type x) : T1(x) {}
explicit compressed_pair_4(first_param_type x) : T1(x), m_second(x) {}
compressed_pair_4(const ::boost::compressed_pair<T1,T2>& x)
: T1(x.first()){}
: T1(x.first()), m_second(x.second()) {}
first_reference first() { return *this; }
first_const_reference first() const { return *this; }
second_reference second() { return *this; }
second_const_reference second() const { return *this; }
second_reference second() { return m_second; }
second_const_reference second() const { return m_second; }
void swap(compressed_pair_4& y)
{
// no need to swap empty base classes:
}
private:
T2 m_second;
};
// T1 == T2, not empty

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@ -1,565 +0,0 @@
// Boost operators.hpp header file ----------------------------------------//
// (C) Copyright David Abrahams 1999. Permission to copy, use,
// modify, sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 11 Feb 01 Fixed bugs in the iterator helpers which prevented explicitly
// supplied arguments from actually being used (Dave Abrahams)
// 04 Jul 00 Fixed NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE bugs, major cleanup and
// refactoring of compiler workarounds, additional documentation
// (Alexy Gurtovoy and Mark Rodgers with some help and prompting from
// Dave Abrahams)
// 28 Jun 00 General cleanup and integration of bugfixes from Mark Rodgers and
// Jeremy Siek (Dave Abrahams)
// 20 Jun 00 Changes to accommodate Borland C++Builder 4 and Borland C++ 5.5
// (Mark Rodgers)
// 20 Jun 00 Minor fixes to the prior revision (Aleksey Gurtovoy)
// 10 Jun 00 Support for the base class chaining technique was added
// (Aleksey Gurtovoy). See documentation and the comments below
// for the details.
// 12 Dec 99 Initial version with iterator operators (Jeremy Siek)
// 18 Nov 99 Change name "divideable" to "dividable", remove unnecessary
// specializations of dividable, subtractable, modable (Ed Brey)
// 17 Nov 99 Add comments (Beman Dawes)
// Remove unnecessary specialization of operators<> (Ed Brey)
// 15 Nov 99 Fix less_than_comparable<T,U> second operand type for first two
// operators.(Beman Dawes)
// 12 Nov 99 Add operators templates (Ed Brey)
// 11 Nov 99 Add single template parameter version for compilers without
// partial specialization (Beman Dawes)
// 10 Nov 99 Initial version
// 10 Jun 00:
// An additional optional template parameter was added to most of
// operator templates to support the base class chaining technique (see
// documentation for the details). Unfortunately, a straightforward
// implementation of this change would have broken compatibility with the
// previous version of the library by making it impossible to use the same
// template name (e.g. 'addable') for both the 1- and 2-argument versions of
// an operator template. This implementation solves the backward-compatibility
// issue at the cost of some simplicity.
//
// One of the complications is an existence of special auxiliary class template
// 'is_chained_base<>' (see 'detail' namespace below), which is used
// to determine whether its template parameter is a library's operator template
// or not. You have to specialize 'is_chained_base<>' for each new
// operator template you add to the library.
//
// However, most of the non-trivial implementation details are hidden behind
// several local macros defined below, and as soon as you understand them,
// you understand the whole library implementation.
#ifndef BOOST_OPERATORS_HPP
#define BOOST_OPERATORS_HPP
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <boost/iterator.hpp>
#if defined(__sgi) && !defined(__GNUC__)
#pragma set woff 1234
#endif
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC)
# pragma warning( disable : 4284 ) // complaint about return type of
#endif // operator-> not begin a UDT
namespace boost {
namespace detail {
class empty_base {};
} // namespace detail
} // namespace boost
// In this section we supply the xxxx1 and xxxx2 forms of the operator
// templates, which are explicitly targeted at the 1-type-argument and
// 2-type-argument operator forms, respectively. Some compilers get confused
// when inline friend functions are overloaded in namespaces other than the
// global namespace. When BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE is defined, all of
// these templates must go in the global namespace.
#ifndef BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE
namespace boost
{
#endif
// Basic operator classes (contributed by Dave Abrahams) ------------------//
// Note that friend functions defined in a class are implicitly inline.
// See the C++ std, 11.4 [class.friend] paragraph 5
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct less_than_comparable2 : B
{
friend bool operator<=(const T& x, const U& y) { return !(x > y); }
friend bool operator>=(const T& x, const U& y) { return !(x < y); }
friend bool operator>(const U& x, const T& y) { return y < x; }
friend bool operator<(const U& x, const T& y) { return y > x; }
friend bool operator<=(const U& x, const T& y) { return !(y < x); }
friend bool operator>=(const U& x, const T& y) { return !(y > x); }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct less_than_comparable1 : B
{
friend bool operator>(const T& x, const T& y) { return y < x; }
friend bool operator<=(const T& x, const T& y) { return !(y < x); }
friend bool operator>=(const T& x, const T& y) { return !(x < y); }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct equality_comparable2 : B
{
friend bool operator==(const U& y, const T& x) { return x == y; }
friend bool operator!=(const U& y, const T& x) { return !(x == y); }
friend bool operator!=(const T& y, const U& x) { return !(y == x); }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct equality_comparable1 : B
{
friend bool operator!=(const T& x, const T& y) { return !(x == y); }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct multipliable2 : B
{
friend T operator*(T x, const U& y) { return x *= y; }
friend T operator*(const U& y, T x) { return x *= y; }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct multipliable1 : B
{
friend T operator*(T x, const T& y) { return x *= y; }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct addable2 : B
{
friend T operator+(T x, const U& y) { return x += y; }
friend T operator+(const U& y, T x) { return x += y; }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct addable1 : B
{
friend T operator+(T x, const T& y) { return x += y; }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct subtractable2 : B
{
friend T operator-(T x, const U& y) { return x -= y; }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct subtractable1 : B
{
friend T operator-(T x, const T& y) { return x -= y; }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct dividable2 : B
{
friend T operator/(T x, const U& y) { return x /= y; }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct dividable1 : B
{
friend T operator/(T x, const T& y) { return x /= y; }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct modable2 : B
{
friend T operator%(T x, const U& y) { return x %= y; }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct modable1 : B
{
friend T operator%(T x, const T& y) { return x %= y; }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct xorable2 : B
{
friend T operator^(T x, const U& y) { return x ^= y; }
friend T operator^(const U& y, T x) { return x ^= y; }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct xorable1 : B
{
friend T operator^(T x, const T& y) { return x ^= y; }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct andable2 : B
{
friend T operator&(T x, const U& y) { return x &= y; }
friend T operator&(const U& y, T x) { return x &= y; }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct andable1 : B
{
friend T operator&(T x, const T& y) { return x &= y; }
};
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct orable2 : B
{
friend T operator|(T x, const U& y) { return x |= y; }
friend T operator|(const U& y, T x) { return x |= y; }
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct orable1 : B
{
friend T operator|(T x, const T& y) { return x |= y; }
};
// incrementable and decrementable contributed by Jeremy Siek
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct incrementable : B
{
friend T operator++(T& x, int)
{
incrementable_type tmp(x);
++x;
return tmp;
}
private: // The use of this typedef works around a Borland bug
typedef T incrementable_type;
};
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct decrementable : B
{
friend T operator--(T& x, int)
{
decrementable_type tmp(x);
--x;
return tmp;
}
private: // The use of this typedef works around a Borland bug
typedef T decrementable_type;
};
// Iterator operator classes (contributed by Jeremy Siek) ------------------//
template <class T, class P, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct dereferenceable : B
{
P operator->() const
{
return &*static_cast<const T&>(*this);
}
};
template <class T, class I, class R, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct indexable : B
{
R operator[](I n) const
{
return *(static_cast<const T&>(*this) + n);
}
};
#ifndef BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE
} // namespace boost
#endif // BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE
// BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE1/BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE2 -
//
// When BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE is defined we need a way to import an
// operator template into the boost namespace. BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE1 is used
// for one-argument forms of operator templates; BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE2 for
// two-argument forms. Note that these macros expect to be invoked from within
// boost.
#if defined(BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE)
# if defined(BOOST_NO_USING_TEMPLATE)
// Because a Borland C++ 5.5 bug prevents a using declaration from working,
// we are forced to use inheritance for that compiler.
# define BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE2(template_name) \
template <class T, class U, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base> \
struct template_name : ::template_name<T, U, B> {};
# define BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE1(template_name) \
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base> \
struct template_name : ::template_name<T, B> {};
# else
// Otherwise, bring the names in with a using-declaration to avoid
// stressing the compiler
# define BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE2(template_name) using ::template_name;
# define BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE1(template_name) using ::template_name;
# endif // BOOST_NO_USING_TEMPLATE
#else // !BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE
// The template is already in boost so we have nothing to do.
# define BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE2(template_name)
# define BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE1(template_name)
#endif // BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE
//
// Here's where we put it all together, defining the xxxx forms of the templates
// in namespace boost. We also define specializations of is_chained_base<> for
// the xxxx, xxxx1, and xxxx2 templates, importing them into boost:: as
// neccessary.
//
#if !defined(BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION)
// is_chained_base<> - a traits class used to distinguish whether an operator
// template argument is being used for base class chaining, or is specifying a
// 2nd argument type.
namespace boost {
// A type parameter is used instead of a plain bool because Borland's compiler
// didn't cope well with the more obvious non-type template parameter.
namespace detail {
struct true_t {};
struct false_t {};
} // namespace detail
// Unspecialized version assumes that most types are not being used for base
// class chaining. We specialize for the operator templates defined in this
// library.
template<class T> struct is_chained_base {
typedef ::boost::detail::false_t value;
};
} // namespace boost
// Import a 2-type-argument operator template into boost (if neccessary) and
// provide a specialization of 'is_chained_base<>' for it.
# define BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE2(template_name2) \
BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE2(template_name2) \
template<class T, class U, class B> \
struct is_chained_base< ::boost::template_name2<T, U, B> > { \
typedef ::boost::detail::true_t value; \
};
// Import a 1-type-argument operator template into boost (if neccessary) and
// provide a specialization of 'is_chained_base<>' for it.
# define BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE1(template_name1) \
BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE1(template_name1) \
template<class T, class B> \
struct is_chained_base< ::boost::template_name1<T, B> > { \
typedef ::boost::detail::true_t value; \
};
// BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(template_name) defines template_name<> such that it
// can be used for specifying both 1-argument and 2-argument forms. Requires the
// existence of two previously defined class templates named '<template_name>1'
// and '<template_name>2' which must implement the corresponding 1- and 2-
// argument forms.
//
// The template type parameter O == is_chained_base<U>::value is used to
// distinguish whether the 2nd argument to <template_name> is being used for
// base class chaining from another boost operator template or is describing a
// 2nd operand type. O == true_t only when U is actually an another operator
// template from the library. Partial specialization is used to select an
// implementation in terms of either '<template_name>1' or '<template_name>2'.
//
# define BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(template_name) \
template <class T \
,class U = T \
,class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base \
,class O = typename is_chained_base<U>::value \
> \
struct template_name : template_name##2<T, U, B> {}; \
\
template<class T, class U, class B> \
struct template_name<T, U, B, ::boost::detail::true_t> \
: template_name##1<T, U> {}; \
\
template <class T, class B> \
struct template_name<T, T, B, ::boost::detail::false_t> \
: template_name##1<T, B> {}; \
\
template<class T, class U, class B, class O> \
struct is_chained_base< ::boost::template_name<T, U, B, O> > { \
typedef ::boost::detail::true_t value; \
}; \
\
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE2(template_name##2) \
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE1(template_name##1)
#else // BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
# define BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE2(template_name2) \
BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE2(template_name2)
# define BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE1(template_name1) \
BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE1(template_name1)
// In this case we can only assume that template_name<> is equivalent to the
// more commonly needed template_name1<> form.
# define BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(template_name) \
template <class T, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base> \
struct template_name : template_name##1<T, B> {};
#endif // BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
namespace boost {
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(less_than_comparable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(equality_comparable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(multipliable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(addable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(subtractable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(dividable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(modable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(xorable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(andable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE(orable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE1(incrementable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE1(decrementable)
BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE2(dereferenceable)
// indexable doesn't follow the patterns above (it has 4 template arguments), so
// we just write out the compiler hacks explicitly.
#ifdef BOOST_NO_OPERATORS_IN_NAMESPACE
# ifdef BOOST_NO_USING_TEMPLATE
template <class T, class I, class R, class B = ::boost::detail::empty_base>
struct indexable : ::indexable<T,I,R,B> {};
# else
using ::indexable;
# endif
#endif
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
template <class T, class I, class R, class B>
struct is_chained_base< ::boost::indexable<T, I, R, B> > {
typedef ::boost::detail::true_t operator_template_type;
};
#endif
#undef BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE
#undef BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE2
#undef BOOST_OPERATOR_TEMPLATE1
#undef BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE1
#undef BOOST_IMPORT_TEMPLATE2
// The following 'operators' classes can only be used portably if the derived class
// declares ALL of the required member operators.
template <class T, class U>
struct operators2
: less_than_comparable2<T,U
, equality_comparable2<T,U
, addable2<T,U
, subtractable2<T,U
, multipliable2<T,U
, dividable2<T,U
, modable2<T,U
, orable2<T,U
, andable2<T,U
, xorable2<T,U
> > > > > > > > > > {};
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
template <class T, class U = T>
struct operators : operators2<T, U> {};
template <class T> struct operators<T, T>
#else
template <class T> struct operators
#endif
: less_than_comparable<T
, equality_comparable<T
, addable<T
, subtractable<T
, multipliable<T
, dividable<T
, modable<T
, orable<T
, andable<T
, xorable<T
, incrementable<T
, decrementable<T
> > > > > > > > > > > > {};
// Iterator helper classes (contributed by Jeremy Siek) -------------------//
template <class T,
class V,
class D = std::ptrdiff_t,
class P = V*,
class R = V&>
struct forward_iterator_helper
: equality_comparable<T
, incrementable<T
, dereferenceable<T,P
, boost::iterator<std::forward_iterator_tag,V,D,P,R
> > > > {};
template <class T,
class V,
class D = std::ptrdiff_t,
class P = V*,
class R = V&>
struct bidirectional_iterator_helper
: equality_comparable<T
, incrementable<T
, decrementable<T
, dereferenceable<T,P
, boost::iterator<std::bidirectional_iterator_tag,V,D,P,R
> > > > > {};
template <class T,
class V,
class D = std::ptrdiff_t,
class P = V*,
class R = V&>
struct random_access_iterator_helper
: equality_comparable<T
, less_than_comparable<T
, incrementable<T
, decrementable<T
, dereferenceable<T,P
, addable2<T,D
, subtractable2<T,D
, indexable<T,D,R
, boost::iterator<std::random_access_iterator_tag,V,D,P,R
> > > > > > > > >
{
#ifndef __BORLANDC__
friend D requires_difference_operator(const T& x, const T& y) {
return x - y;
}
#endif
}; // random_access_iterator_helper
} // namespace boost
#if defined(__sgi) && !defined(__GNUC__)
#pragma reset woff 1234
#endif
#endif // BOOST_OPERATORS_HPP

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@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
// boost utility.hpp header file -------------------------------------------//
// (C) Copyright boost.org 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell
// and distribute this software is granted provided this copyright
// notice appears in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without
// express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
// any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Classes appear in alphabetical order
// Revision History
// 26 Jan 00 protected noncopyable destructor added (Miki Jovanovic)
// 10 Dec 99 next() and prior() templates added (Dave Abrahams)
// 30 Aug 99 moved cast templates to cast.hpp (Beman Dawes)
// 3 Aug 99 cast templates added
// 20 Jul 99 name changed to utility.hpp
// 9 Jun 99 protected noncopyable default ctor
// 2 Jun 99 Initial Version. Class noncopyable only contents (Dave Abrahams)
#ifndef BOOST_UTILITY_HPP
#define BOOST_UTILITY_HPP
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <cstddef> // for size_t
#include <utility> // for std::pair
namespace boost
{
// next() and prior() template functions -----------------------------------//
// Helper functions for classes like bidirectional iterators not supporting
// operator+ and operator-.
//
// Usage:
// const std::list<T>::iterator p = get_some_iterator();
// const std::list<T>::iterator prev = boost::prior(p);
// Contributed by Dave Abrahams
template <class T>
T next(T x) { return ++x; }
template <class T>
T prior(T x) { return --x; }
// class noncopyable -------------------------------------------------------//
// Private copy constructor and copy assignment ensure classes derived from
// class noncopyable cannot be copied.
// Contributed by Dave Abrahams
class noncopyable
{
protected:
noncopyable(){}
~noncopyable(){}
private: // emphasize the following members are private
noncopyable( const noncopyable& );
const noncopyable& operator=( const noncopyable& );
}; // noncopyable
// class tied -------------------------------------------------------//
// A helper for conveniently assigning the two values from a pair
// into separate variables. The idea for this comes from Jaakko J<>rvi's
// Binder/Lambda Library.
// Constributed by Jeremy Siek
template <class A, class B>
class tied {
public:
inline tied(A& a, B& b) : _a(a), _b(b) { }
template <class U, class V>
inline tied& operator=(const std::pair<U,V>& p) {
_a = p.first;
_b = p.second;
return *this;
}
protected:
A& _a;
B& _b;
};
template <class A, class B>
inline tied<A,B> tie(A& a, B& b) { return tied<A,B>(a, b); }
} // namespace boost
#endif // BOOST_UTILITY_HPP

