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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Boost.Range Range Implementation </title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table >
<tr >
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" width="100%" border="0"></td>
<td ><h1 ><br>
Boost.Range </h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Synopsis and Reference </h2>
<ul >
<li>
<a href="#overview">Overview</a>
<li >
<a href="#Synopsis" >Synopsis</a>
</li>
<li >
<a href="#Semantics" >Semantics</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#minimal_interface">Extending the library</a>
</ul>
<hr size="1" >
<a name="overview"></a>
<h3>Overview</h3>
<p>
Four types of objects are currently supported by the library:
<ul >
<li >
standard-like containers
</li>
<li >
<code >std::pair&lt;iterator,iterator&gt;</code>
</li>
<li >
null terminated strings (this includes <code >char[]</code>,<code >wchar_t[]</code>,
<code >char*</code>, and <code >wchar_t*</code>)
<p>
<b>Warning:</b><i> support for null-terminated strings is deprecated and will
disappear in the next Boost release (1.34). </i>
</p>
</li>
<li >
built-in arrays
</li>
</ul>
Even though the behavior of the primary templates are exactly such that standard
containers will be supported by default, the requirements are much lower than
the standard container requirements. For example, the utility class <a
href="utility_class.html#iter_range"><code>iterator_range</code></a> implements
the <a href="#minimal_interface">minimal interface</a> required to make the
class a <a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a>.
</p>
<p>
Please also see <a href="range.html">Range concepts</a> for more details.
</p>
<a name="Synopsis" ></a> <h3 >Synopsis</h3>
<p >
<pre>
<span class=keyword>namespace </span><span class=identifier>boost</span>
<span class=special>{
</span><span class=comment>//
// Single Pass Range metafunctions
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a href="#range_value"><span
class=identifier>range_value</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a href="#range_iterator"><span
class=identifier>range_iterator</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a href="#range_const_iterator"><span
class=identifier>range_const_iterator</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=comment>//
// Forward Range metafunctions
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a href="#range_difference"><span
class=identifier>range_difference</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a href="#range_size"><span
class=identifier>range_size</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=comment>//
// Bidirectional Range metafunctions
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a
href="#range_reverse_iterator"><span
class=identifier>range_reverse_iterator</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a
href="#range_const_reverse_iterator"><span
class=identifier>range_const_reverse_iterator</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=comment>//
// Special metafunctions
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a href="#range_result_iterator"><span
class=identifier>range_result_iterator</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>struct </span><a
href="#range_reverse_result_iterator"><span
class=identifier>range_reverse_result_iterator</span></a><span class=special>;
</span><span class=comment>//
// Single Pass Range functions
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#begin"><span class=identifier>begin</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#begin"><span class=identifier>begin</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#end"><span class=identifier>end</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#end"><span class=identifier>end</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>bool
</span><a href="#empty"><span class=identifier>empty</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=comment>//
// Forward Range functions
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_size</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#size"><span class=identifier>size</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=comment>//
// Bidirectional Range functions
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_reverse_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#rbegin"><span class=identifier>rbegin</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_reverse_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#rbegin"><span class=identifier>rbegin</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_reverse_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#rend"><span class=identifier>rend</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword></span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_reverse_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><a href="#rend"><span class=identifier>rend</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span
class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=comment>//
// Special const Range functions
//
</span>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span>
<a href="#const_begin"><span class=identifier>const_begin</span></a><span class=special>(</span><span class=keyword> const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span>
<a href="#const_end"><span class=identifier>const_end</span></a><span class=special>(</span><span class=keyword> const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_reverse_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span>
<a href="#const_rbegin"><span class=identifier>const_rbegin</span></a><span class=special>(</span><span class=keyword> const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_reverse_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span>
<a href="#const_rend"><span class=identifier>const_rend</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);</span>
<span class=special>} </span><span class=comment>// namespace 'boost'
</span>
</pre>
</p>
<a name="Semantics" ></a> <h3 >Semantics</h3>
<h4>notation</h4>
<p>
<table cellpadding="5" border="1">
<tr>
<th>Type
<th>Object
<th>Describes
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>X</code>
<td><code>x</code>
<td>any type
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>T</code> </td>
<td><code>t</code>
<td>denotes behavior of the primary templates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>P</code>
<td><code>p</code>
<td>denotes <code>std::pair&lt;iterator,iterator></code>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>A[sz]</code>
<td><code>a</code>
<td>denotes an array of type <code>A</code> of size <code>sz</code>
<tr>
<tr>
<td><code>Char*</code>
<td><code>s</code>
<td>denotes either <code>char*</code> or <code>wchar_t*</code>
</tr>
</table>
</p>
<p>
Please notice in tables below that when four lines appear in a cell, the first
line will describe the primary template, the second line pairs of iterators, the
third line arrays and the last line null-terminated strings.
</p>
<h4>Metafunctions</h4>
<p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5" >
<tr >
<th >Expression</th>
<th >Return type</th>
<th >Complexity</th>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_value" ></a>
<td ><code >range_value&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >T::value_type</code><br>
<code >boost::iterator_value&lt;P::first_type&gt;::type</code><br>
<code >A</code><br>
<code>Char</code>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_iterator" ></a>
<td ><code >range_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >T::iterator</code><br>
<code >P::first_type</code><br>
<code >A*</code><br>
<code>Char*</code>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_const_iterator" ></a>
<td ><code >range_const_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >T::const_iterator</code><br>
<code >P::first_type</code><br>
<code >const A*</code><br>
<code>const Char*</code>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_difference" ></a>
<td ><code >range_difference&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >T::difference_type</code><br>
<code
>boost::iterator_difference&lt;P::first_type&gt;::type</code><br>
<code >std::ptrdiff_t</code><br>
<code >std::ptrdiff_t</code><br>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_size" ></a>
<td ><code >range_size&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >T::size_type</code><br>
<code >std::size_t</code><br>
<code >std::size_t</code><br>
<code >std::size_t</code><br>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_result_iterator" ></a>
<td ><code >range_result_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code> if <code
>X</code> is <code >const</code> <br>
<code >range_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code> otherwise </td>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_reverse_iterator" ></a>
<td ><code >range_reverse_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >boost::reverse_iterator< typename range_iterator&lt;T>::type ></code><br>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_const_reverse_iterator" ></a>
<td ><code >range_const_reverse_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >boost::reverse_iterator< typename range_const_iterator&lt;T>::type ></code>
<br>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="range_reverse_result_iterator" ></a>
<td ><code >range_reverse_result_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >boost::reverse_iterator< typename range_result_iterator&lt;T&gt;::type
></code>
<td >compile time</td>
</tr>
</table>
</p>
<p>
The special metafunctions <code>range_result_iterator</code> and <code>range_reverse_result_iterator</code>
are not part of any Range concept, but they are very useful when implementing
certain Range classes like <a
href="utility_class.html#sub_range"><code>sub_range</code></a> because of their
ability to select iterators based on constness.
</p>
<h4>Functions</h4>
<p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5" >
<tr >
<th >Expression</th>
<th >Return type</th>
<th >Returns</th>
<th >Complexity</th>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="begin" ></a>
<td ><code >begin(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_result_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >t.begin()</code><br>
<code >p.first</code><br>
<code >a</code><br>
<code>s</code>
<td >constant time</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="end" ></a>
<td ><code >end(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_result_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >t.end()</code><br>
<code >p.second</code><br>
<code >a + sz</code> <br>
<code >s + std::char_traits&lt;X&gt;::length( s )</code> if <code >X</code> is <code >Char*</code>
<br>
<code >s + sz - 1</code> if <code >X</code> is <code >Char[sz]</code> <br>
<td >linear if <code >X</code> is <code >Char*</code> <br>
constant time otherwise</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="empty" ></a>
<td ><code >empty(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >bool</code></td>
<td ><code >begin(x) == end( x )</code><br>
<td >linear if <code >X</code> is <code >Char*</code> <br>
constant time otherwise<br>
</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="size" ></a>
<td ><code >size(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_size&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >t.size()</code><br>
<code>std::distance(p.first,p.second)</code><br>
<code >sz</code><br>
<code>end(s) - s</code>
<td >linear if <code >X</code> is <code >Char*</code> <br>
or if <code >std::distance()</code> is linear <br>
constant time otherwise</td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="rbegin" ></a>
<td ><code >rbegin(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_reverse_result_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >range_reverse_result_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type( end(x) )</code> <br>
<td >same as <code>end(x)</code> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="rend" ></a>
<td ><code >rend(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_reverse_result_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >range_reverse_result_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type( begin(x) )</code>
<td >same as <code>begin(x)</code></td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="const_begin" ></a>
<td ><code >const_begin(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type( begin(x) )</code>
<br> <td >same as <code>begin(x)</code> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="const_end" ></a>
<td ><code >const_end(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type( end(x) )</code>
<td >same as <code>end(x)</code></td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="const_rbegin" ></a>
<td ><code >const_rbegin(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_reverse_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_reverse_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type( rbegin(x) )</code>
<br> <td >same as <code>rbegin(x)</code> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<a name="const_rend" ></a>
<td ><code >const_rend(x)</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_reverse_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type</code></td>
<td ><code >range_const_reverse_iterator&lt;X&gt;::type( rend(x) )</code>
<td >same as <code>rend(x)</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
</p>
<p>
The special <code>const</code> functions are not part of any Range concept,
but are very useful when you want to document clearly that your code is
read-only.
</p>
<hr>
<a name=minimal_interface></a> <h3>Extending the library</h3>
<p>
The primary templates in this library are implemented such that standard
containers will work automatically and so will <code>boost::<a
href=../../array/index.html>array</a></code>. Below is given an overview of
which member functions and member types a class must specify to
be useable as a certain Range concept.
</p>
<p>
<table cellpadding="5" border="1">
<tr>
<th>Member function</th>
<th>Related concept</th>
<tr>
<td><code>begin()</code></td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>end()</code> </td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>size()</code></td>
<td><a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</p>
<p>
Notice that <code>rbegin()</code> and <code>rend()</code> member functions
are not needed even though the container can support bidirectional iteration.
</p>
<p>
The required member types are:
</p>
<p>
<table cellpadding="5" border="1">
<tr>
<th>Member type</th>
<th>Related concept</th>
<tr>
<tr>
<td><code>value_type</code></td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>iterator</code></td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>const_iterator</code></td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>difference_type</code></td>
<td><a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>size_type</code></td>
<td><a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</p>
<p>
Again one should notice that member types <code>reverse_iterator</code> and
<code>const_reverse_iterator</code> are not needed.
