Update revision history

.travis.yml

@@ -4,9 +4,7 @@
 
 language: cpp
 
-sudo: false
-
-python: "2.7"
+dist: xenial
 
 branches:
   only:
@@ -25,8 +23,14 @@ matrix:
 
   include:
     - os: linux
-      compiler: g++
-      env: TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++ CXXSTD=11
+      compiler: g++-4.8
+      env: TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-4.8 CXXSTD=11
+      addons:
+        apt:
+          packages:
+            - g++-4.8
+          sources:
+            - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: g++-4.9
@@ -88,6 +92,17 @@ matrix:
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
 
+    - os: linux
+      dist: bionic
+      compiler: g++-10
+      env: TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-10 CXXSTD=11,14,17,2a
+      addons:
+        apt:
+          packages:
+            - g++-10
+          sources:
+            - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
+
     - os: linux
       compiler: g++-8
       env: UBSAN=1 TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-8 CXXSTD=11,14,17,2a UBSAN_OPTIONS=print_stacktrace=1 LINKFLAGS=-fuse-ld=gold
@@ -98,6 +113,11 @@ matrix:
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
 
+    - os: linux
+      dist: trusty
+      compiler: clang++
+      env: DIST=trusty TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++ CXXSTD=11,14,1z
+
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-3.5
       env: TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-3.5 CXXSTD=11,14,1z
@@ -108,7 +128,6 @@ matrix:
             - libstdc++-4.9-dev
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-precise-3.5
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-3.6
@@ -119,7 +138,6 @@ matrix:
             - clang-3.6
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-precise-3.6
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-3.7
@@ -130,7 +148,6 @@ matrix:
             - clang-3.7
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-precise-3.7
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-3.8
@@ -141,7 +158,6 @@ matrix:
             - clang-3.8
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-precise-3.8
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-3.9
@@ -152,7 +168,6 @@ matrix:
             - clang-3.9
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-precise-3.9
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-4.0
@@ -163,7 +178,6 @@ matrix:
             - clang-4.0
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-trusty-4.0
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-5.0
@@ -174,7 +188,6 @@ matrix:
             - clang-5.0
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-trusty-5.0
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-6.0
@@ -185,7 +198,6 @@ matrix:
             - clang-6.0
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-trusty-6.0
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-7
@@ -196,7 +208,7 @@ matrix:
             - clang-7
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-trusty-7
+            - llvm-toolchain-xenial-7
 
     - os: linux
       compiler: clang++-8
@@ -207,20 +219,47 @@ matrix:
             - clang-8
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-trusty-8
+            - llvm-toolchain-xenial-8
 
     - os: linux
-      compiler: clang++-6.0
-      env: UBSAN=1 TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-6.0 CXXSTD=11,14,17,2a UBSAN_OPTIONS=print_stacktrace=1
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: clang++-9
+      env: TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-9 CXXSTD=11,14,17,2a
       addons:
         apt:
           packages:
-            - clang-6.0
+            - clang-9
           sources:
             - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
-            - llvm-toolchain-trusty-6.0
+            - sourceline: 'deb https://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-9 main'
+              key_url: 'https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key'
 
     - os: linux
+      dist: xenial
+      compiler: clang++-10
+      env: TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-10 CXXSTD=11,14,17,2a
+      addons:
+        apt:
+          packages:
+            - clang-10
+          sources:
+            - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
+            - sourceline: 'deb https://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-10 main'
+              key_url: 'https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key'
+
+    - os: linux
+      compiler: clang++-8
+      env: UBSAN=1 TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-8 CXXSTD=11,14,17,2a UBSAN_OPTIONS=print_stacktrace=1
+      addons:
+        apt:
+          packages:
+            - clang-8
+          sources:
+            - ubuntu-toolchain-r-test
+            - llvm-toolchain-xenial-8
+
+    - os: linux
+      dist: trusty
       compiler: clang++-libc++
       env: TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-libc++ CXXSTD=11,14,1z
       addons:
@@ -229,6 +268,7 @@ matrix:
             - libc++-dev
 
     - os: linux
+      dist: trusty
       compiler: clang++-libc++
       env: UBSAN=1 TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-libc++ CXXSTD=11,14,1z UBSAN_OPTIONS=print_stacktrace=1
       addons:
@@ -240,13 +280,47 @@ matrix:
       compiler: clang++
       env: TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++ CXXSTD=11,14,1z
 
+    - os: osx
+      compiler: clang++
+      env: UBSAN=1 TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++ CXXSTD=11,14,1z UBSAN_OPTIONS=print_stacktrace=1
+
+    - os: linux
+      env: CMAKE_TEST=1
+      script:
+        - mkdir __build__ && cd __build__
+        - cmake -DBOOST_ENABLE_CMAKE=1 -DBoost_VERBOSE=1 -DBOOST_INCLUDE_LIBRARIES=variant2 ..
+        - ctest --output-on-failure -R boost_variant2
+
+    - os: linux
+      env: CMAKE_SUBDIR_TEST=1
+      install:
+        - BOOST_BRANCH=develop && [ "$TRAVIS_BRANCH" == "master" ] && BOOST_BRANCH=master || true
+        - git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH https://github.com/boostorg/assert.git ../assert
+        - git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH https://github.com/boostorg/config.git ../config
+        - git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH https://github.com/boostorg/core.git ../core
+        - git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH https://github.com/boostorg/mp11.git ../mp11
+      script:
+      - cd test/cmake_subdir_test && mkdir __build__ && cd __build__
+      - cmake ..
+      - cmake --build .
+      - cmake --build . --target check
+
+    - os: linux
+      env: CMAKE_INSTALL_TEST=1
+      script:
+        - mkdir __build__ && cd __build__
+        - cmake -DBOOST_ENABLE_CMAKE=1 -DBoost_VERBOSE=1 -DBOOST_INCLUDE_LIBRARIES=variant2 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/.local ..
+        - cmake --build . --target install
+        - cd ../libs/variant2/test/cmake_install_test && mkdir __build__ && cd __build__
+        - cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/.local ..
+        - cmake --build .
+        - cmake --build . --target check
+
 install:
   - BOOST_BRANCH=develop && [ "$TRAVIS_BRANCH" == "master" ] && BOOST_BRANCH=master || true
   - cd ..
   - git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
   - cd boost-root
-  - git submodule update --init tools/build
-  - git submodule update --init libs/config
   - git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
   - mkdir -p libs/variant2
   - cp -r $TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR/* libs/variant2

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Copyright 2018, 2019 Peter Dimov
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+# http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5...3.16)
+
+project(boost_variant2 VERSION "${BOOST_SUPERPROJECT_VERSION}" LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+add_library(boost_variant2 INTERFACE)
+add_library(Boost::variant2 ALIAS boost_variant2)
+
+target_include_directories(boost_variant2 INTERFACE include)
+
+target_link_libraries(boost_variant2
+  INTERFACE
+    Boost::config
+    Boost::mp11
+)
+
+if(BOOST_SUPERPROJECT_VERSION)
+
+  include(BoostInstall)
+  boost_install(TARGETS boost_variant2 HEADER_DIRECTORY include/)
+
+endif()
+
+if(BUILD_TESTING)
+
+  add_subdirectory(test)
+
+endif()

README.md

@@ -2,15 +2,14 @@
 
 This repository contains a never-valueless, strong guarantee, C++11/14/17
 implementation of [std::variant](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/variant).
-See [the documentation](https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/master/libs/variant2/)
+See [the documentation](https://www.boost.org/libs/variant2)
 for more information.
 