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<h1>Indirect Iterator Adaptor</h1>
Defined in header <a href=
"../../boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp">boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp</a>
<p>The indirect iterator adaptor augments an iterator by applying an
<b>extra</b> dereference inside of <tt>operator*()</tt>. For example, this
iterator makes it possible to view a container of pointers or
smart-pointers (e.g. <tt>std::list&lt;boost::shared_ptr&lt;foo&gt;
&gt;</tt>) as if it were a container of the pointed-to type. The following
<b>pseudo-code</b> shows the basic idea of the indirect iterator:
<blockquote>
<pre>
// inside a hypothetical indirect_iterator class...
typedef std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::value_type Pointer;
typedef std::iterator_traits&lt;Pointer&gt;::reference reference;
reference indirect_iterator::operator*() const {
return **this-&gt;base_iterator;
}
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<blockquote>
<pre>
namespace boost {
template &lt;class BaseIterator,
class Value, class Reference, class Category, class Pointer&gt;
struct indirect_iterator_generator;
template &lt;class BaseIterator,
class Value, class Reference, class ConstReference,
class Category, class Pointer, class ConstPointer&gt;
struct indirect_iterator_pair_generator;
template &lt;class BaseIterator&gt;
typename indirect_iterator_generator&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::type
make_indirect_iterator(BaseIterator base)
}
</pre>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h2><a name="indirect_iterator_generator">The Indirect Iterator Type
Generator</a></h2>
The <tt>indirect_iterator_generator</tt> template is a <a href=
"../../more/generic_programming.html#type_generator">generator</a> of
indirect iterator types. The main template parameter for this class is the
<tt>BaseIterator</tt> type that is being wrapped. In most cases the type of
the elements being pointed to can be deduced using
<tt>std::iterator_traits</tt>, but in some situations the user may want to
override this type, so there are also template parameters that allow a user
to control the <tt>value_type</tt>, <tt>pointer</tt>, and
<tt>reference</tt> types of the resulting iterators.
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class BaseIterator,
class Value, class Reference, class Pointer&gt;
class indirect_iterator_generator
{
public:
typedef <tt><a href=
"./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt;...&gt;</tt> type; // the resulting indirect iterator type
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Example</h3>
This example uses the <tt>indirect_iterator_generator</tt> to create
indirect iterators which dereference the pointers stored in the
<tt>pointers_to_chars</tt> array to access the <tt>char</tt>s in the
<tt>characters</tt> array.
<blockquote>
<pre>
#include &lt;boost/config.hpp&gt;
#include &lt;vector&gt;
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;iterator&gt;
#include &lt;boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp&gt;
int main(int, char*[])
{
char characters[] = "abcdefg";
const int N = sizeof(characters)/sizeof(char) - 1; // -1 since characters has a null char
char* pointers_to_chars[N]; // at the end.
for (int i = 0; i &lt; N; ++i)
pointers_to_chars[i] = &amp;characters[i];
boost::indirect_iterator_generator&lt;char**, char&gt;::type
indirect_first(pointers_to_chars), indirect_last(pointers_to_chars + N);
std::copy(indirect_first, indirect_last, std::ostream_iterator&lt;char&gt;(std::cout, ","));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// to be continued...
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<table border>
<tr>
<th>Parameter
<th>Description
<tr>
<td><tt>BaseIterator</tt>
<td>The iterator type being wrapped. The <tt>value_type</tt>
of the base iterator should itself be dereferenceable.
The return type of the <tt>operator*</tt> for the
<tt>value_type</tt> should match the <tt>Reference</tt> type.
<tr>
<td><tt>Value</tt>
<td>The <tt>value_type</tt> of the resulting iterator, unless const. If
Value is <tt>const X</tt>, a conforming compiler makes the
<tt>value_type</tt> <tt><i>non-</i>const X</tt><a href=
"iterator_adaptors.htm#1">[1]</a>. Note that if the default
is used for <tt>Value</tt>, then there must be a valid specialization
of <tt>iterator_traits</tt> for the value type of the base iterator.
<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;<br>
<20> std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::value_type
&gt;::value_type</tt><a href="#2">[2]</a>
<tr>
<td><tt>Reference</tt>
<td>The <tt>reference</tt> type of the resulting iterator, and in
particular, the result type of <tt>operator*()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>Value&amp;</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>Pointer</tt>
<td>The <tt>pointer</tt> type of the resulting iterator, and in
particular, the result type of <tt>operator-&gt;()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>Value*</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>Category</tt>
<td>The <tt>iterator_category</tt> type for the resulting iterator.<br>
<b>Default:</b>
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::iterator_category</tt>
</table>
<h3>Concept Model</h3>
The indirect iterator will model whichever <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Iterators.html">standard iterator
concept category</a> is modeled by the base iterator. Thus, if the
base iterator is a model of <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a> then so is the resulting indirect iterator. If
the base iterator models a more restrictive concept, the resulting
indirect iterator will model the same concept <a href="#3">[3]</a>.
<h3>Members</h3>
The indirect iterator type implements the member functions and operators
required of the <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access
Iterator</a> concept. In addition it has the following constructor:
<pre>
explicit indirect_iterator_generator::type(const BaseIterator&amp; it)
</pre>
<br>
<br>
<hr>
<p>
<h2><a name="indirect_iterator_pair_generator">The Indirect Iterator Pair
Generator</a></h2>
Sometimes a pair of <tt>const</tt>/non-<tt>const</tt> pair of iterators is
needed, such as when implementing a container. The
<tt>indirect_iterator_pair_generator</tt> class makes it more convenient to
create this pair of iterator types.
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class BaseIterator,
class Value, class Pointer, class Reference,
class ConstPointer, class ConstReference&gt;
class indirect_iterator_pair_generator
{
public:
typedef <tt><a href=
"./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt;...&gt;</tt> iterator; // the mutable indirect iterator type
typedef <tt><a href=
"./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt;...&gt;</tt> const_iterator; // the immutable indirect iterator type
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Example</h3>
<blockquote>
<pre>
// continuing from the last example...
typedef boost::indirect_iterator_pair_generator&lt;char**,
char, char*, char&amp;, const char*, const char&amp;&gt; PairGen;
char mutable_characters[N];
char* pointers_to_mutable_chars[N];
for (int i = 0; i &lt; N; ++i)
pointers_to_mutable_chars[i] = &amp;mutable_characters[i];
PairGen::iterator mutable_indirect_first(pointers_to_mutable_chars),
mutable_indirect_last(pointers_to_mutable_chars + N);
PairGen::const_iterator const_indirect_first(pointers_to_chars),
const_indirect_last(pointers_to_chars + N);
std::transform(const_indirect_first, const_indirect_last,
mutable_indirect_first, std::bind1st(std::plus&lt;char&gt;(), 1));
std::copy(mutable_indirect_first, mutable_indirect_last,
std::ostream_iterator&lt;char&gt;(std::cout, ","));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// to be continued...
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The output is:
<blockquote>
<pre>
b,c,d,e,f,g,h,
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<table border>
<tr>
<th>Parameter
<th>Description
<tr>
<td><tt>BaseIterator</tt>
<td>The iterator type being wrapped. The <tt>value_type</tt> of the
base iterator should itself be dereferenceable.
The return type of the <tt>operator*</tt> for the
<tt>value_type</tt> should match the <tt>Reference</tt> type.
<tr>
<td><tt>Value</tt>
<td>The <tt>value_type</tt> of the resulting iterators.
If Value is <tt>const X</tt>, a conforming compiler makes the
<tt>value_type</tt> <tt><i>non-</i>const X</tt><a href=
"iterator_adaptors.htm#1">[1]</a>. Note that if the default
is used for <tt>Value</tt>, then there must be a valid
specialization of <tt>iterator_traits</tt> for the value type
of the base iterator.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;<br>
<20> std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::value_type
&gt;::value_type</tt><a href="#2">[2]</a>
<tr>
<td><tt>Reference</tt>
<td>The <tt>reference</tt> type of the resulting <tt>iterator</tt>, and
in particular, the result type of its <tt>operator*()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>Value&amp;</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>Pointer</tt>
<td>The <tt>pointer</tt> type of the resulting <tt>iterator</tt>, and
in particular, the result type of its <tt>operator-&gt;()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>Value*</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>ConstReference</tt>
<td>The <tt>reference</tt> type of the resulting
<tt>const_iterator</tt>, and in particular, the result type of its
<tt>operator*()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>const Value&amp;</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>ConstPointer</tt>
<td>The <tt>pointer</tt> type of the resulting <tt>const_iterator</tt>,
and in particular, the result type of its <tt>operator-&gt;()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> <tt>const Value*</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>Category</tt>
<td>The <tt>iterator_category</tt> type for the resulting iterator.<br>
<b>Default:</b>
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::iterator_category</tt>
</table>
<h3>Concept Model</h3>
The indirect iterators will model whichever <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Iterators.html">standard iterator
concept category</a> is modeled by the base iterator. Thus, if the
base iterator is a model of <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a> then so are the resulting indirect
iterators. If the base iterator models a more restrictive concept,
the resulting indirect iterators will model the same concept <a
href="#3">[3]</a>.
<h3>Members</h3>
The resulting <tt>iterator</tt> and <tt>const_iterator</tt> types implement
the member functions and operators required of the <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access
Iterator</a> concept. In addition they support the following constructors:
<blockquote>
<pre>
explicit indirect_iterator_pair_generator::iterator(const BaseIterator&amp; it)
explicit indirect_iterator_pair_generator::const_iterator(const BaseIterator&amp; it)
</pre>
</blockquote>
<br>
<br>
<hr>
<p>
<h2><a name="make_indirect_iterator">The Indirect Iterator Object
Generator</a></h2>
The <tt>make_indirect_iterator()</tt> function provides a more convenient
way to create indirect iterator objects. The function saves the user the
trouble of explicitly writing out the iterator types.
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class BaseIterator&gt;
typename indirect_iterator_generator&lt;BaseIterator&gt;::type
make_indirect_iterator(BaseIterator base)
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Example</h3>
Here we again print the <tt>char</tt>s from the array <tt>characters</tt>
by accessing them through the array of pointers <tt>pointer_to_chars</tt>,
but this time we use the <tt>make_indirect_iterator()</tt> function which
saves us some typing.
<blockquote>
<pre>
// continuing from the last example...
std::copy(boost::make_indirect_iterator(pointers_to_chars),
boost::make_indirect_iterator(pointers_to_chars + N),
std::ostream_iterator&lt;char&gt;(std::cout, ","));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
return 0;
}
</pre>
</blockquote>
The output is:
<blockquote>
<pre>
a,b,c,d,e,f,g,
</pre>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h3>Notes</h3>
<p>
<p><a name="2">[2]</a> If your compiler does not support partial
specialization and the base iterator or its <tt>value_type</tt> is a
builtin pointer type, you will not be able to use the default for
<tt>Value</tt> and will need to specify this type explicitly.
<p><a name="3">[3]</a>There is a caveat to which concept the
indirect iterator can model. If the return type of the
<tt>operator*</tt> for the base iterator's value type is not a
true reference, then strickly speaking, the indirect iterator can
not be a model of <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html">Forward
Iterator</a> or any of the concepts that refine it. In this case
the <tt>Category</tt> for the indirect iterator should be
specified as <tt>std::input_iterator_tag</tt>. However, even in
this case, if the base iterator is a random access iterator, the
resulting indirect iterator will still satisfy most of the
requirements for <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a>.
<hr>
<p>Revised
<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->28 Feb 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14390" -->
<p>&copy; Copyright Jeremy Siek and David Abrahams 2001. Permission to
copy, use, modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided
this copyright notice appears in all copies. This document is provided "as
is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its
suitability for any purpose.
<!-- LocalWords: html charset alt gif hpp BaseIterator const namespace struct
-->
<!-- LocalWords: ConstPointer ConstReference typename iostream int abcdefg
-->
<!-- LocalWords: sizeof PairGen pre Jeremy Siek David Abrahams
-->
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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <functional>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
int main(int, char*[])
{
char characters[] = "abcdefg";
const int N = sizeof(characters)/sizeof(char) - 1; // -1 since characters has a null char
char* pointers_to_chars[N]; // at the end.
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
pointers_to_chars[i] = &characters[i];
// Example of using indirect_iterator_generator
boost::indirect_iterator_generator<char**, char>::type
indirect_first(pointers_to_chars), indirect_last(pointers_to_chars + N);
std::copy(indirect_first, indirect_last, std::ostream_iterator<char>(std::cout, ","));
std::cout << std::endl;
// Example of using indirect_iterator_pair_generator
typedef boost::indirect_iterator_pair_generator<char**,
char, char*, char&, const char*, const char&> PairGen;
char mutable_characters[N];
char* pointers_to_mutable_chars[N];
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
pointers_to_mutable_chars[i] = &mutable_characters[i];
PairGen::iterator mutable_indirect_first(pointers_to_mutable_chars),
mutable_indirect_last(pointers_to_mutable_chars + N);
PairGen::const_iterator const_indirect_first(pointers_to_chars),
const_indirect_last(pointers_to_chars + N);
std::transform(const_indirect_first, const_indirect_last,
mutable_indirect_first, std::bind1st(std::plus<char>(), 1));
std::copy(mutable_indirect_first, mutable_indirect_last,
std::ostream_iterator<char>(std::cout, ","));
std::cout << std::endl;
// Example of using make_indirect_iterator()
std::copy(boost::make_indirect_iterator(pointers_to_chars),
boost::make_indirect_iterator(pointers_to_chars + N),
std::ostream_iterator<char>(std::cout, ","));
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// Revision History
// 08 Mar 2001 Jeremy Siek
// Moved test of indirect iterator into its own file. It to
// to be in iterator_adaptor_test.cpp.
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
#include <boost/pending/iterator_tests.hpp>
#include <boost/concept_archetype.hpp>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <deque>
#include <set>
struct my_iterator_tag : public std::random_access_iterator_tag { };
using boost::dummyT;
typedef std::deque<int> storage;
typedef std::deque<int*> pointer_deque;
typedef std::set<storage::iterator> iterator_set;
void more_indirect_iterator_tests()
{
// For some reason all heck breaks loose in the compiler under these conditions.
#if !defined(BOOST_MSVC) || !defined(__STL_DEBUG)
storage store(1000);
std::generate(store.begin(), store.end(), rand);
pointer_deque ptr_deque;
iterator_set iter_set;
for (storage::iterator p = store.begin(); p != store.end(); ++p)
{
ptr_deque.push_back(&*p);
iter_set.insert(p);
}
typedef boost::indirect_iterator_pair_generator<
pointer_deque::iterator
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
, int
#endif
> IndirectDeque;
IndirectDeque::iterator db(ptr_deque.begin());
IndirectDeque::iterator de(ptr_deque.end());
assert(static_cast<std::size_t>(de - db) == store.size());
assert(db + store.size() == de);
IndirectDeque::const_iterator dci(db);
assert(db == dci);
assert(dci == db);
assert(dci != de);
assert(dci < de);
assert(dci <= de);
assert(de >= dci);
assert(de > dci);
dci = de;
assert(dci == de);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(db + 1, store.size() - 1, boost::next(store.begin()));
*db = 999;
assert(store.front() == 999);
// Borland C++ is getting very confused about the typedef's here
typedef boost::indirect_iterator_generator<
iterator_set::iterator
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
, int
#endif
>::type indirect_set_iterator;
typedef boost::indirect_iterator_generator<
iterator_set::iterator,
const int
>::type const_indirect_set_iterator;
indirect_set_iterator sb(iter_set.begin());
indirect_set_iterator se(iter_set.end());
const_indirect_set_iterator sci(iter_set.begin());
assert(sci == sb);
assert(sci != se);
sci = se;
assert(sci == se);
*boost::prior(se) = 888;
assert(store.back() == 888);
assert(std::equal(sb, se, store.begin()));
boost::bidirectional_iterator_test(boost::next(sb), store[1], store[2]);
assert(std::equal(db, de, store.begin()));
#endif
}
int
main()
{
dummyT array[] = { dummyT(0), dummyT(1), dummyT(2),
dummyT(3), dummyT(4), dummyT(5) };
const int N = sizeof(array)/sizeof(dummyT);
// Test indirect_iterator_generator
{
dummyT* ptr[N];
for (int k = 0; k < N; ++k)
ptr[k] = array + k;
typedef boost::indirect_iterator_generator<dummyT**
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
, dummyT
#endif
>::type indirect_iterator;
typedef boost::indirect_iterator_generator<dummyT**, const dummyT>::type const_indirect_iterator;
indirect_iterator i(ptr);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(i, N, array);
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_indirect_iterator(ptr), N, array);
#endif
// check operator->
assert((*i).m_x == i->foo());
const_indirect_iterator j(ptr);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(j, N, array);
dummyT*const* const_ptr = ptr;
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_indirect_iterator(const_ptr), N, array);
#endif
boost::const_nonconst_iterator_test(i, ++j);
more_indirect_iterator_tests();
}
std::cout << "test successful " << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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// Test boost/pending/iterator_adaptors.hpp
// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 21 Jan 01 Initial version (Jeremy Siek)
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <list>
#include <boost/pending/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
int main()
{
typedef boost::iterator_adaptor<std::list<int>::iterator,
boost::default_iterator_policies,
int,int&,int*,std::bidirectional_iterator_tag> adaptor_type;
adaptor_type i;
i += 4;
return 0;
}

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// Test boost/pending/iterator_adaptors.hpp
// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 21 Jan 01 Initial version (Jeremy Siek)
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <boost/pending/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
int main()
{
typedef boost::iterator_adaptor<std::istream_iterator<int>,
boost::default_iterator_policies,
int,int&,int*,std::input_iterator_tag> adaptor_type;
adaptor_type iter;
--iter;
return 0;
}

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// 8 Mar 2001 Jeremy Siek
// Initial checkin.
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
#include <boost/pending/iterator_tests.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
class bar { };
void foo(bar) { }
int
main()
{
using boost::dummyT;
dummyT array[] = { dummyT(0), dummyT(1), dummyT(2),
dummyT(3), dummyT(4), dummyT(5) };
typedef boost::iterator_adaptor<dummyT*,
boost::default_iterator_policies, dummyT> my_iter;
my_iter mi(array);
{
typedef boost::iterator_adaptor<my_iter, boost::default_iterator_policies,
boost::iterator_traits_generator
::reference<dummyT>
::iterator_category<std::input_iterator_tag> > iter_type;
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT((boost::is_same<iter_type::iterator_category*,
std::input_iterator_tag*>::value));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( ! boost::is_convertible<iter_type::iterator_category*,
std::forward_iterator_tag*>::value));
iter_type i(mi);
boost::input_iterator_test(i, dummyT(0), dummyT(1));
}
{
typedef boost::iterator_adaptor<dummyT*,
boost::default_iterator_policies,
boost::iterator_traits_generator
::value_type<dummyT>
::reference<const dummyT&>
::pointer<const dummyT*>
::iterator_category<std::forward_iterator_tag>
::difference_type<std::ptrdiff_t> > adaptor_type;
adaptor_type i(array);
boost::input_iterator_test(i, dummyT(0), dummyT(1));
int zero = 0;
if (zero) // don't do this, just make sure it compiles
assert((*i).m_x == i->foo());
}
return 0;
}