</p>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
<br>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range Examples </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td ><h1 align="center">Boost.Range </h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2 >Examples</h2><a name="Examples" ></a>
<p >
Some examples are given in the accompanying test files:
</p>
<ul >
<li >
<a href="../test/string.cpp" target="_self" ><code >string.cpp</code></a>
</li>
shows how to implement a container version of <code >std::find()</code> that
works with <code >char[],wchar_t[],char*,wchar_t*.</code>
<p>
<b>Warning:</b><i> support for null-terminated strings is deprecated and will
disappear in the next Boost release (1.34). </i>
</p>
<li >
<a href="../test/algorithm_example.cpp" target="_self" ><code >algorithm_example.cpp</code></a>
</li>
shows the replace example from the introduction.
<li> <a href="../test/iterator_range.cpp">iterator_range.cpp</a>
<li> <a href="../test/sub_range.cpp">sub_range.cpp</a>
<li> <a href="../test/iterator_pair.cpp">iterator_pair.cpp</a>
<li> <a href="../test/reversible_range.cpp">reversible_range.cpp</a>
<li> <a href="../test/std_container.cpp">std_container.cpp</a>
<li> <a href="../test/array.cpp">array.cpp</a>
</ul>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
<br>
<br>
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<br>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range FAQ </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td ><h1 align="center">Boost.Range</h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<h2 >FAQ</h2> <a name="FAQ" ></a>
<ol >
<li >
<i>Why is there no difference between <code >range_iterator&lt;C&gt;::type</code>
and <code >range_const_iterator&lt;C&gt;::type</code> for <code>std::pair&lt;iterator, iterator&gt;</code></i>.
</li>
<p >
In general it is not possible nor desirable to find a corresponding <code >const_iterator</code>.
When it is possible to come up with one, the client might choose to construct a <code >std::pair&lt;const_iterator,const_iterator&gt;</code>
object.
</p>
<p>
Note that an <a href="utility_class.html#iter_range">iterator_range</a>
is somewhat more convenient than a <code>pair</code> and that a <a
href="utility_class.html#sub_range"><code>sub_range</code></a> does
propagate const-ness. </p>
<li >
<i>Why is there not supplied more types or more functions?</i>
<p >
The library has been kept small because its current interface will
serve most
purposes. If and when a genuine need arises for more functionality, it can be
implemented.
</p>
</li>
<li >
<i>How should I implement generic algorithms for ranges?</i>
<p >
One should always start with a generic algorithm that takes two iterators (or
more) as input. Then use Boost.Range to build handier versions on top of the
iterator based algorithm. Please notice that once the range version of the
algorithm is done, it makes sense <i>not</i> to expose the iterator version in
the public interface.
</p>
</li>
<li>
<i>Why is there no Incrementable Range concept?</i>
<p>
Even though we speak of incrementable iterators, it would not make
much sense for ranges; for example, we cannot determine the size and
emptiness of a range since we cannot even compare
its iterators.
</p>
<p>
Note also that incrementable iterators are derived from output
iterators and so there exist no output range.
</p>
</li>
<!--
<li>
<i>Should I use qualified syntax, for example
<blockquote><pre>
<span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>); </span>
</pre></blockquote>
instead of
<blockquote>
<pre><span class=keyword>using </span><span class=keyword>namespace </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>)</span></pre></blockquote>
when calling functions in this library? If so, can I still rely on argument
dependent lookup (ADL) to kick in?</i>
<p>
The answer to the first question is that "it's up to you". The
answer to the second question is Yes. Normally qualified syntax
disables ADL, but the functions are implemented in a special
manner that preserves ADL properties. The trick was explained by
Daniel Frey on comp.lang.std.c++ in the thread "Whence Swap" and
it is best explained by some code: <blockquote>
<pre>
<span class=keyword>namespace </span><span class=identifier>boost</span>
<span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>namespace </span><span class=identifier>range_detail
</span><span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;:</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>)
</span><span class=special>{ </span><span class=comment>/* normal implementation */ </span><span class=special>}
</span><span class=special>}
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>)
</span><span class=special>{
</span><span class=comment>//
// Create ADL hook
//
</span><span class=keyword>using </span><span class=identifier>range_detail</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>return </span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=special>}</span>
<span class=special>} </span>
</pre>
</blockquote>
Cool indeed!
</p>
-->
</ol>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
<br>
<br>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range Headers </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td ><h1 align="center">Boost.Range</h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<h2 >Library headers</h2><a name="Library headers" ></a>
<table cellpadding="5" border="1" >
<tr >
<th >Header</th>
<th >Includes</th>
<th>Related concept </th>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td >everything</td>
<td>- </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/metafunctions.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td >every metafunction</td>
<td>- </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/functions.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td >every function</td>
<td>- </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/value_type.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_value" >range_value</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a></td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/iterator.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_iterator"
>range_iterator</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/const_iterator.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_const_iterator"
>range_const_iterator</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/difference_type.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_difference"
>range_difference</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/size_type.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_size" >range_size</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/result_iterator.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_result_iterator"
>range_result_iterator</a></td>
<td>- </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/reverse_iterator.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_reverse_iterator" >range_reverse_iterator</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#bidirectional_range">Bidirectional Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/const_reverse_iterator.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_const_reverse_iterator" >range_const_reverse_iterator</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#bidirectional_range">Bidirectional Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/reverse_result_iterator.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#range_reverse_result_iterator">range_reverse_result_iterator</a></td>
<td>- </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/begin.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td >
<a href="boost_range.html#begin" >begin</a> and
<a href="boost_range.html#const_begin" >const_begin</a>
</td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/end.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td >
<a href="boost_range.html#end" >end</a> and
<a href="boost_range.html#const_end" >const_end</a>
</td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/empty.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#empty" >empty</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/size.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="boost_range.html#size" >size</a></td>
<td><a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/rbegin.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td >
<a href="boost_range.html#rbegin" >rbegin</a> and
<a href="boost_range.html#const_rbegin" >const_rbegin</a>
</td>
<td><a href="range.html#bidirectional_range">Bidirectional Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/rend.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td >
<a href="boost_range.html#rend" >rend</a> and
<a href="boost_range.html#const_rend" >const_rend</a>
</td>
<td><a href="range.html#bidirectional_range">Bidirectional Range</a> </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/iterator_range.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="utility_class.html#iter_range"
>iterator_range</a></td>
<td>- </td>
</tr>
<tr >
<td ><code >&lt;boost/range/sub_range.hpp&gt;</code></td>
<td ><a href="utility_class.html#sub_range" >sub_range</a></td>
<td>- </td>
</tr>
</table>
<br
</p>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
<br>
<br>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range History and Acknowledgement </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td><h1 align="center">Boost.Range </h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2 >History and Acknowledgement</h2><a name="History" ></a>
<p >
The library have been under way for a long time. Dietmar K<>hl originally
intended to submit an <code >array_traits</code> class template which
had most of the functionality present now, but only for arrays and standard
containers.
</p>
<p>
Meanwhile work on algorithms for containers in various contexts showed the
need for handling pairs of iterators, and string libraries needed special
treatment of character arrays. In the end it made sense to formalize the
minimal requirements of these similar concepts. And the results are the
Range concepts found in this library. </p>
<p>
The term Range was adopted because of paragraph <code>24.1/7</code> from the
C++ standard: <blockquote>
Most of the library's algorithmic templates that operate on data
structures have interfaces that use ranges. A <i>range</i> is a pair of
iterators that designate the beginning and end of the computation. A
range [i, i) is an empty range; in general, a range [i, j) refers to
the elements in the data structure starting with the one pointed to
by i and up to but not including the one pointed to by j. Range [i,
j) is valid if and only if j is reachable from i. The result of the
application of functions in the library to invalid ranges is
undefined.
</blockquote>
<p>
Special thanks goes to
<ul>
<li> Pavol Droba for help with documentation and implementation
<li> Pavel Vozenilek for help with porting the library
<li> Jonathan Turkanis and John Torjo for help with documentation
<li> Hartmut Kaiser for being review manager
<li> Jonathan Turkanis for porting the lib (as far sa possible) to
vc6 and vc7.
</ul>
</p>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2005
</p>
<br>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range Introduction </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td ><h1 align="center">Boost.Range</h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Introduction</h2>
<p>
Generic algorithms have so far been specified in terms of two or more
iterators. Two iterators would together form a range of values that the
algorithm could work on. This leads to a very general interface, but also
to a somewhat clumsy use of the algorithms with redundant specification
of container names. Therefore we would like to raise the abstraction level
for algorithms so they specify their interface in terms of <a
href=range.html>Ranges</a> as much as possible.
</p>
<p>
The most common form of ranges we are used to work with is standard library
containers. However, one
often finds it desirable to extend that code to work with other types that
offer
enough functionality to satisfy the needs of the generic code
<i>if a suitable layer of indirection is applied </i>. For
example, raw arrays are often suitable for use with generic code that
works with containers, provided a suitable adapter is used. Likewise, null
terminated strings can be treated as containers of characters, if suitably
adapted.
</p>
<p>
This library therefore provides the means to adapt standard-like
containers,
null terminated strings, <code>std::pairs</code> of iterators, and raw
arrays (and more), such that the same generic code can work with them all.
The basic idea is to add another layer of indirection using <a
href="../../mpl/doc/refmanual/metafunction.html">metafunctions</a> and
free-standing functions so syntactic and/or semantic differences can be removed.
