feat: add async overloads of GetManagedObjects() (#480)

This implements three variants of `GetManagedObjectsAsync()` API into the standard `ObjectManager` client interface.

---------

Signed-off-by: Joel Winarske <joel.winarske@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Stanislav Angelovič <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Create a report to help us improve
+title: ''
+labels: ''
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Describe the bug**
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+
+**To Reproduce**
+Steps to reproduce the behavior.
+
+**Expected behavior**
+A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
+
+**Real (buggy) behavior**
+A clear and concise description of what really happened in contrast to your expectation.
+
+**Additional context**
+Add any other context about the problem here, like version of sdbus-c++ library, version of systemd used, OS used.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+name: Feature request
+about: Suggest an idea for this project
+title: ''
+labels: ''
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**
+A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
+
+**Describe the solution you'd like**
+A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+
+**Describe alternatives you've considered**
+A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered.
+
+**Additional context**
+Add any other context or screenshots about the feature request here.

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ master ]
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - master
+      - release/v2.0
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: [ubuntu-22.04, ubuntu-24.04]
+        compiler: [g++, clang]
+        build: [shared-libsystemd, embedded-static-libsystemd]
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - name: install-libsystemd-toolchain
+      if: matrix.build == 'embedded-static-libsystemd'
+      run: |
+        sudo apt-get update -y
+        sudo apt-get install -y meson ninja-build libcap-dev libmount-dev m4 gperf
+    - name: install-libsystemd-dev
+      if: matrix.build == 'shared-libsystemd'
+      run: |
+        sudo apt-get update -y
+        sudo apt-get install -y libsystemd-dev
+    - name: install-clang
+      if: matrix.compiler == 'clang'
+      run: |
+        sudo apt-get install -y clang libc++-dev
+        sudo update-alternatives --remove-all cc
+        sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/cc cc /usr/bin/clang 10
+        sudo update-alternatives --remove-all c++
+        sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/c++ c++ /usr/bin/clang++ 10
+        # We need to use libc++ with Clang because there is a bug in libstdc++ chrono headers that Clang has issues with
+        echo "SDBUSCPP_EXTRA_CXX_FLAGS=-stdlib=libc++" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+# We don't install googletest but we let it be built within sdbus-c++ builds below, since it needs to be built against libc++ for Clang jobs to pass
+#    - name: install-googletest
+#      run: |
+#        sudo apt-get install -y libgmock-dev
+    - name: configure-debug-gcc11 # For gcc 11, turn off the annoying deprecated-copy warning
+      if: matrix.build == 'shared-libsystemd' && matrix.compiler == 'g++' && matrix.os == 'ubuntu-22.04'
+      run: |
+        mkdir build
+        cd build
+        cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O0 -g -W -Wextra -Wall -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wno-deprecated-copy -Werror $SDBUSCPP_EXTRA_CXX_FLAGS" -DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON -DSDBUSCPP_INSTALL=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN=ON -DSDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION=1.14.0 ..
+    - name: configure-debug
+      if: matrix.build == 'shared-libsystemd' && (matrix.compiler != 'g++' || matrix.os != 'ubuntu-22.04')
+      run: |
+        mkdir build
+        cd build
+        cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O0 -g -W -Wextra -Wall -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Werror $SDBUSCPP_EXTRA_CXX_FLAGS" -DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON -DSDBUSCPP_INSTALL=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN=ON -DSDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION=1.14.0 ..
+    - name: configure-release-with-embedded-libsystemd
+      if: matrix.build == 'embedded-static-libsystemd'
+      run: |
+        mkdir build
+        cd build
+        cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="$SDBUSCPP_EXTRA_CXX_FLAGS" -DCMAKE_VERBOSE_MAKEFILE=ON -DSDBUSCPP_INSTALL=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD=ON -DSDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION=252 -DSDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION=1.14.0 ..
+    - name: make
+      run: |
+        cd build
+        cmake --build . -j4
+    - name: verify
+      run: |
+        cd build
+        sudo cmake --build . --target install
+        ctest --output-on-failure
+    - name: pack
+      if: matrix.build == 'shared-libsystemd'
+      run: |
+        cd build
+        cpack -G DEB
+    - name: 'Upload Artifact'
+      if: matrix.build == 'shared-libsystemd' && matrix.compiler == 'g++'
+      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+      with:
+        name: "debian-packages-${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.compiler }}"
+        path: |
+          build/sdbus-c++*.deb
+          build/sdbus-c++*.ddeb
+        retention-days: 10
+  freebsd-build:
+    name: build (freebsd, clang/libc++, basu)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04 # until https://github.com/actions/runner/issues/385
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+    - name: Test in FreeBSD VM
+      uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@v1
+      with:
+        copyback: false
+        usesh: true
+        prepare: |
+          pkg install -y cmake ninja pkgconf basu expat googletest
+        run: |
+          cmake -B _build -G Ninja -DSDBUSCPP_INSTALL=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS=ON -DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS=ON
+          cmake --build _build
+          cmake --install _build
+          pkg install -y dbus
+          service dbus onestart
+          ctest --output-on-failure --test-dir _build

.gitignore

@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ build/
 .deps/
 .dirstamp
 .libs/
-test/libsdbus-c++_unittests
-test/libsdbus-c++_integrationtests
-test/run-test-on-device.sh
+tests/libsdbus-c++_unittests
+tests/libsdbus-c++_integrationtests
+tests/run-test-on-device.sh
 
 #eclipse
 .cproject

AUTHORS

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-The library:
-  Stanislav Angelovic (stanislav.angelovic[at]kistler.com)
+sdbus-c++ library:
+  Stanislav Angelovic (https://github.com/sangelovic)
 
-Stub generator:
-  Lukas Durfina (lukas.durfina[at]kistler.com)
+Code generator:
+  Lukas Durfina (https://github.com/lukasdurfina)
+
+... and other contributors :)

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -2,34 +2,148 @@
 # PROJECT INFORMATION
 #-------------------------------
 
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.8)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
 
-project(sdbus-c++ VERSION 0.5.0 LANGUAGES C CXX)
+project(sdbus-c++ VERSION 2.1.0 LANGUAGES CXX C)
 
 include(GNUInstallDirs) # Installation directories for `install` command and pkgconfig file
 
+# -------------------------------
+# CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
+# -------------------------------
+
+option(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD "Fetch & build libsystemd static library and make it part of libsdbus-c++, instead of searching for it in the system" OFF)
+if(NOT SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD)
+    set(SDBUSCPP_SDBUS_LIB "default" CACHE STRING "sd-bus implementation library to search for and use (default, systemd, elogind, or basu)")
+    set_property(CACHE SDBUSCPP_SDBUS_LIB PROPERTY STRINGS default systemd elogind basu)
+else()
+    set(SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION "252" CACHE STRING "libsystemd version (>=239) to build and incorporate into libsdbus-c++")
+    set(SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_EXTRA_CONFIG_OPTS "" CACHE STRING "Additional configuration options to be passed as-is to libsystemd build system")
+endif()
+option(SDBUSCPP_INSTALL "Enable installation of sdbus-c++ (downstream projects embedding sdbus-c++ may want to turn this OFF)" ON)
+option(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS "Build tests" OFF)
+if (SDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS)
+    option(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS "Build also sdbus-c++ performance tests" OFF)
+    option(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS "Build also sdbus-c++ stress tests" OFF)
+    set(SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH "tests/${PROJECT_NAME}" CACHE STRING "Specifies where the test binaries will be installed")
+    set(SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION 1.14.0 CACHE STRING "Version of gmock library to use")
+    set(SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_GIT_REPO "https://github.com/google/googletest.git" CACHE STRING "A git repo to clone and build googletest from if gmock is not found in the system")
+endif()
+option(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN "Build generator tool for C++ native bindings" OFF)
+option(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_EXAMPLES "Build example programs" OFF)
+option(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOCS "Build documentation for sdbus-c++" ON)
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOCS)
+    option(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOXYGEN_DOCS "Build doxygen documentation for sdbus-c++ API" OFF)
+endif()
+#option(SDBUSCPP_CLANG_TIDY "Co-compile with clang-tidy static analyzer" OFF)
+#option(SDBUSCPP_COVERAGE "Build sdbus-c++ with code coverage instrumentation" OFF)
+# We promote the BUILD_SHARED_LIBS flag to a (global) option only if we are the main project
+if(CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR STREQUAL PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR)
+    option(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build shared libraries (.so) instead of static ones (.a)" ON)
+endif()
+
+message(STATUS "")
+message(STATUS "  *******************************************")
+message(STATUS "  *         SDBUS-C++ CONFIGURATION         *")
+message(STATUS "  *******************************************")
+message(STATUS "")
+message(STATUS "  SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD: ${SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD}")
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD)
+    message(STATUS "    SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION: ${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION}")
+    message(STATUS "    SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_EXTRA_CONFIG_OPTS: ${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_EXTRA_CONFIG_OPTS}")
+endif()
+message(STATUS "  SDBUSCPP_INSTALL: ${SDBUSCPP_INSTALL}")
+message(STATUS "  SDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS: ${SDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS}")
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS)
+    message(STATUS "    SDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS: ${SDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS}")
+    message(STATUS "    SDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS: ${SDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS}")
+    message(STATUS "    SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH: ${SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH}")
+    message(STATUS "    SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION: ${SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION}")
+    message(STATUS "    SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_GIT_REPO: ${SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_GIT_REPO}")
+endif()
+message(STATUS "  SDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN: ${SDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN}")
+message(STATUS "  SDBUSCPP_BUILD_EXAMPLES: ${SDBUSCPP_BUILD_EXAMPLES}")
+message(STATUS "  SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOCS: ${SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOCS}")
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOCS)
+    message(STATUS "    SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOXYGEN_DOCS: ${SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOXYGEN_DOCS}")
+endif()
+message(STATUS "  BUILD_SHARED_LIBS: ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS}")
+message(STATUS "")
+
 #-------------------------------
-# PERFORMING CHECKS
+# PERFORMING CHECKS & PREPARING THE DEPENDENCIES
 #-------------------------------
 
-find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
-pkg_check_modules(SYSTEMD REQUIRED libsystemd>=236)
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD)
+    # Build static libsystemd library as an external project
+    include(cmake/LibsystemdExternalProject.cmake)
+    set(SDBUS_IMPL "systemd")
+    set(SDBUS_LIB "libsystemd")
+else()
+    # Search for sd-bus implementations in the system as per user's configuration
+    set(SDBUS_LIBS ${SDBUSCPP_SDBUS_LIB})
+    if(SDBUSCPP_SDBUS_LIB STREQUAL "default")
+        set(SDBUS_LIBS systemd elogind basu) # This is the default search order
+    endif()
+
+    set(MINIMUM_SDBUS_VERSION 238)
+
+    find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
+    foreach(LIB ${SDBUS_LIBS})
+        if(LIB STREQUAL "systemd")
+            pkg_check_modules(Systemd IMPORTED_TARGET GLOBAL libsystemd>=${MINIMUM_SDBUS_VERSION})
+            if(TARGET PkgConfig::Systemd)
+                set(SDBUS_IMPL "systemd")
+                set(SDBUS_LIB "libsystemd")
+                break()
+            endif()
+        elseif(LIB STREQUAL "elogind")
+            pkg_check_modules(Systemd IMPORTED_TARGET GLOBAL libelogind>=${MINIMUM_SDBUS_VERSION})
+            if(TARGET PkgConfig::Systemd)
+                set(SDBUS_IMPL "elogind")
+                set(SDBUS_LIB "libelogind")
+                string(REPLACE "." ";" VERSION_LIST ${Systemd_VERSION})
+                list(GET VERSION_LIST 0 Systemd_VERSION)
+                break()
+            endif()
+        elseif(LIB STREQUAL "basu")
+            pkg_check_modules(Systemd IMPORTED_TARGET GLOBAL basu)
+            if(TARGET PkgConfig::Systemd)
+                set(SDBUS_IMPL "basu")
+                set(SDBUS_LIB "basu")
+                set(Systemd_VERSION "240") # https://git.sr.ht/~emersion/basu/commit/d4d185d29a26
+                break()
+            endif()
+        else()
+            message(FATAL_ERROR "Unrecognized sd-bus implementation library ${LIB}")
+        endif()
+    endforeach()
+
+    if(NOT TARGET PkgConfig::Systemd)
+        message(FATAL_ERROR "None of ${SDBUS_LIBS} libraries implementing sd-bus was found (Are their dev packages installed?)")
+    endif()
+    add_library(Systemd::Libsystemd ALIAS PkgConfig::Systemd)
+    string(REGEX MATCHALL "([0-9]+)" SYSTEMD_VERSION_LIST "${Systemd_VERSION}")
+    list(GET SYSTEMD_VERSION_LIST 0 SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION)
+    message(STATUS "Building with libsystemd v${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION}")
+endif()
+
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
 
 #-------------------------------
 # SOURCE FILES CONFIGURATION
 #-------------------------------
 
-set(SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src)
+set(SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src)
 set(SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_SUBDIR sdbus-c++)
-set(SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include/${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_SUBDIR})
+set(SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_SUBDIR})
 
 set(SDBUSCPP_CPP_SRCS
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Connection.cpp
-    ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/ConvenienceClasses.cpp
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Error.cpp
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Message.cpp
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Object.cpp
-    ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/ObjectProxy.cpp
+    ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Proxy.cpp
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Types.cpp
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Flags.cpp
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/VTableUtils.c
@@ -39,25 +153,28 @@ set(SDBUSCPP_HDR_SRCS
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Connection.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/IConnection.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/MessageUtils.h
+    ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Utils.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Object.h
-    ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/ObjectProxy.h
+    ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/Proxy.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/ScopeGuard.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/VTableUtils.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/SdBus.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_SOURCE_DIR}/ISdBus.h)
 
 set(SDBUSCPP_PUBLIC_HDRS
-    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/ConvenienceClasses.h
-    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/ConvenienceClasses.inl
+    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/ConvenienceApiClasses.h
+    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/ConvenienceApiClasses.inl
+    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/VTableItems.h
+    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/VTableItems.inl
     ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/Error.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/IConnection.h
-    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/Interfaces.h
-    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/Introspection.h
+    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/AdaptorInterfaces.h
+    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/ProxyInterfaces.h
+    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/StandardInterfaces.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/IObject.h
-    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/IObjectProxy.h
+    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/IProxy.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/Message.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/MethodResult.h
-    ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/MethodResult.inl
     ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/Types.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/TypeTraits.h
     ${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIR}/Flags.h
@@ -69,9 +186,7 @@ set(SDBUSCPP_SRCS ${SDBUSCPP_CPP_SRCS} ${SDBUSCPP_HDR_SRCS} ${SDBUSCPP_PUBLIC_HD
 # GENERAL COMPILER CONFIGURATION
 #-------------------------------
 
-set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
-include_directories("${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
-include_directories("${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src")
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
 
 #----------------------------------
 # LIBRARY BUILD INFORMATION
@@ -80,74 +195,139 @@ include_directories("${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src")
 set(SDBUSCPP_VERSION_MAJOR "${PROJECT_VERSION_MAJOR}")
 set(SDBUSCPP_VERSION "${PROJECT_VERSION}")
 
-# We are building in two steps: first objects, then link them into a library,
-# and that's because we need object files since unit tests link against them.
-add_library(sdbuscppobjects OBJECT ${SDBUSCPP_SRCS})
-target_include_directories(sdbuscppobjects PUBLIC ${SYSTEMD_INCLUDE_DIRS})
-target_compile_definitions(sdbuscppobjects PRIVATE BUILDLIB=1)
-set_target_properties(sdbuscppobjects PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
+# Having an object target allows unit tests to reuse already built sources without re-building
+add_library(sdbus-c++-objlib OBJECT ${SDBUSCPP_SRCS})
+target_compile_definitions(sdbus-c++-objlib PRIVATE
+    BUILD_LIB=1
+    LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION=${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION}
+    SDBUS_${SDBUS_IMPL}
+    SDBUS_HEADER=<${SDBUS_IMPL}/sd-bus.h>)
+target_include_directories(sdbus-c++-objlib PUBLIC $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
+                                                   $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src>)
+if(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
+    set_target_properties(sdbus-c++-objlib PROPERTIES POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON)
+endif()
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD)
+    add_dependencies(sdbus-c++-objlib LibsystemdBuildProject)
+endif()
+target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++-objlib
+        PUBLIC
+            Systemd::Libsystemd
+            Threads::Threads)
 
-add_library(sdbus-c++ SHARED $<TARGET_OBJECTS:sdbuscppobjects>)
+add_library(sdbus-c++)
+target_include_directories(sdbus-c++ PUBLIC $<BUILD_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include>
+                                            $<INSTALL_INTERFACE:${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}>)
 set_target_properties(sdbus-c++
-    PROPERTIES
-    PUBLIC_HEADER "${SDBUSCPP_PUBLIC_HDRS}"
-    VERSION "${SDBUSCPP_VERSION}"
-    SOVERSION "${SDBUSCPP_VERSION_MAJOR}"
-    OUTPUT_NAME "sdbus-c++")
-
-target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++ ${SYSTEMD_LIBRARIES})
-
-#----------------------------------
-# INSTALLATION
-#----------------------------------
-
-install(TARGETS sdbus-c++
-        RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR} COMPONENT libraries
-        LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR} COMPONENT libraries
-        ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR} COMPONENT static_libraries
-        PUBLIC_HEADER DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_SUBDIR} COMPONENT dev)
+                      PROPERTIES PUBLIC_HEADER "${SDBUSCPP_PUBLIC_HDRS}"
+                                 VERSION "${SDBUSCPP_VERSION}"
+                                 SOVERSION "${SDBUSCPP_VERSION_MAJOR}"
+                                 OUTPUT_NAME "sdbus-c++")
+target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++ PRIVATE sdbus-c++-objlib)
 
 #----------------------------------
 # TESTS
 #----------------------------------
 
-option(ENABLE_TESTS "Build and install tests (default ON)" ON)
-
-if(ENABLE_TESTS)
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS)
+    message(STATUS "Building with tests")
     enable_testing()
-    add_subdirectory("${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/test")
+    add_subdirectory("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/tests")
 endif()
 
 #----------------------------------
 # UTILS
 #----------------------------------
 
-option(BUILD_CODE_GEN "Build and install interface stub code generator (default OFF)" OFF)
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN)
+    message(STATUS "Building with code generator tool")
+    add_subdirectory("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/tools")
+endif()
 
-if(BUILD_CODE_GEN)
-    add_subdirectory("${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/stub-generator")
+#----------------------------------
+# EXAMPLES
+#----------------------------------
+
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_EXAMPLES)
+    message(STATUS "Building with examples")
+    add_subdirectory(examples)
 endif()
 
 #----------------------------------
 # DOCUMENTATION
 #----------------------------------
 
-# TODO Build doxygen
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOCS)
+    message(STATUS "Building with documentation")
+    add_subdirectory("${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/docs")
+endif()
 
 #----------------------------------
 # CMAKE CONFIG & PACKAGE CONFIG
 #----------------------------------
 
 include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
-set(SDBUSCPP_CONFIG_INSTALL_DIR ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/sdbus-c++)
 
-configure_file(sdbus-c++-config.cmake.in sdbus-c++-config.cmake @ONLY)
-install(FILES ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/sdbus-c++-config.cmake DESTINATION ${SDBUSCPP_CONFIG_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT dev)
+configure_package_config_file(cmake/sdbus-c++-config.cmake.in cmake/sdbus-c++-config.cmake
+                              INSTALL_DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/sdbus-c++)
+write_basic_package_version_file(cmake/sdbus-c++-config-version.cmake COMPATIBILITY SameMajorVersion)
 
-write_basic_package_version_file(sdbus-c++-config-version.cmake
-        VERSION ${PROJECT_VERSION}
-        COMPATIBILITY AnyNewerVersion)
-install(FILES ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/sdbus-c++-config-version.cmake DESTINATION ${SDBUSCPP_CONFIG_INSTALL_DIR} COMPONENT dev)
+if(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS AND (SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD OR Systemd_LINK_LIBRARIES MATCHES "/libsystemd\.a(;|$)"))
+    set(PKGCONFIG_REQS ".private")
+else()
+    set(PKGCONFIG_REQS "")
+endif()
+set(PKGCONFIG_DEPS ${SDBUS_LIB})
+configure_file(pkgconfig/sdbus-c++.pc.in pkgconfig/sdbus-c++.pc @ONLY)
 
-configure_file(sdbus-c++.pc.in sdbus-c++.pc @ONLY)
-install(FILES ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/sdbus-c++.pc DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/pkgconfig COMPONENT dev)
+#----------------------------------
+# INSTALLATION
+#----------------------------------
+
+if(SDBUSCPP_INSTALL)
+    set(EXPORT_SET sdbus-c++)
+    if(NOT BUILD_SHARED_LIBS)
+        list(APPEND EXPORT_SET "sdbus-c++-objlib")
+    endif()
+    install(TARGETS ${EXPORT_SET}
+            EXPORT sdbus-c++-targets
+            RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-runtime
+            LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-runtime NAMELINK_COMPONENT sdbus-c++-dev
+            ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-dev
+            PUBLIC_HEADER DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}/${SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_SUBDIR} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-dev)
+    install(EXPORT sdbus-c++-targets
+            DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/sdbus-c++
+            NAMESPACE SDBusCpp::
+            COMPONENT sdbus-c++-dev)
+    install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/sdbus-c++-config.cmake
+            ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/cmake/sdbus-c++-config-version.cmake
+            DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/sdbus-c++
+            COMPONENT sdbus-c++-dev)
+    install(FILES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/pkgconfig/sdbus-c++.pc
+            DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/pkgconfig COMPONENT sdbus-c++-dev)
+    if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOCS)
+        install(FILES README README.md NEWS COPYING ChangeLog AUTHORS DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_DOCDIR} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-doc)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+#----------------------------------
+# CPACK
+#----------------------------------
+
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_VENDOR "Kistler")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_DESCRIPTION_SUMMARY "High-level C++ D-Bus library")
+set(CPACK_PACKAGE_CONTACT "info@kistler.com")
+set(CPACK_RESOURCE_FILE_README "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/README.md")
+set(CPACK_COMPONENTS_ALL runtime dev doc)
+set(CPACK_COMPONENT_DEV_DEPENDS "runtime")
+# specific for DEB generator
+set(CPACK_DEB_COMPONENT_INSTALL ON)
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_RUNTIME_DEBUGINFO_PACKAGE ON)
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_RUNTIME_PACKAGE_NAME ${PROJECT_NAME})
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_FILE_NAME DEB-DEFAULT)
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_SECTION "libs")
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_PACKAGE_SHLIBDEPS ON)
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_ENABLE_COMPONENT_DEPENDS ON)
+set(CPACK_DEBIAN_DEV_PACKAGE_DEPENDS "libsystemd-dev (>=${MINIMUM_SDBUS_VERSION})")
+
+include(CPack)

COPYING-LGPL-Exception

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+sdbus-c++ LGPL Exception version 1.0
+
+As an additional permission to the GNU Lesser General Public License version
+2.1, the object code form of a "work that uses the Library" may incorporate
+material from a header file that is part of the Library.  You may distribute
+such object code under terms of your choice, provided that:
+    (i)   the header files of the Library have not been modified; and
+    (ii)  the incorporated material is limited to numerical parameters, data
+          structure layouts, accessors, macros, inline functions and
+          templates; and
+    (iii) you comply with the terms of Section 6 of the GNU Lesser General
+          Public License version 2.1.
+
+Moreover, you may apply this exception to a modified version of the Library,
+provided that such modification does not involve copying material from the
+Library into the modified Library's header files unless such material is
+limited to (i) numerical parameters; (ii) data structure layouts;
+(iii) accessors; and (iv) small macros, templates and inline functions of
+five lines or less in length.
+
+Furthermore, you are not required to apply this additional permission to a
+modified version of the Library.

ChangeLog

@@ -54,7 +54,250 @@ v0.4.3
 
 v0.5.0
 - Redesign of the Connection model for scalability, thread-safety, simplicity and clarity
-- Introduce support asynchronous invocation of D-Bus methods on client-side
+- [[Breaking ABI change]] Introduce support for asynchronous invocation of D-Bus methods on client-side
 - Revise and extend sdbus-c++ tutorial
 - Introduce stress tests that involve a D-Bus server and client interacting in dense communication in both sync and async ways
 - Compilation error fixes for older gcc versions
+
+v0.5.1
+- Cleanups of CMakeLists.txt
+- Rename sdbus-c++ test executables for consistency
+- Rename sdbus-c++ stub code generator executable
+- Introduce generation of doxygen documentation
+- Improve documentation
+
+v0.5.2
+- Simplify and unify basic API level callbacks for both sync and async methods
+
+v0.5.3
+- Extend stress tests with dynamic object and proxy creation and destruction from multiple threads
+- [[Breaking ABI change]] Add getConnection() method to IObject
+- A few minor fixes
+
+v0.6.0
+- This release comes with a number of API and ABI breaking changes (that hopefully lead to a more mature and stable API for near future):
+  - Some constructs have been renamed (see below for details), you'll have to adapt your sources whether you're using the basic or the convenience sdbus-c++ API.
+  - You'll also have to re-generate adaptor/proxy stubs with the new stub code generator if you're using them.
+  - And you'll have to take care of manual registeration/deregistration in the constructors/destructors of your final adaptor and proxy classes. See updated using sdbus-c++ tutorial.
+- Cleaning up some names (of class, methods, files):
+  * ConvenienceClasses.h/.inl/.cpp -> ConvenienceApiClasses.h/.inl/.cpp
+  * IObjectProxy class -> IProxy
+  * Interfaces class -> AdaptorInterfaces
+  * Interfaces.h -> split into AdaptorInterfaces.h and ProxyInterfaces.h
+  * createObjectProxy() method -> createProxy()
+- Add new unregister() virtual function to IObject and IProxy to allow for safe construction and destructions of D-Bus ojects and proxies hooked to live D-Bus connections.
+- Extend stress tests to allow testing safe initialization/deinitialization of objects and proxies
+- Fix gcc warnings
+- Use release v1.8.1 of googletest for tests
+
+v0.7.0
+- [[Breaking ABI change]] Added full support for ObjectManager, Properties and other standard D-Bus interfaces (Reordering virtual functions in interface classes)
+- sdbus-c++ now can automatically download, build and incorporate libsystemd static library, which makes things pretty easy in non-systemd environments
+- Minor changes in generated proxy/adaptor code:
+  * renamed interfaceName to INTERFACE_NAME to avoid potential naming clashes
+  * signal emitting methods now begin with "emit" prefix and capitalized first letter of signal name
+- sdbus-c++ file organization has been adjusted to comply to de-facto OSS project standards
+- Build system improvements -- moving towards more modern CMake
+- Using googletest from master branch instead of v1.8.1 which has THREADS_PTHREAD_ARG issue when cross-compiling
+- Documentation improvements
+- Minor changes (renamings) in the code generated by sdbus-c++-xml2cpp generator
+- Other minor fixes and internal design improvements
+
+v0.7.1
+- Fixed waiting in integration tests
+- Added object manager automatically in ObjectManager_adaptor constructor
+- Introduced support for unix fd type
+- Redesigned Message class hierarchy to be more idiomatic, clean and intent-revealing
+- Resolved a few clang-tidy warnings and suggestions
+- Extended the tutorial with info on standard D-Bus interfaces
+- Added protected non-virtual destructor in generated *_proxy/*_adaptor classes
+
+v0.7.2
+- Rewrite UnixFd implementation from plain UnixFd struct to full-ownership-semantics UnixFd class
+
+v0.7.3
+- Add ability to integrate with external event loops
+- Add getSenderName() method to Message
+- Skip GetMachineId integration test case when /etc/machine-id is not available
+
+v0.7.4
+- Add support for custom timeout of D-Bus method calls
+- Add support for opening a connection to a remote system bus using ssh
+- Internal refactoring: Use tag dispatching to construct various types of Connection
+
+v0.7.5
+- [[Breaking ABI change]] No more hiding from C++17: Move API code containing C++17 uncaught_exceptions calls from within library to public API
+- Add a method to retrieve the unique name of a connection
+
+v0.7.6
+- Fixes of clang-8 errors and warnings
+
+v0.7.7
+- Fix race condition of polling on D-Bus fd from two threads (event loop thread and sync D-Bus call thread)
+- Little ordering fix in stress tests
+
+v0.7.8
+- Switch from thread_local to global bus instance that is used to create Variant instances (thread_local caused issues with Variant in very special inter-thread situations)
+
+v0.8.0
+- [[Breaking ABI change]]  Implement support for input & output parameter names for D-Bus methods and signals, which are used in introspection
+- Explain better in tutorial the design and how to use connections in relation to objects and proxies
+
+v0.8.1
+- Switch to full C++17 support
+- Switch to more modern CMake (>=3.12)
+- Provide better names to event loop-related IConnection methods, keep old ones marked as deprecated for backwards compatibility
+
+v0.8.2
+- Introduce support for cancellable async calls
+- Add getObjectPath() for proxy and object classes
+- Sanitize names of namespaces/methods/signals/properties/arguments in sdbus-c++-xml2cpp
+- Fix delivery of signals to multiple proxies subscribed to them
+- Fix file existence condition in sdbus-c++-xml2cpp
+- Fix CallData race condition in Proxy::callMethod
+- Fix integration tests for libsystemd older than 242
+- Fix installation of public sd-bus headers in internal libsystemd build
+- Fix integration test cases failing in specific situations
+- Fix build with clang 9.0.1 and libcxx
+- Fix potential data race in Proxy's condition variable
+
+v0.8.3
+- Fix build with gcc 8.3
+- Address a few inconsistencies and make code more idiomatic
+- Clean up integration tests
+- Remove non-virtual-dtor warnings by making classes final
+- Update CMake configuration flag names
+- Fix unused variable warning for release builds
+- Introduce CI workflow based on GitHub Actions
+
+v0.9.0
+- Provide CMake config and PkgConfig files for tools
+- Provide access to D-Bus message in high-level API
+- Add API to set signal destination
+- Add IProxy::getConnection() method
+- Add README and sdbus-c++ tutorial as additional pages in doxydocs
+- Enable default construction of PendingAsyncCall
+- Add API to get message path and message destination
+- Avoid propagating msg unpack exceptions to the event loop
+- Fix issue #145: signals are not filtered by sender
+- Fix race condition in Proxy and Object destructor
+- Fix seg fault in Message::peekType()
+- Add information to documentation about conan recipe
+- Add cpack to build debian packages, split the packages by components
+- Catch sdbus-c++ exceptions flying from Proxy callbacks to libsystemd
+- Add createDefaultBusConnection() method
+- Make resetting loop thread ID exception-safe
+- Support Error parameter in signal handlers
+- Add specific sections for tips and notes in the tutorial
+- A few additional documentation and test updates and improvements
+
+v1.0.0
+- [[Breaking API change]] Fixed the API to send org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager.InterfacesAdded and org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager.InterfacesRemoved signals via the generated stubs layer.
+  - StandardInterfaces.h: Split ObjectManager_adaptor and ManagedObject_adaptor.
+- New examples directory. First example covers the object manager. Further examples might follow.
+
+v1.1.0
+- Fix timeout handling for asynchronous method calls
+- Add support for unregistering signal handler
+- Add support for chrono literals in sdbus-c++-xml2cpp generator
+- Additional little fixes and improvements in code, build system, and documentation
+
+v1.2.0
+- Add support for match rules
+- Add support for session bus connection at custom address
+- Add CMake variable for extra libsystemd config options
+- Use pseudo D-Bus connection for plain messages
+- Rename dont_request_slot tag to floating_slot
+- Add validity checks for names and paths
+- Remove executable flag from source files
+- Detect missing type after array declaration
+- Fix invalid assert on event fd
+- Enable move for ObjectPath and Signature
+- Add printer for std::chrono in googletest v1.11.0
+- Fix potential undefined behavior in creation of sdbus::Error
+- Additional little fixes and improvements in code, build system, and documentation
+
+v1.3.0
+- Add support for light-weight proxies (proxies without own event loop threads)
+- Extend documentation with explicit mapping between D-Bus and corresponding C++ types
+- Support move semantics in generated adaptor and proxy classes
+- Adaptations for libsystemd v251
+- Fix for proper complete sending of long D-Bus messages by explicitly flushing them
+- Add support for std::future-based async calls
+- Fix race condition in async Proxy::callMethod
+- Fix pseudo-connection static lifetime issue with Phoenix pattern
+- Speed up performance of of serialization of arrays of trivial D-Bus types
+- Make sdbus::Struct a tuple-like class, so it's usable wherever std::tuple is
+- Add support for std::array, std::span and std::unordered_map as additional C++ types for D-Bus array types
+- Add support for libelogind as an addition to libsystemd
+- Add support for std::future-based async methods in codegen tool
+- Additional little fixes and improvements in code, build system, CI, and documentation
+
+v1.4.0
+- Implement API for convenient asynchronous property get/set on the client-side
+- Add support for FreeBSD systems (including support for basu implementation of sd-bus on non-systemd machines)
+- Add support for direct, peer-to-peer connections
+- Add option to create IConnection directly from an underlying sd_bus instance
+- Some additional fixes
+
+v1.5.0
+- Improve handling of exceptions from callback handlers
+- Add support for async registration of matches
+- Correctly add libsystemd dependency to pkgconfi
+- Fix request name signal handling issue
+- Add INSTALL_TESTS CMake option
+- Minor UnixFd cleanups
+- Additional little fixes and updates in code, build system, CI, and documentation
+
+v1.6.0
+- Add support for enums in D-Bus serialization and signatures
+- Add support for std::variant as an alternative C++ type for D-Bus Variant
+- Add support for implicit conversions between std::variant and sdbus::Variant
+- Fix missing includes
+
+v2.0.0
+- A new major version with revamped API, bringing numerous new features, simplifications, fixes and breaking changes improving not only API consistency, safety and expressiveness, but also performance
+- Add section 'Migrating to sdbus-c++ v2' to the 'Using sdbus-c++' document providing the complete list of breaking API/ABI/behavior changes and migration notes
+- Switch to C++20 standard (but the API is backwards-compatible with C++17, skipping C++20 features in such a case)
+- Add strong types to public API
+- Add support for string_view as a D-Bus type representation
+- Enable compile-time D-Bus signature generation
+- Redesign Object vtable registration API
+- Improve Proxy signal subscription API
+- Refactor object manager API for consistency
+- Introduce native sd-event integration
+- Let callbacks take message objects by value
+- Simplify async D-Bus connection handling
+- Simplify async call state flag
+- Make Variant constructor explicit
+- Use optional for passing potential call errors
+- Rename and re-organize CMake options
+- Rename connection creation methods
+- Have all async function names finish with *Async for consistency
+- Implement more flexible searching for sd-bus libs
+- Add new `SDBUSCPP_SDBUS_LIB` CMake configuration variable determining which sd-bus library shall be picked
+- Make Variant conversion operator explicit
+- Use sd-bus API to get the current message
+- Use sd_bus_match_signal() for signal registration
+- Provide also const char* overloads for convenience functions
+- Disable move in generated adaptor and proxy classes
+- Improve and make more efficient some Message API
+- Add Slot-returning overloads of async method calls
+- Remove floating_slot_t tag and use return_slot_t instead
+- Add [[nodiscard]] to many relevant API functions
+- Add proper fix for timeout handling
+- Fix for external event loops in which the event loop thread ID was not correctly initialized (now fixed and simplified by not needing the thread ID anymore)
+- Remove deprecated stuff
+- Add `SDBUSCPP_` prefix to CMake configuration variables to avoid conflicts with downstream projects
+- Require systemd of at least v238
+- Many other fixes and updates in code, tests, build system, CI, and documentation
+
+v2.1.0
+- Add SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT macro to conveniently teach sdbus-c++ about user-defined structs
+- Extend the SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT macro with serialization of user-defined structs as dicts, and deserialization of dicts into user-defined structs
+- Make createPlainMessage() function public
+- Solve the problem of sending large D-Bus messages properly (through the event loop thread)
+- Fix partially renamed BUILD_DOXYGEN_DOC CMake option
+- Change googletest to default version 1.14.0
+- Add version parameter to the xml2cpp codegen tool
+- A few other internal refactorings and improvements

INSTALL

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 Building:
   $ mkdir build
   $ cd build
-  $ cmake .. ${CONFIGURE_FLAGS_IF_NECESSARY}
+  $ cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ${OTHER_CONFIG_FLAGS}
   $ make
 
 Installing:

README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
 sdbus-c++
 =========
 
-sdbus-c++ is a C++ API library for D-Bus IPC, based on sd-bus implementation.
+![ci](https://github.com/Kistler-Group/sdbus-cpp/workflows/CI/badge.svg)
+![license](https://img.shields.io/github/license/Kistler-Group/sdbus-cpp)
+![release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/Kistler-Group/sdbus-cpp)
+
+sdbus-c++ is a high-level C++ D-Bus library for Linux designed to provide expressive, easy-to-use API in modern C++. It adds another layer of abstraction on top of sd-bus, a nice, fresh C D-Bus implementation by systemd.
+
+sdbus-c++ has been written primarily as a replacement of dbus-c++, which currently suffers from a number of (unresolved) bugs, concurrency issues and inherent design complexities and limitations. sdbus-c++ has learned from dbus-c++ and has chosen a different path, a path of simple yet powerful design that is intuitive and friendly to the user and inherently free of those bugs.
+
+Even though sdbus-c++ uses sd-bus library, it is not necessarily constrained to systemd and can perfectly be used in non-systemd environments as well.
 
 Building and installing the library
 -----------------------------------
@@ -11,34 +19,96 @@ The library is built using CMake:
 ```bash
 $ mkdir build
 $ cd build
-$ cmake .. ${CONFIGURE_FLAGS_IF_NECESSARY}
-$ make
-$ sudo make install
+$ cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ${OTHER_CONFIG_FLAGS}
+$ cmake --build .
+$ sudo cmake --build . --target install
 ```
 
-By default, the library builds its unit and integration tests. That incorporates downloading and building static libraries of Google Test. Use `-DENABLE_TESTS=OFF` configure flag if you want to disable building the tests.
+### CMake configuration flags for sdbus-c++
 
-By default, the library doesn't build the code generator for adaptor and proxy interfaces. Use `-DBUILD_CODE_GEN=ON` flag to also build the code generator.
+* `SDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN` [boolean]
+
+  Build the codegen tool `sdbus-c++-xml2cpp` for generating the high level C++ bindings out of the D-Bus IDL XML description. Default value: `OFF`. Use `-DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN=ON` flag to turn on building the code gen.
+
+* `SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOCS` [boolean]
+
+  Include sdbus-c++ documentation files and tutorials. Default value: `ON`. With this option turned on, you may also enable/disable the following option:
+
+    * `SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOXYGEN_DOCS` [boolean]
+
+      Build Doxygen documentation of sdbus-c++ API. If enabled, the documentation must still be built explicitly through `cmake --build . --target doc`. Default value: `OFF`. Use `-DSDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOXYGEN_DOCS=OFF` to disable searching for Doxygen and building Doxygen documentation of sdbus-c++ API.
+
+* `SDBUSCPP_BUILD_TESTS` [boolean]
+
+  Build sdbus-c++ unit and integration tests, invokable by `cmake --build . --target test` (Note: before invoking `cmake --build . --target test`, make sure you copy `tests/integrationtests/files/org.sdbuscpp.integrationtests.conf` file to `/etc/dbus-1/system.d` directory). That incorporates downloading and building static libraries of Google Test. Default value: `OFF`. Use `-DBUILD_TESTS=ON` to enable building the tests. With this option turned on, you may also enable/disable the following options:
+
+    * `SDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS` [boolean]
+
+      Build sdbus-c++ performance tests. Default value: `OFF`.
+
+    * `SDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS` [boolean]
+
+      Build sdbus-c++ stress tests. Default value: `OFF`.
+
+    * `SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH` [string]
+
+      Path where the test binaries shall get installed. Default value: `${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/tests/sdbus-c++` (previously: `/opt/test/bin`).
+
+* `SDBUSCPP_BUILD_EXAMPLES` [boolean]
+
+  Build example programs which are located in the _example_ directory. Examples are not installed. Default value: `OFF`.
+
+* `SDBUSCPP_BUILD_LIBSYSTEMD` [boolean]
+
+  Build sd-bus (libsystemd library) instead of searching for it in the system, and make it part of sdbus-c++ library. Default value: `OFF`, which means that the sd-bus implementation library (`libsystemd`, `libelogind`, or `basu`) will be searched via `pkg-config` in the system.
+
+  This option may be very helpful in environments where sd-bus implementation library is unavailable (see [Solving sd-bus dependency](docs/using-sdbus-c++.md#solving-sd-bus-dependency) for more information).
+  
+  With this option turned off, you may provide the following additional configuration flag:
+
+    * `SDBUSCPP_SDBUS_LIB` [string]
+
+      Defines which sd-bus implementation library to search for and use. Allowed values: `default`, `systemd`, `elogind`, `basu`. Default value: `default`, which means that sdbus-c++ will try to find any of `systemd`, `elogind`, `basu` in the order as listed here.
+
+  With this option turned on, you may provide the following additional configuration flag:
+
+    * `SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION` [string]
+
+      Defines version of systemd to be downloaded, built and integrated into sdbus-c++. Default value: `252`, minimum value: `239`.
+
+    * `SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_EXTRA_CONFIG_OPTS` [string]
+
+      Additional options to be passed as-is to the libsystemd build system in its configure step. Can be used for passing e.g. toolchain file path in case of cross builds. Default value: empty.
+
+* `CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE` [string]
+
+  CMake-builtin option. Set to `Release` to build sdbus-c++ for production use. Set to `Debug` if you want to help further develop (and debug) the library :)
+
+* `BUILD_SHARED_LIBS` [boolean]
+
+  Global CMake flag, promoted in sdbus-c++ project to a CMake option. Use this to control whether sdbus-c++ is built as either a shared or static library. Default value: `ON`.
 
 Dependencies
 ------------
 
-* `C++17` - the library uses C++17 `std::uncaught_exceptions()` feature. When building sdbus-c++ manually, make sure you use a compiler that supports that feature.
-* `libsystemd` - systemd library containing sd-bus implementation. Systemd v236 at least is needed for sdbus-c++ to compile.
-* `googletest` - google unit testing framework, only necessary when building tests, will be downloaded and built automatically
+* `C++20/C++17` - the library uses C++20 features, but its public API is backwards compatible with C++17 and provides optional extra features when C++20 features are available
+* `libsystemd`/`libelogind`/`basu` - libraries containing sd-bus implementation that sdbus-c++ is written around. In case of `libsystemd` and `libelogind`, version >= 238 is needed. (In case you have you're missing any of those sd-bus implementations, don't worry, see [Solving sd-bus dependency](docs/using-sdbus-c++.md#solving-sd-bus-dependency) for more information.)
+* `googletest` - google unit testing framework, only necessary when building tests, will be downloaded and built automatically.
+* `pkgconfig` - required for sdbus-c++ to be able to find some dependency packages.
+* `expat` - necessary when building the xml2cpp binding code generator (`SDBUSCPP_BUILD_CODEGEN` option is `ON`).
 
 Licensing
 ---------
 
-The library is distributed under LGPLv2.1 license.
+The library is distributed under LGPLv2.1 license, with a specific exception for macro/template/inline code in library header files.
 