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
#include <functional>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/pending/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
#include <boost/pending/integer_range.hpp>
int
main(int, char*[])
{
// This is a simple example of using the transform_iterators class to
// generate iterators that multiply the value returned by dereferencing
// the iterator. In this case we are multiplying by 2.
// Would be cooler to use lambda library in this example.
int x[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
typedef std::binder1st< std::multiplies<int> > Function;
typedef boost::transform_iterator<Function, int*,
boost::iterator<std::random_access_iterator_tag, int>
>::type doubling_iterator;
doubling_iterator i(x, std::bind1st(std::multiplies<int>(), 2)),
i_end(x + sizeof(x)/sizeof(int), std::bind1st(std::multiplies<int>(), 2));
std::cout << "multiplying the array by 2:" << std::endl;
while (i != i_end)
std::cout << *i++ << " ";
std::cout << std::endl;
// Here is an example of counting from 0 to 5 using the integer_range class.
boost::integer_range<int> r(0,5);
std::cout << "counting to from 0 to 4:" << std::endl;
std::copy(r.begin(), r.end(), std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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// Test boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp
// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 08 Mar 01 Moved indirect and transform tests to separate files.
// (Jeremy Siek)
// 19 Feb 01 Take adavantage of improved iterator_traits to do more tests
// on MSVC. Hack around an MSVC-with-STLport internal compiler
// error. (David Abrahams)
// 11 Feb 01 Added test of operator-> for forward and input iterators.
// (Jeremy Siek)
// 11 Feb 01 Borland fixes (David Abrahams)
// 10 Feb 01 Use new adaptors interface. (David Abrahams)
// 10 Feb 01 Use new filter_ interface. (David Abrahams)
// 09 Feb 01 Use new reverse_ and indirect_ interfaces. Replace
// BOOST_NO_STD_ITERATOR_TRAITS with
// BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION to prove we've
// normalized to core compiler capabilities (David Abrahams)
// 08 Feb 01 Use Jeremy's new make_reverse_iterator form; add more
// comprehensive testing. Force-decay array function arguments to
// pointers.
// 07 Feb 01 Added tests for the make_xxx_iterator() helper functions.
// (Jeremy Siek)
// 07 Feb 01 Replaced use of xxx_pair_generator with xxx_generator where
// possible (which was all but the projection iterator).
// (Jeremy Siek)
// 06 Feb 01 Removed now-defaulted template arguments where possible
// Updated names to correspond to new generator naming convention.
// Added a trivial test for make_transform_iterator().
// Gave traits for const iterators a mutable value_type, per std.
// Resurrected my original tests for indirect iterators.
// (David Abrahams)
// 04 Feb 01 Fix for compilers without standard iterator_traits
// (David Abrahams)
// 13 Jun 00 Added const version of the iterator tests (Jeremy Siek)
// 12 Dec 99 Initial version with iterator operators (Jeremy Siek)
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
#include <boost/pending/iterator_tests.hpp>
#include <boost/pending/integer_range.hpp>
#include <boost/concept_archetype.hpp>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <set>
struct my_iterator_tag : public std::random_access_iterator_tag { };
using boost::dummyT;
struct mult_functor {
typedef int result_type;
typedef int argument_type;
// Functors used with transform_iterator must be
// DefaultConstructible, as the transform_iterator must be
// DefaultConstructible to satisfy the requirements for
// TrivialIterator.
mult_functor() { }
mult_functor(int aa) : a(aa) { }
int operator()(int b) const { return a * b; }
int a;
};
template <class Pair>
struct select1st_
: public std::unary_function<Pair, typename Pair::first_type>
{
const typename Pair::first_type& operator()(const Pair& x) const {
return x.first;
}
typename Pair::first_type& operator()(Pair& x) const {
return x.first;
}
};
struct one_or_four {
bool operator()(dummyT x) const {
return x.foo() == 1 || x.foo() == 4;
}
};
typedef std::deque<int> storage;
typedef std::deque<int*> pointer_deque;
typedef std::set<storage::iterator> iterator_set;
int
main()
{
dummyT array[] = { dummyT(0), dummyT(1), dummyT(2),
dummyT(3), dummyT(4), dummyT(5) };
const int N = sizeof(array)/sizeof(dummyT);
// sanity check, if this doesn't pass the test is buggy
boost::random_access_iterator_test(array,N,array);
// Check that the policy concept checks and the default policy
// implementation match up.
boost::function_requires<
boost::RandomAccessIteratorPoliciesConcept<
boost::default_iterator_policies, int*,
boost::iterator<std::random_access_iterator_tag, int, std::ptrdiff_t,
int*, int&>
> >();
// Test the iterator_adaptor
{
boost::iterator_adaptor<dummyT*, boost::default_iterator_policies, dummyT> i(array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(i, N, array);
boost::iterator_adaptor<const dummyT*, boost::default_iterator_policies, const dummyT> j(array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(j, N, array);
boost::const_nonconst_iterator_test(i, ++j);
}
// Test projection_iterator_pair_generator
{
typedef std::pair<dummyT,dummyT> Pair;
Pair pair_array[N];
for (int k = 0; k < N; ++k)
pair_array[k].first = array[k];
typedef boost::projection_iterator_pair_generator<select1st_<Pair>,
Pair*, const Pair*
> Projection;
Projection::iterator i(pair_array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(i, N, array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_projection_iterator(pair_array, select1st_<Pair>()), N, array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_projection_iterator< select1st_<Pair> >(pair_array), N, array);
Projection::const_iterator j(pair_array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(j, N, array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_const_projection_iterator(pair_array, select1st_<Pair>()), N, array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_const_projection_iterator<select1st_<Pair> >(pair_array), N, array);
boost::const_nonconst_iterator_test(i, ++j);
}
// Test reverse_iterator_generator
{
dummyT reversed[N];
std::copy(array, array + N, reversed);
std::reverse(reversed, reversed + N);
typedef boost::reverse_iterator_generator<dummyT*
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
, dummyT
#endif
>::type reverse_iterator;
reverse_iterator i(reversed + N);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(i, N, array);
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_reverse_iterator(reversed + N), N, array);
#endif
typedef boost::reverse_iterator_generator<const dummyT*
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
, const dummyT
#endif
>::type const_reverse_iterator;
const_reverse_iterator j(reversed + N);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(j, N, array);
const dummyT* const_reversed = reversed;
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_reverse_iterator(const_reversed + N), N, array);
#endif
boost::const_nonconst_iterator_test(i, ++j);
}
// Test reverse_iterator_generator again, with traits fully deducible on all platforms
{
std::deque<dummyT> reversed_container;
std::reverse_copy(array, array + N, std::back_inserter(reversed_container));
const std::deque<dummyT>::iterator reversed = reversed_container.begin();
typedef boost::reverse_iterator_generator<
std::deque<dummyT>::iterator>::type reverse_iterator;
typedef boost::reverse_iterator_generator<
std::deque<dummyT>::const_iterator, const dummyT>::type const_reverse_iterator;
// MSVC/STLport gives an INTERNAL COMPILER ERROR when any computation
// (e.g. "reversed + N") is used in the constructor below.
const std::deque<dummyT>::iterator finish = reversed_container.end();
reverse_iterator i(finish);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(i, N, array);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_reverse_iterator(reversed + N), N, array);
const_reverse_iterator j = reverse_iterator(finish);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(j, N, array);
const std::deque<dummyT>::const_iterator const_reversed = reversed;
boost::random_access_iterator_test(boost::make_reverse_iterator(const_reversed + N), N, array);
// Many compilers' builtin deque iterators don't interoperate well, though
// STLport fixes that problem.
#if defined(__SGI_STL_PORT) || !defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__BORLANDC__) && !defined(BOOST_MSVC)
boost::const_nonconst_iterator_test(i, ++j);
#endif
}
// Test integer_range's iterators
{
int int_array[] = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
boost::integer_range<int> r(0, 5);
boost::random_access_iterator_test(r.begin(), r.size(), int_array);
}
// Test filter iterator
{
// Using typedefs for filter_gen::type confused Borland terribly.
typedef boost::detail::non_bidirectional_category<dummyT*>::type category;
typedef boost::filter_iterator_generator<one_or_four, dummyT*
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
, dummyT
#endif
>::type filter_iter;
#if defined(__BORLANDC__)
// Borland is choking on accessing the policies_type explicitly
// from the filter_iter.
boost::forward_iterator_test(make_filter_iterator(array, array+N,
one_or_four()),
dummyT(1), dummyT(4));
#else
filter_iter i(array, filter_iter::policies_type(one_or_four(), array + N));
boost::forward_iterator_test(i, dummyT(1), dummyT(4));
#endif
#if !defined(__BORLANDC__)
//
enum { is_forward = boost::is_same<
filter_iter::iterator_category,
std::forward_iterator_tag>::value };
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(is_forward);
#endif
// On compilers not supporting partial specialization, we can do more type
// deduction with deque iterators than with pointers... unless the library
// is broken ;-(
#if !defined(BOOST_MSVC) || defined(__SGI_STL_PORT)
std::deque<dummyT> array2;
std::copy(array+0, array+N, std::back_inserter(array2));
boost::forward_iterator_test(
boost::make_filter_iterator(array2.begin(), array2.end(), one_or_four()),
dummyT(1), dummyT(4));
boost::forward_iterator_test(
boost::make_filter_iterator<one_or_four>(array2.begin(), array2.end()),
dummyT(1), dummyT(4));
#endif
#if !defined(BOOST_MSVC) // This just freaks MSVC out completely
boost::forward_iterator_test(
boost::make_filter_iterator<one_or_four>(
boost::make_reverse_iterator(array2.end()),
boost::make_reverse_iterator(array2.begin())
),
dummyT(4), dummyT(1));
#endif
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
boost::forward_iterator_test(
boost::make_filter_iterator(array+0, array+N, one_or_four()),
dummyT(1), dummyT(4));
boost::forward_iterator_test(
boost::make_filter_iterator<one_or_four>(array, array + N),
dummyT(1), dummyT(4));
#endif
}
// check operator-> with a forward iterator
{
boost::forward_iterator_archetype<dummyT> forward_iter;
#if defined(__BORLANDC__)
typedef boost::iterator_adaptor<boost::forward_iterator_archetype<dummyT>,
boost::default_iterator_policies,
dummyT, const dummyT&, const dummyT*,
std::forward_iterator_tag, std::ptrdiff_t> adaptor_type;
#else
typedef boost::iterator_adaptor<boost::forward_iterator_archetype<dummyT>,
boost::default_iterator_policies,
boost::iterator_traits_generator
::value_type<dummyT>
::reference<const dummyT&>
::pointer<const dummyT*>
::iterator_category<std::forward_iterator_tag>
::difference_type<std::ptrdiff_t> > adaptor_type;
#endif
adaptor_type i(forward_iter);
int zero = 0;
if (zero) // don't do this, just make sure it compiles
assert((*i).m_x == i->foo());
}
// check operator-> with an input iterator
{
boost::input_iterator_archetype<dummyT> input_iter;
typedef boost::iterator_adaptor<boost::input_iterator_archetype<dummyT>,
boost::default_iterator_policies,
dummyT, const dummyT&, const dummyT*,
std::input_iterator_tag, std::ptrdiff_t> adaptor_type;
adaptor_type i(input_iter);
int zero = 0;
if (zero) // don't do this, just make sure it compiles
assert((*i).m_x == i->foo());
}
std::cout << "test successful " << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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<title>Boost Iterator Adaptor Library</title>
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<h1>Boost Iterator Adaptor Library</h1>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>The Iterator Adaptor library allows you transform an arbitrary ``base''
type into a standard-conforming iterator with the behaviors you choose.
Doing so is especially easy if the ``base'' type is itself an iterator. The
library also supplies several example <a href=
"../../more/generic_programming.html#adaptors">adaptors</a> which apply
specific useful behaviors to arbitrary base iterators.
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<ul>
<li>
Header <tt><a href=
"../../boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp">boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp</a></tt>
<ul>
<li>
Generalized Iterator Adaptor
<ul>
<li>Class template <tt><a href=
"#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a></tt>
<li><a href="#template_parameters">Template Parameters</a>
<li><a href="#named_template_parameters">Named Template Parameters</a>
<li><a href="#policies">The Policies Class</a>
<li><a href="#additional_members">Additional Class Members</a>
<li><a href="#example">Example</a>
<li>(<tt>const</tt>/non-<tt>const</tt>) <a href=
"#iterator_interactions">Iterator Interactions</a>
<li><a href="#challenge">Challenge</a>
<li><a href="#concept_model">Concept Model</a>
<li><a href="#declaration_synopsis">Declaration Synopsis</a>
<li><a href="#notes">Notes</a>
</ul>
<li>
<a name="specialized_adaptors">Specialized Iterator Adaptors</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="indirect_iterator.htm">Indirect Iterator Adaptor</a>
<li><a href="reverse_iterator.htm">Reverse Iterator Adaptor</a>
<li><a href="transform_iterator.htm">Transform Iterator
Adaptor</a>
<li><a href="projection_iterator.htm">Projection Iterator
Adaptor</a>
<li><a href="filter_iterator.htm">Filter Iterator Adaptor</a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li>Header <tt><a href=
"../../boost/counting_iterator.hpp">boost/counting_iterator.hpp</a></tt><br>
<a href="counting_iterator.htm">Counting Iterator Adaptor</a>
<li>Header <tt><a href=
"../../boost/function_output_iterator.hpp">boost/function_output_iterator.hpp</a></tt><br>
<a href="function_output_iterator.htm">Function Output Iterator Adaptor</a>
</ul>
<p><b><a href="http://www.boost.org/people/dave_abrahams.htm">Dave
Abrahams</a></b> started the library, applying <a href=
"../../more/generic_programming.html#policy">policy class</a> technique and
handling const/non-const iterator interactions. He also contributed the
<tt><a href="indirect_iterator.htm">indirect_</a></tt> and <tt><a href=
"reverse_iterator.htm">reverse_</a></tt> iterator generators, and expanded
<tt><a href="counting_iterator.htm">counting_iterator_generator</a></tt> to
cover all incrementable types. He edited most of the documentation,
sometimes heavily.<br>
<b><a href="http://www.boost.org/people/jeremy_siek.htm">Jeremy
Siek</a></b> contributed the <a href="transform_iterator.htm">transform
iterator</a> adaptor, the integer-only version of <tt><a href=
"counting_iterator.htm">counting_iterator_generator</a></tt>,
the <a href="function_output_iterator.htm">function output iterator</a>
adaptor, and most of the documentation.<br>
<b><a href="http://www.boost.org/people/john_potter.htm">John
Potter</a></b> contributed the <tt><a href=
"projection_iterator.htm">projection_</a></tt> and <tt><a href=
"filter_iterator.htm">filter_</a></tt> iterator generators and made some
simplifications to the main <tt><a href=
"#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a></tt> template.<br>
<h2><a name="iterator_adaptor">Class template</a>
<tt>iterator_adaptor</tt></h2>
Implementing standard conforming iterators is a non-trivial task. There are
some fine points such as the interactions between an iterator and its
corresponding const_iterator, and there are myriad operators that should be
implemented but are easily forgotten or mishandled, such as
<tt>operator-&gt;()</tt>. Using <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt>, you can easily
implement an iterator class, and even more easily extend and <a href=
"../../more/generic_programming.html#adaptors">adapt</a> existing iterator
types. Moreover, it is easy to make a pair of interoperable <tt>const</tt>
and <tt>non-const</tt> iterators.
<p><tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> is declared like this:
<pre>
template &lt;class Base, class Policies,
class ValueOrNamedParams = typename std::iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::value_type,
class ReferenceOrNamedParams = <i>...(see below)</i>,
class PointerOrNamedParams = <i>...(see below)</i>,
class CategoryOrNamedParams = typename std::iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::iterator_category,
class DistanceOrNamedParams = typename std::iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::difference_type&gt;
struct iterator_adaptor;
</pre>
<h3><a name="template_parameters">Template Parameters</a></h3>
<p>Although <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> takes seven template parameters,
defaults have been carefully chosen to minimize the number of parameters
you must supply in most cases, especially if <tt>BaseType</tt> is an
iterator.
<table border="1" summary="iterator_adaptor template parameters">
<tr>
<th>Parameter
<th>Description
<tr>
<td><tt>BaseType</tt>
<td>The type being wrapped.
<tr>
<td><tt>Policies</tt>
<td>A <a href="../../more/generic_programming.html#policy">policy
class</a> that supplies core functionality to the resulting iterator. A
detailed description can be found <a href="#policies">below</a>.
<tr>
<td><tt>Value</tt>
<td>The <tt>value_type</tt> of the resulting iterator, unless const. If
Value is <tt>const X</tt> the
<tt>value_type</tt> will be (<i>non-</i><tt>const</tt>) <tt>X</tt><a href=
"#1">[1]</a>.<br>
<b>Default:</b>
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseType&gt;::value_type</tt> <a href=
"#2">[2]</a>
<tr>
<td><tt>Reference</tt>
<td>The <tt>reference</tt> type of the resulting iterator, and in
particular, the result type of <tt>operator*()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> If <tt>Value</tt> is supplied, <tt>Value&amp;</tt> is
used. Otherwise
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseType&gt;::reference</tt> is used.
<tr>
<td><tt>Pointer</tt>
<td>The <tt>pointer</tt> type of the resulting iterator, and in
particular, the result type of <tt>operator-&gt;()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> If <tt>Value</tt> was supplied, then <tt>Value*</tt>,
otherwise <tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseType&gt;::pointer</tt>.
<tr>
<td><tt>Category</tt>
<td>The <tt>iterator_category</tt> type for the resulting iterator.<br>
<b>Default:</b>
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseType&gt;::iterator_category</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>Distance</tt>
<td>The <tt>difference_type</tt> for the resulting iterator.<br>
<b>Default:</b>
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BaseType&gt;::difference_type</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>NamedParams</tt>
<td>A list of named template parameters generated using the
<a href="#iterator_traits_generator">
<tt>iterator_traits_generator</tt></a> class (see below).
</table>
<h3><a name="named_template_parameters">Named Template Parameters</a></h3>
With seven template parameters, providing arguments for
<tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> in the correct order can be challenging.
Also, often times one would like to specify the sixth or seventh
template parameter, but use the defaults for the third through
fifth. As a solution to these problems we provide a mechanism for
naming the last five template parameters, and providing them in
any order through the <tt>iterator_traits_generator</tt> class.
<blockquote>
<pre>
<a name="iterator_traits_generator">class iterator_traits_generator</a>
{
public:
template &lt;class Value&gt;
struct value_type : public <i>recursive magic</i> { };
template &lt;class Reference&gt;
struct reference : public <i>recursive magic</i> { };
template &lt;class Pointer&gt;
struct pointer : public <i>recursive magic</i> { };
template &lt;class Distance&gt;
struct difference_type : public <i>recursive magic</i> { };
template &lt;class Category&gt;
struct iterator_category : public <i>recursive magic</i> { };
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
The <tt>iterator_traits_generator</tt> is used to create a list of
of template arguments. For example, suppose you want to set the
<tt>Reference</tt> and <tt>Category</tt> parameters, and use the
defaults for the rest. Then you can use the traits generator as
follows:
<blockquote>
<pre>
iterator_traits_generator::reference&lt;foo&gt;::category&lt;std::input_iterator_tag&gt;
</pre>
</blockquote>
This generated type can then be passed into the <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt>
class to replace any of the last five parameters. If you use the traits
generator in the <i>i</i>th parameter position, then the parameters <i>i</i>
through 7 will use the types specified in the generator. For example, the
following adapts <tt>foo_iterator</tt> to create an <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator.html">InputIterator</a> with
<tt>reference</tt> type <tt>foo</tt>, and whose other traits are determined
according to the defaults described <a href="#template_parameters">above</a>.
<blockquote>
<pre>
iterator_adaptor&lt;foo_iterator, foo_policies,
iterator_traits_generator
::reference&lt;foo&gt;
::iterator_category&lt;std::input_iterator_tag&gt;
&gt;
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3><a name="policies">The Policies Class</a></h3>
<p>The main task in using <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> is creating an
appropriate <tt>Policies</tt> class. The <tt>Policies</tt> class will become
the functional heart of the resulting iterator, supplying the core
operations that determine its behavior. The <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt>
template defines all of the operators required of a <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access
Iterator</a> by dispatching to a <tt>Policies</tt> object. Your
<tt>Policies</tt> class must implement a subset of the core iterator
operations below corresponding to the iterator categories you want it to
support.<br>
<br>
<table border="1" summary="iterator_adaptor Policies operations">
<caption>
<b>Core Iterator Operations</b><br>
<tt>T</tt>: adapted iterator type; <tt>p</tt>: object of type T; <tt>n</tt>: <tt>T::size_type</tt>; <tt>x</tt>: <tt>T::difference_type</tt>; <tt>p1</tt>, <tt>p2</tt>: iterators
</caption>
<tr>
<th>Operation
<th>Effects
<th>Implements Operations
<th>Required for Iterator Categories
<tr>
<td><tt>dereference</tt>
<td>returns an element of the iterator's <tt>reference</tt> type
<td><tt>*p</tt>, <tt>p[n]</tt>
<td rowspan="3"><a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator.html">Input</a>/ <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/OutputIterator.html">Output</a>/ <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html">Forward</a>/ <a
href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">Bidirectional</a>/
<a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access</a>
<tr>
<td><tt>equal</tt>
<td>tests the iterator for equality
<td><tt>p1&nbsp;==&nbsp;p2</tt>, <tt>p1&nbsp;!=&nbsp;p2</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>increment</tt>
<td>increments the iterator
<td><tt>++p</tt>, <tt>p++</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>decrement</tt>
<td>decrements the iterator
<td><tt>--p</tt>, <tt>p--</tt>
<td><a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">Bidirectional</a>/
<a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access</a>
<tr>
<td><tt>less</tt>
<td>imposes a <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/StrictWeakOrdering.html">Strict Weak
Ordering</a> relation on iterators
<td>
<tt>p1&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;p2</tt>,
<tt>p1&nbsp;&lt;=&nbsp;p2</tt>,
<tt>p1&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;p2</tt>,
<tt>p1&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;p2</tt>
<td rowspan="3"><a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access</a>
<tr>
<td><tt>distance</tt>
<td>measures the distance between iterators
<td><tt>p1 - p2</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>advance</tt>
<td>adds an integer offset to iterators
<td>
<tt>p&nbsp;+&nbsp;x</tt>,
<tt>x&nbsp;+&nbsp;p</tt>,
<tt>p&nbsp;+=&nbsp;x</tt>,
<tt>p&nbsp;-&nbsp;x</tt>,
<tt>p&nbsp;-=&nbsp;x</tt>
</table>
<p>The library also supplies a "trivial" policy class,
<tt>default_iterator_policies</tt>, which implements all seven of the core
operations in the usual way. If you wish to create an iterator adaptor that
only changes a few of the base type's behaviors, then you can derive your
new policy class from <tt>default_iterator_policies</tt> to avoid retyping
the usual behaviors. You should also look at
<tt>default_iterator_policies</tt> as the ``boilerplate'' for your own
policy classes, defining functions with the same interface. This is the
definition of <tt>default_iterator_policies</tt>:<br>
<br>
<blockquote>
<pre>
struct <a name="default_iterator_policies">default_iterator_policies</a>
{
template &lt;class Reference, class BaseType&gt;
Reference dereference(type&lt;Reference&gt;, const BaseType&amp; x) const
{ return *x; }
template &lt;class BaseType&gt;
static void increment(BaseType&amp; x)
{ ++x; }
template &lt;class BaseType1, class BaseType2&gt;
bool equal(BaseType1&amp; x, BaseType2&amp; y) const
{ return x == y; }
template &lt;class BaseType&gt;
static void decrement(BaseType&amp; x)
{ --x; }
template &lt;class BaseType, class DifferenceType&gt;
static void advance(BaseType&amp; x, DifferenceType n)
{ x += n; }
template &lt;class Difference, class BaseType1, class BaseType2&gt;
Difference distance(type&lt;Difference&gt;, BaseType1&amp; x, BaseType2&amp; y) const
{ return y - x; }
template &lt;class BaseType1, class BaseType2&gt;
bool less(BaseType1&amp; x, BaseType2&amp; y) const
{ return x &lt; y; }
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Template member functions are used throughout
<tt>default_iterator_policies</tt> so that it can be employed with a wide
range of iterators. If we had used concrete types above, we'd have tied the
usefulness of <tt>default_iterator_policies</tt> to a particular range of
adapted iterators. If you follow the same pattern with your
<tt>Policies</tt> classes, you can use them to generate more specialized
adaptors along the lines of <a href="#specialized_adaptors">those supplied by this library</a>.
<h3><a name="additional_members">Additional Members</a></h3>
In addition to all of the member functions required of a <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access
Iterator</a>, the <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> class template defines the
following members. <br>
<br>
<table border="1" summary="additional iterator_adaptor members">
<tr>
<td><tt>explicit iterator_adaptor(const Base&amp;, const Policies&amp; =
Policies())</tt>
<br><br>
Construct an adapted iterator from a base object and a policies
object. As this constructor is <tt>explicit</tt>, it does not
provide for implicit conversions from the <tt>Base</tt> type to
the iterator adaptor.
<tr>
<td><tt>template &lt;class B, class V, class R, class P&gt;<br>
iterator_adaptor(const
iterator_adaptor&lt;B,Policies,V,R,P,Category,Distance&gt;&amp;)</tt>
<br><br>
This constructor allows for conversion from non-<tt>const</tt> to
constant adapted iterators. See <a href=
"#iterator_interactions">below</a> for more details.<br>
Requires: <tt>B</tt> is convertible to <tt>Base</tt>.
<tr>
<td><tt>base_type base() const;</tt>
<br><br>
Return a copy of the base object.
</table>
<h3><a name="example">Example</a></h3>
<p>It is often useful to automatically apply some function to the value
returned by dereferencing an iterator. The <a href=
"./transform_iterator.htm">transform iterator</a> makes it easy to create
an iterator adaptor which does just that. Here we will show how easy it is
to implement the transform iterator using the <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt>
template.
<p>We want to be able to adapt a range of iterators and functions, so the
policies class will have a template parameter for the function type and it
will have a data member of that type. We know that the function takes one
argument and that we'll need to be able to deduce the <tt>result_type</tt>
of the function so we can use it for the adapted iterator's
<tt>value_type</tt>. <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>
is the <a href="../../more/generic_programming.html#concept">Concept</a>
that fulfills those requirements.
<p>To implement a transform iterator we will only change one of the base
iterator's behaviors, so the <tt>transform_iterator_policies</tt> class can
inherit the rest from <tt>default_iterator_policies</tt>. We will define
the <tt>dereference()</tt> member function, which is used to implement
<tt>operator*()</tt> of the adapted iterator. The implementation will
dereference the base iterator and apply the function object. The
<tt>type&lt;Reference&gt;</tt> parameter is used to convey the appropriate
return type. The complete code for <tt>transform_iterator_policies</tt>
is:<br>
<br>
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class AdaptableUnaryFunction&gt;
struct transform_iterator_policies : public default_iterator_policies
{
transform_iterator_policies() { }
transform_iterator_policies(const AdaptableUnaryFunction&amp; f)
: m_f(f) { }
template &lt;class Reference, class BaseIterator&gt;
Reference dereference(type&lt;Reference&gt;, const BaseIterator&amp; i) const
{ return m_f(*i); }
AdaptableUnaryFunction m_f;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The next step is to use the <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> template to
construct the transform iterator type. The nicest way to package the
construction of the transform iterator is to create a <a href=
"../../more/generic_programming.html#type_generator">type generator</a>.
The first template parameter to the generator will be the type of the
function object and the second will be the base iterator type. We use
<tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> to define the transform iterator type as a nested
<tt>typedef</tt> inside the <tt>transform_iterator_generator</tt> class.
Because the function may return by-value, we must limit the
<tt>iterator_category</tt> to <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator.html">Input Iterator</a>, and
the iterator's <tt>reference</tt> type cannot be a true reference (the
standard allows this for input iterators), so in this case we can use few
of <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt>'s default template arguments.<br>
<br>
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class AdaptableUnaryFunction, class Iterator&gt;
struct transform_iterator_generator
{
typedef typename AdaptableUnaryFunction::result_type value_type;
public:
typedef iterator_adaptor&lt;Iterator,
transform_iterator_policies&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction&gt;,
value_type, value_type, value_type*, std::input_iterator_tag&gt;
type;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>As a finishing touch, we will create an <a href=
"../../more/generic_programming.html#object_generator">object generator</a>
for the transform iterator. This is a function that makes it more
convenient to create a transform iterator.<br>
<br>
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class AdaptableUnaryFunction, class Iterator&gt;
typename transform_iterator_generator&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction,Iterator&gt;::type
make_transform_iterator(Iterator base,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction&amp; f = AdaptableUnaryFunction())
{
typedef typename transform_iterator_generator&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction,
Iterator&gt;::type result_t;
return result_t(base, f);
}
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Here is an example that shows how to use a transform iterator to iterate
through a range of numbers, multiplying each of them by 2 and printing the
result to standard output.<br>
<br>
<blockquote>
<pre>
#include &lt;functional&gt;
#include &lt;algorithm&gt;
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp&gt;
int main(int, char*[])
{
int x[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
const int N = sizeof(x)/sizeof(int);
std::cout &lt;&lt; "multiplying the array by 2:" &lt;&lt; std::endl;
std::copy(boost::make_transform_iterator(x, std::bind1st(std::multiplies&lt;int&gt;(), 2)),
boost::make_transform_iterator(x + N, std::bind1st(std::multiplies&lt;int&gt;(), 2)),
std::ostream_iterator&lt;int&gt;(std::cout, " "));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
return 0;
}
</pre>
This output is:
<pre>
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3><a name="iterator_interactions">Iterator Interactions</a></h3>
<p>C++ allows <tt>const</tt> and non-<tt>const</tt> pointers to interact in
the following intuitive ways:
<ul>
<li>a non-<tt>const</tt> pointer to <tt>T</tt> can be implicitly
converted to a <tt>const</tt> pointer to <tt>T</tt>.
<li><tt>const</tt> and non-<tt>const</tt> pointers to <tt>T</tt> can be
freely mixed in comparison expressions.
<li><tt>const</tt> and non-<tt>const</tt> pointers to <tt>T</tt> can be
freely subtracted, in any order.
</ul>
Getting user-defined iterators to work together that way is nontrivial (see
<a href="reverse_iterator.htm#interactions">here</a> for an example of where
the C++ standard got it wrong), but <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> can make it
easy. The rules are as follows:
<ul>
<li><a name="interoperable">Adapted iterators that share the same <tt>Policies</tt>,
<tt>Category</tt>, and <tt>Distance</tt> parameters are called
<i>interoperable</i>.</a>
<li>An adapted iterator can be implicitly converted to any other adapted
iterator with which it is interoperable, so long as the <tt>Base</tt>
type of the source iterator can be converted to the <tt>Base</tt> type of
the target iterator.
<li>Interoperable iterators can be freely mixed in comparison expressions
so long as the <tt>Policies</tt> class has <tt>equal</tt> (and, for
random access iterators, <tt>less</tt>) members that can accept both
<tt>Base</tt> types in either order.
<li>Interoperable iterators can be freely mixed in subtraction
expressions so long as the <tt>Policies</tt> class has a
<tt>distance</tt> member that can accept both <tt>Base</tt> types in
either order.
</ul>
<h4>Example</h4>
<p>The <a href="projection_iterator.htm">Projection Iterator</a> adaptor is similar to the <a
href="./transform_iterator.htm">transform iterator adaptor</a> in that
its <tt>operator*()</tt> applies some function to the result of
dereferencing the base iterator and then returns the result. The
difference is that the function must return a reference to some
existing object (for example, a data member within the
<tt>value_type</tt> of the base iterator).
<p>
The <a
href="projection_iterator.htm#projection_iterator_pair_generator">projection_iterator_pair_generator</a> template
is a special two-<a href="../../more/generic_programming.html#type_generator">type generator</a> for mutable and constant versions of a
projection iterator. It is defined as follows:
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class AdaptableUnaryFunction, class Iterator, class ConstIterator&gt;
struct projection_iterator_pair_generator {
typedef typename AdaptableUnaryFunction::result_type value_type;
typedef projection_iterator_policies&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction&gt; policies;
public:
typedef iterator_adaptor&lt;Iterator,policies,value_type&gt; iterator;
typedef iterator_adaptor&lt;ConstIterator,policies,value_type,
const value_type&amp;,const value_type*&gt; const_iterator;
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>It is assumed that the <tt>Iterator</tt> and <tt>ConstIterator</tt> arguments are corresponding mutable
and constant iterators. <ul>
<li>
Clearly, then, the
<tt>projection_iterator_pair_generator</tt>'s <tt>iterator</tt> and
<tt>const_iterator</tt> are <a href="#interoperable">interoperable</a>, since
they share the same <tt>Policies</tt> and since <tt>Category</tt> and
<tt>Distance</tt> as supplied by <tt>std::iterator_traits</tt> through the
<a href="#template_parameters">default template parameters</a> to
<tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> should be the same.
<li>Since <tt>Iterator</tt> can presumably be converted to
<tt>ConstIterator</tt>, the projection <tt>iterator</tt> will be convertible to
the projection <tt>const_iterator</tt>.
<li> Since <tt>projection_iterator_policies</tt> implements only the
<tt>dereference</tt> operation, and inherits all other behaviors from <tt><a
href="#default_iterator_policies">default_iterator_policies</a></tt>, which has
fully-templatized <tt>equal</tt>, <tt>less</tt>, and <tt>distance</tt>
operations, the <tt>iterator</tt> and <tt>const_iterator</tt> can be freely
mixed in comparison and subtraction expressions.
</ul>
<h3><a name="challenge">Challenge</a></h3>
<p>There is an unlimited number of ways the <tt>iterator_adaptors</tt>
class can be used to create iterators. One interesting exercise would be to
re-implement the iterators of <tt>std::list</tt> and <tt>std::slist</tt>
using <tt>iterator_adaptors</tt>, where the adapted <tt>Iterator</tt> types
would be node pointers.
<h3><a name="concept_model">Concept Model</a></h3>
Depending on the <tt>Base</tt> and <tt>Policies</tt> template parameters,
an <tt>iterator_adaptor</tt> can be a <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator.html">Input Iterator</a>, <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html">Forward
Iterator</a>, <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">Bidirectional
Iterator</a>, or <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access
Iterator</a>.
<h3><a name="declaration_synopsis">Declaration Synopsis</a></h3>
<pre>
template &lt;class Base, class Policies,
class Value = typename std::iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::value_type,
class Reference = <i>...(see below)</i>,
class Pointer = <i>...(see below)</i>,
class Category = typename std::iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::iterator_category,
class Distance = typename std::iterator_traits&lt;Base&gt;::difference_type
&gt;
struct iterator_adaptor
{
typedef Distance difference_type;
typedef typename boost::remove_const&lt;Value&gt;::type value_type;
typedef Pointer pointer;
typedef Reference reference;
typedef Category iterator_category;
typedef Base base_type;
typedef Policies policies_type;
iterator_adaptor();
explicit iterator_adaptor(const Base&amp;, const Policies&amp; = Policies());
base_type base() const;
template &lt;class B, class V, class R, class P&gt;
iterator_adaptor(
const iterator_adaptor&lt;B,Policies,V,R,P,Category,Distance&gt;&amp;);
reference operator*() const;
<i>operator_arrow_result_type</i> operator-&gt;() const; <a href=
"#3">[3]</a>
<i>value_type</i> operator[](difference_type n) const; <a href="#3">[4]</a>
iterator_adaptor&amp; operator++();
iterator_adaptor&amp; operator++(int);
iterator_adaptor&amp; operator--();
iterator_adaptor&amp; operator--(int);
iterator_adaptor&amp; operator+=(difference_type n);
iterator_adaptor&amp; operator-=(difference_type n);
iterator_adaptor&amp; operator-(Distance x) const;
};
template &lt;class B, class P, class V, class R, class Ptr,
class C, class D1, class D2&gt;
iterator_adaptor&lt;B,P,V,R,Ptr,C,D1&gt;
operator+(iterator_adaptor&lt;B,P,V,R,Ptr,C,D1&gt;, D2);
template &lt;class B, class P, class V, class R, class Ptr,
class C, class D1, class D2&gt;
iterator_adaptor&lt;B,P,V,R,P,C,D1&gt;
operator+(D2, iterator_adaptor&lt;B,P,V,R,Ptr,C,D1&gt; p);
template &lt;class B1, class B2, class P, class V1, class V2,
class R1, class R2, class P1, class P2, class C, class D&gt;
Distance operator-(const iterator_adaptor&lt;B1,P,V1,R1,P1,C,D&gt;&amp;,
const iterator_adaptor&lt;B2,P,V2,R2,P2,C,D&gt;&amp;);
template &lt;class B1, class B2, class P, class V1, class V2,
class R1, class R2, class P1, class P2, class C, class D&gt;
bool operator==(const iterator_adaptor&lt;B1,P,V1,R1,P1,C,D&gt;&amp;,
const iterator_adaptor&lt;B2,P,V2,R2,P2,C,D&gt;&amp;);
// and similarly for operators !=, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;=, &gt;
</pre>
<h3><a name="notes">Notes</a></h3>
<p><a name="1">[1]</a> The standard specifies that the <tt>value_type</tt>
of <tt>const</tt> iterators to <tt>T</tt> (e.g. <tt>const T*</tt>) is
<tt><i>non-</i>const T</tt>, while the <tt>pointer</tt> and
<tt>reference</tt> types for all <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html">Forward Iterators</a> are
<tt>const T*</tt> and <tt>const T&amp;</tt>, respectively. Stripping the
<tt>const</tt>-ness of <tt>Value</tt> allows you to easily
make a <tt>const</tt> iterator adaptor by supplying a <tt>const</tt> type
for <tt>Value</tt>, and allowing the defaults for the <tt>Pointer</tt> and
<tt>Reference</tt> parameters to take effect. Although compilers that don't
support partial specialization won't strip <tt>const</tt> for you, having a
<tt>const value_type</tt> is often harmless in practice.
<p><a name="2">[2]</a> If your compiler does not support partial
specialization and the base iterator is a builtin pointer type, you
will not be able to use the default for <tt>Value</tt> and will have to
specify this type explicitly.
<p><a name="3">[3]</a> The result type for the <tt>operator-&gt;()</tt>
depends on the category and value type of the iterator and is somewhat
complicated to describe. But be assured, it works in a stardard conforming
fashion, providing access to members of the objects pointed to by the
iterator.
<p><a name="4">[4]</a> The result type of <tt>operator[]()</tt> is
<tt>value_type</tt> instead of <tt>reference</tt> as might be expected.
There are two reasons for this choice. First, the C++ standard only
requires that the return type of an arbitrary <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access
Iterator</a>'s <tt>operator[]</tt>be ``convertible to T'' (Table 76), so
when adapting an arbitrary base iterator we may not have a reference to
return. Second, and more importantly, for certain kinds of iterators,
returning a reference could cause serious memory problems due to the
reference being bound to a temporary object whose lifetime ends inside of
the <tt>operator[]</tt>.
<hr>
<p>Revised
<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->09 Mar 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14894" -->
<p>&copy; Copyright Dave Abrahams and Jeremy Siek 2001. Permission to copy,
use, modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this
copyright notice appears in all copies. This document is provided "as is"
without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its
suitability for any purpose.
</body>
<!-- LocalWords: HTML html charset alt gif abrahams htm const
incrementable david abrahams
-->
<!-- LocalWords: jeremy siek mishandled interoperable typename struct Iter iter src
-->
<!-- LocalWords: int bool ForwardIterator BidirectionalIterator BaseIterator
-->
<!-- LocalWords: RandomAccessIterator DifferenceType AdaptableUnaryFunction
-->
<!-- LocalWords: iostream hpp sizeof InputIterator constness ConstIterator
David Abrahams
-->
</html>