</p>
<p >
The main advantages are
<ul >
<li >
simpler implementation and specification of generic range algorithms
</li>
<li >
more flexible, compact and maintainable client code
</li>
<li >
correct handling of null-terminated strings
<p>
<b>Warning:</b><i> support for null-terminated strings is deprecated and will
disappear in the next Boost release (1.34). </i>
</p>
</li>
<li >
safe use of built-in arrays (for legacy code; why else would you use
built-in arrays?) </li>
</ul>
</p>
<p >
Below are given a small example (the complete example can be found <a href="../test/algorithm_example.cpp" target="_self" >here</a>
):
<blockquote>
<pre >
<span class=comment>
//
// example: extracting bounds in a generic algorithm
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableRange</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>inline </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>range_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableRange </span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><span class=identifier>find</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>value </span><span class=special>)
</span><span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>return </span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>find</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>), </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>), </span><span class=identifier>value </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=special>}
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableRange</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>inline </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>range_const_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span
class=identifier>ForwardReadableRange </span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><span class=identifier>find</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>value </span><span class=special>)
</span><span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>return </span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>find</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>), </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>), </span><span class=identifier>value </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=special>}
</span><span class=comment>//
// replace first value and return its index
//
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableWriteableRange</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>inline </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>range_size</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableWriteableRange </span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type
</span><span class=identifier>my_generic_replace</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableWriteableRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>c</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>value</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>replacement </span><span class=special>)
</span><span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>range_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=identifier>ForwardReadableWriteableRange </span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>found </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=identifier>find</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>c</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=identifier>value </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>if</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>found </span><span class=special>!= </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>) </span><span class=special>)
</span><span class=special>*</span><span class=identifier>found </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=identifier>replacement</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>return </span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>distance</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>c </span><span class=special>), </span><span class=identifier>found </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=special>}
</span><span class=comment>//
// usage
//
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=keyword>int </span><span class=identifier>N </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=number>5</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>vector</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>int</span><span class=special>&gt; </span><span class=identifier>my_vector</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>int </span><span class=identifier>values</span><span class=special>[] </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=special>{ </span><span class=number>1</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=number>2</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=number>3</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=number>4</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=number>5</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=number>6</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=number>7</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=number>8</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=number>9 </span><span class=special>};
</span>
<span class=identifier>my_vector</span><span class=special>.</span><span
class=identifier>assign</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>values</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>values </span><span class=special>) </span><span class=special>);</span>
</span><span class=keyword>typedef </span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>vector</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=keyword>int</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>iterator </span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>pair</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>&gt; </span><span class=identifier>my_view</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>my_vector </span><span class=special>),
</span><span class=identifier>boost</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>my_vector </span><span class=special>) </span><span class=special>+ </span><span class=identifier>N </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>char </span><span class=identifier>str_val</span><span class=special>[] </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=string>&quot;a string&quot;</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>char</span><span class=special>* </span><span class=identifier>str </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=identifier>str_val</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>cout </span><span class=special>&lt;&lt; </span><span class=identifier>my_generic_replace</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>my_vector</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=number>4</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=number>2 </span><span class=special>)
</span><span class=special>&lt;&lt; </span><span class=identifier>my_generic_replace</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>my_view</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=number>4</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=number>2 </span><span class=special>)
</span><span class=special>&lt;&lt; </span><span class=identifier>my_generic_replace</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>str</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=literal>'a'</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=literal>'b' </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=comment>// prints '3', '5' and '0' </span>
</pre>
</blockquote>
By using the free-standing functions and <a
href="../../mpl/doc/refmanual/metafunction.html">metafunctions</a>, the code automatically
works for all the types supported by this library; now and in the future.
Notice that we have to
provide two version of <code >find()</code> since we cannot forward a non-const
rvalue with reference arguments (see this article about <a href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2002/n1385.htm" target="_self" >The
Forwarding Problem</a> ).
</p>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range Portability </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td ><h1 align="center">Boost.Range</h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Portability</h2><a name="Portability" ></a>
<p>
A huge effort has been made to port the library to as many compilers as possible.
<!-- The results of the test-suites can be found <a
href="http://boost.sourceforge.net/regression-logs/developer/range.html">here</a
>.--> </p>
<p>
Full support for built-in arrays require that the compiler supports class
template partial specialization. For non-conforming compilers there might be a
chance that it works anyway thanks to workarounds in the type traits library.
</p>
<pp>
Visual C++ 6/7.0 has a limited support for arrays: as long as the arrays are
of built-in type it should work.
</p>
<p >
Notice also that some compilers cannot do function template ordering properly.
In that case one must rely of <a
href="boost_range.html#range_result_iterator"><code >range_result_iterator</code></a>
and a single function definition instead of overloaded versions for const and
non-const arguments.
So if one cares about old compilers, one should not pass rvalues to the
functions.
</p>
<p>
For maximum portability you should follow these guidelines:
<ol>
<li>
do not use built-in arrays,
<li>
do not pass rvalues to <a
href="boost_range.html#begin"><code>begin()</code></a>, <a
href="boost_range.html#end"><code>end()</code></a> and <a href="utility_class.html#iter_range">
<code>iterator_range</code></a> Range constructors and assignment operators,
<li>
use <a href="boost_range.html#const_begin"><code>const_begin()</code></a>
and <a href="boost_range.html#const_begin"><code>const_end()</code></a>
whenever your code by intention is read-only; this will also solve
most rvalue problems,
<li>
do not rely on ADL:
<ul>
<li>
if you overload functions, include that header <i>before</i> the headers in this
library,
<li>
put all overloads in namespace <code>boost</code>.
</ul>
</ol>
</p>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
<br>
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<HTML>
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--
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-- and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee,
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-- purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
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<Head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<Title>Range Concepts</Title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</HEAD>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td ><h1 align="center">Boost.Range </h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Range concepts </h2>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="#overview">Overview</a>
<li>
<a href="#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a>
<li>
<a href="#forward_range">Forward Range</a>
<li>
<a href="#bidirectional_range">Bidirectional Range</a>
<li>
<a href="#random_access_range">Random Access Range</a>
</ul>
<a name="overview"></a>
<hr>
<h3>Overview</h3>
<p>
A Range is a <i>concept</i> similar to the STL <a
href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/Container.html">Container</a> concept. A
Range provides iterators for accessing a half-open range
<code>[first,one_past_last)</code> of elements and provides
information about the number of elements in the Range. However, a Range has
fewer requirements than a Container.
</p>
<p>
The motivation for the Range concept is
that there are many useful Container-like types that do not meet the full
requirements of Container, and many algorithms that can be written with this
reduced set of requirements. In particular, a Range does not necessarily
<ul>
<li>
own the elements that can be accessed through it,
<li>
have copy semantics,
<!--
<li>
require that the associated reference type is a real C++ reference.
-->
</ul>
Because of the second requirement, a Range object must be passed by
(const or non-const) reference in generic code.
</p>
<p>
The operations that can be performed on a Range is dependent on the
<a href="../../iterator/doc/new-iter-concepts.html#iterator-traversal-concepts-lib-iterator-traversal">traversal
category</a> of the underlying iterator type. Therefore
the range concepts are named to reflect which traversal category its
iterators support. See also <a href="style.html">terminology and style guidelines.</a>
for more information about naming of ranges.</p>
<p> The concepts described below specifies associated types as
<a href="../../mpl/doc/refmanual/metafunction.html">metafunctions</a> and all
functions as free-standing functions to allow for a layer of indirection. </p>
<!--<p><i>Notice that these metafunctions must be defined in namespace </i>
<code>boost</code></p>-->
<hr>
<a name="single_pass_range">
<H2>Single Pass Range</H2>
<h3>Notation</h3>
<Table>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>X</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">A type that is a model of Single Pass Range.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>a</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Object of type <code>X</code>.</TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
A range X where <code>boost::range_iterator&lt;X>::type</code> is a model of <a
href="../../iterator/doc/new-iter-concepts.html#single-pass-iterators-lib-single-pass-iterators">
Single Pass Iterator</a>
</p>
<h3>Associated types</h3>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Value type</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_value&lt;X>::type</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">The type of the object stored in a Range.
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Iterator type</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_iterator&lt;X>::type</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">The type of iterator used to iterate through a Range's elements.
The iterator's value type is expected to be the Range's value type. A
conversion from the iterator type to the const iterator type must exist.
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Const iterator type</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_const_iterator&lt;X>::type</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">A type of iterator that may be used to examine, but not to
modify, a Range's elements.</TD>
</TR>
<!--
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Reference type</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>reference_of&lt;X>::type</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">A type that behaves like a reference to the Range's value type. <a href="#1">[1]</a></TD>
</TR>
-->
</table>
<h3>Valid expressions</h3>
The following expressions must be valid.
<p>
<Table border="1" cellpadding="5">
<TR>
<TH>Name</TH>
<TH>Expression</TH>
<TH>Return type</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Beginning of range</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::begin(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_iterator&lt;X>::type</code> if
<code>a</code> is mutable, <code>boost::range_const_iterator&lt;X>::type</code>
otherwise</TD> </TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">End of range</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::end(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_iterator&lt;X>::type</code> if
<code>a</code> is mutable, <code>boost::range_const_iterator&lt;X>::type</code>
otherwise</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<TD VAlign="top">Is range empty?</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::empty(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Convertible to <code>bool</code></TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Expression semantics</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>Expression</TH>
<TH>Semantics</TH>
<TH>Postcondition</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::begin(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Returns an iterator pointing to the first element in the Range.</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::begin(a)</code> is either dereferenceable or past-the-end.
It is past-the-end if and only if <code>boost::size(a) == 0</code>.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::end(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Returns an iterator pointing one past the last element in the
Range.</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::end(a)</code> is past-the-end.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::empty(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Equivalent to <code>boost::begin(a) == boost::end(a)</code>. (But possibly
faster.)</TD>
<TD VAlign="top">&nbsp;-&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Complexity guarantees</h3>
All three functions are at most amortized linear time. For most practical
purposes, one can expect <code>boost::begin(a)</code>, <code>boost::end(a)</code> and <code>boost::empty(a)</code>
to be amortized constant time.