 References/documentation
 ------------------------
 
+* [Using sdbus-c++](docs/using-sdbus-c++.md) - *the* main, comprehensive tutorial on sdbus-c++
+* [Systemd and dbus configuration](docs/systemd-dbus-config.md)
 * [D-Bus Specification](https://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-specification.html)
 * [sd-bus Overview](http://0pointer.net/blog/the-new-sd-bus-api-of-systemd.html)
-* [Tutorial: Using sdbus-c++](doc/using-sdbus-c++.md)
-* [Systemd and dbus configuration](doc/systemd-dbus-config.md)
 
 Contributing
 ------------

cmake/LibsystemdExternalProject.cmake

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+find_program(MESON meson)
+find_program(NINJA ninja)
+find_program(GPERF gperf)
+
+if((NOT MESON) OR (NOT NINJA))
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Meson and Ninja are required to build libsystemd")
+endif()
+
+if(NOT GPERF)
+    message(WARNING "gperf was not found, libsystemd configuration may fail")
+endif()
+
+find_library(GLIBC_RT_LIBRARY rt)
+find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
+pkg_check_modules(MOUNT mount)
+pkg_check_modules(CAP REQUIRED libcap)
+if (NOT CAP_FOUND)
+    find_library(CAP_LIBRARIES cap) # Compat with Ubuntu 14.04 which ships libcap w/o .pc file
+endif()
+
+if(NOT CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE)
+    set(LIBSYSTEMD_BUILD_TYPE "plain")
+elseif(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Debug")
+    set(LIBSYSTEMD_BUILD_TYPE "debug")
+else()
+    set(LIBSYSTEMD_BUILD_TYPE "release")
+endif()
+
+if(SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION LESS "239")
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Only libsystemd version >=239 can be built as static part of sdbus-c++")
+endif()
+if(SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION GREATER "240")
+    set(BUILD_VERSION_H ${NINJA} -C <BINARY_DIR> version.h)
+endif()
+
+message(STATUS "Building with embedded libsystemd v${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION}")
+
+include(ExternalProject)
+ExternalProject_Add(LibsystemdBuildProject
+                    PREFIX libsystemd-v${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION}
+                    GIT_REPOSITORY    https://github.com/systemd/systemd-stable.git
+                    GIT_TAG           v${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION}-stable
+                    GIT_SHALLOW       1
+                    UPDATE_COMMAND    ""
+                    CONFIGURE_COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E remove <BINARY_DIR>/*
+                              COMMAND ${MESON} --prefix=<INSTALL_DIR> --buildtype=${LIBSYSTEMD_BUILD_TYPE} -Drootprefix=<INSTALL_DIR> -Dstatic-libsystemd=pic -Dselinux=false <SOURCE_DIR> <BINARY_DIR> ${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_EXTRA_CONFIG_OPTS}
+                    BUILD_COMMAND     ${BUILD_VERSION_H}
+                          COMMAND     ${NINJA} -C <BINARY_DIR> libsystemd.a
+                    BUILD_ALWAYS      0
+                    INSTALL_COMMAND   ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy_directory <SOURCE_DIR>/src/systemd <INSTALL_DIR>/include/systemd
+                    LOG_DOWNLOAD 1 LOG_UPDATE 1 LOG_CONFIGURE 1 LOG_BUILD 1
+                    BUILD_BYPRODUCTS <BINARY_DIR>/libsystemd.a)
+
+ExternalProject_Get_property(LibsystemdBuildProject SOURCE_DIR)
+ExternalProject_Get_property(LibsystemdBuildProject BINARY_DIR)
+ExternalProject_Get_property(LibsystemdBuildProject INSTALL_DIR)
+
+add_library(Systemd::Libsystemd STATIC IMPORTED)
+set_target_properties(Systemd::Libsystemd PROPERTIES IMPORTED_LOCATION ${BINARY_DIR}/libsystemd.a)
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY ${INSTALL_DIR}/include/systemd) # Trick for CMake to stop complaining about non-existent ${INSTALL_DIR}/include directory
+target_include_directories(Systemd::Libsystemd INTERFACE ${INSTALL_DIR}/include)
+target_link_libraries(Systemd::Libsystemd INTERFACE ${CAP_LIBRARIES} ${GLIBC_RT_LIBRARY} ${MOUNT_LIBRARIES})

cmake/sdbus-c++-config.cmake.in

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+@PACKAGE_INIT@
+
+include("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/@PROJECT_NAME@-targets.cmake")
+check_required_components("@PROJECT_NAME@")

doc/systemd-dbus-config.md

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-Systemd and dbus configuration
-=======================
-
-**Table of contents**
-
-1. [Introduction](#introduction)
-2. [Systemd configuration](#systemd-configuration)
-3. [Dbus configuration](#dbus-configuration)
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-To run executable as a systemd service you may need some additional setup. For example, you may need explicitly allow 
-the usage of your service. Following chapters contain template configurations.
-
-
-Systemd configuration
----------------------------------------
-
-Filename should use `.service` extension. It also must be placed in configuration directory (/etc/systemd/system in
-Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS) 
-
-```
-[Unit]
-Description=nameOfService
-
-[Service]
-ExecStart=/path/to/executable
-
-[Install]
-WantedBy=multi-user.target
-```
-
-Dbus configuration
-------------------
-
-Typical default D-Bus configuration does not allow to register services except explicitly allowed. Filename should 
-contain name of your service, e.g `/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.sdbuscpp.concatenator.conf`. So, here is template
-configuration to use dbus interface under root:
-
-```
-<!DOCTYPE busconfig PUBLIC
- "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
- "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/busconfig.dtd">
-<busconfig>
-  <policy user="root">
-    <allow own="org.sdbuscpp.concatenator"/>
-    <allow send_destination="org.sdbuscpp"/>
-    <allow send_interface="org.sdbuscpp.concatenator"/>
-  </policy>
-</busconfig>
-```
-
-If you need access from other user `root` should be substituted by desired username. For more refer to `man dbus-daemon`.

docs/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Building doxygen documentation
+
+find_package(Doxygen)
+
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOXYGEN_DOCS)
+    if(DOXYGEN_FOUND)
+        configure_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/Doxyfile.in ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Doxyfile @ONLY)
+
+        add_custom_target(doc
+            COMMAND ${DOXYGEN_EXECUTABLE} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/Doxyfile
+            WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}
+            COMMENT "Generating API documentation with Doxygen"
+            VERBATIM)
+
+        # workaround bug https://github.com/doxygen/doxygen/pull/6787
+        add_custom_command(TARGET doc POST_BUILD
+          COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E copy ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/sdbus-c++-class-diagram.png ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/html/.)
+    else()
+        message(WARNING "Documentation enabled, but Doxygen cannot be found")
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+if(SDBUSCPP_INSTALL)
+    install(FILES sdbus-c++-class-diagram.png
+                  sdbus-c++-class-diagram.uml
+                  systemd-dbus-config.md
+                  using-sdbus-c++.md
+            DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_DOCDIR} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-doc)
+
+    if (SDBUSCPP_BUILD_DOXYGEN_DOCS AND DOXYGEN_FOUND)
+        install(DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/html DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_DOCDIR} OPTIONAL COMPONENT sdbus-c++-doc)
+    endif()
+endif()

docs/sdbus-c++-class-diagram.uml

@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ interface IObject {
   +emitSignal()
 }
 
-interface IObjectProxy {
+interface IProxy {
   +callMethod()
   +subscribeToSignal()
+  +get/setProperty()
 }
 
 class Message {
@@ -39,21 +40,24 @@ class Object {
   string objectPath
   List interfaces
   List methods
+  List signals
+  List properties
 }
 
-class ObjectProxy {
+class Proxy {
   IConnectionInternal& connection
   string destination
   string objectPath
+  List signalHandlers
 }
 
 IConnection <|-- Connection
 IConnectionInternal  <|- Connection
 IObject <|-- Object
-IObjectProxy <|-- ObjectProxy
+IProxy <|-- Proxy
 Connection <-- Object : "use"
-Connection <-- ObjectProxy : "use"
+Connection <-- Proxy : "use"
 Message <.. Object : "send/receive"
-Message <.. ObjectProxy : "send/receive"
+Message <.. Proxy : "send/receive"
 
 @enduml

docs/systemd-dbus-config.md

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+Systemd and D-Bus configuration
+=======================
+
+**Table of contents**
+
+1. [Introduction](#introduction)
+2. [Systemd configuration](#systemd-configuration)
+3. [Dbus configuration](#dbus-configuration)
+
+Introduction
+------------
+
+To run executable as a systemd service you may need some additional setup. For example, you may need explicitly allow the usage of your service. Following chapters contain template configurations.
+
+
+Systemd configuration
+---------------------------------------
+
+Filename should use `.service` extension. It also must be placed in configuration directory (/etc/systemd/system in Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS)
+
+```
+[Unit]
+Description=nameOfService
+
+[Service]
+ExecStart=/path/to/executable
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+D-Bus configuration
+------------------
+
+Typical default D-Bus configuration does not allow to register services except explicitly allowed. To allow a service to register its D-Bus API, we must place an appropriate conf file in `/etc/dbus-1/system.d/` directory. The conf file name must be `<service-name>.conf`. I.e., full file path for Concatenator example from sdbus-c++ tutorial would be `/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.sdbuscpp.concatenator.conf`. And here is template configuration to use its D-Bus interface under root:
+
+```
+<!DOCTYPE busconfig PUBLIC
+ "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
+ "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/busconfig.dtd">
+<busconfig>
+  <policy user="root">
+    <allow own="org.sdbuscpp.concatenator"/>
+    <allow send_destination="org.sdbuscpp.concatenator"/>
+    <allow send_interface="org.sdbuscpp.concatenator"/>
+  </policy>
+</busconfig>
+```
+
+If you need access from other user then `root` should be substituted by desired username. Or you can simply use policy `<policy context="default">` like [conf file](/tests/integrationtests/files/org.sdbuscpp.integrationtests.conf) for sdbus-c++ integration tests is doing it. For more information refer to `man dbus-daemon`.

examples/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Building examples
+
+add_executable(obj-manager-server org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager/obj-manager-server.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(obj-manager-server sdbus-c++)
+
+add_executable(obj-manager-client org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager/obj-manager-client.cpp)
+target_link_libraries(obj-manager-client sdbus-c++)
+
+if(SDBUSCPP_INSTALL)
+    install(TARGETS obj-manager-server DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-examples)
+    install(TARGETS obj-manager-client DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-examples)
+endif()

examples/org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager/examplemanager-planet1-client-glue.h

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+
+/*
+ * This file was automatically generated by sdbus-c++-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
+ */
+
+#ifndef __sdbuscpp__examplemanager_planet1_client_glue_h__proxy__H__
+#define __sdbuscpp__examplemanager_planet1_client_glue_h__proxy__H__
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+
+namespace org {
+namespace sdbuscpp {
+namespace ExampleManager {
+
+class Planet1_proxy
+{
+public:
+    static constexpr const char* INTERFACE_NAME = "org.sdbuscpp.ExampleManager.Planet1";
+
+protected:
+    Planet1_proxy(sdbus::IProxy& proxy)
+        : m_proxy(proxy)
+    {
+    }
+
+    Planet1_proxy(const Planet1_proxy&) = delete;
+    Planet1_proxy& operator=(const Planet1_proxy&) = delete;
+    Planet1_proxy(Planet1_proxy&&) = delete;
+    Planet1_proxy& operator=(Planet1_proxy&&) = delete;
+
+    ~Planet1_proxy() = default;
+
+    void registerProxy()
+    {
+    }
+
+public:
+    uint64_t GetPopulation()
+    {
+        uint64_t result;
+        m_proxy.callMethod("GetPopulation").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(result);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+public:
+    std::string Name()
+    {
+        return m_proxy.getProperty("Name").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).get<std::string>();
+    }
+
+private:
+    sdbus::IProxy& m_proxy;
+};
+
+}}} // namespaces
+
+#endif

examples/org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager/examplemanager-planet1-server-glue.h

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+
+/*
+ * This file was automatically generated by sdbus-c++-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
+ */
+
+#ifndef __sdbuscpp__examplemanager_planet1_server_glue_h__adaptor__H__
+#define __sdbuscpp__examplemanager_planet1_server_glue_h__adaptor__H__
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+
+namespace org {
+namespace sdbuscpp {
+namespace ExampleManager {
+
+class Planet1_adaptor
+{
+public:
+    static constexpr const char* INTERFACE_NAME = "org.sdbuscpp.ExampleManager.Planet1";
+
+protected:
+    Planet1_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object)
+        : m_object(object)
+    {
+    }
+
+    Planet1_adaptor(const Planet1_adaptor&) = delete;
+    Planet1_adaptor& operator=(const Planet1_adaptor&) = delete;
+    Planet1_adaptor(Planet1_adaptor&&) = delete;
+    Planet1_adaptor& operator=(Planet1_adaptor&&) = delete;
+
+    ~Planet1_adaptor() = default;
+
+    void registerAdaptor()
+    {
+        m_object.addVTable( sdbus::registerMethod("GetPopulation").withOutputParamNames("population").implementedAs([this](){ return this->GetPopulation(); })
+                          , sdbus::registerProperty("Name").withGetter([this](){ return this->Name(); })
+                          ).forInterface(INTERFACE_NAME);
+    }
+
+private:
+    virtual uint64_t GetPopulation() = 0;
+
+private:
+    virtual std::string Name() = 0;
+
+private:
+    sdbus::IObject& m_object;
+};
+
+}}} // namespaces
+
+#endif

examples/org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager/obj-manager-client.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/**
+ * Example of a D-Bus client which implements org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager
+ *
+ * The example uses the generated stub API layer to listen to interfaces added to new objects under
+ * "org.sdbuscpp.examplemanager". If added, we access "org.sdbuscpp.ExampleManager.Planet1" to print
+ * info like this:
+ * /org/sdbuscpp/examplemanager/Planet1/Earth added:	org.sdbuscpp.ExampleManager.Planet1
+ * Earth has a population of 7874965825.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "examplemanager-planet1-client-glue.h"
+#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <thread>
+
+class PlanetProxy final : public sdbus::ProxyInterfaces< org::sdbuscpp::ExampleManager::Planet1_proxy >
+{
+public:
+    PlanetProxy(sdbus::IConnection& connection, sdbus::ServiceName destination, sdbus::ObjectPath path)
+    : ProxyInterfaces(connection, std::move(destination), std::move(path))
+    {
+        registerProxy();
+    }
+
+    ~PlanetProxy()
+    {
+        unregisterProxy();
+    }
+};
+
+class ManagerProxy final : public sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<sdbus::ObjectManager_proxy>
+{
+public:
+    ManagerProxy(sdbus::IConnection& connection, sdbus::ServiceName destination, sdbus::ObjectPath path)
+        : ProxyInterfaces(connection, destination, std::move(path))
+        , m_connection(connection)
+        , m_destination(destination)
+    {
+        registerProxy();
+    }
+
+    ~ManagerProxy()
+    {
+        unregisterProxy();
+    }
+
+    void handleExistingObjects()
+    {
+        auto objectsInterfacesAndProperties = GetManagedObjects();
+        for (const auto& [object, interfacesAndProperties] : objectsInterfacesAndProperties) {
+            onInterfacesAdded(object, interfacesAndProperties);
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    void onInterfacesAdded( const sdbus::ObjectPath& objectPath
+                          , const std::map<sdbus::InterfaceName, std::map<sdbus::PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>>& interfacesAndProperties) override
+    {
+        std::cout << objectPath << " added:\t";
+        for (const auto& [interface, _] : interfacesAndProperties) {
+            std::cout << interface << " ";
+        }
+        std::cout << std::endl;
+
+        // Parse and print some more info
+        auto planetInterface = interfacesAndProperties.find(sdbus::InterfaceName{org::sdbuscpp::ExampleManager::Planet1_proxy::INTERFACE_NAME});
+        if (planetInterface == interfacesAndProperties.end()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const auto& properties = planetInterface->second;
+        // get a property which was passed as part of the signal.
+        const auto& name = properties.at(sdbus::PropertyName{"Name"}).get<std::string>();
+        // or create a proxy instance to the newly added object.
+        PlanetProxy planet(m_connection, m_destination, objectPath);
+        std::cout << name << " has a population of " << planet.GetPopulation() << ".\n" << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    void onInterfacesRemoved( const sdbus::ObjectPath& objectPath
+                            , const std::vector<sdbus::InterfaceName>& interfaces) override
+    {
+        std::cout << objectPath << " removed:\t";
+        for (const auto& interface : interfaces) {
+            std::cout << interface << " ";
+        }
+        std::cout << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    sdbus::IConnection& m_connection;
+    sdbus::ServiceName m_destination;
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+    auto connection = sdbus::createSessionBusConnection();
+
+    sdbus::ServiceName destination{"org.sdbuscpp.examplemanager"};
+    sdbus::ObjectPath objectPath{"/org/sdbuscpp/examplemanager"};
+    auto managerProxy = std::make_unique<ManagerProxy>(*connection, std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath));
+    try {
+        managerProxy->handleExistingObjects();
+    }
+    catch (const sdbus::Error& e) {
+        if (e.getName() == "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown") {
+            std::cout << "Waiting for server to start ..." << std::endl;
+        }
+    }
+
+    connection->enterEventLoop();
+    return 0;
+}

examples/org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager/obj-manager-server.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/**
+ * Example of a D-Bus server which implements org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager
+ *
+ * The example uses the generated stub API layer to register an object manager under "org.sdbuscpp.examplemanager"
+ * and add objects underneath which implement "org.sdbuscpp.ExampleManager.Planet1".
+ *
+ * We add and remove objects after a few seconds and print info like this:
+ * Creating PlanetAdaptor in 5 4 3 2 1
+ * Creating PlanetAdaptor in 5 4 3 2 1
+ * Creating PlanetAdaptor in 5 4 3 2 1
+ * Removing PlanetAdaptor in 5 4 3 2 1
+ * Removing PlanetAdaptor in 5 4 3 2 1
+ */
+
+#include "examplemanager-planet1-server-glue.h"
+#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <memory>
+#include <thread>
+#include <chrono>
+
+using sdbus::ObjectPath;
+
+class ManagerAdaptor : public sdbus::AdaptorInterfaces<sdbus::ObjectManager_adaptor>
+{
+public:
+    ManagerAdaptor(sdbus::IConnection& connection, sdbus::ObjectPath path)
+        : AdaptorInterfaces(connection, std::move(path))
+    {
+        registerAdaptor();
+    }
+
+    ~ManagerAdaptor()
+    {
+        unregisterAdaptor();
+    }
+};
+
+class PlanetAdaptor final : public sdbus::AdaptorInterfaces< org::sdbuscpp::ExampleManager::Planet1_adaptor
+                                                           , sdbus::ManagedObject_adaptor
+                                                           , sdbus::Properties_adaptor >
+{
+public:
+    PlanetAdaptor(sdbus::IConnection& connection, sdbus::ObjectPath path, std::string name, uint64_t population)
+        : AdaptorInterfaces(connection, std::move(path))
+        , m_name(std::move(name))
+        , m_population(population)
+    {
+        registerAdaptor();
+        emitInterfacesAddedSignal({sdbus::InterfaceName{org::sdbuscpp::ExampleManager::Planet1_adaptor::INTERFACE_NAME}});
+    }
+
+    ~PlanetAdaptor()
+    {
+        emitInterfacesRemovedSignal({sdbus::InterfaceName{org::sdbuscpp::ExampleManager::Planet1_adaptor::INTERFACE_NAME}});
+        unregisterAdaptor();
+    }
+
+    uint64_t GetPopulation() override
+    {
+        return m_population;
+    }
+
+    std::string Name() override
+    {
+        return m_name;
+    }
+
+private:
+    std::string m_name;
+    uint64_t m_population;
+};
+
+void printCountDown(const std::string& message, int seconds)
+{
+    std::cout << message << std::flush;
+    for (int i = seconds; i > 0; i--) {
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
+        std::cout << i << " " << std::flush;
+    }
+    std::cout << std::endl;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    auto connection = sdbus::createSessionBusConnection();
+    sdbus::ServiceName serviceName{"org.sdbuscpp.examplemanager"};
+    connection->requestName(serviceName);
+    connection->enterEventLoopAsync();
+
+    auto manager = std::make_unique<ManagerAdaptor>(*connection, ObjectPath{"/org/sdbuscpp/examplemanager"});
+    while (true)
+    {
+        printCountDown("Creating PlanetAdaptor in ", 5);
+        auto earth = std::make_unique<PlanetAdaptor>(*connection, ObjectPath{"/org/sdbuscpp/examplemanager/Planet1/Earth"}, "Earth", 7'874'965'825);
+        printCountDown("Creating PlanetAdaptor in ", 5);
+        auto trantor = std::make_unique<PlanetAdaptor>(*connection, ObjectPath{"/org/sdbuscpp/examplemanager/Planet1/Trantor"}, "Trantor", 40'000'000'000);
+        printCountDown("Creating PlanetAdaptor in ", 5);
+        auto laconia = std::make_unique<PlanetAdaptor>(*connection, ObjectPath{"/org/sdbuscpp/examplemanager/Planet1/Laconia"}, "Laconia", 231'721);
+        printCountDown("Removing PlanetAdaptor in ", 5);
+        earth.reset();
+        printCountDown("Removing PlanetAdaptor in ", 5);
+        trantor.reset();
+        printCountDown("Removing PlanetAdaptor in ", 5);
+        laconia.reset();
+    }
+
+    connection->releaseName(serviceName);
+    connection->leaveEventLoop();
+    return 0;
+}

examples/org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager/org.sdbuscpp.ExampleManager.Planet1.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+<!DOCTYPE node PUBLIC "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Object Introspection 1.0//EN" "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/introspect.dtd">
+<node>
+    <interface name="org.sdbuscpp.ExampleManager.Planet1">
+
+        <!--
+          @brief get the population of this planet
+          @param [out] population of the planet
+        -->
+        <method name="GetPopulation">
+            <arg name="population" type="t" direction="out" />
+        </method>
+
+        <!--
+          @brief This planet's name
+        -->
+        <property name="Name" type="s" access="read"/>
+
+    </interface>
+</node>

include/sdbus-c++/AdaptorInterfaces.h

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file AdaptorInterfaces.h
+ *
+ * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_ADAPTORINTERFACES_H_
+#define SDBUS_CXX_ADAPTORINTERFACES_H_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <string>
+#include <memory>
+
+// Forward declarations
+namespace sdbus {
+    class IConnection;
+}
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class ObjectHolder
+     *
+     * ObjectHolder is a helper that simply owns and provides
+     * access to an object to other classes in the inheritance
+     * hierarchy of an object based on generated interface classes.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    class ObjectHolder
+    {
+    protected:
+        ObjectHolder(std::unique_ptr<IObject>&& object)
+            : object_(std::move(object))
+        {
+        }
+
+        const IObject& getObject() const
+        {
+            assert(object_ != nullptr);
+            return *object_;
+        }
+
+        IObject& getObject()
+        {
+            assert(object_ != nullptr);
+            return *object_;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::unique_ptr<IObject> object_;
+    };
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class AdaptorInterfaces
+     *
+     * AdaptorInterfaces is a helper template class that joins all interface classes of a remote
+     * D-Bus object generated by sdbus-c++-xml2cpp to be used on the server (the adaptor) side,
+     * including some auxiliary classes. AdaptorInterfaces is the class that native-like object
+     * implementation classes written by users should inherit from and implement all pure virtual
+     * methods. So the _Interfaces template parameter is a list of sdbus-c++-xml2cpp-generated
+     * adaptor-side interface classes representing interfaces (with methods, signals and properties)
+     * of the D-Bus object.
+     *
+     * In the final adaptor class inherited from AdaptorInterfaces, one needs to make sure:
+     *   1. to call `registerAdaptor();` in the class constructor, and, conversely,
+     *   2. to call `unregisterAdaptor();` in the class destructor,
+     * so that the object API vtable is registered and unregistered at the proper time.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    template <typename... _Interfaces>
+    class AdaptorInterfaces
+        : protected ObjectHolder
+        , public _Interfaces...
+    {
+    public:
+        /*!
+         * @brief Creates object instance
+         *
+         * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection where the object will publish itself
+         * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * For more information, consult @ref createObject(sdbus::IConnection&,std::string)
+         */
+        AdaptorInterfaces(IConnection& connection, ObjectPath objectPath)
+            : ObjectHolder(createObject(connection, std::move(objectPath)))
+            , _Interfaces(getObject())...
+        {
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Adds object vtable (i.e. D-Bus API) definitions for all interfaces it implements
+         *
+         * This function must be called in the constructor of the final adaptor class that implements AdaptorInterfaces.
+         *
+         * See also @ref IObject::addVTable()
+         */
+        void registerAdaptor()
+        {
+            (_Interfaces::registerAdaptor(), ...);
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Unregisters adaptors's API and removes it from the bus
+         *
+         * This function must be called in the destructor of the final adaptor class that implements AdaptorInterfaces.
+         *
+         * For more information, see underlying @ref IObject::unregister()
+         */
+        void unregisterAdaptor()
+        {
+            getObject().unregister();
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Returns reference to the underlying IObject instance
+         */
+        using ObjectHolder::getObject;
+
+    protected:
+        using base_type = AdaptorInterfaces;
+
+        AdaptorInterfaces(const AdaptorInterfaces&) = delete;
+        AdaptorInterfaces& operator=(const AdaptorInterfaces&) = delete;
+        AdaptorInterfaces(AdaptorInterfaces&&) = delete;
+        AdaptorInterfaces& operator=(AdaptorInterfaces&&) = delete;
+        ~AdaptorInterfaces() = default;
+    };
+
+}
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_ADAPTORINTERFACES_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/ConvenienceApiClasses.h

@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file ConvenienceApiClasses.h
+ *
+ * Created on: Jan 19, 2017
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_CONVENIENCEAPICLASSES_H_
+#define SDBUS_CXX_CONVENIENCEAPICLASSES_H_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/VTableItems.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <future>
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <vector>
+
+// Forward declarations
+namespace sdbus {
+    class IObject;
+    class IProxy;
+    class Error;
+    class PendingAsyncCall;
+}
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+    class VTableAdder
+    {
+    public:
+        void forInterface(InterfaceName interfaceName);
+        void forInterface(std::string interfaceName);
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot forInterface(InterfaceName interfaceName, return_slot_t);
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot forInterface(std::string interfaceName, return_slot_t);
+
+    private:
+        friend IObject;
+        VTableAdder(IObject& object, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable);
+
+    private:
+        IObject& object_;
+        std::vector<VTableItem> vtable_;
+    };
+
+    class SignalEmitter
+    {
+    public:
+        SignalEmitter& onInterface(const InterfaceName& interfaceName);
+        SignalEmitter& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
+        SignalEmitter& onInterface(const char* interfaceName);
+        template <typename... _Args> void withArguments(_Args&&... args);
+
+        SignalEmitter(SignalEmitter&& other) = default;
+        ~SignalEmitter() noexcept(false);
+
+    private:
+        friend IObject;
+        SignalEmitter(IObject& object, const SignalName& signalName);
+        SignalEmitter(IObject& object, const char* signalName);
+
+    private:
+        IObject& object_;
+        const char* signalName_;
+        Signal signal_;
+        int exceptions_{}; // Number of active exceptions when SignalEmitter is constructed
+    };
+
+    class MethodInvoker
+    {
+    public:
+        MethodInvoker& onInterface(const InterfaceName& interfaceName);
+        MethodInvoker& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
+        MethodInvoker& onInterface(const char* interfaceName);
+        MethodInvoker& withTimeout(uint64_t usec);
+        template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+        MethodInvoker& withTimeout(const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout);
+        template <typename... _Args> MethodInvoker& withArguments(_Args&&... args);
+        template <typename... _Args> void storeResultsTo(_Args&... args);
+        void dontExpectReply();
+
+        MethodInvoker(MethodInvoker&& other) = default;
+        ~MethodInvoker() noexcept(false);
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        MethodInvoker(IProxy& proxy, const MethodName& methodName);
+        MethodInvoker(IProxy& proxy, const char* methodName);
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+        const char* methodName_;
+        uint64_t timeout_{};
+        MethodCall method_;
+        int exceptions_{}; // Number of active exceptions when MethodInvoker is constructed
+        bool methodCalled_{};
+    };
+
+    class AsyncMethodInvoker
+    {
+    public:
+        AsyncMethodInvoker& onInterface(const InterfaceName& interfaceName);
+        AsyncMethodInvoker& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
+        AsyncMethodInvoker& onInterface(const char* interfaceName);
+        AsyncMethodInvoker& withTimeout(uint64_t usec);
+        template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+        AsyncMethodInvoker& withTimeout(const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout);
+        template <typename... _Args> AsyncMethodInvoker& withArguments(_Args&&... args);
+        template <typename _Function> PendingAsyncCall uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback);
+        template <typename _Function> [[nodiscard]] Slot uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t);
+        // Returned future will be std::future<void> for no (void) D-Bus method return value
+        //                      or std::future<T> for single D-Bus method return value
+        //                      or std::future<std::tuple<...>> for multiple method return values
+        template <typename... _Args> std::future<future_return_t<_Args...>> getResultAsFuture();
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        AsyncMethodInvoker(IProxy& proxy, const MethodName& methodName);
+        AsyncMethodInvoker(IProxy& proxy, const char* methodName);
+        template <typename _Function> async_reply_handler makeAsyncReplyHandler(_Function&& callback);
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+        const char* methodName_;
+        uint64_t timeout_{};
+        MethodCall method_;
+    };
+
+    class SignalSubscriber
+    {
+    public:
+        SignalSubscriber& onInterface(const InterfaceName& interfaceName);
+        SignalSubscriber& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
+        SignalSubscriber& onInterface(const char* interfaceName);
+        template <typename _Function> void call(_Function&& callback);
+        template <typename _Function> [[nodiscard]] Slot call(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t);
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        SignalSubscriber(IProxy& proxy, const SignalName& signalName);
+        SignalSubscriber(IProxy& proxy, const char* signalName);
+        template <typename _Function> signal_handler makeSignalHandler(_Function&& callback);
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+        const char* signalName_;
+        const char* interfaceName_{};
+    };
+
+    class PropertyGetter
+    {
+    public:
+        Variant onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName);
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        PropertyGetter(IProxy& proxy, std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        static constexpr const char* DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+        std::string_view propertyName_;
+    };
+
+    class AsyncPropertyGetter
+    {
+    public:
+        AsyncPropertyGetter& onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName);
+        template <typename _Function> PendingAsyncCall uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback);
+        template <typename _Function> [[nodiscard]] Slot uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t);
+        std::future<Variant> getResultAsFuture();
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        AsyncPropertyGetter(IProxy& proxy, std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        static constexpr const char* DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+        std::string_view propertyName_;
+        std::string_view interfaceName_;
+    };
+
+    class PropertySetter
+    {
+    public:
+        PropertySetter& onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName);
+        template <typename _Value> void toValue(const _Value& value);
+        template <typename _Value> void toValue(const _Value& value, dont_expect_reply_t);
+        void toValue(const Variant& value);
+        void toValue(const Variant& value, dont_expect_reply_t);
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        PropertySetter(IProxy& proxy, std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        static constexpr const char* DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+        std::string_view propertyName_;
+        std::string_view interfaceName_;
+    };
+
+    class AsyncPropertySetter
+    {
+    public:
+        AsyncPropertySetter& onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName);
+        template <typename _Value> AsyncPropertySetter& toValue(_Value&& value);
+        AsyncPropertySetter& toValue(Variant value);
+        template <typename _Function> PendingAsyncCall uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback);
+        template <typename _Function> [[nodiscard]] Slot uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t);
+        std::future<void> getResultAsFuture();
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        AsyncPropertySetter(IProxy& proxy, std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        static constexpr const char* DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+        std::string_view propertyName_;
+        std::string_view interfaceName_;
+        Variant value_;
+    };
+
+    class AllPropertiesGetter
+    {
+    public:
+        std::map<PropertyName, Variant> onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName);
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        AllPropertiesGetter(IProxy& proxy);
+
+        static constexpr const char* DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+    };
+
+    class AsyncAllPropertiesGetter
+    {
+    public:
+        AsyncAllPropertiesGetter& onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName);
+        template <typename _Function> PendingAsyncCall uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback);
+        template <typename _Function> [[nodiscard]] Slot uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t);
+        std::future<std::map<PropertyName, Variant>> getResultAsFuture();
+
+    private:
+        friend IProxy;
+        AsyncAllPropertiesGetter(IProxy& proxy);
+
+        static constexpr const char* DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+
+    private:
+        IProxy& proxy_;
+        std::string_view interfaceName_;
+    };
+
+} // namespace sdbus
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_CONVENIENCEAPICLASSES_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/ConvenienceApiClasses.inl

@@ -0,0 +1,718 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file ConvenienceApiClasses.inl
+ *
+ * Created on: Dec 19, 2016
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CPP_CONVENIENCEAPICLASSES_INL_
+#define SDBUS_CPP_CONVENIENCEAPICLASSES_INL_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/IProxy.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/MethodResult.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <exception>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+    /*** ------------- ***/
+    /***  VTableAdder  ***/
+    /*** ------------- ***/
+
+    inline VTableAdder::VTableAdder(IObject& object, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable)
+        : object_(object)
+        , vtable_(std::move(vtable))
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline void VTableAdder::forInterface(InterfaceName interfaceName)
+    {
+        object_.addVTable(std::move(interfaceName), std::move(vtable_));
+    }
+
+    inline void VTableAdder::forInterface(std::string interfaceName)
+    {
+        forInterface(InterfaceName{std::move(interfaceName)});
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] inline Slot VTableAdder::forInterface(InterfaceName interfaceName, return_slot_t)
+    {
+        return object_.addVTable(std::move(interfaceName), std::move(vtable_), return_slot);
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] inline Slot VTableAdder::forInterface(std::string interfaceName, return_slot_t)
+    {
+        return forInterface(InterfaceName{std::move(interfaceName)}, return_slot);
+    }
+
+    /*** ------------- ***/
+    /*** SignalEmitter ***/
+    /*** ------------- ***/
+
+    inline SignalEmitter::SignalEmitter(IObject& object, const SignalName& signalName)
+        : SignalEmitter(object, signalName.c_str())
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline SignalEmitter::SignalEmitter(IObject& object, const char* signalName)
+        : object_(object)
+        , signalName_(signalName)
+        , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline SignalEmitter::~SignalEmitter() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
+    {                                                      // explicitly be allowed to throw
+        // Don't emit the signal if SignalEmitter threw an exception in one of its methods
+        if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
+            return;
+
+        // emitSignal() can throw. But as the SignalEmitter shall always be used as an unnamed,
+        // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
+        // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
+        // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
+        // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
+        // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
+        // Therefore, we can allow emitSignal() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
+        // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
+        // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
+        object_.emitSignal(signal_);
+    }
+
+    inline SignalEmitter& SignalEmitter::onInterface(const InterfaceName& interfaceName)
+    {
+        return onInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline SignalEmitter& SignalEmitter::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
+    {
+        return onInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline SignalEmitter& SignalEmitter::onInterface(const char* interfaceName)
+    {
+        signal_ = object_.createSignal(interfaceName, signalName_);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Args>
+    inline void SignalEmitter::withArguments(_Args&&... args)
+    {
+        assert(signal_.isValid()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to withArguments()
+
+        detail::serialize_pack(signal_, std::forward<_Args>(args)...);
+    }
+
+    /*** ------------- ***/
+    /*** MethodInvoker ***/
+    /*** ------------- ***/
+
+    inline MethodInvoker::MethodInvoker(IProxy& proxy, const MethodName& methodName)
+        : MethodInvoker(proxy, methodName.c_str())
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker::MethodInvoker(IProxy& proxy, const char* methodName)
+        : proxy_(proxy)
+        , methodName_(methodName)
+        , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker::~MethodInvoker() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
+    {                                                      // explicitly be allowed to throw
+        // Don't call the method if it has been called already or if MethodInvoker
+        // threw an exception in one of its methods
+        if (methodCalled_ || std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
+            return;
+
+        // callMethod() can throw. But as the MethodInvoker shall always be used as an unnamed,
+        // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
+        // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
+        // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
+        // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
+        // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
+        // Therefore, we can allow callMethod() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
+        // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
+        // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
+        proxy_.callMethod(method_, timeout_);
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker& MethodInvoker::onInterface(const InterfaceName& interfaceName)
+    {
+        return onInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker& MethodInvoker::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
+    {
+        return onInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker& MethodInvoker::onInterface(const char* interfaceName)
+    {
+        method_ = proxy_.createMethodCall(interfaceName, methodName_);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker& MethodInvoker::withTimeout(uint64_t usec)
+    {
+        timeout_ = usec;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+    inline MethodInvoker& MethodInvoker::withTimeout(const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout)
+    {
+        auto microsecs = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout);
+        return withTimeout(microsecs.count());
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Args>
+    inline MethodInvoker& MethodInvoker::withArguments(_Args&&... args)
+    {
+        assert(method_.isValid()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        detail::serialize_pack(method_, std::forward<_Args>(args)...);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Args>
+    inline void MethodInvoker::storeResultsTo(_Args&... args)
+    {
+        assert(method_.isValid()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        auto reply = proxy_.callMethod(method_, timeout_);
+        methodCalled_ = true;
+
+        detail::deserialize_pack(reply, args...);
+    }
+
+    inline void MethodInvoker::dontExpectReply()
+    {
+        assert(method_.isValid()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        method_.dontExpectReply();
+    }
+
+    /*** ------------------ ***/
+    /*** AsyncMethodInvoker ***/
+    /*** ------------------ ***/
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker::AsyncMethodInvoker(IProxy& proxy, const MethodName& methodName)
+        : AsyncMethodInvoker(proxy, methodName.c_str())
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker::AsyncMethodInvoker(IProxy& proxy, const char* methodName)
+        : proxy_(proxy)
+        , methodName_(methodName)
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker& AsyncMethodInvoker::onInterface(const InterfaceName& interfaceName)
+    {
+        return onInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker& AsyncMethodInvoker::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
+    {
+        return onInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker& AsyncMethodInvoker::onInterface(const char* interfaceName)
+    {
+        method_ = proxy_.createMethodCall(interfaceName, methodName_);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker& AsyncMethodInvoker::withTimeout(uint64_t usec)
+    {
+        timeout_ = usec;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker& AsyncMethodInvoker::withTimeout(const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout)
+    {
+        auto microsecs = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout);
+        return withTimeout(microsecs.count());
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Args>
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker& AsyncMethodInvoker::withArguments(_Args&&... args)
+    {
+        assert(method_.isValid()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        detail::serialize_pack(method_, std::forward<_Args>(args)...);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    PendingAsyncCall AsyncMethodInvoker::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        assert(method_.isValid()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync(method_, makeAsyncReplyHandler(std::forward<_Function>(callback)), timeout_);
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    [[nodiscard]] Slot AsyncMethodInvoker::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+    {
+        assert(method_.isValid()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync( method_
+                                     , makeAsyncReplyHandler(std::forward<_Function>(callback))
+                                     , timeout_
+                                     , return_slot );
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    inline async_reply_handler AsyncMethodInvoker::makeAsyncReplyHandler(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        return [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](MethodReply reply, std::optional<Error> error)
+        {
+            // Create a tuple of callback input arguments' types, which will be used
+            // as a storage for the argument values deserialized from the message.
+            tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function> args;
+
+            // Deserialize input arguments from the message into the tuple (if no error occurred).
+            if (!error)
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    reply >> args;
+                }
+                catch (const Error& e)
+                {
+                    // Pass message deserialization exceptions to the client via callback error parameter,
+                    // instead of propagating them up the message loop call stack.
+                    sdbus::apply(callback, e, args);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Invoke callback with input arguments from the tuple.
+            sdbus::apply(callback, std::move(error), args);
+        };
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Args>
+    std::future<future_return_t<_Args...>> AsyncMethodInvoker::getResultAsFuture()
+    {
+        auto promise = std::make_shared<std::promise<future_return_t<_Args...>>>();
+        auto future = promise->get_future();
+
+        uponReplyInvoke([promise = std::move(promise)](std::optional<Error> error, _Args... args)
+        {
+            if (!error)
+                if constexpr (!std::is_void_v<future_return_t<_Args...>>)
+                    promise->set_value({std::move(args)...});
+                else
+                    promise->set_value();
+            else
+                promise->set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(*std::move(error)));
+        });
+
+        // Will be std::future<void> for no D-Bus method return value
+        //      or std::future<T> for single D-Bus method return value
+        //      or std::future<std::tuple<...>> for multiple method return values
+        return future;
+    }
+
+    /*** ---------------- ***/
+    /*** SignalSubscriber ***/
+    /*** ---------------- ***/
+
+    inline SignalSubscriber::SignalSubscriber(IProxy& proxy, const SignalName& signalName)
+        : SignalSubscriber(proxy, signalName.c_str())
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline SignalSubscriber::SignalSubscriber(IProxy& proxy, const char* signalName)
+        : proxy_(proxy)
+        , signalName_(signalName)
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline SignalSubscriber& SignalSubscriber::onInterface(const InterfaceName& interfaceName)
+    {
+        return onInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline SignalSubscriber& SignalSubscriber::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
+    {
+        return onInterface(interfaceName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline SignalSubscriber& SignalSubscriber::onInterface(const char* interfaceName)
+    {
+        interfaceName_ = std::move(interfaceName);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    inline void SignalSubscriber::call(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        assert(interfaceName_ != nullptr); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        proxy_.registerSignalHandler( interfaceName_
+                                    , signalName_
+                                    , makeSignalHandler(std::forward<_Function>(callback)) );
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    [[nodiscard]] inline Slot SignalSubscriber::call(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+    {
+        assert(interfaceName_ != nullptr); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.registerSignalHandler( interfaceName_
+                                           , signalName_
+                                           , makeSignalHandler(std::forward<_Function>(callback))
+                                           , return_slot );
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    inline signal_handler SignalSubscriber::makeSignalHandler(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        return [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](Signal signal)
+        {
+            // Create a tuple of callback input arguments' types, which will be used
+            // as a storage for the argument values deserialized from the signal message.
+            tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function> signalArgs;
+
+            // The signal handler can take pure signal parameters only, or an additional `std::optional<Error>` as its first
+            // parameter. In the former case, if the deserialization fails (e.g. due to signature mismatch),
+            // the failure is ignored (and signal simply dropped). In the latter case, the deserialization failure
+            // will be communicated to the client's signal handler as a valid Error object inside the std::optional parameter.
+            if constexpr (has_error_param_v<_Function>)
+            {
+                // Deserialize input arguments from the signal message into the tuple
+                try
+                {
+                    signal >> signalArgs;
+                }
+                catch (const sdbus::Error& e)
+                {
+                    // Pass message deserialization exceptions to the client via callback error parameter,
+                    // instead of propagating them up the message loop call stack.
+                    sdbus::apply(callback, e, signalArgs);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                // Invoke callback with no error and input arguments from the tuple.
+                sdbus::apply(callback, {}, signalArgs);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // Deserialize input arguments from the signal message into the tuple
+                signal >> signalArgs;
+
+                // Invoke callback with input arguments from the tuple.
+                sdbus::apply(callback, signalArgs);
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    /*** -------------- ***/
+    /*** PropertyGetter ***/
+    /*** -------------- ***/
+
+    inline PropertyGetter::PropertyGetter(IProxy& proxy, std::string_view propertyName)
+        : proxy_(proxy)
+        , propertyName_(std::move(propertyName))
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline Variant PropertyGetter::onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName)
+    {
+        Variant var;
+        proxy_.callMethod("Get")
+              .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+              .withArguments(interfaceName, propertyName_)
+              .storeResultsTo(var);
+        return var;
+    }
+
+    /*** ------------------- ***/
+    /*** AsyncPropertyGetter ***/
+    /*** ------------------- ***/
+
+    inline AsyncPropertyGetter::AsyncPropertyGetter(IProxy& proxy, std::string_view propertyName)
+        : proxy_(proxy)
+        , propertyName_(std::move(propertyName))
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncPropertyGetter& AsyncPropertyGetter::onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName)
+    {
+        interfaceName_ = std::move(interfaceName);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    PendingAsyncCall AsyncPropertyGetter::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        static_assert( std::is_invocable_r_v<void, _Function, std::optional<Error>, Variant>
+                     , "Property get callback function must accept std::optional<Error> and property value as Variant" );
+
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("Get")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_)
+                     .uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    [[nodiscard]] Slot AsyncPropertyGetter::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+    {
+        static_assert( std::is_invocable_r_v<void, _Function, std::optional<Error>, Variant>
+                     , "Property get callback function must accept std::optional<Error> and property value as Variant" );
+
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("Get")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_)
+                     .uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+    }
+
+    inline std::future<Variant> AsyncPropertyGetter::getResultAsFuture()
+    {
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("Get")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_)
+                     .getResultAsFuture<Variant>();
+    }
+
+    /*** -------------- ***/
+    /*** PropertySetter ***/
+    /*** -------------- ***/
+
+    inline PropertySetter::PropertySetter(IProxy& proxy, std::string_view propertyName)
+        : proxy_(proxy)
+        , propertyName_(std::move(propertyName))
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline PropertySetter& PropertySetter::onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName)
+    {
+        interfaceName_ = std::move(interfaceName);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Value>
+    inline void PropertySetter::toValue(const _Value& value)
+    {
+        PropertySetter::toValue(Variant{value});
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Value>
+    inline void PropertySetter::toValue(const _Value& value, dont_expect_reply_t)
+    {
+        PropertySetter::toValue(Variant{value}, dont_expect_reply);
+    }
+
+    inline void PropertySetter::toValue(const Variant& value)
+    {
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        proxy_.callMethod("Set")
+              .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+              .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_, value);
+    }
+
+    inline void PropertySetter::toValue(const Variant& value, dont_expect_reply_t)
+    {
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        proxy_.callMethod("Set")
+              .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+              .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_, value)
+              .dontExpectReply();
+    }
+
+    /*** ------------------- ***/
+    /*** AsyncPropertySetter ***/
+    /*** ------------------- ***/
+
+    inline AsyncPropertySetter::AsyncPropertySetter(IProxy& proxy, std::string_view propertyName)
+        : proxy_(proxy)
+        , propertyName_(propertyName)
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncPropertySetter& AsyncPropertySetter::onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName)
+    {
+        interfaceName_ = std::move(interfaceName);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Value>
+    inline AsyncPropertySetter& AsyncPropertySetter::toValue(_Value&& value)
+    {
+        return AsyncPropertySetter::toValue(Variant{std::forward<_Value>(value)});
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncPropertySetter& AsyncPropertySetter::toValue(Variant value)
+    {
+        value_ = std::move(value);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    PendingAsyncCall AsyncPropertySetter::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        static_assert( std::is_invocable_r_v<void, _Function, std::optional<Error>>
+                     , "Property set callback function must accept std::optional<Error> only" );
+
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("Set")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_, std::move(value_))
+                     .uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    [[nodiscard]] Slot AsyncPropertySetter::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+    {
+        static_assert( std::is_invocable_r_v<void, _Function, std::optional<Error>>
+                     , "Property set callback function must accept std::optional<Error> only" );
+
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("Set")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_, std::move(value_))
+                     .uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+    }
+
+    inline std::future<void> AsyncPropertySetter::getResultAsFuture()
+    {
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("Set")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_, std::move(value_))
+                     .getResultAsFuture<>();
+    }
+
+    /*** ------------------- ***/
+    /*** AllPropertiesGetter ***/
+    /*** ------------------- ***/
+
+    inline AllPropertiesGetter::AllPropertiesGetter(IProxy& proxy)
+        : proxy_(proxy)
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline std::map<PropertyName, Variant> AllPropertiesGetter::onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName)
+    {
+        std::map<PropertyName, Variant> props;
+        proxy_.callMethod("GetAll")
+              .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+              .withArguments(std::move(interfaceName))
+              .storeResultsTo(props);
+        return props;
+    }
+
+    /*** ------------------------ ***/
+    /*** AsyncAllPropertiesGetter ***/
+    /*** ------------------------ ***/
+
+    inline AsyncAllPropertiesGetter::AsyncAllPropertiesGetter(IProxy& proxy)
+            : proxy_(proxy)
+    {
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncAllPropertiesGetter& AsyncAllPropertiesGetter::onInterface(std::string_view interfaceName)
+    {
+        interfaceName_ = std::move(interfaceName);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    PendingAsyncCall AsyncAllPropertiesGetter::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        static_assert( std::is_invocable_r_v<void, _Function, std::optional<Error>, std::map<PropertyName, Variant>>
+                     , "All properties get callback function must accept std::optional<Error> and a map of property names to their values" );
+
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("GetAll")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_)
+                     .uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    [[nodiscard]] Slot AsyncAllPropertiesGetter::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+    {
+        static_assert( std::is_invocable_r_v<void, _Function, std::optional<Error>, std::map<PropertyName, Variant>>
+                     , "All properties get callback function must accept std::optional<Error> and a map of property names to their values" );
+
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("GetAll")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_)
+                     .uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+    }
+
+    inline std::future<std::map<PropertyName, Variant>> AsyncAllPropertiesGetter::getResultAsFuture()
+    {
+        assert(!interfaceName_.empty()); // onInterface() must be placed/called prior to this function
+
+        return proxy_.callMethodAsync("GetAll")
+                     .onInterface(DBUS_PROPERTIES_INTERFACE_NAME)
+                     .withArguments(interfaceName_)
+                     .getResultAsFuture<std::map<PropertyName, Variant>>();
+    }
+
+} // namespace sdbus
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CPP_CONVENIENCEAPICLASSES_INL_ */