 The code requires [Boost.Mp11](https://github.com/boostorg/mp11) and
 Boost.Config.
 
-The repository is intended to be placed into the `libs/variant2` directory of
-a Boost clone or release, but the header `variant.hpp` will also work
-[standalone](https://godbolt.org/z/nVUNKX).
+The library is part of Boost, starting from release 1.71, but the header
+`variant.hpp` will also work [standalone](https://godbolt.org/z/nVUNKX).
 
 Supported compilers:
 
@@ -19,4 +18,4 @@ Supported compilers:
 * Visual Studio 2015, 2017, 2019
 
 Tested on [Travis](https://travis-ci.org/boostorg/variant2/) and
-[Appveyor](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/pdimov/variant2/).
+[Appveyor](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/pdimov/variant2-fkab9).

appveyor.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright 2016-2018 Peter Dimov
+# Copyright 2016-2020 Peter Dimov
 # Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
 # (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
 
@@ -21,6 +21,14 @@ environment:
       TOOLSET: msvc-14.1
       ADDRMD: 32,64
       CXXSTD: 14,17
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
+      TOOLSET: clang-win
+      ADDRMD: 64
+      CXXSTD: 14,17
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2019
+      TOOLSET: msvc-14.2
+      ADDRMD: 32,64
+      CXXSTD: 14,17
 
 install:
   - set BOOST_BRANCH=develop
@@ -28,8 +36,6 @@ install:
   - cd ..
   - git clone -b %BOOST_BRANCH% --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
   - cd boost-root
-  - git submodule update --init tools/build
-  - git submodule update --init libs/config
   - git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
   - xcopy /s /e /q %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER% libs\variant2\
   - python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py variant2
@@ -41,4 +47,4 @@ build: off
 test_script:
   - if not "%CXXSTD%" == "" set CXXSTD=cxxstd=%CXXSTD%
   - if not "%ADDRMD%" == "" set ADDRMD=address-model=%ADDRMD%
-  - b2 libs/variant2/test toolset=%TOOLSET% %CXXSTD% %ADDRMD% variant=debug,release
+  - b2 -j3 libs/variant2/test toolset=%TOOLSET% %CXXSTD% %ADDRMD% variant=debug,release

doc/variant2/changelog.adoc

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ////
-Copyright 2019 Peter Dimov
+Copyright 2019, 2020 Peter Dimov
 
 Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
 
@@ -11,6 +11,17 @@ http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
 # Revision History
 :idprefix: changelog_
 
+## Changes in 1.74.0
+
+* Improve compilation performance for many (hundreds of) alternatives.
+
+## Changes in 1.73.0
+
+* Added support for `std::hash`, `boost::hash`.
+* `variant<T...>` is now trivial when all types in `T...` are trivial.
+  This improves performance by enabling it to be passed to, and returned
+  from, functions in registers.
+
 ## Changes in 1.71.0
 
 After the Boost formal review, the implementation has been

doc/variant2/design.adoc

@@ -169,8 +169,6 @@ The main differences between this implementation and `std::variant` are:
   `variant<int, float>` is provided as the member function `subset<U...>`.
   (This operation can throw if the current state of the variant cannot be
   represented.)
-* `variant<T...>` is not (yet) trivial when all contained types are trivial,
-   as mandated by {cpp}17.
 * The {cpp}20 additions and changes to `std::variant` have not yet been
   implemented.
 

doc/variant2/implementation.adoc

@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@ This implementation only depends on Boost.Config and Boost.Mp11.
 * Clang 3.5 or later with `-std=c++11` or above
 * Visual Studio 2015, 2017, 2019
 
-Tested on https://travis-ci.org/pdimov/variant2/[Travis] and
-https://ci.appveyor.com/project/pdimov/variant2/[Appveyor].
+Tested on https://travis-ci.org/boostorg/variant2/[Travis] and
+https://ci.appveyor.com/project/pdimov/variant2-fkab9[Appveyor].

include/boost/variant2/variant.hpp

@@ -18,12 +18,14 @@
 #endif
 #include <boost/config.hpp>
 #include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
+#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <exception>
 #include <cassert>
 #include <initializer_list>
 #include <utility>
+#include <functional> // std::hash
 
 //
 
@@ -547,6 +549,88 @@ template<class T1, class... T> union variant_storage_impl<mp11::mp_false, T1, T.
     template<std::size_t I> constexpr mp11::mp_at_c<mp11::mp_list<T...>, I-1> const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<I> ) const noexcept { return rest_.get( mp11::mp_size_t<I-1>() ); }
 };
 
+template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7, class T8, class T9, class... T> union variant_storage_impl<mp11::mp_false, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T...>
+{
+    T0 t0_;
+    T1 t1_;
+    T2 t2_;
+    T3 t3_;
+    T4 t4_;
+    T5 t5_;
+    T6 t6_;
+    T7 t7_;
+    T8 t8_;
+    T9 t9_;
+
+    variant_storage<T...> rest_;
+
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<0>, A&&... a ): t0_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<1>, A&&... a ): t1_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<2>, A&&... a ): t2_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<3>, A&&... a ): t3_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<4>, A&&... a ): t4_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<5>, A&&... a ): t5_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<6>, A&&... a ): t6_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<7>, A&&... a ): t7_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<8>, A&&... a ): t8_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<9>, A&&... a ): t9_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+
+    template<std::size_t I, class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<I>, A&&... a ): rest_( mp11::mp_size_t<I-10>(), std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+
+    ~variant_storage_impl()
+    {
+    }
+
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<0>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t0_ ) T0( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<1>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t1_ ) T1( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<2>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t2_ ) T2( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<3>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t3_ ) T3( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<4>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t4_ ) T4( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<5>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t5_ ) T5( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<6>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t6_ ) T6( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<7>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t7_ ) T7( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<8>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t8_ ) T8( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<9>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t9_ ) T9( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+
+    template<std::size_t I, class... A> void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<I>, A&&... a )
+    {
+        rest_.emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<I-10>(), std::forward<A>(a)... );
+    }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T0& get( mp11::mp_size_t<0> ) noexcept { return t0_; }
+    constexpr T0 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<0> ) const noexcept { return t0_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T1& get( mp11::mp_size_t<1> ) noexcept { return t1_; }
+    constexpr T1 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<1> ) const noexcept { return t1_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T2& get( mp11::mp_size_t<2> ) noexcept { return t2_; }
+    constexpr T2 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<2> ) const noexcept { return t2_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T3& get( mp11::mp_size_t<3> ) noexcept { return t3_; }
+    constexpr T3 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<3> ) const noexcept { return t3_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T4& get( mp11::mp_size_t<4> ) noexcept { return t4_; }
+    constexpr T4 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<4> ) const noexcept { return t4_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T5& get( mp11::mp_size_t<5> ) noexcept { return t5_; }
+    constexpr T5 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<5> ) const noexcept { return t5_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T6& get( mp11::mp_size_t<6> ) noexcept { return t6_; }
+    constexpr T6 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<6> ) const noexcept { return t6_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T7& get( mp11::mp_size_t<7> ) noexcept { return t7_; }
+    constexpr T7 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<7> ) const noexcept { return t7_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T8& get( mp11::mp_size_t<8> ) noexcept { return t8_; }
+    constexpr T8 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<8> ) const noexcept { return t8_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T9& get( mp11::mp_size_t<9> ) noexcept { return t9_; }
+    constexpr T9 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<9> ) const noexcept { return t9_; }
+
+    template<std::size_t I> BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR mp11::mp_at_c<mp11::mp_list<T...>, I-10>& get( mp11::mp_size_t<I> ) noexcept { return rest_.get( mp11::mp_size_t<I-10>() ); }
+    template<std::size_t I> constexpr mp11::mp_at_c<mp11::mp_list<T...>, I-10> const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<I> ) const noexcept { return rest_.get( mp11::mp_size_t<I-10>() ); }
+};
+
 // all trivially destructible
 template<class T1, class... T> union variant_storage_impl<mp11::mp_true, T1, T...>
 {
@@ -588,6 +672,105 @@ template<class T1, class... T> union variant_storage_impl<mp11::mp_true, T1, T..
     template<std::size_t I> constexpr mp11::mp_at_c<mp11::mp_list<T...>, I-1> const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<I> ) const noexcept { return rest_.get( mp11::mp_size_t<I-1>() ); }
 };
 