<h3>Invariants</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Valid range</TD>
<TD VAlign="top">For any Range <code>a</code>, <code>[boost::begin(a),boost::end(a))</code> is
a valid range, that is, <code>boost::end(a)</code> is reachable from <code>boost::begin(a)</code>
in a finite number of increments.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Completeness</TD>
<TD VAlign="top">An algorithm that iterates through the range <code>[boost::begin(a),boost::end(a))</code>
will pass through every element of <code>a</code>.</TD>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>See also</h3>
<p>
<A href="http://www.sgi.com/Technology/STL/Container.html">Container</A>
</p>
<p> <a href="boost_range.html#boost::range_value">implementation of
metafunctions </a></p>
<p> <a href="boost_range.html#begin">implementation of
functions </a></p>
<hr>
<a name=forward_range><h2>Forward Range</h2>
<h3>Notation</h3>
<Table>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>X</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">A type that is a model of Forward Range.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>a</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Object of type <code>X</code>.</TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Description</h3>
<p>
A range <code>X</code> where <code>boost::range_iterator&lt;X>::type</code> is a model
of <a
href="../../iterator/doc/new-iter-concepts.html#forward-traversal-iterators-lib-forward-traversal-iterators">Forward Traversal Iterator</a>
</p>
<h3>Refinement of</h3> <a href="#single_pass_range">Single Pass
Range</a>
<h3>Associated types</h3>
<table cellpadding="5" border="1">
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Distance type</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_difference&lt;X>::type</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">A signed integral type used to represent the distance between
two of the Range's iterators. This type must be the same as the iterator's
distance type.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Size type</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_size&lt;X>::type</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">An unsigned integral type that can represent any nonnegative
value of the Range's distance type.</TD>
</tr>
</table>
<h3>Valid expressions</h3>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Expression</th>
<th>Return type</th>
</tr>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Size of range</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::size(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_size&lt;X>::type</code></TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Expression semantics </h3>
<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
<TR>
<TH>Expression</TH>
<TH>Semantics</TH>
<TH>Postcondition</TH>
</TR>
<tr>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::size(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Returns the size of the Range, that is, its number
of elements. Note <code>boost::size(a) == 0u</code> is equivalent to
<code>boost::empty(a).</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::size(a) &gt;= 0</TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Complexity guarantees</h3>
<p><code>boost::size(a)</code> is at most amortized linear time.</p>
<h3>Invariants</h3>
<p>
<Table border="1" cellpadding="5">
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Range size</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::size(a)</code> is equal to the distance from <code>boost::begin(a)</code>
to <code>boost::end(a)</code>.</TD> </table>
</p>
<h3>See also</h3>
<p> <a href="boost_range.html#boost::range_difference">implementation of
metafunctions </a></p>
<p> <a href="boost_range.html#size">implementation of
functions </a></p>
<hr>
<a name="bidirectional_range"><h2>Bidirectional Range</h2>
<h3>Notation</h3>
<Table>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>X</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">A type that is a model of Bidirectional Range.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>a</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Object of type <code>X</code>.</TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Description</h3> This concept provides access to iterators that traverse in
both directions (forward and reverse). The
<code>boost::range_iterator&lt;X>::type</code> iterator must meet all of the requirements
of <a
href="../../iterator/doc/new-iter-concepts.html#bidirectional-traversal-iterator
s-lib-bidirectional-traversal-iterators">Bidirectional Traversal Iterator.</a>
<h3>Refinement of</h3> <a href="#forward_range">Forward Range</a>
<h3>Associated types</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Reverse Iterator type</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_reverse_iterator&lt;X>::type</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">The type of iterator used to iterate through a Range's elements
in reverse order. The iterator's value type is expected to be the Range's value
type. A conversion from the reverse iterator type to the const reverse iterator
type must exist. </TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Const reverse iterator type</TD>
<TD
VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_const_reverse_iterator&ltX>::type</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top">A type of reverse iterator that may be used to examine, but not
to modify, a Range's elements.</TD>
</TR>
</table>
<h3>Valid expressions</h3>
<Table border>
<TR>
<TH>Name</TH>
<TH>Expression</TH>
<TH>Return type</TH>
<TH>Semantics</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Beginning of range</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>rboost::begin(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_reverse_iterator&lt;X>::type</code> if
<code>a</code> is mutable, <code>boost::range_const_reverse_iterator&lt;X>::type</code>
otherwise.</TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Equivalent to
<code>boost::range_reverse_iterator&lt;X>::type(boost::end(a))</code>.</TD> </TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">End of range</TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>rboost::end(a)</code></TD>
<TD VAlign="top"><code>boost::range_reverse_iterator&lt;X>::type</code> if
<code>a</code> is mutable, <code>boost::range_const_reverse_iterator&lt;X>::type</code>
otherwise.</TD>
<TD VAlign="top">Equivalent to
<code>boost::range_reverse_iterator&lt;X>::type(boost::begin(a))</code>.</TD> </tr>
</table>
<h3>Complexity guarantees</h3>
<code>rboost::begin(a)</code> has the same complexity as <code>boost::end(a)</code> and <code>rboost::end(a)</code>
has the same complexity as <code>boost::begin(a)</code> from <a
href="#forward_range">Forward Range</a>.
<h3>Invariants</h3>
<p>
<Table border="1" cellpadding="5">
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Valid reverse range</TD>
<TD VAlign="top">For any Bidirectional Range <code>a</code>, <code>[rboost::begin(a),rboost::end(a))</code>
is a valid range, that is, <code>rboost::end(a)</code> is reachable from <code>rboost::begin(a)</code>
in a finite number of increments.</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD VAlign="top">Completeness</TD>
<TD VAlign="top">An algorithm that iterates through the range <code>[rboost::begin(a),rboost::end(a))</code>
will pass through every element of <code>a</code>.</TD>
</tr>
</table>
</p>
<h3>See also</h3>
<p> <a href="boost_range.html#boost::range_reverse_iterator">implementation of metafunctions </a></p>
<p> <a href="boost_range.html#rbegin">implementation of
functions </a></p>
<hr>
<a name=random_access_range><h2>Random Access Range</h2> <h3>Description</h3>
<p>
A range <code>X</code> where <code>boost::range_iterator&lt;X>::type</code> is a model
of <a
href="../../iterator/doc/new-iter-concepts.html#random-access-traversal-iterators
-lib-random-access-traversal-iterators">Random Access Traversal Iterator</a>
</p>
<h3>Refinement of</h3>
<p>
<a href="#bidirectional_range">Bidirectional Range</a>
</p>
<hr>
<!--
<h3>Notes</h3>
<P>
<A name="1">[1]</A>
The reference type does not have to be a real C++ reference. The requirements of
the reference type is that it <i>behaves</i> like a real reference. Hence the
reference type must be convertible to the value_type and assignment through
<br>
<br>
<HR>
<br>
-->
<TABLE>
<TR valign="top">
<TD nowrap>Copyright &copy 2000</TD>
<TD><A HREF=http://www.boost.org/people/jeremy_siek.htm>Jeremy Siek</A>
</TR>
<tr >
<TD nowrap>Copyright &copy 2004</TD>
<TD>Thorsten Ottosen.
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background-color: #EEEEEE;
}
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range Terminology and Style Guidelines </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td ><h1 align="center">Boost.Range </h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Terminology and style guidelines </h2>
<p>
The use of a consistent terminology is as important for <a href="range.html">Range</a>s
and range-based algorithms as it is for iterators and iterator-based algorithms.
If a conventional set of names are adopted, we can avoid misunderstandings and
write generic function prototypes that are <i>self-documenting</i>.
</p>
<p>
Since ranges are characterized by a specific underlying iterator type, we get a
type of range for each type of iterator. Hence we can speak of the following
types of ranges:
<ul>
<li>
<i>Value access</i> category:
<ul>
<li>
Readable Range
<li>
Writeable Range
<li>
Swappable Range
<li>
Lvalue Range
</ul>
<li>
<i>Traversal</i> category:
<ul>
<li>
<a href="range.html#single_pass_range">Single Pass Range</a>
<li>
<a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a>
<li>
<a href="range.html#bidirectional_range">Bidirectional Range</a> <li>
<a href="range.html#random_access_range">Random Access Range</a> </ul>
</ul>
Notice how we have used the categories from the <a href=../../iterator/doc/new-iter-concepts.html>new
style iterators</a>.
<p>
Notice that an iterator (and therefore an range) has one <i>traversal</i>
property and one or more properties from the <i>value access</i> category. So in
reality we will mostly talk about mixtures such as
<ul>
<li>
Random Access Readable Writeable Range
<li>
Forward Lvalue Range
</ul>
By convention, we should always specify the <i>traversal</i> property first as
done above. This seems reasonable since there will only be one <i>traversal</i>
property, but perhaps many <i>value access</i> properties.
</p>
<p>
It might, however, be reasonable to specify only one category if the other
category does not matter. For example, the <a
href="utility_class.html#iter_range">iterator_range</a> can be constructed from
a Forward Range. This means that we do not care about what <i>value access</i>
properties the Range has. Similarly, a Readable Range will be one that has the
lowest possible <i>traversal</i> property (Single Pass).
</p>
<p>
As another example, consider how we specify the interface of <code>std::sort()</code>.
Algorithms are usually more cumbersome to specify the interface of since both <i>traversal</i>
and <i>value access</i> properties must be exactly defined. The iterator-based
version looks like this:
<pre>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>RandomAccessTraversalReadableWritableIterator </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>void </span><span class=identifier>sort</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>RandomAccessTraversalReadableWritableIterator </span><span class=identifier>first</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=identifier>RandomAccessTraversalReadableWritableIterator </span><span class=identifier>last </span><span class=special>);</span>
</pre>
For ranges the interface becomes
<pre>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>RandomAccessReadableWritableRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>void </span><span class=identifier>sort</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>RandomAccessReadableWritableRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);</span>
</pre>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range Utilities </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td ><h1 align="center">Boost.Range</h1></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Utilities</h2>
<p>
Having an abstraction that encapsulates a pair of iterators is very useful. The
standard library uses <code>std::pair</code> in some circumstances, but that
class is cumbersome to use because we need to specify two template arguments,
and for all range algorithm purposes we must enforce the two template arguments
to be the same. Moreover, <code>std::pair&lt;iterator,iterator></code> is hardly
self-documenting whereas more domain specific class names are. Therefore these
two classes are provided:
<ul>
<li>
Class <a href=#iter_range><code>iterator_range</code></a>
<li>
Class <a href=#sub_range><code>sub_range</code></a>
</ul>
</ul>
The <code>iterator_range</code> class is templated on an
<a href="../../iterator/doc/new-iter-concepts.html#forward-traversal-iterators-lib-forward-traversal-iterators">Forward
Traversal Iterator</a> and should be used whenever fairly general code is needed.
The <code>sub_range</code> class is templated on an <a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward
Range</a> and it is less general, but a bit easier to use since its template
argument is easier to specify. The biggest difference is, however, that a
<code>sub_range</code> can propagate constness because it knows what a
corresponding <code>const_iterator</code> is. </p>
<p>
Both classes can be used as ranges since they implement the <a
href="boost_range.html#minimal_interface">minimal interface</a>
required for this to work automatically.
</p>
<hr>
<a name=iter_range></a> <h1>Class <code>iterator_range</code></h1>
<p>
The intention of the <code>iterator_range</code> class is to encapsulate two
iterators so they fulfill the <a
href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a> concept. A few other
functions are also provided for convenience.
</p>
<p>
If the template argument is not a model of Forward Traversal Iterator, one can
still use a subset of the interface. In particular, <code>size()</code> requires
Forward Traversal Iterators whereas <code>empty()</code> only requires Single
Pass Iterators.
</p>
<p>
Recall that many default constructed iterators
are <i>singular</i> and hence can only be assigned, but not compared or
incremented or anything. However, if one creates a default constructed
<code>iterator_range</code>, then one
can still call all its member functions. This means that the
<code>iterator_range</code> will still be usable in many contexts even
though the iterators underneath are not.