include/sdbus-c++/ConvenienceClasses.h

@@ -1,233 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file ConvenienceClasses.h
- *
- * Created on: Jan 19, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_CONVENIENCECLASSES_H_
-#define SDBUS_CXX_CONVENIENCECLASSES_H_
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Flags.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <type_traits>
-
-// Forward declarations
-namespace sdbus {
-    class IObject;
-    class IObjectProxy;
-    class Variant;
-    class Error;
-}
-
-namespace sdbus {
-
-    class MethodRegistrator
-    {
-    public:
-        MethodRegistrator(IObject& object, const std::string& methodName);
-        MethodRegistrator(MethodRegistrator&& other) = default;
-        MethodRegistrator& operator=(MethodRegistrator&& other) = default;
-        ~MethodRegistrator() noexcept(false);
-
-        MethodRegistrator& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
-        template <typename _Function>
-        std::enable_if_t<!is_async_method_v<_Function>, MethodRegistrator&> implementedAs(_Function&& callback);
-        template <typename _Function>
-        std::enable_if_t<is_async_method_v<_Function>, MethodRegistrator&> implementedAs(_Function&& callback);
-        MethodRegistrator& markAsDeprecated();
-        MethodRegistrator& markAsPrivileged();
-        MethodRegistrator& withNoReply();
-
-    private:
-        IObject& object_;
-        const std::string& methodName_;
-        std::string interfaceName_;
-        std::string inputSignature_;
-        std::string outputSignature_;
-        method_callback syncCallback_;
-        async_method_callback asyncCallback_;
-        Flags flags_;
-        int exceptions_{}; // Number of active exceptions when SignalRegistrator is constructed
-    };
-
-    class SignalRegistrator
-    {
-    public:
-        SignalRegistrator(IObject& object, const std::string& signalName);
-        SignalRegistrator(SignalRegistrator&& other) = default;
-        SignalRegistrator& operator=(SignalRegistrator&& other) = default;
-        ~SignalRegistrator() noexcept(false);
-
-        SignalRegistrator& onInterface(std::string interfaceName);
-        template <typename... _Args> SignalRegistrator& withParameters();
-        SignalRegistrator& markAsDeprecated();
-
-    private:
-        IObject& object_;
-        const std::string& signalName_;
-        std::string interfaceName_;
-        std::string signalSignature_;
-        Flags flags_;
-        int exceptions_{}; // Number of active exceptions when SignalRegistrator is constructed
-    };
-
-    class PropertyRegistrator
-    {
-    public:
-        PropertyRegistrator(IObject& object, const std::string& propertyName);
-        PropertyRegistrator(PropertyRegistrator&& other) = default;
-        PropertyRegistrator& operator=(PropertyRegistrator&& other) = default;
-        ~PropertyRegistrator() noexcept(false);
-
-        PropertyRegistrator& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
-        template <typename _Function> PropertyRegistrator& withGetter(_Function&& callback);
-        template <typename _Function> PropertyRegistrator& withSetter(_Function&& callback);
-        PropertyRegistrator& markAsDeprecated();
-        PropertyRegistrator& markAsPrivileged();
-        PropertyRegistrator& withUpdateBehavior(Flags::PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags behavior);
-
-    private:
-        IObject& object_;
-        const std::string& propertyName_;
-        std::string interfaceName_;
-        std::string propertySignature_;
-        property_get_callback getter_;
-        property_set_callback setter_;
-        Flags flags_;
-        int exceptions_{}; // Number of active exceptions when PropertyRegistrator is constructed
-    };
-
-    class InterfaceFlagsSetter
-    {
-    public:
-        InterfaceFlagsSetter(IObject& object, const std::string& interfaceName);
-        InterfaceFlagsSetter(InterfaceFlagsSetter&& other) = default;
-        InterfaceFlagsSetter& operator=(InterfaceFlagsSetter&& other) = default;
-        ~InterfaceFlagsSetter() noexcept(false);
-
-        InterfaceFlagsSetter& markAsDeprecated();
-        InterfaceFlagsSetter& markAsPrivileged();
-        InterfaceFlagsSetter& withNoReplyMethods();
-        InterfaceFlagsSetter& withPropertyUpdateBehavior(Flags::PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags behavior);
-
-    private:
-        IObject& object_;
-        const std::string& interfaceName_;
-        Flags flags_;
-        int exceptions_{}; // Number of active exceptions when InterfaceFlagsSetter is constructed
-    };
-
-    class SignalEmitter
-    {
-    public:
-        SignalEmitter(IObject& object, const std::string& signalName);
-        SignalEmitter(SignalEmitter&& other) = default;
-        SignalEmitter& operator=(SignalEmitter&& other) = default;
-        ~SignalEmitter() noexcept(false);
-        SignalEmitter& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
-        template <typename... _Args> void withArguments(_Args&&... args);
-
-    private:
-        IObject& object_;
-        const std::string& signalName_;
-        Signal signal_;
-        int exceptions_{}; // Number of active exceptions when SignalEmitter is constructed
-    };
-
-    class MethodInvoker
-    {
-    public:
-        MethodInvoker(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& methodName);
-        MethodInvoker(MethodInvoker&& other) = default;
-        MethodInvoker& operator=(MethodInvoker&& other) = default;
-        ~MethodInvoker() noexcept(false);
-
-        MethodInvoker& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
-        template <typename... _Args> MethodInvoker& withArguments(_Args&&... args);
-        template <typename... _Args> void storeResultsTo(_Args&... args);
-
-        void dontExpectReply();
-
-    private:
-        IObjectProxy& objectProxy_;
-        const std::string& methodName_;
-        MethodCall method_;
-        int exceptions_{}; // Number of active exceptions when MethodInvoker is constructed
-        bool methodCalled_{};
-    };
-
-    class AsyncMethodInvoker
-    {
-    public:
-        AsyncMethodInvoker(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& methodName);
-        AsyncMethodInvoker& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
-        template <typename... _Args> AsyncMethodInvoker& withArguments(_Args&&... args);
-        template <typename _Function> void uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback);
-
-    private:
-        IObjectProxy& objectProxy_;
-        const std::string& methodName_;
-        AsyncMethodCall method_;
-    };
-
-    class SignalSubscriber
-    {
-    public:
-        SignalSubscriber(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& signalName);
-        SignalSubscriber& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
-        template <typename _Function> void call(_Function&& callback);
-
-    private:
-        IObjectProxy& objectProxy_;
-        std::string signalName_;
-        std::string interfaceName_;
-    };
-
-    class PropertyGetter
-    {
-    public:
-        PropertyGetter(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& propertyName);
-        sdbus::Variant onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
-
-    private:
-        IObjectProxy& objectProxy_;
-        std::string propertyName_;
-    };
-
-    class PropertySetter
-    {
-    public:
-        PropertySetter(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& propertyName);
-        PropertySetter& onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName);
-        template <typename _Value> void toValue(const _Value& value);
-
-    private:
-        IObjectProxy& objectProxy_;
-        const std::string& propertyName_;
-        std::string interfaceName_;
-    };
-
-}
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_CONVENIENCECLASSES_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/ConvenienceClasses.inl

@@ -1,612 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file ConvenienceClasses.inl
- *
- * Created on: Dec 19, 2016
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CPP_CONVENIENCECLASSES_INL_
-#define SDBUS_CPP_CONVENIENCECLASSES_INL_
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObjectProxy.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/MethodResult.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-/*#include <exception>*/
-
-namespace sdbus {
-
-    // Moved into the library to isolate from C++17 dependency
-    /*
-    inline MethodRegistrator::MethodRegistrator(IObject& object, const std::string& methodName)
-        : object_(object)
-        , methodName_(methodName)
-        , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions()) // Needs C++17
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline MethodRegistrator::~MethodRegistrator() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-    {                                                              // explicitly be allowed to throw
-        // Don't register the method if MethodRegistrator threw an exception in one of its methods
-        if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-            return;
-
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when registering a DBus method", EINVAL);
-
-        // registerMethod() can throw. But as the MethodRegistrator shall always be used as an unnamed,
-        // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-        // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-        // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-        // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-        // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-        // Therefore, we can allow registerMethod() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-        // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-        // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-        if (syncCallback_)
-            object_.registerMethod(interfaceName_, methodName_, inputSignature_, outputSignature_, std::move(syncCallback_));
-        else if(asyncCallback_)
-            object_.registerMethod(interfaceName_, methodName_, inputSignature_, outputSignature_, std::move(asyncCallback_));
-        else
-            SDBUS_THROW_ERROR("Method handler not specified when registering a DBus method", EINVAL);
-    }
-    */
-
-    inline MethodRegistrator& MethodRegistrator::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        interfaceName_ = interfaceName;
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename _Function>
-    inline std::enable_if_t<!is_async_method_v<_Function>, MethodRegistrator&> MethodRegistrator::implementedAs(_Function&& callback)
-    {
-        inputSignature_ = signature_of_function_input_arguments<_Function>::str();
-        outputSignature_ = signature_of_function_output_arguments<_Function>::str();
-        syncCallback_ = [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](MethodCall& msg, MethodReply& reply)
-        {
-            // Create a tuple of callback input arguments' types, which will be used
-            // as a storage for the argument values deserialized from the message.
-            tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function> inputArgs;
-
-            // Deserialize input arguments from the message into the tuple
-            msg >> inputArgs;
-
-            // Invoke callback with input arguments from the tuple.
-            // For callbacks returning a non-void value, `apply' also returns that value.
-            // For callbacks returning void, `apply' returns an empty tuple.
-            auto ret = sdbus::apply(callback, inputArgs); // We don't yet have C++17's std::apply :-(
-
-            // The return value is stored to the reply message.
-            // In case of void functions, ret is an empty tuple and thus nothing is stored.
-            reply << ret;
-        };
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename _Function>
-    inline std::enable_if_t<is_async_method_v<_Function>, MethodRegistrator&> MethodRegistrator::implementedAs(_Function&& callback)
-    {
-        inputSignature_ = signature_of_function_input_arguments<_Function>::str();
-        outputSignature_ = signature_of_function_output_arguments<_Function>::str();
-        asyncCallback_ = [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](MethodCall msg, MethodResult&& result)
-        {
-            // Create a tuple of callback input arguments' types, which will be used
-            // as a storage for the argument values deserialized from the message.
-            tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function> inputArgs;
-
-            // Deserialize input arguments from the message into the tuple.
-            msg >> inputArgs;
-
-            // Invoke callback with input arguments from the tuple.
-            sdbus::apply(callback, std::move(result), std::move(inputArgs)); // TODO: Use std::apply when switching to full C++17 support
-        };
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline MethodRegistrator& MethodRegistrator::markAsDeprecated()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::DEPRECATED);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline MethodRegistrator& MethodRegistrator::markAsPrivileged()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::PRIVILEGED);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline MethodRegistrator& MethodRegistrator::withNoReply()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::METHOD_NO_REPLY);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-
-    // Moved into the library to isolate from C++17 dependency
-    /*
-    inline SignalRegistrator::SignalRegistrator(IObject& object, std::string signalName)
-        : object_(object)
-        , signalName_(std::move(signalName))
-        , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline SignalRegistrator::~SignalRegistrator() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-    {                                                              // explicitly be allowed to throw
-        // Don't register the signal if SignalRegistrator threw an exception in one of its methods
-        if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-            return;
-
-        if (interfaceName_.empty())
-            throw sdbus::Exception("DBus interface not specified when registering a DBus signal");
-
-        // registerSignal() can throw. But as the SignalRegistrator shall always be used as an unnamed,
-        // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-        // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-        // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-        // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-        // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-        // Therefore, we can allow registerSignal() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-        // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-        // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-        object_.registerSignal(interfaceName_, signalName_, signalSignature_);
-    }
-    */
-
-    inline SignalRegistrator& SignalRegistrator::onInterface(std::string interfaceName)
-    {
-        interfaceName_ = std::move(interfaceName);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Args>
-    inline SignalRegistrator& SignalRegistrator::withParameters()
-    {
-        signalSignature_ = signature_of_function_input_arguments<void(_Args...)>::str();
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline SignalRegistrator& SignalRegistrator::markAsDeprecated()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::DEPRECATED);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-
-    // Moved into the library to isolate from C++17 dependency
-    /*
-    inline PropertyRegistrator::PropertyRegistrator(IObject& object, std::string propertyName)
-        : object_(object)
-        , propertyName_(std::move(propertyName))
-        , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline PropertyRegistrator::~PropertyRegistrator() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-    {                                                                  // explicitly be allowed to throw
-        // Don't register the property if PropertyRegistrator threw an exception in one of its methods
-        if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-            return;
-
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when registering a DBus property", EINVAL);
-
-        // registerProperty() can throw. But as the PropertyRegistrator shall always be used as an unnamed,
-        // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-        // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-        // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-        // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-        // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-        // Therefore, we can allow registerProperty() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-        // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-        // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-        object_.registerProperty( std::move(interfaceName_)
-                                , std::move(propertyName_)
-                                , std::move(propertySignature_)
-                                , std::move(getter_)
-                                , std::move(setter_) );
-    }
-    */
-
-    inline PropertyRegistrator& PropertyRegistrator::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        interfaceName_ = interfaceName;
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename _Function>
-    inline PropertyRegistrator& PropertyRegistrator::withGetter(_Function&& callback)
-    {
-        static_assert(function_traits<_Function>::arity == 0, "Property getter function must not take any arguments");
-        static_assert(!std::is_void<function_result_t<_Function>>::value, "Property getter function must return property value");
-
-        if (propertySignature_.empty())
-            propertySignature_ = signature_of_function_output_arguments<_Function>::str();
-
-        getter_ = [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](Message& msg)
-        {
-            // Get the propety value and serialize it into the message
-            msg << callback();
-        };
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename _Function>
-    inline PropertyRegistrator& PropertyRegistrator::withSetter(_Function&& callback)
-    {
-        static_assert(function_traits<_Function>::arity == 1, "Property setter function must take one parameter - the property value");
-        static_assert(std::is_void<function_result_t<_Function>>::value, "Property setter function must not return any value");
-
-        if (propertySignature_.empty())
-            propertySignature_ = signature_of_function_input_arguments<_Function>::str();
-
-        setter_ = [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](Message& msg)
-        {
-            // Default-construct property value
-            using property_type = function_argument_t<_Function, 0>;
-            std::decay_t<property_type> property;
-
-            // Deserialize property value from the message
-            msg >> property;
-
-            // Invoke setter with the value
-            callback(property);
-        };
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline PropertyRegistrator& PropertyRegistrator::markAsDeprecated()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::DEPRECATED);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline PropertyRegistrator& PropertyRegistrator::markAsPrivileged()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::PRIVILEGED);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline PropertyRegistrator& PropertyRegistrator::withUpdateBehavior(Flags::PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags behavior)
-    {
-        flags_.set(behavior);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-
-    // Moved into the library to isolate from C++17 dependency
-    /*
-    inline InterfaceFlagsSetter::InterfaceFlagsSetter(IObject& object, const std::string& interfaceName)
-        : object_(object)
-        , interfaceName_(interfaceName)
-        , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline InterfaceFlagsSetter::~InterfaceFlagsSetter() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-    {                                                                    // explicitly be allowed to throw
-        // Don't set any flags if InterfaceFlagsSetter threw an exception in one of its methods
-        if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-            return;
-
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when setting its flags", EINVAL);
-
-        // setInterfaceFlags() can throw. But as the InterfaceFlagsSetter shall always be used as an unnamed,
-        // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-        // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-        // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-        // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-        // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-        // Therefore, we can allow setInterfaceFlags() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-        // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-        // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-        object_.setInterfaceFlags( std::move(interfaceName_)
-                                 , std::move(flags_) );
-    }
-    */
-
-    inline InterfaceFlagsSetter& InterfaceFlagsSetter::markAsDeprecated()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::DEPRECATED);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline InterfaceFlagsSetter& InterfaceFlagsSetter::markAsPrivileged()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::PRIVILEGED);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline InterfaceFlagsSetter& InterfaceFlagsSetter::withNoReplyMethods()
-    {
-        flags_.set(Flags::METHOD_NO_REPLY);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    inline InterfaceFlagsSetter& InterfaceFlagsSetter::withPropertyUpdateBehavior(Flags::PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags behavior)
-    {
-        flags_.set(behavior);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-
-    // Moved into the library to isolate from C++17 dependency
-    /*
-    inline SignalEmitter::SignalEmitter(IObject& object, const std::string& signalName)
-        : object_(object)
-        , signalName_(signalName)
-        , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline SignalEmitter::~SignalEmitter() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-    {                                                      // explicitly be allowed to throw
-        // Don't emit the signal if SignalEmitter threw an exception in one of its methods
-        if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-            return;
-
-        if (!signal_.isValid())
-            throw sdbus::Exception("DBus interface not specified when emitting a DBus signal");
-
-        // emitSignal() can throw. But as the SignalEmitter shall always be used as an unnamed,
-        // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-        // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-        // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-        // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-        // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-        // Therefore, we can allow emitSignal() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-        // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-        // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-        object_.emitSignal(signal_);
-    }
-    */
-
-    inline SignalEmitter& SignalEmitter::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        signal_ = object_.createSignal(interfaceName, signalName_);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Args>
-    inline void SignalEmitter::withArguments(_Args&&... args)
-    {
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!signal_.isValid(), "DBus interface not specified when emitting a DBus signal", EINVAL);
-
-        detail::serialize_pack(signal_, std::forward<_Args>(args)...);
-    }
-
-
-    // Moved into the library to isolate from C++17 dependency
-    /*
-    inline MethodInvoker::MethodInvoker(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& methodName)
-        : objectProxy_(objectProxy)
-        , methodName_(methodName)
-        , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline MethodInvoker::~MethodInvoker() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-    {                                                      // explicitly be allowed to throw
-        // Don't call the method if it has been called already or if MethodInvoker
-        // threw an exception in one of its methods
-        if (methodCalled_ || std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-            return;
-
-        if (!method_.isValid())
-            throw sdbus::Exception("DBus interface not specified when calling a DBus method");
-
-        // callMethod() can throw. But as the MethodInvoker shall always be used as an unnamed,
-        // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-        // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-        // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-        // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-        // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-        // Therefore, we can allow callMethod() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-        // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-        // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-        objectProxy_.callMethod(method_);
-    }
-    */
-
-    inline MethodInvoker& MethodInvoker::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        method_ = objectProxy_.createMethodCall(interfaceName, methodName_);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Args>
-    inline MethodInvoker& MethodInvoker::withArguments(_Args&&... args)
-    {
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!method_.isValid(), "DBus interface not specified when calling a DBus method", EINVAL);
-
-        detail::serialize_pack(method_, std::forward<_Args>(args)...);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Args>
-    inline void MethodInvoker::storeResultsTo(_Args&... args)
-    {
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!method_.isValid(), "DBus interface not specified when calling a DBus method", EINVAL);
-
-        auto reply = objectProxy_.callMethod(method_);
-        methodCalled_ = true;
-
-        detail::deserialize_pack(reply, args...);
-    }
-
-    inline void MethodInvoker::dontExpectReply()
-    {
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!method_.isValid(), "DBus interface not specified when calling a DBus method", EINVAL);
-
-        method_.dontExpectReply();
-    }
-
-
-    inline AsyncMethodInvoker::AsyncMethodInvoker(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& methodName)
-        : objectProxy_(objectProxy)
-        , methodName_(methodName)
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline AsyncMethodInvoker& AsyncMethodInvoker::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        method_ = objectProxy_.createAsyncMethodCall(interfaceName, methodName_);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Args>
-    inline AsyncMethodInvoker& AsyncMethodInvoker::withArguments(_Args&&... args)
-    {
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!method_.isValid(), "DBus interface not specified when calling a DBus method", EINVAL);
-
-        detail::serialize_pack(method_, std::forward<_Args>(args)...);
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename _Function>
-    void AsyncMethodInvoker::uponReplyInvoke(_Function&& callback)
-    {
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!method_.isValid(), "DBus interface not specified when calling a DBus method", EINVAL);
-
-        objectProxy_.callMethod(method_, [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](MethodReply& reply, const Error* error)
-        {
-            // Create a tuple of callback input arguments' types, which will be used
-            // as a storage for the argument values deserialized from the message.
-            tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function> args;
-
-            // Deserialize input arguments from the message into the tuple (if no error occurred).
-            if (error == nullptr)
-                reply >> args;
-
-            // Invoke callback with input arguments from the tuple.
-            sdbus::apply(callback, error, args); // TODO: Use std::apply when switching to full C++17 support
-        });
-    }
-
-
-    inline SignalSubscriber::SignalSubscriber(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& signalName)
-        : objectProxy_(objectProxy)
-        , signalName_(signalName)
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline SignalSubscriber& SignalSubscriber::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        interfaceName_ = interfaceName;
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename _Function>
-    inline void SignalSubscriber::call(_Function&& callback)
-    {
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when subscribing to a signal", EINVAL);
-
-        objectProxy_.registerSignalHandler( interfaceName_
-                                          , signalName_
-                                          , [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](Signal& signal)
-        {
-            // Create a tuple of callback input arguments' types, which will be used
-            // as a storage for the argument values deserialized from the signal message.
-            tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function> signalArgs;
-
-            // Deserialize input arguments from the signal message into the tuple
-            signal >> signalArgs;
-
-            // Invoke callback with input arguments from the tuple.
-            sdbus::apply(callback, signalArgs); // We don't yet have C++17's std::apply :-(
-        });
-    }
-
-
-    inline PropertyGetter::PropertyGetter(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& propertyName)
-        : objectProxy_(objectProxy)
-        , propertyName_(propertyName)
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline sdbus::Variant PropertyGetter::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        sdbus::Variant var;
-        objectProxy_
-            .callMethod("Get")
-            .onInterface("org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties")
-            .withArguments(interfaceName, propertyName_)
-            .storeResultsTo(var);
-        return var;
-    }
-
-
-    inline PropertySetter::PropertySetter(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& propertyName)
-        : objectProxy_(objectProxy)
-        , propertyName_(propertyName)
-    {
-    }
-
-    inline PropertySetter& PropertySetter::onInterface(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        interfaceName_ = interfaceName;
-
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    template <typename _Value>
-    inline void PropertySetter::toValue(const _Value& value)
-    {
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when setting a property", EINVAL);
-
-        objectProxy_
-            .callMethod("Set")
-            .onInterface("org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties")
-            .withArguments(interfaceName_, propertyName_, sdbus::Variant{value});
-    }
-
-}
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CPP_CONVENIENCECLASSES_INL_ */

include/sdbus-c++/Error.h

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
- * @file ConvenienceClasses.h
+ * @file Error.h
  *
  * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
  * Project: sdbus-c++
@@ -26,7 +27,9 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_ERROR_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_ERROR_H_
 
+#include <errno.h>
 #include <stdexcept>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
@@ -40,34 +43,56 @@ namespace sdbus {
         : public std::runtime_error
     {
     public:
-        Error(const std::string& name, const std::string& message)
-            : std::runtime_error("[" + name + "] " + message)
-            , name_(name)
-            , message_(message)
+        // Strong type representing the D-Bus error name
+        class Name : public std::string
+        {
+        public:
+            Name() = default;
+            explicit Name(std::string value)
+                : std::string(std::move(value))
+            {}
+            explicit Name(const char* value)
+                : std::string(value)
+            {}
+
+            using std::string::operator=;
+        };
+
+        explicit Error(Name name, const char* message = nullptr)
+            : Error(std::move(name), std::string(message ? message : ""))
         {
         }
 
-        const std::string& getName() const
+        Error(Name name, std::string message)
+            : std::runtime_error("[" + name + "] " + message)
+            , name_(std::move(name))
+            , message_(std::move(message))
+        {
+        }
+
+        [[nodiscard]] const Name& getName() const
         {
             return name_;
         }
 
-        const std::string& getMessage() const
+        [[nodiscard]] const std::string& getMessage() const
         {
             return message_;
         }
 
-        bool isValid() const
+        [[nodiscard]] bool isValid() const
         {
             return !getName().empty();
         }
 
     private:
-        std::string name_;
+        Name name_;
         std::string message_;
     };
 
-    sdbus::Error createError(int errNo, const std::string& customMsg);
+    Error createError(int errNo, std::string customMsg);
+
+    inline const Error::Name SDBUSCPP_ERROR_NAME{"org.sdbuscpp.Error"};
 }
 
 #define SDBUS_THROW_ERROR(_MSG, _ERRNO)                         \

include/sdbus-c++/Flags.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Flags.h
  *
@@ -73,26 +74,26 @@ namespace sdbus {
             flags_.set(flag, value);
         }
 
-        bool test(GeneralFlags flag) const
+        [[nodiscard]] bool test(GeneralFlags flag) const
         {
             return flags_.test(flag);
         }
 
-        bool test(PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags flag) const
+        [[nodiscard]] bool test(PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags flag) const
         {
             return flags_.test(flag);
         }
 
-        uint64_t toSdBusInterfaceFlags() const;
-        uint64_t toSdBusMethodFlags() const;
-        uint64_t toSdBusSignalFlags() const;
-        uint64_t toSdBusPropertyFlags() const;
-        uint64_t toSdBusWritablePropertyFlags() const;
+        [[nodiscard]] uint64_t toSdBusInterfaceFlags() const;
+        [[nodiscard]] uint64_t toSdBusMethodFlags() const;
+        [[nodiscard]] uint64_t toSdBusSignalFlags() const;
+        [[nodiscard]] uint64_t toSdBusPropertyFlags() const;
+        [[nodiscard]] uint64_t toSdBusWritablePropertyFlags() const;
 
     private:
         std::bitset<FLAG_COUNT> flags_;
     };
-    
+
 }
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_FLAGS_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/IConnection.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file IConnection.h
  *
@@ -26,9 +27,23 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_ICONNECTION_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_ICONNECTION_H_
 
-//#include <cstdint>
-#include <string>
+#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+
+// Forward declarations
+struct sd_bus;
+struct sd_event;
+namespace sdbus {
+    class Message;
+    class ObjectPath;
+    class BusName;
+    using ServiceName = BusName;
+}
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
@@ -36,122 +51,534 @@ namespace sdbus {
      * @class IConnection
      *
      * An interface to D-Bus bus connection. Incorporates implementation
-     * of both synchronous and asynchronous processing loop.
+     * of both synchronous and asynchronous D-Bus I/O event loop.
      *
-     * All methods throw @sdbus::Error in case of failure. The class is
-     * thread-aware, but not thread-safe.
+     * All methods throw sdbus::Error in case of failure. All methods in
+     * this class are thread-aware, but not thread-safe.
      *
      ***********************************************/
     class IConnection
     {
     public:
-        /*!
-        * @brief Requests D-Bus name on the connection
-        *
-        * @param[in] name Name to request
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void requestName(const std::string& name) = 0;
+        struct PollData;
+
+        virtual ~IConnection() = default;
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Releases D-Bus name on the connection
-        *
-        * @param[in] name Name to release
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void releaseName(const std::string& name) = 0;
+         * @brief Enters I/O event loop on this bus connection
+         *
+         * The incoming D-Bus messages are processed in the loop. The method
+         * blocks indefinitely, until unblocked through leaveEventLoop().
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void enterEventLoop() = 0;
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Enters the D-Bus processing loop
-        *
-        * The incoming D-Bus messages are processed in the loop. The method
-        * blocks indefinitely, until unblocked via @leaveProcessingLoop.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void enterProcessingLoop() = 0;
+         * @brief Enters I/O event loop on this bus connection in a separate thread
+         *
+         * The same as enterEventLoop, except that it doesn't block
+         * because it runs the loop in a separate, internally managed thread.
+         */
+        virtual void enterEventLoopAsync() = 0;
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Enters the D-Bus processing loop in a separate thread
-        *
-        * The same as @enterProcessingLoop, except that it doesn't block
-        * because it runs the loop in a separate thread managed internally.
-        */
-        virtual void enterProcessingLoopAsync() = 0;
+         * @brief Leaves the I/O event loop running on this bus connection
+         *
+         * This causes the loop to exit and frees the thread serving the loop
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void leaveEventLoop() = 0;
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Leaves the D-Bus processing loop
-        *
-        * Ends the previously started processing loop.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void leaveProcessingLoop() = 0;
+         * @brief Attaches the bus connection to an sd-event event loop
+         *
+         * @param[in] event sd-event event loop object
+         * @param[in] priority Specified priority
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         *
+         * See `man sd_bus_attach_event'.
+         */
+        virtual void attachSdEventLoop(sd_event *event, int priority = 0) = 0;
 
-        inline virtual ~IConnection() = 0;
+        /*!
+         * @brief Detaches the bus connection from an sd-event event loop
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void detachSdEventLoop() = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Gets current sd-event event loop for the bus connection
+         *
+         * @return Pointer to event loop object if attached, nullptr otherwise
+         */
+        virtual sd_event *getSdEventLoop() = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Returns fd's, I/O events and timeout data to be used in an external event loop
+         *
+         * This function is useful to hook up a bus connection object with an
+         * external (like GMainLoop, boost::asio, etc.) or manual event loop
+         * involving poll() or a similar I/O polling call.
+         *
+         * Before **each** invocation of the I/O polling call, this function
+         * should be invoked. Returned PollData::fd file descriptor should
+         * be polled for the events indicated by PollData::events, and the I/O
+         * call should block for that up to the returned PollData::timeout.
+         *
+         * Additionally, returned PollData::eventFd should be polled for POLLIN
+         * events.
+         *
+         * After each I/O polling call the bus connection needs to process
+         * incoming or outgoing data, by invoking processPendingEvent().
+         *
+         * Note that the returned timeout should be considered only a maximum
+         * sleeping time. It is permissible (and even expected) that shorter
+         * timeouts are used by the calling program, in case other event sources
+         * are polled in the same event loop. Note that the returned time-value
+         * is absolute, based of CLOCK_MONOTONIC and specified in microseconds.
+         * Use PollData::getPollTimeout() to have the timeout value converted
+         * in a form that can be passed to poll(2).
+         *
+         * The bus connection conveniently integrates sd-event event loop.
+         * To attach the bus connection to an sd-event event loop, use
+         * attachSdEventLoop() function.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual PollData getEventLoopPollData() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Processes a pending event
+         *
+         * @returns True if an event was processed, false if no operations were pending
+         *
+         * This function drives the D-Bus connection. It processes pending I/O events.
+         * Queued outgoing messages (or parts thereof) are sent out. Queued incoming
+         * messages are dispatched to registered callbacks. Timeouts are recalculated.
+         *
+         * It returns false when no operations were pending and true if a message was
+         * processed. When false is returned the caller should synchronously poll for
+         * I/O events before calling into processPendingEvent() again.
+         * Don't forget to call getEventLoopPollData() each time before the next poll.
+         *
+         * You don't need to directly call this method or getEventLoopPollData() method
+         * when using convenient, internal bus connection event loops through
+         * enterEventLoop() or enterEventLoopAsync() calls, or when the bus is
+         * connected to an sd-event event loop through attachSdEventLoop().
+         * It is invoked automatically when necessary.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual bool processPendingEvent() = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Provides access to the currently processed D-Bus message
+         *
+         * This method provides access to the currently processed incoming D-Bus message.
+         * "Currently processed" means that the registered callback handler(s) for that message
+         * are being invoked. This method is meant to be called from within a callback handler
+         * (e.g. from a D-Bus signal handler, or async method reply handler, etc.). In such a case it is
+         * guaranteed to return a valid D-Bus message instance for which the handler is called.
+         * If called from other contexts/threads, it may return a valid or invalid message, depending
+         * on whether a message was processed or not at the time of the call.
+         *
+         * @return Currently processed D-Bus message
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Message getCurrentlyProcessedMessage() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Sets general method call timeout
+         *
+         * @param[in] timeout Timeout value in microseconds
+         *
+         * General method call timeout is used for all method calls upon this connection.
+         * Method call-specific timeout overrides this general setting.
+         *
+         * Supported by libsystemd>=v240.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void setMethodCallTimeout(uint64_t timeout) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IConnection::setMethodCallTimeout(uint64_t)
+         */
+        template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+        void setMethodCallTimeout(const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Gets general method call timeout
+         *
+         * @return Timeout value in microseconds
+         *
+         * Supported by libsystemd>=v240.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual uint64_t getMethodCallTimeout() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Adds an ObjectManager at the specified D-Bus object path
+         * @param[in] objectPath Object path at which the ObjectManager interface shall be installed
+         *
+         * Creates an ObjectManager interface at the specified object path on
+         * the connection. This is a convenient way to interrogate a connection
+         * to see what objects it has.
+         *
+         * This call creates a floating registration. The ObjectManager will
+         * be there for the object path until the connection is destroyed.
+         *
+         * Another, recommended way to add object managers is directly through IObject API.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void addObjectManager(const ObjectPath& objectPath) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Adds an ObjectManager at the specified D-Bus object path
+         * @param[in] objectPath Object path at which the ObjectManager interface shall be installed
+         * @return Slot handle owning the registration
+         *
+         * Creates an ObjectManager interface at the specified object path on
+         * the connection. This is a convenient way to interrogate a connection
+         * to see what objects it has.
+         *
+         * This call returns an owning slot. The lifetime of the ObjectManager
+         * interface is bound to the lifetime of the returned slot instance.
+         *
+         * Another, recommended way to add object managers is directly through IObject API.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot addObjectManager(const ObjectPath& objectPath, return_slot_t) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Installs a floating match rule for messages received on this bus connection
+         *
+         * @param[in] match Match expression to filter incoming D-Bus message
+         * @param[in] callback Callback handler to be called upon processing an inbound D-Bus message matching the rule
+         *
+         * The method installs a match rule for messages received on the specified bus connection.
+         * The syntax of the match rule expression passed in match is described in the D-Bus specification.
+         * The specified handler function callback is called for each incoming message matching the specified
+         * expression. The match is installed synchronously when connected to a bus broker, i.e. the call
+         * sends a control message requesting the match to be added to the broker and waits until the broker
+         * confirms the match has been installed successfully.
+         *
+         * The method installs a floating match rule for messages received on the specified bus connection.
+         * Floating means that the bus connection object owns the match rule, i.e. lifetime of the match rule
+         * is bound to the lifetime of the bus connection.
+         *
+         * For more information, consult `man sd_bus_add_match`.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void addMatch(const std::string& match, message_handler callback) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Installs a match rule for messages received on this bus connection
+         *
+         * @param[in] match Match expression to filter incoming D-Bus message
+         * @param[in] callback Callback handler to be called upon processing an inbound D-Bus message matching the rule
+         * @return RAII-style slot handle representing the ownership of the subscription
+         *
+         * The method installs a match rule for messages received on the specified bus connection.
+         * The syntax of the match rule expression passed in match is described in the D-Bus specification.
+         * The specified handler function callback is called for each incoming message matching the specified
+         * expression. The match is installed synchronously when connected to a bus broker, i.e. the call
+         * sends a control message requesting the match to be added to the broker and waits until the broker
+         * confirms the match has been installed successfully.
+         *
+         * The lifetime of the match rule is bound to the lifetime of the returned slot instance. Destroying
+         * the slot instance implies uninstalling of the match rule from the bus connection.
+         *
+         * For more information, consult `man sd_bus_add_match`.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot addMatch(const std::string& match, message_handler callback, return_slot_t) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Asynchronously installs a floating match rule for messages received on this bus connection
+         *
+         * @param[in] match Match expression to filter incoming D-Bus message
+         * @param[in] callback Callback handler to be called upon processing an inbound D-Bus message matching the rule
+         * @param[in] installCallback Callback handler to be called upon processing an inbound D-Bus message matching the rule
+         *
+         * This method operates the same as `addMatch()` above, just that it installs the match rule asynchronously,
+         * in a non-blocking fashion. A request is sent to the broker, but the call does not wait for a response.
+         * The `installCallback' callable is called when the response is later received, with the response message
+         * from the broker as parameter. If it's an empty function object, a default implementation is used that
+         * terminates the bus connection should installing the match fail.
+         *
+         * The method installs a floating match rule for messages received on the specified bus connection.
+         * Floating means that the bus connection object owns the match rule, i.e. lifetime of the match rule
+         * is bound to the lifetime of the bus connection.
+         *
+         * For more information, consult `man sd_bus_add_match_async`.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void addMatchAsync(const std::string& match, message_handler callback, message_handler installCallback) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Asynchronously installs a match rule for messages received on this bus connection
+         *
+         * @param[in] match Match expression to filter incoming D-Bus message
+         * @param[in] callback Callback handler to be called upon processing an inbound D-Bus message matching the rule
+         * @param[in] installCallback Callback handler to be called upon processing an inbound D-Bus message matching the rule
+         * @return RAII-style slot handle representing the ownership of the subscription
+         *
+         * This method operates the same as `addMatch()` above, just that it installs the match rule asynchronously,
+         * in a non-blocking fashion. A request is sent to the broker, but the call does not wait for a response.
+         * The `installCallback' callable is called when the response is later received, with the response message
+         * from the broker as parameter. If it's an empty function object, a default implementation is used that
+         * terminates the bus connection should installing the match fail.
+         *
+         * The lifetime of the match rule is bound to the lifetime of the returned slot instance. Destroying
+         * the slot instance implies the uninstalling of the match rule from the bus connection.
+         *
+         * For more information, consult `man sd_bus_add_match_async`.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot addMatchAsync( const std::string& match
+                                                , message_handler callback
+                                                , message_handler installCallback
+                                                , return_slot_t ) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Retrieves the unique name of a connection. E.g. ":1.xx"
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual BusName getUniqueName() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Requests a well-known D-Bus service name on a bus
+         *
+         * @param[in] name Name to request
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void requestName(const ServiceName& name) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Releases an acquired well-known D-Bus service name on a bus
+         *
+         * @param[in] name Name to release
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void releaseName(const ServiceName& name) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @struct PollData
+         *
+         * Carries poll data needed for integration with external event loop implementations.
+         *
+         * See getEventLoopPollData() for more info.
+         */
+        struct PollData
+        {
+            /*!
+             * The read fd to be monitored by the event loop.
+             */
+            int fd;
+
+            /*!
+             * The events to use for poll(2) alongside fd.
+             */
+            short int events;
+
+            /*!
+             * Absolute timeout value in microseconds, based of CLOCK_MONOTONIC.
+             *
+             * Call getPollTimeout() to get timeout recalculated to relative timeout that can be passed to poll(2).
+             */
+            std::chrono::microseconds timeout;
+
+            /*!
+             * An additional event fd to be monitored by the event loop for POLLIN events.
+             */
+            int eventFd;
+
+            /*!
+             * Returns the timeout as relative value from now.
+             *
+             * Returned value is std::chrono::microseconds::max() if the timeout is indefinite.
+             *
+             * @return Relative timeout as a time duration
+             */
+            [[nodiscard]] std::chrono::microseconds getRelativeTimeout() const;
+
+            /*!
+             * Returns relative timeout in the form which can be passed as argument 'timeout' to poll(2)
+             *
+             * @return -1 if the timeout is indefinite. 0 if the poll(2) shouldn't block.
+             *         An integer in milliseconds otherwise.
+             */
+            [[nodiscard]] int getPollTimeout() const;
+        };
     };
 
-    IConnection::~IConnection() {}
+    template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+    inline void IConnection::setMethodCallTimeout(const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout)
+    {
+        auto microsecs = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout);
+        return setMethodCallTimeout(microsecs.count());
+    }
 
     /*!
-    * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus system connection
-    *
-    * @return Connection instance
-    *
-    * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createConnection();
+     * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus session bus connection when in a user context, and a system bus connection, otherwise.
+     *
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createBusConnection();
 
     /*!
-    * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus system connection with a name
-    *
-    * @param[in] name Name to request on the connection after its opening
-    * @return Connection instance
-    *
-    * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createConnection(const std::string& name);
+     * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus session bus connection with a name when in a user context, and a system bus connection with a name, otherwise.
+     *
+     * @param[in] name Name to request on the connection after its opening
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createBusConnection(const ServiceName& name);
 
     /*!
-    * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus system connection
-    *
-    * @return Connection instance
-    *
-    * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSystemBusConnection();
+     * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus system bus connection
+     *
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSystemBusConnection();
 
     /*!
-    * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus system connection with a name
-    *
-    * @param[in] name Name to request on the connection after its opening
-    * @return Connection instance
-    *
-    * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSystemBusConnection(const std::string& name);
+     * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus system bus connection with a name
+     *
+     * @param[in] name Name to request on the connection after its opening
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSystemBusConnection(const ServiceName& name);
 
     /*!
-    * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus session connection
-    *
-    * @return Connection instance
-    *
-    * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSessionBusConnection();
+     * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus session bus connection
+     *
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSessionBusConnection();
 
     /*!
-    * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus session connection with a name
-    *
-    * @param[in] name Name to request on the connection after its opening
-    * @return Connection instance
-    *
-    * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSessionBusConnection(const std::string& name);
+     * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus session bus connection with a name
+     *
+     * @param[in] name Name to request on the connection after its opening
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSessionBusConnection(const ServiceName& name);
 