+template<class T0, class T1, class T2, class T3, class T4, class T5, class T6, class T7, class T8, class T9, class... T> union variant_storage_impl<mp11::mp_true, T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T...>
+{
+    T0 t0_;
+    T1 t1_;
+    T2 t2_;
+    T3 t3_;
+    T4 t4_;
+    T5 t5_;
+    T6 t6_;
+    T7 t7_;
+    T8 t8_;
+    T9 t9_;
+
+    variant_storage<T...> rest_;
+
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<0>, A&&... a ): t0_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<1>, A&&... a ): t1_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<2>, A&&... a ): t2_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<3>, A&&... a ): t3_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<4>, A&&... a ): t4_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<5>, A&&... a ): t5_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<6>, A&&... a ): t6_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<7>, A&&... a ): t7_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<8>, A&&... a ): t8_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+    template<class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<9>, A&&... a ): t9_( std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+
+    template<std::size_t I, class... A> constexpr explicit variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<I>, A&&... a ): rest_( mp11::mp_size_t<I-10>(), std::forward<A>(a)... ) {}
+
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<0>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t0_ ) T0( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<1>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t1_ ) T1( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<2>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t2_ ) T2( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<3>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t3_ ) T3( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<4>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t4_ ) T4( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<5>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t5_ ) T5( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<6>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t6_ ) T6( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<7>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t7_ ) T7( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<8>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t8_ ) T8( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+    template<class... A> void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<9>, A&&... a ) { ::new( &t9_ ) T9( std::forward<A>(a)... ); }
+
+    template<std::size_t I, class... A> BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_false, mp11::mp_size_t<I>, A&&... a )
+    {
+        rest_.emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<I-10>(), std::forward<A>(a)... );
+    }
+
+    template<std::size_t I, class... A> BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void emplace_impl( mp11::mp_true, mp11::mp_size_t<I>, A&&... a )
+    {
+        *this = variant_storage_impl( mp11::mp_size_t<I>(), std::forward<A>(a)... );
+    }
+
+    template<std::size_t I, class... A> BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR void emplace( mp11::mp_size_t<I>, A&&... a )
+    {
+        this->emplace_impl( mp11::mp_all<
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T0>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T1>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T2>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T3>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T4>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T5>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T6>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T7>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T8>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T9>,
+            detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T>...>(), mp11::mp_size_t<I>(), std::forward<A>(a)... );
+    }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T0& get( mp11::mp_size_t<0> ) noexcept { return t0_; }
+    constexpr T0 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<0> ) const noexcept { return t0_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T1& get( mp11::mp_size_t<1> ) noexcept { return t1_; }
+    constexpr T1 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<1> ) const noexcept { return t1_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T2& get( mp11::mp_size_t<2> ) noexcept { return t2_; }
+    constexpr T2 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<2> ) const noexcept { return t2_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T3& get( mp11::mp_size_t<3> ) noexcept { return t3_; }
+    constexpr T3 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<3> ) const noexcept { return t3_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T4& get( mp11::mp_size_t<4> ) noexcept { return t4_; }
+    constexpr T4 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<4> ) const noexcept { return t4_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T5& get( mp11::mp_size_t<5> ) noexcept { return t5_; }
+    constexpr T5 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<5> ) const noexcept { return t5_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T6& get( mp11::mp_size_t<6> ) noexcept { return t6_; }
+    constexpr T6 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<6> ) const noexcept { return t6_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T7& get( mp11::mp_size_t<7> ) noexcept { return t7_; }
+    constexpr T7 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<7> ) const noexcept { return t7_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T8& get( mp11::mp_size_t<8> ) noexcept { return t8_; }
+    constexpr T8 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<8> ) const noexcept { return t8_; }
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T9& get( mp11::mp_size_t<9> ) noexcept { return t9_; }
+    constexpr T9 const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<9> ) const noexcept { return t9_; }
+
+    template<std::size_t I> BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR mp11::mp_at_c<mp11::mp_list<T...>, I-10>& get( mp11::mp_size_t<I> ) noexcept { return rest_.get( mp11::mp_size_t<I-10>() ); }
+    template<std::size_t I> constexpr mp11::mp_at_c<mp11::mp_list<T...>, I-10> const& get( mp11::mp_size_t<I> ) const noexcept { return rest_.get( mp11::mp_size_t<I-10>() ); }
+};
+
 // resolve_overload_*
 
 template<class... T> struct overload;
@@ -1050,20 +1233,317 @@ template<class T> struct is_nothrow_swappable: mp11::mp_valid<det2::is_nothrow_s
 