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@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
// (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2001. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 04 Mar 2001 Patches for Intel C++ (Dave Abrahams)
// 19 Feb 2001 Take advantage of improved iterator_traits to do more tests
// on MSVC. Reordered some #ifdefs for coherency.
// (David Abrahams)
// 13 Feb 2001 Test new VC6 workarounds (David Abrahams)
// 11 Feb 2001 Final fixes for Borland (David Abrahams)
// 11 Feb 2001 Some fixes for Borland get it closer on that compiler
// (David Abrahams)
// 07 Feb 2001 More comprehensive testing; factored out static tests for
// better reuse (David Abrahams)
// 21 Jan 2001 Quick fix to my_iterator, which wasn't returning a
// reference type from operator* (David Abrahams)
// 19 Jan 2001 Initial version with iterator operators (David Abrahams)
#include <boost/detail/iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/operators.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <iterator>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <cassert>
#include <iostream>
// An iterator for which we can get traits.
struct my_iterator1
: boost::forward_iterator_helper<my_iterator1, char, long, const char*, const char&>
{
my_iterator1(const char* p) : m_p(p) {}
bool operator==(const my_iterator1& rhs) const
{ return this->m_p == rhs.m_p; }
my_iterator1& operator++() { ++this->m_p; return *this; }
const char& operator*() { return *m_p; }
private:
const char* m_p;
};
// Used to prove that we don't require std::iterator<> in the hierarchy under
// MSVC6, and that we can compute all the traits for a standard-conforming UDT
// iterator.
struct my_iterator2
: boost::equality_comparable<my_iterator2
, boost::incrementable<my_iterator2
, boost::dereferenceable<my_iterator2,const char*> > >
{
typedef char value_type;
typedef long difference_type;
typedef const char* pointer;
typedef const char& reference;
typedef std::forward_iterator_tag iterator_category;
my_iterator2(const char* p) : m_p(p) {}
bool operator==(const my_iterator2& rhs) const
{ return this->m_p == rhs.m_p; }
my_iterator2& operator++() { ++this->m_p; return *this; }
const char& operator*() { return *m_p; }
private:
const char* m_p;
};
// Used to prove that we're not overly confused by the existence of
// std::iterator<> in the hierarchy under MSVC6 - we should find that
// boost::detail::iterator_traits<my_iterator3>::difference_type is int.
struct my_iterator3 : my_iterator1
{
typedef int difference_type;
my_iterator3(const char* p) : my_iterator1(p) {}
};
template <class Iterator,
class value_type, class difference_type, class pointer, class reference, class category>
struct non_portable_tests
{
// Unfortunately, the VC6 standard library doesn't supply these :(
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT((
boost::is_same<
typename boost::detail::iterator_traits<Iterator>::pointer,
pointer
>::value));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT((
boost::is_same<
typename boost::detail::iterator_traits<Iterator>::reference,
reference
>::value));
};
template <class Iterator,
class value_type, class difference_type, class pointer, class reference, class category>
struct portable_tests
{
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT((
boost::is_same<
typename boost::detail::iterator_traits<Iterator>::difference_type,
difference_type
>::value));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT((
boost::is_same<
typename boost::detail::iterator_traits<Iterator>::iterator_category,
category
>::value));
};
// Test iterator_traits
template <class Iterator,
class value_type, class difference_type, class pointer, class reference, class category>
struct input_iterator_test
: portable_tests<Iterator,value_type,difference_type,pointer,reference,category>
{
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT((
boost::is_same<
typename boost::detail::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type,
value_type
>::value));
};
template <class Iterator,
class value_type, class difference_type, class pointer, class reference, class category>
struct non_pointer_test
: input_iterator_test<Iterator,value_type,difference_type,pointer,reference,category>
, non_portable_tests<Iterator,value_type,difference_type,pointer,reference,category>
{
};
template <class Iterator,
class value_type, class difference_type, class pointer, class reference, class category>
struct maybe_pointer_test
: portable_tests<Iterator,value_type,difference_type,pointer,reference,category>
#ifndef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
, non_portable_tests<Iterator,value_type,difference_type,pointer,reference,category>
#endif
{
};
input_iterator_test<std::istream_iterator<int>, int, std::ptrdiff_t, int*, int&, std::input_iterator_tag>
istream_iterator_test;
//
#if defined(__BORLANDC__) && !defined(__SGI_STL_PORT)
typedef ::std::char_traits<char>::off_type distance;
non_pointer_test<std::ostream_iterator<int>,int,
distance,int*,int&,std::output_iterator_tag> ostream_iterator_test;
#elif defined(BOOST_MSVC_STD_ITERATOR)
non_pointer_test<std::ostream_iterator<int>,
int, void, void, void, std::output_iterator_tag>
ostream_iterator_test;
#else
non_pointer_test<std::ostream_iterator<int>,
void, void, void, void, std::output_iterator_tag>
ostream_iterator_test;
#endif
#ifdef __KCC
typedef long std_list_diff_type;
#else
typedef std::ptrdiff_t std_list_diff_type;
#endif
non_pointer_test<std::list<int>::iterator, int, std_list_diff_type, int*, int&, std::bidirectional_iterator_tag>
list_iterator_test;
maybe_pointer_test<std::vector<int>::iterator, int, std::ptrdiff_t, int*, int&, std::random_access_iterator_tag>
vector_iterator_test;
maybe_pointer_test<int*, int, std::ptrdiff_t, int*, int&, std::random_access_iterator_tag>
int_pointer_test;
non_pointer_test<my_iterator1, char, long, const char*, const char&, std::forward_iterator_tag>
my_iterator1_test;
non_pointer_test<my_iterator2, char, long, const char*, const char&, std::forward_iterator_tag>
my_iterator2_test;
non_pointer_test<my_iterator3, char, int, const char*, const char&, std::forward_iterator_tag>
my_iterator3_test;
int main()
{
char chars[100];
int ints[100];
for (std::ptrdiff_t length = 3; length < 100; length += length / 3)
{
std::list<int> l(length);
assert(boost::detail::distance(l.begin(), l.end()) == length);
std::vector<int> v(length);
assert(boost::detail::distance(v.begin(), v.end()) == length);
assert(boost::detail::distance(&ints[0], ints + length) == length);
assert(boost::detail::distance(my_iterator1(chars), my_iterator1(chars + length)) == length);
assert(boost::detail::distance(my_iterator2(chars), my_iterator2(chars + length)) == length);
assert(boost::detail::distance(my_iterator3(chars), my_iterator3(chars + length)) == length);
}
return 0;
}

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@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
// Demonstrate and test boost/operators.hpp on std::iterators --------------//
// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 12 Dec 99 Initial version with iterator operators (Jeremy Siek)
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <boost/operators.hpp>
using namespace boost;
template <class T, class R, class P>
struct test_iter
: public boost::random_access_iterator_helper<
test_iter<T,R,P>, T, std::ptrdiff_t, P, R>
{
typedef test_iter self;
typedef R Reference;
typedef std::ptrdiff_t Distance;
public:
test_iter(T* i) : _i(i) { }
test_iter(const self& x) : _i(x._i) { }
self& operator=(const self& x) { _i = x._i; return *this; }
Reference operator*() const { return *_i; }
self& operator++() { ++_i; return *this; }
self& operator--() { --_i; return *this; }
self& operator+=(Distance n) { _i += n; return *this; }
self& operator-=(Distance n) { _i -= n; return *this; }
bool operator==(const self& x) const { return _i == x._i; }
bool operator<(const self& x) const { return _i < x._i; }
friend Distance operator-(const self& x, const self& y) {
return x._i - y._i;
}
protected:
T* _i;
};
int
main()
{
string array[] = { "apple", "orange", "pear", "peach", "grape", "plum" };
{
test_iter<string,string&,string*> i = array,
ie = array + sizeof(array)/sizeof(string);
// Tests for all of the operators added by random_access_iterator_helper
// test i++
while (i != ie)
cout << *i++ << " ";
cout << endl;
i = array;
// test i--
while (ie != i) {
ie--;
cout << *ie << " ";
}
cout << endl;
ie = array + sizeof(array)/sizeof(string);
// test i->m
while (i != ie) {
cout << i->size() << " ";
++i;
}
cout << endl;
i = array;
// test i + n
while (i < ie) {
cout << *i << " ";
i = i + 2;
}
cout << endl;
i = array;
// test n + i
while (i < ie) {
cout << *i << " ";
i = ptrdiff_t(2) + i;
}
cout << endl;
i = array;
// test i - n
while (ie > i) {
ie = ie - 2;
cout << *ie << " ";
}
cout << endl;
ie = array + sizeof(array)/sizeof(string);
// test i[n]
for (std::size_t j = 0; j < sizeof(array)/sizeof(string); ++j)
cout << i[j] << " ";
cout << endl;
}
{
test_iter<string, const string&, const string*> i = array,
ie = array + sizeof(array)/sizeof(string);
// Tests for all of the operators added by random_access_iterator_helper
// test i++
while (i != ie)
cout << *i++ << " ";
cout << endl;
i = array;
// test i--
while (ie != i) {
ie--;
cout << *ie << " ";
}
cout << endl;
ie = array + sizeof(array)/sizeof(string);
// test i->m
while (i != ie) {
cout << i->size() << " ";
++i;
}
cout << endl;
i = array;
// test i + n
while (i < ie) {
cout << *i << " ";
i = i + 2;
}
cout << endl;
i = array;
// test n + i
while (i < ie) {
cout << *i << " ";
i = ptrdiff_t(2) + i;
}
cout << endl;
i = array;
// test i - n
while (ie > i) {
ie = ie - 2;
cout << *ie << " ";
}
cout << endl;
ie = array + sizeof(array)/sizeof(string);
// test i[n]
for (std::size_t j = 0; j < sizeof(array)/sizeof(string); ++j)
cout << i[j] << " ";
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}