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus session bus connection at a custom address
+     *
+     * @param[in] address ";"-separated list of addresses of bus brokers to try to connect
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     *
+     * Consult manual pages for `sd_bus_set_address` of the underlying sd-bus library for more information.
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createSessionBusConnectionWithAddress(const std::string& address);
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates/opens D-Bus system connection on a remote host using ssh
+     *
+     * @param[in] host Name of the host to connect
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createRemoteSystemBusConnection(const std::string& host);
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Opens direct D-Bus connection at a custom address
+     *
+     * @param[in] address ";"-separated list of addresses of bus brokers to try to connect to
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createDirectBusConnection(const std::string& address);
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Opens direct D-Bus connection at the given file descriptor
+     *
+     * @param[in] fd File descriptor used to communicate directly from/to a D-Bus server
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * The underlying sdbus-c++ connection instance takes over ownership of fd, so the caller can let it go.
+     * If, however, the call throws an exception, the ownership of fd remains with the caller.
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createDirectBusConnection(int fd);
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Opens direct D-Bus connection at fd as a server
+     *
+     * @param[in] fd File descriptor to use for server DBus connection
+     * @return Server connection instance
+     *
+     * This creates a new, custom bus object in server mode. One can then call createDirectBusConnection()
+     * on client side to connect to this bus.
+     *
+     * The underlying sdbus-c++ connection instance takes over ownership of fd, so the caller can let it go.
+     * If, however, the call throws an exception, the ownership of fd remains with the caller.
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createServerBus(int fd);
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates sdbus-c++ bus connection representation out of underlying sd_bus instance
+     *
+     * @param[in] bus File descriptor to use for server DBus connection
+     * @return Connection instance
+     *
+     * This functions is helpful in cases where clients need a custom, tweaked configuration of their
+     * bus object. Since sdbus-c++ does not provide C++ API for all bus connection configuration
+     * functions of the underlying sd-bus library, clients can use these sd-bus functions themselves
+     * to create and configure their sd_bus object, and create sdbus-c++ IConnection on top of it.
+     *
+     * The IConnection instance assumes unique ownership of the provided bus object. The bus object
+     * must have been started by the client before this call.
+     * The bus object will get flushed, closed, and unreffed when the IConnection instance is destroyed.
+     *
+     * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+     *
+     * Code example:
+     * @code
+     * sd_bus* bus{};
+     * ::sd_bus_new(&bus);
+     * ::sd_bus_set_address(bus, address);
+     * ::sd_bus_set_anonymous(bus, true);
+     * ::sd_bus_start(bus);
+     * auto con = sdbus::createBusConnection(bus); // IConnection consumes sd_bus object
+     * @endcode
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> createBusConnection(sd_bus *bus);
 }
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_ICONNECTION_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/IObject.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file IObject.h
  *
@@ -26,17 +27,21 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_IOBJECT_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_IOBJECT_H_
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceClasses.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceApiClasses.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/Flags.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/VTableItems.h>
+
 #include <functional>
-#include <string>
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 // Forward declarations
 namespace sdbus {
     class Signal;
     class IConnection;
+    class ObjectPath;
 }
 
 namespace sdbus {
@@ -44,298 +49,436 @@ namespace sdbus {
     /********************************************//**
      * @class IObject
      *
-     * An interface to D-Bus object. Provides API for registration
-     * of methods, signals, properties, and for emitting signals.
+     * IObject class represents a D-Bus object instance identified by a specific object path.
+     * D-Bus object provides its interfaces, methods, signals and properties on a bus
+     * identified by a specific bus name.
      *
-     * All methods throw @c sdbus::Error in case of failure. The class is
-     * thread-aware, but not thread-safe.
+     * All IObject member methods throw @c sdbus::Error in case of D-Bus or sdbus-c++ error.
+     * The IObject class has been designed as thread-aware. However, the operation of
+     * creating and sending asynchronous method replies, as well as creating and emitting
+     * signals, is thread-safe by design.
      *
      ***********************************************/
     class IObject
     {
-    public:
-        /*!
-        * @brief Registers method that the object will provide on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the method will belong to
-        * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
-        * @param[in] inputSignature D-Bus signature of method input parameters
-        * @param[in] outputSignature D-Bus signature of method output parameters
-        * @param[in] methodCallback Callback that implements the body of the method
-        * @param[in] noReply If true, the method isn't expected to send reply
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void registerMethod( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                   , const std::string& methodName
-                                   , const std::string& inputSignature
-                                   , const std::string& outputSignature
-                                   , method_callback methodCallback
-                                   , Flags flags = {} ) = 0;
+    public: // High-level, convenience API
+        virtual ~IObject() = default;
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Registers method that the object will provide on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the method will belong to
-        * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
-        * @param[in] inputSignature D-Bus signature of method input parameters
-        * @param[in] outputSignature D-Bus signature of method output parameters
-        * @param[in] asyncMethodCallback Callback that implements the body of the method
-        * @param[in] noReply If true, the method isn't expected to send reply
-        *
-        * This overload register a method callback that will have a freedom to execute
-        * its body in asynchronous contexts, and send the results from those contexts.
-        * This can help in e.g. long operations, which then don't block the D-Bus processing
-        * loop thread.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void registerMethod( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                   , const std::string& methodName
-                                   , const std::string& inputSignature
-                                   , const std::string& outputSignature
-                                   , async_method_callback asyncMethodCallback
-                                   , Flags flags = {} ) = 0;
+         * @brief Adds a declaration of methods, properties and signals of the object at a given interface
+         *
+         * @param[in] vtable Individual instances of VTable item structures stored in a vector
+         * @return VTableAdder high-level helper class
+         *
+         * This method is used to declare attributes for the object under the given interface.
+         * Parameter `vtable' represents a vtable definition that may contain method declarations
+         * (using MethodVTableItem struct), property declarations (using PropertyVTableItem
+         * struct), signal declarations (using SignalVTableItem struct), or global interface
+         * flags (using InterfaceFlagsVTableItem struct).
+         *
+         * An interface can have any number of vtables attached to it.
+         *
+         * Consult manual pages for the underlying `sd_bus_add_object_vtable` function for more information.
+         *
+         * The method can be called at any time during object's lifetime.
+         *
+         * When called like `addVTable(vtable).forInterface(interface)`, then an internal registration
+         * slot is created for that vtable and its lifetime is tied to the lifetime of the Object instance.
+         * When called like `addVTable(items...).forInterface(interface, sdbus::return_slot)`, then an internal
+         * registration slot is created for the vtable and is returned to the caller. Keeping the slot means
+         * keep the registration "alive". Destroying the slot means that the vtable is not needed anymore,
+         * and the vtable gets removed from the object. This allows for "dynamic" object API where vtables
+         * can be added or removed by the user at runtime.
+         *
+         * The function provides strong exception guarantee. The state of the object remains
+         * unmodified in face of an exception.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] VTableAdder addVTable(std::vector<VTableItem> vtable);
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Registers signal that the object will emit on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the signal will fall under
-        * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
-        * @param[in] signature D-Bus signature of signal parameters
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void registerSignal( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                   , const std::string& signalName
-                                   , const std::string& signature
-                                   , Flags flags = {} ) = 0;
+         * @brief Adds a declaration of methods, properties and signals of the object at a given interface
+         *
+         * @param[in] items Individual instances of VTable item structures
+         * @return VTableAdder high-level helper class
+         *
+         * This method is used to declare attributes for the object under the given interface.
+         * Parameter pack contains vtable definition that may contain method declarations
+         * (using MethodVTableItem struct), property declarations (using PropertyVTableItem
+         * struct), signal declarations (using SignalVTableItem struct), or global interface
+         * flags (using InterfaceFlagsVTableItem struct).
+         *
+         * An interface can have any number of vtables attached to it.
+         *
+         * Consult manual pages for the underlying `sd_bus_add_object_vtable` function for more information.
+         *
+         * The method can be called at any time during object's lifetime.
+         *
+         * When called like `addVTable(items...).forInterface(interface)`, then an internal registration
+         * slot is created for that vtable and its lifetime is tied to the lifetime of the Object instance.
+         * When called like `addVTable(items...).forInterface(interface, sdbus::return_slot)`, then an internal
+         * registration slot is created for the vtable and is returned to the caller. Keeping the slot means
+         * keep the registration "alive". Destroying the slot means that the vtable is not needed anymore,
+         * and the vtable gets removed from the object. This allows for "dynamic" object API where vtables
+         * can be added or removed by the user at runtime.
+         *
+         * The function provides strong exception guarantee. The state of the object remains
+         * unmodified in face of an exception.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        template < typename... VTableItems
+                 , typename = std::enable_if_t<(is_one_of_variants_types<VTableItem, std::decay_t<VTableItems>> && ...)> >
+        [[nodiscard]] VTableAdder addVTable(VTableItems&&... items);
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Registers read-only property that the object will provide on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the property will fall under
-        * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
-        * @param[in] signature D-Bus signature of property parameters
-        * @param[in] getCallback Callback that implements the body of the property getter
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void registerProperty( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                     , const std::string& propertyName
-                                     , const std::string& signature
-                                     , property_get_callback getCallback
-                                     , Flags flags = {} ) = 0;
+         * @brief Emits signal on D-Bus
+         *
+         * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
+         * @return A helper object for convenient emission of signals
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of emitting D-Bus signals that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept. Signal arguments are automatically serialized
+         * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the provided native arguments.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * int arg1 = ...;
+         * double arg2 = ...;
+         * SignalName fooSignal{"fooSignal"};
+         * object_.emitSignal(fooSignal).onInterface("com.kistler.foo").withArguments(arg1, arg2);
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] SignalEmitter emitSignal(const SignalName& signalName);
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Registers read/write property that the object will provide on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the property will fall under
-        * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
-        * @param[in] signature D-Bus signature of property parameters
-        * @param[in] getCallback Callback that implements the body of the property getter
-        * @param[in] setCallback Callback that implements the body of the property setter
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void registerProperty( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                     , const std::string& propertyName
-                                     , const std::string& signature
-                                     , property_get_callback getCallback
-                                     , property_set_callback setCallback
-                                     , Flags flags = {} ) = 0;
+         * @copydoc IObject::emitSignal(const SignalName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] SignalEmitter emitSignal(const std::string& signalName);
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Sets flags for a given interface
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface whose flags will be set
-        * @param[in] flags Flags to be set
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void setInterfaceFlags(const std::string& interfaceName, Flags flags) = 0;
+         * @copydoc IObject::emitSignal(const SignalName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] SignalEmitter emitSignal(const char* signalName);
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Finishes the registration and exports object API on D-Bus
-        *
-        * The method exports all up to now registered methods, signals and properties on D-Bus.
-        * Must be called only once, after all methods, signals and properties have been registered.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void finishRegistration() = 0;
+         * @brief Emits PropertyChanged signal for specified properties under a given interface of this object path
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that properties belong to
+         * @param[in] propNames Names of properties that will be included in the PropertiesChanged signal
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames) = 0;
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Creates a signal message
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the signal belongs under
-        * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
-        * @return A signal message
-        *
-        * Serialize signal arguments into the returned message and emit the signal by passing
-        * the message with serialized arguments to the @c emitSignal function.
-        * Alternatively, use higher-level API @c emitSignal(const std::string& signalName) defined below.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual Signal createSignal(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& signalName) = 0;
+         * @copydoc IObject::emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName&,const std::vector<PropertyName>&)
+         */
+        virtual void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const char* interfaceName, const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames) = 0;
 
         /*!
-        * @brief Emits signal on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] message Signal message to be sent out
-        *
-        * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use higher-level API defined below.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
+         * @brief Emits PropertyChanged signal for all properties on a given interface of this object path
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IObject::emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName&)
+         */
+        virtual void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const char* interfaceName) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits InterfacesAdded signal on this object path
+         *
+         * This emits an InterfacesAdded signal on this object path, by iterating all registered
+         * interfaces on the path. All properties are queried and included in the signal.
+         * This call is equivalent to emitInterfacesAddedSignal() with an explicit list of
+         * registered interfaces. However, unlike emitInterfacesAddedSignal(interfaces), this
+         * call can figure out the list of supported interfaces itself. Furthermore, it properly
+         * adds the builtin org.freedesktop.DBus.* interfaces.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void emitInterfacesAddedSignal() = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits InterfacesAdded signal on this object path
+         *
+         * This emits an InterfacesAdded signal on this object path with explicitly provided list
+         * of registered interfaces. Since v2.0, sdbus-c++ supports dynamically addable/removable
+         * object interfaces and their vtables, so this method now makes more sense.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void emitInterfacesAddedSignal(const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits InterfacesRemoved signal on this object path
+         *
+         * This is like sd_bus_emit_object_added(), but emits an InterfacesRemoved signal on this
+         * object path. This only includes any registered interfaces but skips the properties.
+         * This function shall be called (just) before destroying the object.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal() = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits InterfacesRemoved signal on this object path
+         *
+         * This emits an InterfacesRemoved signal on the given path with explicitly provided list
+         * of registered interfaces. Since v2.0, sdbus-c++ supports dynamically addable/removable
+         * object interfaces and their vtables, so this method now makes more sense.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Adds an ObjectManager interface at the path of this D-Bus object
+         *
+         * Creates an ObjectManager interface at the specified object path on
+         * the connection. This is a convenient way to interrogate a connection
+         * to see what objects it has.
+         *
+         * This call creates a so-called floating registration. This means that
+         * the ObjectManager interface stays there for the lifetime of the object.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void addObjectManager() = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Adds an ObjectManager interface at the path of this D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @return Slot handle owning the registration
+         *
+         * Creates an ObjectManager interface at the specified object path on
+         * the connection. This is a convenient way to interrogate a connection
+         * to see what objects it has.
+         *
+         * The lifetime of the ObjectManager interface is bound to the lifetime
+         * of the returned slot instance.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot addObjectManager(return_slot_t) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Provides D-Bus connection used by the object
+         *
+         * @return Reference to the D-Bus connection
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual sdbus::IConnection& getConnection() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Returns object path of the underlying DBus object
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual const ObjectPath& getObjectPath() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Provides access to the currently processed D-Bus message
+         *
+         * This method provides access to the currently processed incoming D-Bus message.
+         * "Currently processed" means that the registered callback handler(s) for that message
+         * are being invoked. This method is meant to be called from within a callback handler
+         * (e.g. from a D-Bus signal handler, or async method reply handler, etc.). In such a case it is
+         * guaranteed to return a valid D-Bus message instance for which the handler is called.
+         * If called from other contexts/threads, it may return a valid or invalid message, depending
+         * on whether a message was processed or not at the time of the call.
+         *
+         * @return Currently processed D-Bus message
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Message getCurrentlyProcessedMessage() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Unregisters object's API and removes object from the bus
+         *
+         * This method unregisters the object, its interfaces, methods, signals and properties
+         * from the bus. Unregistration is done automatically also in object's destructor. This
+         * method makes sense if, in the process of object removal, we need to make sure that
+         * callbacks are unregistered explicitly before the final destruction of the object instance.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void unregister() = 0;
+
+    public: // Lower-level, message-based API
+        /*!
+         * @brief Adds a declaration of methods, properties and signals of the object at a given interface
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface the the vtable is registered for
+         * @param[in] items Individual instances of VTable item structures
+         *
+         * This method is used to declare attributes for the object under the given interface.
+         * Parameter `items' represents a vtable definition that may contain method declarations
+         * (using MethodVTableItem struct), property declarations (using PropertyVTableItem
+         * struct), signal declarations (using SignalVTableItem struct), or global interface
+         * flags (using InterfaceFlagsVTableItem struct).
+         *
+         * An interface can have any number of vtables attached to it.
+         *
+         * Consult manual pages for the underlying `sd_bus_add_object_vtable` function for more information.
+         *
+         * The method can be called at any time during object's lifetime. For each vtable an internal
+         * registration slot is created and its lifetime is tied to the lifetime of the Object instance.
+         *
+         * The function provides strong exception guarantee. The state of the object remains
+         * unmodified in face of an exception.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        template < typename... VTableItems
+                 , typename = std::enable_if_t<(is_one_of_variants_types<VTableItem, std::decay_t<VTableItems>> && ...)> >
+        void addVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, VTableItems&&... items);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Adds a declaration of methods, properties and signals of the object at a given interface
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface the the vtable is registered for
+         * @param[in] vtable A list of individual descriptions in the form of VTable item instances
+         *
+         * This method is used to declare attributes for the object under the given interface.
+         * The `vtable' parameter may contain method declarations (using MethodVTableItem struct),
+         * property declarations (using PropertyVTableItem struct), signal declarations (using
+         * SignalVTableItem struct), or global interface flags (using InterfaceFlagsVTableItem struct).
+         *
+         * An interface can have any number of vtables attached to it.
+         *
+         * Consult manual pages for the underlying `sd_bus_add_object_vtable` function for more information.
+         *
+         * The method can be called at any time during object's lifetime. For each vtable an internal
+         * registration slot is created and its lifetime is tied to the lifetime of the Object instance.
+         *
+         * The function provides strong exception guarantee. The state of the object remains
+         * unmodified in face of an exception.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void addVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Adds a declaration of methods, properties and signals of the object at a given interface
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface the the vtable is registered for
+         * @param[in] vtable A list of individual descriptions in the form of VTable item instances
+         *
+         * This method is used to declare attributes for the object under the given interface.
+         * The `vtable' parameter may contain method declarations (using MethodVTableItem struct),
+         * property declarations (using PropertyVTableItem struct), signal declarations (using
+         * SignalVTableItem struct), or global interface flags (using InterfaceFlagsVTableItem struct).
+         *
+         * An interface can have any number of vtables attached to it.
+         *
+         * Consult manual pages for the underlying `sd_bus_add_object_vtable` function for more information.
+         *
+         * The method can be called at any time during object's lifetime. For each vtable an internal
+         * registration slot is created and is returned to the caller. The returned slot should be destroyed
+         * when the vtable is not needed anymore. This allows for "dynamic" object API where vtables
+         * can be added or removed by the user at runtime.
+         *
+         * The function provides strong exception guarantee. The state of the object remains
+         * unmodified in face of an exception.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot addVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable, return_slot_t) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Creates a signal message
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the signal belongs under
+         * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
+         * @return A signal message
+         *
+         * Serialize signal arguments into the returned message and emit the signal by passing
+         * the message with serialized arguments to the @c emitSignal function.
+         * Alternatively, use higher-level API @c emitSignal(const std::string& signalName) defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Signal createSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const SignalName& signalName) const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits signal for this object path
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Signal message to be sent out
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use higher-level API defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
         virtual void emitSignal(const sdbus::Signal& message) = 0;
 
-        /*!
-        * @brief Registers method that the object will provide on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
-        * @return A helper object for convenient registration of the method
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of registering D-Bus methods that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept. Method arguments/return value are automatically (de)serialized
-        * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the parameters and return type
-        * of the provided native method implementation callback.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * object.registerMethod("doFoo").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").implementedAs([this](int value){ return this->doFoo(value); });
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        MethodRegistrator registerMethod(const std::string& methodName);
+    protected: // Internal API for efficiency reasons used by high-level API helper classes
+        friend SignalEmitter;
 
-        /*!
-        * @brief Registers signal that the object will provide on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
-        * @return A helper object for convenient registration of the signal
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of registering D-Bus signals that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept. Signal arguments are automatically (de)serialized
-        * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the provided native parameters.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * object.registerSignal("paramChange").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").withParameters<std::map<int32_t, std::string>>();
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        SignalRegistrator registerSignal(const std::string& signalName);
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Registers property that the object will provide on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
-        * @return A helper object for convenient registration of the property
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of registering D-Bus properties that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept. Property arguments are automatically (de)serialized
-        * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the provided native callbacks.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * object_.registerProperty("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").withGetter([this](){ return this->state(); });
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        PropertyRegistrator registerProperty(const std::string& propertyName);
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Sets flags (annotations) for a given interface
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface whose flags will be set
-        * @return A helper object for convenient setting of Interface flags
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience alternative to the other setInterfaceFlags overload.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * object_.setInterfaceFlags("com.kistler.foo").markAsDeprecated().withPropertyUpdateBehavior(sdbus::Flags::EMITS_NO_SIGNAL);
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        InterfaceFlagsSetter setInterfaceFlags(const std::string& interfaceName);
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Emits signal on D-Bus
-        *
-        * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
-        * @return A helper object for convenient emission of signals
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of emitting D-Bus signals that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept. Signal arguments are automatically serialized
-        * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the provided native arguments.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * int arg1 = ...;
-        * double arg2 = ...;
-        * object_.emitSignal("fooSignal").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").withArguments(arg1, arg2);
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        SignalEmitter emitSignal(const std::string& signalName);
-
-        virtual ~IObject() = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Signal createSignal(const char* interfaceName, const char* signalName) const = 0;
     };
 
-    inline MethodRegistrator IObject::registerMethod(const std::string& methodName)
-    {
-        return MethodRegistrator(*this, methodName);
-    }
+    // Out-of-line member definitions
 
-    inline SignalRegistrator IObject::registerSignal(const std::string& signalName)
-    {
-        return SignalRegistrator(*this, std::move(signalName));
-    }
-
-    inline PropertyRegistrator IObject::registerProperty(const std::string& propertyName)
-    {
-        return PropertyRegistrator(*this, std::move(propertyName));
-    }
-
-    inline InterfaceFlagsSetter IObject::setInterfaceFlags(const std::string& interfaceName)
-    {
-        return InterfaceFlagsSetter(*this, std::move(interfaceName));
-    }
-
-    inline SignalEmitter IObject::emitSignal(const std::string& signalName)
+    inline SignalEmitter IObject::emitSignal(const SignalName& signalName)
     {
         return SignalEmitter(*this, signalName);
     }
 
-    inline IObject::~IObject() {}
+    inline SignalEmitter IObject::emitSignal(const std::string& signalName)
+    {
+        return SignalEmitter(*this, signalName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline SignalEmitter IObject::emitSignal(const char* signalName)
+    {
+        return SignalEmitter(*this, signalName);
+    }
+
+    template <typename... VTableItems, typename>
+    void IObject::addVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, VTableItems&&... items)
+    {
+        addVTable(std::move(interfaceName), {std::forward<VTableItems>(items)...});
+    }
+
+    template <typename... VTableItems, typename>
+    VTableAdder IObject::addVTable(VTableItems&&... items)
+    {
+        return addVTable(std::vector<VTableItem>{std::forward<VTableItems>(items)...});
+    }
+
+    inline VTableAdder IObject::addVTable(std::vector<VTableItem> vtable)
+    {
+        return VTableAdder(*this, std::move(vtable));
+    }
 
     /*!
-    * @brief Creates instance representing a D-Bus object
-    *
-    * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the object
-    * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
-    * @return Pointer to the object representation instance
-    *
-    * The provided connection will be used by the object to export methods,
-    * issue signals and provide properties.
-    *
-    * Code example:
-    * @code
-    * auto proxy = sdbus::createObject(connection, "/com/kistler/foo");
-    * @endcode
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObject> createObject(sdbus::IConnection& connection, std::string objectPath);
+     * @brief Creates instance representing a D-Bus object
+     *
+     * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the object
+     * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
+     * @return Pointer to the object representation instance
+     *
+     * The provided connection will be used by the object to export methods,
+     * issue signals and provide properties.
+     *
+     * Creating a D-Bus object instance is (thread-)safe even upon the connection
+     * which is already running its I/O event loop.
+     *
+     * Code example:
+     * @code
+     * auto proxy = sdbus::createObject(connection, "/com/kistler/foo");
+     * @endcode
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObject> createObject(sdbus::IConnection& connection, ObjectPath objectPath);
 
 }
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceClasses.inl>
+#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceApiClasses.inl>
+#include <sdbus-c++/VTableItems.inl>
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_IOBJECT_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/IObjectProxy.h

@@ -1,350 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file IObjectProxy.h
- *
- * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_IOBJECTPROXY_H_
-#define SDBUS_CXX_IOBJECTPROXY_H_
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceClasses.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <memory>
-#include <functional>
-
-// Forward declarations
-namespace sdbus {
-    class MethodCall;
-    class AsyncMethodCall;
-    class MethodReply;
-    class IConnection;
-}
-
-namespace sdbus {
-
-    /********************************************//**
-     * @class IObjectProxy
-     *
-     * An interface to D-Bus object proxy. Provides API for calling
-     * methods, getting/setting properties, and for registering to signals.
-     *
-     * All methods throw @c sdbus::Error in case of failure. The class is
-     * thread-aware, but not thread-safe.
-     *
-     ***********************************************/
-    class IObjectProxy
-    {
-    public:
-        /*!
-        * @brief Creates a method call message
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the method is defined under
-        * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
-        * @return A method call message
-        *
-        * Serialize method arguments into the returned message and invoke the method by passing
-        * the message with serialized arguments to the @c callMethod function.
-        * Alternatively, use higher-level API @c callMethod(const std::string& methodName) defined below.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual MethodCall createMethodCall(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& methodName) = 0;
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Creates an asynchronous method call message
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the method is defined under
-        * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
-        * @return A method call message
-        *
-        * Serialize method arguments into the returned message and invoke the method by passing
-        * the message with serialized arguments to the @c callMethod function.
-        * Alternatively, use higher-level API @c callMethodAsync(const std::string& methodName) defined below.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual AsyncMethodCall createAsyncMethodCall(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& methodName) = 0;
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Calls method on the proxied D-Bus object
-        *
-        * @param[in] message Message representing a method call
-        * @return A method reply message
-        *
-        * Normally, the call is blocking, i.e. it waits for the remote method to finish with either
-        * a return value or an error.
-        *
-        * If the method call argument is set to not expect reply, the call will not wait for the remote
-        * method to finish, i.e. the call will be non-blocking, and the function will return an empty,
-        * invalid MethodReply object (representing void).
-        *
-        * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use higher-level API defined below.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual MethodReply callMethod(const MethodCall& message) = 0;
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Calls method on the proxied D-Bus object asynchronously
-        *
-        * @param[in] message Message representing an async method call
-        * @param[in] asyncReplyHandler Handler for the async reply
-        *
-        * The call is non-blocking. It doesn't wait for the reply. Once the reply arrives,
-        * the provided async reply handler will get invoked from the context of the connection
-        * event loop processing thread.
-        *
-        * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use higher-level API defined below.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void callMethod(const AsyncMethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback) = 0;
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Registers a handler for the desired signal emitted by the proxied D-Bus object
-        *
-        * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the signal belongs to
-        * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
-        * @param[in] signalHandler Callback that implements the body of the signal handler
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void registerSignalHandler( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                          , const std::string& signalName
-                                          , signal_handler signalHandler ) = 0;
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Finishes the registration of signal handlers
-        *
-        * The method physically subscribes to the desired signals.
-        * Must be called only once, after all signals have been registered already.
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        virtual void finishRegistration() = 0;
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Calls method on the proxied D-Bus object
-        *
-        * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
-        * @return A helper object for convenient invocation of the method
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of calling D-Bus methods that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept. Method arguments/return value are automatically (de)serialized
-        * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the provided native arguments
-        * and return values.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * int result, a = ..., b = ...;
-        * object_.callMethod("multiply").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(a, b).storeResultsTo(result);
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        MethodInvoker callMethod(const std::string& methodName);
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Calls method on the proxied D-Bus object asynchronously
-        *
-        * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
-        * @return A helper object for convenient asynchronous invocation of the method
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of calling D-Bus methods that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept. Method arguments/return value are automatically (de)serialized
-        * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the provided native arguments
-        * and return values.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * int a = ..., b = ...;
-        * object_.callMethodAsync("multiply").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(a, b).uponReplyInvoke([](int result)
-        * {
-        *     std::cout << "Got result of multiplying " << a << " and " << b << ": " << result << std::endl;
-        * });
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        AsyncMethodInvoker callMethodAsync(const std::string& methodName);
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Registers signal handler for a given signal of the proxied D-Bus object
-        *
-        * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
-        * @return A helper object for convenient registration of the signal handler
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of registering to D-Bus signals that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept. Signal arguments are automatically serialized
-        * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the parameters
-        * of the provided native signal callback.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * object_.uponSignal("fooSignal").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").call([this](int arg1, double arg2){ this->onFooSignal(arg1, arg2); });
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        SignalSubscriber uponSignal(const std::string& signalName);
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Gets value of a property of the proxied D-Bus object
-        *
-        * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
-        * @return A helper object for convenient getting of property value
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of reading D-Bus property values that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept. sdbus::Variant is returned which shall then be converted
-        * to the real property type (implicit conversion is supported).
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * int state = object.getProperty("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo");
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        PropertyGetter getProperty(const std::string& propertyName);
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Sets value of a property of the proxied D-Bus object
-        *
-        * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
-        * @return A helper object for convenient setting of property value
-        *
-        * This is a high-level, convenience way of writing D-Bus property values that abstracts
-        * from the D-Bus message concept.
-        *
-        * Example of use:
-        * @code
-        * int state = ...;
-        * object_.setProperty("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").toValue(state);
-        * @endcode
-        *
-        * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
-        */
-        PropertySetter setProperty(const std::string& propertyName);
-
-        virtual ~IObjectProxy() = 0;
-    };
-
-    inline MethodInvoker IObjectProxy::callMethod(const std::string& methodName)
-    {
-        return MethodInvoker(*this, methodName);
-    }
-
-    inline AsyncMethodInvoker IObjectProxy::callMethodAsync(const std::string& methodName)
-    {
-        return AsyncMethodInvoker(*this, methodName);
-    }
-
-    inline SignalSubscriber IObjectProxy::uponSignal(const std::string& signalName)
-    {
-        return SignalSubscriber(*this, signalName);
-    }
-
-    inline PropertyGetter IObjectProxy::getProperty(const std::string& propertyName)
-    {
-        return PropertyGetter(*this, propertyName);
-    }
-
-    inline PropertySetter IObjectProxy::setProperty(const std::string& propertyName)
-    {
-        return PropertySetter(*this, propertyName);
-    }
-
-    inline IObjectProxy::~IObjectProxy() {}
-
-    /*!
-    * @brief Creates object proxy instance
-    *
-    * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
-    * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
-    * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
-    * @return Pointer to the object proxy instance
-    *
-    * The provided connection will be used by the proxy to issue calls against the object,
-    * and signals, if any, will be subscribed to on this connection. Since the caller still
-    * remains the owner of the connection (the proxy just keeps reference to it) after the call,
-    * the proxy will not start its own background processing loop for incoming signals (if any),
-    * as it will rely on the client as an owner of the connection to handle processing of
-    * incoming messages on that connection by themselves.
-    *
-    * Code example:
-    * @code
-    * auto proxy = sdbus::createObjectProxy(connection, "com.kistler.foo", "/com/kistler/foo");
-    * @endcode
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObjectProxy> createObjectProxy( sdbus::IConnection& connection
-                                                          , std::string destination
-                                                          , std::string objectPath );
-
-    /*!
-    * @brief Creates object proxy instance
-    *
-    * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
-    * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
-    * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
-    * @return Pointer to the object proxy instance
-    *
-    * The provided connection will be used by the proxy to issue calls against the object,
-    * and signals, if any, will be subscribed to on this connection. Object proxy becomes
-    * an exclusive owner of this connection. The effect of this is that when there is at
-    * least one signal in proxy's interface, then the proxy will immediately start its own
-    * processing loop for this connection in a separate internal thread, causing incoming
-    * signals to be correctly received and processed in the context of that internal thread.
-    *
-    * Code example:
-    * @code
-    * auto proxy = sdbus::createObjectProxy(std::move(connection), "com.kistler.foo", "/com/kistler/foo");
-    * @endcode
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObjectProxy> createObjectProxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&& connection
-                                                          , std::string destination
-                                                          , std::string objectPath );
-
-    /*!
-    * @brief Creates object proxy instance that uses its own D-Bus connection
-    *
-    * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
-    * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
-    * @return Pointer to the object proxy instance
-    *
-    * This factory overload creates a proxy that manages its own D-Bus connection(s).
-    * When there is at least one signal in proxy's interface, then the proxy will immediately
-    * start its own processing loop for this connection in its own separate thread, causing
-    * incoming signals to be correctly received and processed in the context of that thread.
-    *
-    * Code example:
-    * @code
-    * auto proxy = sdbus::createObjectProxy(connection, "com.kistler.foo", "/com/kistler/foo");
-    * @endcode
-    */
-    std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObjectProxy> createObjectProxy( std::string destination
-                                                          , std::string objectPath );
-
-}
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceClasses.inl>
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_IOBJECTPROXY_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/IProxy.h

@@ -0,0 +1,981 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file IProxy.h
+ *
+ * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_IPROXY_H_
+#define SDBUS_CXX_IPROXY_H_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceApiClasses.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <functional>
+#include <future>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+
+// Forward declarations
+namespace sdbus {
+    class MethodCall;
+    class MethodReply;
+    class IConnection;
+    class ObjectPath;
+    class PendingAsyncCall;
+    namespace internal {
+        class Proxy;
+    }
+}
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class IProxy
+     *
+     * IProxy class represents a proxy object, which is a convenient local object created
+     * to represent a remote D-Bus object in another process.
+     * The proxy enables calling methods on remote objects, receiving signals from remote
+     * objects, and getting/setting properties of remote objects.
+     *
+     * All IProxy member methods throw @c sdbus::Error in case of D-Bus or sdbus-c++ error.
+     * The IProxy class has been designed as thread-aware. However, the operation of
+     * creating and sending method calls (both synchronously and asynchronously) is
+     * thread-safe by design.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    class IProxy
+    {
+    public: // High-level, convenience API
+        virtual ~IProxy() = default;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
+         * @return A helper object for convenient invocation of the method
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of calling D-Bus methods that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept. Method arguments/return value are automatically (de)serialized
+         * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the provided native arguments
+         * and return values.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * int result, a = ..., b = ...;
+         * MethodName multiply{"multiply"};
+         * object_.callMethod(multiply).onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(a, b).storeResultsTo(result);
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] MethodInvoker callMethod(const MethodName& methodName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::callMethod(const MethodName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] MethodInvoker callMethod(const std::string& methodName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::callMethod(const MethodName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] MethodInvoker callMethod(const char* methodName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the D-Bus object asynchronously
+         *
+         * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
+         * @return A helper object for convenient asynchronous invocation of the method
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of calling D-Bus methods that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept. Method arguments/return value are automatically (de)serialized
+         * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the provided native arguments
+         * and return values.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * int a = ..., b = ...;
+         * MethodName multiply{"multiply"};
+         * object_.callMethodAsync(multiply).onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(a, b).uponReplyInvoke([](int result)
+         * {
+         *     std::cout << "Got result of multiplying " << a << " and " << b << ": " << result << std::endl;
+         * });
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AsyncMethodInvoker callMethodAsync(const MethodName& methodName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AsyncMethodInvoker callMethodAsync(const std::string& methodName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AsyncMethodInvoker callMethodAsync(const char* methodName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Registers signal handler for a given signal of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
+         * @return A helper object for convenient registration of the signal handler
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of registering to D-Bus signals that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept. Signal arguments are automatically serialized
+         * in a message and D-Bus signatures automatically deduced from the parameters
+         * of the provided native signal callback.
+         *
+         * A signal can be subscribed to and unsubscribed from at any time during proxy
+         * lifetime. The subscription is active immediately after the call.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * object_.uponSignal("stateChanged").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").call([this](int arg1, double arg2){ this->onStateChanged(arg1, arg2); });
+         * sdbus::InterfaceName foo{"com.kistler.foo"};
+         * sdbus::SignalName levelChanged{"levelChanged"};
+         * object_.uponSignal(levelChanged).onInterface(foo).call([this](uint16_t level){ this->onLevelChanged(level); });
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] SignalSubscriber uponSignal(const SignalName& signalName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::uponSignal(const SignalName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] SignalSubscriber uponSignal(const std::string& signalName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::uponSignal(const SignalName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] SignalSubscriber uponSignal(const char* signalName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Gets value of a property of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
+         * @return A helper object for convenient getting of property value
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of reading D-Bus property values that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept. sdbus::Variant is returned which shall then be converted
+         * to the real property type (implicit conversion is supported).
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * int state = object.getProperty("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo");
+         * sdbus::InterfaceName foo{"com.kistler.foo"};
+         * sdbus::PropertyName level{"level"};
+         * int level = object.getProperty(level).onInterface(foo);
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] PropertyGetter getProperty(const PropertyName& propertyName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::getProperty(const PropertyName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] PropertyGetter getProperty(std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Gets value of a property of the D-Bus object asynchronously
+         *
+         * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
+         * @return A helper object for convenient asynchronous getting of property value
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of reading D-Bus property values that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * std::future<sdbus::Variant> state = object.getPropertyAsync("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").getResultAsFuture();
+         * auto callback = [](std::optional<sdbus::Error> err, const sdbus::Variant& value){ ... };
+         * object.getPropertyAsync("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").uponReplyInvoke(std::move(callback));
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AsyncPropertyGetter getPropertyAsync(const PropertyName& propertyName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::getPropertyAsync(const PropertyName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AsyncPropertyGetter getPropertyAsync(std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Sets value of a property of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
+         * @return A helper object for convenient setting of property value
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of writing D-Bus property values that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept.
+         * Setting property value with NoReply flag is also supported.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * int state = ...;
+         * object_.setProperty("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").toValue(state);
+         * // Or we can just send the set message call without waiting for the reply
+         * object_.setProperty("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").toValue(state, dont_expect_reply);
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] PropertySetter setProperty(const PropertyName& propertyName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::setProperty(const PropertyName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] PropertySetter setProperty(std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Sets value of a property of the D-Bus object asynchronously
+         *
+         * @param[in] propertyName Name of the property
+         * @return A helper object for convenient asynchronous setting of property value
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of writing D-Bus property values that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * int state = ...;
+         * // We can wait until the set operation finishes by waiting on the future
+         * std::future<void> res = object_.setPropertyAsync("state").onInterface("com.kistler.foo").toValue(state).getResultAsFuture();
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AsyncPropertySetter setPropertyAsync(const PropertyName& propertyName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::setPropertyAsync(const PropertyName&)
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AsyncPropertySetter setPropertyAsync(std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Gets values of all properties of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @return A helper object for convenient getting of properties' values
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of reading D-Bus properties' values that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * auto props = object.getAllProperties().onInterface("com.kistler.foo");
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AllPropertiesGetter getAllProperties();
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Gets values of all properties of the D-Bus object asynchronously
+         *
+         * @return A helper object for convenient asynchronous getting of properties' values
+         *
+         * This is a high-level, convenience way of reading D-Bus properties' values that abstracts
+         * from the D-Bus message concept.
+         *
+         * Example of use:
+         * @code
+         * auto callback = [](std::optional<sdbus::Error> err, const std::map<PropertyName, Variant>>& properties){ ... };
+         * auto props = object.getAllPropertiesAsync().onInterface("com.kistler.foo").uponReplyInvoke(std::move(callback));
+         * @endcode
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] AsyncAllPropertiesGetter getAllPropertiesAsync();
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Provides D-Bus connection used by the proxy
+         *
+         * @return Reference to the D-Bus connection
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual sdbus::IConnection& getConnection() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Returns object path of the underlying DBus object
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual const ObjectPath& getObjectPath() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Provides access to the currently processed D-Bus message
+         *
+         * This method provides access to the currently processed incoming D-Bus message.
+         * "Currently processed" means that the registered callback handler(s) for that message
+         * are being invoked. This method is meant to be called from within a callback handler
+         * (e.g. from a D-Bus signal handler, or async method reply handler, etc.). In such a case it is
+         * guaranteed to return a valid D-Bus message instance for which the handler is called.
+         * If called from other contexts/threads, it may return a valid or invalid message, depending
+         * on whether a message was processed or not at the time of the call.
+         *
+         * @return Currently processed D-Bus message
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Message getCurrentlyProcessedMessage() const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Unregisters proxy's signal handlers and stops receiving replies to pending async calls
+         *
+         * Unregistration is done automatically also in proxy's destructor. This method makes
+         * sense if, in the process of proxy removal, we need to make sure that callbacks
+         * are unregistered explicitly before the final destruction of the proxy instance.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void unregister() = 0;
+
+    public: // Lower-level, message-based API
+        /*!
+         * @brief Creates a method call message
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that provides a given method
+         * @param[in] methodName Name of the method
+         * @return A method call message
+         *
+         * Serialize method arguments into the returned message and invoke the method by passing
+         * the message with serialized arguments to the @c callMethod function.
+         * Alternatively, use higher-level API @c callMethod(const std::string& methodName) defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual MethodCall createMethodCall(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const MethodName& methodName) const = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the remote D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Message representing a method call
+         * @return A method reply message
+         *
+         * The call does not block if the method call has dont-expect-reply flag set. In that case,
+         * the call returns immediately and the return value is an empty, invalid method reply.
+         *
+         * The call blocks otherwise, waiting for the remote peer to send back a reply or an error,
+         * or until the call times out.
+         *
+         * While blocking, other concurrent operations (in other threads) on the underlying bus
+         * connection are stalled until the call returns. This is not an issue in vast majority of
+         * (simple, single-threaded) applications. In asynchronous, multi-threaded designs involving
+         * shared bus connections, this may be an issue. It is advised to instead use an asynchronous
+         * callMethod() function overload, which does not block the bus connection, or do the synchronous
+         * call from another Proxy instance created just before the call and then destroyed (which is
+         * anyway quite a typical approach in D-Bus implementations). Such proxy instance must have
+         * its own bus connection. So-called light-weight proxies (ones running without an event loop thread)
+         * tag are designed for exactly that purpose.
+         *
+         * The default D-Bus method call timeout is used. See IConnection::getMethodCallTimeout().
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use API on a higher level of abstraction defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure (also in case the remote function returned an error)
+         */
+        virtual MethodReply callMethod(const MethodCall& message) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the remote D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Message representing a method call
+         * @param[in] timeout Method call timeout (in microseconds)
+         * @return A method reply message
+         *
+         * The call does not block if the method call has dont-expect-reply flag set. In that case,
+         * the call returns immediately and the return value is an empty, invalid method reply.
+         *
+         * The call blocks otherwise, waiting for the remote peer to send back a reply or an error,
+         * or until the call times out.
+         *
+         * While blocking, other concurrent operations (in other threads) on the underlying bus
+         * connection are stalled until the call returns. This is not an issue in vast majority of
+         * (simple, single-threaded) applications. In asynchronous, multi-threaded designs involving
+         * shared bus connections, this may be an issue. It is advised to instead use an asynchronous
+         * callMethod() function overload, which does not block the bus connection, or do the synchronous
+         * call from another Proxy instance created just before the call and then destroyed (which is
+         * anyway quite a typical approach in D-Bus implementations). Such proxy instance must have
+         * its own bus connection. So-called light-weight proxies (ones running without an event loop thread)
+         * tag are designed for exactly that purpose.
+         *
+         * If timeout is zero, the default D-Bus method call timeout is used. See IConnection::getMethodCallTimeout().
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use API on a higher level of abstraction defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure (also in case the remote function returned an error)
+         */
+        virtual MethodReply callMethod(const MethodCall& message, uint64_t timeout) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::callMethod(const MethodCall&,uint64_t)
+         */
+        template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+        MethodReply callMethod(const MethodCall& message, const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout);
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the D-Bus object asynchronously
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Message representing an async method call
+         * @param[in] asyncReplyCallback Handler for the async reply
+         * @return Observing handle for the the pending asynchronous call
+         *
+         * This is a callback-based way of asynchronously calling a remote D-Bus method.
+         *
+         * The call itself is non-blocking. It doesn't wait for the reply. Once the reply arrives,
+         * the provided async reply handler will get invoked from the context of the bus
+         * connection I/O event loop thread.
+         *
+         * An non-owning, observing async call handle is returned that can be used to query call status or cancel the call.
+         *
+         * The default D-Bus method call timeout is used. See IConnection::getMethodCallTimeout().
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use API on a higher level of abstraction defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual PendingAsyncCall callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the D-Bus object asynchronously
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Message representing an async method call
+         * @param[in] asyncReplyCallback Handler for the async reply
+         * @return RAII-style slot handle representing the ownership of the async call
+         *
+         * This is a callback-based way of asynchronously calling a remote D-Bus method.
+         *
+         * The call itself is non-blocking. It doesn't wait for the reply. Once the reply arrives,
+         * the provided async reply handler will get invoked from the context of the bus
+         * connection I/O event loop thread.
+         *
+         * A slot (an owning handle) is returned for the async call. Lifetime of the call is bound to the lifetime of the slot.
+         * The slot can be used to cancel the method call at a later time by simply destroying it.
+         *
+         * The default D-Bus method call timeout is used. See IConnection::getMethodCallTimeout().
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use API on a higher level of abstraction defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                                  , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                                                  , return_slot_t ) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the D-Bus object asynchronously, with custom timeout
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Message representing an async method call
+         * @param[in] asyncReplyCallback Handler for the async reply
+         * @param[in] timeout Method call timeout (in microseconds)
+         * @return Observing handle for the the pending asynchronous call
+         *
+         * This is a callback-based way of asynchronously calling a remote D-Bus method.
+         *
+         * The call itself is non-blocking. It doesn't wait for the reply. Once the reply arrives,
+         * the provided async reply handler will get invoked from the context of the bus
+         * connection I/O event loop thread.
+         *
+         * An non-owning, observing async call handle is returned that can be used to query call status or cancel the call.
+         *
+         * If timeout is zero, the default D-Bus method call timeout is used. See IConnection::getMethodCallTimeout().
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use API on a higher level of abstraction defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual PendingAsyncCall callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                                , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                                                , uint64_t timeout ) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the D-Bus object asynchronously, with custom timeout
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Message representing an async method call
+         * @param[in] asyncReplyCallback Handler for the async reply
+         * @param[in] timeout Method call timeout (in microseconds)
+         * @return RAII-style slot handle representing the ownership of the async call
+         *
+         * This is a callback-based way of asynchronously calling a remote D-Bus method.
+         *
+         * The call itself is non-blocking. It doesn't wait for the reply. Once the reply arrives,
+         * the provided async reply handler will get invoked from the context of the bus
+         * connection I/O event loop thread.
+         *
+         * A slot (an owning handle) is returned for the async call. Lifetime of the call is bound to the lifetime of the slot.
+         * The slot can be used to cancel the method call at a later time by simply destroying it.
+         *
+         * If timeout is zero, the default D-Bus method call timeout is used. See IConnection::getMethodCallTimeout().
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use API on a higher level of abstraction defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                                  , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                                                  , uint64_t timeout
+                                                  , return_slot_t ) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::callMethod(const MethodCall&,async_reply_handler,uint64_t)
+         */
+        template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+        PendingAsyncCall callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                        , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                                        , const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout );
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::callMethod(const MethodCall&,async_reply_handler,uint64_t,return_slot_t)
+         */
+        template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                          , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                                          , const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout
+                                          , return_slot_t );
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the D-Bus object asynchronously
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Message representing an async method call
+         * @param[in] Tag denoting a std::future-based overload
+         * @return Future object providing access to the future method reply message
+         *
+         * This is a std::future-based way of asynchronously calling a remote D-Bus method.
+         *
+         * The call itself is non-blocking. It doesn't wait for the reply. Once the reply arrives,
+         * the provided future object will be set to contain the reply (or sdbus::Error
+         * in case the remote method threw an exception).
+         *
+         * The default D-Bus method call timeout is used. See IConnection::getMethodCallTimeout().
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use higher-level API defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual std::future<MethodReply> callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, with_future_t) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Calls method on the D-Bus object asynchronously, with custom timeout
+         *
+         * @param[in] message Message representing an async method call
+         * @param[in] timeout Method call timeout
+         * @param[in] Tag denoting a std::future-based overload
+         * @return Future object providing access to the future method reply message
+         *
+         * This is a std::future-based way of asynchronously calling a remote D-Bus method.
+         *
+         * The call itself is non-blocking. It doesn't wait for the reply. Once the reply arrives,
+         * the provided future object will be set to contain the reply (or sdbus::Error
+         * in case the remote method threw an exception, or the call timed out).
+         *
+         * If timeout is zero, the default D-Bus method call timeout is used. See IConnection::getMethodCallTimeout().
+         *
+         * Note: To avoid messing with messages, use higher-level API defined below.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual std::future<MethodReply> callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                                        , uint64_t timeout
+                                                        , with_future_t ) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @copydoc IProxy::callMethod(const MethodCall&,uint64_t,with_future_t)
+         */
+        template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+        std::future<MethodReply> callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                                , const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout
+                                                , with_future_t );
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Registers a handler for the desired signal emitted by the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the signal belongs to
+         * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
+         * @param[in] signalHandler Callback that implements the body of the signal handler
+         *
+         * A signal can be subscribed to at any time during proxy lifetime. The subscription
+         * is active immediately after the call, and stays active for the entire lifetime
+         * of the Proxy object.
+         *
+         * To be able to unsubscribe from the signal at a later time, use the registerSignalHandler()
+         * overload with request_slot tag.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        virtual void registerSignalHandler( const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                          , const SignalName& signalName
+                                          , signal_handler signalHandler ) = 0;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Registers a handler for the desired signal emitted by the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * @param[in] interfaceName Name of an interface that the signal belongs to
+         * @param[in] signalName Name of the signal
+         * @param[in] signalHandler Callback that implements the body of the signal handler
+         *
+         * @return RAII-style slot handle representing the ownership of the subscription
+         *
+         * A signal can be subscribed to and unsubscribed from at any time during proxy
+         * lifetime. The subscription is active immediately after the call. The lifetime
+         * of the subscription is bound to the lifetime of the slot object. The subscription
+         * is unregistered by letting go of the slot object.
+         *
+         * @throws sdbus::Error in case of failure
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot registerSignalHandler( const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                                        , const SignalName& signalName
+                                                        , signal_handler signalHandler
+                                                        , return_slot_t ) = 0;
+
+    protected: // Internal API for efficiency reasons used by high-level API helper classes
+        friend MethodInvoker;
+        friend AsyncMethodInvoker;
+        friend SignalSubscriber;
+
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual MethodCall createMethodCall(const char* interfaceName, const char* methodName) const = 0;
+        virtual void registerSignalHandler( const char* interfaceName
+                                          , const char* signalName
+                                          , signal_handler signalHandler ) = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot registerSignalHandler( const char* interfaceName
+                                                        , const char* signalName
+                                                        , signal_handler signalHandler
+                                                        , return_slot_t ) = 0;
+    };
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class PendingAsyncCall
+     *
+     * PendingAsyncCall represents a simple handle type to cancel the delivery
+     * of the asynchronous D-Bus call result to the application.
+     *
+     * The handle is lifetime-independent from the originating Proxy object.
+     * It's safe to call its methods even after the Proxy has gone.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    class PendingAsyncCall
+    {
+    public:
+        PendingAsyncCall() = default;
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Cancels the delivery of the pending asynchronous call result
+         *
+         * This function effectively removes the callback handler registered to the
+         * async D-Bus method call result delivery. Does nothing if the call was
+         * completed already, or if the originating Proxy object has gone meanwhile.
+         */
+        void cancel();
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Answers whether the asynchronous call is still pending
+         *
+         * @return True if the call is pending, false if the call has been fully completed
+         *
+         * Pending call in this context means a call whose results have not arrived, or
+         * have arrived and are currently being processed by the callback handler.
+         */
+        [[nodiscard]] bool isPending() const;
+
+    private:
+        friend internal::Proxy;
+        PendingAsyncCall(std::weak_ptr<void> callInfo);
+
+    private:
+        std::weak_ptr<void> callInfo_;
+    };
+
+    // Out-of-line member definitions
+
+    template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+    inline MethodReply IProxy::callMethod(const MethodCall& message, const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout)
+    {
+        auto microsecs = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout);
+        return callMethod(message, microsecs.count());
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+    inline PendingAsyncCall IProxy::callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                                   , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                                                   , const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout )
+    {
+        auto microsecs = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout);
+        return callMethodAsync(message, std::move(asyncReplyCallback), microsecs.count());
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+    inline Slot IProxy::callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                       , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                                       , const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout
+                                       , return_slot_t )
+    {
+        auto microsecs = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout);
+        return callMethodAsync(message, std::move(asyncReplyCallback), microsecs.count(), return_slot);
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Rep, typename _Period>
+    inline std::future<MethodReply> IProxy::callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                                           , const std::chrono::duration<_Rep, _Period>& timeout
+                                                           , with_future_t )
+    {
+        auto microsecs = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(timeout);
+        return callMethodAsync(message, microsecs.count(), with_future);
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker IProxy::callMethod(const MethodName& methodName)
+    {
+        return MethodInvoker(*this, methodName);
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker IProxy::callMethod(const std::string& methodName)
+    {
+        return MethodInvoker(*this, methodName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline MethodInvoker IProxy::callMethod(const char* methodName)
+    {
+        return MethodInvoker(*this, methodName);
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker IProxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodName& methodName)
+    {
+        return AsyncMethodInvoker(*this, methodName);
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker IProxy::callMethodAsync(const std::string& methodName)
+    {
+        return AsyncMethodInvoker(*this, methodName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncMethodInvoker IProxy::callMethodAsync(const char* methodName)
+    {
+        return AsyncMethodInvoker(*this, methodName);
+    }
+
+    inline SignalSubscriber IProxy::uponSignal(const SignalName& signalName)
+    {
+        return SignalSubscriber(*this, signalName);
+    }
+
+    inline SignalSubscriber IProxy::uponSignal(const std::string& signalName)
+    {
+        return SignalSubscriber(*this, signalName.c_str());
+    }
+
+    inline SignalSubscriber IProxy::uponSignal(const char* signalName)
+    {
+        return SignalSubscriber(*this, signalName);
+    }
+
+    inline PropertyGetter IProxy::getProperty(const PropertyName& propertyName)
+    {
+        return PropertyGetter(*this, propertyName);
+    }
+
+    inline PropertyGetter IProxy::getProperty(std::string_view propertyName)
+    {
+        return PropertyGetter(*this, std::move(propertyName));
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncPropertyGetter IProxy::getPropertyAsync(const PropertyName& propertyName)
+    {
+        return AsyncPropertyGetter(*this, propertyName);
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncPropertyGetter IProxy::getPropertyAsync(std::string_view propertyName)
+    {
+        return AsyncPropertyGetter(*this, std::move(propertyName));
+    }
+
+    inline PropertySetter IProxy::setProperty(const PropertyName& propertyName)
+    {
+        return PropertySetter(*this, propertyName);
+    }
+
+    inline PropertySetter IProxy::setProperty(std::string_view propertyName)
+    {
+        return PropertySetter(*this, std::move(propertyName));
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncPropertySetter IProxy::setPropertyAsync(const PropertyName& propertyName)
+    {
+        return AsyncPropertySetter(*this, propertyName);
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncPropertySetter IProxy::setPropertyAsync(std::string_view propertyName)
+    {
+        return AsyncPropertySetter(*this, std::move(propertyName));
+    }
+
+    inline AllPropertiesGetter IProxy::getAllProperties()
+    {
+        return AllPropertiesGetter(*this);
+    }
+
+    inline AsyncAllPropertiesGetter IProxy::getAllPropertiesAsync()
+    {
+        return AsyncAllPropertiesGetter(*this);
+    }
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates a proxy object for a specific remote D-Bus object
+     *
+     * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
+     * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides the remote D-Bus object
+     * @param[in] objectPath Path of the remote D-Bus object
+     * @return Pointer to the proxy object instance
+     *
+     * The provided connection will be used by the proxy to issue calls against the object,
+     * and signals, if any, will be subscribed to on this connection. The caller still
+     * remains the owner of the connection (the proxy just keeps a reference to it), and
+     * should make sure that an I/O event loop is running on that connection, so the proxy
+     * may receive incoming signals and asynchronous method replies.
+     *
+     * The destination parameter may be an empty string (useful e.g. in case of direct
+     * D-Bus connections to a custom server bus).
+     *
+     * Code example:
+     * @code
+     * auto proxy = sdbus::createProxy(connection, "com.kistler.foo", "/com/kistler/foo");
+     * @endcode
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( sdbus::IConnection& connection
+                                                            , ServiceName destination
+                                                            , ObjectPath objectPath );
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates a proxy object for a specific remote D-Bus object
+     *
+     * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
+     * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides the remote D-Bus object
+     * @param[in] objectPath Path of the remote D-Bus object
+     * @return Pointer to the object proxy instance
+     *
+     * The provided connection will be used by the proxy to issue calls against the object,
+     * and signals, if any, will be subscribed to on this connection. The Object proxy becomes
+     * an exclusive owner of this connection, and will automatically start a procesing loop
+     * upon that connection in a separate internal thread. Handlers for incoming signals and
+     * asynchronous method replies will be executed in the context of that thread.
+     *
+     * The destination parameter may be an empty string (useful e.g. in case of direct
+     * D-Bus connections to a custom server bus).
+     *
+     * Code example:
+     * @code
+     * auto proxy = sdbus::createProxy(std::move(connection), "com.kistler.foo", "/com/kistler/foo");
+     * @endcode
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&& connection
+                                                            , ServiceName destination
+                                                            , ObjectPath objectPath );
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates a light-weight proxy object for a specific remote D-Bus object
+     *
+     * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
+     * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides the remote D-Bus object
+     * @param[in] objectPath Path of the remote D-Bus object
+     * @return Pointer to the object proxy instance
+     *
+     * The provided connection will be used by the proxy to issue calls against the object.
+     * The Object proxy becomes an exclusive owner of this connection, but will not start
+     * an event loop thread on this connection. This is cheap construction and is suitable
+     * for short-lived proxies created just to execute simple synchronous D-Bus calls and
+     * then destroyed. Such blocking request-reply calls will work without an event loop
+     * (but signals, async calls, etc. won't).
+     *
+     * The destination parameter may be an empty string (useful e.g. in case of direct
+     * D-Bus connections to a custom server bus).
+     *
+     * Code example:
+     * @code
+     * auto proxy = sdbus::createProxy(std::move(connection), "com.kistler.foo", "/com/kistler/foo", sdbus::dont_run_event_loop_thread);
+     * @endcode
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&& connection
+                                                            , ServiceName destination
+                                                            , ObjectPath objectPath
+                                                            , dont_run_event_loop_thread_t );
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates a light-weight proxy object for a specific remote D-Bus object
+     *
+     * Does the same thing as createProxy(std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&&, ServiceName, ObjectPath, dont_run_event_loop_thread_t);
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createLightWeightProxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&& connection
+                                                                       , ServiceName destination
+                                                                       , ObjectPath objectPath );
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates a proxy object for a specific remote D-Bus object
+     *
+     * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides the remote D-Bus object
+     * @param[in] objectPath Path of the remote D-Bus object
+     * @return Pointer to the object proxy instance
+     *
+     * No D-Bus connection is provided here, so the object proxy will create and manage
+     * his own connection, and will automatically start an event loop upon that connection
+     * in a separate internal thread. Handlers for incoming signals and asynchronous
+     * method replies will be executed in the context of that thread.
+     *
+     * Code example:
+     * @code
+     * auto proxy = sdbus::createProxy("com.kistler.foo", "/com/kistler/foo");
+     * @endcode
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( ServiceName destination
+                                                            , ObjectPath objectPath );
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates a light-weight proxy object for a specific remote D-Bus object
+     *
+     * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides the remote D-Bus object
+     * @param[in] objectPath Path of the remote D-Bus object
+     * @return Pointer to the object proxy instance
+     *
+     * No D-Bus connection is provided here, so the object proxy will create and manage
+     * his own connection, but it will not start an event loop thread. This is cheap
+     * construction and is suitable for short-lived proxies created just to execute simple
+     * synchronous D-Bus calls and then destroyed. Such blocking request-reply calls
+     * will work without an event loop (but signals, async calls, etc. won't).
+     *
+     * Code example:
+     * @code
+     * auto proxy = sdbus::createProxy("com.kistler.foo", "/com/kistler/foo", sdbus::dont_run_event_loop_thread );
+     * @endcode
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( ServiceName destination
+                                                            , ObjectPath objectPath
+                                                            , dont_run_event_loop_thread_t );
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Creates a light-weight proxy object for a specific remote D-Bus object
+     *
+     * Does the same thing as createProxy(ServiceName, ObjectPath, dont_run_event_loop_thread_t);
+     */
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createLightWeightProxy(ServiceName destination, ObjectPath objectPath);
+
+}
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceApiClasses.inl>
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_IPROXY_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/Interfaces.h