 #endif
 
+// variant_cc_base
+
+template<bool CopyConstructible, bool TriviallyCopyConstructible, class... T> struct variant_cc_base_impl;
+
+template<class... T> using variant_cc_base = variant_cc_base_impl<
+    mp11::mp_all<std::is_copy_constructible<T>...>::value,
+    mp11::mp_all<detail::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T>...>::value,
+    T...>;
+
+template<class... T> struct variant_cc_base_impl<true, true, T...>: public variant_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+    variant_cc_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_cc_base_impl( variant_cc_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_cc_base_impl( variant_cc_base_impl && ) = default;
+    variant_cc_base_impl& operator=( variant_cc_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_cc_base_impl& operator=( variant_cc_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+template<bool B, class... T> struct variant_cc_base_impl<false, B, T...>: public variant_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+    variant_cc_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_cc_base_impl( variant_cc_base_impl const& ) = delete;
+    variant_cc_base_impl( variant_cc_base_impl && ) = default;
+    variant_cc_base_impl& operator=( variant_cc_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_cc_base_impl& operator=( variant_cc_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+template<class... T> struct variant_cc_base_impl<true, false, T...>: public variant_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+public:
+
+    // constructors
+
+    variant_cc_base_impl() = default;
+
+    // copy constructor
+
+private:
+
+    struct L1
+    {
+        variant_base * this_;
+        variant_base const & r;
+
+        template<class I> void operator()( I i ) const
+        {
+            this_->_replace( i, r._get_impl( i ) );
+        }
+    };
+
+public:
+
+    variant_cc_base_impl( variant_cc_base_impl const& r )
+        noexcept( mp11::mp_all<std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<T>...>::value )
+        : variant_base()
+    {
+        mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( r.index(), L1{ this, r } );
+    }
+
+    // move constructor
+
+    variant_cc_base_impl( variant_cc_base_impl && ) = default;
+
+    // assignment
+
+    variant_cc_base_impl& operator=( variant_cc_base_impl const & ) = default;
+    variant_cc_base_impl& operator=( variant_cc_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+// variant_ca_base
+
+template<bool CopyAssignable, bool TriviallyCopyAssignable, class... T> struct variant_ca_base_impl;
+
+template<class... T> using variant_ca_base = variant_ca_base_impl<
+    mp11::mp_all<std::is_copy_constructible<T>..., std::is_copy_assignable<T>...>::value,
+    mp11::mp_all<std::is_trivially_destructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>...>::value,
+    T...>;
+
+template<class... T> struct variant_ca_base_impl<true, true, T...>: public variant_cc_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_cc_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+    variant_ca_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl( variant_ca_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl( variant_ca_base_impl && ) = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl& operator=( variant_ca_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl& operator=( variant_ca_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+template<bool B, class... T> struct variant_ca_base_impl<false, B, T...>: public variant_cc_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_cc_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+    variant_ca_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl( variant_ca_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl( variant_ca_base_impl && ) = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl& operator=( variant_ca_base_impl const& ) = delete;
+    variant_ca_base_impl& operator=( variant_ca_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+template<class... T> struct variant_ca_base_impl<true, false, T...>: public variant_cc_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_cc_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+public:
+
+    // constructors
+
+    variant_ca_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl( variant_ca_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ca_base_impl( variant_ca_base_impl && ) = default;
+
+    // copy assignment
+
+private:
+
+    struct L3
+    {
+        variant_base * this_;
+        variant_base const & r;
+
+        template<class I> void operator()( I i ) const
+        {
+            this_->template emplace<I::value>( r._get_impl( i ) );
+        }
+    };
+
+public:
+
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR variant_ca_base_impl& operator=( variant_ca_base_impl const & r )
+        noexcept( mp11::mp_all<std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<T>...>::value )
+    {
+        mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( r.index(), L3{ this, r } );
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    // move assignment
+
+    variant_ca_base_impl& operator=( variant_ca_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+// variant_mc_base
+
+template<bool MoveConstructible, bool TriviallyMoveConstructible, class... T> struct variant_mc_base_impl;
+
+template<class... T> using variant_mc_base = variant_mc_base_impl<
+    mp11::mp_all<std::is_move_constructible<T>...>::value,
+    mp11::mp_all<detail::is_trivially_move_constructible<T>...>::value,
+    T...>;
+
+template<class... T> struct variant_mc_base_impl<true, true, T...>: public variant_ca_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_ca_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+    variant_mc_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl( variant_mc_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl( variant_mc_base_impl && ) = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl& operator=( variant_mc_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl& operator=( variant_mc_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+template<bool B, class... T> struct variant_mc_base_impl<false, B, T...>: public variant_ca_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_ca_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+    variant_mc_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl( variant_mc_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl( variant_mc_base_impl && ) = delete;
+    variant_mc_base_impl& operator=( variant_mc_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl& operator=( variant_mc_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+template<class... T> struct variant_mc_base_impl<true, false, T...>: public variant_ca_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_ca_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+public:
+
+    // constructors
+
+    variant_mc_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl( variant_mc_base_impl const& ) = default;
+
+    // move constructor
+
+private:
+
+    struct L2
+    {
+        variant_base * this_;
+        variant_base & r;
+
+        template<class I> void operator()( I i ) const
+        {
+            this_->_replace( i, std::move( r._get_impl( i ) ) );
+        }
+    };
+
+public:
+
+    variant_mc_base_impl( variant_mc_base_impl && r )
+        noexcept( mp11::mp_all<std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<T>...>::value )
+    {
+        mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( r.index(), L2{ this, r } );
+    }
+
+    // assignment
+
+    variant_mc_base_impl& operator=( variant_mc_base_impl const & ) = default;
+    variant_mc_base_impl& operator=( variant_mc_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+// variant_ma_base
+
+template<bool MoveAssignable, bool TriviallyMoveAssignable, class... T> struct variant_ma_base_impl;
+
+template<class... T> using variant_ma_base = variant_ma_base_impl<
+    mp11::mp_all<std::is_move_constructible<T>..., std::is_move_assignable<T>...>::value,
+    mp11::mp_all<std::is_trivially_destructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_move_constructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T>...>::value,
+    T...>;
+
+template<class... T> struct variant_ma_base_impl<true, true, T...>: public variant_mc_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_mc_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+    variant_ma_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl( variant_ma_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl( variant_ma_base_impl && ) = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl& operator=( variant_ma_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl& operator=( variant_ma_base_impl && ) = default;
+};
+
+template<bool B, class... T> struct variant_ma_base_impl<false, B, T...>: public variant_mc_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_mc_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+    variant_ma_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl( variant_ma_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl( variant_ma_base_impl && ) = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl& operator=( variant_ma_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl& operator=( variant_ma_base_impl && ) = delete;
+};
+
+template<class... T> struct variant_ma_base_impl<true, false, T...>: public variant_mc_base<T...>
+{
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_mc_base<T...>;
+    using variant_base::variant_base;
+
+public:
+
+    // constructors
+
+    variant_ma_base_impl() = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl( variant_ma_base_impl const& ) = default;
+    variant_ma_base_impl( variant_ma_base_impl && ) = default;
+
+    // copy assignment
+
+    variant_ma_base_impl& operator=( variant_ma_base_impl const & ) = default;
+
+    // move assignment
+
+private:
+
+    struct L4
+    {
+        variant_base * this_;
+        variant_base & r;
+
+        template<class I> void operator()( I i ) const
+        {
+            this_->template emplace<I::value>( std::move( r._get_impl( i ) ) );
+        }
+    };
+
+public:
+
+    variant_ma_base_impl& operator=( variant_ma_base_impl && r )
+        noexcept( mp11::mp_all<std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<T>...>::value )
+    {
+        mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( r.index(), L4{ this, r } );
+        return *this;
+    }
+};
+
 } // namespace detail
 
 // variant
 
-template<class... T> class variant: private detail::variant_base<T...>
+template<class... T> class variant: private detail::variant_ma_base<T...>
 {
 private:
 
-    using variant_base = detail::variant_base<T...>;
-
-private:
-
-    variant( variant const volatile& r ) = delete;
-    variant& operator=( variant const volatile& r ) = delete;
+    using variant_base = detail::variant_ma_base<T...>;
 
 public:
 
@@ -1076,71 +1556,8 @@ public:
     {
     }
 
-    template<class E1 = void,
-        class E2 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_all<detail::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T>...>, E1>
-    >
-    constexpr variant( variant const& r ) noexcept
-        : variant_base( static_cast<variant_base const&>(r) )
-    {
-    }
-
-private:
-
-    struct L1
-    {
-        variant_base * this_;
-        variant const & r;
-
-        template<class I> void operator()( I i ) const
-        {
-            this_->_replace( i, r._get_impl( i ) );
-        }
-    };
-
-public:
-
-    template<class E1 = void,
-        class E2 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_not<mp11::mp_all<detail::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T>...>>, E1>,
-        class E3 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_all<std::is_copy_constructible<T>...>, E1>
-    >
-    variant( variant const& r )
-        noexcept( mp11::mp_all<std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<T>...>::value )
-    {
-        mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( r.index(), L1{ this, r } );
-    }
-
-    template<class E1 = void,
-        class E2 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_all<detail::is_trivially_move_constructible<T>...>, E1>
-    >
-    constexpr variant( variant && r ) noexcept
-        : variant_base( static_cast<variant_base&&>(r) )
-    {
-    }
-
-private:
-
-    struct L2
-    {
-        variant_base * this_;
-        variant & r;
-
-        template<class I> void operator()( I i ) const
-        {
-            this_->_replace( i, std::move( r._get_impl( i ) ) );
-        }
-    };
-
-public:
-
-    template<class E1 = void,
-        class E2 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_not<mp11::mp_all<detail::is_trivially_move_constructible<T>...>>, E1>,
-        class E3 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_all<std::is_move_constructible<T>...>, E1>
-    >
-    variant( variant && r )
-        noexcept( mp11::mp_all<std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<T>...>::value )
-    {
-        mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( r.index(), L2{ this, r } );
-    }
+    // variant( variant const& ) = default;
+    // variant( variant && ) = default;
 
     template<class U,
         class Ud = typename std::decay<U>::type,
@@ -1175,75 +1592,9 @@ public:
     }
 