</p>
<h3>Synopsis</h3>
<pre>
<span class=keyword>namespace </span><span class=identifier>boost</span>
<span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range
</span><span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>: </span><span class=comment>// Forward Range types
</span><span class=keyword>typedef </span><span class=special>... </span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>typedef </span><span class=special>... </span><span class=identifier>difference_type</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>typedef </span><span class=special>... </span><span class=identifier>size_type</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>typedef </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>typedef </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=identifier>const_iterator</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>: </span><span class=comment>// construction, assignment
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2 </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2 </span><span class=identifier>Begin</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2 </span><span class=identifier>End </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>=( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>=( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>: </span><span class=comment>// Forward Range functions
</span><span class=identifier>iterator </span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator </span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=identifier>size_type </span><span class=identifier>size</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=identifier>empty</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>: </span><span class=comment>// convenience
</span><span class=keyword>operator </span><a href="#unspecified_bool"><span class=identifier>unspecified_bool_type</span></a><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;
</span> <span class=keyword>bool</span> <span
class=identifier><a href="#equal">equal</a></span><span
class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const <span
class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>& ) </span><span
class=keyword>const;</span>
<span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>front</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>back</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=comment>// for Random Access Range only: </span>
<span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>[]( </span><span class=identifier>size_type </span><span class=identifier>at </span><span class=special>) </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
</span><span class=special>};
</span><span class=comment>// stream output
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>Traits </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>basic_ostream</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>Traits</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp;
</span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>&lt;&lt;( </span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>basic_ostream</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>T</span><span class=special>,</span><span class=identifier>Traits</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>Os</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=comment>// <a href="#comparison">comparison</a>
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2 </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>==( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>==( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>==( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2 </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>!=( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>!=( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>!=( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2 </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>&lt;( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator2</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>&lt;( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>bool </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>&lt;( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>l</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator</span><span class=special>&gt;&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);</span>
</span><span class=comment>// external construction
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>make_iterator_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=identifier>Begin</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=identifier>End </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>iterator_of</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>make_iterator_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>const_iterator_of</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>make_iterator_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>Range </span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>Range</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=identifier><a href="#make_iterator_range">make_iterator_range</a></span><span class=special>(</span><span class=identifier> Range</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_difference</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>Range</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>advance_begin</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_difference</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>Range</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>advance_end </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>Range </span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>Range</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=special>&gt;</span>
<span class=identifier>make_iterator_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>Range</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_difference</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>Range</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>advance_begin</span><span class=special>,
</span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_difference</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>Range</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>advance_end </span><span class=special>);</span>
</span><span class=comment>// convenience
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>Sequence</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>Sequence </span><a href="#copy_range"><span
class=identifier>copy_range</span></a><span class=special>( </span><span
class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=special>} </span><span class=comment>// namespace 'boost'</span>
</pre>
<p>
If an instance of
<code>iterator_range</code> is constructed by a client with two iterators, the
client must ensure that the two iterators delimit a valid closed-open range
<code>[begin,end)</code>.
</p>
<p>
It is worth noticing that the templated constructors and assignment operators
allow conversion from <code>iterator_range&lt;iterator></code> to
<code>iterator_range&lt;const_iterator></code>. Similarly, since the comparison
operators have two template arguments, we can compare ranges whenever the
iterators are comparable; for example when we are dealing with const and
non-const iterators from the same container. </p>
<h3>Details member functions</h3>
<p>
<a name="unspecified_bool"></a>
<code>operator unspecified_bool_type() const; </code>
<blockquote>
<i>Returns</i> <code>!empty();</code>
</blockquote>
</p>
<p>
<a name="equal"></a>
<code>bool equal( iterator_range& r ) const;</code>
<blockquote>
<i>Returns</i> <code>begin() == r.begin() && end() == r.end();</code>
</blockquote>
</p>
<h3>Details functions</h3>
<p>
<a name="comparison"></a>
<code>bool operator==( const ForwardRange1& l, const ForwardRange2& r );</code>
<blockquote>
<i>Returns</i> <code>size(l) != size(r) ? false : std::equal( begin(l), end(l), begin(r) );</code> </blockquote> </p>
<code>bool operator!=( const ForwardRange1& l, const ForwardRange2& r );</code>
<blockquote>
<i>Returns</i> <code>!( l == r );</code>
</blockquote>
<code>bool operator<( const ForwardRange1& l, const ForwardRange2& r );</code>
<blockquote>
<i>Returns</i> <code>std::lexicographical_compare( begin(l), end(l), begin(r), end(r) );</code> </blockquote>
<p>
<a name="make_iterator_range"></a>
<pre>
iterator_range make_iterator_range( Range& r,
typename range_difference&lt;Range>::type advance_begin,
typename range_difference&lt;Range>::type advance_end );
</pre>
<blockquote>
<i>Effects</i>:
<pre>
iterator new_begin = begin( r ),
iterator new_end = end( r );
std::advance( new_begin, advance_begin );
std::advance( new_end, advance_end );
return make_iterator_range( new_begin, new_end );
</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>
<a name="copy_range"></a>
<code>Sequence copy_range( const ForwardRange& r );</code>
<blockquote>
<i>Returns</i> <code>Sequence( begin(r), end(r) );</code>
</blockquote>
</p>
<hr> <a name=sub_range></a>
<h1>Class <code>sub_range</code></h1>
The <code>sub_range</code> class inherits all its functionality
from the <a href="#iter_range"><code>iterator_range</code></a> class.
The <code>sub_range</code> class is often easier to use because
one must specify the <a href="range.html#forward_range">Forward Range</a>
template argument instead of an iterator. Moreover, the <code>sub_range</code>
class can propagate constness since it knows what a corresponding
<code>const_iterator</code> is.
<h3>Synopsis</h3>
<pre>
<span class=keyword>namespace </span><span class=identifier>boost</span>
<span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>sub_range </span><span class=special>: </span><span class=keyword>public </span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_result_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=special>{
</span><span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>: </span>
<span class=keyword>typedef </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_result_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><spanclass=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=keyword>typedef </span><span class=keyword>typename </span><span class=identifier>range_const_iterator</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange</span><span class=special>&gt;::</span><span class=identifier>type </span><span class=identifier>const_iterator</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>: </span><span class=comment>// construction, assignment
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>sub_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=identifier>Begin</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=identifier>ForwardTraversalIterator </span><span class=identifier>End </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange2 </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>sub_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange2</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange2 </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>sub_range</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>Range2</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange2 </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>sub_range</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>=( </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange2</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=keyword>template</span><span class=special>&lt; </span><span class=keyword>class </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange2 </span><span class=special>&gt;
</span><span class=identifier>sub_range</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>=( </span><span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>ForwardRange2</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>r </span><span class=special>);
</span>
<span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>: </span><span class=comment>// Forward Range functions
</span><span class=identifier>iterator </span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>();
</span><span class=identifier>const_iterator </span><span class=identifier>begin</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;
</span><span class=identifier>iterator </span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>();
</span><span class=identifier>const_iterator </span><span class=identifier>end</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>: </span><span class=comment>// convenience
</span> <span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>front</span><span class=special>();</span>
<span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>front</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>back</span><span class=special>();</span>
<span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=identifier>back</span><span class=special>() </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=comment>// for Random Access Range only: </span>
<span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>[]( </span><span class=identifier>size_type </span><span class=identifier>at </span><span class=special>);</span>
<span class=keyword>const </span><span class=identifier>value_type</span><span class=special>&amp; </span><span class=keyword>operator</span><span class=special>[]( </span><span class=identifier>size_type </span><span class=identifier>at </span><span class=special>) </span><span class=keyword>const</span><span class=special>;</span>
<span class=keyword>public</span><span class=special>:
</span><span class=comment>// rest of interface inherited from <a href=#iter_range><code>iterator_range</code></a>
</span><span class=special>};
</span>
<span class=special>} </span><span class=comment>// namespace 'boost'</span>
</pre>
<p>
The class should be trivial to use as seen below.
Imagine that we have an algorithm that searches for a sub-string in a string.
The
result is an <code>iterator_range</code>, that delimits the match. We need to
store the result
from this algorithm. Here is an example of how we can do it with and without
<code>sub_range</code>
<pre>
<span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string </span><span class=identifier>str</span><span class=special>(</span><span class=string>&quot;hello&quot;</span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=identifier>iterator_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>iterator</span><span class=special>&gt; </span><span class=identifier>ir </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=identifier>find_first</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>str</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=string>&quot;ll&quot; </span><span class=special>);
</span><span class=identifier>sub_range</span><span class=special>&lt;</span><span class=identifier>std</span><span class=special>::</span><span class=identifier>string</span><span class=special>&gt; </span><span class=identifier>sub </span><span class=special>= </span><span class=identifier>find_first</span><span class=special>( </span><span class=identifier>str</span><span class=special>, </span><span class=string>&quot;ll&quot; </span><span class=special>);</span>
</pre>
</p>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Boost.Range Documentation </title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="doc/style.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<table border="0" >
<tr>
<td ><img src="../../boost.png" border="0" ></td>
<td >
<h1 align="center">Range Library</h1>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
Copyright <20> 2003-2004 Thorsten Ottosen
</p>
<p>
Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version 1.0
(see <a href=http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt>
http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>).