@@ -1,156 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file Interfaces.h
- *
- * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTERFACES_H_
-#define SDBUS_CXX_INTERFACES_H_
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObjectProxy.h>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <string>
-#include <memory>
-
-// Forward declarations
-namespace sdbus {
-    class IConnection;
-}
-
-namespace sdbus {
-
-    template <typename _Object>
-    class ObjectHolder
-    {
-    protected:
-        ObjectHolder(std::unique_ptr<_Object>&& object)
-            : object_(std::move(object))
-        {
-        }
-
-        const _Object& getObject() const
-        {
-            assert(object_ != nullptr);
-            return *object_;
-        }
-
-        _Object& getObject()
-        {
-            assert(object_ != nullptr);
-            return *object_;
-        }
-
-    private:
-        std::unique_ptr<_Object> object_;
-    };
-
-    /********************************************//**
-     * @class Interfaces
-     *
-     * A helper template class that a user class representing a D-Bus object
-     * should inherit from, providing as template arguments the adaptor
-     * classes representing D-Bus interfaces that the object implements.
-     *
-     ***********************************************/
-    template <typename... _Interfaces>
-    class Interfaces
-        : private ObjectHolder<IObject>
-        , public _Interfaces...
-    {
-    public:
-        Interfaces(IConnection& connection, std::string objectPath)
-            : ObjectHolder<IObject>(createObject(connection, std::move(objectPath)))
-            , _Interfaces(getObject())...
-        {
-            getObject().finishRegistration();
-        }
-    };
-
-    /********************************************//**
-     * @class Interfaces
-     *
-     * A helper template class that a user class representing a proxy of a
-     * D-Bus object should inherit from, providing as template arguments the proxy
-     * classes representing object D-Bus interfaces that the object implements.
-     *
-     ***********************************************/
-    template <typename... _Interfaces>
-    class ProxyInterfaces
-        : private ObjectHolder<IObjectProxy>
-        , public _Interfaces...
-    {
-    public:
-        /*!
-        * @brief Creates fully working object proxy instance
-        *
-        * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
-        * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
-        *
-        * This constructor overload creates a proxy that manages its own D-Bus connection(s).
-        * For more information on its behavior, consult @ref createObjectProxy(std::string, std::string)
-        */
-        ProxyInterfaces(std::string destination, std::string objectPath)
-            : ObjectHolder<IObjectProxy>(createObjectProxy(std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath)))
-            , _Interfaces(getObject())...
-        {
-            getObject().finishRegistration();
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Creates fully working object proxy instance
-        *
-        * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
-        * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
-        * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
-        *
-        * The proxy created this way just references a D-Bus connection owned and managed by the user.
-        * For more information on its behavior, consult @ref createObjectProxy(IConnection&,std::string, std::string)
-        */
-        ProxyInterfaces(IConnection& connection, std::string destination, std::string objectPath)
-            : ObjectHolder<IObjectProxy>(createObjectProxy(connection, std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath)))
-            , _Interfaces(getObject())...
-        {
-            getObject().finishRegistration();
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        * @brief Creates fully working object proxy instance
-        *
-        * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
-        * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
-        * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
-        *
-        * The proxy created this way becomes an owner of the connection.
-        * For more information on its behavior, consult @ref createObjectProxy(std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&&,std::string, std::string)
-        */
-        ProxyInterfaces(std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&& connection, std::string destination, std::string objectPath)
-            : ObjectHolder<IObjectProxy>(createObjectProxy(std::move(connection), std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath)))
-            , _Interfaces(getObject())...
-        {
-            getObject().finishRegistration();
-        }
-    };
-
-}
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERFACES_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/Introspection.h

@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file Introspection.h
- *
- * Created on: Dec 13, 2016
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTROSPECTION_H_
-#define SDBUS_CXX_INTROSPECTION_H_
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObjectProxy.h>
-#include <string>
-
-namespace sdbus {
-
-    // Proxy for introspection
-    class introspectable_proxy
-    {
-        static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable";
-
-    protected:
-        introspectable_proxy(sdbus::IObjectProxy& object)
-            : object_(object)
-        {
-        }
-
-    public:
-        std::string Introspect()
-        {
-            std::string xml;
-            object_.callMethod("Introspect").onInterface(interfaceName).storeResultsTo(xml);
-            return xml;
-        }
-
-    private:
-        sdbus::IObjectProxy& object_;
-    };
-
-    // Adaptor is not necessary if we want to rely on sdbus-provided introspection
-//    class introspectable_adaptor
-//    {
-//        static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable";
-//
-//    protected:
-//        introspectable_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object)
-//            : object_(object)
-//        {
-//            object_.registerMethod("Introspect").onInterface(interfaceName).implementedAs([this](){ return object_.introspect(); });
-//        }
-//
-//    public:
-//        std::string introspect()
-//        {
-//            std::string xml;
-//            object_.callMethod("Introspect").onInterface(interfaceName).storeResultsTo(xml);
-//            return xml;
-//        }
-//
-//    private:
-//        sdbus::IObject& object_;
-//    };
-
-}
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTROSPECTION_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/Message.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Message.h
  *
@@ -26,17 +27,27 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_MESSAGE_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_MESSAGE_H_
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-#include <map>
-#include <memory>
-#include <utility>
-#include <cstdint>
-#include <cassert>
+#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
 
-#include <iostream>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <array>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <functional>
+#include <map>
+#ifdef __has_include
+#  if __has_include(<span>)
+#    include <span>
+#  endif
+#endif
+#include <string>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <variant>
+#include <vector>
 
 // Forward declarations
 namespace sdbus {
@@ -44,43 +55,31 @@ namespace sdbus {
     class ObjectPath;
     class Signature;
     template <typename... _ValueTypes> class Struct;
+    class UnixFd;
     class MethodReply;
     namespace internal {
-        class ISdBus;
+        class IConnection;
     }
 }
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
-    // Assume the caller has already obtained message ownership
-    struct adopt_message_t { explicit adopt_message_t() = default; };
-#ifdef __cpp_inline_variables
-    inline constexpr adopt_message_t adopt_message{};
-#else
-    constexpr adopt_message_t adopt_message{};
-#endif
-
     /********************************************//**
      * @class Message
      *
      * Message represents a D-Bus message, which can be either method call message,
-     * method reply message, signal message, or a plain message serving as a storage
-     * for serialized data.
+     * method reply message, signal message, or a plain message.
      *
      * Serialization and deserialization functions are provided for types supported
      * by D-Bus.
      *
-     * You don't need to work with this class directly if you use high-level APIs
-     * of @c IObject and @c IObjectProxy.
+     * You mostly don't need to work with this class directly if you use high-level
+     * APIs of @c IObject and @c IProxy.
      *
      ***********************************************/
-    class Message
+    class [[nodiscard]] Message
     {
     public:
-        Message() = default;
-        Message(internal::ISdBus* sdbus) noexcept;
-        Message(void *msg, internal::ISdBus* sdbus) noexcept;
-        Message(void *msg, internal::ISdBus* sdbus, adopt_message_t) noexcept;
         Message(const Message&) noexcept;
         Message& operator=(const Message&) noexcept;
         Message(Message&& other) noexcept;
@@ -98,9 +97,33 @@ namespace sdbus {
         Message& operator<<(double item);
         Message& operator<<(const char *item);
         Message& operator<<(const std::string &item);
+        Message& operator<<(std::string_view item);
         Message& operator<<(const Variant &item);
+        template <typename ...Elements>
+        Message& operator<<(const std::variant<Elements...>& value);
         Message& operator<<(const ObjectPath &item);
         Message& operator<<(const Signature &item);
+        Message& operator<<(const UnixFd &item);
+        template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+        Message& operator<<(const std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>& items);
+        template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Size>
+        Message& operator<<(const std::array<_Element, _Size>& items);
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_span
+        template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Extent>
+        Message& operator<<(const std::span<_Element, _Extent>& items);
+#endif
+        template <typename _Enum, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<_Enum>>>
+        Message& operator<<(const _Enum& item);
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value>
+        Message& operator<<(const DictEntry<_Key, _Value>& value);
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Compare, typename _Allocator>
+        Message& operator<<(const std::map<_Key, _Value, _Compare, _Allocator>& items);
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Hash, typename _KeyEqual, typename _Allocator>
+        Message& operator<<(const std::unordered_map<_Key, _Value, _Hash, _KeyEqual, _Allocator>& items);
+        template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+        Message& operator<<(const Struct<_ValueTypes...>& item);
+        template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+        Message& operator<<(const std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>& item);
 
         Message& operator>>(bool& item);
         Message& operator>>(int16_t& item);
@@ -114,116 +137,322 @@ namespace sdbus {
         Message& operator>>(char*& item);
         Message& operator>>(std::string &item);
         Message& operator>>(Variant &item);
+        template <typename ...Elements>
+        Message& operator>>(std::variant<Elements...>& value);
         Message& operator>>(ObjectPath &item);
         Message& operator>>(Signature &item);
+        Message& operator>>(UnixFd &item);
+        template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+        Message& operator>>(std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>& items);
+        template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Size>
+        Message& operator>>(std::array<_Element, _Size>& items);
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_span
+        template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Extent>
+        Message& operator>>(std::span<_Element, _Extent>& items);
+#endif
+        template <typename _Enum, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<_Enum>>>
+        Message& operator>>(_Enum& item);
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value>
+        Message& operator>>(DictEntry<_Key, _Value>& value);
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Compare, typename _Allocator>
+        Message& operator>>(std::map<_Key, _Value, _Compare, _Allocator>& items);
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Hash, typename _KeyEqual, typename _Allocator>
+        Message& operator>>(std::unordered_map<_Key, _Value, _Hash, _KeyEqual, _Allocator>& items);
+        template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+        Message& operator>>(Struct<_ValueTypes...>& item);
+        template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+        Message& operator>>(std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>& item);
 
-        Message& openContainer(const std::string& signature);
+        template <typename _ElementType>
+        Message& openContainer();
+        Message& openContainer(const char* signature);
         Message& closeContainer();
-        Message& openDictEntry(const std::string& signature);
+        template <typename _KeyType, typename _ValueType>
+        Message& openDictEntry();
+        Message& openDictEntry(const char* signature);
         Message& closeDictEntry();
-        Message& openVariant(const std::string& signature);
+        template <typename _ValueType>
+        Message& openVariant();
+        Message& openVariant(const char* signature);
         Message& closeVariant();
-        Message& openStruct(const std::string& signature);
+        template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+        Message& openStruct();
+        Message& openStruct(const char* signature);
         Message& closeStruct();
 
-        Message& enterContainer(const std::string& signature);
+        template <typename _ElementType>
+        Message& enterContainer();
+        Message& enterContainer(const char* signature);
         Message& exitContainer();
-        Message& enterDictEntry(const std::string& signature);
+        template <typename _KeyType, typename _ValueType>
+        Message& enterDictEntry();
+        Message& enterDictEntry(const char* signature);
         Message& exitDictEntry();
-        Message& enterVariant(const std::string& signature);
+        template <typename _ValueType>
+        Message& enterVariant();
+        Message& enterVariant(const char* signature);
         Message& exitVariant();
-        Message& enterStruct(const std::string& signature);
+        template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+        Message& enterStruct();
+        Message& enterStruct(const char* signature);
         Message& exitStruct();
 
-        operator bool() const;
+        Message& appendArray(char type, const void *ptr, size_t size);
+        Message& readArray(char type, const void **ptr, size_t *size);
+
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Callback>
+        Message& serializeDictionary(const _Callback& callback);
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value>
+        Message& serializeDictionary(const std::initializer_list<DictEntry<_Key, _Value>>& dictEntries);
+        template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Callback>
+        Message& deserializeDictionary(const _Callback& callback);
+
+        explicit operator bool() const;
         void clearFlags();
 
-        std::string getInterfaceName() const;
-        std::string getMemberName() const;
-        void peekType(std::string& type, std::string& contents) const;
+        const char* getInterfaceName() const;
+        const char* getMemberName() const;
+        const char* getSender() const;
+        const char* getPath() const;
+        const char* getDestination() const;
+        uint64_t getCookie() const;
+        // TODO: short docs in whole Message API
+        std::pair<char, const char*> peekType() const;
         bool isValid() const;
         bool isEmpty() const;
+        bool isAtEnd(bool complete) const;
 
         void copyTo(Message& destination, bool complete) const;
         void seal();
         void rewind(bool complete);
 
+        pid_t getCredsPid() const;
+        uid_t getCredsUid() const;
+        uid_t getCredsEuid() const;
+        gid_t getCredsGid() const;
+        gid_t getCredsEgid() const;
+        std::vector<gid_t> getCredsSupplementaryGids() const;
+        std::string getSELinuxContext() const;
+
+        class Factory;
+
+    private:
+        template <typename _Array>
+        void serializeArray(const _Array& items);
+        template <typename _Array>
+        void deserializeArray(_Array& items);
+        template <typename _Array>
+        void deserializeArrayFast(_Array& items);
+        template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+        void deserializeArrayFast(std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>& items);
+        template <typename _Array>
+        void deserializeArraySlow(_Array& items);
+        template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+        void deserializeArraySlow(std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>& items);
+
+    protected:
+        Message() = default;
+        explicit Message(internal::IConnection* connection) noexcept;
+        Message(void *msg, internal::IConnection* connection) noexcept;
+        Message(void *msg, internal::IConnection* connection, adopt_message_t) noexcept;
+
+        friend Factory;
+
     protected:
         void* msg_{};
-        internal::ISdBus* sdbus_{};
+        internal::IConnection* connection_{};
         mutable bool ok_{true};
     };
 
     class MethodCall : public Message
     {
-    public:
         using Message::Message;
-        MethodReply send() const;
+        friend Factory;
+
+    public:
+        MethodCall() = default;
+
+        MethodReply send(uint64_t timeout) const;
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot send(void* callback, void* userData, uint64_t timeout, return_slot_t) const;
+
         MethodReply createReply() const;
         MethodReply createErrorReply(const sdbus::Error& error) const;
+
         void dontExpectReply();
         bool doesntExpectReply() const;
 
-    private:
-        MethodReply sendWithReply() const;
-        MethodReply sendWithNoReply() const;
-    };
+    protected:
+        MethodCall(void *msg, internal::IConnection* connection, adopt_message_t) noexcept;
 
-    class AsyncMethodCall : public Message
-    {
-    public:
-        using Message::Message;
-        AsyncMethodCall() = default; // Fixes gcc 6.3 error (default c-tor is not imported in above using declaration)
-        AsyncMethodCall(MethodCall&& call) noexcept;
-        void send(void* callback, void* userData) const;
+    private:
+        MethodReply sendWithReply(uint64_t timeout = 0) const;
+        MethodReply sendWithNoReply() const;
     };
 
     class MethodReply : public Message
     {
-    public:
         using Message::Message;
+        friend Factory;
+
+    public:
+        MethodReply() = default;
         void send() const;
+        uint64_t getReplyCookie() const;
     };
 
     class Signal : public Message
     {
-    public:
         using Message::Message;
+        friend Factory;
+
+    public:
+        Signal() = default;
+        void setDestination(const std::string& destination);
+        void setDestination(const char* destination);
         void send() const;
     };
 
-    template <typename _Element>
-    inline Message& operator<<(Message& msg, const std::vector<_Element>& items)
+    class PropertySetCall : public Message
     {
-        msg.openContainer(signature_of<_Element>::str());
+        using Message::Message;
+        friend Factory;
 
-        for (const auto& item : items)
-            msg << item;
+    public:
+        PropertySetCall() = default;
+    };
 
-        msg.closeContainer();
+    class PropertyGetReply : public Message
+    {
+        using Message::Message;
+        friend Factory;
 
-        return msg;
+    public:
+        PropertyGetReply() = default;
+    };
+
+    // Represents any of the above message types, or just a message that serves as a container for data
+    class PlainMessage : public Message
+    {
+        using Message::Message;
+        friend Factory;
+
+    public:
+        PlainMessage() = default;
+    };
+
+    PlainMessage createPlainMessage();
+
+    template <typename ...Elements>
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const std::variant<Elements...>& value)
+    {
+        std::visit([this](const auto& inner)
+        {
+            openVariant<decltype(inner)>();
+            *this << inner;
+            closeVariant();
+        }, value);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>& items)
+    {
+        serializeArray(items);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Size>
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const std::array<_Element, _Size>& items)
+    {
+        serializeArray(items);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_span
+    template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Extent>
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const std::span<_Element, _Extent>& items)
+    {
+        serializeArray(items);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    template <typename _Enum, typename>
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const _Enum &item)
+    {
+        return operator<<(static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<_Enum>>(item));
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Array>
+    inline void Message::serializeArray(const _Array& items)
+    {
+        using ElementType = typename _Array::value_type;
+
+        // Use faster, one-step serialization of contiguous array of elements of trivial D-Bus types except bool,
+        // otherwise use step-by-step serialization of individual elements.
+        if constexpr (signature_of<ElementType>::is_trivial_dbus_type && !std::is_same_v<ElementType, bool>)
+        {
+            constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<ElementType>);
+            appendArray(*signature.data(), items.data(), items.size() * sizeof(ElementType));
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            openContainer<ElementType>();
+
+            for (const auto& item : items)
+                *this << item;
+
+            closeContainer();
+        }
     }
 
     template <typename _Key, typename _Value>
-    inline Message& operator<<(Message& msg, const std::map<_Key, _Value>& items)
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const DictEntry<_Key, _Value>& value)
     {
-        const std::string dictEntrySignature = signature_of<_Key>::str() + signature_of<_Value>::str();
-        const std::string arraySignature = "{" + dictEntrySignature + "}";
+        openDictEntry<_Key, _Value>();
+        *this << value.first;
+        *this << value.second;
+        closeDictEntry();
 
-        msg.openContainer(arraySignature);
+        return *this;
+    }
 
-        for (const auto& item : items)
-        {
-            msg.openDictEntry(dictEntrySignature);
-            msg << item.first;
-            msg << item.second;
-            msg.closeDictEntry();
-        }
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Compare, typename _Allocator>
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const std::map<_Key, _Value, _Compare, _Allocator>& items)
+    {
+        serializeDictionary<_Key, _Value>([&items](Message& msg){ for (const auto& item : items) msg << item; });
 
-        msg.closeContainer();
+        return *this;
+    }
 
-        return msg;
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Hash, typename _KeyEqual, typename _Allocator>
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const std::unordered_map<_Key, _Value, _Hash, _KeyEqual, _Allocator>& items)
+    {
+        serializeDictionary<_Key, _Value>([&items](Message& msg){ for (const auto& item : items) msg << item; });
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value>
+    inline Message& Message::serializeDictionary(const std::initializer_list<DictEntry<_Key, _Value>>& items)
+    {
+        serializeDictionary<_Key, _Value>([&](Message& msg){ for (const auto& item : items) msg << item; });
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Callback>
+    inline Message& Message::serializeDictionary(const _Callback& callback)
+    {
+        openContainer<DictEntry<_Key, _Value>>();
+        callback(*this);
+        closeContainer();
+
+        return *this;
     }
 
     namespace detail
@@ -231,10 +460,7 @@ namespace sdbus {
         template <typename... _Args>
         void serialize_pack(Message& msg, _Args&&... args)
         {
-            // Use initializer_list because it guarantees left to right order, and can be empty
-            using _ = std::initializer_list<int>;
-            // We are not interested in the list itself, but in the side effects
-            (void)_{(void(msg << std::forward<_Args>(args)), 0)...};
+            (void)(msg << ... << args);
         }
 
         template <class _Tuple, std::size_t... _Is>
@@ -247,78 +473,216 @@ namespace sdbus {
     }
 
     template <typename... _ValueTypes>
-    inline Message& operator<<(Message& msg, const Struct<_ValueTypes...>& item)
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const Struct<_ValueTypes...>& item)
     {
-        auto structSignature = signature_of<Struct<_ValueTypes...>>::str();
-        assert(structSignature.size() > 2);
-        // Remove opening and closing parenthesis from the struct signature to get contents signature
-        auto structContentSignature = structSignature.substr(1, structSignature.size()-2);
+        openStruct<_ValueTypes...>();
+        detail::serialize_tuple(*this, item, std::index_sequence_for<_ValueTypes...>{});
+        closeStruct();
 
-        msg.openStruct(structContentSignature);
-        detail::serialize_tuple(msg, item, std::index_sequence_for<_ValueTypes...>{});
-        msg.closeStruct();
-
-        return msg;
+        return *this;
     }
 
     template <typename... _ValueTypes>
-    inline Message& operator<<(Message& msg, const std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>& item)
+    inline Message& Message::operator<<(const std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>& item)
     {
-        detail::serialize_tuple(msg, item, std::index_sequence_for<_ValueTypes...>{});
-        return msg;
+        detail::serialize_tuple(*this, item, std::index_sequence_for<_ValueTypes...>{});
+        return *this;
     }
 
-
-    template <typename _Element>
-    inline Message& operator>>(Message& msg, std::vector<_Element>& items)
+    namespace detail
     {
-        if(!msg.enterContainer(signature_of<_Element>::str()))
-            return msg;
+        template <typename _Element, typename... _Elements>
+        bool deserialize_variant(Message& msg, std::variant<_Elements...>& value, const char* signature)
+        {
+            constexpr auto elemSignature = as_null_terminated(sdbus::signature_of_v<_Element>);
+            if (std::strcmp(signature, elemSignature.data()) != 0)
+                return false;
+
+            _Element temp;
+            msg.enterVariant(signature);
+            msg >> temp;
+            msg.exitVariant();
+            value = std::move(temp);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    template <typename... Elements>
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(std::variant<Elements...>& value)
+    {
+        auto [type, contents] = peekType();
+        bool result = (detail::deserialize_variant<Elements>(*this, value, contents) || ...);
+        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!result, "Failed to deserialize variant: signature did not match any of the variant types", EINVAL);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>& items)
+    {
+        deserializeArray(items);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Size>
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(std::array<_Element, _Size>& items)
+    {
+        deserializeArray(items);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_span
+    template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Extent>
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(std::span<_Element, _Extent>& items)
+    {
+        deserializeArray(items);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    template <typename _Enum, typename>
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(_Enum& item)
+    {
+        std::underlying_type_t<_Enum> val;
+        *this >> val;
+        item = static_cast<_Enum>(val);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Array>
+    inline void Message::deserializeArray(_Array& items)
+    {
+        using ElementType = typename _Array::value_type;
+
+        // Use faster, one-step deserialization of contiguous array of elements of trivial D-Bus types except bool,
+        // otherwise use step-by-step deserialization of individual elements.
+        if constexpr (signature_of<ElementType>::is_trivial_dbus_type && !std::is_same_v<ElementType, bool>)
+        {
+            deserializeArrayFast(items);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            deserializeArraySlow(items);
+        }
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Array>
+    inline void Message::deserializeArrayFast(_Array& items)
+    {
+        using ElementType = typename _Array::value_type;
+
+        size_t arraySize{};
+        const ElementType* arrayPtr{};
+
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(sdbus::signature_of_v<ElementType>);
+        readArray(*signature.data(), (const void**)&arrayPtr, &arraySize);
+
+        size_t elementsInMsg = arraySize / sizeof(ElementType);
+        bool notEnoughSpace = items.size() < elementsInMsg;
+        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(notEnoughSpace, "Failed to deserialize array: not enough space in destination sequence", EINVAL);
+
+        std::copy_n(arrayPtr, elementsInMsg, items.begin());
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+    void Message::deserializeArrayFast(std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>& items)
+    {
+        size_t arraySize{};
+        const _Element* arrayPtr{};
+
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(sdbus::signature_of_v<_Element>);
+        readArray(*signature.data(), (const void**)&arrayPtr, &arraySize);
+
+        items.insert(items.end(), arrayPtr, arrayPtr + (arraySize / sizeof(_Element)));
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Array>
+    inline void Message::deserializeArraySlow(_Array& items)
+    {
+        using ElementType = typename _Array::value_type;
+
+        if(!enterContainer<ElementType>())
+            return;
+
+        for (auto& elem : items)
+            if (!(*this >> elem))
+                break; // Keep the rest in the destination sequence untouched
+
+        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!isAtEnd(false), "Failed to deserialize array: not enough space in destination sequence", EINVAL);
+
+        clearFlags();
+
+        exitContainer();
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+    void Message::deserializeArraySlow(std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>& items)
+    {
+        if(!enterContainer<_Element>())
+            return;
 
         while (true)
         {
             _Element elem;
-            if (msg >> elem)
+            if (*this >> elem)
                 items.emplace_back(std::move(elem));
             else
                 break;
         }
 
-        msg.clearFlags();
+        clearFlags();
 
-        msg.exitContainer();
-
-        return msg;
+        exitContainer();
     }
 
     template <typename _Key, typename _Value>
-    inline Message& operator>>(Message& msg, std::map<_Key, _Value>& items)
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(DictEntry<_Key, _Value>& value)
     {
-        const std::string dictEntrySignature = signature_of<_Key>::str() + signature_of<_Value>::str();
-        const std::string arraySignature = "{" + dictEntrySignature + "}";
+        if (!enterDictEntry<_Key, _Value>())
+            return *this;
+        *this >> value.first >> value.second;
+        exitDictEntry();
 
-        if (!msg.enterContainer(arraySignature))
-            return msg;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Compare, typename _Allocator>
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(std::map<_Key, _Value, _Compare, _Allocator>& items)
+    {
+        deserializeDictionary<_Key, _Value>([&items](auto dictEntry){ items.insert(std::move(dictEntry)); });
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Hash, typename _KeyEqual, typename _Allocator>
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(std::unordered_map<_Key, _Value, _Hash, _KeyEqual, _Allocator>& items)
+    {
+        deserializeDictionary<_Key, _Value>([&items](auto dictEntry){ items.insert(std::move(dictEntry)); });
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Callback>
+    inline Message& Message::deserializeDictionary(const _Callback& callback)
+    {
+        if (!enterContainer<DictEntry<_Key, _Value>>())
+            return *this;
 
         while (true)
         {
-            if (!msg.enterDictEntry(dictEntrySignature))
+            DictEntry<_Key, _Value> dictEntry;
+            *this >> dictEntry;
+            if (!*this)
                 break;
-
-            _Key key;
-            _Value value;
-            msg >> key >> value;
-
-            items.emplace(std::move(key), std::move(value));
-
-            msg.exitDictEntry();
+            callback(std::move(dictEntry));
         }
+        clearFlags();
 
-        msg.clearFlags();
+        exitContainer();
 
-        msg.exitContainer();
-
-        return msg;
+        return *this;
     }
 
     namespace detail
@@ -326,10 +690,7 @@ namespace sdbus {
         template <typename... _Args>
         void deserialize_pack(Message& msg, _Args&... args)
         {
-            // Use initializer_list because it guarantees left to right order, and can be empty
-            using _ = std::initializer_list<int>;
-            // We are not interested in the list itself, but in the side effects
-            (void)_{(void(msg >> args), 0)...};
+            (void)(msg >> ... >> args);
         }
 
         template <class _Tuple, std::size_t... _Is>
@@ -342,27 +703,79 @@ namespace sdbus {
     }
 
     template <typename... _ValueTypes>
-    inline Message& operator>>(Message& msg, Struct<_ValueTypes...>& item)
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(Struct<_ValueTypes...>& item)
     {
-        auto structSignature = signature_of<Struct<_ValueTypes...>>::str();
-        // Remove opening and closing parenthesis from the struct signature to get contents signature
-        auto structContentSignature = structSignature.substr(1, structSignature.size()-2);
+        if (!enterStruct<_ValueTypes...>())
+            return *this;
 
-        if (!msg.enterStruct(structContentSignature))
-            return msg;
+        detail::deserialize_tuple(*this, item, std::index_sequence_for<_ValueTypes...>{});
 
-        detail::deserialize_tuple(msg, item, std::index_sequence_for<_ValueTypes...>{});
+        exitStruct();
 
-        msg.exitStruct();
-
-        return msg;
+        return *this;
     }
 
     template <typename... _ValueTypes>
-    inline Message& operator>>(Message& msg, std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>& item)
+    inline Message& Message::operator>>(std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>& item)
     {
-        detail::deserialize_tuple(msg, item, std::index_sequence_for<_ValueTypes...>{});
-        return msg;
+        detail::deserialize_tuple(*this, item, std::index_sequence_for<_ValueTypes...>{});
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _ElementType>
+    inline Message& Message::openContainer()
+    {
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<_ElementType>);
+        return openContainer(signature.data());
+    }
+
+    template <typename _KeyType, typename _ValueType>
+    inline Message& Message::openDictEntry()
+    {
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<std::tuple<_KeyType, _ValueType>>);
+        return openDictEntry(signature.data());
+    }
+
+    template <typename _ValueType>
+    inline Message& Message::openVariant()
+    {
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<_ValueType>);
+        return openVariant(signature.data());
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+    inline Message& Message::openStruct()
+    {
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>>);
+        return openStruct(signature.data());
+    }
+
+    template <typename _ElementType>
+    inline Message& Message::enterContainer()
+    {
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<_ElementType>);
+        return enterContainer(signature.data());
+    }
+
+    template <typename _KeyType, typename _ValueType>
+    inline Message& Message::enterDictEntry()
+    {
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<std::tuple<_KeyType, _ValueType>>);
+        return enterDictEntry(signature.data());
+    }
+
+    template <typename _ValueType>
+    inline Message& Message::enterVariant()
+    {
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<_ValueType>);
+        return enterVariant(signature.data());
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+    inline Message& Message::enterStruct()
+    {
+        constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>>);
+        return enterStruct(signature.data());
     }
 
 }

include/sdbus-c++/MethodResult.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file MethodResult.h
  *
@@ -27,47 +28,16 @@
 #define SDBUS_CXX_METHODRESULT_H_
 
 #include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
+
 #include <cassert>
 
-// Forward declaration
+// Forward declarations
 namespace sdbus {
-    namespace internal {
-        class Object;
-    }
     class Error;
 }
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
-    /********************************************//**
-     * @class MethodResult
-     *
-     * Represents result of an asynchronous server-side method.
-     * An instance is provided to the method and shall be set
-     * by the method to either method return value or an error.
-     *
-     ***********************************************/
-    class MethodResult
-    {
-    protected:
-        friend sdbus::internal::Object;
-
-        MethodResult() = default;
-        MethodResult(MethodCall msg);
-
-        MethodResult(const MethodResult&) = delete;
-        MethodResult& operator=(const MethodResult&) = delete;
-
-        MethodResult(MethodResult&& other) = default;
-        MethodResult& operator=(MethodResult&& other) = default;
-
-        template <typename... _Results> void returnResults(const _Results&... results) const;
-        void returnError(const Error& error) const;
-
-    private:
-        MethodCall call_;
-    };
-
     /********************************************//**
      * @class Result
      *
@@ -77,18 +47,47 @@ namespace sdbus {
      *
      ***********************************************/
     template <typename... _Results>
-    class Result : protected MethodResult
+    class Result
     {
     public:
         Result() = default;
-        Result(MethodResult&& result);
+        Result(MethodCall call);
+
+        Result(const Result&) = delete;
+        Result& operator=(const Result&) = delete;
+
+        Result(Result&& other) = default;
+        Result& operator=(Result&& other) = default;
 
         void returnResults(const _Results&... results) const;
         void returnError(const Error& error) const;
+
+    private:
+        MethodCall call_;
     };
 
+    template <typename... _Results>
+    inline Result<_Results...>::Result(MethodCall call)
+        : call_(std::move(call))
+    {
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Results>
+    inline void Result<_Results...>::returnResults(const _Results&... results) const
+    {
+        assert(call_.isValid());
+        auto reply = call_.createReply();
+        (void)(reply << ... << results);
+        reply.send();
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Results>
+    inline void Result<_Results...>::returnError(const Error& error) const
+    {
+        auto reply = call_.createErrorReply(error);
+        reply.send();
+    }
+
 }
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/MethodResult.inl>
-
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_METHODRESULT_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/MethodResult.inl