     // assignment
-    template<class E1 = void,
-        class E2 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_all<std::is_trivially_destructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>...>, E1>
-    >
-    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR variant& operator=( variant const & r ) noexcept
-    {
-        static_cast<variant_base&>( *this ) = static_cast<variant_base const&>( r );
-        return *this;
-    }
 
-private:
-
-    struct L3
-    {
-        variant * this_;
-        variant const & r;
-
-        template<class I> void operator()( I i ) const
-        {
-            this_->variant_base::template emplace<I::value>( r._get_impl( i ) );
-        }
-    };
-
-public:
-
-    template<class E1 = void,
-        class E2 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_not<mp11::mp_all<std::is_trivially_destructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_copy_constructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_copy_assignable<T>...>>, E1>,
-        class E3 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_all<std::is_copy_constructible<T>..., std::is_copy_assignable<T>...>, E1>
-    >
-    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR variant& operator=( variant const & r )
-        noexcept( mp11::mp_all<std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<T>...>::value )
-    {
-        mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( r.index(), L3{ this, r } );
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template<class E1 = void,
-        class E2 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_all<std::is_trivially_destructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_move_constructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T>...>, E1>
-    >
-    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR variant& operator=( variant && r ) noexcept
-    {
-        static_cast<variant_base&>( *this ) = static_cast<variant_base&&>( r );
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-private:
-
-    struct L4
-    {
-        variant * this_;
-        variant & r;
-
-        template<class I> void operator()( I i ) const
-        {
-            this_->variant_base::template emplace<I::value>( std::move( r._get_impl( i ) ) );
-        }
-    };
-
-public:
-
-    template<class E1 = void,
-        class E2 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_not<mp11::mp_all<std::is_trivially_destructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_move_constructible<T>..., detail::is_trivially_move_assignable<T>...>>, E1>,
-        class E3 = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_all<std::is_move_constructible<T>..., std::is_move_assignable<T>...>, E1>
-    >
-    variant& operator=( variant && r )
-        noexcept( mp11::mp_all<std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<T>...>::value )
-    {
-        mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( r.index(), L4{ this, r } );
-        return *this;
-    }
+    // variant& operator=( variant const& ) = default;
+    // variant& operator=( variant && ) = default;
 
     template<class U,
         class E1 = typename std::enable_if<!std::is_same<typename std::decay<U>::type, variant>::value>::type,
@@ -1598,6 +1949,25 @@ namespace detail
 
 template<class T> using remove_cv_ref_t = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type;
 
+template<class... T> variant<T...> const & extract_variant_base_( variant<T...> const & );
+
+#if BOOST_WORKAROUND( BOOST_MSVC, < 1930 )
+
+template<class V> struct extract_vbase_impl
+{
+    using type = decltype( extract_variant_base_( std::declval<V>() ) );
+};
+
+template<class V> using extract_variant_base = remove_cv_ref_t< typename extract_vbase_impl<V>::type >;
+
+#else
+
+template<class V> using extract_variant_base = remove_cv_ref_t< decltype( extract_variant_base_( std::declval<V>() ) ) >;
+
+#endif
+
+template<class V> using variant_base_size = variant_size< extract_variant_base<V> >;
+
 template<class T, class U> struct copy_cv_ref
 {
     using type = T;
@@ -1637,7 +2007,7 @@ template<class F> struct Qret
 
 template<class L> using front_if_same = mp11::mp_if<mp11::mp_apply<mp11::mp_same, L>, mp11::mp_front<L>>;
 
-template<class V> using apply_cv_ref = mp11::mp_product<copy_cv_ref_t, remove_cv_ref_t<V>, mp11::mp_list<V>>;
+template<class V> using apply_cv_ref = mp11::mp_product<copy_cv_ref_t, extract_variant_base<V>, mp11::mp_list<V>>;
 
 template<class F, class... V> using Vret = front_if_same<mp11::mp_product_q<Qret<F>, apply_cv_ref<V>...>>;
 
@@ -1666,7 +2036,7 @@ template<class F, class V1> struct visit_L1
 
 template<class F, class V1> constexpr auto visit( F&& f, V1&& v1 ) -> detail::Vret<F, V1>
 {
-    return mp11::mp_with_index<variant_size<V1>>( v1.index(), detail::visit_L1<F, V1>{ std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<V1>(v1) } );
+    return mp11::mp_with_index<detail::variant_base_size<V1>>( v1.index(), detail::visit_L1<F, V1>{ std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<V1>(v1) } );
 }
 
 #if defined(BOOST_NO_CXX14_GENERIC_LAMBDAS) || BOOST_WORKAROUND( BOOST_MSVC, < 1920 )
@@ -1708,7 +2078,7 @@ template<class F, class V1, class V2> struct visit_L2
 
 template<class F, class V1, class V2> constexpr auto visit( F&& f, V1&& v1, V2&& v2 ) -> detail::Vret<F, V1, V2>
 {
-    return mp11::mp_with_index<variant_size<V1>>( v1.index(), detail::visit_L2<F, V1, V2>{ std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<V1>(v1), std::forward<V2>(v2) } );
+    return mp11::mp_with_index<detail::variant_base_size<V1>>( v1.index(), detail::visit_L2<F, V1, V2>{ std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<V1>(v1), std::forward<V2>(v2) } );
 }
 
 namespace detail
@@ -1733,7 +2103,7 @@ template<class F, class V1, class V2, class V3> struct visit_L3
 
 template<class F, class V1, class V2, class V3> constexpr auto visit( F&& f, V1&& v1, V2&& v2, V3&& v3 ) -> detail::Vret<F, V1, V2, V3>
 {
-    return mp11::mp_with_index<variant_size<V1>>( v1.index(), detail::visit_L3<F, V1, V2, V3>{ std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<V1>(v1), std::forward<V2>(v2), std::forward<V3>(v3) } );
+    return mp11::mp_with_index<detail::variant_base_size<V1>>( v1.index(), detail::visit_L3<F, V1, V2, V3>{ std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<V1>(v1), std::forward<V2>(v2), std::forward<V3>(v3) } );
 }
 
 namespace detail
@@ -1759,14 +2129,14 @@ template<class F, class V1, class V2, class V3, class V4> struct visit_L4
 
 template<class F, class V1, class V2, class V3, class V4> constexpr auto visit( F&& f, V1&& v1, V2&& v2, V3&& v3, V4&& v4 ) -> detail::Vret<F, V1, V2, V3, V4>
 {
-    return mp11::mp_with_index<variant_size<V1>>( v1.index(), detail::visit_L4<F, V1, V2, V3, V4>{ std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<V1>(v1), std::forward<V2>(v2), std::forward<V3>(v3), std::forward<V4>(v4) } );
+    return mp11::mp_with_index<detail::variant_base_size<V1>>( v1.index(), detail::visit_L4<F, V1, V2, V3, V4>{ std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<V1>(v1), std::forward<V2>(v2), std::forward<V3>(v3), std::forward<V4>(v4) } );
 }
 