</p>
<h1>Overview</h1>
<p>
Boost.Range is a collection of concepts and utilities that are particularly
useful for specifying and implementing generic algorithms. The documentation
consists of the following sections:
</p>
<ul>
<li> <a href="doc/intro.html">Introduction </a></code>
<li><a href="doc/range.html">Range concepts:</a>
<ul>
<li> <a href="doc/range.html#single_pass_range">SinglePassRange</a>
<li> <a href="doc/range.html#forward_range">ForwardRange</a>
<li> <a href="doc/range.html#bidirectional_range">BidirectionalRange</a>
<li> <a href="doc/range.html#random_access_range">RandomAccessRange</a> </ul>
<li> <a href="doc/boost_range.html">Reference</a>
<li> <a href="doc/utility_class.html"> Utilities:</a>
<ul>
<li> Class <a href="doc/utility_class.html#iter_range"><code>iterator_range</code></a>
<li> Class <a href="doc/utility_class.html#sub_range"><code>sub_range</code></a> </ul>
<li> <a href="doc/style.html">Terminology and style guidelines </a>
<li><a href="doc/headers.html">Headers</a> </li>
<li><a href="doc/examples.html">Examples</a>
<li><a href="doc/portability.html">Portability</a>
<li><a href="doc/faq.html">FAQ</a>
<li><a href="doc/history_ack.html">History and acknowledgment</a>
</ul>
<hr>
<p>
(C) Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004
</p>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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# Boost.Range library
#
# Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
# distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
# 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
# http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
#
# For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
#
subproject libs/range/test ;
import testing ;
rule range-test ( name : includes * )
{
return [
run $(name).cpp
<lib>../../test/build/boost_unit_test_framework
:
:
: <include>$(BOOST_ROOT)
$(includes)
] ;
}
test-suite range :
[ range-test array ]
[ range-test iterator_pair ]
[ range-test std_container ]
[ range-test string ]
[ range-test iterator_range ]
[ range-test sub_range ]
[ range-test partial_workaround ]
[ range-test algorithm_example ]
[ range-test reversible_range ]
[ range-test const_ranges ]
# [ range-test mfc : <include>$(VC71_ROOT)/atlmfc/include ]
;

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# Boost.Range library
#
# Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
# distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
# 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
# http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
#
# For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
#
rule range-test ( name : includes * )
{
return [
run $(name).cpp /boost/test//boost_unit_test_framework
:
:
: $(includes)
] ;
}
test-suite range :
[ range-test array ]
[ range-test iterator_pair ]
[ range-test std_container ]
[ range-test string ]
[ range-test iterator_range ]
[ range-test sub_range ]
[ range-test partial_workaround ]
[ range-test algorithm_example ]
[ range-test reversible_range ]
[ range-test const_ranges ]
[ range-test mfc : <include>$(VC71_ROOT)/atlmfc/include ]
;

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
enum adl_types
{
unused,
boost_namespace,
templated_namespace,
non_templated_namespace,
global_namespace
};
namespace boost
{
namespace range_detail
{
template< class Range >
inline typename Range::iterator begin( Range& r )
{
return boost_namespace;
}
template< class Range >
inline typename Range::iterator begin( const Range& r )
{
return boost_namespace;
}
}
template< class Range >
inline typename Range::iterator begin( Range& r )
{
using range_detail::begin; // create ADL hook
return begin( r );
}
template< class Range >
inline typename Range::iterator begin( const Range& r )
{
using range_detail::begin; // create ADL hook
return begin( r );
}
}
namespace find_templated
{
template< class T >
struct range
{
typedef adl_types iterator;
range() { /* allow const objects */ }
iterator begin() { return unused; }
iterator begin() const { return unused; }
iterator end() { return unused; }
iterator end() const { return unused; }
};
//
// A fully generic version here will create
// ambiguity.
//
template< class T >
inline typename range<T>::iterator begin( range<T>& r )
{
return templated_namespace;
}
template< class T >
inline typename range<T>::iterator begin( const range<T>& r )
{
return templated_namespace;
}
}
namespace find_non_templated
{
struct range
{
typedef adl_types iterator;
range() { /* allow const objects */ }
iterator begin() { return unused; }
iterator begin() const { return unused; }
iterator end() { return unused; }
iterator end() const { return unused; }
};
inline range::iterator begin( range& r )
{
return non_templated_namespace;
}
inline range::iterator begin( const range& r )
{
return non_templated_namespace;
}
}
struct range
{
typedef adl_types iterator;
range() { /* allow const objects */ }
iterator begin() { return unused; }
iterator begin() const { return unused; }
iterator end() { return unused; }
iterator end() const { return unused; }
};
inline range::iterator begin( range& r )
{
return global_namespace;
}
inline range::iterator begin( const range& r )
{
return global_namespace;
}
void check_adl_conformance()
{
find_templated::range<int> r;
const find_templated::range<int> r2;
find_non_templated::range r3;
const find_non_templated::range r4;
range r5;
const range r6;
//
// Notice how ADL kicks in even when we have qualified
// notation!
//
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( r ) != boost_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( r2 ) != boost_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( r3 ) != boost_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( r4 ) != boost_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( r5 ) != boost_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( r6 ) != boost_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( boost::begin( r ), templated_namespace ) ;
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( boost::begin( r2 ), templated_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( boost::begin( r3 ), non_templated_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( boost::begin( r4 ), non_templated_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( boost::begin( r5 ), global_namespace );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( boost::begin( r6 ), global_namespace );
}
#include <boost/test/included/unit_test_framework.hpp>
using boost::unit_test_framework::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_adl_conformance ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <iostream>
namespace A
{
namespace detail
{
template< typename T >
int f( const T& x )
{
// Default:
std::cout << 1 << std::endl;
return 1;
}
template< typename T >
int adl_f2( const T& x, int* )
{
return f( x );
}
template< typename T >
int adl_f( const T& x )
{
return adl_f2( x, 0 );
}
}
template< typename T >
int f( const T& x )
{
return detail::adl_f( x );
}
template< typename T >
int adl_f2( const T& x, int )
{
return detail::f( x );
}
//--------------------------------
class C {};
/*
// Optional:
int f( const C& x )
{
std::cout << 2 << std::endl;
}
*/
template< typename T >
class D {};
/*
// Optional:
template< typename T >
int f( const D< T >& x )
{
std::cout << 3 << std::endl;
}
*/
}
namespace B
{
class C {};
// Optional:
/* int f( const C& )
{
std::cout << 4 << std::endl;
}
*/
template< typename T >
class D {};
/*
// Optional:
template< typename T >
int f( const D< T >& x )
{
std::cout << 5 << std::endl;
}
*/
}
int main()
{
A::f( 42 );
A::C ac;
A::f( ac );
A::D< int > ad;
A::f( ad );
B::C bc;
A::f( bc );
B::D< int > bd;
A::f( bd );
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range/functions.hpp>
#include <boost/range/metafunctions.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <utility>
namespace
{
//
// example: extrating bounds in a generic algorithm
//
template< typename Range, typename T >
inline typename boost::range_iterator<Range>::type
find( Range& c, const T& value )
{
return std::find( boost::begin( c ), boost::end( c ), value );
}
template< typename Range, typename T >
inline typename boost::range_const_iterator<Range>::type
find( const Range& c, const T& value )
{
return std::find( boost::begin( c ), boost::end( c ), value );
}
//
// replace first value and return its index
//
template< class Range, class T >
inline typename boost::range_size<Range>::type
my_generic_replace( Range& c, const T& value, const T& replacement )
{
typename boost::range_iterator<Range>::type found = find( c, value );
if( found != boost::end( c ) )
*found = replacement;
return std::distance( boost::begin( c ), found );
}
}
void check_algorithm()
{
//
// usage
//
const unsigned N = 5;
std::vector<int> my_vector;
int values[] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 };
my_vector.assign( values, values + 9 );
typedef std::vector<int>::iterator iterator;
std::pair<iterator,iterator> my_view( boost::begin( my_vector ),
boost::begin( my_vector ) + N );
char str_val[] = "a string";
char* str = str_val;
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( my_generic_replace( my_vector, 4, 2 ), 3u );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( my_generic_replace( my_view, 4, 2 ), N );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( my_generic_replace( str, 'a', 'b' ), 0u );
}
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_algorithm ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
void check_array()
{
const int sz = 9;
typedef int array_t[sz];
int my_array[sz] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 };
const array_t ca = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10 };
// BOOST_RANGE_NO_STATIC_ASSERT
#if !defined( __BORLANDC__ )
#else
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<array_t>::type, int >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<array_t>::type, int* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<array_t>::type, const int* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<array_t>::type, std::ptrdiff_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<array_t>::type, std::size_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<array_t>::type, int* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const array_t>::type, const int* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<const array_t>::type, const int >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<const array_t>::type, const int* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<const array_t>::type, const int* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<const array_t>::type, std::ptrdiff_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<const array_t>::type, std::size_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const array_t>::type, const int* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const array_t>::type, const int* >::value ));
#endif
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( begin( my_array ), my_array );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( end( my_array ), my_array + size( my_array ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( empty( my_array ), false );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( begin( ca ), ca );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( end( ca ), ca + size( ca ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( empty( ca ),false );
}
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_array ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/config.hpp>
enum Container {};
enum String {};
template< typename T >
struct range_iterator;
template<>
struct range_iterator<Container>
{
template< typename C >
struct pts
{
typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME C::iterator type;
};
};
template<>
struct range_iterator<String>
{
template< typename C >
struct pts
{
typedef C type;
};
};
template< typename C >
class iterator_of
{
public:
typedef range_iterator<Container>::BOOST_NESTED_TEMPLATE pts<C>::type type;
};
#include <vector>
void compat1()
{
std::vector<int> v;
iterator_of< std::vector<int> >::type i = v.begin();
}
#include <boost/test/included/unit_test_framework.hpp>
using boost::unit_test_framework::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &compat1 ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/config.hpp>
enum Container {};
enum String {};
template< typename T >
struct range_iterator;
template<>
struct range_iterator<Container>
{
template< typename C >
struct pts
{
typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME C::iterator type;
};
};
template<>
struct range_iterator<String>
{
template< typename C >
struct pts
{
typedef C type;
};
};
template< typename C >
class iterator_of
{
public:
typedef BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME range_iterator<Container>:: template pts<C>::type type;
};
#include <vector>
void compat1()
{
std::vector<int> v;
iterator_of< std::vector<int> >::type i = v.begin();
}
#include <boost/test/included/unit_test_framework.hpp>
using boost::unit_test_framework::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &compat1 ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
#include <string>
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
template< class T >
const T& as_const( const T& r )
{
return r;
}
void check_const_ranges()
{
std::string foo( "foo" );
const std::string bar( "bar" );