@@ -1,79 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file MethodResult.inl
- *
- * Created on: Mar 21, 2019
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_METHODRESULT_INL_
-#define SDBUS_CXX_METHODRESULT_INL_
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/MethodResult.h>
-#include <cassert>
-
-namespace sdbus {
-
-    inline MethodResult::MethodResult(MethodCall msg)
-        : call_(std::move(msg))
-    {
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Results>
-    inline void MethodResult::returnResults(const _Results&... results) const
-    {
-        assert(call_.isValid());
-        auto reply = call_.createReply();
-#ifdef __cpp_fold_expressions
-        (reply << ... << results);
-#else
-        using _ = std::initializer_list<int>;
-        (void)_{(void(reply << results), 0)...};
-#endif
-        reply.send();
-    }
-
-    inline void MethodResult::returnError(const Error& error) const
-    {
-        auto reply = call_.createErrorReply(error);
-        reply.send();
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Results>
-    inline Result<_Results...>::Result(MethodResult&& result)
-        : MethodResult(std::move(result))
-    {
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Results>
-    inline void Result<_Results...>::returnResults(const _Results&... results) const
-    {
-        MethodResult::returnResults(results...);
-    }
-
-    template <typename... _Results>
-    inline void Result<_Results...>::returnError(const Error& error) const
-    {
-        MethodResult::returnError(error);
-    }
-
-}
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_METHODRESULT_INL_ */

include/sdbus-c++/ProxyInterfaces.h

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file ProxyInterfaces.h
+ *
+ * Created on: Apr 8, 2019
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_PROXYINTERFACES_H_
+#define SDBUS_CXX_PROXYINTERFACES_H_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/IProxy.h>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <string>
+#include <memory>
+
+// Forward declarations
+namespace sdbus {
+    class IConnection;
+}
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class ProxyObjectHolder
+     *
+     * ProxyObjectHolder is a helper that simply owns and provides
+     * access to a proxy object to other classes in the inheritance
+     * hierarchy of a native-like proxy object based on generated
+     * interface classes.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    class ProxyObjectHolder
+    {
+    protected:
+        ProxyObjectHolder(std::unique_ptr<IProxy>&& proxy)
+            : proxy_(std::move(proxy))
+        {
+            assert(proxy_ != nullptr);
+        }
+
+        const IProxy& getProxy() const
+        {
+            assert(proxy_ != nullptr);
+            return *proxy_;
+        }
+
+        IProxy& getProxy()
+        {
+            assert(proxy_ != nullptr);
+            return *proxy_;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        std::unique_ptr<IProxy> proxy_;
+    };
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class ProxyInterfaces
+     *
+     * ProxyInterfaces is a helper template class that joins all interface classes of a remote
+     * D-Bus object generated by sdbus-c++-xml2cpp to be used on the client (the proxy) side,
+     * including some auxiliary classes. ProxyInterfaces is the class that native-like proxy
+     * implementation classes written by users should inherit from and implement all pure virtual
+     * methods. So the _Interfaces template parameter is a list of sdbus-c++-xml2cpp-generated
+     * proxy-side interface classes representing interfaces of the corresponding remote D-Bus object.
+     *
+     * In the final adaptor class inherited from ProxyInterfaces, one needs to make sure:
+     *   1. to call `registerProxy();` in the class constructor, and, conversely,
+     *   2. to call `unregisterProxy();` in the class destructor,
+     * so that the signals are subscribed to and unsubscribed from at a proper time.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    template <typename... _Interfaces>
+    class ProxyInterfaces
+        : protected ProxyObjectHolder
+        , public _Interfaces...
+    {
+    public:
+        /*!
+         * @brief Creates native-like proxy object instance
+         *
+         * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
+         * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * This constructor overload creates a proxy that manages its own D-Bus connection(s).
+         * For more information on its behavior, consult @ref createProxy(std::string,std::string)
+         */
+        ProxyInterfaces(ServiceName destination, ObjectPath objectPath)
+            : ProxyObjectHolder(createProxy(std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath)))
+            , _Interfaces(getProxy())...
+        {
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Creates native-like proxy object instance
+         *
+         * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
+         * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * This constructor overload creates a proxy that manages its own D-Bus connection(s).
+         * For more information on its behavior, consult @ref createProxy(std::string,std::string,sdbus::dont_run_event_loop_thread_t)
+         */
+        ProxyInterfaces(ServiceName destination, ObjectPath objectPath, dont_run_event_loop_thread_t)
+            : ProxyObjectHolder(createProxy(std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath), dont_run_event_loop_thread))
+            , _Interfaces(getProxy())...
+        {
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Creates native-like proxy object instance
+         *
+         * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
+         * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
+         * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * The proxy created this way just references a D-Bus connection owned and managed by the user.
+         * For more information on its behavior, consult @ref createProxy(IConnection&,std::string,std::string)
+         */
+        ProxyInterfaces(IConnection& connection, ServiceName destination, ObjectPath objectPath)
+            : ProxyObjectHolder(createProxy(connection, std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath)))
+            , _Interfaces(getProxy())...
+        {
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Creates native-like proxy object instance
+         *
+         * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
+         * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
+         * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * The proxy created this way becomes an owner of the connection.
+         * For more information on its behavior, consult @ref createProxy(std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&&,std::string,std::string)
+         */
+        ProxyInterfaces(std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&& connection, ServiceName destination, ObjectPath objectPath)
+            : ProxyObjectHolder(createProxy(std::move(connection), std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath)))
+            , _Interfaces(getProxy())...
+        {
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Creates native-like proxy object instance
+         *
+         * @param[in] connection D-Bus connection to be used by the proxy object
+         * @param[in] destination Bus name that provides a D-Bus object
+         * @param[in] objectPath Path of the D-Bus object
+         *
+         * The proxy created this way becomes an owner of the connection.
+         * For more information on its behavior, consult @ref createProxy(std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&&,std::string,std::string,sdbus::dont_run_event_loop_thread_t)
+         */
+        ProxyInterfaces(std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection>&& connection, ServiceName destination, ObjectPath objectPath, dont_run_event_loop_thread_t)
+                : ProxyObjectHolder(createProxy(std::move(connection), std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath), dont_run_event_loop_thread))
+                , _Interfaces(getProxy())...
+        {
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Registers handlers for D-Bus signals of the remote object
+         *
+         * This function must be called in the constructor of the final proxy class that implements ProxyInterfaces.
+         *
+         * See also @ref IProxy::registerSignalHandler()
+         */
+        void registerProxy()
+        {
+            (_Interfaces::registerProxy(), ...);
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Unregisters the proxy so it no more receives signals and async call replies
+         *
+         * This function must be called in the destructor of the final proxy class that implements ProxyInterfaces.
+         *
+         * See underlying @ref IProxy::unregister()
+         */
+        void unregisterProxy()
+        {
+            getProxy().unregister();
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Returns reference to the underlying IProxy instance
+         */
+        using ProxyObjectHolder::getProxy;
+
+    protected:
+        using base_type = ProxyInterfaces;
+
+        ProxyInterfaces(const ProxyInterfaces&) = delete;
+        ProxyInterfaces& operator=(const ProxyInterfaces&) = delete;
+        ProxyInterfaces(ProxyInterfaces&&) = delete;
+        ProxyInterfaces& operator=(ProxyInterfaces&&) = delete;
+        ~ProxyInterfaces() = default;
+    };
+
+}
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERFACES_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/StandardInterfaces.h

@@ -0,0 +1,530 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file StandardInterfaces.h
+ *
+ * Created on: Dec 13, 2016
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_STANDARDINTERFACES_H_
+#define SDBUS_CXX_STANDARDINTERFACES_H_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/IProxy.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+    // Proxy for peer
+    class Peer_proxy
+    {
+        static inline const char* INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Peer";
+
+    protected:
+        Peer_proxy(sdbus::IProxy& proxy)
+            : m_proxy(proxy)
+        {
+        }
+
+        Peer_proxy(const Peer_proxy&) = delete;
+        Peer_proxy& operator=(const Peer_proxy&) = delete;
+        Peer_proxy(Peer_proxy&&) = delete;
+        Peer_proxy& operator=(Peer_proxy&&) = delete;
+
+        ~Peer_proxy() = default;
+
+        void registerProxy()
+        {
+        }
+
+    public:
+        void Ping()
+        {
+            m_proxy.callMethod("Ping").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME);
+        }
+
+        std::string GetMachineId()
+        {
+            std::string machineUUID;
+            m_proxy.callMethod("GetMachineId").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(machineUUID);
+            return machineUUID;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        sdbus::IProxy& m_proxy;
+    };
+
+    // Proxy for introspection
+    class Introspectable_proxy
+    {
+        static inline const char* INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable";
+
+    protected:
+        Introspectable_proxy(sdbus::IProxy& proxy)
+            : m_proxy(proxy)
+        {
+        }
+
+        Introspectable_proxy(const Introspectable_proxy&) = delete;
+        Introspectable_proxy& operator=(const Introspectable_proxy&) = delete;
+        Introspectable_proxy(Introspectable_proxy&&) = delete;
+        Introspectable_proxy& operator=(Introspectable_proxy&&) = delete;
+
+        ~Introspectable_proxy() = default;
+
+        void registerProxy()
+        {
+        }
+
+    public:
+        std::string Introspect()
+        {
+            std::string xml;
+            m_proxy.callMethod("Introspect").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(xml);
+            return xml;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        sdbus::IProxy& m_proxy;
+    };
+
+    // Proxy for properties
+    class Properties_proxy
+    {
+        static inline const char* INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+
+    protected:
+        Properties_proxy(sdbus::IProxy& proxy)
+            : m_proxy(proxy)
+        {
+        }
+
+        Properties_proxy(const Properties_proxy&) = delete;
+        Properties_proxy& operator=(const Properties_proxy&) = delete;
+        Properties_proxy(Properties_proxy&&) = delete;
+        Properties_proxy& operator=(Properties_proxy&&) = delete;
+
+        ~Properties_proxy() = default;
+
+        void registerProxy()
+        {
+            m_proxy
+                .uponSignal("PropertiesChanged")
+                .onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME)
+                .call([this]( const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                            , const std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>& changedProperties
+                            , const std::vector<PropertyName>& invalidatedProperties )
+                            {
+                                this->onPropertiesChanged(interfaceName, changedProperties, invalidatedProperties);
+                            });
+        }
+
+        virtual void onPropertiesChanged( const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                        , const std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>& changedProperties
+                                        , const std::vector<PropertyName>& invalidatedProperties ) = 0;
+
+    public:
+        sdbus::Variant Get(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getProperty(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName);
+        }
+
+        sdbus::Variant Get(std::string_view interfaceName, std::string_view propertyName)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getProperty(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName);
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        PendingAsyncCall GetAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName, _Function&& callback)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot GetAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName, _Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+        }
+
+        std::future<sdbus::Variant> GetAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName, with_future_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).getResultAsFuture();
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        PendingAsyncCall GetAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, std::string_view propertyName, _Function&& callback)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot GetAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, std::string_view propertyName, _Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+        }
+
+        std::future<sdbus::Variant> GetAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, std::string_view propertyName, with_future_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).getResultAsFuture();
+        }
+
+        void Set(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value)
+        {
+            m_proxy.setProperty(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value);
+        }
+
+        void Set(std::string_view interfaceName, const std::string_view propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value)
+        {
+            m_proxy.setProperty(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value);
+        }
+
+        void Set(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value, dont_expect_reply_t)
+        {
+            m_proxy.setProperty(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value, dont_expect_reply);
+        }
+
+        void Set(std::string_view interfaceName, const std::string_view propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value, dont_expect_reply_t)
+        {
+            m_proxy.setProperty(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value, dont_expect_reply);
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        PendingAsyncCall SetAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value, _Function&& callback)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.setPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot SetAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value, _Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.setPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+        }
+
+        std::future<void> SetAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const PropertyName& propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value, with_future_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.setPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value).getResultAsFuture();
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        PendingAsyncCall SetAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, std::string_view propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value, _Function&& callback)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.setPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot SetAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, std::string_view propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value, _Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.setPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+        }
+
+        std::future<void> SetAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, std::string_view propertyName, const sdbus::Variant& value, with_future_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.setPropertyAsync(propertyName).onInterface(interfaceName).toValue(value).getResultAsFuture();
+        }
+
+        std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant> GetAll(const InterfaceName& interfaceName)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getAllProperties().onInterface(interfaceName);
+        }
+
+        std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant> GetAll(std::string_view interfaceName)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getAllProperties().onInterface(interfaceName);
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        PendingAsyncCall GetAllAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, _Function&& callback)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getAllPropertiesAsync().onInterface(interfaceName).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot GetAllAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, _Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getAllPropertiesAsync().onInterface(interfaceName).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+        }
+
+        std::future<std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>> GetAllAsync(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, with_future_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getAllPropertiesAsync().onInterface(interfaceName).getResultAsFuture();
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        PendingAsyncCall GetAllAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, _Function&& callback)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getAllPropertiesAsync().onInterface(interfaceName).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot GetAllAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, _Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getAllPropertiesAsync().onInterface(interfaceName).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+        }
+
+        std::future<std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>> GetAllAsync(std::string_view interfaceName, with_future_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.getAllPropertiesAsync().onInterface(interfaceName).getResultAsFuture();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        sdbus::IProxy& m_proxy;
+    };
+
+    // Proxy for object manager
+    class ObjectManager_proxy
+    {
+        static inline const char* INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager";
+
+    protected:
+        ObjectManager_proxy(sdbus::IProxy& proxy)
+            : m_proxy(proxy)
+        {
+        }
+
+        ObjectManager_proxy(const ObjectManager_proxy&) = delete;
+        ObjectManager_proxy& operator=(const ObjectManager_proxy&) = delete;
+        ObjectManager_proxy(ObjectManager_proxy&&) = delete;
+        ObjectManager_proxy& operator=(ObjectManager_proxy&&) = delete;
+
+        ~ObjectManager_proxy() = default;
+
+        void registerProxy()
+        {
+            m_proxy
+                .uponSignal("InterfacesAdded")
+                .onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME)
+                .call([this]( const sdbus::ObjectPath& objectPath
+                            , const std::map<sdbus::InterfaceName, std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>>& interfacesAndProperties )
+                            {
+                                this->onInterfacesAdded(objectPath, interfacesAndProperties);
+                            });
+
+            m_proxy
+                .uponSignal("InterfacesRemoved")
+                .onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME)
+                .call([this]( const sdbus::ObjectPath& objectPath
+                            , const std::vector<sdbus::InterfaceName>& interfaces )
+                            {
+                                this->onInterfacesRemoved(objectPath, interfaces);
+                            });
+        }
+
+        virtual void onInterfacesAdded( const sdbus::ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                      , const std::map<sdbus::InterfaceName, std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>>& interfacesAndProperties) = 0;
+        virtual void onInterfacesRemoved( const sdbus::ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                        , const std::vector<sdbus::InterfaceName>& interfaces) = 0;
+
+    public:
+        std::map<sdbus::ObjectPath, std::map<sdbus::InterfaceName, std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>>> GetManagedObjects()
+        {
+            std::map<sdbus::ObjectPath, std::map<sdbus::InterfaceName, std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>>> objectsInterfacesAndProperties;
+            m_proxy.callMethod("GetManagedObjects").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(objectsInterfacesAndProperties);
+            return objectsInterfacesAndProperties;
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        PendingAsyncCall GetManagedObjectsAsync(_Function&& callback)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.callMethodAsync("GetManagedObjects").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback));
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Function>
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot GetManagedObjectsAsync(_Function&& callback, return_slot_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.callMethodAsync("GetManagedObjects").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).uponReplyInvoke(std::forward<_Function>(callback), return_slot);
+        }
+
+        std::future<std::map<sdbus::ObjectPath, std::map<sdbus::InterfaceName, std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>>>> GetManagedObjectsAsync(with_future_t)
+        {
+            return m_proxy.callMethodAsync("GetManagedObjects").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).getResultAsFuture<std::map<sdbus::ObjectPath, std::map<sdbus::InterfaceName, std::map<PropertyName, sdbus::Variant>>>>();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        sdbus::IProxy& m_proxy;
+    };
+
+    // Adaptors for the above-listed standard D-Bus interfaces are not necessary because the functionality
+    // is provided by underlying libsystemd implementation. The exception is Properties_adaptor,
+    // ObjectManager_adaptor and ManagedObject_adaptor, which provide convenience functionality to emit signals.
+
+    // Adaptor for properties
+    class Properties_adaptor
+    {
+        static inline const char* INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties";
+
+    protected:
+        Properties_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object) : m_object(object)
+        {
+        }
+
+        Properties_adaptor(const Properties_adaptor&) = delete;
+        Properties_adaptor& operator=(const Properties_adaptor&) = delete;
+        Properties_adaptor(Properties_adaptor&&) = delete;
+        Properties_adaptor& operator=(Properties_adaptor&&) = delete;
+
+        ~Properties_adaptor() = default;
+
+        void registerAdaptor()
+        {
+        }
+
+    public:
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const std::vector<PropertyName>& properties)
+        {
+            m_object.emitPropertiesChangedSignal(interfaceName, properties);
+        }
+
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const char* interfaceName, const std::vector<PropertyName>& properties)
+        {
+            m_object.emitPropertiesChangedSignal(interfaceName, properties);
+        }
+
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName)
+        {
+            m_object.emitPropertiesChangedSignal(interfaceName);
+        }
+
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const char* interfaceName)
+        {
+            m_object.emitPropertiesChangedSignal(interfaceName);
+        }
+
+    private:
+        sdbus::IObject& m_object;
+    };
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Object Manager Convenience Adaptor
+     *
+     * Adding this class as _Interfaces.. template parameter of class AdaptorInterfaces
+     * implements the *GetManagedObjects()* method of the [org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager.GetManagedObjects](https://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-specification.html#standard-interfaces-objectmanager)
+     * interface.
+     *
+     * Note that there can be multiple object managers in a path hierarchy. InterfacesAdded/InterfacesRemoved
+     * signals are sent from the closest object manager at either the same path or the closest parent path of an object.
+     */
+    class ObjectManager_adaptor
+    {
+        static inline const char* INTERFACE_NAME = "org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager";
+
+    protected:
+        explicit ObjectManager_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object) : m_object(object)
+        {
+        }
+
+        ObjectManager_adaptor(const ObjectManager_adaptor&) = delete;
+        ObjectManager_adaptor& operator=(const ObjectManager_adaptor&) = delete;
+        ObjectManager_adaptor(ObjectManager_adaptor&&) = delete;
+        ObjectManager_adaptor& operator=(ObjectManager_adaptor&&) = delete;
+
+        ~ObjectManager_adaptor() = default;
+
+        void registerAdaptor()
+        {
+            m_object.addObjectManager();
+        }
+
+    private:
+        sdbus::IObject& m_object;
+    };
+
+    /*!
+     * @brief Managed Object Convenience Adaptor
+     *
+     * Adding this class as _Interfaces.. template parameter of class AdaptorInterfaces
+     * will extend the resulting object adaptor with emitInterfacesAddedSignal()/emitInterfacesRemovedSignal()
+     * according to org.freedesktop.DBus.ObjectManager.InterfacesAdded/.InterfacesRemoved.
+     *
+     * Note that objects which implement this adaptor require an object manager (e.g via ObjectManager_adaptor) to be
+     * instantiated on one of it's parent object paths or the same path. InterfacesAdded/InterfacesRemoved
+     * signals are sent from the closest object manager at either the same path or the closest parent path of an object.
+     */
+    class ManagedObject_adaptor
+    {
+    protected:
+        explicit ManagedObject_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object)
+            : m_object(object)
+        {
+        }
+
+        ManagedObject_adaptor(const ManagedObject_adaptor&) = delete;
+        ManagedObject_adaptor& operator=(const ManagedObject_adaptor&) = delete;
+        ManagedObject_adaptor(ManagedObject_adaptor&&) = delete;
+        ManagedObject_adaptor& operator=(ManagedObject_adaptor&&) = delete;
+
+        ~ManagedObject_adaptor() = default;
+
+        void registerAdaptor()
+        {
+        }
+
+    public:
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits InterfacesAdded signal for this object path
+         *
+         * See IObject::emitInterfacesAddedSignal().
+         */
+        void emitInterfacesAddedSignal()
+        {
+            m_object.emitInterfacesAddedSignal();
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits InterfacesAdded signal for this object path
+         *
+         * See IObject::emitInterfacesAddedSignal().
+         */
+        void emitInterfacesAddedSignal(const std::vector<sdbus::InterfaceName>& interfaces)
+        {
+            m_object.emitInterfacesAddedSignal(interfaces);
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits InterfacesRemoved signal for this object path
+         *
+         * See IObject::emitInterfacesRemovedSignal().
+         */
+        void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal()
+        {
+            m_object.emitInterfacesRemovedSignal();
+        }
+
+        /*!
+         * @brief Emits InterfacesRemoved signal for this object path
+         *
+         * See IObject::emitInterfacesRemovedSignal().
+         */
+        void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces)
+        {
+            m_object.emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(interfaces);
+        }
+
+    private:
+        sdbus::IObject& m_object;
+    };
+
+}
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_STANDARDINTERFACES_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file TypeTraits.h
  *
@@ -26,13 +27,27 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_TYPETRAITS_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_TYPETRAITS_H_
 
-#include <type_traits>
-#include <string>
-#include <vector>
-#include <map>
+#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
+
+#include <array>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <functional>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <optional>
+#ifdef __has_include
+#  if __has_include(<span>)
+#    include <span>
+#  endif
+#endif
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
 #include <tuple>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <variant>
+#include <vector>
 
 // Forward declarations
 namespace sdbus {
@@ -40,291 +55,343 @@ namespace sdbus {
     template <typename... _ValueTypes> class Struct;
     class ObjectPath;
     class Signature;
-    class Message;
+    class UnixFd;
+    template<typename _T1, typename _T2> using DictEntry = std::pair<_T1, _T2>;
+    class BusName;
+    class InterfaceName;
+    class MemberName;
     class MethodCall;
     class MethodReply;
     class Signal;
-    class MethodResult;
+    class Message;
+    class PropertySetCall;
+    class PropertyGetReply;
     template <typename... _Results> class Result;
     class Error;
+    template <typename _T, typename _Enable = void> struct signature_of;
 }
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
-    using method_callback = std::function<void(MethodCall& msg, MethodReply& reply)>;
-    using async_method_callback = std::function<void(MethodCall msg, MethodResult&& result)>;
-    using async_reply_handler = std::function<void(MethodReply& reply, const Error* error)>;
-    using signal_handler = std::function<void(Signal& signal)>;
-    using property_set_callback = std::function<void(Message& msg)>;
-    using property_get_callback = std::function<void(Message& reply)>;
+    // Callbacks from sdbus-c++
+    using method_callback = std::function<void(MethodCall msg)>;
+    using async_reply_handler = std::function<void(MethodReply reply, std::optional<Error> error)>;
+    using signal_handler = std::function<void(Signal signal)>;
+    using message_handler = std::function<void(Message msg)>;
+    using property_set_callback = std::function<void(PropertySetCall msg)>;
+    using property_get_callback = std::function<void(PropertyGetReply& reply)>;
 
+    // Type-erased RAII-style handle to callbacks/subscriptions registered to sdbus-c++
+    using Slot = std::unique_ptr<void, std::function<void(void*)>>;
+
+    // Tag specifying that an owning handle (so-called slot) of the logical resource shall be provided to the client
+    struct return_slot_t { explicit return_slot_t() = default; };
+    inline constexpr return_slot_t return_slot{};
+    // Tag specifying that the library shall own the slot resulting from the call of the function (so-called floating slot)
+    struct floating_slot_t { explicit floating_slot_t() = default; };
+    inline constexpr floating_slot_t floating_slot{};
+    // Tag denoting the assumption that the caller has already obtained message ownership
+    struct adopt_message_t { explicit adopt_message_t() = default; };
+    inline constexpr adopt_message_t adopt_message{};
+    // Tag denoting the assumption that the caller has already obtained fd ownership
+    struct adopt_fd_t { explicit adopt_fd_t() = default; };
+    inline constexpr adopt_fd_t adopt_fd{};
+    // Tag specifying that the proxy shall not run an event loop thread on its D-Bus connection.
+    // Such proxies are typically created to carry out a simple synchronous D-Bus call(s) and then are destroyed.
+    struct dont_run_event_loop_thread_t { explicit dont_run_event_loop_thread_t() = default; };
+    inline constexpr dont_run_event_loop_thread_t dont_run_event_loop_thread{};
+    // Tag denoting an asynchronous call that returns std::future as a handle
+    struct with_future_t { explicit with_future_t() = default; };
+    inline constexpr with_future_t with_future{};
+    // Tag denoting a call where the reply shouldn't be waited for
+    struct dont_expect_reply_t { explicit dont_expect_reply_t() = default; };
+    inline constexpr dont_expect_reply_t dont_expect_reply{};
+    // Tag denoting that the variant shall embed the other variant as its value, instead of creating a copy
+    struct embed_variant_t { explicit embed_variant_t() = default; };
+    inline constexpr embed_variant_t embed_variant{};
+
+    // Helper for static assert
+    template <class... _T> constexpr bool always_false = false;
+
+    // Helper operator+ for concatenation of `std::array`s
+    template <typename _T, std::size_t _N1, std::size_t _N2>
+    constexpr std::array<_T, _N1 + _N2> operator+(std::array<_T, _N1> lhs, std::array<_T, _N2> rhs);
+
+    // Template specializations for getting D-Bus signatures from C++ types
     template <typename _T>
+    constexpr auto signature_of_v = signature_of<_T>::value;
+
+    template <typename _T, typename _Enable>
     struct signature_of
     {
         static constexpr bool is_valid = false;
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
 
-        static const std::string str()
+        static constexpr void* value = []
         {
-            // sizeof(_T) < 0 is here to make compiler not being able to figure out
-            // the assertion expression before the template instantiation takes place.
-            static_assert(sizeof(_T) < 0, "Unknown DBus type");
-            return "";
-        }
+            // See using-sdbus-c++.md, section "Extending sdbus-c++ type system",
+            // on how to teach sdbus-c++ about your custom types
+            static_assert(always_false<_T>, "Unsupported D-Bus type (specialize `signature_of` for your custom types)");
+        };
     };
 
+    template <typename _T>
+    struct signature_of<const _T> : signature_of<_T>
+    {};
+
+    template <typename _T>
+    struct signature_of<volatile _T> : signature_of<_T>
+    {};
+
+    template <typename _T>
+    struct signature_of<const volatile _T> : signature_of<_T>
+    {};
+
+    template <typename _T>
+    struct signature_of<_T&> : signature_of<_T>
+    {};
+
     template <>
     struct signature_of<void>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array<char, 0> value{};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<bool>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'b'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "b";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<uint8_t>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'y'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "y";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<int16_t>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'n'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "n";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<uint16_t>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'q'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "q";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<int32_t>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'i'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "i";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<uint32_t>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'u'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "u";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<int64_t>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'x'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "x";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<uint64_t>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'t'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "t";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<double>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'d'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "d";
-        }
-    };
-
-    template <>
-    struct signature_of<char*>
-    {
-        static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "s";
-        }
-    };
-
-    template <>
-    struct signature_of<const char*>
-    {
-        static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "s";
-        }
-    };
-
-    template <std::size_t _N>
-    struct signature_of<char[_N]>
-    {
-        static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "s";
-        }
-    };
-
-    template <std::size_t _N>
-    struct signature_of<const char[_N]>
-    {
-        static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "s";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = true;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<std::string>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'s'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "s";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
     };
 
+    template <>
+    struct signature_of<std::string_view> : signature_of<std::string>
+    {};
+
+    template <>
+    struct signature_of<char*> : signature_of<std::string>
+    {};
+
+    template <>
+    struct signature_of<const char*> : signature_of<std::string>
+    {};
+
+    template <std::size_t _N>
+    struct signature_of<char[_N]> : signature_of<std::string>
+    {};
+
+    template <std::size_t _N>
+    struct signature_of<const char[_N]> : signature_of<std::string>
+    {};
+
+    template <>
+    struct signature_of<BusName> : signature_of<std::string>
+    {};
+
+    template <>
+    struct signature_of<InterfaceName> : signature_of<std::string>
+    {};
+
+    template <>
+    struct signature_of<MemberName> : signature_of<std::string>
+    {};
+
     template <typename... _ValueTypes>
     struct signature_of<Struct<_ValueTypes...>>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array contents = (signature_of_v<_ValueTypes> + ...);
+        static constexpr std::array value = std::array{'('} + contents + std::array{')'};
+        static constexpr char type_value{'r'}; /* Not actually used in signatures on D-Bus, see specs */
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            std::initializer_list<std::string> signatures{signature_of<_ValueTypes>::str()...};
-            std::string signature;
-            signature += "(";
-            for (const auto& item : signatures)
-                signature += item;
-            signature += ")";
-            return signature;
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<Variant>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'v'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "v";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
     };
 
+    template <typename... Elements>
+    struct signature_of<std::variant<Elements...>> : signature_of<Variant>
+    {};
+
     template <>
     struct signature_of<ObjectPath>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'o'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "o";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
     };
 
     template <>
     struct signature_of<Signature>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'g'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "g";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
     };
 
-    template <typename _Element>
-    struct signature_of<std::vector<_Element>>
+    template <>
+    struct signature_of<UnixFd>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value{'h'};
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "a" + signature_of<_Element>::str();
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
     };
 
-    template <typename _Key, typename _Value>
-    struct signature_of<std::map<_Key, _Value>>
+    template <typename _T1, typename _T2>
+    struct signature_of<DictEntry<_T1, _T2>>
     {
+        static constexpr std::array value = std::array{'{'} + signature_of_v<std::tuple<_T1, _T2>> + std::array{'}'};
+        static constexpr char type_value{'e'}; /* Not actually used in signatures on D-Bus, see specs */
         static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
-
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return "a{" + signature_of<_Key>::str() + signature_of<_Value>::str() + "}";
-        }
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
     };
 
+    template <typename _Element, typename _Allocator>
+    struct signature_of<std::vector<_Element, _Allocator>>
+    {
+        static constexpr std::array value = std::array{'a'} + signature_of_v<_Element>;
+        static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
+    };
+
+    template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Size>
+    struct signature_of<std::array<_Element, _Size>> : signature_of<std::vector<_Element>>
+    {
+    };
+
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_span
+    template <typename _Element, std::size_t _Extent>
+    struct signature_of<std::span<_Element, _Extent>> : signature_of<std::vector<_Element>>
+    {
+    };
+#endif
+
+    template <typename _Enum> // is_const_v and is_volatile_v to avoid ambiguity conflicts with const and volatile specializations of signature_of
+    struct signature_of<_Enum, typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<_Enum> && !std::is_const_v<_Enum> && !std::is_volatile_v<_Enum>>>
+        : signature_of<std::underlying_type_t<_Enum>>
+    {};
+
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Compare, typename _Allocator>
+    struct signature_of<std::map<_Key, _Value, _Compare, _Allocator>>
+    {
+        static constexpr std::array value = std::array{'a'} + signature_of_v<DictEntry<_Key, _Value>>;
+        static constexpr bool is_valid = true;
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
+    };
+
+    template <typename _Key, typename _Value, typename _Hash, typename _KeyEqual, typename _Allocator>
+    struct signature_of<std::unordered_map<_Key, _Value, _Hash, _KeyEqual, _Allocator>>
+        : signature_of<std::map<_Key, _Value>>
+    {
+    };
+
+    template <typename... _Types>
+    struct signature_of<std::tuple<_Types...>> // A simple concatenation of signatures of _Types
+    {
+        static constexpr std::array value = (std::array<char, 0>{} + ... + signature_of_v<_Types>);
+        static constexpr bool is_valid = false;
+        static constexpr bool is_trivial_dbus_type = false;
+    };
+
+    // To simplify conversions of arrays to C strings
+    template <typename _T, std::size_t _N>
+    constexpr auto as_null_terminated(std::array<_T, _N> arr)
+    {
+        return arr + std::array<_T, 1>{0};
+    }
 
     // Function traits implementation inspired by (c) kennytm,
     // https://github.com/kennytm/utils/blob/master/traits.hpp
     template <typename _Type>
-    struct function_traits
-        : public function_traits<decltype(&_Type::operator())>
+    struct function_traits : function_traits<decltype(&_Type::operator())>
     {};
 
     template <typename _Type>
-    struct function_traits<const _Type>
-        : public function_traits<_Type>
+    struct function_traits<const _Type> : function_traits<_Type>
     {};
 
     template <typename _Type>
-    struct function_traits<_Type&>
-        : public function_traits<_Type>
+    struct function_traits<_Type&> : function_traits<_Type>
     {};
 
     template <typename _ReturnType, typename... _Args>
@@ -364,73 +431,70 @@ namespace sdbus {
     };
 
     template <typename _ReturnType, typename... _Args>
-    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
-        : public function_traits_base<_ReturnType, _Args...>
+    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)> : function_traits_base<_ReturnType, _Args...>
     {
         static constexpr bool is_async = false;
+        static constexpr bool has_error_param = false;
     };
 
     template <typename... _Args>
-    struct function_traits<void(const Error*, _Args...)>
-        : public function_traits_base<void, _Args...>
+    struct function_traits<void(std::optional<Error>, _Args...)> : function_traits_base<void, _Args...>
     {
+        static constexpr bool has_error_param = true;
     };
 
     template <typename... _Args, typename... _Results>
-    struct function_traits<void(Result<_Results...>, _Args...)>
-        : public function_traits_base<std::tuple<_Results...>, _Args...>
+    struct function_traits<void(Result<_Results...>, _Args...)> : function_traits_base<std::tuple<_Results...>, _Args...>
     {
         static constexpr bool is_async = true;
+        using async_result_t = Result<_Results...>;
     };
 
     template <typename... _Args, typename... _Results>
-    struct function_traits<void(Result<_Results...>&&, _Args...)>
-        : public function_traits_base<std::tuple<_Results...>, _Args...>
+    struct function_traits<void(Result<_Results...>&&, _Args...)> : function_traits_base<std::tuple<_Results...>, _Args...>
     {
         static constexpr bool is_async = true;
+        using async_result_t = Result<_Results...>;
     };
 
     template <typename _ReturnType, typename... _Args>
-    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(*)(_Args...)>
-        : public function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
+    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(*)(_Args...)> : function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
     {};
 
     template <typename _ClassType, typename _ReturnType, typename... _Args>
-    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_ClassType::*)(_Args...)>
-        : public function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
+    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_ClassType::*)(_Args...)> : function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
     {
         typedef _ClassType& owner_type;
     };
 
     template <typename _ClassType, typename _ReturnType, typename... _Args>
-    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_ClassType::*)(_Args...) const>
-        : public function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
+    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_ClassType::*)(_Args...) const> : function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
     {
         typedef const _ClassType& owner_type;
     };
 
     template <typename _ClassType, typename _ReturnType, typename... _Args>
-    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_ClassType::*)(_Args...) volatile>
-        : public function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
+    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_ClassType::*)(_Args...) volatile> : function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
     {
         typedef volatile _ClassType& owner_type;
     };
 
     template <typename _ClassType, typename _ReturnType, typename... _Args>
-    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_ClassType::*)(_Args...) const volatile>
-        : public function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
+    struct function_traits<_ReturnType(_ClassType::*)(_Args...) const volatile> : function_traits<_ReturnType(_Args...)>
     {
         typedef const volatile _ClassType& owner_type;
     };
 
     template <typename FunctionType>
-    struct function_traits<std::function<FunctionType>>
-        : public function_traits<FunctionType>
+    struct function_traits<std::function<FunctionType>> : function_traits<FunctionType>
     {};
 
     template <class _Function>
     constexpr auto is_async_method_v = function_traits<_Function>::is_async;
 
+    template <class _Function>
+    constexpr auto has_error_param_v = function_traits<_Function>::has_error_param;
+
     template <typename _FunctionType>
     using function_arguments_t = typename function_traits<_FunctionType>::arguments_type;
 
@@ -461,88 +525,120 @@ namespace sdbus {
     template <typename _Function>
     using tuple_of_function_output_arg_types_t = typename tuple_of_function_output_arg_types<_Function>::type;
 
+    template <typename _Function>
+    struct signature_of_function_input_arguments : signature_of<tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function>>
+    {
+        static std::string value_as_string()
+        {
+            constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function>>);
+            return signature.data();
+        }
+    };
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    inline auto signature_of_function_input_arguments_v = signature_of_function_input_arguments<_Function>::value_as_string();
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    struct signature_of_function_output_arguments : signature_of<tuple_of_function_output_arg_types_t<_Function>>
+    {
+        static std::string value_as_string()
+        {
+            constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<tuple_of_function_output_arg_types_t<_Function>>);
+            return signature.data();
+        }
+    };
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    inline auto signature_of_function_output_arguments_v = signature_of_function_output_arguments<_Function>::value_as_string();
+
+    // std::future stuff for return values of async calls
+    template <typename... _Args> struct future_return
+    {
+        typedef std::tuple<_Args...> type;
+    };
+
+    template <> struct future_return<>
+    {
+        typedef void type;
+    };
+
+    template <typename _Type> struct future_return<_Type>
+    {
+        typedef _Type type;
+    };
+
+    template <typename... _Args>
+    using future_return_t = typename future_return<_Args...>::type;
+
+    // Credit: Piotr Skotnicki (https://stackoverflow.com/a/57639506)
+    template <typename, typename>
+    constexpr bool is_one_of_variants_types = false;
+
+    template <typename... _VariantTypes, typename _QueriedType>
+    constexpr bool is_one_of_variants_types<std::variant<_VariantTypes...>, _QueriedType>
+        = (std::is_same_v<_QueriedType, _VariantTypes> || ...);
+
+    // Wrapper (tag) denoting we want to serialize user-defined struct
+    // into a D-Bus message as a dictionary of strings to variants.
+    template <typename _Struct>
+    struct as_dictionary
+    {
+        explicit as_dictionary(const _Struct& s) : m_struct(s) {}
+        const _Struct& m_struct;
+    };
+
     template <typename _Type>
-    struct aggregate_signature
+    const _Type& as_dictionary_if_struct(const _Type& object)
     {
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return signature_of<std::decay_t<_Type>>::str();
-        }
-    };
+        return object; // identity in case _Type is not struct (user-defined structs shall provide an overload)
+    }
 
-    template <typename... _Types>
-    struct aggregate_signature<std::tuple<_Types...>>
-    {
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            // TODO: This could be a fold expression in C++17...
-            std::initializer_list<std::string> signatures{signature_of<std::decay_t<_Types>>::str()...};
-            std::string signature;
-            for (const auto& item : signatures)
-                signature += item;
-            return signature;
-        }
-    };
+    // By default, the dict-as-struct deserialization strategy is strict.
+    // Strict means that every key of the deserialized dictionary must have its counterpart member in the struct, otherwise an exception is thrown.
+    // Relaxed means that a key that does not have a matching struct member is silently ignored.
+    // The behavior can be overridden for user-defined struct by specializing this variable template.
+    template <typename _Struct>
+    constexpr auto strict_dict_as_struct_deserialization_v = true;
 
-    template <typename _Function>
-    struct signature_of_function_input_arguments
-    {
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return aggregate_signature<tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function>>::str();
-        }
-    };
-
-    template <typename _Function>
-    struct signature_of_function_output_arguments
-    {
-        static const std::string str()
-        {
-            return aggregate_signature<tuple_of_function_output_arg_types_t<_Function>>::str();
-        }
-    };
+    // By default, the struct-as-dict serialization strategy is single-level only (as opposed to nested).
+    // Single-level means that only the specific struct is serialized as a dictionary, serializing members that are structs always as structs.
+    // Nested means that the struct *and* its members that are structs are all serialized as a dictionary. If nested strategy is also
+    // defined for the nested struct, then the same behavior applies for that struct, recursively.
+    // The behavior can be overridden for user-defined struct by specializing this variable template.
+    template <typename _Struct>
+    constexpr auto nested_struct_as_dict_serialization_v = false;
 
     namespace detail
     {
-        template <class _Function, class _Tuple, std::size_t... _I>
+        template <class _Function, class _Tuple, typename... _Args, std::size_t... _I>
         constexpr decltype(auto) apply_impl( _Function&& f
-                                           , MethodResult&& r
+                                           , Result<_Args...>&& r
                                            , _Tuple&& t
                                            , std::index_sequence<_I...> )
         {
             return std::forward<_Function>(f)(std::move(r), std::get<_I>(std::forward<_Tuple>(t))...);
         }
 
+        template <class _Function, class _Tuple, std::size_t... _I>
+        decltype(auto) apply_impl( _Function&& f
+                                 , std::optional<Error> e
+                                 , _Tuple&& t
+                                 , std::index_sequence<_I...> )
+        {
+            return std::forward<_Function>(f)(std::move(e), std::get<_I>(std::forward<_Tuple>(t))...);
+        }
+
+        // For non-void returning functions, apply_impl simply returns function return value (a tuple of values).
+        // For void-returning functions, apply_impl returns an empty tuple.
         template <class _Function, class _Tuple, std::size_t... _I>
         constexpr decltype(auto) apply_impl( _Function&& f
-                                           , const Error* e
                                            , _Tuple&& t
                                            , std::index_sequence<_I...> )
         {
-            return std::forward<_Function>(f)(e, std::get<_I>(std::forward<_Tuple>(t))...);
-        }
-
-        // Version of apply_impl for functions returning non-void values.
-        // In this case just forward function return value.
-        template <class _Function, class _Tuple, std::size_t... _I>
-        constexpr decltype(auto) apply_impl( _Function&& f
-                                           , _Tuple&& t
-                                           , std::index_sequence<_I...>
-                                           , std::enable_if_t<!std::is_void<function_result_t<_Function>>::value>* = nullptr)
-        {
-            return std::forward<_Function>(f)(std::get<_I>(std::forward<_Tuple>(t))...);
-        }
-
-        // Version of apply_impl for functions returning void.
-        // In this case, to have uniform code on the caller side, return empty tuple, our synonym for `void'.
-        template <class _Function, class _Tuple, std::size_t... _I>
-        constexpr decltype(auto) apply_impl( _Function&& f
-                                           , _Tuple&& t
-                                           , std::index_sequence<_I...>
-                                           , std::enable_if_t<std::is_void<function_result_t<_Function>>::value>* = nullptr)
-        {
-            std::forward<_Function>(f)(std::get<_I>(std::forward<_Tuple>(t))...);
-            return std::tuple<>{};
+            if constexpr (!std::is_void_v<function_result_t<_Function>>)
+                return std::forward<_Function>(f)(std::get<_I>(std::forward<_Tuple>(t))...);
+            else
+                return std::forward<_Function>(f)(std::get<_I>(std::forward<_Tuple>(t))...), std::tuple<>{};
         }
     }
 
@@ -558,8 +654,8 @@ namespace sdbus {
 
     // Convert tuple `t' of values into a list of arguments
     // and invoke function `f' with those arguments.
-    template <class _Function, class _Tuple>
-    constexpr decltype(auto) apply(_Function&& f, MethodResult&& r, _Tuple&& t)
+    template <class _Function, class _Tuple, typename... _Args>
+    constexpr decltype(auto) apply(_Function&& f, Result<_Args...>&& r, _Tuple&& t)
     {
         return detail::apply_impl( std::forward<_Function>(f)
                                  , std::move(r)
@@ -570,13 +666,33 @@ namespace sdbus {
     // Convert tuple `t' of values into a list of arguments
     // and invoke function `f' with those arguments.
     template <class _Function, class _Tuple>
-    constexpr decltype(auto) apply(_Function&& f, const Error* e, _Tuple&& t)
+    decltype(auto) apply(_Function&& f, std::optional<Error> e, _Tuple&& t)
     {
         return detail::apply_impl( std::forward<_Function>(f)
-                                 , e
+                                 , std::move(e)
                                  , std::forward<_Tuple>(t)
                                  , std::make_index_sequence<std::tuple_size<std::decay_t<_Tuple>>::value>{} );
     }
+
+    // Convenient concatenation of arrays
+    template <typename _T, std::size_t _N1, std::size_t _N2>
+    constexpr std::array<_T, _N1 + _N2> operator+(std::array<_T, _N1> lhs, std::array<_T, _N2> rhs)
+    {
+        std::array<_T, _N1 + _N2> result{};
+        std::size_t index = 0;
+
+        for (auto& el : lhs) {
+            result[index] = std::move(el);
+            ++index;
+        }
+        for (auto& el : rhs) {
+            result[index] = std::move(el);
+            ++index;
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
 }
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_TYPETRAITS_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/Types.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Types.h
  *
@@ -28,11 +29,15 @@
 
 #include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <tuple>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <typeinfo>
-#include <memory>
-#include <tuple>
+#include <utility>
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
@@ -40,7 +45,7 @@ namespace sdbus {
      * @class Variant
      *
      * Variant can hold value of any D-Bus-supported type.
-     * 
+     *
      * Note: Even though thread-aware, Variant objects are not thread-safe.
      * Some const methods are conceptually const, but not physically const,
      * thus are not thread-safe. This is by design: normally, clients
@@ -54,21 +59,46 @@ namespace sdbus {
         Variant();
 
         template <typename _ValueType>
-        Variant(const _ValueType& value)
-            : Variant()
+        explicit Variant(const _ValueType& value) : Variant()
         {
-            msg_.openVariant(signature_of<_ValueType>::str());
+            msg_.openVariant<_ValueType>();
             msg_ << value;
             msg_.closeVariant();
             msg_.seal();
         }
 
+        Variant(const Variant& value, embed_variant_t) : Variant()
+        {
+            msg_.openVariant<Variant>();
+            msg_ << value;
+            msg_.closeVariant();
+            msg_.seal();
+        }
+
+        template <typename _Struct>
+        explicit Variant(const as_dictionary<_Struct>& value) : Variant()
+        {
+            msg_.openVariant<std::map<std::string, Variant>>();
+            msg_ << as_dictionary(value.m_struct);
+            msg_.closeVariant();
+            msg_.seal();
+        }
+
+        template <typename... _Elements>
+        Variant(const std::variant<_Elements...>& value)
+            : Variant()
+        {
+            msg_ << value;
+            msg_.seal();
+        }
+
         template <typename _ValueType>
         _ValueType get() const
         {
-            _ValueType val;
             msg_.rewind(false);
-            msg_.enterVariant(signature_of<_ValueType>::str());
+
+            msg_.enterVariant<_ValueType>();
+            _ValueType val;
             msg_ >> val;
             msg_.exitVariant();
             return val;
@@ -76,27 +106,47 @@ namespace sdbus {
 
         // Only allow conversion operator for true D-Bus type representations in C++
         template <typename _ValueType, typename = std::enable_if_t<signature_of<_ValueType>::is_valid>>
-        operator _ValueType() const
+        explicit operator _ValueType() const
         {
             return get<_ValueType>();
         }
 
+        template <typename... _Elements>
+        operator std::variant<_Elements...>() const
+        {
+            std::variant<_Elements...> result;
+            msg_.rewind(false);
+            msg_ >> result;
+            return result;
+        }
+
         template <typename _Type>
         bool containsValueOfType() const
         {
-            return signature_of<_Type>::str() == peekValueType();
+            constexpr auto signature = as_null_terminated(signature_of_v<_Type>);
+            return std::strcmp(signature.data(), peekValueType()) == 0;
         }
 
         bool isEmpty() const;
 
         void serializeTo(Message& msg) const;
         void deserializeFrom(Message& msg);
-        std::string peekValueType() const;
+        const char* peekValueType() const;
 
     private:
-        mutable Message msg_{};
+        mutable PlainMessage msg_{};
     };
 
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class Struct
+     *
+     * Representation of struct D-Bus type
+     *
+     * Struct implements tuple protocol, i.e. it's a tuple-like class.
+     * It can be used with std::get<>(), std::tuple_element,
+     * std::tuple_size and in structured bindings.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
     template <typename... _ValueTypes>
     class Struct
         : public std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>
@@ -104,15 +154,12 @@ namespace sdbus {
     public:
         using std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>::tuple;
 
-        // Disable constructor if an older then 7.1.0 version of GCC is used 
-#if !((defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)) && !defined(__clang__) && !(__GNUC__ > 7 || (__GNUC__ == 7 && (__GNUC_MINOR__ > 1 || (__GNUC_MINOR__ == 1 && __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__ > 0)))))
         Struct() = default;
 
         explicit Struct(const std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>& t)
             : std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>(t)
         {
         }
-#endif
 
         template <std::size_t _I>
         auto& get()
@@ -127,6 +174,9 @@ namespace sdbus {
         }
     };
 
+    template <typename... _Elements>
+    Struct(_Elements...) -> Struct<_Elements...>;
+
     template<typename... _Elements>
     constexpr Struct<std::decay_t<_Elements>...>
     make_struct(_Elements&&... args)
@@ -135,28 +185,413 @@ namespace sdbus {
         return result_type(std::forward<_Elements>(args)...);
     }
 