 #else
 
 template<class F, class V1, class V2, class... V> constexpr auto visit( F&& f, V1&& v1, V2&& v2, V&&... v ) -> detail::Vret<F, V1, V2, V...>
 {
-    return mp11::mp_with_index<variant_size<V1>>( v1.index(), [&]( auto I ){
+    return mp11::mp_with_index<detail::variant_base_size<V1>>( v1.index(), [&]( auto I ){
 
         auto f2 = [&]( auto&&... a ){ return std::forward<F>(f)( detail::unsafe_get<I.value>( std::forward<V1>(v1) ), std::forward<decltype(a)>(a)... ); };
         return visit( f2, std::forward<V2>(v2), std::forward<V>(v)... );
@@ -1785,9 +2155,92 @@ void swap( variant<T...> & v, variant<T...> & w )
     v.swap( w );
 }
 
+// hashing support
+
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<class V> struct hash_value_L
+{
+    V const & v;
+
+    template<class I> std::size_t operator()( I ) const
+    {
+        boost::ulong_long_type hv = ( boost::ulong_long_type( 0xCBF29CE4 ) << 32 ) + 0x84222325;
+        boost::ulong_long_type const prime = ( boost::ulong_long_type( 0x00000100 ) << 32 ) + 0x000001B3;
+
+        // index
+
+        hv ^= I::value;
+        hv *= prime;
+
+        // value
+
+        auto const & t = unsafe_get<I::value>( v );
+
+        hv ^= std::hash<remove_cv_ref_t<decltype(t)>>()( t );
+        hv *= prime;
+
+        return static_cast<std::size_t>( hv );
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+inline std::size_t hash_value( monostate const & )
+{
+    return 0xA7EE4757u;
+}
+
+template<class... T> std::size_t hash_value( variant<T...> const & v )
+{
+    return mp11::mp_with_index<sizeof...(T)>( v.index(), detail::hash_value_L< variant<T...> >{ v } );
+}
+
+namespace detail
+{
+
+template<class T> using is_hash_enabled = std::is_default_constructible< std::hash<typename std::remove_const<T>::type> >;
+
+template<class V, bool E = mp11::mp_all_of<V, is_hash_enabled>::value> struct std_hash_impl;
+
+template<class V> struct std_hash_impl<V, false>
+{
+    std_hash_impl() = delete;
+    std_hash_impl( std_hash_impl const& ) = delete;
+    std_hash_impl& operator=( std_hash_impl const& ) = delete;
+};
+
+template<class V> struct std_hash_impl<V, true>
+{
+    std::size_t operator()( V const & v ) const
+    {
+        return hash_value( v );
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
 } // namespace variant2
 } // namespace boost
 
+namespace std
+{
+
+template<class... T> struct hash< ::boost::variant2::variant<T...> >: public ::boost::variant2::detail::std_hash_impl< ::boost::variant2::variant<T...> >
+{
+};
+
+template<> struct hash< ::boost::variant2::monostate >
+{
+    std::size_t operator()( ::boost::variant2::monostate const & v ) const
+    {
+        return hash_value( v );
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace std
+
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
 # pragma warning( pop )
 #endif

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Copyright 2018, 2019 Peter Dimov
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+# See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+include(BoostTestJamfile OPTIONAL RESULT_VARIABLE HAVE_BOOST_TEST)
+
+if(HAVE_BOOST_TEST)
+
+boost_test_jamfile(FILE Jamfile LINK_LIBRARIES Boost::variant2 Boost::core Boost::container_hash)
+
+endif()

test/Jamfile

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import ../../config/checks/config : requires ;
 project
   : default-build
 
-    <warnings>all
+    <warnings>extra
 
   : requirements
 
@@ -23,20 +23,22 @@ project
     <toolset>clang:<warnings-as-errors>on
   ;
 
+run quick.cpp ;
+
 run variant_size.cpp ;
 run variant_alternative.cpp ;
 
 run variant_holds_alternative.cpp ;
-compile variant_holds_alternative_cx.cpp ;
+compile variant_holds_alternative_cx.cpp : <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no ;
 
 run variant_get_by_index.cpp ;
-compile variant_get_by_index_cx.cpp ;
+compile variant_get_by_index_cx.cpp : <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no ;
 
 run variant_get_by_type.cpp ;
-compile variant_get_by_type_cx.cpp ;
+compile variant_get_by_type_cx.cpp : <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no ;
 
 run variant_default_construct.cpp ;
-compile variant_default_construct_cx.cpp ;
+compile variant_default_construct_cx.cpp : <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no ;
 
 run variant_copy_construct.cpp ;
 compile variant_copy_construct_cx.cpp : <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no ;
@@ -45,13 +47,13 @@ run variant_move_construct.cpp ;
 compile variant_move_construct_cx.cpp : [ requires cxx14_constexpr ] ;
 
 run variant_value_construct.cpp ;
-compile variant_value_construct_cx.cpp ;
+compile variant_value_construct_cx.cpp : <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no ;
 
 run variant_in_place_index_construct.cpp ;
-compile variant_in_place_index_construct_cx.cpp ;
+compile variant_in_place_index_construct_cx.cpp : <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no ;
 
 run variant_in_place_type_construct.cpp ;
-compile variant_in_place_type_construct_cx.cpp ;
+compile variant_in_place_type_construct_cx.cpp : <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no ;
 
 run variant_copy_assign.cpp ;
 compile variant_copy_assign_cx.cpp : [ requires cxx14_constexpr ] ;
@@ -97,9 +99,18 @@ local NX =
     ;
 
 run variant_get_by_index.cpp throw_exception.cpp : : : $(NX) : variant_get_by_index_nx ;
-compile variant_get_by_index_cx.cpp : $(NX) : variant_get_by_index_cx_nx ;
+compile variant_get_by_index_cx.cpp : $(NX) <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no : variant_get_by_index_cx_nx ;
 
 run variant_get_by_type.cpp throw_exception.cpp : : : $(NX) : variant_get_by_type_nx ;
-compile variant_get_by_type_cx.cpp : $(NX) : variant_get_by_type_cx_nx ;
+compile variant_get_by_type_cx.cpp : $(NX) <toolset>msvc-14.0:<build>no : variant_get_by_type_cx_nx ;
 
 run variant_subset.cpp throw_exception.cpp : : : $(NX) : variant_subset_nx ;
+
+run variant_hash.cpp ;
+
+run variant_trivial.cpp ;
+run variant_special.cpp ;
+
+run variant_visit_derived.cpp ;
+
+run variant_many_types.cpp ;

test/cmake_install_test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Copyright 2018, 2019 Peter Dimov
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+# See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5...3.16)
+
+project(cmake_install_test LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+find_package(boost_variant2 REQUIRED)
+
+add_executable(quick ../quick.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(quick Boost::variant2)
+
+enable_testing()
+add_test(quick quick)
+
+add_custom_target(check COMMAND ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND} --output-on-failure -C $<CONFIG>)

test/cmake_subdir_test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Copyright 2018, 2019 Peter Dimov
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+# See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5...3.16)
+
+project(cmake_subdir_test LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+add_subdirectory(../.. boostorg/variant2)
+add_subdirectory(../../../config boostorg/config)
+add_subdirectory(../../../mp11 boostorg/mp11)
+
+add_executable(quick ../quick.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(quick Boost::variant2)
+
+enable_testing()
+add_test(quick quick)
+
+add_custom_target(check COMMAND ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND} --output-on-failure -C $<CONFIG>)

test/quick.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+
+// Copyright 2019 Peter Dimov.
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+#include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
+
+using namespace boost::variant2;
+
+int main()
+{
+    variant<float, int> v( 2 );
+    return get<1>( v ) == 2? 0: 1;
+}

test/variant_copy_construct.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 #include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
 #include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
 #include <boost/core/lightweight_test_trait.hpp>
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/config/workaround.hpp>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 #include <string>
@@ -48,12 +50,21 @@ struct Y
     Y( Y const& ) = delete;
 };
 