BOOST_CHECK( const_begin( foo ) == begin( as_const( foo ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( const_end( foo ) == end( as_const( foo ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( const_rbegin( foo ) == rbegin( as_const( foo ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( const_rend( foo ) == rend( as_const( foo ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( const_begin( bar ) == begin( as_const( bar ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( const_end( bar ) == end( as_const( bar ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( const_rbegin( bar ) == rbegin( as_const( bar ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( const_rend( bar ) == rend( as_const( bar ) ) );
}
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_const_ranges ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range/functions.hpp>
#include <boost/range/metafunctions.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <vector>
using namespace boost;
void check_iterator_pair()
{
typedef std::vector<int> vec_t;
vec_t vec;
vec.push_back( 4 );
typedef std::pair<vec_t::iterator,vec_t::iterator>
pair_t;
typedef std::pair<vec_t::const_iterator,vec_t::const_iterator>
const_pair_t;
typedef const pair_t const_pair_tt;
pair_t pair = std::make_pair( begin( vec ), end( vec ) );
const_pair_t const_pair = std::make_pair( begin( vec ), end( vec ) );
const_pair_tt constness_pair( pair );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<pair_t>::type,
detail::iterator_traits<pair_t::first_type>::value_type>::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<pair_t>::type, pair_t::first_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<pair_t>::type, pair_t::first_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<pair_t>::type,
detail::iterator_traits<pair_t::first_type>::difference_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<pair_t>::type, std::size_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<pair_t>::type, pair_t::first_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const_pair_t>::type, const_pair_t::first_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<const_pair_tt>::type,
detail::iterator_traits<const_pair_t::first_type>::value_type>::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<const_pair_tt>::type, const_pair_tt::first_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<const_pair_tt>::type, const_pair_tt::first_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<const_pair_tt>::type,
detail::iterator_traits<const_pair_tt::first_type>::difference_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<const_pair_tt>::type, std::size_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const_pair_tt>::type, const_pair_tt::first_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const_pair_tt>::type, const_pair_tt::first_type >::value ));
BOOST_CHECK( begin( pair ) == pair.first );
BOOST_CHECK( end( pair ) == pair.second );
BOOST_CHECK( empty( pair ) == (pair.first == pair.second) );
BOOST_CHECK( size( pair ) == std::size_t( std::distance( pair.first, pair.second ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( begin( const_pair ) == const_pair.first );
BOOST_CHECK( end( const_pair ) == const_pair.second );
BOOST_CHECK( empty( const_pair ) == (const_pair.first == const_pair.second) );
BOOST_CHECK( size( const_pair ) == std::size_t( std::distance( const_pair.first, const_pair.second ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( begin( constness_pair ) == constness_pair.first );
BOOST_CHECK( end( constness_pair ) == constness_pair.second );
BOOST_CHECK( empty( constness_pair ) == (constness_pair.first == const_pair.second) );
BOOST_CHECK( size( constness_pair ) == std::size_t( std::distance( constness_pair.first, constness_pair.second ) ) );
}
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_iterator_pair ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range/iterator_range.hpp>
#include <boost/range/functions.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
void check_iterator_range()
{
typedef string::iterator iterator;
typedef string::const_iterator const_iterator;
typedef iterator_range<iterator> irange;
typedef iterator_range<const_iterator> cirange;
string str = "hello world";
const string cstr = "const world";
irange r = make_iterator_range( str );
r = make_iterator_range( str.begin(), str.end() );
cirange r2 = make_iterator_range( cstr );
r2 = make_iterator_range( cstr.begin(), cstr.end() );
r2 = make_iterator_range( str );
BOOST_CHECK( !r.empty() );
BOOST_CHECK( !r2.empty() );
//#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
// if( !(bool)r )
// BOOST_CHECK( false );
// if( !(bool)r2 )
// BOOST_CHECK( false );
//#else
if( !r )
BOOST_CHECK( false );
if( !r2 )
BOOST_CHECK( false );
//#endif
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( r.size(), size( r ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( r2.size(), size( r2 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( distance( r.begin(), r.end() ),
distance( begin( r2 ), end( r2 ) ) );
cout << r << r2;
string res = copy_range<string>( r );
BOOST_CHECK( equal( res.begin(), res.end(), r.begin() ) );
irange rr = make_iterator_range( str );
BOOST_CHECK( rr.equal( r ) );
rr = make_iterator_range( str.begin(), str.begin() + 5 );
BOOST_CHECK( rr == "hello" );
BOOST_CHECK( rr != "hell" );
BOOST_CHECK( rr < "hello dude" );
BOOST_CHECK( "hello" == rr );
BOOST_CHECK( "hell" != rr );
BOOST_CHECK( ! ("hello dude" < rr ) );
irange rrr = rr;
BOOST_CHECK( rrr == rr );
BOOST_CHECK( !( rrr != rr ) );
BOOST_CHECK( !( rrr < rr ) );
const irange cr = make_iterator_range( str );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( cr.front(), 'h' );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( cr.back(), 'd' );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( cr[1], 'e' );
rrr = make_iterator_range( str, 1, -1 );
BOOST_CHECK( rrr == "ello worl" );
rrr = make_iterator_range( rrr, -1, 1 );
BOOST_CHECK( rrr == str );
}
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_iterator_range ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#define _MSL_USING_NAMESPACE 1
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#define BOOST_RANGE_ENABLE_MFC
#define BOOST_RANGE_ENABLE_MCF_CARRAY
/*
#define WIN32
#define _WINDOWS
#define _MBCS
#define _AFXDLL
#define _ATL_DLL
*/
///Od /D "WIN32" /D "_WINDOWS" /D "_DEBUG" /D "_MBCS" /D "_AFXDLL" /D "_ATL_DLL" /Gm /EHsc /RTC1
// /MDd /Zc:wchar_t /Yu"stdafx.h" /Fp"Debug/Foo.pch" /Fo"Debug/" /Fd"Debug/vc70.pdb" /W3 /nologo /c /Wp64 /ZI /TP
#include <boost/range.hpp>
#include <boost/range/detail/mfc/carray.hpp>
#include <boost/range/detail/mfc/cstring.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <boost/config.hpp>
void check_mfc()
{
CString s = "hello world";
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( s ) + boost::size( s ) == boost::end( s ) );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::size( s ) == boost::size( "hello world" ) );
BOOST_CHECK( !boost::empty( s ) );
const CString cs( s );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( cs ) + boost::size( cs ) == boost::end( cs ) );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::size( cs ) == boost::size( "hello world" ) );
BOOST_CHECK( !boost::empty( cs ) );
CArray<int,int> a;
BOOST_CHECK( boost::empty( a ) );
a.Add( 5 );
a.Add( 10 );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( a ) + boost::size( a ) == boost::end( a ) );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::size( a ) == 2 );
BOOST_CHECK( !boost::empty( a ) );
const CArray<int,int>& ca = a;
BOOST_CHECK( boost::begin( ca ) + boost::size( ca ) == boost::end( ca ) );
BOOST_CHECK( boost::size( ca ) == 2 );
BOOST_CHECK( !boost::empty( ca ) );
}
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_mfc ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#ifdef BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
#include <boost/range/iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/range/const_iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/range/size_type.hpp>
#include <boost/range/value_type.hpp>
#include <boost/range/difference_type.hpp>
#include <boost/range/result_iterator.hpp>
#include <boost/range/begin.hpp>
#include <boost/range/end.hpp>
#include <boost/range/size.hpp>
#include <boost/range/empty.hpp>
#include <boost/range/detail/sfinae.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
void check_partial_workaround()
{
using namespace range_detail;
using type_traits::yes_type;
using type_traits::no_type;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// string
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
char* c_ptr;
const char* cc_ptr;
wchar_t* w_ptr;
const wchar_t* cw_ptr;
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_string_impl( c_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_string_impl( cc_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_string_impl( w_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_string_impl( cw_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_char_ptr_impl( c_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( no_type ) == sizeof( is_char_ptr_impl( cc_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_wchar_t_ptr_impl( w_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( no_type ) == sizeof( is_wchar_t_ptr_impl( cw_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_const_char_ptr_impl( c_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_const_char_ptr_impl( cc_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_const_wchar_t_ptr_impl( w_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT( sizeof( yes_type ) == sizeof( is_const_wchar_t_ptr_impl( cw_ptr ) ) );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( boost::is_same< boost::range_detail::std_container_,
boost::range_detail::range< vector<int> >::type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( boost::is_same< boost::range_detail::std_pair_,
boost::range_detail::range< pair<int,int> >::type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( boost::is_same< boost::range_detail::array_,
boost::range_detail::range< int[42] >::type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( boost::is_same< boost::range_detail::char_ptr_,
boost::range_detail::range< char* >::type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( boost::is_same< boost::range_detail::const_char_ptr_,
boost::range_detail::range< const char* >::type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( boost::is_same< boost::range_detail::wchar_t_ptr_,
boost::range_detail::range< wchar_t* >::type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( boost::is_same< boost::range_detail::const_wchar_t_ptr_,
boost::range_detail::range< const wchar_t* >::type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( boost::is_same< boost::range_detail::std_container_,
boost::range_detail::range< vector<int> >::type >::value ));
}
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_partial_workaround ) );
return test;
}
#else // BOOST_NO_TEMPLATE_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATION
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int, char** )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
return test;
}
#endif

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range/rbegin.hpp>
#include <boost/range/rend.hpp>
#include <boost/range/begin.hpp>
#include <boost/range/end.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
void check_iterator()
{
typedef vector<char> vec_t;
typedef vec_t::iterator iterator;
typedef pair<iterator,iterator> pair_t;
typedef range_reverse_iterator<pair_t>::type rev_iterator;
typedef pair<rev_iterator,rev_iterator> rev_pair_t;
vec_t vec;
pair_t p = make_pair( vec.begin(), vec.end() );
rev_pair_t rp = make_pair( rbegin( p ), rend( p ) );
char* str = "mutable";
const char* cstr = "not mutable";
char a[] = "mutable";
const char ca[] = "not mutable";
wchar_t* wstr = L"mutable";
const wchar_t* cwstr= L"not mutable";
wchar_t wa[] = L"mutable";
const wchar_t cwa[]= L"not mutable";
BOOST_CHECK( rbegin( vec ) == range_reverse_iterator<vec_t>::type( vec.end() ) );
BOOST_CHECK( rend( vec ) == range_reverse_iterator<vec_t>::type( vec.begin() ) );
BOOST_CHECK( std::distance( rbegin( vec ), rend( vec ) ) == std::distance( begin( vec ), end( vec ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( rbegin( p ) == begin( rp ) );
BOOST_CHECK( rend( p ) == end( rp ) );
BOOST_CHECK( std::distance( rbegin( p ), rend( p ) ) == std::distance( begin( rp ), end( rp ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK( std::distance( begin( p ), end( p ) ) == std::distance( rbegin( rp ), rend( rp ) ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*begin( str ), &*( rend( str ) - 1 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*( end( str ) - 1 ), &*rbegin( str ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*begin( cstr ), &*( rend( cstr ) - 1 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*( end( cstr ) - 1 ), &*rbegin( cstr ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*begin( a ), &*( rend( a ) - 1 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*( end( a ) - 1 ), &*rbegin( a ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*begin( ca ), &*( rend( ca ) - 1 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*( end( ca ) - 1 ), &*rbegin( ca ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*begin( wstr ), &*( rend( wstr ) - 1 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*( end( wstr ) - 1 ), &*rbegin( wstr ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*begin( cwstr ), &*( rend( cwstr ) - 1 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*( end( cwstr ) - 1 ), &*rbegin( cwstr ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*begin( wa ), &*( rend( wa ) - 1 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*( end( wa ) - 1 ), &*rbegin( wa ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*begin( cwa ), &*( rend( cwa ) - 1 ) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( &*( end( cwa ) - 1 ), &*rbegin( cwa ) );