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class ObjectPath
+     *
+     * Strong type representing the D-Bus object path
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
     class ObjectPath : public std::string
     {
     public:
-        using std::string::string;
-        ObjectPath() = default; // Fixes gcc 6.3 error (default c-tor is not imported in above using declaration)
-        ObjectPath(std::string path)
-            : std::string(std::move(path))
+        ObjectPath() = default;
+        explicit ObjectPath(std::string value)
+            : std::string(std::move(value))
         {}
+        explicit ObjectPath(const char* value)
+            : std::string(value)
+        {}
+
         using std::string::operator=;
     };
 
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class BusName
+     *
+     * Strong type representing the D-Bus bus/service/connection name
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    class BusName : public std::string
+    {
+    public:
+        BusName() = default;
+        explicit BusName(std::string value)
+            : std::string(std::move(value))
+        {}
+        explicit BusName(const char* value)
+            : std::string(value)
+        {}
+
+        using std::string::operator=;
+    };
+
+    using ServiceName = BusName;
+    using ConnectionName = BusName;
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class InterfaceName
+     *
+     * Strong type representing the D-Bus interface name
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    class InterfaceName : public std::string
+    {
+    public:
+        InterfaceName() = default;
+        explicit InterfaceName(std::string value)
+            : std::string(std::move(value))
+        {}
+        explicit InterfaceName(const char* value)
+            : std::string(value)
+        {}
+
+        using std::string::operator=;
+    };
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class MemberName
+     *
+     * Strong type representing the D-Bus member name
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    class MemberName : public std::string
+    {
+    public:
+        MemberName() = default;
+        explicit MemberName(std::string value)
+                : std::string(std::move(value))
+        {}
+        explicit MemberName(const char* value)
+                : std::string(value)
+        {}
+
+        using std::string::operator=;
+    };
+
+    using MethodName = MemberName;
+    using SignalName = MemberName;
+    using PropertyName = MemberName;
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @class Signature
+     *
+     * Strong type representing the D-Bus object path
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
     class Signature : public std::string
     {
     public:
-        using std::string::string;
-        Signature() = default; // Fixes gcc 6.3 error (default c-tor is not imported in above using declaration)
-        Signature(std::string path)
-            : std::string(std::move(path))
+        Signature() = default;
+        explicit Signature(std::string value)
+            : std::string(std::move(value))
         {}
+        explicit Signature(const char* value)
+            : std::string(value)
+        {}
+
         using std::string::operator=;
     };
 
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @struct UnixFd
+     *
+     * UnixFd is a representation of file descriptor D-Bus type that owns
+     * the underlying fd, provides access to it, and closes the fd when
+     * the UnixFd goes out of scope.
+     *
+     * UnixFd can be default constructed (owning invalid fd), or constructed from
+     * an explicitly provided fd by either duplicating or adopting that fd as-is.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    class UnixFd
+    {
+    public:
+        UnixFd() = default;
+
+        explicit UnixFd(int fd)
+            : fd_(checkedDup(fd))
+        {
+        }
+
+        UnixFd(int fd, adopt_fd_t)
+            : fd_(fd)
+        {
+        }
+
+        UnixFd(const UnixFd& other)
+        {
+            *this = other;
+        }
+
+        UnixFd& operator=(const UnixFd& other)
+        {
+            if (this == &other)
+            {
+                return *this;
+            }
+            close();
+            fd_ = checkedDup(other.fd_);
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        UnixFd(UnixFd&& other)
+        {
+            *this = std::move(other);
+        }
+
+        UnixFd& operator=(UnixFd&& other)
+        {
+            if (this == &other)
+            {
+                return *this;
+            }
+            close();
+            fd_ = std::exchange(other.fd_, -1);
+            return *this;
+        }
+
+        ~UnixFd()
+        {
+            close();
+        }
+
+        [[nodiscard]] int get() const
+        {
+            return fd_;
+        }
+
+        void reset(int fd = -1)
+        {
+            *this = UnixFd{fd};
+        }
+
+        void reset(int fd, adopt_fd_t)
+        {
+            *this = UnixFd{fd, adopt_fd};
+        }
+
+        int release()
+        {
+            return std::exchange(fd_, -1);
+        }
+
+        [[nodiscard]] bool isValid() const
+        {
+            return fd_ >= 0;
+        }
+
+    private:
+        /// Closes file descriptor, but does not set it to -1.
+        void close();
+
+        /// Returns negative argument unchanged.
+        /// Otherwise, call ::dup and throw on failure.
+        static int checkedDup(int fd);
+
+        int fd_ = -1;
+    };
+
+    /********************************************//**
+     * @typedef DictEntry
+     *
+     * DictEntry is implemented as std::pair, a standard
+     * value_type in STL(-like) associative containers.
+     *
+     ***********************************************/
+    template<typename _T1, typename _T2>
+    using DictEntry = std::pair<_T1, _T2>;
+
 }
 
+// Making sdbus::Struct implement the tuple-protocol, i.e. be a tuple-like type
+template <size_t _I, typename... _ValueTypes>
+struct std::tuple_element<_I, sdbus::Struct<_ValueTypes...>>
+    : std::tuple_element<_I, std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>>
+{};
+template <typename... _ValueTypes>
+struct std::tuple_size<sdbus::Struct<_ValueTypes...>>
+    : std::tuple_size<std::tuple<_ValueTypes...>>
+{};
+
+/********************************************//**
+ * @name SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT
+ *
+ * A convenient way to extend sdbus-c++ type system with user-defined structs.
+ *
+ * The macro teaches sdbus-c++ to recognize the user-defined struct
+ * as a valid C++ representation of a D-Bus Struct type, and enables
+ * clients to use their struct conveniently instead of the (too
+ * generic and less expressive) `sdbus::Struct<...>` in sdbus-c++ API.
+ *
+ * It also enables to serialize a user-defined struct as an a{sv} dictionary,
+ * and to deserialize an a{sv} dictionary into the user-defined struct.
+ *
+ * The first argument is the struct type name and the remaining arguments
+ * are names of struct members. Members must be of types supported by
+ * sdbus-c++ (or of user-defined types that sdbus-c++ was taught to support).
+ * Members can be other structs (nesting is supported).
+ * The macro must be placed in the global namespace.
+ *
+ * For example, given the user-defined struct `ABC`:
+ *
+ * namespace foo {
+ *     struct ABC
+ *     {
+ *         int number;
+ *         std::string name;
+ *         std::vector<double> data;
+ *     };
+ * }
+ *
+ * one can teach sdbus-c++ about the contents of this struct simply with:
+ *
+ * SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT(foo::ABC, number, name, data);
+ *
+ * Up to 16 struct members are supported by the macro.
+ *
+ ***********************************************/
+#define SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT(STRUCT, ...)                                                                                                           \
+    namespace sdbus {                                                                                                                                   \
+        static_assert(SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG(__VA_ARGS__) <= 16,                                                                                              \
+                     "Not more than 16 struct members are supported, please open an issue if you need more");                                           \
+                                                                                                                                                        \
+        template <>                                                                                                                                     \
+        struct signature_of<STRUCT>                                                                                                                     \
+            : signature_of<sdbus::Struct<SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER_TYPES(STRUCT, __VA_ARGS__)>>                                                            \
+        {};                                                                                                                                             \
+                                                                                                                                                        \
+        inline auto as_dictionary_if_struct(const STRUCT& object)                                                                                       \
+        {                                                                                                                                               \
+            return as_dictionary<STRUCT>(object);                                                                                                       \
+        }                                                                                                                                               \
+                                                                                                                                                        \
+        inline sdbus::Message& operator<<(sdbus::Message& msg, const STRUCT& items)                                                                     \
+        {                                                                                                                                               \
+            return msg << sdbus::Struct{std::forward_as_tuple(SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBERS(items, __VA_ARGS__))};                                            \
+        }                                                                                                                                               \
+                                                                                                                                                        \
+        inline Message& operator<<(Message& msg, const as_dictionary<STRUCT>& s)                                                                        \
+        {                                                                                                                                               \
+            if constexpr (!nested_struct_as_dict_serialization_v<STRUCT>)                                                                               \
+                return msg.serializeDictionary<std::string, Variant>({SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBERS_AS_DICT_ENTRIES(s.m_struct, __VA_ARGS__)});               \
+            else                                                                                                                                        \
+                return msg.serializeDictionary<std::string, Variant>({SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBERS_AS_NESTED_DICT_ENTRIES(s.m_struct, __VA_ARGS__)});        \
+        }                                                                                                                                               \
+                                                                                                                                                        \
+        inline Message& operator>>(Message& msg, STRUCT& s)                                                                                             \
+        {                                                                                                                                               \
+            /* First, try to deserialize as a struct */                                                                                                 \
+            if (msg.peekType().first == signature_of<STRUCT>::type_value)                                                                               \
+            {                                                                                                                                           \
+                Struct sdbusStruct{std::forward_as_tuple(SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBERS(s, __VA_ARGS__))};                                                     \
+                return msg >> sdbusStruct;                                                                                                              \
+            }                                                                                                                                           \
+                                                                                                                                                        \
+            /* Otherwise try to deserialize as a dictionary of strings to variants */                                                                   \
+                                                                                                                                                        \
+            return msg.deserializeDictionary<std::string, Variant>([&s](const auto& dictEntry)                                                          \
+            {                                                                                                                                           \
+                const std::string& key = dictEntry.first; /* Intentionally not using structured bindings */                                             \
+                const Variant& value = dictEntry.second;                                                                                                \
+                                                                                                                                                        \
+                using namespace std::string_literals;                                                                                                   \
+                /* This also handles members which are structs serialized as dict of strings to variants, recursively */                                \
+                SDBUSCPP_FIND_AND_DESERIALIZE_STRUCT_MEMBERS(s, __VA_ARGS__)                                                                            \
+                SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF( strict_dict_as_struct_deserialization_v<STRUCT>                                                                   \
+                                    , ("Failed to deserialize struct from a dictionary: could not find field '"s += key) += "' in struct 'my::Struct'"  \
+                                    , EINVAL );                                                                                                         \
+            });                                                                                                                                         \
+        }                                                                                                                                               \
+    }                                                                                                                                                   \
+    /**/
+
+/********************************************//**
+ * @name SDBUSCPP_ENABLE_RELAXED_DICT2STRUCT_DESERIALIZATION
+ *
+ * Enables relaxed deserialization of an a{sv} dictionary into a user-defined struct STRUCT.
+ *
+ * The default (strict) deserialization mode is that if there are entries in the dictionary
+ * which do not have a corresponding field in the struct, an exception is thrown.
+ * In the relaxed mode, such entries are silently skipped.
+ *
+ * The macro can only be used in combination with SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT macro,
+ * and must be placed before SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT macro.
+ ***********************************************/
+#define SDBUSCPP_ENABLE_RELAXED_DICT2STRUCT_DESERIALIZATION(STRUCT)                                             \
+    template <>                                                                                                 \
+    constexpr auto sdbus::strict_dict_as_struct_deserialization_v<STRUCT> = false;                              \
+    /**/
+
+/********************************************//**
+ * @name SDBUSCPP_ENABLE_NESTED_STRUCT2DICT_SERIALIZATION
+ *
+ * Enables nested serialization of user-defined struct STRUCT as an a{sv} dictionary.
+ *
+ * By default, STRUCT fields which are structs themselves are serialized as D-Bus structs.
+ * This macro tells sdbus-c++ to also serialize nested structs, in a recursive fashion,
+ * as a{sv} dictionaries.
+ *
+ * The macro can only be used in combination with SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT macro,
+ * and must be placed before SDBUSCPP_REGISTER_STRUCT macro.
+ ***********************************************/
+#define SDBUSCPP_ENABLE_NESTED_STRUCT2DICT_SERIALIZATION(STRUCT)                                                \
+    template <>                                                                                                 \
+    constexpr auto sdbus::nested_struct_as_dict_serialization_v<STRUCT> = true                                  \
+    /**/
+
+/*!
+ * @cond SDBUSCPP_INTERNAL
+ *
+ * Internal helper preprocessor facilities
+ */
+#define SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBERS(STRUCT, ...)                                                                                                                    \
+    SDBUSCPP_PP_CAT(SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_, SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG(__VA_ARGS__))(SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER, SDBUSCPP_PP_COMMA, STRUCT, __VA_ARGS__)                          \
+    /**/
+#define SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER(STRUCT, MEMBER) STRUCT.MEMBER
+
+#define SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER_TYPES(STRUCT, ...)                                                                                                               \
+    SDBUSCPP_PP_CAT(SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_, SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG(__VA_ARGS__))(SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER_TYPE, SDBUSCPP_PP_COMMA, STRUCT, __VA_ARGS__)                     \
+    /**/
+#define SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER_TYPE(STRUCT, MEMBER) decltype(STRUCT::MEMBER)
+
+#define SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBERS_AS_DICT_ENTRIES(STRUCT, ...)                                                                                                    \
+    SDBUSCPP_PP_CAT(SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_, SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG(__VA_ARGS__))(SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER_AS_DICT_ENTRY, SDBUSCPP_PP_COMMA, STRUCT, __VA_ARGS__)            \
+    /**/
+#define SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER_AS_DICT_ENTRY(STRUCT, MEMBER) {#MEMBER, Variant{STRUCT.MEMBER}}
+
+#define SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBERS_AS_NESTED_DICT_ENTRIES(STRUCT, ...)                                                                                             \
+    SDBUSCPP_PP_CAT(SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_, SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG(__VA_ARGS__))(SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER_AS_NESTED_DICT_ENTRY, SDBUSCPP_PP_COMMA, STRUCT, __VA_ARGS__)     \
+    /**/
+#define SDBUSCPP_STRUCT_MEMBER_AS_NESTED_DICT_ENTRY(STRUCT, MEMBER) {#MEMBER, Variant{as_dictionary_if_struct(STRUCT.MEMBER)}}
+
+#define SDBUSCPP_FIND_AND_DESERIALIZE_STRUCT_MEMBERS(STRUCT, ...)                                                                                               \
+    SDBUSCPP_PP_CAT(SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_, SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG(__VA_ARGS__))(SDBUSCPP_FIND_AND_DESERIALIZE_STRUCT_MEMBER, SDBUSCPP_PP_SPACE, STRUCT, __VA_ARGS__)     \
+    /**/
+#define SDBUSCPP_FIND_AND_DESERIALIZE_STRUCT_MEMBER(STRUCT, MEMBER) if (key == #MEMBER) STRUCT.MEMBER = value.get<decltype(STRUCT.MEMBER)>(); else
+
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_1(M, D, S, M1) M(S, M1)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_2(M, D, S, M1, M2) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_3(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_4(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_5(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_6(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_7(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_8(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_9(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8) D M(S, M9)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_10(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8) D M(S, M9) D M(S, M10)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_11(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8) D M(S, M9) D M(S, M10) D M(S, M11)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_12(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8) D M(S, M9) D M(S, M10) D M(S, M11) D M(S, M12)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_13(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12, M13) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8) D M(S, M9) D M(S, M10) D M(S, M11) D M(S, M12) D M(S, M13)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_14(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12, M13, M14) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8) D M(S, M9) D M(S, M10) D M(S, M11) D M(S, M12) D M(S, M13) D M(S, M14)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_15(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12, M13, M14, M15) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8) D M(S, M9) D M(S, M10) D M(S, M11) D M(S, M12) D M(S, M13) D M(S, M14) D M(S, M15)
+#define SDBUSCPP_FOR_EACH_16(M, D, S, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, M6, M7, M8, M9, M10, M11, M12, M13, M14, M15, M16) M(S, M1) D M(S, M2) D M(S, M3) D M(S, M4) D M(S, M5) D M(S, M6) D M(S, M7) D M(S, M8) D M(S, M9) D M(S, M10) D M(S, M11) D M(S, M12) D M(S, M13) D M(S, M14) D M(S, M15) D M(S, M16)
+
+#define SDBUSCPP_PP_CAT(X, Y) SDBUSCPP_PP_CAT_IMPL(X, Y)
+#define SDBUSCPP_PP_CAT_IMPL(X, Y) X##Y
+#define SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG(...) SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG_IMPL(__VA_ARGS__, 32, 31, 30, 29, 28, 27, 26, 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
+#define SDBUSCPP_PP_NARG_IMPL(_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, _11, _12, _13, _14, _15, _16, _17, _18, _19, _20, _21, _22, _23, _24, _25, _26, _27, _28, _29, _30, _31, _32, _N, ...) _N
+
+#define SDBUSCPP_PP_COMMA ,
+#define SDBUSCPP_PP_SPACE
+
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_TYPES_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/VTableItems.h

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file VTableItems.h
+ *
+ * Created on: Dec 14, 2023
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_VTABLEITEMS_H_
+#define SDBUS_CXX_VTABLEITEMS_H_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/Flags.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+
+#include <string>
+#include <variant>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+    struct MethodVTableItem
+    {
+        template <typename _Function> MethodVTableItem& implementedAs(_Function&& callback);
+        MethodVTableItem& withInputParamNames(std::vector<std::string> names);
+        template <typename... _String> MethodVTableItem& withInputParamNames(_String... names);
+        MethodVTableItem& withOutputParamNames(std::vector<std::string> names);
+        template <typename... _String> MethodVTableItem& withOutputParamNames(_String... names);
+        MethodVTableItem& markAsDeprecated();
+        MethodVTableItem& markAsPrivileged();
+        MethodVTableItem& withNoReply();
+
+        MethodName name;
+        Signature inputSignature;
+        std::vector<std::string> inputParamNames;
+        Signature outputSignature;
+        std::vector<std::string> outputParamNames;
+        method_callback callbackHandler;
+        Flags flags;
+    };
+
+    MethodVTableItem registerMethod(MethodName methodName);
+    MethodVTableItem registerMethod(std::string methodName);
+
+    struct SignalVTableItem
+    {
+        template <typename... _Args> SignalVTableItem& withParameters();
+        template <typename... _Args> SignalVTableItem& withParameters(std::vector<std::string> names);
+        template <typename... _Args, typename... _String> SignalVTableItem& withParameters(_String... names);
+        SignalVTableItem& markAsDeprecated();
+
+        SignalName name;
+        Signature signature;
+        std::vector<std::string> paramNames;
+        Flags flags;
+    };
+
+    SignalVTableItem registerSignal(SignalName signalName);
+    SignalVTableItem registerSignal(std::string signalName);
+
+    struct PropertyVTableItem
+    {
+        template <typename _Function> PropertyVTableItem& withGetter(_Function&& callback);
+        template <typename _Function> PropertyVTableItem& withSetter(_Function&& callback);
+        PropertyVTableItem& markAsDeprecated();
+        PropertyVTableItem& markAsPrivileged();
+        PropertyVTableItem& withUpdateBehavior(Flags::PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags behavior);
+
+        PropertyName name;
+        Signature signature;
+        property_get_callback getter;
+        property_set_callback setter;
+        Flags flags;
+    };
+
+    PropertyVTableItem registerProperty(PropertyName propertyName);
+    PropertyVTableItem registerProperty(std::string propertyName);
+
+    struct InterfaceFlagsVTableItem
+    {
+        InterfaceFlagsVTableItem& markAsDeprecated();
+        InterfaceFlagsVTableItem& markAsPrivileged();
+        InterfaceFlagsVTableItem& withNoReplyMethods();
+        InterfaceFlagsVTableItem& withPropertyUpdateBehavior(Flags::PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags behavior);
+
+        Flags flags;
+    };
+
+    InterfaceFlagsVTableItem setInterfaceFlags();
+
+    using VTableItem = std::variant<MethodVTableItem, SignalVTableItem, PropertyVTableItem, InterfaceFlagsVTableItem>;
+
+} // namespace sdbus
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_VTABLEITEMS_H_ */

include/sdbus-c++/VTableItems.inl

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file VTableItems.inl
+ *
+ * Created on: Dec 14, 2023
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CPP_VTABLEITEMS_INL_
+#define SDBUS_CPP_VTABLEITEMS_INL_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
+
+#include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+    /*** -------------------- ***/
+    /***  Method VTable Item  ***/
+    /*** -------------------- ***/
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    MethodVTableItem& MethodVTableItem::implementedAs(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        inputSignature = signature_of_function_input_arguments_v<_Function>;
+        outputSignature = signature_of_function_output_arguments_v<_Function>;
+        callbackHandler = [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](MethodCall call)
+        {
+            // Create a tuple of callback input arguments' types, which will be used
+            // as a storage for the argument values deserialized from the message.
+            tuple_of_function_input_arg_types_t<_Function> inputArgs;
+
+            // Deserialize input arguments from the message into the tuple.
+            call >> inputArgs;
+
+            if constexpr (!is_async_method_v<_Function>)
+            {
+                // Invoke callback with input arguments from the tuple.
+                auto ret = sdbus::apply(callback, inputArgs);
+
+                // Store output arguments to the reply message and send it back.
+                auto reply = call.createReply();
+                reply << ret;
+                reply.send();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // Invoke callback with input arguments from the tuple and with result object to be set later
+                using AsyncResult = typename function_traits<_Function>::async_result_t;
+                sdbus::apply(callback, AsyncResult{std::move(call)}, std::move(inputArgs));
+            }
+        };
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline MethodVTableItem& MethodVTableItem::withInputParamNames(std::vector<std::string> names)
+    {
+        inputParamNames = std::move(names);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _String>
+    inline MethodVTableItem& MethodVTableItem::withInputParamNames(_String... names)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::conjunction_v<std::is_convertible<_String, std::string>...>, "Parameter names must be (convertible to) strings");
+
+        return withInputParamNames({names...});
+    }
+
+    inline MethodVTableItem& MethodVTableItem::withOutputParamNames(std::vector<std::string> names)
+    {
+        outputParamNames = std::move(names);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _String>
+    inline MethodVTableItem& MethodVTableItem::withOutputParamNames(_String... names)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::conjunction_v<std::is_convertible<_String, std::string>...>, "Parameter names must be (convertible to) strings");
+
+        return withOutputParamNames({names...});
+    }
+
+    inline MethodVTableItem& MethodVTableItem::markAsDeprecated()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::DEPRECATED);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline MethodVTableItem& MethodVTableItem::markAsPrivileged()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::PRIVILEGED);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline MethodVTableItem& MethodVTableItem::withNoReply()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::METHOD_NO_REPLY);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline MethodVTableItem registerMethod(MethodName methodName)
+    {
+        return {std::move(methodName), {}, {}, {}, {}, {}, {}};
+    }
+
+    inline MethodVTableItem registerMethod(std::string methodName)
+    {
+        return registerMethod(MethodName{std::move(methodName)});
+    }
+
+    /*** -------------------- ***/
+    /***  Signal VTable Item  ***/
+    /*** -------------------- ***/
+
+    template <typename... _Args>
+    inline SignalVTableItem& SignalVTableItem::withParameters()
+    {
+        signature = signature_of_function_input_arguments_v<void(_Args...)>;
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Args>
+    inline SignalVTableItem& SignalVTableItem::withParameters(std::vector<std::string> names)
+    {
+        paramNames = std::move(names);
+
+        return withParameters<_Args...>();
+    }
+
+    template <typename... _Args, typename... _String>
+    inline SignalVTableItem& SignalVTableItem::withParameters(_String... names)
+    {
+        static_assert(std::conjunction_v<std::is_convertible<_String, std::string>...>, "Parameter names must be (convertible to) strings");
+        static_assert(sizeof...(_Args) == sizeof...(_String), "Numbers of signal parameters and their names don't match");
+
+        return withParameters<_Args...>({names...});
+    }
+
+    inline SignalVTableItem& SignalVTableItem::markAsDeprecated()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::DEPRECATED);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline SignalVTableItem registerSignal(SignalName signalName)
+    {
+        return {std::move(signalName), {}, {}, {}};
+    }
+
+    inline SignalVTableItem registerSignal(std::string signalName)
+    {
+        return registerSignal(SignalName{std::move(signalName)});
+    }
+
+    /*** -------------------- ***/
+    /*** Property VTable Item ***/
+    /*** -------------------- ***/
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    inline PropertyVTableItem& PropertyVTableItem::withGetter(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        static_assert(function_argument_count_v<_Function> == 0, "Property getter function must not take any arguments");
+        static_assert(!std::is_void<function_result_t<_Function>>::value, "Property getter function must return property value");
+
+        if (signature.empty())
+            signature = signature_of_function_output_arguments_v<_Function>;
+
+        getter = [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](PropertyGetReply& reply)
+        {
+            // Get the propety value and serialize it into the pre-constructed reply message
+            reply << callback();
+        };
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Function>
+    inline PropertyVTableItem& PropertyVTableItem::withSetter(_Function&& callback)
+    {
+        static_assert(function_argument_count_v<_Function> == 1, "Property setter function must take one parameter - the property value");
+        static_assert(std::is_void<function_result_t<_Function>>::value, "Property setter function must not return any value");
+
+        if (signature.empty())
+            signature = signature_of_function_input_arguments_v<_Function>;
+
+        setter = [callback = std::forward<_Function>(callback)](PropertySetCall call)
+        {
+            // Default-construct property value
+            using property_type = function_argument_t<_Function, 0>;
+            std::decay_t<property_type> property;
+
+            // Deserialize property value from the incoming call message
+            call >> property;
+
+            // Invoke setter with the value
+            callback(property);
+        };
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline PropertyVTableItem& PropertyVTableItem::markAsDeprecated()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::DEPRECATED);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline PropertyVTableItem& PropertyVTableItem::markAsPrivileged()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::PRIVILEGED);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline PropertyVTableItem& PropertyVTableItem::withUpdateBehavior(Flags::PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags behavior)
+    {
+        flags.set(behavior);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline PropertyVTableItem registerProperty(PropertyName propertyName)
+    {
+        return {std::move(propertyName), {}, {}, {}, {}};
+    }
+
+    inline PropertyVTableItem registerProperty(std::string propertyName)
+    {
+        return registerProperty(PropertyName{std::move(propertyName)});
+    }
+
+    /*** --------------------------- ***/
+    /*** Interface Flags VTable Item ***/
+    /*** --------------------------- ***/
+
+    inline InterfaceFlagsVTableItem& InterfaceFlagsVTableItem::markAsDeprecated()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::DEPRECATED);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline InterfaceFlagsVTableItem& InterfaceFlagsVTableItem::markAsPrivileged()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::PRIVILEGED);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline InterfaceFlagsVTableItem& InterfaceFlagsVTableItem::withNoReplyMethods()
+    {
+        flags.set(Flags::METHOD_NO_REPLY);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline InterfaceFlagsVTableItem& InterfaceFlagsVTableItem::withPropertyUpdateBehavior(Flags::PropertyUpdateBehaviorFlags behavior)
+    {
+        flags.set(behavior);
+
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    inline InterfaceFlagsVTableItem setInterfaceFlags()
+    {
+        return {};
+    }
+
+} // namespace sdbus
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CPP_VTABLEITEMS_INL_ */

include/sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file sdbus-c++.h
  *
@@ -25,11 +26,13 @@
 
 #include <sdbus-c++/IConnection.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObjectProxy.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Interfaces.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/IProxy.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/AdaptorInterfaces.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/ProxyInterfaces.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/StandardInterfaces.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/MethodResult.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Introspection.h>
 #include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
+#include <sdbus-c++/Flags.h>

pkgconfig/sdbus-c++.pc.in

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ includedir=@CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_INCLUDEDIR@
 
 Name: @PROJECT_NAME@
 Description: C++ library on top of sd-bus, a systemd D-Bus library
-Requires: libsystemd
+Requires@PKGCONFIG_REQS@: @PKGCONFIG_DEPS@
 Version: @SDBUSCPP_VERSION@
 Libs: -L${libdir} -l@PROJECT_NAME@
 Cflags: -I${includedir}

sdbus-c++-config.cmake.in

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-# Config file for the sdbus-c++ package.
-#
-# It defines the following variables:
-#  SDBUSCPP_VERSION      - version of sdbus-c++
-#  SDBUSCPP_FOUND        - set to true
-#  SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIRS - include directories for sdbus-c++
-#  SDBUSCPP_LIBRARY_DIR  - library directories for sdbus-c++
-#  SDBUSCPP_LIBRARIES    - libraries to link against
-
-set(SDBUSCPP_VERSION "@SDBUSCPP_VERSION@")
-set(SDBUSCPP_FOUND "TRUE")
-set(SDBUSCPP_INCLUDE_DIRS "@CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_INCLUDEDIR@")
-set(SDBUSCPP_LIBRARY_DIR "@CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_LIBDIR@")
-set(SDBUSCPP_LIBRARIES sdbus-c++)

src/Connection.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Connection.h
  *
@@ -26,87 +27,230 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_CONNECTION_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_CONNECTION_H_
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/IConnection.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
+#include "sdbus-c++/IConnection.h"
+
+#include "sdbus-c++/Message.h"
+
 #include "IConnection.h"
-#include "ScopeGuard.h"
 #include "ISdBus.h"
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
+#include "ScopeGuard.h"
+
 #include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
 #include <thread>
+#include <vector>
 
-namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
+// Forward declarations
+struct sd_event_source;
+namespace sdbus {
+    class ObjectPath;
+    class InterfaceName;
+    class BusName;
+    using ServiceName = BusName;
+    class MemberName;
+    using MethodName = MemberName;
+    using SignalName = MemberName;
+    using PropertyName = MemberName;
+}
 
-    class Connection
-        : public sdbus::IConnection           // External, public interface
-        , public sdbus::internal::IConnection // Internal, private interface
+namespace sdbus::internal {
+
+    class Connection final
+        : public sdbus::internal::IConnection
     {
     public:
-        enum class BusType
-        {
-            eSystem,
-            eSession
-        };
+        // Bus type tags
+        struct default_bus_t{};
+        inline static constexpr default_bus_t default_bus{};
+        struct system_bus_t{};
+        inline static constexpr system_bus_t system_bus{};
+        struct session_bus_t{};
+        inline static constexpr session_bus_t session_bus{};
+        struct custom_session_bus_t{};
+        inline static constexpr custom_session_bus_t custom_session_bus{};
+        struct remote_system_bus_t{};
+        inline static constexpr remote_system_bus_t remote_system_bus{};
+        struct private_bus_t{};
+        inline static constexpr private_bus_t private_bus{};
+        struct server_bus_t{};
+        inline static constexpr server_bus_t server_bus{};
+        struct sdbus_bus_t{}; // A bus connection created directly from existing sd_bus instance
+        inline static constexpr sdbus_bus_t sdbus_bus{};
+        struct pseudo_bus_t{}; // A bus connection that is not really established with D-Bus daemon
+        inline static constexpr pseudo_bus_t pseudo_bus{};
 
-        Connection(BusType type, std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, default_bus_t);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, system_bus_t);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, session_bus_t);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, custom_session_bus_t, const std::string& address);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, remote_system_bus_t, const std::string& host);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, private_bus_t, const std::string& address);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, private_bus_t, int fd);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, server_bus_t, int fd);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, sdbus_bus_t, sd_bus *bus);
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, pseudo_bus_t);
         ~Connection() override;
 
-        void requestName(const std::string& name) override;
-        void releaseName(const std::string& name) override;
-        void enterProcessingLoop() override;
-        void enterProcessingLoopAsync() override;
-        void leaveProcessingLoop() override;
+        void requestName(const ServiceName & name) override;
+        void releaseName(const ServiceName& name) override;
+        [[nodiscard]] BusName getUniqueName() const override;
+        void enterEventLoop() override;
+        void enterEventLoopAsync() override;
+        void leaveEventLoop() override;
+        [[nodiscard]] PollData getEventLoopPollData() const override;
+        bool processPendingEvent() override;
+        Message getCurrentlyProcessedMessage() const override;
 
-        const ISdBus& getSdBusInterface() const override;
-        ISdBus& getSdBusInterface() override;
+        void addObjectManager(const ObjectPath& objectPath) override;
+        Slot addObjectManager(const ObjectPath& objectPath, return_slot_t) override;
 
-        sd_bus_slot* addObjectVTable( const std::string& objectPath
-                                    , const std::string& interfaceName
-                                    , const sd_bus_vtable* vtable
-                                    , void* userData ) override;
-        void removeObjectVTable(sd_bus_slot* vtableHandle) override;
+        void setMethodCallTimeout(uint64_t timeout) override;
+        [[nodiscard]] uint64_t getMethodCallTimeout() const override;
 
-        MethodCall createMethodCall( const std::string& destination
-                                   , const std::string& objectPath
-                                   , const std::string& interfaceName
-                                   , const std::string& methodName ) const override;
-        Signal createSignal( const std::string& objectPath
-                           , const std::string& interfaceName
-                           , const std::string& signalName ) const override;
+        void addMatch(const std::string& match, message_handler callback) override;
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot addMatch(const std::string& match, message_handler callback, return_slot_t) override;
+        void addMatchAsync(const std::string& match, message_handler callback, message_handler installCallback) override;
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot addMatchAsync( const std::string& match
+                                        , message_handler callback
+                                        , message_handler installCallback
+                                        , return_slot_t ) override;
 
-        sd_bus_slot* registerSignalHandler( const std::string& objectPath
-                                          , const std::string& interfaceName
-                                          , const std::string& signalName
-                                          , sd_bus_message_handler_t callback
-                                          , void* userData ) override;
-        void unregisterSignalHandler(sd_bus_slot* handlerCookie) override;
+        void attachSdEventLoop(sd_event *event, int priority) override;
+        void detachSdEventLoop() override;
+        sd_event *getSdEventLoop() override;
+
+        Slot addObjectVTable( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                            , const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                            , const sd_bus_vtable* vtable
+                            , void* userData
+                            , return_slot_t ) override;
+
+        [[nodiscard]] PlainMessage createPlainMessage() const override;
+        [[nodiscard]] MethodCall createMethodCall( const ServiceName& destination
+                                                 , const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                                 , const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                                 , const MethodName& methodName ) const override;
+        [[nodiscard]] MethodCall createMethodCall( const char* destination
+                                                 , const char* objectPath
+                                                 , const char* interfaceName
+                                                 , const char* methodName ) const override;
+        [[nodiscard]] Signal createSignal( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                         , const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                         , const SignalName& signalName ) const override;
+        [[nodiscard]] Signal createSignal( const char* objectPath
+                                         , const char* interfaceName
+                                         , const char* signalName ) const override;
+
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                        , const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                        , const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames ) override;
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal( const char* objectPath
+                                        , const char* interfaceName
+                                        , const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames ) override;
+        void emitInterfacesAddedSignal(const ObjectPath& objectPath) override;
+        void emitInterfacesAddedSignal( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                      , const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces ) override;
+        void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(const ObjectPath& objectPath) override;
+        void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                        , const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces ) override;
+
+        Slot registerSignalHandler( const char* sender
+                                  , const char* objectPath
+                                  , const char* interfaceName
+                                  , const char* signalName
+                                  , sd_bus_message_handler_t callback
+                                  , void* userData
+                                  , return_slot_t ) override;
+
+        sd_bus_message* incrementMessageRefCount(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg) override;
+        sd_bus_message* decrementMessageRefCount(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg) override;
+
+        int querySenderCredentials(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg, uint64_t mask, sd_bus_creds **creds) override;
+        sd_bus_creds* incrementCredsRefCount(sd_bus_creds* creds) override;
+        sd_bus_creds* decrementCredsRefCount(sd_bus_creds* creds) override;
+
+        sd_bus_message* callMethod(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg, uint64_t timeout) override;
+        Slot callMethodAsync(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void* userData, uint64_t timeout, return_slot_t) override;
+        void sendMessage(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg) override;
+
+        sd_bus_message* createMethodReply(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg) override;
+        sd_bus_message* createErrorReplyMessage(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg, const Error& error) override;
 
     private:
-        sd_bus* openBus(Connection::BusType type);
+        using BusFactory = std::function<int(sd_bus**)>;
+        using BusPtr = std::unique_ptr<sd_bus, std::function<sd_bus*(sd_bus*)>>;
+        Connection(std::unique_ptr<ISdBus>&& interface, const BusFactory& busFactory);
+
+        BusPtr openBus(const std::function<int(sd_bus**)>& busFactory);
+        BusPtr openPseudoBus();
         void finishHandshake(sd_bus* bus);
-        static int createProcessingLoopExitDescriptor();
-        static void closeProcessingLoopExitDescriptor(int fd);
-        bool processPendingRequest();
-        bool waitForNextRequest();
-        static std::string composeSignalMatchFilter( const std::string& objectPath
-                                                   , const std::string& interfaceName
-                                                   , const std::string& signalName );
-        void notifyProcessingLoopToExit();
-        void clearExitNotification();
-        void joinWithProcessingLoop();
+        bool waitForNextEvent();
+
+        [[nodiscard]] bool arePendingMessagesInQueues() const;
+
+        void notifyEventLoopToExit();
+        void notifyEventLoopToWakeUpFromPoll();
+        void wakeUpEventLoopIfMessagesInQueue();
+        void joinWithEventLoop();
+
+        template <typename StringBasedType>
+        static std::vector</*const */char*> to_strv(const std::vector<StringBasedType>& strings);
+
+        static int sdbus_match_callback(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError);
+        static int sdbus_match_install_callback(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError);
 
     private:
-        std::unique_ptr<ISdBus> iface_;
-        std::unique_ptr<sd_bus, std::function<sd_bus*(sd_bus*)>> bus_ {nullptr, [this](sd_bus* bus)
-                                                                                {
-                                                                                    return iface_->sd_bus_flush_close_unref(bus);
-                                                                                }};
-        BusType busType_;
+#ifndef SDBUS_basu // sd_event integration is not supported if instead of libsystemd we are based on basu
+        Slot createSdEventSlot(sd_event *event);
+        Slot createSdTimeEventSourceSlot(sd_event *event, int priority);
+        Slot createSdIoEventSourceSlot(sd_event *event, int fd, int priority);
+        Slot createSdInternalEventSourceSlot(sd_event *event, int fd, int priority);
+        static void deleteSdEventSource(sd_event_source *s);
 
+        static int onSdTimerEvent(sd_event_source *s, uint64_t usec, void *userdata);
+        static int onSdIoEvent(sd_event_source *s, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
+        static int onSdInternalEvent(sd_event_source *s, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata);
+        static int onSdEventPrepare(sd_event_source *s, void *userdata);
+#endif
+
+        struct EventFd
+        {
+            EventFd();
+            ~EventFd();
+            void notify();
+            bool clear();
+
+            int fd{-1};
+        };
+
+        struct MatchInfo
+        {
+            message_handler callback;
+            message_handler installCallback;
+            Connection& connection;
+            Slot slot;
+        };
+
+        // sd-event integration
+        struct SdEvent
+        {
+            Slot sdEvent;
+            Slot sdTimeEventSource;
+            Slot sdIoEventSource;
+            Slot sdInternalEventSource;
+        };
+
+    private:
+        std::unique_ptr<ISdBus> sdbus_;
+        BusPtr bus_;
         std::thread asyncLoopThread_;
-        int loopExitFd_{-1};
+        EventFd loopExitFd_; // To wake up event loop I/O polling to exit
+        EventFd eventFd_; // To wake up event loop I/O polling to re-enter poll with fresh PollData values
+        std::vector<Slot> floatingMatchRules_;
+        std::unique_ptr<SdEvent> sdEvent_; // Integration of systemd sd-event event loop implementation
     };
 
-}}
+}
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_CONNECTION_H_ */

src/ConvenienceClasses.cpp

@@ -1,212 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file ConvenienceClasses.cpp
- *
- * Created on: Jan 19, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/ConvenienceClasses.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObjectProxy.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <exception>
-
-namespace sdbus {
-
-MethodRegistrator::MethodRegistrator(IObject& object, const std::string& methodName)
-    : object_(object)
-    , methodName_(methodName)
-    , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions()) // Needs C++17
-{
-}
-
-MethodRegistrator::~MethodRegistrator() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-{                                                              // explicitly be allowed to throw
-    // Don't register the method if MethodRegistrator threw an exception in one of its methods
-    if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-        return;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when registering a DBus method", EINVAL);
-
-    // registerMethod() can throw. But as the MethodRegistrator shall always be used as an unnamed,
-    // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-    // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-    // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-    // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-    // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-    // Therefore, we can allow registerMethod() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-    // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-    // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-    if (syncCallback_)
-        object_.registerMethod(interfaceName_, methodName_, inputSignature_, outputSignature_, std::move(syncCallback_), flags_);
-    else if(asyncCallback_)
-        object_.registerMethod(interfaceName_, methodName_, inputSignature_, outputSignature_, std::move(asyncCallback_), flags_);
-    else
-        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR("Method handler not specified when registering a DBus method", EINVAL);
-}
-
-SignalRegistrator::SignalRegistrator(IObject& object, const std::string& signalName)
-    : object_(object)
-    , signalName_(signalName)
-    , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions()) // Needs C++17
-{
-}
-
-SignalRegistrator::~SignalRegistrator() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-{                                                       // explicitly be allowed to throw
-    // Don't register the signal if SignalRegistrator threw an exception in one of its methods
-    if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-        return;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when registering a DBus signal", EINVAL);
-
-    // registerSignal() can throw. But as the SignalRegistrator shall always be used as an unnamed,
-    // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-    // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-    // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-    // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-    // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-    // Therefore, we can allow registerSignal() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-    // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-    // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-    object_.registerSignal(interfaceName_, signalName_, signalSignature_, flags_);
-}
-
-
-PropertyRegistrator::PropertyRegistrator(IObject& object, const std::string& propertyName)
-    : object_(object)
-    , propertyName_(propertyName)
-    , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
-{
-}
-
-PropertyRegistrator::~PropertyRegistrator() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-{                                                           // explicitly be allowed to throw
-    // Don't register the property if PropertyRegistrator threw an exception in one of its methods
-    if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-        return;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when registering a DBus property", EINVAL);
-
-    // registerProperty() can throw. But as the PropertyRegistrator shall always be used as an unnamed,
-    // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-    // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-    // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-    // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-    // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-    // Therefore, we can allow registerProperty() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-    // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-    // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-    object_.registerProperty( std::move(interfaceName_)
-                            , std::move(propertyName_)
-                            , std::move(propertySignature_)
-                            , std::move(getter_)
-                            , std::move(setter_)
-                            , flags_ );
-}
-
-
-InterfaceFlagsSetter::InterfaceFlagsSetter(IObject& object, const std::string& interfaceName)
-    : object_(object)
-    , interfaceName_(interfaceName)
-    , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions())
-{
-}
-
-InterfaceFlagsSetter::~InterfaceFlagsSetter() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-{                                                                    // explicitly be allowed to throw
-    // Don't set any flags if InterfaceFlagsSetter threw an exception in one of its methods
-    if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-        return;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(interfaceName_.empty(), "DBus interface not specified when setting its flags", EINVAL);
-
-    // setInterfaceFlags() can throw. But as the InterfaceFlagsSetter shall always be used as an unnamed,
-    // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-    // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-    // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-    // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-    // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-    // Therefore, we can allow setInterfaceFlags() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-    // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-    // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-    object_.setInterfaceFlags( std::move(interfaceName_)
-                             , std::move(flags_) );
-}
-
-
-SignalEmitter::SignalEmitter(IObject& object, const std::string& signalName)
-    : object_(object)
-    , signalName_(signalName)
-    , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions()) // Needs C++17
-{
-}
-
-SignalEmitter::~SignalEmitter() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-{                                               // explicitly be allowed to throw
-    // Don't emit the signal if SignalEmitter threw an exception in one of its methods
-    if (std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-        return;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!signal_.isValid(), "DBus interface not specified when emitting a DBus signal", EINVAL);
-
-    // emitSignal() can throw. But as the SignalEmitter shall always be used as an unnamed,
-    // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-    // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-    // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-    // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-    // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-    // Therefore, we can allow emitSignal() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-    // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-    // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-    object_.emitSignal(signal_);
-}
-
-
-MethodInvoker::MethodInvoker(IObjectProxy& objectProxy, const std::string& methodName)
-    : objectProxy_(objectProxy)
-    , methodName_(methodName)
-    , exceptions_(std::uncaught_exceptions()) // Needs C++17
-{
-}
-
-MethodInvoker::~MethodInvoker() noexcept(false) // since C++11, destructors must
-{                                               // explicitly be allowed to throw
-    // Don't call the method if it has been called already or if MethodInvoker
-    // threw an exception in one of its methods
-    if (methodCalled_ || std::uncaught_exceptions() != exceptions_)
-        return;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!method_.isValid(), "DBus interface not specified when calling a DBus method", EINVAL);
-
-    // callMethod() can throw. But as the MethodInvoker shall always be used as an unnamed,
-    // temporary object, i.e. not as a stack-allocated object, the double-exception situation
-    // shall never happen. I.e. it should not happen that this destructor is directly called
-    // in the stack-unwinding process of another flying exception (which would lead to immediate
-    // termination). It can be called indirectly in the destructor of another object, but that's
-    // fine and safe provided that the caller catches exceptions thrown from here.
-    // Therefore, we can allow callMethod() to throw even if we are in the destructor.
-    // Bottomline is, to be on the safe side, the caller must take care of catching and reacting
-    // to the exception thrown from here if the caller is a destructor itself.
-    objectProxy_.callMethod(method_);
-}
-
-}

src/Error.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Error.cpp
  *
@@ -23,20 +24,26 @@
  * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
+#include "sdbus-c++/Error.h"
+
 #include "ScopeGuard.h"
 
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
+
 namespace sdbus
 {
-    sdbus::Error createError(int errNo, const std::string& customMsg)
+    sdbus::Error createError(int errNo, std::string customMsg)
     {
         sd_bus_error sdbusError = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
         sd_bus_error_set_errno(&sdbusError, errNo);
         SCOPE_EXIT{ sd_bus_error_free(&sdbusError); };
 