+struct D
+{
+    ~D() {}
+};
+
+inline bool operator==( D, D ) { return true; }
+
 template<class V> static void test( V const & v )
 {
     V v2( v );
 
     BOOST_TEST_EQ( v.index(), v2.index() );
     BOOST_TEST( v == v2 );
+
+    BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_copy_constructible<V>));
 }
 
 int main()
@@ -115,6 +126,12 @@ int main()
         test( v );
     }
 
+#if !BOOST_WORKAROUND( __GNUC__, < 5 )
+
+    test( variant<D>() );
+
+#endif
+
     {
         BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<variant<int>>));
         BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_TRUE((std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<variant<int const>>));

test/variant_get_by_index.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@
 // See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
 // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
 
+#if defined( __clang__ ) && defined( __has_warning )
+# if __has_warning( "-Wdeprecated-volatile" )
+#  pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-volatile"
+# endif
+#endif
+
 #include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
 #include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
 #include <boost/core/lightweight_test_trait.hpp>

test/variant_get_by_type.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@
 // See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
 // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
 
+#if defined( __clang__ ) && defined( __has_warning )
+# if __has_warning( "-Wdeprecated-volatile" )
+#  pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-volatile"
+# endif
+#endif
+
 #include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
 #include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
 #include <boost/core/lightweight_test_trait.hpp>

test/variant_hash.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+
+// Copyright 2020 Peter Dimov.
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma warning( disable: 4244 ) // conversion from int to float, possible loss of data
+#endif
+
+#include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test_trait.hpp>
+#include <boost/container_hash/hash.hpp>
+#include <boost/config/workaround.hpp>
+
+using namespace boost::variant2;
+
+template<template<class...> class Hash, class T1, class T2, class T3> void test()
+{
+    variant<T1, T2, T3> v1( in_place_index_t<0>{} );
+    std::size_t h1 = Hash<decltype(v1)>()( v1 );
+
+    variant<T1, T2, T3> v2( in_place_index_t<1>{} );
+    std::size_t h2 = Hash<decltype(v2)>()( v2 );
+
+    variant<T1, T2, T3> v3( in_place_index_t<2>{} );
+    std::size_t h3 = Hash<decltype(v3)>()( v3 );
+
+    BOOST_TEST_NE( h1, h2 );
+    BOOST_TEST_NE( h1, h3 );
+    BOOST_TEST_NE( h2, h3 );
+}
+
+template<template<class...> class Hash, class T> void test2()
+{
+    variant<T> v1( 0 );
+    std::size_t h1 = Hash<decltype(v1)>()( v1 );
+
+    variant<T> v2( 1 );
+    std::size_t h2 = Hash<decltype(v2)>()( v2 );
+
+    variant<T> v3( 2 );
+    std::size_t h3 = Hash<decltype(v3)>()( v3 );
+
+    BOOST_TEST_NE( h1, h2 );
+    BOOST_TEST_NE( h1, h3 );
+    BOOST_TEST_NE( h2, h3 );
+}
+
+struct X {};
+
+int main()
+{
+    test<std::hash, monostate, monostate, monostate>();
+    test<std::hash, int, int, float>();
+
+    test<boost::hash, monostate, monostate, monostate>();
+    test<boost::hash, int, int, float>();
+
+    test2<std::hash, int>();
+    test2<std::hash, float>();
+
+    test2<boost::hash, int>();
+    test2<boost::hash, float>();
+
+#if !BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC, < 1910) && ( !defined(_LIBCPP_STD_VER) || _LIBCPP_STD_VER > 11 )
+
+    BOOST_TEST_TRAIT_FALSE(( detail::is_hash_enabled<X> ));
+
+#endif
+
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/variant_in_place_index_construct_cx.cpp

@@ -7,11 +7,8 @@
 // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
 
 #include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
-#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
-#include <boost/core/lightweight_test_trait.hpp>
-#include <type_traits>
-#include <utility>
-#include <string>
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/config/workaround.hpp>
 
 using namespace boost::variant2;
 
@@ -108,9 +105,17 @@ int main()
         STATIC_ASSERT( v.index() == 4 );
     }
 
+#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_GCC, >= 100000 && BOOST_GCC < 100200)
+
+    // no idea why this fails on g++ 10
+
+#else
+
     {
         constexpr variant<int, int, float, float, X, X> v( in_place_index_t<5>{}, 0, 0 );
 
         STATIC_ASSERT( v.index() == 5 );
     }
+
+#endif
 }

test/variant_in_place_type_construct_cx.cpp

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
 // http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
 
 #include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/config/workaround.hpp>
 
 using namespace boost::variant2;
 
@@ -100,6 +102,12 @@ int main()
         STATIC_ASSERT( holds_alternative<X>(v) );
     }
 
+#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_GCC, >= 100000 && BOOST_GCC < 100200)
+
+    // no idea why this fails on g++ 10
+
+#else
+
     {
         constexpr variant<int, int, float, float, X> v( in_place_type_t<X>{}, 0, 0 );
 
@@ -107,4 +115,6 @@ int main()
 