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@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
// boost class noncopyable test program ------------------------------------//
// (C) Copyright boost.org 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell
// and distribute this software is granted provided this copyright
// notice appears in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without
// express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
// any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 9 Jun 99 Add unnamed namespace
// 2 Jun 99 Initial Version
#include <boost/utility.hpp>
#include <iostream>
// This program demonstrates compiler errors resulting from trying to copy
// construct or copy assign a class object derived from class noncopyable.
namespace
{
class DontTreadOnMe : boost::noncopyable
{
public:
DontTreadOnMe() { std::cout << "defanged!" << std::endl; }
}; // DontTreadOnMe
} // unnamed namespace
int main()
{
DontTreadOnMe object1;
DontTreadOnMe object2(object1);
object1 = object2;
return 0;
} // main

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@ -1,393 +0,0 @@
// (C) Copyright David Abrahams 2001. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 11 Feb 2001 Fixes for Borland (David Abrahams)
// 23 Jan 2001 Added test for wchar_t (David Abrahams)
// 23 Jan 2001 Now statically selecting a test for signed numbers to avoid
// warnings with fancy compilers. Added commentary and
// additional dumping of traits data for tested types (David
// Abrahams).
// 21 Jan 2001 Initial version (David Abrahams)
#include <boost/detail/numeric_traits.hpp>
#include <cassert>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
#include <boost/utility.hpp>
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
#include <climits>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#ifndef BOOST_NO_LIMITS
# include <limits>
#endif
// A macro for declaring class compile-time constants.
#ifndef BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION
# define DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(type, init) static const type init
#else
# define DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(type, init) enum { init }
#endif
// =================================================================================
// template class complement_traits<Number> --
//
// statically computes the max and min for 1s and 2s-complement binary
// numbers. This helps on platforms without <limits> support. It also shows
// an example of a recursive template that works with MSVC!
//
template <unsigned size> struct complement; // forward
// The template complement, below, does all the real work, using "poor man's
// partial specialization". We need complement_traits_aux<> so that MSVC doesn't
// complain about undefined min/max as we're trying to recursively define them.
template <class Number, unsigned size>
struct complement_traits_aux
{
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, max = complement<size>::template traits<Number>::max);
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, min = complement<size>::template traits<Number>::min);
};
template <unsigned size>
struct complement
{
template <class Number>
struct traits
{
private:
// indirection through complement_traits_aux neccessary to keep MSVC happy
typedef complement_traits_aux<Number, size - 1> prev;
public:
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, max =
Number(Number(prev::max) << CHAR_BIT)
+ Number(UCHAR_MAX));
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, min = Number(Number(prev::min) << CHAR_BIT));
};
};
// Template class complement_base<> -- defines values for min and max for
// complement<1>, at the deepest level of recursion. Uses "poor man's partial
// specialization" again.
template <bool is_signed> struct complement_base;
template <> struct complement_base<false>
{
template <class Number>
struct values
{
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, min = 0);
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, max = UCHAR_MAX);
};
};
template <> struct complement_base<true>
{
template <class Number>
struct values
{
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, min = SCHAR_MIN);
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, max = SCHAR_MAX);
};
};
// Base specialization of complement, puts an end to the recursion.
template <>
struct complement<1>
{
template <class Number>
struct traits
{
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(bool, is_signed = boost::detail::is_signed<Number>::value);
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, min =
complement_base<is_signed>::template values<Number>::min);
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, max =
complement_base<is_signed>::template values<Number>::max);
};
};
// Now here's the "pretty" template you're intended to actually use.
// complement_traits<Number>::min, complement_traits<Number>::max are the
// minimum and maximum values of Number if Number is a built-in integer type.
template <class Number>
struct complement_traits
{
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, max = (complement_traits_aux<Number, sizeof(Number)>::max));
DECLARE_CLASS_CONST(Number, min = (complement_traits_aux<Number, sizeof(Number)>::min));
};
// =================================================================================
// Support for streaming various numeric types in exactly the format I want. I
// needed this in addition to all the assertions so that I could see exactly
// what was going on.
//
// Numbers go through a 2-stage conversion process (by default, though, no real
// conversion).
//
template <class T> struct stream_as {
typedef T t1;
typedef T t2;
};
// char types first get converted to unsigned char, then to unsigned.
template <> struct stream_as<char> {
typedef unsigned char t1;
typedef unsigned t2;
};
template <> struct stream_as<unsigned char> {
typedef unsigned char t1; typedef unsigned t2;
};
template <> struct stream_as<signed char> {
typedef unsigned char t1; typedef unsigned t2;
};
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC) // No intmax streaming built-in
// On this platform, __int64 and __uint64 get streamed as strings
template <> struct stream_as<boost::uintmax_t> {
typedef std::string t1;
typedef std::string t2;
};
template <> struct stream_as<boost::intmax_t> {
typedef std::string t1;
typedef std::string t2;
};
#endif
// Standard promotion process for streaming
template <class T> struct promote
{
static typename stream_as<T>::t1 from(T x) {
typedef typename stream_as<T>::t1 t1;
return t1(x);
}
};
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC) // No intmax streaming built-in
// On this platform, stream them as long/unsigned long if they fit.
// Otherwise, write a string.
template <> struct promote<boost::uintmax_t> {
std::string static from(const boost::uintmax_t x) {
if (x > ULONG_MAX)
return std::string("large unsigned value");
else
return boost::lexical_cast<std::string>((unsigned long)x);
}
};
template <> struct promote<boost::intmax_t> {
std::string static from(const boost::intmax_t x) {
if (x > boost::intmax_t(ULONG_MAX))
return std::string("large positive signed value");
else if (x >= 0)
return boost::lexical_cast<std::string>((unsigned long)x);
if (x < boost::intmax_t(LONG_MIN))
return std::string("large negative signed value");
else
return boost::lexical_cast<std::string>((long)x);
}
};
#endif
// This is the function which converts types to the form I want to stream them in.
template <class T>
typename stream_as<T>::t2 stream_number(T x)
{
return promote<T>::from(x);
}
// =================================================================================
//
// Tests for built-in signed and unsigned types
//
// Tag types for selecting tests
struct unsigned_tag {};
struct signed_tag {};
// Tests for unsigned numbers. The extra default Number parameter works around
// an MSVC bug.
template <class Number>
void test_aux(unsigned_tag, Number* = 0)
{
typedef typename boost::detail::numeric_traits<Number>::difference_type difference_type;
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(!boost::detail::is_signed<Number>::value);
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(
(sizeof(Number) < sizeof(boost::intmax_t))
| (boost::is_same<difference_type, boost::intmax_t>::value));
// Force casting to Number here to work around the fact that it's an enum on MSVC
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(Number(complement_traits<Number>::max) > Number(0));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(Number(complement_traits<Number>::min) == Number(0));
const Number max = complement_traits<Number>::max;
const Number min = complement_traits<Number>::min;
const Number test_max = (sizeof(Number) < sizeof(boost::intmax_t))
? max
: max / 2 - 1;
std::cout << std::hex << "(unsigned) min = " << stream_number(min) << ", max = "
<< stream_number(max) << "..." << std::flush;
std::cout << "difference_type = " << typeid(difference_type).name() << "..."
<< std::flush;
difference_type d1 = boost::detail::numeric_distance(Number(0), test_max);
difference_type d2 = boost::detail::numeric_distance(test_max, Number(0));
std::cout << "0->" << stream_number(test_max) << "==" << std::dec << stream_number(d1) << "; "
<< std::hex << stream_number(test_max) << "->0==" << std::dec << stream_number(d2) << "..." << std::flush;
assert(d1 == difference_type(test_max));
assert(d2 == -difference_type(test_max));
}
// Tests for signed numbers. The extra default Number parameter works around an
// MSVC bug.
struct out_of_range_tag {};
struct in_range_tag {};
// This test morsel gets executed for numbers whose difference will always be
// representable in intmax_t
template <class Number>
void signed_test(in_range_tag, Number* = 0)
{
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(boost::detail::is_signed<Number>::value);
typedef typename boost::detail::numeric_traits<Number>::difference_type difference_type;
const Number max = complement_traits<Number>::max;
const Number min = complement_traits<Number>::min;
difference_type d1 = boost::detail::numeric_distance(min, max);
difference_type d2 = boost::detail::numeric_distance(max, min);
std::cout << stream_number(min) << "->" << stream_number(max) << "==";
std::cout << std::dec << stream_number(d1) << "; ";
std::cout << std::hex << stream_number(max) << "->" << stream_number(min)
<< "==" << std::dec << stream_number(d2) << "..." << std::flush;
assert(d1 == difference_type(max) - difference_type(min));
assert(d2 == difference_type(min) - difference_type(max));
}
// This test morsel gets executed for numbers whose difference may exceed the
// capacity of intmax_t.
template <class Number>
void signed_test(out_of_range_tag, Number* = 0)
{
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(boost::detail::is_signed<Number>::value);
typedef typename boost::detail::numeric_traits<Number>::difference_type difference_type;
const Number max = complement_traits<Number>::max;
const Number min = complement_traits<Number>::min;
difference_type min_distance = complement_traits<difference_type>::min;
difference_type max_distance = complement_traits<difference_type>::max;
const Number n1 = Number(min + max_distance);
const Number n2 = Number(max + min_distance);
difference_type d1 = boost::detail::numeric_distance(min, n1);
difference_type d2 = boost::detail::numeric_distance(max, n2);
std::cout << stream_number(min) << "->" << stream_number(n1) << "==";
std::cout << std::dec << stream_number(d1) << "; ";
std::cout << std::hex << stream_number(max) << "->" << stream_number(n2)
<< "==" << std::dec << stream_number(d2) << "..." << std::flush;
assert(d1 == max_distance);
assert(d2 == min_distance);
}
template <class Number>
void test_aux(signed_tag, Number* = 0)
{
typedef typename boost::detail::numeric_traits<Number>::difference_type difference_type;
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(boost::detail::is_signed<Number>::value);
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(
(sizeof(Number) < sizeof(boost::intmax_t))
| (boost::is_same<difference_type, Number>::value));
// Force casting to Number here to work around the fact that it's an enum on MSVC
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(Number(complement_traits<Number>::max) > Number(0));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(Number(complement_traits<Number>::min) < Number(0));
const Number max = complement_traits<Number>::max;
const Number min = complement_traits<Number>::min;
std::cout << std::hex << "min = " << stream_number(min) << ", max = "
<< stream_number(max) << "..." << std::flush;
std::cout << "difference_type = " << typeid(difference_type).name() << "..."
<< std::flush;
typedef typename boost::detail::if_true<
(sizeof(Number) < sizeof(boost::intmax_t))>
::template then<
in_range_tag,
out_of_range_tag
>::type
range_tag;
signed_test<Number>(range_tag());
}
// Test for all numbers. The extra default Number parameter works around an MSVC
// bug.
template <class Number>
void test(Number* = 0)
{
std::cout << "testing " << typeid(Number).name() << ":\n"
#ifndef BOOST_NO_LIMITS_COMPILE_TIME_CONSTANTS
<< "is_signed: " << (std::numeric_limits<Number>::is_signed ? "true\n" : "false\n")
<< "is_bounded: " << (std::numeric_limits<Number>::is_bounded ? "true\n" : "false\n")
<< "digits: " << std::numeric_limits<Number>::digits << "\n"
#endif
<< "..." << std::flush;
// factoring out difference_type for the assert below confused Borland :(
typedef boost::detail::is_signed<
#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
typename
#endif
boost::detail::numeric_traits<Number>::difference_type
> is_signed;
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(is_signed::value);
typedef typename boost::detail::if_true<
boost::detail::is_signed<Number>::value
>::template then<signed_tag, unsigned_tag>::type signedness;
test_aux<Number>(signedness());
std::cout << "passed" << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
test<char>();
test<unsigned char>();
test<signed char>();
test<wchar_t>();
test<short>();
test<unsigned short>();
test<int>();
test<unsigned int>();
test<long>();
test<unsigned long>();
#if defined(ULLONG_MAX) || defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX)
test<long long>();
test<unsigned long long>();
#elif defined(BOOST_MSVC)
// The problem of not having compile-time static class constants other than
// enums prevents this from working, since values get truncated.
// test<boost::uintmax_t>();
// test<boost::intmax_t>();
#endif
return 0;
}