}
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_iterator ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range/functions.hpp>
#include <boost/range/metafunctions.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <vector>
using namespace boost;
void check_std_container()
{
typedef std::vector<int> vec_t;
vec_t vec;
vec.push_back( 3 ); vec.push_back( 4 );
const vec_t cvec( vec );
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<vec_t>::type, vec_t::value_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<vec_t>::type, vec_t::iterator >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<vec_t>::type, vec_t::const_iterator >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<vec_t>::type, vec_t::difference_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<vec_t>::type, vec_t::size_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<vec_t>::type, vec_t::iterator >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const vec_t>::type, vec_t::const_iterator >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<const vec_t>::type, vec_t::value_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<const vec_t>::type, vec_t::iterator >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<const vec_t>::type, vec_t::const_iterator >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<const vec_t>::type, vec_t::difference_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<const vec_t>::type, vec_t::size_type >::value ));
BOOST_CHECK( begin( vec ) == vec.begin() );
BOOST_CHECK( end( vec ) == vec.end() );
BOOST_CHECK( empty( vec ) == vec.empty() );
BOOST_CHECK( size( vec ) == vec.size() );
BOOST_CHECK( begin( cvec ) == cvec.begin() );
BOOST_CHECK( end( cvec ) == cvec.end() );
BOOST_CHECK( empty( cvec ) == cvec.empty() );
BOOST_CHECK( size( cvec ) == cvec.size() );
}
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_std_container ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
//#define _MSL_USING_NAMESPACE 1
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range.hpp>
#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
#include <boost/type_traits.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>
#include <algorithm>
template< typename Container, typename T >
BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME boost::range_iterator<Container>::type
find( Container& c, T value )
{
return std::find( boost::begin( c ), boost::end( c ), value );
}
template< typename Container, typename T >
BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME boost::range_const_iterator<Container>::type
find( const Container& c, T value )
{
return std::find( boost::begin( c ), boost::end( c ), value );
}
template< typename Container, typename T >
BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME boost::range_iterator<Container>::type
find_mutable( Container& c, T value )
{
boost::size( c );
boost::end( c );
return std::find( boost::begin( c ), boost::end( c ), value );
}
template< typename Container, typename T >
BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME boost::range_const_iterator<Container>::type
find_const( const Container& c, T value )
{
boost::size( c );
boost::end( c );
return std::find( boost::begin( c ), boost::end( c ), value );
}
std::vector<char>
check_rvalue_return()
{
return std::vector<char>( 10, 'm' );
}
using namespace boost;
void check_char()
{
typedef char* char_iterator_t;
typedef char char_array_t[10];
const char* char_s = "a string";
char my_string[] = "another string";
const unsigned my_string_length = 14;
char* char_s2 = "a string";
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<char_iterator_t>::type,
detail::iterator_traits<char_iterator_t>::value_type>::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<char_iterator_t>::type, char_iterator_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<char_iterator_t>::type, const char* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<char_iterator_t>::type,
::std::ptrdiff_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<char_iterator_t>::type, std::size_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<char_iterator_t>::type, char_iterator_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const char*>::type, const char* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<char_array_t>::type,
char>::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<char_array_t>::type, char* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<char_array_t>::type, const char* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<char_array_t>::type,
::std::ptrdiff_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<char_array_t>::type, std::size_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<char_array_t>::type, char* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const char_array_t>::type, const char* >::value ));
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( begin( char_s ), char_s );
std::size_t sz = size( char_s );
const char* end1 = begin( char_s ) + sz;
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( end( char_s ), end1 );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( empty( char_s ), (char_s == 0 || char_s[0] == char()) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( sz, std::char_traits<char>::length( char_s ) );
/*
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( begin( char_s2 ), char_s2 );
std::size_t sz2 = size( char_s2 );
const char* end12 = begin( char_s2 ) + sz;
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( end( char_s2 ), end12 );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( empty( char_s2 ), (char_s2 == 0 || char_s2[0] == char()) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( sz2, std::char_traits<char>::length( char_s2 ) );
*/
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( begin( my_string ), my_string );
range_iterator<char_array_t>::type end2 = begin( my_string ) + size( my_string );
range_iterator<char_array_t>::type end3 = end( my_string );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( end3, end2 );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( empty( my_string ), (my_string == 0 || my_string[0] == char()) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( size( my_string ), my_string_length );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( size( my_string ), std::char_traits<char>::length( my_string ) );
char to_search = 'n';
BOOST_CHECK( find_mutable( char_s, to_search ) != end( char_s ) );
BOOST_CHECK( find_const( char_s, to_search ) != end( char_s ) );
BOOST_CHECK( find_mutable( my_string, to_search ) != end( my_string ) );
BOOST_CHECK( find_const( my_string, to_search ) != end( my_string ) );
BOOST_CHECK( find_mutable( char_s2, to_search ) != end( char_s2 ) );
BOOST_CHECK( find_const( char_s2, to_search ) != end( char_s2 ) );
}
void check_string()
{
check_char();
// check_char<volatile char>();
// check_char<const char>();
// check_char<const volatile char>();
#ifndef BOOST_NO_STD_WSTRING
typedef wchar_t* wchar_iterator_t;
const wchar_t* char_ws = L"a wide string";
wchar_t my_wstring[] = L"another wide string";
wchar_t* char_ws2 = L"a wide string";
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_value<wchar_iterator_t>::type,
detail::iterator_traits<wchar_iterator_t>::value_type>::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_iterator<wchar_iterator_t>::type, wchar_iterator_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_const_iterator<wchar_iterator_t>::type, const wchar_t* >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_difference<wchar_iterator_t>::type,
detail::iterator_traits<wchar_iterator_t>::difference_type >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_size<wchar_iterator_t>::type, std::size_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<wchar_iterator_t>::type, wchar_iterator_t >::value ));
BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(( is_same< range_result_iterator<const wchar_t*>::type, const wchar_t* >::value ));
std::size_t sz = size( char_ws );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( begin( char_ws ), char_ws );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( end( char_ws ), (begin( char_ws ) + sz) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( empty( char_ws ), (char_ws == 0 || char_ws[0] == wchar_t()) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( sz, std::char_traits<wchar_t>::length( char_ws ) );
/*
std::size_t sz2 = size( char_ws2 );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( begin( char_ws2 ), char_ws2 );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( end( char_ws2 ), (begin( char_ws2 ) + sz2) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( empty( char_ws2 ), (char_ws2 == 0 || char_ws2[0] == wchar_t()) );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( sz2, std::char_traits<wchar_t>::length( char_ws2 ) );
*/
wchar_t to_search = L'n';
BOOST_CHECK( find( char_ws, to_search ) != end( char_ws ) );
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(_MSC_VER, BOOST_TESTED_AT(1300))
BOOST_CHECK( find( my_wstring, to_search ) != end( my_wstring ) );
#endif
#endif
find( check_rvalue_return(), 'n' );
}
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_string ) );
return test;
}

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// Boost.Range library
//
// Copyright Thorsten Ottosen 2003-2004. Use, modification and
// distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version
// 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
//
// For more information, see http://www.boost.org/libs/range/
//
#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
# pragma warn -8091 // supress warning in Boost.Test
# pragma warn -8057 // unused argument argc/argv in Boost.Test
#endif
#include <boost/range/sub_range.hpp>
#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
void check_sub_range()
{
typedef string::iterator iterator;
typedef string::const_iterator const_iterator;
typedef iterator_range<iterator> irange;
typedef iterator_range<const_iterator> cirange;
string str = "hello world";
const string cstr = "const world";
irange r = make_iterator_range( str );
r = make_iterator_range( str.begin(), str.end() );
cirange r2 = make_iterator_range( cstr );
r2 = make_iterator_range( cstr.begin(), cstr.end() );
r2 = make_iterator_range( str );
typedef sub_range<string> srange;
typedef sub_range<const string> csrange;
srange s = r;
BOOST_CHECK( r == r );
BOOST_CHECK( s == r );
s = make_iterator_range( str );
csrange s2 = r;
s2 = r2;
s2 = make_iterator_range( cstr );
BOOST_CHECK( r2 == r2 );
BOOST_CHECK( s2 != r2 );
s2 = make_iterator_range( str );
BOOST_CHECK( !(s != s) );
BOOST_CHECK( r.begin() == s.begin() );
BOOST_CHECK( r2.begin()== s2.begin() );
BOOST_CHECK( r.end() == s.end() );
BOOST_CHECK( r2.end() == s2.end() );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( r.size(), s.size() );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( r2.size(), s2.size() );
//#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(__BORLANDC__, BOOST_TESTED_AT(0x564))
// if( !(bool)r )
// BOOST_CHECK( false );
// if( !(bool)r2 )
// BOOST_CHECK( false );
// if( !(bool)s )
// BOOST_CHECK( false );
// if( !(bool)s2 )
// BOOST_CHECK( false );
//#else
if( !r )
BOOST_CHECK( false );
if( !r2 )
BOOST_CHECK( false );
if( !s )
BOOST_CHECK( false );
if( !s2 )
BOOST_CHECK( false );
//#endif
cout << r << r2 << s << s2;
string res = copy_range<string>( r );
BOOST_CHECK( equal( res.begin(), res.end(), r.begin() ) );
r.empty();
s.empty();
r.size();
s.size();
irange singular_irange;
BOOST_CHECK( singular_irange.empty() );
BOOST_CHECK( singular_irange.size() == 0 );
srange singular_srange;
BOOST_CHECK( singular_srange.empty() );
BOOST_CHECK( singular_srange.size() == 0 );
BOOST_CHECK( empty( singular_irange ) );
BOOST_CHECK( empty( singular_srange ) );
srange rr = make_iterator_range( str );
BOOST_CHECK( rr.equal( r ) );
rr = make_iterator_range( str.begin(), str.begin() + 5 );
BOOST_CHECK( rr == "hello" );
BOOST_CHECK( rr != "hell" );
BOOST_CHECK( rr < "hello dude" );
BOOST_CHECK( "hello" == rr );
BOOST_CHECK( "hell" != rr );
BOOST_CHECK( ! ("hello dude" < rr ) );
irange rrr = rr;
BOOST_CHECK( rrr == rr );
BOOST_CHECK( !( rrr != rr ) );
BOOST_CHECK( !( rrr < rr ) );
const irange cr = make_iterator_range( str );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( cr.front(), 'h' );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( cr.back(), 'd' );
BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL( cr[1], 'e' );
rrr = make_iterator_range( str, 1, -1 );
BOOST_CHECK( rrr == "ello worl" );
rrr = make_iterator_range( rrr, -1, 1 );
BOOST_CHECK( rrr == str );
rrr.front() = 'H';
rrr.back() = 'D';
rrr[1] = 'E';
BOOST_CHECK( rrr == "HEllo worlD" );
}
#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
using boost::unit_test::test_suite;
test_suite* init_unit_test_suite( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
test_suite* test = BOOST_TEST_SUITE( "Range Test Suite" );
test->add( BOOST_TEST_CASE( &check_sub_range ) );
return test;
}