         STATIC_ASSERT( holds_alternative<X>(v) );
     }
+
+#endif
 }

test/variant_many_types.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+
+// Copyright 2020 Peter Dimov.
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma warning( disable: 4503 ) // decorated name length exceeded
+#endif
+
+#include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
+#include <boost/mp11.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
+
+using namespace boost::mp11;
+
+template<class I> struct X
+{
+    static int const value = I::value;
+    int v_;
+};
+
+template<class I> int const X<I>::value;
+
+template<class I> struct Y
+{
+    static int const value = I::value;
+    int v_;
+
+    Y() = default;
+    Y( Y const& ) = default;
+
+    explicit Y( int v ): v_( v ) {}
+
+    Y& operator=( Y const& ) noexcept = default;
+
+    Y& operator=( Y&& r ) noexcept
+    {
+        v_ = r.v_;
+        return *this;
+    }
+};
+
+template<class I> int const Y<I>::value;
+
+template<class I> struct Z
+{
+    static int const value = I::value;
+    int v_;
+
+    ~Z() {}
+};
+
+template<class I> int const Z<I>::value;
+
+template<class V> struct F1
+{
+    template<class T> void operator()( T ) const
+    {
+        int const i = T::value;
+
+        T t{ i * 2 };
+
+        using boost::variant2::get;
+
+        {
+            V v( t );
+
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( v.index(), i );
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( get<i>( v ).v_, t.v_ );
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( get<T>( v ).v_, t.v_ );
+        }
+
+        {
+            V const v( t );
+
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( v.index(), i );
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( get<i>( v ).v_, t.v_ );
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( get<T>( v ).v_, t.v_ );
+        }
+
+        {
+            V v;
+
+            v = t;
+
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( v.index(), i );
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( get<i>( v ).v_, t.v_ );
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ( get<T>( v ).v_, t.v_ );
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+template<class V> void test()
+{
+    mp_for_each<V>( F1<V>() );
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    int const N = 32;
+
+    using V = mp_rename<mp_iota_c<N>, boost::variant2::variant>;
+
+    test< mp_transform<X, V> >();
+    test< mp_transform<Y, V> >();
+    test< mp_transform<Z, V> >();
+
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/variant_special.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+// Copyright 2020 Peter Dimov.
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
+# pragma warning(disable: 4503) // decorated name length exceeded
+#endif
+
+#include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test_trait.hpp>
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/config/workaround.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/mp11.hpp>
+using namespace boost::mp11;
+
+//
+
+using namespace boost::variant2;
+
+struct D
+{
+    ~D() noexcept {}
+};
+
+struct CC1
+{
+    CC1( CC1 const& ) {}
+};
+
+struct CC2
+{
+    CC2( CC2 const& ) = delete;
+};
+
+struct MC1
+{
+    MC1( MC1 && ) {}
+};
+
+struct MC2
+{
+    MC2( MC2 && ) = delete;
+};
+
+struct CA1
+{
+    CA1& operator=( CA1 const& ) { return *this; }
+};
+
+struct CA2
+{
+    CA2& operator=( CA2 const& ) = delete;
+};
+
+struct MA1
+{
+    MA1& operator=( MA1 && ) { return *this; }
+};
+
+struct MA2
+{
+    MA2& operator=( MA2 && ) = delete;
+};
+
+struct test
+{
+    template<class... T> void operator()( mp_list<T...> ) const noexcept
+    {
+        using U = mp_inherit<T...>;
+
+#if !BOOST_WORKAROUND( __GNUC__, < 5 )
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_copy_constructible<variant<U>>::value, std::is_copy_constructible<U>::value );
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<variant<U>>::value, std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<U>::value );
+
+#endif
+
+#if !BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC, < 1910)
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_move_constructible<variant<U>>::value, std::is_move_constructible<U>::value );
+
+#else
+
+        BOOST_TEST_GE( std::is_move_constructible<variant<U>>::value, std::is_move_constructible<U>::value );
+
+#endif
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<variant<U>>::value, std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<U>::value );
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_copy_assignable<variant<U>>::value, std::is_copy_constructible<U>::value && std::is_copy_assignable<U>::value );
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_nothrow_copy_assignable<variant<U>>::value, std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<U>::value && std::is_copy_assignable<U>::value );
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_move_assignable<variant<U>>::value, std::is_move_constructible<U>::value && std::is_move_assignable<U>::value );
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<variant<U>>::value, std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<U>::value && std::is_move_assignable<U>::value );
+    }
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+    mp_for_each< mp_power_set< mp_list<D, CC1, CC2, MC1, MC2, CA1, CA2, MA1, MA2> > >( test() );
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/variant_trivial.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+// Copyright 2020 Peter Dimov.
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1910
+# pragma warning(disable: 4503) // decorated name length exceeded
+#endif
+
+#include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test_trait.hpp>
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/config/workaround.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/mp11.hpp>
+using namespace boost::mp11;
+
+//
+
+struct D
+{
+    ~D() noexcept {}
+};
+
+struct CC1
+{
+    CC1( CC1 const& ) noexcept {}
+};
+
+struct CC2
+{
+    CC2( CC2 const& ) = delete;
+};
+
+struct MC1
+{
+    MC1( MC1 && ) noexcept {}
+};
+
+struct MC2
+{
+    MC2( MC2 && ) = delete;
+};
+
+struct CA1
+{
+    CA1& operator=( CA1 const& ) noexcept { return *this; }
+};
+
+struct CA2
+{
+    CA2& operator=( CA2 const& ) = delete;
+};
+
+struct MA1
+{
+    MA1& operator=( MA1 && ) noexcept { return *this; }
+};
+
+struct MA2
+{
+    MA2& operator=( MA2 && ) = delete;
+};
+
+using namespace boost::variant2;
+namespace v2d = boost::variant2::detail;
+
+struct test
+{
+    template<class... T> void operator()( mp_list<T...> ) const noexcept
+    {
+        using U = mp_inherit<T...>;
+
+#if !BOOST_WORKAROUND( __GNUC__, < 5 )
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( v2d::is_trivially_copy_constructible<variant<U>>::value, v2d::is_trivially_copy_constructible<U>::value );
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( v2d::is_trivially_copy_assignable<variant<U>>::value, std::is_trivially_destructible<U>::value && v2d::is_trivially_copy_constructible<U>::value && v2d::is_trivially_copy_assignable<U>::value );
+
+#endif
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( std::is_trivially_destructible<variant<U>>::value, std::is_trivially_destructible<U>::value );
+
+#if !BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_LIBSTDCXX_VERSION, < 50000)
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( v2d::is_trivially_move_constructible<variant<U>>::value, v2d::is_trivially_move_constructible<U>::value );
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( v2d::is_trivially_move_assignable<variant<U>>::value, std::is_trivially_destructible<U>::value && v2d::is_trivially_move_constructible<U>::value && v2d::is_trivially_move_assignable<U>::value );
+
+#endif
+    }
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+    mp_for_each< mp_power_set< mp_list<D, CC1, CC2, MC1, MC2, CA1, CA2, MA1, MA2> > >( test() );
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/variant_visit_derived.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+
+// Copyright 2017, 2020 Peter Dimov.
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+# pragma warning( disable: 4244 ) // conversion from float to int, possible loss of data
+#endif
+
+#include <boost/variant2/variant.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/config/workaround.hpp>
+#include <utility>
+
+struct X: boost::variant2::variant<int, float>
+{
+#if BOOST_WORKAROUND( BOOST_MSVC, < 1930 )
+
+    template<class T> explicit X( T&& t ): variant( std::forward<T>( t ) ) {};
+
+#else
+
+    using variant::variant;
+
+#endif
+};
+
+template<class... T> struct Y: boost::variant2::variant<T...>
+{
+    using boost::variant2::variant<T...>::variant;
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+    {
+        X v1( 1 );
+        X const v2( 3.14f );
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( (visit( []( int x1, float x2 ){ return (int)(x1 * 1000) + (int)(x2 * 100); }, v1, v2 )), 1314 );
+
+        visit( []( int x1, float x2 ){ BOOST_TEST_EQ( x1, 1 ); BOOST_TEST_EQ( x2, 3.14f ); }, v1, v2 );
+        visit( []( int x1, float x2 ){ BOOST_TEST_EQ( x1, 1 ); BOOST_TEST_EQ( x2, 3.14f ); }, std::move(v1), std::move(v2) );
+    }
+
+    {
+        Y<int, float> v1( 1 );
+        Y<int, float> const v2( 3.14f );
+
+        BOOST_TEST_EQ( (visit( []( int x1, float x2 ){ return (int)(x1 * 1000) + (int)(x2 * 100); }, v1, v2 )), 1314 );
+
+        visit( []( int x1, float x2 ){ BOOST_TEST_EQ( x1, 1 ); BOOST_TEST_EQ( x2, 3.14f ); }, v1, v2 );
+        visit( []( int x1, float x2 ){ BOOST_TEST_EQ( x1, 1 ); BOOST_TEST_EQ( x2, 3.14f ); }, std::move(v1), std::move(v2) );
+    }
+
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}