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<h1><img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)" align="center" width="277" height="86">Header
<a href="../../boost/operators.hpp">boost/operators.hpp</a></h1>
<p>Header <a href="../../boost/operators.hpp">boost/operators.hpp</a> supplies
(in namespace boost) several sets of templates:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Arithmetic">Arithmetic operators</a>.
<li><a href="#deref and helpers">Dereference operators and iterator helpers.</a></li>
</ul>
<p>These templates define many global operators in terms of a minimal number of
fundamental operators.</p>
<h1><a name="Arithmetic">Arithmetic</a> Operators</h1>
<p>If, for example, you declare a class like this:</p>
<blockquote>
<pre>class MyInt : boost::operators&lt;MyInt&gt;
{
bool operator&lt;(const MyInt&amp; x) const;
bool operator==(const MyInt&amp; x) const;
MyInt&amp; operator+=(const MyInt&amp; x);
MyInt&amp; operator-=(const MyInt&amp; x);
MyInt&amp; operator*=(const MyInt&amp; x);
MyInt&amp; operator/=(const MyInt&amp; x);
MyInt&amp; operator%=(const MyInt&amp; x);
MyInt&amp; operator|=(const MyInt&amp; x);
MyInt&amp; operator&amp;=(const MyInt&amp; x);
MyInt&amp; operator^=(const MyInt&amp; x);
MyInt&amp; operator++();
MyInt&amp; operator--();
};</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>then the <code>operators&lt;&gt;</code> template adds more than a dozen
additional operators, such as operator&gt;, &lt;=, &gt;=, and +.&nbsp; <a href="#two_arg">Two-argument
forms</a> of the templates are also provided to allow interaction with other
types.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.boost.org/people/dave_abrahams.htm">Dave Abrahams</a>
started the library and contributed the arithmetic operators in <a href="../../boost/operators.hpp">boost/operators.hpp</a>.<br>
<a href="http://www.boost.org/people/jeremy_siek.htm">Jeremy Siek</a>
contributed the <a href="#deref and helpers">dereference operators and iterator
helpers</a> in <a href="../../boost/operators.hpp">boost/operators.hpp</a>.<br>
<a href="http://www.boost.org/people/aleksey_gurtovoy.htm">Aleksey Gurtovoy</a>
contributed the code to support <a href="#chaining">base class chaining</a>
while remaining backward-compatible with old versions of the library.<br>
<a href="http://www.boost.org/people/beman_dawes.html">Beman Dawes</a>
contributed <a href="http://www.boost.org/libs/utility/operators_test.cpp">test_operators.cpp</a>.</p>
<h2>Rationale</h2>
<p>Overloaded operators for class types typically occur in groups. If you can
write <code>x + y</code>, you probably also want to be able to write <code>x +=
y</code>. If you can write <code>x &lt; y,</code> you also want <code>x &gt; y,
x &gt;= y,</code> and <code>x &lt;= y</code>. Moreover, unless your class has
really surprising behavior, some of these related operators can be defined in
terms of others (e.g. <code>x &gt;= y <b>&lt;=&gt;</b> !(x &lt; y)</code>).
Replicating this boilerplate for multiple classes is both tedious and
error-prone. The <a href="../../boost/operators.hpp">boost/operators.hpp</a>
templates help by generating operators for you at namespace scope based on other
operators you've defined in your class.</p>
<a name="two_arg">
<h2>Two-Argument Template Forms</h2>
</a>
<p>The arguments to a binary operator commonly have identical types, but it is
not unusual to want to define operators which combine different types. For <a href="#usage">example</a>,
one might want to multiply a mathematical vector by a scalar. The two-argument
template forms of the arithmetic operator templates are supplied for this
purpose. When applying the two-argument form of a template, the desired return
type of the operators typically determines which of the two types in question
should be derived from the operator template. For example, if the result of <code>T&nbsp;+&nbsp;U</code>
is of type <code>T</code>, then <code>T</code> (not <code>U</code>) should be
derived from <code>addable&lt;T,U&gt;</code>. The comparison templates <code><a href="#less_than_comparable">less_than_comparable&lt;&gt;</a></code>
and <code><a href="#equality_comparable">equality_comparable&lt;&gt;</a></code>
are exceptions to this guideline, since the return type of the operators they
define is <code>bool</code>.</p>
<p>On compilers which do not support partial specialization, the two-argument
forms must be specified by using the names shown below with the trailing <code>'2'</code>.
The single-argument forms with the trailing <code>'1'</code> are provided for
symmetry and to enable certain applications of the <a href="#chaining">base
class chaining</a> technique.</p>
<h2>Arithmetic operators table</h2>
<p>The requirements for the types used to instantiate operator templates are
specified in terms of expressions which must be valid and by the return type of
the expression. In the following table <code>t</code> and <code>t1</code> are
values of type <code>T</code>, and <code>u</code> is a value of type <code>U</code>.
Every template in the library other than <a href="#operators"><code>operators&lt;&gt;</code></a>
and <a href="#operators"><code>operators2&lt;&gt;</code></a> has an additional
optional template parameter <code>B</code> which is not shown in the table, but
is explained <a href="#chaining">below</a></p>
<table cellpadding="5" border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><b>template</b></td>
<td><b>template will supply</b></td>
<td><b>Requirements</b></td>
</tr>
<a name="operators">
<tr>
<td><code>operators&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td>All the other &lt;T&gt; templates in this table.</td>
<td>All the &lt;T&gt; requirements in this table.</td>
<tr>
<td><code>operators&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
operators2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td>All the other &lt;T,U&gt; templates in this table, plus incrementable&lt;T&gt;
and decrementable&lt;T&gt;.</td>
<td><b>All</b> the &lt;T,U&gt; requirements in this table</a><a href="#portability">*</a>,
plus incrementable&lt;T&gt; and decrementable&lt;T&gt;.</td>
</tr>
<a name="less_than_comparable">
<tr>
<td><code>less_than_comparable&lt;T&gt;<br>
less_than_comparable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>bool operator&gt;(const T&amp;, const T&amp;)&nbsp;<br>
bool operator&lt;=(const T&amp;, const T&amp;)<br>
bool operator&gt;=(const T&amp;, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t&lt;t1</code>. Return convertible to bool</td>
<tr>
<td><code>less_than_comparable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
less_than_comparable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>bool operator&lt;=(const T&amp;, const U&amp;)<br>
bool operator&gt;=(const T&amp;, const U&amp;)<br>
bool operator&gt;(const U&amp;, const T&amp;)&nbsp;<br>
bool operator&lt;(const U&amp;, const T&amp;)&nbsp;<br>
bool operator&lt;=(const U&amp;, const T&amp;)<br>
bool operator&gt;=(const U&amp;, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t&lt;u</code>. Return convertible to bool<br>
<code>t&gt;u</code>. Return convertible to bool</td>
</tr>
</a><a name="equality_comparable">
<tr>
<td><code>equality_comparable&lt;T&gt;<br>
equality_comparable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>bool operator!=(const T&amp;, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t==t1</code>. Return convertible to bool</td>
<tr>
<td><code>equality_comparable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
equality_comparable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>friend bool operator==(const U&amp;, const T&amp;)<br>
friend bool operator!=(const U&amp;, const T&amp;)<br>
friend bool operator!=( const T&amp;, const U&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t==u</code>. Return convertible to bool</td>
</tr>
</a>
<tr>
<td><code>addable&lt;T&gt;<br>
addable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator+(T, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t+=t1</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>addable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
addable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator+(T, const U&amp;)<br>
T operator+(const U&amp;, T )</code></td>
<td><code>t+=u</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>subtractable&lt;T&gt;<br>
subtractable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator-(T, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t-=t1</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>subtractable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
subtractable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator-(T, const U&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t-=u</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>multipliable&lt;T&gt;<br>
multipliable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator*(T, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t*=t1</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>multipliable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
multipliable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator*(T, const U&amp;)<br>
T operator*(const U&amp;, T )</code></td>
<td><code>t*=u</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dividable&lt;T&gt;<br>
dividable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator/(T, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t/=t1</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dividable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
dividable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator/(T, const U&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t/=u</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>modable&lt;T&gt;<br>
modable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator%(T, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t%=t1</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>modable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
modable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator%(T, const U&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t%=u</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>orable&lt;T&gt;<br>
orable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator|(T, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t|=t1</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>orable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
orable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator|(T, const U&amp;)<br>
T operator|(const U&amp;, T )</code></td>
<td><code>t|=u</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>andable&lt;T&gt;<br>
andable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator&amp;(T, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t&amp;=t1</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>andable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
andable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator&amp;(T, const U&amp;)<br>
T operator&amp;(const U&amp;, T)</code></td>
<td><code>t&amp;=u</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>xorable&lt;T&gt;<br>
xorable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator^(T, const T&amp;)</code></td>
<td><code>t^=t1</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>xorable&lt;T,U&gt;<br>
xorable2&lt;T,U&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator^(T, const U&amp;)<br>
T operator^(const U&amp;, T )</code></td>
<td><code>t^=u</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>incrementable&lt;T&gt;<br>
incrementable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator++(T&amp; x, int)</code></td>
<td><code>T temp(x); ++x; return temp;</code><br>
Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>decrementable&lt;T&gt;<br>
decrementable1&lt;T&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>T operator--(T&amp; x, int)</code></td>
<td><code>T temp(x); --x; return temp;</code><br>
Return convertible to <code>T</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<br>
<b><a name="portability">Portability Note:</a></b> many compilers (e.g. MSVC6.3,
GCC 2.95.2) will not enforce the requirements in this table unless the
operations which depend on them are actually used. This is not
standard-conforming behavior. If you are trying to write portable code it is
important not to rely on this bug. In particular, it would be convenient to
derive all your classes which need binary operators from the <a href="#operators"><code>operators&lt;&gt;</code></a>
and <a href="#operators"><code>operators2&lt;&gt;</code></a> templates,
regardless of whether they implement all the requirements in the table. Even if
this works with your compiler today, it may not work tomorrow.
<h2><a name="chaining">Base Class Chaining</a> and Object Size</h2>
<p>Every template listed in the table except <a href="#operators"><code>operators&lt;&gt;</code></a>
and <a href="#operators"><code>operators2&lt;&gt;</code></a> has an additional
optional template parameter <code>B</code>.&nbsp; If supplied, <code>B</code>
must be a class type; the resulting class will be publicly derived from B. This
can be used to avoid the object size bloat commonly associated with multiple
empty base classes (see the <a href="#old_lib_note">note for users of older
versions</a> below for more details). To provide support for several groups of
operators, use the additional parameter to chain operator templates into a
single-base class hierarchy, as in the following <a href="#usage">example</a>.</p>
<p><b>Caveat:</b> to chain to a base class which is <i>not</i> a boost operator
template when using the <a href="#two_arg">single-argument form</a><a> of a
boost operator template, you must specify the operator template with the
trailing <code>'1'</code> in its name. Otherwise the library will assume you
mean to define a binary operation combining the class you intend to use as a
base class and the class you're deriving.</p>
<p><b>Borland users</b>: even single-inheritance seems to cause an increase in
object size in some cases. If you are not defining a template, you may get
better object-size performance by avoiding derivation altogether, and instead
explicitly instantiating the operator template as follows:
<pre>
class myclass // lose the inheritance...
{
//...
};
// explicitly instantiate the operators I need.
template class less_than_comparable&lt;myclass&gt;;
template class equality_comparable&lt;myclass&gt;;
template class incrementable&lt;myclass&gt;;
template class decrementable&lt;myclass&gt;;
template class addable&lt;myclass,long&gt;;
template class subtractable&lt;myclass,long&gt;;
</pre>
</a><a name="usage">
<h2>Usage example</h2>
</a>
<pre>template &lt;class T&gt;
class point // note: private inheritance is OK here!
: boost::addable&lt; point&lt;T&gt; // point + point
, boost::subtractable&lt; point&lt;T&gt; // point - point
, boost::dividable2&lt; point&lt;T&gt;, T // point / T
, boost::multipliable2&lt; point&lt;T&gt;, T // point * T, T * point
&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;
{
public:
point(T, T);
T x() const;
T y() const;
point operator+=(const point&amp;);
// point operator+(point, const point&amp;) automatically
// generated by addable.
point operator-=(const point&amp;);
// point operator-(point, const point&amp;) automatically
// generated by subtractable.
point operator*=(T);
// point operator*(point, const T&amp;) and
// point operator*(const T&amp;, point) auto-generated
// by multipliable.
point operator/=(T);
// point operator/(point, const T&amp;) auto-generated
// by dividable.
private:
T x_;
T y_;
};
// now use the point&lt;&gt; class:
template &lt;class T&gt;
T length(const point&lt;T&gt; p)
{
return sqrt(p.x()*p.x() + p.y()*p.y());
}
const point&lt;float&gt; right(0, 1);
const point&lt;float&gt; up(1, 0);
const point&lt;float&gt; pi_over_4 = up + right;
const point&lt;float&gt; pi_over_4_normalized = pi_over_4 / length(pi_over_4);</pre>
<h2>Arithmetic operators demonstration and test program</h2>
<p>The <a href="http://www.boost.org/libs/utility/operators_test.cpp">operators_test.cpp</a>
program demonstrates the use of the arithmetic operator templates, and can also
be used to verify correct operation.</p>
<p>The test program has been compiled and run successfully with:&nbsp;</p>
<ul>
<li>GCC 2.95.2
<li>GCC 2.95.2 / STLport 4.0b8.
<li>Metrowerks Codewarrior 5.3
<li>KAI C++ 3.3
<li>Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 SP3.
<li>Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 SP3 / STLport 4.0b8.</li>
</ul>
<h1><a name="deref and helpers">Dereference</a> operators and iterator helpers</h1>
<p>The <a href="#Iterator helpers">iterator helper</a> templates ease the task
of creating a custom iterator. Similar to arithmetic types, a complete iterator
has many operators that are &quot;redundant&quot; and can be implemented in
terms of the core set of operators.</p>
<p>The <a href="#dereference">dereference operators</a> were motivated by the <a href="#Iterator helpers">iterator
helpers</a>, but are often useful in non-iterator contexts as well. Many of the
redundant iterator operators are also arithmetic operators, so the iterator
helper classes borrow many of the operators defined above. In fact, only two new
operators need to be defined! (the pointer-to-member <code>operator-&gt;</code>
and the subscript <code>operator[]</code>). </PP>
<h3>Notation</h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>T</code></td>
<td valign="top">is the user-defined type for which the operations are
being supplied.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>V</code></td>
<td valign="top">is the type which the resulting <code>dereferenceable</code>
type &quot;points to&quot;, or the <code>value_type</code> of the custom
iterator.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>D</code></td>
<td valign="top">is the type used to index the resulting <code>indexable</code>
type or the <code>difference_type</code> of the custom iterator.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>P</code></td>
<td valign="top">is a type which can be dereferenced to access <code>V</code>,
or the <code>pointer</code> type of the custom iterator.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>R</code></td>
<td valign="top">is the type returned by indexing the <code>indexable</code>
type or the <code>reference</code> type of the custom iterator.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>i</code></td>
<td valign="top">is short for <code>static_cast&lt;const T&amp;&gt;(*this)</code>,
where <code>this</code> is a pointer to the helper class.<br>
Another words, <code>i</code> should be an object of the custom iterator
type.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>x,x1,x2</code></td>
<td valign="top">are objects of type <code>T</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><code>n</code></td>
<td valign="top">is an object of type <code>D</code>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>The requirements for the types used to instantiate the dereference operators
and iterator helpers are specified in terms of expressions which must be valid
and their return type.&nbsp;</p>
<h2><a name="dereference">Dereference operators</a></h2>
<p>The dereference operator templates in this table all accept an optional
template parameter (not shown) to be used for <a href="#chaining">base class
chaining</a>.
<table cellpadding="5" border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><b>template</b></td>
<td><b>template will supply</b></td>
<td><b>Requirements</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>dereferenceable&lt;T,P&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>P operator-&gt;() const</code></td>
<td><code>(&amp;*i.)</code>. Return convertible to <code>P</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>indexable&lt;T,D,R&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>R operator[](D n) const</code></td>
<td><code>*(i + n)</code>. Return of type <code>R</code>.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2><a name="Iterator helpers">Iterator</a> helpers</h2>
<p>There are three separate iterator helper classes, each for a different
category of iterator. Here is a summary of the core set of operators that the
custom iterator must define, and the extra operators that are created by the
helper classes. For convenience, the helper classes also fill in all of the
typedef's required of iterators by the C++ standard (<code>iterator_category</code>,
<code>value_type</code>, etc.).</p>
<table cellpadding="5" border="1" valign="top">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><b>template</b></td>
<td><b>template will supply</b></td>
<td><b>Requirements</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>forward_iterator_helper</code><br>
<code>&lt;T,V,D,P,R&gt;</code></td>
<td><code>bool operator!=(const T&amp; x1, const T&amp; x2)</code><br>
<code>T operator++(T&amp; x, int)</code><br>
<code>V* operator-&gt;() const</code><br>
</td>
<td><code>x1==x2</code>. Return convertible to bool<br>
<code>T temp(x); ++x; return temp;</code><br>
<code>(&amp;*i.)</code>. Return convertible to <code>V*</code>.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>bidirectional_iterator_helper</code><br>
<code>&lt;T,V,D,P,R&gt;</code></td>
<td>Same as above, plus<br>
<code>T operator--(T&amp; x, int)</code></td>
<td>Same as above, plus<br>
<code>T temp(x); --x; return temp;</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>random_access_iterator_helper</code><br>
<code>&lt;T,V,D,P,R&gt;</code></td>
<td>Same as above, plus<br>
<code>T operator+(T x, const D&amp;)<br>
T operator+(const D&amp; n, T x)<br>
T operator-(T x, const D&amp; n)<br>
R operator[](D n) const<br>
bool operator&gt;(const T&amp; x1, const T&amp; x2)&nbsp;<br>
bool operator&lt;=(const T&amp; x1, const T&amp; x2)<br>
bool operator&gt;=(const T&amp; x1, const T&amp; x2)</code></td>
<td>Same as above, plus<br>
<code>x+=n</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code><br>
<code>x-=n</code>. Return convertible to <code>T</code><br>
<code>x1&lt;x2</code>. Return convertible to bool<br>
And to satisfy <a href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/RandomAccessIterator.html">RandomAccessIterator</a>:<br>
<code>x1-x2</code>. Return convertible to <code>D</code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>Iterator demonstration and test program</h2>
<p>The <a href="http://www.boost.org/libs/utility/iterators_test.cpp">iterators_test.cpp</a>
program demonstrates the use of the iterator templates, and can also be used to
verify correct operation. The following is the custom iterator defined in the
test program. It demonstrates a correct (though trivial) implementation of the
core operations that must be defined in order for the iterator helpers to
&quot;fill in&quot; the rest of the iterator operations.</p>
<blockquote>
<pre>template &lt;class T, class R, class P&gt;
struct test_iter
: public boost::random_access_iterator_helper&lt;
test_iter&lt;T,R,P&gt;, T, std::ptrdiff_t, P, R&gt;
{
typedef test_iter self;
typedef R Reference;
typedef std::ptrdiff_t Distance;
public:
test_iter(T* i) : _i(i) { }
test_iter(const self&amp; x) : _i(x._i) { }
self&amp; operator=(const self&amp; x) { _i = x._i; return *this; }
Reference operator*() const { return *_i; }
self&amp; operator++() { ++_i; return *this; }
self&amp; operator--() { --_i; return *this; }
self&amp; operator+=(Distance n) { _i += n; return *this; }
self&amp; operator-=(Distance n) { _i -= n; return *this; }
bool operator==(const self&amp; x) const { return _i == x._i; }
bool operator&lt;(const self&amp; x) const { return _i &lt; x._i; }
friend Distance operator-(const self&amp; x, const self&amp; y) {
return x._i - y._i;
}
protected:
T* _i;
};</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>It has been compiled and run successfully with:</p>
<ul>
<li>GCC 2.95.2
<li>Metrowerks Codewarrior 5.2
<li>Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 SP3</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://www.boost.org/people/jeremy_siek.htm">Jeremy Siek</a>
contributed the iterator operators and helpers.&nbsp; He also contributed <a href="http://www.boost.org/libs/utility/iterators_test.cpp">iterators_test.cpp</a>.&nbsp;</p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="old_lib_note">Note for users of older versions</a></h2>
<p>The <a href="#chaining">changes in the library interface and recommended
usage</a> were motivated by some practical issues described below. The new
version of the library is still backward-compatible with the former one (so
you're not <i>forced</i> change any existing code), but the old usage is
deprecated. Though it was arguably simpler and more intuitive than using <a href="#chaining">base
class chaining</a>, it has been discovered that the old practice of deriving
from multiple operator templates can cause the resulting classes to be much
larger than they should be. Most modern C++ compilers significantly bloat the
size of classes derived from multiple empty base classes, even though the base
classes themselves have no state. For instance, the size of <code>point&lt;int&gt;</code>
from the <a href="#usage">example</a> above was 12-24 bytes on various compilers
for the Win32 platform, instead of the expected 8 bytes.
<p>Strictly speaking, it was not the library's fault - the language rules allow
the compiler to apply the empty base class optimization in that situation. In
principle an arbitrary number of empty base classes can be allocated at the same
offset, provided that none of them have a common ancestor (see section 10.5 [class.derived],
par. 5 of the standard). But the language definition also doesn't <i>require</i>
implementations to do the optimization, and few if any of today's compilers
implement it when multiple inheritance is involved. What's worse, it is very
unlikely that implementors will adopt it as a future enhancement to existing
compilers, because it would break binary compatibility between code generated by
two different versions of the same compiler. As Matt Austern said, &quot;One of
the few times when you have the freedom to do this sort of thing is when you're
targeting a new architecture...&quot;. On the other hand, many common compilers
will use the empty base optimization for single inheritance hierarchies.</p>
<p>Given the importance of the issue for the users of the library (which aims to
be useful for writing light-weight classes like <code>MyInt</code> or <code>point&lt;&gt;</code>),
and the forces described above, we decided to change the library interface so
that the object size bloat could be eliminated even on compilers that support
only the simplest form of the empty base class optimization. The current library
interface is the result of those changes. Though the new usage is a bit more
complicated than the old one, we think it's worth it to make the library more
useful in real world. Alexy Gurtovoy contributed the code which supports the new
usage idiom while allowing the library remain backward-compatible.</p>
<hr>
<p>Revised <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->28 Sep 2000<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14938" --></p>
<p><EFBFBD> Copyright David Abrahams and Beman Dawes 1999-2000. Permission to copy,
use, modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this
copyright notice appears in all copies. This document is provided &quot;as
is&quot; without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its
suitability for any purpose.</p>
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// Demonstrate and test boost/operators.hpp -------------------------------//
// (C) Copyright Beman Dawes 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
// See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
// Revision History
// 04 Jun 00 Added regression test for a bug I found (David Abrahams)
// 17 Jun 00 Fix for broken compilers (Aleksey Gurtovoy)
// ?? ??? 00 Major update to randomly test all one- and two- argument forms by
// wrapping integral types and comparing the results of operations to
// the results for the raw types (David Abrahams)
// 12 Dec 99 Minor update, output confirmation message.
// 15 Nov 99 Initial version
#include <boost/operators.hpp>
#include <cassert>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/min_rand.hpp>
namespace
{
// avoiding a template version of true_value so as to not confuse VC++
int true_value(int x) { return x; }
long true_value(long x) { return x; }
signed char true_value(signed char x) { return x; }
unsigned int true_value(unsigned int x) { return x; }
unsigned long true_value(unsigned long x) { return x; }
unsigned char true_value(unsigned char x) { return x; }
// The use of operators<> here tended to obscure interactions with certain
// compiler bugs
template <class T>
class Wrapped1 : boost::operators<Wrapped1<T> >
{
public:
explicit Wrapped1( T v = T() ) : _value(v) {}
T value() const { return _value; }
bool operator<(const Wrapped1& x) const { return _value < x._value; }
bool operator==(const Wrapped1& x) const { return _value == x._value; }
Wrapped1& operator+=(const Wrapped1& x)
{ _value += x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator-=(const Wrapped1& x)
{ _value -= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator*=(const Wrapped1& x)
{ _value *= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator/=(const Wrapped1& x)
{ _value /= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator%=(const Wrapped1& x)
{ _value %= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator|=(const Wrapped1& x)
{ _value |= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator&=(const Wrapped1& x)
{ _value &= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator^=(const Wrapped1& x)
{ _value ^= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator++() { ++_value; return *this; }
Wrapped1& operator--() { --_value; return *this; }
private:
T _value;
};
template <class T>
T true_value(Wrapped1<T> x) { return x.value(); }
template <class T, class U>
class Wrapped2 :
boost::operators<Wrapped2<T, U> >,
boost::operators2<Wrapped2<T, U>, U>
{
public:
explicit Wrapped2( T v = T() ) : _value(v) {}
T value() const { return _value; }
bool operator<(const Wrapped2& x) const { return _value < x._value; }
bool operator==(const Wrapped2& x) const { return _value == x._value; }
Wrapped2& operator+=(const Wrapped2& x)
{ _value += x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator-=(const Wrapped2& x)
{ _value -= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator*=(const Wrapped2& x)
{ _value *= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator/=(const Wrapped2& x)
{ _value /= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator%=(const Wrapped2& x)
{ _value %= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator|=(const Wrapped2& x)
{ _value |= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator&=(const Wrapped2& x)
{ _value &= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator^=(const Wrapped2& x)
{ _value ^= x._value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator++() { ++_value; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator--() { --_value; return *this; }
bool operator<(U u) const { return _value < u; }
bool operator>(U u) const { return _value > u; }
bool operator==(U u) const { return _value == u; }
Wrapped2& operator+=(U u) { _value += u; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator-=(U u) { _value -= u; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator*=(U u) { _value *= u; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator/=(U u) { _value /= u; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator%=(U u) { _value %= u; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator|=(U u) { _value |= u; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator&=(U u) { _value &= u; return *this; }
Wrapped2& operator^=(U u) { _value ^= u; return *this; }
private:
T _value;
};
template <class T, class U>
T true_value(Wrapped2<T,U> x) { return x.value(); }
// MyInt uses only the single template-argument form of all_operators<>
typedef Wrapped1<int> MyInt;
typedef Wrapped2<long, long> MyLong;
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void sanity_check(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
assert(true_value(y1) == true_value(y2));
assert(true_value(x1) == true_value(x2));
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_less_than_comparable_aux(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
assert((x1 < y1) == (x2 < y2));
assert((x1 <= y1) == (x2 <= y2));
assert((x1 >= y1) == (x2 >= y2));
assert((x1 > y1) == (x2 > y2));
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_less_than_comparable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_less_than_comparable_aux(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_less_than_comparable_aux(y1, x1, y2, x2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_equality_comparable_aux(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
assert((x1 == y1) == (x2 == y2));
assert((x1 != y1) == (x2 != y2));
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_equality_comparable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_equality_comparable_aux(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_equality_comparable_aux(y1, x1, y2, x2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_multipliable_aux(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
assert((x1 * y1).value() == (x2 * y2));
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_multipliable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_multipliable_aux(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_multipliable_aux(y1, x1, y2, x2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_addable_aux(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
assert((x1 + y1).value() == (x2 + y2));
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_addable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_addable_aux(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_addable_aux(y1, x1, y2, x2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_subtractable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
assert((x1 - y1).value() == x2 - y2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_dividable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
if (y2 != 0)
assert((x1 / y1).value() == x2 / y2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_modable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
if (y2 != 0)
assert((x1 / y1).value() == x2 / y2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_xorable_aux(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
assert((x1 ^ y1).value() == (x2 ^ y2));
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_xorable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_xorable_aux(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_xorable_aux(y1, x1, y2, x2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_andable_aux(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
assert((x1 & y1).value() == (x2 & y2));
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_andable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_andable_aux(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_andable_aux(y1, x1, y2, x2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_orable_aux(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
assert((x1 | y1).value() == (x2 | y2));
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_orable(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
sanity_check(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_orable_aux(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_orable_aux(y1, x1, y2, x2);
}
template <class X1, class X2>
void test_incrementable(X1 x1, X2 x2)
{
sanity_check(x1, x1, x2, x2);
assert(x1++.value() == x2++);
assert(x1.value() == x2);
}
template <class X1, class X2>
void test_decrementable(X1 x1, X2 x2)
{
sanity_check(x1, x1, x2, x2);
assert(x1--.value() == x2--);
assert(x1.value() == x2);
}
template <class X1, class Y1, class X2, class Y2>
void test_all(X1 x1, Y1 y1, X2 x2, Y2 y2)
{
test_less_than_comparable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_equality_comparable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_multipliable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_addable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_subtractable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_dividable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_modable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_xorable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_andable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_orable(x1, y1, x2, y2);
test_incrementable(x1, x2);
test_decrementable(x1, x2);
}
template <class Big, class Small>
struct tester
{
void operator()(boost::min_rand& randomizer) const
{
Big b1 = Big(randomizer());
Big b2 = Big(randomizer());
Small s = Small(randomizer());
test_all(Wrapped1<Big>(b1), Wrapped1<Big>(b2), b1, b2);
test_all(Wrapped2<Big, Small>(b1), s, b1, s);
}
};
// added as a regression test. We had a bug which this uncovered.
struct Point
: boost::addable<Point,
boost::subtractable<Point> >
{
Point( int h, int v ) : h(h), v(v) {}
Point() :h(0), v(0) {}
const Point& operator+=( const Point& rhs ) { h += rhs.h; v += rhs.v; return *this; }
const Point& operator-=( const Point& rhs ) { h -= rhs.h; v -= rhs.v; return *this; }
int h;
int v;
};
} // unnamed namespace
// workaround for MSVC bug; for some reasons the compiler doesn't instantiate
// inherited operator templates at the moment it must, so the following
// explicit instantiations force it to do that.
#if defined(BOOST_MSVC) && (_MSC_VER <= 1200)
template Wrapped1<int>;
template Wrapped1<long>;
template Wrapped1<unsigned int>;
template Wrapped1<unsigned long>;
template Wrapped2<int, int>;
template Wrapped2<int, signed char>;
template Wrapped2<long, signed char>;
template Wrapped2<long, int>;
template Wrapped2<long, long>;
template Wrapped2<unsigned int, unsigned int>;
template Wrapped2<unsigned int, unsigned char>;
template Wrapped2<unsigned long, unsigned int>;
template Wrapped2<unsigned long, unsigned char>;
template Wrapped2<unsigned long, unsigned long>;
#endif
#ifdef NDEBUG
#error This program is pointless when NDEBUG disables assert()!
#endif
int main()
{
// Regression test.
Point x;
x = x + Point(3, 4);
x = x - Point(3, 4);
for (int n = 0; n < 10000; ++n)
{
boost::min_rand r;
tester<long, int>()(r);
tester<long, signed char>()(r);
tester<long, long>()(r);
tester<int, int>()(r);
tester<int, signed char>()(r);
tester<unsigned long, unsigned int>()(r);
tester<unsigned long, unsigned char>()(r);
tester<unsigned long, unsigned long>()(r);
tester<unsigned int, unsigned int>()(r);
tester<unsigned int, unsigned char>()(r);
}
MyInt i1(1);
MyInt i2(2);
MyInt i;
assert( i1.value() == 1 );
assert( i2.value() == 2 );
assert( i.value() == 0 );
i = i2;
assert( i.value() == 2 );
assert( i2 == i );
assert( i1 != i2 );
assert( i1 < i2 );
assert( i1 <= i2 );
assert( i <= i2 );
assert( i2 > i1 );
assert( i2 >= i1 );
assert( i2 >= i );
i = i1 + i2; assert( i.value() == 3 );
i = i + i2; assert( i.value() == 5 );
i = i - i1; assert( i.value() == 4 );
i = i * i2; assert( i.value() == 8 );
i = i / i2; assert( i.value() == 4 );
i = i % (i - i1); assert( i.value() == 1 );
i = i2 + i2; assert( i.value() == 4 );
i = i1 | i2 | i; assert( i.value() == 7 );
i = i & i2; assert( i.value() == 2 );
i = i + i1; assert( i.value() == 3 );
i = i ^ i1; assert( i.value() == 2 );
i = (i+i1)*(i2|i1); assert( i.value() == 9 );
MyLong j1(1);
MyLong j2(2);
MyLong j;
assert( j1.value() == 1 );
assert( j2.value() == 2 );
assert( j.value() == 0 );
j = j2;
assert( j.value() == 2 );
assert( j2 == j );
assert( 2 == j );
assert( j2 == 2 );
assert( j == j2 );
assert( j1 != j2 );
assert( j1 != 2 );
assert( 1 != j2 );
assert( j1 < j2 );
assert( 1 < j2 );
assert( j1 < 2 );
assert( j1 <= j2 );
assert( 1 <= j2 );
assert( j1 <= j );
assert( j <= j2 );
assert( 2 <= j2 );
assert( j <= 2 );
assert( j2 > j1 );
assert( 2 > j1 );
assert( j2 > 1 );
assert( j2 >= j1 );
assert( 2 >= j1 );
assert( j2 >= 1 );
assert( j2 >= j );
assert( 2 >= j );
assert( j2 >= 2 );
assert( (j1 + 2) == 3 );
assert( (1 + j2) == 3 );
j = j1 + j2; assert( j.value() == 3 );
assert( (j + 2) == 5 );
assert( (3 + j2) == 5 );
j = j + j2; assert( j.value() == 5 );
assert( (j - 1) == 4 );
j = j - j1; assert( j.value() == 4 );
assert( (j * 2) == 8 );
assert( (4 * j2) == 8 );
j = j * j2; assert( j.value() == 8 );
assert( (j / 2) == 4 );
j = j / j2; assert( j.value() == 4 );
assert( (j % 3) == 1 );
j = j % (j - j1); assert( j.value() == 1 );
j = j2 + j2; assert( j.value() == 4 );
assert( (1 | j2 | j) == 7 );
assert( (j1 | 2 | j) == 7 );
assert( (j1 | j2 | 4) == 7 );
j = j1 | j2 | j; assert( j.value() == 7 );
assert( (7 & j2) == 2 );
assert( (j & 2) == 2 );
j = j & j2; assert( j.value() == 2 );
j = j | j1; assert( j.value() == 3 );
assert( (3 ^ j1) == 2 );
assert( (j ^ 1) == 2 );
j = j ^ j1; assert( j.value() == 2 );
j = (j+j1)*(j2|j1); assert( j.value() == 9 );
std::cout << "0 errors detected\n";
return 0;
}

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@ -1,391 +0,0 @@
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align="center" width="277" height="86">
<h1>Projection Iterator Adaptor</h1>
Defined in header
<a href="../../boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp">boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp</a>
<p>
The projection iterator adaptor is similar to the <a
href="./transform_iterator.htm">transform iterator adaptor</a> in that
its <tt>operator*()</tt> applies some function to the result of
dereferencing the base iterator and then returns the result. The
difference is that the function must return a reference to some
existing object (for example, a data member within the
<tt>value_type</tt> of the base iterator). The following
<b>pseudo-code</b> gives the basic idea. The data member <tt>p</tt> is
the function object.
<pre>
reference projection_iterator::operator*() const {
return this->p(*this->base_iterator);
}
</pre>
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<pre>
namespace boost {
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class BaseIterator&gt;
struct projection_iterator_generator;
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>,
class BaseIterator, class ConstBaseIterator&gt;
struct projection_iterator_pair_generator;
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class BaseIterator&gt;
typename projection_iterator_generator&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction, BaseIterator&gt;::type
make_projection_iterator(BaseIterator base,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction& p = AdaptableUnaryFunction())
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class ConstBaseIterator&gt;
typename projection_iterator_generator&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction, ConstBaseIterator&gt;::type
make_const_projection_iterator(ConstBaseIterator base,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction& p = AdaptableUnaryFunction())
}
</pre>
<hr>
<h2><a name="projection_iterator_generator">The Projection Iterator Type
Generator</a></h2>
The class <tt>projection_iterator_generator</tt> is a helper class
whose purpose is to construct an projection iterator type. The main
template parameter for this class is the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html"><tt>AdaptableUnaryFunction</tt></a>
function object type and the <tt>BaseIterator</tt> type that is being
wrapped.
<pre>
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class BaseIterator&gt;
class projection_iterator_generator
{
public:
typedef <tt><a href="./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt...&gt;</tt> type; // the resulting projection iterator type
};
</pre>
<h3>Example</h3>
In the following example we have a list of personnel records. Each
record has an employee's name and ID number. We want to be able to
traverse through the list accessing either the name or the ID numbers
of the employees using the projection iterator so we create the
function object classes <tt>select_name</tt> and
<tt>select_ID</tt>. We then use the
<tt>projection_iterator_generator</tt> class to create a projection
iterator and use it to print out the names of the employees.
<pre>
#include &lt;boost/config.hpp&gt;
#include &lt;list&gt;
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;iterator&gt;
#include &lt;algorithm&gt;
#include &lt;string&gt;
#include &lt;boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp&gt;
struct personnel_record {
personnel_record(std::string n, int id) : m_name(n), m_ID(id) { }
std::string m_name;
int m_ID;
};
struct select_name {
typedef personnel_record argument_type;
typedef std::string result_type;
const std::string&amp; operator()(const personnel_record&amp; r) const {
return r.m_name;
}
std::string&amp; operator()(personnel_record&amp; r) const {
return r.m_name;
}
};
struct select_ID {
typedef personnel_record argument_type;
typedef int result_type;
const int&amp; operator()(const personnel_record&amp; r) const {
return r.m_ID;
}
int&amp; operator()(personnel_record&amp; r) const {
return r.m_ID;
}
};
int main(int, char*[])
{
std::list&lt;personnel_record&gt; personnel_list;
personnel_list.push_back(personnel_record("Barney", 13423));
personnel_list.push_back(personnel_record("Fred", 12343));
personnel_list.push_back(personnel_record("Wilma", 62454));
personnel_list.push_back(personnel_record("Betty", 20490));
// Example of using projection_iterator_generator
// to print out the names in the personnel list.
boost::projection_iterator_generator&lt;select_name,
std::list&lt;personnel_record&gt;::iterator&gt;::type
personnel_first(personnel_list.begin()),
personnel_last(personnel_list.end());
std::copy(personnel_first, personnel_last,
std::ostream_iterator&lt;std::string&gt;(std::cout, "\n"));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// to be continued...
</pre>
The output for this part is:
<pre>
Barney
Fred
Wilma
Betty
</pre>
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>Parameter</TH><TH>Description</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html"><tt>AdaptableUnaryFunction</tt></a></TD>
<TD>The type of the function object. The <tt>argument_type</tt> of the
function must match the value type of the base iterator. The function
should return a reference to the function's <tt>result_type</tt>.
The <tt>result_type</tt> will be the resulting iterator's <tt>value_type</tt>.
</TD>
</TD>
<TR>
<TD><tt>BaseIterator</tt></TD>
<TD>The iterator type being wrapped.</TD>
</TD>
</TR>
</Table>
<h3>Model of</h3>
If the base iterator is a model of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a> then so is the resulting projection iterator. If
the base iterator supports less functionality than this the resulting
projection iterator will also support less functionality.
<h3>Members</h3>
The projection iterator type implements the member functions and
operators required of the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a> concept.
In addition it has the following constructor:
<pre>
projection_iterator_generator::type(const BaseIterator&amp; it,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction&amp; p = AdaptableUnaryFunction())
</pre>
<p>
<hr>
<p>
<h2><a name="projection_iterator_pair_generator">The Projection Iterator Pair
Generator</a></h2>
Sometimes a mutable/const pair of iterator types is needed, such as
when implementing a container type. The
<tt>projection_iterator_pair_generator</tt> class makes it more
convenient to create this pair of iterator types.
<pre>
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class BaseIterator, class ConstBaseIterator&gt;
class projection_iterator_pair_generator
{
public:
typedef <tt><a href="./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt...&gt;</tt> iterator; // the mutable projection iterator type
typedef <tt><a href="./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt...&gt;</tt> const_iterator; // the immutable projection iterator type
};
</pre>
<h3>Example</h3>
In this part of the example we use the
<tt>projection_iterator_pair_generator</tt> to create a mutable/const
pair of projection iterators that access the ID numbers of the
personnel. We use the mutable iterator to re-index the ID numbers from
zero. We then use the constant iterator to print the ID numbers out.
<pre>
// continuing from the last example...
typedef boost::projection_iterator_pair_generator&lt;select_ID,
std::list&lt;personnel_record&gt;::iterator,
std::list&lt;personnel_record&gt;::const_iterator&gt; PairGen;
PairGen::iterator ID_first(personnel_list.begin()),
ID_last(personnel_list.end());
int new_id = 0;
while (ID_first != ID_last) {
*ID_first = new_id++;
++ID_first;
}
PairGen::const_iterator const_ID_first(personnel_list.begin()),
const_ID_last(personnel_list.end());
std::copy(const_ID_first, const_ID_last,
std::ostream_iterator&lt;int&gt;(std::cout, " "));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// to be continued...
</pre&gt;
The output is:
<pre>
0 1 2 3
</pre>
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>Parameter</TH><TH>Description</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html"><tt>AdaptableUnaryFunction</tt></a></TD>
<TD>The type of the function object. The <tt>argument_type</tt> of the
function must match the value type of the base iterator. The function
should return a true reference to the function's <tt>result_type</tt>.
The <tt>result_type</tt> will be the resulting iterator's <tt>value_type</tt>.
</TD>
</TD>
<TR>
<TD><tt>BaseIterator</tt></TD>
<TD>The mutable iterator type being wrapped.</TD>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>ConstBaseIterator</tt></TD>
<TD>The constant iterator type being wrapped.</TD>
</TD>
</TR>
</Table>
<h3>Model of</h3>
If the base iterator types model the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a> then so do the resulting projection iterator
types. If the base iterators support less functionality the
resulting projection iterator types will also support less
functionality. The resulting <tt>iterator</tt> type is mutable, and
the resulting <tt>const_iterator</tt> type is constant.
<h3>Members</h3>
The resulting <tt>iterator</tt> and <tt>const_iterator</tt> types
implements the member functions and operators required of the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random
Access Iterator</a> concept. In addition they support the following
constructors:
<pre>
projection_iterator_pair_generator::iterator(const BaseIterator&amp; it,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction&amp; p = AdaptableUnaryFunction())</pre>
<pre>
projection_iterator_pair_generator::const_iterator(const BaseIterator&amp; it,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction&amp; p = AdaptableUnaryFunction())
</pre>
<p>
<hr>
<p>
<h2><a name="make_projection_iterator">The Projection Iterator Object Generators</a></h2>
The <tt>make_projection_iterator()</tt> and
<tt>make_const_projection_iterator()</tt> functions provide a more
convenient way to create projection iterator objects. The functions
save the user the trouble of explicitly writing out the iterator
types.
<pre>
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class BaseIterator&gt;
typename projection_iterator_generator&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction, BaseIterator&gt;::type
make_projection_iterator(BaseIterator base,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction& p = AdaptableUnaryFunction())
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class ConstBaseIterator&gt;
typename projection_iterator_generator&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction, ConstBaseIterator&gt;::type
make_const_projection_iterator(ConstBaseIterator base,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction& p = AdaptableUnaryFunction())
</pre>
<h3>Example</h3>
In this part of the example, we again print out the names of the
personnel, but this time we use the
<tt>make_const_projection_iterator()</tt> function to save some typing.
<pre>
// continuing from the last example...
std::copy
(boost::make_const_projection_iterator&lt;select_name&gt;(personnel_list.begin()),
boost::make_const_projection_iterator&lt;select_name&gt;(personnel_list.end()),
std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(std::cout, "\n"));
return 0;
}
</pre>
The output is:
<pre>
Barney
Fred
Wilma
Betty
</pre>
<hr>
<p>Revised <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->28 Feb 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14390" --></p>
<p><EFBFBD> Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use,
modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
notice appears in all copies. This document is provided &quot;as is&quot;
without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
any purpose.</p>
</body>
</html>
<!-- LocalWords: html charset alt gif hpp BaseIterator const namespace struct
-->
<!-- LocalWords: ConstPointer ConstReference typename iostream int abcdefg
-->
<!-- LocalWords: sizeof PairGen pre Siek htm AdaptableUnaryFunction
-->
<!-- LocalWords: ConstBaseIterator
-->

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <list>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
struct personnel_record {
personnel_record(std::string n, int id) : m_name(n), m_ID(id) { }
std::string m_name;
int m_ID;
};
struct select_name {
typedef personnel_record argument_type;
typedef std::string result_type;
const std::string& operator()(const personnel_record& r) const {
return r.m_name;
}
std::string& operator()(personnel_record& r) const {
return r.m_name;
}
};
struct select_ID {
typedef personnel_record argument_type;
typedef int result_type;
const int& operator()(const personnel_record& r) const {
return r.m_ID;
}
int& operator()(personnel_record& r) const {
return r.m_ID;
}
};
int main(int, char*[])
{
std::list<personnel_record> personnel_list;
personnel_list.push_back(personnel_record("Barney", 13423));
personnel_list.push_back(personnel_record("Fred", 12343));
personnel_list.push_back(personnel_record("Wilma", 62454));
personnel_list.push_back(personnel_record("Betty", 20490));
// Example of using projection_iterator_generator
// to print out the names in the personnel list.
boost::projection_iterator_generator<select_name,
std::list<personnel_record>::iterator>::type
personnel_first(personnel_list.begin()),
personnel_last(personnel_list.end());
std::copy(personnel_first, personnel_last,
std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(std::cout, "\n"));
std::cout << std::endl;
// Example of using projection_iterator_pair_generator
// to assign new ID numbers to the personnel.
typedef boost::projection_iterator_pair_generator<select_ID,
std::list<personnel_record>::iterator,
std::list<personnel_record>::const_iterator> PairGen;
PairGen::iterator ID_first(personnel_list.begin()),
ID_last(personnel_list.end());
int new_id = 0;
while (ID_first != ID_last) {
*ID_first = new_id++;
++ID_first;
}
PairGen::const_iterator const_ID_first(personnel_list.begin()),
const_ID_last(personnel_list.end());
std::copy(const_ID_first, const_ID_last,
std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
std::cout << std::endl;
// Example of using make_const_projection_iterator()
// to print out the names in the personnel list again.
std::copy
(boost::make_const_projection_iterator<select_name>(personnel_list.begin()),
boost::make_const_projection_iterator<select_name>(personnel_list.end()),
std::ostream_iterator<std::string>(std::cout, "\n"));
return 0;
}

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<h1>Reverse Iterator Adaptor</h1>
Defined in header <a href=
"../../boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp">boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp</a>
<p>The reverse iterator adaptor flips the direction of a base iterator's
motion. Invoking <tt>operator++()</tt> moves the base iterator backward and
invoking <tt>operator--()</tt> moves the base iterator forward. The Boost
reverse iterator adaptor is better to use than the
<tt>std::reverse_iterator</tt> class in situations where pairs of
mutable/constant iterators are needed (e.g., in containers) because
comparisons and conversions between the mutable and const versions are
implemented correctly.
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<pre>
namespace boost {
template &lt;class <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">BidirectionalIterator</a>,
class Value, class Reference, class Pointer, class Category, class Distance&gt;
struct reverse_iterator_generator;
template &lt;class <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">BidirectionalIterator</a>&gt;
typename reverse_iterator_generator&lt;BidirectionalIterator&gt;::type
make_reverse_iterator(BidirectionalIterator base)
}
</pre>
<hr>
<h2><a name="reverse_iterator_generator">The Reverse Iterator Type
Generator</a></h2>
The <tt>reverse_iterator_generator</tt> template is a <a href=
"../../more/generic_programming.html#type_generator">generator</a> of
reverse iterator types. The main template parameter for this class is the
base <tt>BidirectionalIterator</tt> type that is being adapted. In most
cases the associated types of the base iterator can be deduced using
<tt>std::iterator_traits</tt>, but in some situations the user may want to
override these types, so there are also template parameters for the base
iterator's associated types.
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">BidirectionalIterator</a>,
class Value, class Reference, class Pointer, class Category, class Distance&gt;
class reverse_iterator_generator
{
public:
typedef <tt><a href=
"./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt;...&gt;</tt> type; // the resulting reverse iterator type
};
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Example</h3>
In this example we sort a sequence of letters and then output the sequence
in descending order using reverse iterators.
<blockquote>
<pre>
#include &lt;boost/config.hpp&gt;
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;algorithm&gt;
#include &lt;boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp&gt;
int main(int, char*[])
{
char letters[] = "hello world!";
const int N = sizeof(letters)/sizeof(char) - 1;
std::cout &lt;&lt; "original sequence of letters:\t"
&lt;&lt; letters &lt;&lt; std::endl;
std::sort(letters, letters + N);
// Use reverse_iterator_generator to print a sequence
// of letters in reverse order.
boost::reverse_iterator_generator&lt;char*&gt;::type
reverse_letters_first(letters + N),
reverse_letters_last(letters);
std::cout &lt;&lt; "letters in descending order:\t";
std::copy(reverse_letters_first, reverse_letters_last,
std::ostream_iterator&lt;char&gt;(std::cout));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// to be continued...
</pre>
</blockquote>
The output is:
<blockquote>
<pre>
original sequence of letters: hello world!
letters in descending order: wroolllhed!
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<table border>
<tr>
<th>Parameter
<th>Description
<tr>
<td><tt><a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">BidirectionalIterator</a></tt>
<td>The iterator type being wrapped.
<tr>
<td><tt>Value</tt>
<td>The value-type of the base iterator and the resulting reverse
iterator.<br>
<b>Default:</b><tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BidirectionalIterator&gt;::value_type</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>Reference</tt>
<td>The <tt>reference</tt> type of the resulting iterator, and in
particular, the result type of <tt>operator*()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> If <tt>Value</tt> is supplied, <tt>Value&amp;</tt> is
used. Otherwise
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BidirectionalIterator&gt;::reference</tt>
is used.
<tr>
<td><tt>Pointer</tt>
<td>The <tt>pointer</tt> type of the resulting iterator, and in
particular, the result type of <tt>operator-&gt;()</tt>.<br>
<b>Default:</b> If <tt>Value</tt> was supplied, then <tt>Value*</tt>,
otherwise
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BidirectionalIterator&gt;::pointer</tt>.
<tr>
<td><tt>Category</tt>
<td>The <tt>iterator_category</tt> type for the resulting iterator.<br>
<b>Default:</b>
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BidirectionalIterator&gt;::iterator_category</tt>
<tr>
<td><tt>Distance</tt>
<td>The <tt>difference_type</tt> for the resulting iterator.<br>
<b>Default:</b>
<tt>std::iterator_traits&lt;BidirectionalIterator&amp;gt::difference_type</tt>
</table>
<h3>Concept Model</h3>
The indirect iterator will model whichever <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/Iterators.html">standard iterator concept
category</a> is modeled by the base iterator. Thus, if the base iterator is
a model of <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access
Iterator</a> then so is the resulting indirect iterator. If the base
iterator models a more restrictive concept, the resulting indirect iterator
will model the same concept. The base iterator must be at least a <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/BidirectionalIterator.html">Bidirectional
Iterator</a>
<h3>Members</h3>
The reverse iterator type implements the member functions and operators
required of the <a href=
"http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access
Iterator</a> concept. In addition it has the following constructor:
<blockquote>
<pre>
reverse_iterator_generator::type(const BidirectionalIterator&amp; it)
</pre>
</blockquote>
<br>
<br>
<hr>
<p>
<h2><a name="make_reverse_iterator">The Reverse Iterator Object
Generator</a></h2>
The <tt>make_reverse_iterator()</tt> function provides a more convenient
way to create reverse iterator objects. The function saves the user the
trouble of explicitly writing out the iterator types.
<blockquote>
<pre>
template &lt;class BidirectionalIterator&gt;
typename reverse_iterator_generator&lt;BidirectionalIterator&gt;::type
make_reverse_iterator(BidirectionalIterator base);
</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Example</h3>
In this part of the example we use <tt>make_reverse_iterator()</tt> to
print the sequence of letters in reverse-reverse order, which is the
original order.
<blockquote>
<pre>
// continuing from the previous example...
std::cout &lt;&lt; "letters in ascending order:\t";
std::copy(boost::make_reverse_iterator(reverse_letters_last),
boost::make_reverse_iterator(reverse_letters_first),
std::ostream_iterator&lt;char&gt;(std::cout));
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
return 0;
}
</pre>
</blockquote>
The output is:
<blockquote>
<pre>
letters in ascending order: !dehllloorw
</pre>
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h2><a name="interactions">Constant/Mutable Iterator Interactions</a></h2>
<p>One failing of the standard <tt><a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ReverseIterator.html">reverse_iterator</a></tt>
adaptor is that it doesn't properly support interactions between adapted
<tt>const</tt> and non-<tt>const</tt> iterators. For example:
<blockquote>
<pre>
#include &lt;vector&gt;
template &lt;class T&gt; void convert(T x) {}
// Test interactions of a matched pair of random access iterators
template &lt;class Iterator, class ConstIterator&gt;
void test_interactions(Iterator i, ConstIterator ci)
{
bool eq = i == ci; // comparisons
bool ne = i != ci;
bool lt = i &lt; ci;
bool le = i &lt;= ci;
bool gt = i &gt; ci;
bool ge = i &gt;= ci;
std::size_t distance = i - ci; // difference
ci = i; // assignment
ConstIterator ci2(i); // construction
convert&lt;ConstIterator&gt;(i); // implicit conversion
}
void f()
{
typedef std::vector&lt;int&gt; vec;
vec v;
const vec&amp; cv;
test_interactions(v.begin(), cv.begin()); // <font color="#007F00">OK</font>
test_interactions(v.rbegin(), cv.rbegin()); // <font color="#FF0000">ERRORS ON EVERY TEST!!</font>
</pre>
</blockquote>
Reverse iterators created with <tt>boost::reverse_iterator_generator</tt> don't have this problem, though:
<blockquote>
<pre>
typedef boost::reverse_iterator_generator&lt;vec::iterator&gt;::type ri;
typedef boost::reverse_iterator_generator&lt;vec::const_iterator&gt;::type cri;
test_interactions(ri(v.begin()), cri(cv.begin())); // <font color="#007F00">OK!!</font>
</pre>
</blockquote>
Or, more simply,
<blockquote>
<pre>
test_interactions(
boost::make_reverse_iterator(v.begin()),
boost::make_reverse_iterator(cv.begin())); // <font color="#007F00">OK!!</font>
}
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If you are wondering why there is no
<tt>reverse_iterator_pair_generator</tt> in the manner of <tt><a
href="projection_iterator.htm#projection_iterator_pair_generator">projection_iterator_pair_generator</a></tt>,
the answer is simple: we tried it, but found that in practice it took
<i>more</i> typing to use <tt>reverse_iterator_pair_generator</tt> than to
simply use <tt>reverse_iterator_generator</tt> twice!<br><br>
<hr>
<p>Revised
<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->28 Feb 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14390" -->
<p>&copy; Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell
and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright notice
appears in all copies. This document is provided "as is" without express or
implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
<!-- LocalWords: html charset alt gif hpp BidirectionalIterator const namespace struct
-->
<!-- LocalWords: ConstPointer ConstReference typename iostream int abcdefg
-->
<!-- LocalWords: sizeof PairGen pre Siek wroolllhed dehllloorw
-->
</body>
</html>

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
int main(int, char*[])
{
char letters[] = "hello world!";
const int N = sizeof(letters)/sizeof(char) - 1;
std::cout << "original sequence of letters:\t"
<< letters << std::endl;
std::sort(letters, letters + N);
// Use reverse_iterator_generator to print a sequence
// of letters in reverse order.
boost::reverse_iterator_generator<char*>::type
reverse_letters_first(letters + N),
reverse_letters_last(letters);
std::cout << "letters in descending order:\t";
std::copy(reverse_letters_first, reverse_letters_last,
std::ostream_iterator<char>(std::cout));
std::cout << std::endl;
// Use make_reverse_iterator() to print the sequence
// of letters in reverse-reverse order.
std::cout << "letters in ascending order:\t";
std::copy(boost::make_reverse_iterator(reverse_letters_last),
boost::make_reverse_iterator(reverse_letters_first),
std::ostream_iterator<char>(std::cout));
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}

137
tie.html
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<HTML>
<!--
-- Copyright (c) Jeremy Siek, Lie-Quan Lee, and Andrew Lumsdaine 2000
--
-- Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute and sell this software
-- and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
-- provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies and
-- that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear
-- in supporting documentation. We make no
-- representations about the suitability of this software for any
-- purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
-->
<Head>
<Title>Boost Tie</Title>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffff" LINK="#0000ee" TEXT="#000000" VLINK="#551a8b"
ALINK="#ff0000">
<IMG SRC="../../c++boost.gif"
ALT="C++ Boost" width="277" height="86">
<BR Clear>
<H1><A NAME="sec:tie"></A>
<TT>tie</TT>
</H1>
<P>
<PRE>
template &lt;class A, class B&gt;
tied&lt;A,B&gt; tie(A&amp; a, B&amp; b);
</PRE>
<P>
This is a utility function that makes it more convenient to work with
a function which returns a std::pair&lt;&gt;. The effect of the <TT>tie()</TT>
function is to allow the assignment of the two values of the pair to
two separate variables. The idea for this comes from Jaakko
J&#228;rvi's Binders&nbsp;[<A
HREF="../graph/doc/bibliography.html#jaakko_tuple_assign">1</A>].
<P>
<H3>Where Defined</H3>
<P>
<a href="../../boost/utility.hpp"><TT>boost/utility.hpp</TT></a>
<P>
<H3>Example</H3>
<P>
An example of using the <TT>tie()</TT> function with the
<TT>vertices()</TT> function, which returns a pair of
type <TT>std::pair&lt;vertex_iterator,vertex_iterator&gt;</TT>. The
pair of iterators is assigned to the iterator variables <TT>i</TT> and
<TT>end</TT>.
<P>
<PRE>
graph_traits&lt; adjacency_list&lt;&gt; &gt;::vertex_iterator i, end;
for(tie(i,end) = vertices(G); i != end; ++i)
// ...
</PRE>
<P>
Here is another example that uses <TT>tie()</TT> for handling operations with <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/set.html"><TT>std::set</TT></a>.
<P>
<PRE>
#include &lt;set&gt;
#include &lt;algorithm&gt;
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;boost/utility.hpp&gt;
int
main(int, char*[])
{
{
typedef std::set&lt;int&gt; SetT;
SetT::iterator i, end;
bool inserted;
int vals[5] = { 5, 2, 4, 9, 1 };
SetT s(vals, vals + 5);
// Using tie() with a return value of pair&lt;iterator,bool&gt;
int new_vals[2] = { 3, 9 };
for (int k = 0; k &lt; 2; ++k) {
boost::tie(i,inserted) = s.insert(new_vals[k]);
if (!inserted)
std::cout &lt;&lt; *i &lt;&lt; &quot; was already in the set.&quot; &lt;&lt; std::endl;
else
std::cout &lt;&lt; *i &lt;&lt; &quot; successfully inserted.&quot; &lt;&lt; std::endl;
}
}
{
int* i, *end;
int vals[6] = { 5, 2, 4, 4, 9, 1 };
std::sort(vals, vals + 6);
// Using tie() with a return value of pair&lt;iterator,iterator&gt;
boost::tie(i,end) = std::equal_range(vals, vals + 6, 4);
std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;There were &quot; &lt;&lt; std::distance(i,end)
&lt;&lt; &quot; occurrences of &quot; &lt;&lt; *i &lt;&lt; &quot;.&quot; &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// Footnote: of course one would normally just use std::count()
// to get this information, but that would spoil the example :)
}
return 0;
}
</PRE>
The output is:
<PRE>
3 successfully inserted.
9 was already in the set.
There were 2 occurrences of 4.
</PRE>
<br>
<HR>
<TABLE>
<TR valign=top>
<TD nowrap>Copyright &copy 2000</TD><TD>
<A HREF=http://www.boost.org/people/jeremy_siek.htm>Jeremy Siek</A>,
Univ.of Notre Dame (<A
HREF="mailto:jsiek@lsc.nd.edu">jsiek@lsc.nd.edu</A>)<br>
<A HREF=http://www.lsc.nd.edu/~llee1>Lie-Quan Lee</A>, Univ.of Notre Dame (<A HREF="mailto:llee1@lsc.nd.edu">llee1@lsc.nd.edu</A>)<br>
<A HREF=http://www.lsc.nd.edu/~lums>Andrew Lumsdaine</A>,
Univ.of Notre Dame (<A
HREF="mailto:lums@lsc.nd.edu">lums@lsc.nd.edu</A>)
</TD></TR></TABLE>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
//
// This is an example demonstrating how to use the tie() function.
// The purpose of tie() is to make it easiery to deal with std::pair
// return values.
//
// Contributed by Jeremy Siek
//
// Sample output
//
// 3 successfully inserted.
// 9 was already in the set.
// There were 2 occurances of 4.
#include <set>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/utility.hpp>
int
main(int, char*[])
{
{
typedef std::set<int> SetT;
SetT::iterator i, end;
bool inserted;
int vals[5] = { 5, 2, 4, 9, 1 };
SetT s(vals, vals + 5);
// Using tie() with a return value of pair<iterator,bool>
int new_vals[2] = { 3, 9 };
for (int k = 0; k < 2; ++k) {
boost::tie(i,inserted) = s.insert(new_vals[k]);
if (!inserted)
std::cout << *i << " was already in the set." << std::endl;
else
std::cout << *i << " successfully inserted." << std::endl;
}
}
{
int* i, *end;
int vals[6] = { 5, 2, 4, 4, 9, 1 };
std::sort(vals, vals + 6);
// Using tie() with a return value of pair<iterator,iterator>
boost::tie(i,end) = std::equal_range(vals, vals + 6, 4);
std::cout << "There were " << std::distance(i,end)
<< " occurances of " << *i << "." << std::endl;
// Footnote: of course one would normally just use std::count()
// to get this information, but that would spoil the example :)
}
return 0;
}

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<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 4.0">
<meta name="ProgId" content="FrontPage.Editor.Document">
<title>Transform Iterator Adaptor Documentation</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
<img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)"
align="center" width="277" height="86">
<h1>Transform Iterator Adaptor</h1>
Defined in header
<a href="../../boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp">boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp</a>
<p>
The transform iterator adaptor augments an iterator by applying some
function object to the result of dereferencing the iterator. Another
words, the <tt>operator*</tt> of the transform iterator first
dereferences the base iterator, passes the result of this to the
function object, and then returns the result. The following
<b>pseudo-code</b> shows the basic idea:
<pre>
value_type transform_iterator::operator*() const {
return this->f(*this->base_iterator);
}
</pre>
All of the other operators of the transform iterator behave in the
same fashion as those of the base iterator.
<h2>Synopsis</h2>
<pre>
namespace boost {
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class BaseIterator&gt;
class transform_iterator_generator;
template &lt;class <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html">AdaptableUnaryFunction</a>, class BaseIterator&gt;
typename transform_iterator_generator&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction,Iterator&gt;::type
make_transform_iterator(BaseIterator base, const AdaptableUnaryFunction&amp; f = AdaptableUnaryFunction());
}
</pre>
<hr>
<h2><a name="transform_iterator_generator">The Transform Iterator Type
Generator</a></h2>
The class <tt>transform_iterator_generator</tt> is a helper class whose
purpose is to construct a transform iterator type. The template
parameters for this class are the <tt>AdaptableUnaryFunction</tt> function object
type and the <tt>BaseIterator</tt> type that is being wrapped.
<pre>
template &lt;class AdaptableUnaryFunction, class Iterator&gt;
class transform_iterator_generator
{
public:
typedef <a href="./iterator_adaptors.htm#iterator_adaptor">iterator_adaptor</a>&lt;...&gt; type;
};
</pre>
<h3>Example</h3>
<p>
The following is an example of how to use the
<tt>transform_iterator_generator</tt> class to iterate through a range of
numbers, multiplying each of them by 2 when they are dereferenced.
<p>
<PRE>
#include &lt;functional&gt;
#include &lt;iostream&gt;
#include &lt;boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp&gt;
int
main(int, char*[])
{
int x[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
typedef std::binder1st&lt; std::multiplies&lt;int&gt; &gt; Function;
typedef boost::transform_iterator_generator&lt;Function, int*&gt;::type doubling_iterator;
doubling_iterator i(x, std::bind1st(std::multiplies&lt;int&gt;(), 2)),
i_end(x + sizeof(x)/sizeof(int), std::bind1st(std::multiplies&lt;int&gt;(), 2));
std::cout &lt;&lt; "multiplying the array by 2:" &lt;&lt; std::endl;
while (i != i_end)
std::cout &lt;&lt; *i++ &lt;&lt; " ";
std::cout &lt;&lt; std::endl;
// to be continued...
</PRE>
The output from this part is:
<pre>
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
</pre>
<h3>Template Parameters</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>Parameter</TH><TH>Description</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/AdaptableUnaryFunction.html"><tt>AdaptableUnaryFunction</tt></a></TD>
<TD>The function object that transforms each element in the iterator
range. The <tt>argument_type</tt> of the function object must match
the value type of the base iterator. The <tt>result_type</tt> of the
function object will be the resulting iterator's
<tt>value_type</tt>. If you want the resulting iterator to behave as
an iterator, the result of the function should be solely a function of
its argument.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><tt>BaseIterator</tt></TD>
<TD>The iterator type being wrapped. This type must at least be a model
of the <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator">InputIterator</a> concept.</TD>
</TR>
</Table>
<h3>Model of</h3>
The transform iterator adaptor (the type
<tt>transform_iterator_generator<...>::type</tt>) is a model of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/InputIterator.html">Input Iterator</a><a href="#1">[1]</a>.
<h3>Members</h3>
The transform iterator type implements the member functions and
operators required of the <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access Iterator</a>
concept, except that the <tt>reference</tt> type is the same as the <tt>value_type</tt>
so <tt>operator*()</tt> returns by-value. In addition it has the following constructor:
<pre>
transform_iterator_generator::type(const BaseIterator&amp; it,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction&amp; f = AdaptableUnaryFunction())
</pre>
<p>
<hr>
<p>
<h2><a name="make_transform_iterator">The Transform Iterator Object Generator</a></h2>
<pre>
template &lt;class AdaptableUnaryFunction, class BaseIterator&gt;
typename transform_iterator_generator&lt;AdaptableUnaryFunction,BaseIterator&gt;::type
make_transform_iterator(BaseIterator base,
const AdaptableUnaryFunction&amp; f = AdaptableUnaryFunction());
</pre>
This function provides a convenient way to create transform iterators.
<h3>Example</h3>
Continuing from the previous example, we use the <tt>make_transform_iterator()</tt>
function to add four to each element of the array.
<pre>
std::cout << "adding 4 to each element in the array:" << std::endl;
std::copy(boost::make_transform_iterator(x, std::bind1st(std::plus<int>(), 4)),
boost::make_transform_iterator(x + N, std::bind1st(std::plus<int>(), 4)),
std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}
</pre>
The output from this part is:
<pre>
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
</pre>
<h3>Notes</h3>
<a name="1">[1]</a> If the base iterator is a model of <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/RandomAccessIterator.html">Random Access Iterator</a>
then the transform iterator will also suppport most of the
functionality required by the Random Access Iterator concept. However, a
transform iterator can never completely satisfy the requirements for
<a
href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/ForwardIterator.html">Forward Iterator</a>
(or of any concepts that refine Forward Iterator, which includes
Random Access Iterator and Bidirectional Iterator) since the <tt>operator*</tt> of the transform
iterator always returns by-value.
<hr>
<p>Revised <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->09 Mar 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14894" --></p>
<p><EFBFBD> Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use,
modify, sell and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright
notice appears in all copies. This document is provided &quot;as is&quot;
without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
any purpose.</p>
</body>
</html>

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
// distribute this software is granted provided this copyright notice appears
// in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied
// warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.
#include <functional>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
int
main(int, char*[])
{
// This is a simple example of using the transform_iterators class to
// generate iterators that multiply the value returned by dereferencing
// the iterator. In this case we are multiplying by 2.
// Would be cooler to use lambda library in this example.
int x[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
const int N = sizeof(x)/sizeof(int);
typedef std::binder1st< std::multiplies<int> > Function;
typedef boost::transform_iterator_generator<Function, int*>::type doubling_iterator;
doubling_iterator i(x, std::bind1st(std::multiplies<int>(), 2)),
i_end(x + N, std::bind1st(std::multiplies<int>(), 2));
std::cout << "multiplying the array by 2:" << std::endl;
while (i != i_end)
std::cout << *i++ << " ";
std::cout << std::endl;
std::cout << "adding 4 to each element in the array:" << std::endl;
std::copy(boost::make_transform_iterator(x, std::bind1st(std::plus<int>(), 4)),
boost::make_transform_iterator(x + N, std::bind1st(std::plus<int>(), 4)),
std::ostream_iterator<int>(std::cout, " "));
std::cout << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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// (C) Copyright Jeremy Siek 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify,
// sell and distribute this software is granted provided this
// copyright notice appears in all copies. This software is provided
// "as is" without express or implied warranty, and with no claim as
// to its suitability for any purpose.
// Revision History
// 08 Mar 2001 Jeremy Siek
// Moved test of transform iterator into its own file. It to
// to be in iterator_adaptor_test.cpp.
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <boost/iterator_adaptors.hpp>
#include <boost/pending/iterator_tests.hpp>
struct mult_functor {
typedef int result_type;
typedef int argument_type;
// Functors used with transform_iterator must be
// DefaultConstructible, as the transform_iterator must be
// DefaultConstructible to satisfy the requirements for
// TrivialIterator.
mult_functor() { }
mult_functor(int aa) : a(aa) { }
int operator()(int b) const { return a * b; }
int a;
};
int
main()
{
const int N = 10;
// Borland is getting confused about typedef's and constructors here
// Test transform_iterator
{
int x[N], y[N];
for (int k = 0; k < N; ++k)
x[k] = k;
std::copy(x, x + N, y);
for (int k2 = 0; k2 < N; ++k2)
x[k2] = x[k2] * 2;
boost::transform_iterator_generator<mult_functor, int*>::type i(y, mult_functor(2));
boost::input_iterator_test(i, x[0], x[1]);
boost::input_iterator_test(boost::make_transform_iterator(&y[0], mult_functor(2)), x[0], x[1]);
}
std::cout << "test successful " << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<title>Header boost/utility.hpp Documentation</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
<h1><img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)" align="center" WIDTH="277" HEIGHT="86">Header
<a href="../../boost/utility.hpp">boost/utility.hpp</a></h1>
<p>The entire contents of the header <code><a href="../../boost/utility.hpp">&lt;boost/utility.hpp&gt;</a></code>
are in <code>namespace boost</code>.</p>
<h2>Contents</h2>
<ul>
<li>Function templates <a href="#functions next">next() and prior()</a></li>
<li>Class <a href="#Class noncopyable">noncopyable</a></li>
<li>Function template <a href="tie.html">tie()</a> and supporting class tied.</li>
</ul>
<h2> <a name="functions next">Function</a> templates next() and prior()</h2>
<p>Certain data types, such as the C++ Standard Library's forward and
bidirectional iterators, do not provide addition and subtraction via operator+()
or operator-().&nbsp; This means that non-modifying computation of the next or
prior value requires a temporary, even though operator++() or operator--() is
provided.&nbsp; It also means that writing code like <code>itr+1</code> inside a
template restricts the iterator category to random access iterators.</p>
<p>The next() and prior() functions provide a simple way around these problems:</p>
<blockquote>
<pre>template &lt;class T&gt;
T next(T x) { return ++x; }
template &lt;class X&gt;
T prior(T x) { return --x; }</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Usage is simple:</p>
<blockquote>
<pre>const std::list&lt;T&gt;::iterator p = get_some_iterator();
const std::list&lt;T&gt;::iterator prev = boost::prior(p);</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Contributed by <a href="../../people/dave_abrahams.htm">Dave Abrahams</a>.</p>
<h2><a name="Class noncopyable">Class noncopyable</a></h2>
<p>Class <strong>noncopyable</strong> is a base class.&nbsp; Derive your own class from <strong>noncopyable</strong>
when you want to prohibit copy construction and copy assignment.</p>
<p>Some objects, particularly those which hold complex resources like files or
network connections, have no sensible copy semantics.&nbsp; Sometimes there are
possible copy semantics, but these would be of very limited usefulness and be
very difficult to implement correctly.&nbsp; Sometimes you're implementing a class that doesn't need to be copied
just yet and you don't want to take the time to write the appropriate functions.&nbsp;
Deriving from <b> noncopyable</b> will prevent the otherwise implicitly-generated
functions (which don't have the proper semantics) from becoming a trap for other programmers.</p>
<p>The traditional way to deal with these is to declare a private copy constructor and copy assignment, and then
document why this is done.&nbsp; But deriving from <b>noncopyable</b> is simpler
and clearer, and doesn't require additional documentation.</p>
<p>The program <a href="noncopyable_test.cpp">noncopyable_test.cpp</a> can be
used to verify class <b>noncopyable</b> works as expected. It has have been run successfully under
GCC 2.95, Metrowerks
CodeWarrior 5.0, and Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 sp 3.</p>
<p>Contributed by <a href="../../people/dave_abrahams.htm">Dave Abrahams</a>.</p>
<h3>Example</h3>
<blockquote>
<pre>// inside one of your own headers ...
#include &lt;boost/utility.hpp&gt;
class ResourceLadenFileSystem : boost::noncopyable {
...</pre>
</blockquote>
<h3>Rationale</h3>
<p>Class noncopyable has protected constructor and destructor members to
emphasize that it is to be used only as a base class.&nbsp; Dave Abrahams notes
concern about the effect on compiler optimization of adding (even trivial inline)
destructor declarations. He says &quot;Probably this concern is misplaced, because
noncopyable will be used mostly for classes which own resources and thus have non-trivial destruction semantics.&quot;</p>
<hr>
<p>Revised&nbsp; <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" S-Type="EDITED" S-Format="%d %B, %Y" startspan
-->28 February, 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="40412"
-->
</p>
<p><EFBFBD> Copyright boost.org 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell and
distribute this document is granted provided this copyright notice appears in
all copies. This document is provided &quot;as is&quot; without express or
implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.</p>
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