-        std::string name(sdbusError.name);
-        std::string message(customMsg + " (" + sdbusError.message + ")");
-        return sdbus::Error(name, message);
+        Error::Name name(sdbusError.name);
+        std::string message(std::move(customMsg));
+        message.append(" (");
+        message.append(sdbusError.message);
+        message.append(")");
+
+        return Error(std::move(name), std::move(message));
     }
-}
+} // namespace sdbus

src/Flags.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Flags.cpp
  *
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <sdbus-c++/Flags.h>
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
 
 namespace sdbus
 {
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ namespace sdbus
             sdbusFlags |= SD_BUS_VTABLE_PROPERTY_CONST;
         else if (flags_.test(Flags::EMITS_NO_SIGNAL))
             sdbusFlags |= 0;
-        
+
         return sdbusFlags;
     }
 

src/IConnection.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file IConnection.h
  *
@@ -26,59 +27,109 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_ICONNECTION_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_ICONNECTION_H_
 
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <memory>
+#include "sdbus-c++/IConnection.h"
 
-// Forward declaration
+#include "sdbus-c++/TypeTraits.h"
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
+#include <vector>
+
+// Forward declarations
 namespace sdbus {
     class MethodCall;
-    class AsyncMethodCall;
     class MethodReply;
     class Signal;
+    class PlainMessage;
+    class ObjectPath;
+    class InterfaceName;
+    class BusName;
+    using ServiceName = BusName;
+    class MemberName;
+    using MethodName = MemberName;
+    using SignalName = MemberName;
+    using PropertyName = MemberName;
+    class Error;
     namespace internal {
         class ISdBus;
     }
 }
 
-namespace sdbus {
-namespace internal {
+namespace sdbus::internal {
 
     class IConnection
+        : public ::sdbus::IConnection
     {
     public:
-        virtual const ISdBus& getSdBusInterface() const = 0;
-        virtual ISdBus& getSdBusInterface() = 0;
+        ~IConnection() override = default;
 
-        virtual sd_bus_slot* addObjectVTable( const std::string& objectPath
-                                            , const std::string& interfaceName
-                                            , const sd_bus_vtable* vtable
-                                            , void* userData ) = 0;
-        virtual void removeObjectVTable(sd_bus_slot* vtableHandle) = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot addObjectVTable( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                                  , const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                                  , const sd_bus_vtable* vtable
+                                                  , void* userData
+                                                  , return_slot_t ) = 0;
 
-        virtual MethodCall createMethodCall( const std::string& destination
-                                           , const std::string& objectPath
-                                           , const std::string& interfaceName
-                                           , const std::string& methodName ) const = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual PlainMessage createPlainMessage() const = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual MethodCall createMethodCall( const ServiceName& destination
+                                                         , const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                                         , const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                                         , const MethodName& methodName ) const = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual MethodCall createMethodCall( const char* destination
+                                                         , const char* objectPath
+                                                         , const char* interfaceName
+                                                         , const char* methodName ) const = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Signal createSignal( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                                 , const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                                 , const SignalName& signalName ) const = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Signal createSignal( const char* objectPath
+                                                 , const char* interfaceName
+                                                 , const char* signalName ) const = 0;
 
-        virtual Signal createSignal( const std::string& objectPath
-                                   , const std::string& interfaceName
-                                   , const std::string& signalName ) const = 0;
+        virtual void emitPropertiesChangedSignal( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                                , const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                                , const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames ) = 0;
+        virtual void emitPropertiesChangedSignal( const char* objectPath
+                                                , const char* interfaceName
+                                                , const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames ) = 0;
+        virtual void emitInterfacesAddedSignal(const ObjectPath& objectPath) = 0;
+        virtual void emitInterfacesAddedSignal( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                              , const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces ) = 0;
+        virtual void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(const ObjectPath& objectPath) = 0;
+        virtual void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal( const ObjectPath& objectPath
+                                                , const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces ) = 0;
 
-        virtual sd_bus_slot* registerSignalHandler( const std::string& objectPath
-                                                  , const std::string& interfaceName
-                                                  , const std::string& signalName
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot registerSignalHandler( const char* sender
+                                                        , const char* objectPath
+                                                        , const char* interfaceName
+                                                        , const char* signalName
+                                                        , sd_bus_message_handler_t callback
+                                                        , void* userData
+                                                        , return_slot_t ) = 0;
+
+        virtual sd_bus_message* incrementMessageRefCount(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg) = 0;
+        virtual sd_bus_message* decrementMessageRefCount(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg) = 0;
+
+        // TODO: Refactor to higher level (Creds class will ownership handling and getters)
+        virtual int querySenderCredentials(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg, uint64_t mask, sd_bus_creds **creds) = 0;
+        virtual sd_bus_creds* incrementCredsRefCount(sd_bus_creds* creds) = 0;
+        virtual sd_bus_creds* decrementCredsRefCount(sd_bus_creds* creds) = 0;
+
+        virtual sd_bus_message* callMethod(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg, uint64_t timeout) = 0;
+        [[nodiscard]] virtual Slot callMethodAsync( sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg
                                                   , sd_bus_message_handler_t callback
-                                                  , void* userData ) = 0;
-        virtual void unregisterSignalHandler(sd_bus_slot* handlerCookie) = 0;
+                                                  , void* userData
+                                                  , uint64_t timeout
+                                                  , return_slot_t ) = 0;
+        virtual void sendMessage(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg) = 0;
 
-        virtual void enterProcessingLoopAsync() = 0;
-        virtual void leaveProcessingLoop() = 0;
-
-        virtual ~IConnection() = default;
+        virtual sd_bus_message* createMethodReply(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg) = 0;
+        virtual sd_bus_message* createErrorReplyMessage(sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg, const Error& error) = 0;
     };
 
-}
+    [[nodiscard]] std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection> createPseudoConnection();
+
 }
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_ICONNECTION_H_ */

src/ISdBus.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file ISdBus.h
  * @author Ardazishvili Roman (ardazishvili.roman@yandex.ru)
@@ -27,9 +28,9 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_ISDBUS_H
 #define SDBUS_CXX_ISDBUS_H
 
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
 
-namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
+namespace sdbus::internal {
 
     class ISdBus
     {
@@ -41,6 +42,8 @@ namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
             uint64_t timeout_usec;
         };
 
+        virtual ~ISdBus() = default;
+
         virtual sd_bus_message* sd_bus_message_ref(sd_bus_message *m) = 0;
         virtual sd_bus_message* sd_bus_message_unref(sd_bus_message *m) = 0;
 
@@ -48,28 +51,65 @@ namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
         virtual int sd_bus_call(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t usec, sd_bus_error *ret_error, sd_bus_message **reply) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_call_async(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, sd_bus_message *m, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata, uint64_t usec) = 0;
 
+        virtual int sd_bus_message_new(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, uint8_t type) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_message_new_method_call(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, const char *destination, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_message_new_signal(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_message_new_method_return(sd_bus_message *call, sd_bus_message **m) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(sd_bus_message *call, sd_bus_message **m, const sd_bus_error *e) = 0;
 
-        virtual int sd_bus_open_user(sd_bus **ret) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_set_method_call_timeout(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t usec) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_get_method_call_timeout(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t *ret) = 0;
+
+        virtual int sd_bus_emit_properties_changed_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, const char *interface, char **names) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_emit_object_added(sd_bus *bus, const char *path) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_emit_object_removed(sd_bus *bus, const char *path) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_emit_interfaces_added_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, char **interfaces) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_emit_interfaces_removed_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, char **interfaces) = 0;
+
+        virtual int sd_bus_open(sd_bus **ret) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_open_system(sd_bus **ret) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_open_user(sd_bus **ret) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_open_user_with_address(sd_bus **ret, const char* address) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_open_system_remote(sd_bus **ret, const char* host) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_open_direct(sd_bus **ret, const char* address) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_open_direct(sd_bus **ret, int fd) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_open_server(sd_bus **ret, int fd) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_request_name(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, uint64_t flags) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_release_name(sd_bus *bus, const char *name) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_get_unique_name(sd_bus *bus, const char **name) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_add_object_vtable(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *path, const char *interface, const sd_bus_vtable *vtable, void *userdata) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_add_object_manager(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *path) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_add_match(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *match, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_add_match_async(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *match, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, sd_bus_message_handler_t install_callback, void *userdata) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_match_signal(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **ret, const char *sender, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata) = 0;
         virtual sd_bus_slot* sd_bus_slot_unref(sd_bus_slot *slot) = 0;
 
-        virtual int sd_bus_process(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **r) = 0;
-        virtual int sd_bus_get_poll_data(sd_bus *bus, PollData* data) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_new(sd_bus **ret) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_start(sd_bus *bus) = 0;
 
+        virtual int sd_bus_process(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **r) = 0;
+        virtual sd_bus_message* sd_bus_get_current_message(sd_bus *bus) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_get_poll_data(sd_bus *bus, PollData* data) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_get_n_queued(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t *read, uint64_t* write) = 0;
         virtual int sd_bus_flush(sd_bus *bus) = 0;
         virtual sd_bus *sd_bus_flush_close_unref(sd_bus *bus) = 0;
+        virtual sd_bus *sd_bus_close_unref(sd_bus *bus) = 0;
 
-        virtual ~ISdBus() = default;
+        virtual int sd_bus_message_set_destination(sd_bus_message *m, const char *destination) = 0;
+
+        virtual int sd_bus_query_sender_creds(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t mask, sd_bus_creds **c) = 0;
+        virtual sd_bus_creds* sd_bus_creds_ref(sd_bus_creds *c) = 0;
+        virtual sd_bus_creds* sd_bus_creds_unref(sd_bus_creds *c) = 0;
+
+        virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_pid(sd_bus_creds *c, pid_t *pid) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_uid(sd_bus_creds *c, uid_t *uid) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_euid(sd_bus_creds *c, uid_t *uid) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_gid(sd_bus_creds *c, gid_t *gid) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_egid(sd_bus_creds *c, gid_t *egid) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_supplementary_gids(sd_bus_creds *c, const gid_t **gids) = 0;
+        virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_selinux_context(sd_bus_creds *c, const char **label) = 0;
     };
 
-}}
+}
 
 #endif //SDBUS_CXX_ISDBUS_H

src/Message.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Message.cpp
  *
@@ -23,38 +24,42 @@
  * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
+#include "sdbus-c++/Message.h"
+
+#include "sdbus-c++/Error.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/Types.h"
+
+#include "IConnection.h"
 #include "MessageUtils.h"
-#include "SdBus.h"
 #include "ScopeGuard.h"
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
+
 #include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
-Message::Message(internal::ISdBus* sdbus) noexcept
-    : sdbus_(sdbus)
+Message::Message(internal::IConnection* connection) noexcept
+    : connection_(connection)
 {
-    assert(sdbus_ != nullptr);
+    assert(connection_ != nullptr);
 }
 
-Message::Message(void *msg, internal::ISdBus* sdbus) noexcept
+Message::Message(void *msg, internal::IConnection* connection) noexcept
     : msg_(msg)
-    , sdbus_(sdbus)
+    , connection_(connection)
 {
     assert(msg_ != nullptr);
-    assert(sdbus_ != nullptr);
-    sdbus_->sd_bus_message_ref((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+    assert(connection_ != nullptr);
+    connection_->incrementMessageRefCount((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 }
 
-Message::Message(void *msg, internal::ISdBus* sdbus, adopt_message_t) noexcept
+Message::Message(void *msg, internal::IConnection* connection, adopt_message_t) noexcept
     : msg_(msg)
-    , sdbus_(sdbus)
+    , connection_(connection)
 {
     assert(msg_ != nullptr);
-    assert(sdbus_ != nullptr);
+    assert(connection_ != nullptr);
 }
 
 Message::Message(const Message& other) noexcept
@@ -65,13 +70,13 @@ Message::Message(const Message& other) noexcept
 Message& Message::operator=(const Message& other) noexcept
 {
     if (msg_)
-        sdbus_->sd_bus_message_unref((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+        connection_->decrementMessageRefCount((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 
     msg_ = other.msg_;
-    sdbus_ = other.sdbus_;
+    connection_ = other.connection_;
     ok_ = other.ok_;
 
-    sdbus_->sd_bus_message_ref((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+    connection_->incrementMessageRefCount((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 
     return *this;
 }
@@ -84,12 +89,12 @@ Message::Message(Message&& other) noexcept
 Message& Message::operator=(Message&& other) noexcept
 {
     if (msg_)
-        sdbus_->sd_bus_message_unref((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+        connection_->decrementMessageRefCount((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 
     msg_ = other.msg_;
     other.msg_ = nullptr;
-    sdbus_ = other.sdbus_;
-    other.sdbus_ = nullptr;
+    connection_ = other.connection_;
+    other.connection_ = nullptr;
     ok_ = other.ok_;
     other.ok_ = true;
 
@@ -99,13 +104,17 @@ Message& Message::operator=(Message&& other) noexcept
 Message::~Message()
 {
     if (msg_)
-        sdbus_->sd_bus_message_unref((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+        connection_->decrementMessageRefCount((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 }
 
 Message& Message::operator<<(bool item)
 {
     int intItem = item;
 
+    // Direct sd-bus method, bypassing SdBus mutex, are called here, since Message serialization/deserialization,
+    // as well as getter/setter methods are not thread safe by design. Additionally, they are called frequently,
+    // so some overhead is spared. What is thread-safe in Message class is Message constructors, copy/move operations
+    // and the destructor, so the Message instance can be passed from one thread to another safely.
     auto r = sd_bus_message_append_basic((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_BOOLEAN, &intItem);
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to serialize a bool value", -r);
 
@@ -192,6 +201,17 @@ Message& Message::operator<<(const std::string& item)
     return *this;
 }
 
+Message& Message::operator<<(std::string_view item)
+{
+    char* destPtr{};
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_append_string_space((sd_bus_message*)msg_, item.length(), &destPtr);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to serialize a string_view value", -r);
+
+    std::memcpy(destPtr, item.data(), item.length());
+
+    return *this;
+}
+
 Message& Message::operator<<(const Variant &item)
 {
     item.serializeTo(*this);
@@ -210,11 +230,27 @@ Message& Message::operator<<(const ObjectPath &item)
 Message& Message::operator<<(const Signature &item)
 {
     auto r = sd_bus_message_append_basic((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_SIGNATURE, item.c_str());
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to serialize an Signature value", -r);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to serialize a Signature value", -r);
 
     return *this;
 }
 
+Message& Message::operator<<(const UnixFd &item)
+{
+    auto fd = item.get();
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_append_basic((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD, &fd);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to serialize a UnixFd value", -r);
+
+    return *this;
+}
+
+Message& Message::appendArray(char type, const void *ptr, size_t size)
+{
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_append_array((sd_bus_message*)msg_, type, ptr, size);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to serialize an array", -r);
+
+    return *this;
+}
 
 Message& Message::operator>>(bool& item)
 {
@@ -307,6 +343,17 @@ Message& Message::operator>>(uint64_t& item)
     return *this;
 }
 
+Message& Message::readArray(char type, const void **ptr, size_t *size)
+{
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_read_array((sd_bus_message*)msg_, type, ptr, size);
+    if (r == 0)
+        ok_ = false;
+
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to deserialize an array", -r);
+
+    return *this;
+}
+
 Message& Message::operator>>(double& item)
 {
     auto r = sd_bus_message_read_basic((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_DOUBLE, &item);
@@ -383,10 +430,23 @@ Message& Message::operator>>(Signature &item)
     return *this;
 }
 
-
-Message& Message::openContainer(const std::string& signature)
+Message& Message::operator>>(UnixFd &item)
 {
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_open_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, signature.c_str());
+    int fd = -1;
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_read_basic((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_UNIX_FD, &fd);
+    if (r == 0)
+        ok_ = false;
+
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to deserialize a UnixFd value", -r);
+
+    item.reset(fd);
+
+    return *this;
+}
+
+Message& Message::openContainer(const char* signature)
+{
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_open_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, signature);
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to open a container", -r);
 
     return *this;
@@ -400,9 +460,9 @@ Message& Message::closeContainer()
     return *this;
 }
 
-Message& Message::openDictEntry(const std::string& signature)
+Message& Message::openDictEntry(const char* signature)
 {
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_open_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, signature.c_str());
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_open_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, signature);
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to open a dictionary entry", -r);
 
     return *this;
@@ -416,9 +476,9 @@ Message& Message::closeDictEntry()
     return *this;
 }
 
-Message& Message::openVariant(const std::string& signature)
+Message& Message::openVariant(const char* signature)
 {
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_open_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, signature.c_str());
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_open_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, signature);
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to open a variant", -r);
 
     return *this;
@@ -432,9 +492,9 @@ Message& Message::closeVariant()
     return *this;
 }
 
-Message& Message::openStruct(const std::string& signature)
+Message& Message::openStruct(const char* signature)
 {
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_open_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT, signature.c_str());
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_open_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT, signature);
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to open a struct", -r);
 
     return *this;
@@ -448,10 +508,9 @@ Message& Message::closeStruct()
     return *this;
 }
 
-
-Message& Message::enterContainer(const std::string& signature)
+Message& Message::enterContainer(const char* signature)
 {
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_enter_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, signature.c_str());
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_enter_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_ARRAY, signature);
     if (r == 0)
         ok_ = false;
 
@@ -468,9 +527,9 @@ Message& Message::exitContainer()
     return *this;
 }
 
-Message& Message::enterDictEntry(const std::string& signature)
+Message& Message::enterDictEntry(const char* signature)
 {
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_enter_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, signature.c_str());
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_enter_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_DICT_ENTRY, signature);
     if (r == 0)
         ok_ = false;
 
@@ -487,9 +546,9 @@ Message& Message::exitDictEntry()
     return *this;
 }
 
-Message& Message::enterVariant(const std::string& signature)
+Message& Message::enterVariant(const char* signature)
 {
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_enter_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, signature.c_str());
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_enter_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_VARIANT, signature);
     if (r == 0)
         ok_ = false;
 
@@ -506,9 +565,9 @@ Message& Message::exitVariant()
     return *this;
 }
 
-Message& Message::enterStruct(const std::string& signature)
+Message& Message::enterStruct(const char* signature)
 {
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_enter_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT, signature.c_str());
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_enter_container((sd_bus_message*)msg_, SD_BUS_TYPE_STRUCT, signature);
     if (r == 0)
         ok_ = false;
 
@@ -556,34 +615,179 @@ void Message::rewind(bool complete)
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to rewind the message", -r);
 }
 
-std::string Message::getInterfaceName() const
+const char* Message::getInterfaceName() const
 {
     return sd_bus_message_get_interface((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 }
 
-std::string Message::getMemberName() const
+const char* Message::getMemberName() const
 {
     return sd_bus_message_get_member((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 }
 
-void Message::peekType(std::string& type, std::string& contents) const
+const char* Message::getSender() const
 {
-    char typeSig;
-    const char* contentsSig;
-    auto r = sd_bus_message_peek_type((sd_bus_message*)msg_, &typeSig, &contentsSig);
+    return sd_bus_message_get_sender((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+}
+
+const char* Message::getPath() const
+{
+    return sd_bus_message_get_path((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+}
+
+const char* Message::getDestination() const
+{
+    return sd_bus_message_get_destination((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+}
+
+uint64_t Message::getCookie() const
+{
+    uint64_t cookie;
+    auto r =  sd_bus_message_get_cookie((sd_bus_message*)msg_, &cookie);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get cookie", -r);
+    return cookie;
+}
+
+std::pair<char, const char*> Message::peekType() const
+{
+    char typeSignature{};
+    const char* contentsSignature{};
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_peek_type((sd_bus_message*)msg_, &typeSignature, &contentsSignature);
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to peek message type", -r);
-    type = typeSig;
-    contents = contentsSig;
+    return {typeSignature, contentsSignature};
 }
 
 bool Message::isValid() const
 {
-    return msg_ != nullptr && sdbus_ != nullptr;
+    return msg_ != nullptr && connection_ != nullptr;
 }
 
 bool Message::isEmpty() const
 {
-    return sd_bus_message_is_empty((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+    return sd_bus_message_is_empty((sd_bus_message*)msg_) != 0;
+}
+
+bool Message::isAtEnd(bool complete) const
+{
+    return sd_bus_message_at_end((sd_bus_message*)msg_, complete) > 0;
+}
+
+// TODO: Create a RAII ownership class for creds with copy&move semantics, doing ref()/unref() under the hood.
+//   Create a method Message::querySenderCreds() that will return an object of this class by value, through IConnection and SdBus mutex.
+//   The class will expose methods like getPid(), getUid(), etc. that will directly call sd_bus_creds_* functions, no need for mutex here.
+pid_t Message::getCredsPid() const
+{
+    uint64_t mask = SD_BUS_CREDS_PID | SD_BUS_CREDS_AUGMENT;
+    sd_bus_creds *creds = nullptr;
+    SCOPE_EXIT{ connection_->decrementCredsRefCount(creds); };
+
+    int r = connection_->querySenderCredentials((sd_bus_message*)msg_, mask, &creds);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus creds", -r);
+
+    pid_t pid = 0;
+    r = sd_bus_creds_get_pid(creds, &pid);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus cred pid", -r);
+    return pid;
+}
+
+uid_t Message::getCredsUid() const
+{
+    uint64_t mask = SD_BUS_CREDS_UID | SD_BUS_CREDS_AUGMENT;
+    sd_bus_creds *creds = nullptr;
+    SCOPE_EXIT{ connection_->decrementCredsRefCount(creds); };
+    int r = connection_->querySenderCredentials((sd_bus_message*)msg_, mask, &creds);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus creds", -r);
+
+    uid_t uid = (uid_t)-1;
+    r = sd_bus_creds_get_uid(creds, &uid);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus cred uid", -r);
+    return uid;
+}
+
+uid_t Message::getCredsEuid() const
+{
+    uint64_t mask = SD_BUS_CREDS_EUID | SD_BUS_CREDS_AUGMENT;
+    sd_bus_creds *creds = nullptr;
+    SCOPE_EXIT{ connection_->decrementCredsRefCount(creds); };
+    int r = connection_->querySenderCredentials((sd_bus_message*)msg_, mask, &creds);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus creds", -r);
+
+    uid_t euid = (uid_t)-1;
+    r = sd_bus_creds_get_euid(creds, &euid);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus cred euid", -r);
+    return euid;
+}
+
+gid_t Message::getCredsGid() const
+{
+    uint64_t mask = SD_BUS_CREDS_GID | SD_BUS_CREDS_AUGMENT;
+    sd_bus_creds *creds = nullptr;
+    SCOPE_EXIT{ connection_->decrementCredsRefCount(creds); };
+    int r = connection_->querySenderCredentials((sd_bus_message*)msg_, mask, &creds);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus creds", -r);
+
+    gid_t gid = (gid_t)-1;
+    r = sd_bus_creds_get_gid(creds, &gid);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus cred gid", -r);
+    return gid;
+}
+
+gid_t Message::getCredsEgid() const
+{
+    uint64_t mask = SD_BUS_CREDS_EGID | SD_BUS_CREDS_AUGMENT;
+    sd_bus_creds *creds = nullptr;
+    SCOPE_EXIT{ connection_->decrementCredsRefCount(creds); };
+    int r = connection_->querySenderCredentials((sd_bus_message*)msg_, mask, &creds);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus creds", -r);
+
+    gid_t egid = (gid_t)-1;
+    r = sd_bus_creds_get_egid(creds, &egid);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus cred egid", -r);
+    return egid;
+}
+
+std::vector<gid_t> Message::getCredsSupplementaryGids() const
+{
+    uint64_t mask = SD_BUS_CREDS_SUPPLEMENTARY_GIDS | SD_BUS_CREDS_AUGMENT;
+    sd_bus_creds *creds = nullptr;
+    SCOPE_EXIT{ connection_->decrementCredsRefCount(creds); };
+    int r = connection_->querySenderCredentials((sd_bus_message*)msg_, mask, &creds);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus creds", -r);
+
+    const gid_t *cGids = nullptr;
+    r = sd_bus_creds_get_supplementary_gids(creds, &cGids);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus cred supplementary gids", -r);
+
+    std::vector<gid_t> gids{};
+    if (cGids != nullptr)
+    {
+        for (int i = 0; i < r; i++)
+            gids.push_back(cGids[i]);
+    }
+
+    return gids;
+}
+
+std::string Message::getSELinuxContext() const
+{
+    uint64_t mask = SD_BUS_CREDS_AUGMENT | SD_BUS_CREDS_SELINUX_CONTEXT;
+    sd_bus_creds *creds = nullptr;
+    SCOPE_EXIT{ connection_->decrementCredsRefCount(creds); };
+    int r = connection_->querySenderCredentials((sd_bus_message*)msg_, mask, &creds);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus creds", -r);
+
+    const char *cLabel = nullptr;
+    r = sd_bus_creds_get_selinux_context(creds, &cLabel);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get bus cred selinux context", -r);
+    return cLabel;
+}
+
+
+MethodCall::MethodCall( void *msg
+                      , internal::IConnection *connection
+                      , adopt_message_t) noexcept
+   : Message(msg, connection, adopt_message)
+{
 }
 
 void MethodCall::dontExpectReply()
@@ -596,109 +800,134 @@ bool MethodCall::doesntExpectReply() const
 {
     auto r = sd_bus_message_get_expect_reply((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get the dont-expect-reply flag", -r);
-    return r > 0 ? false : true;
+    return r == 0;
 }
 
-MethodReply MethodCall::send() const
+MethodReply MethodCall::send(uint64_t timeout) const
 {
     if (!doesntExpectReply())
-        return sendWithReply();
+        return sendWithReply(timeout);
     else
         return sendWithNoReply();
 }
 
-MethodReply MethodCall::sendWithReply() const
+MethodReply MethodCall::sendWithReply(uint64_t timeout) const
 {
-    sd_bus_error sdbusError = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
-    SCOPE_EXIT{ sd_bus_error_free(&sdbusError); };
+    auto* sdbusReply = connection_->callMethod((sd_bus_message*)msg_, timeout);
 
-    sd_bus_message* sdbusReply{};
-    auto r = sdbus_->sd_bus_call(nullptr, (sd_bus_message*)msg_, 0, &sdbusError, &sdbusReply);
-
-    if (sd_bus_error_is_set(&sdbusError))
-        throw sdbus::Error(sdbusError.name, sdbusError.message);
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to call method", -r);
-
-    return MethodReply{sdbusReply, sdbus_, adopt_message};
+    return Factory::create<MethodReply>(sdbusReply, connection_, adopt_message);
 }
 
 MethodReply MethodCall::sendWithNoReply() const
 {
-    auto r = sdbus_->sd_bus_send(nullptr, (sd_bus_message*)msg_, nullptr);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to call method with no reply", -r);
+    connection_->sendMessage((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 
-    return MethodReply{}; // No reply
+    return Factory::create<MethodReply>(); // No reply
+}
+
+Slot MethodCall::send(void* callback, void* userData, uint64_t timeout, return_slot_t) const
+{
+    return connection_->callMethodAsync((sd_bus_message*)msg_, (sd_bus_message_handler_t)callback, userData, timeout, return_slot);
 }
 
 MethodReply MethodCall::createReply() const
 {
-    sd_bus_message* sdbusReply{};
-    auto r = sdbus_->sd_bus_message_new_method_return((sd_bus_message*)msg_, &sdbusReply);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to create method reply", -r);
+    auto* sdbusReply = connection_->createMethodReply((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 
-    return MethodReply{sdbusReply, sdbus_, adopt_message};
+    return Factory::create<MethodReply>(sdbusReply, connection_, adopt_message);
 }
 
 MethodReply MethodCall::createErrorReply(const Error& error) const
 {
-    sd_bus_error sdbusError = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
-    SCOPE_EXIT{ sd_bus_error_free(&sdbusError); };
-    sd_bus_error_set(&sdbusError, error.getName().c_str(), error.getMessage().c_str());
+    sd_bus_message* sdbusErrorReply = connection_->createErrorReplyMessage((sd_bus_message*)msg_, error);
 
-    sd_bus_message* sdbusErrorReply{};
-    auto r = sdbus_->sd_bus_message_new_method_error((sd_bus_message*)msg_, &sdbusErrorReply, &sdbusError);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to create method error reply", -r);
-
-    return MethodReply{sdbusErrorReply, sdbus_, adopt_message};
-}
-
-AsyncMethodCall::AsyncMethodCall(MethodCall&& call) noexcept
-    : Message(std::move(call))
-{
-}
-
-void AsyncMethodCall::send(void* callback, void* userData) const
-{
-    auto r = sdbus_->sd_bus_call_async(nullptr, nullptr, (sd_bus_message*)msg_, (sd_bus_message_handler_t)callback, userData, 0);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to call method asynchronously", -r);
+    return Factory::create<MethodReply>(sdbusErrorReply, connection_, adopt_message);
 }
 
 void MethodReply::send() const
 {
-    auto r = sdbus_->sd_bus_send(nullptr, (sd_bus_message*)msg_, nullptr);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to send reply", -r);
+    connection_->sendMessage((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
+}
+
+uint64_t MethodReply::getReplyCookie() const
+{
+    uint64_t cookie;
+    auto r =  sd_bus_message_get_reply_cookie((sd_bus_message*)msg_, &cookie);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get cookie", -r);
+    return cookie;
 }
 
 void Signal::send() const
 {
-    auto r = sdbus_->sd_bus_send(nullptr, (sd_bus_message*)msg_, nullptr);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to emit signal", -r);
+    connection_->sendMessage((sd_bus_message*)msg_);
 }
 
-Message createPlainMessage()
+void Signal::setDestination(const std::string& destination)
 {
-    int r;
+    return setDestination(destination.c_str());
+}
 
-    sd_bus* bus{};
-    SCOPE_EXIT{ sd_bus_unref(bus); };
-    r = sd_bus_default_system(&bus);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to get default system bus", -r);
+void Signal::setDestination(const char* destination)
+{
+    auto r = sd_bus_message_set_destination((sd_bus_message*)msg_, destination);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to set signal destination", -r);
+}
 
-    thread_local struct BusReferenceKeeper
+namespace {
+
+// Pseudo-connection lifetime handling. In standard cases, we could do with simply function-local static pseudo
+// connection instance below. However, it may happen that client's sdbus-c++ objects outlive this static connection
+// instance (because they are used in global application objects that were created before this connection, and thus
+// are destroyed later). This by itself sounds like a smell in client's application design, but it is downright bad
+// in sdbus-c++ because it has no control over when client's dependent statics get destroyed. A "Phoenix" pattern
+// (see Modern C++ Design - Generic Programming and Design Patterns Applied, by Andrei Alexandrescu) is applied to fix
+// this by re-creating the connection again in such cases and keeping it alive until the next exit handler is invoked.
+// Please note that the solution is NOT thread-safe.
+// Another common solution is global sdbus-c++ startup/shutdown functions, but that would be an intrusive change.
+
+#ifdef __cpp_constinit
+constinit static bool pseudoConnectionDestroyed{};
+#else
+static bool pseudoConnectionDestroyed{};
+#endif
+
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection, void(*)(sdbus::internal::IConnection*)> createPseudoConnection()
+{
+    auto deleter = [](sdbus::internal::IConnection* con)
     {
-        BusReferenceKeeper(sd_bus* bus) : bus_(bus) {}
-        ~BusReferenceKeeper() { sd_bus_unref(bus_); }
-        sd_bus* bus_{};
-    } busReferenceKeeper{bus};
+        delete con;
+        pseudoConnectionDestroyed = true;
+    };
 
-    sd_bus_message* sdbusMsg{};
-    r = sd_bus_message_new(bus, &sdbusMsg, _SD_BUS_MESSAGE_TYPE_INVALID);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "Failed to create a new message", -r);
+    return {internal::createPseudoConnection().release(), std::move(deleter)};
+}
 
-    thread_local internal::SdBus sdbus;
+sdbus::internal::IConnection& getPseudoConnectionInstance()
+{
+    static auto connection = createPseudoConnection();
 
-    return Message{sdbusMsg, &sdbus, adopt_message};
+    if (pseudoConnectionDestroyed)
+    {
+        connection = createPseudoConnection(); // Phoenix rising from the ashes
+        atexit([](){ connection.~unique_ptr(); }); // We have to manually take care of deleting the phoenix
+        pseudoConnectionDestroyed = false;
+    }
+
+    assert(connection != nullptr);
+
+    return *connection;
+}
+
+}
+
+PlainMessage createPlainMessage()
+{
+    // Let's create a pseudo connection -- one that does not really connect to the real bus.
+    // This is a bit of a hack, but it enables use to work with D-Bus message locally without
+    // the need of D-Bus daemon. This is especially useful in unit tests of both sdbus-c++ and client code.
+    // Additionally, it's light-weight and fast solution.
+    const auto& connection = getPseudoConnectionInstance();
+    return connection.createPlainMessage();
 }
 
 }

src/MessageUtils.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file MessageUtils.h
  *
@@ -30,7 +31,33 @@
 
 namespace sdbus
 {
-    Message createPlainMessage();
+    class Message::Factory
+    {
+    public:
+        template<typename _Msg>
+        static _Msg create()
+        {
+            return _Msg{};
+        }
+
+        template<typename _Msg>
+        static _Msg create(void *msg)
+        {
+            return _Msg{msg};
+        }
+
+        template<typename _Msg>
+        static _Msg create(void *msg, internal::IConnection* connection)
+        {
+            return _Msg{msg, connection};
+        }
+
+        template<typename _Msg>
+        static _Msg create(void *msg, internal::IConnection* connection, adopt_message_t)
+        {
+            return _Msg{msg, connection, adopt_message};
+        }
+    };
 }
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_MESSAGEUTILS_H_ */

src/Object.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Object.cpp
  *
@@ -24,305 +25,375 @@
  */
 
 #include "Object.h"
-#include <sdbus-c++/IConnection.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/MethodResult.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Flags.h>
+
+#include "sdbus-c++/Error.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/Flags.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/IConnection.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/Message.h"
+
 #include "IConnection.h"
+#include "MessageUtils.h"
+#include "ScopeGuard.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
 #include "VTableUtils.h"
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
-#include <utility>
+
 #include <cassert>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
+#include <utility>
 
-namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
+namespace sdbus::internal {
 
-Object::Object(sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection, std::string objectPath)
+Object::Object(sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection, ObjectPath objectPath)
     : connection_(connection), objectPath_(std::move(objectPath))
 {
+    SDBUS_CHECK_OBJECT_PATH(objectPath_.c_str());
 }
 
-void Object::registerMethod( const std::string& interfaceName
-                           , const std::string& methodName
-                           , const std::string& inputSignature
-                           , const std::string& outputSignature
-                           , method_callback methodCallback
-                           , Flags flags )
+void Object::addVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable)
 {
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!methodCallback, "Invalid method callback provided", EINVAL);
+    auto slot = Object::addVTable(std::move(interfaceName), std::move(vtable), return_slot);
 
-    auto syncCallback = [callback = std::move(methodCallback)](MethodCall& msg)
-    {
-        auto reply = msg.createReply();
-        callback(msg, reply);
-        reply.send();
-    };
-
-    auto& interface = interfaces_[interfaceName];
-    InterfaceData::MethodData methodData{inputSignature, outputSignature, std::move(syncCallback), flags};
-    auto inserted = interface.methods_.emplace(methodName, std::move(methodData)).second;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!inserted, "Failed to register method: method already exists", EINVAL);
+    vtables_.push_back(std::move(slot));
 }
 
-void Object::registerMethod( const std::string& interfaceName
-                           , const std::string& methodName
-                           , const std::string& inputSignature
-                           , const std::string& outputSignature
-                           , async_method_callback asyncMethodCallback
-                           , Flags flags )
+Slot Object::addVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable, return_slot_t)
 {
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!asyncMethodCallback, "Invalid method callback provided", EINVAL);
+    SDBUS_CHECK_INTERFACE_NAME(interfaceName.c_str());
 
-    auto asyncCallback = [callback = std::move(asyncMethodCallback)](MethodCall& msg)
-    {
-        MethodResult result{msg};
-        callback(std::move(msg), std::move(result));
-    };
+    // 1st pass -- create vtable structure for internal sdbus-c++ purposes
+    auto internalVTable = std::make_unique<VTable>(createInternalVTable(std::move(interfaceName), std::move(vtable)));
 
-    auto& interface = interfaces_[interfaceName];
-    InterfaceData::MethodData methodData{inputSignature, outputSignature, std::move(asyncCallback), flags};
-    auto inserted = interface.methods_.emplace(methodName, std::move(methodData)).second;
+    // 2nd pass -- from internal sdbus-c++ vtable, create vtable structure in format expected by underlying sd-bus library
+    internalVTable->sdbusVTable = createInternalSdBusVTable(*internalVTable);
 
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!inserted, "Failed to register method: method already exists", EINVAL);
+    // 3rd step -- register the vtable with sd-bus
+    internalVTable->slot = connection_.addObjectVTable( objectPath_
+                                                      , internalVTable->interfaceName
+                                                      , &internalVTable->sdbusVTable[0]
+                                                      , internalVTable.get()
+                                                      , return_slot );
+
+    // Return vtable wrapped in a Slot object
+    return {internalVTable.release(), [](void *ptr){ delete static_cast<VTable*>(ptr); }};
 }
 
-void Object::registerSignal( const std::string& interfaceName
-                           , const std::string& signalName
-                           , const std::string& signature
-                           , Flags flags )
+void Object::unregister()
 {
-    auto& interface = interfaces_[interfaceName];
-
-    InterfaceData::SignalData signalData{signature, flags};
-    auto inserted = interface.signals_.emplace(signalName, std::move(signalData)).second;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!inserted, "Failed to register signal: signal already exists", EINVAL);
+    vtables_.clear();
+    objectManagerSlot_.reset();
 }
 
-void Object::registerProperty( const std::string& interfaceName
-                             , const std::string& propertyName
-                             , const std::string& signature
-                             , property_get_callback getCallback
-                             , Flags flags )
-{
-    registerProperty( interfaceName
-                    , propertyName
-                    , signature
-                    , getCallback
-                    , property_set_callback{}
-                    , flags );
-}
-
-void Object::registerProperty( const std::string& interfaceName
-                             , const std::string& propertyName
-                             , const std::string& signature
-                             , property_get_callback getCallback
-                             , property_set_callback setCallback
-                             , Flags flags )
-{
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!getCallback && !setCallback, "Invalid property callbacks provided", EINVAL);
-
-    auto& interface = interfaces_[interfaceName];
-
-    InterfaceData::PropertyData propertyData{signature, std::move(getCallback), std::move(setCallback), flags};
-    auto inserted = interface.properties_.emplace(propertyName, std::move(propertyData)).second;
-
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!inserted, "Failed to register property: property already exists", EINVAL);
-}
-
-void Object::setInterfaceFlags(const std::string& interfaceName, Flags flags)
-{
-    auto& interface = interfaces_[interfaceName];
-    interface.flags_ = flags;
-}
-
-void Object::finishRegistration()
-{
-    for (auto& item : interfaces_)
-    {
-        const auto& interfaceName = item.first;
-        auto& interfaceData = item.second;
-
-        const auto& vtable = createInterfaceVTable(interfaceData);
-        activateInterfaceVTable(interfaceName, interfaceData, vtable);
-    }
-}
-
-sdbus::Signal Object::createSignal(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& signalName)
+Signal Object::createSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const SignalName& signalName) const
 {
     return connection_.createSignal(objectPath_, interfaceName, signalName);
 }
 
+Signal Object::createSignal(const char* interfaceName, const char* signalName) const
+{
+    return connection_.createSignal(objectPath_.c_str(), interfaceName, signalName);
+}
+
 void Object::emitSignal(const sdbus::Signal& message)
 {
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!message.isValid(), "Invalid signal message provided", EINVAL);
+
     message.send();
 }
 
-const std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& Object::createInterfaceVTable(InterfaceData& interfaceData)
+void Object::emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames)
 {
-    auto& vtable = interfaceData.vtable_;
-    assert(vtable.empty());
-
-    vtable.push_back(createVTableStartItem(interfaceData.flags_.toSdBusInterfaceFlags()));
-    registerMethodsToVTable(interfaceData, vtable);
-    registerSignalsToVTable(interfaceData, vtable);
-    registerPropertiesToVTable(interfaceData, vtable);
-    vtable.push_back(createVTableEndItem());
-
-    return vtable;
+    connection_.emitPropertiesChangedSignal(objectPath_, interfaceName, propNames);
 }
 
-void Object::registerMethodsToVTable(const InterfaceData& interfaceData, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable)
+void Object::emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const char* interfaceName, const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames)
 {
-    for (const auto& item : interfaceData.methods_)
+    connection_.emitPropertiesChangedSignal(objectPath_.c_str(), interfaceName, propNames);
+}
+
+void Object::emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName)
+{
+    Object::emitPropertiesChangedSignal(interfaceName, {});
+}
+
+void Object::emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const char* interfaceName)
+{
+    Object::emitPropertiesChangedSignal(interfaceName, {});
+}
+
+void Object::emitInterfacesAddedSignal()
+{
+    connection_.emitInterfacesAddedSignal(objectPath_);
+}
+
+void Object::emitInterfacesAddedSignal(const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces)
+{
+    connection_.emitInterfacesAddedSignal(objectPath_, interfaces);
+}
+
+void Object::emitInterfacesRemovedSignal()
+{
+    connection_.emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(objectPath_);
+}
+
+void Object::emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces)
+{
+    connection_.emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(objectPath_, interfaces);
+}
+
+void Object::addObjectManager()
+{
+    objectManagerSlot_ = connection_.addObjectManager(objectPath_, return_slot);
+}
+
+Slot Object::addObjectManager(return_slot_t)
+{
+    return connection_.addObjectManager(objectPath_, return_slot);
+}
+
+sdbus::IConnection& Object::getConnection() const
+{
+    return connection_;
+}
+
+const ObjectPath& Object::getObjectPath() const
+{
+    return objectPath_;
+}
+
+Message Object::getCurrentlyProcessedMessage() const
+{
+    return connection_.getCurrentlyProcessedMessage();
+}
+
+Object::VTable Object::createInternalVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable)
+{
+    VTable internalVTable;
+
+    internalVTable.interfaceName = std::move(interfaceName);
+
+    for (auto& vtableItem : vtable)
     {
-        const auto& methodName = item.first;
-        const auto& methodData = item.second;
-
-        vtable.push_back(createVTableMethodItem( methodName.c_str()
-                                               , methodData.inputArgs_.c_str()
-                                               , methodData.outputArgs_.c_str()
-                                               , &Object::sdbus_method_callback
-                                               , methodData.flags_.toSdBusMethodFlags() ));
+        std::visit( overload{ [&](InterfaceFlagsVTableItem&& interfaceFlags){ writeInterfaceFlagsToVTable(std::move(interfaceFlags), internalVTable); }
+                            , [&](MethodVTableItem&& method){ writeMethodRecordToVTable(std::move(method), internalVTable); }
+                            , [&](SignalVTableItem&& signal){ writeSignalRecordToVTable(std::move(signal), internalVTable); }
+                            , [&](PropertyVTableItem&& property){ writePropertyRecordToVTable(std::move(property), internalVTable); } }
+                  , std::move(vtableItem) );
     }
+
+    // Sort arrays so we can do fast searching for an item in sd-bus callback handlers
+    std::sort(internalVTable.methods.begin(), internalVTable.methods.end(), [](const auto& a, const auto& b){ return a.name < b.name; });
+    std::sort(internalVTable.signals.begin(), internalVTable.signals.end(), [](const auto& a, const auto& b){ return a.name < b.name; });
+    std::sort(internalVTable.properties.begin(), internalVTable.properties.end(), [](const auto& a, const auto& b){ return a.name < b.name; });
+
+    internalVTable.object = this;
+
+    return internalVTable;
 }
 
-void Object::registerSignalsToVTable(const InterfaceData& interfaceData, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable)
+void Object::writeInterfaceFlagsToVTable(InterfaceFlagsVTableItem flags, VTable& vtable)
 {
-    for (const auto& item : interfaceData.signals_)
+    vtable.interfaceFlags = std::move(flags.flags);
+}
+
+void Object::writeMethodRecordToVTable(MethodVTableItem method, VTable& vtable)
+{
+    SDBUS_CHECK_MEMBER_NAME(method.name.c_str());
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!method.callbackHandler, "Invalid method callback provided", EINVAL);
+
+    vtable.methods.push_back({ std::move(method.name)
+                             , std::move(method.inputSignature)
+                             , std::move(method.outputSignature)
+                             , paramNamesToString(method.inputParamNames) + paramNamesToString(method.outputParamNames)
+                             , std::move(method.callbackHandler)
+                             , std::move(method.flags) });
+}
+
+void Object::writeSignalRecordToVTable(SignalVTableItem signal, VTable& vtable)
+{
+    SDBUS_CHECK_MEMBER_NAME(signal.name.c_str());
+
+    vtable.signals.push_back({ std::move(signal.name)
+                             , std::move(signal.signature)
+                             , paramNamesToString(signal.paramNames)
+                             , std::move(signal.flags) });
+}
+
+void Object::writePropertyRecordToVTable(PropertyVTableItem property, VTable& vtable)
+{
+    SDBUS_CHECK_MEMBER_NAME(property.name.c_str());
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!property.getter && !property.setter, "Invalid property callbacks provided", EINVAL);
+
+    vtable.properties.push_back({ std::move(property.name)
+                                , std::move(property.signature)
+                                , std::move(property.getter)
+                                , std::move(property.setter)
+                                , std::move(property.flags) });
+}
+
+std::vector<sd_bus_vtable> Object::createInternalSdBusVTable(const VTable& vtable)
+{
+    std::vector<sd_bus_vtable> sdbusVTable;
+
+    startSdBusVTable(vtable.interfaceFlags, sdbusVTable);
+    for (const auto& methodItem : vtable.methods)
+        writeMethodRecordToSdBusVTable(methodItem, sdbusVTable);
+    for (const auto& signalItem : vtable.signals)
+        writeSignalRecordToSdBusVTable(signalItem, sdbusVTable);
+    for (const auto& propertyItem : vtable.properties)
+        writePropertyRecordToSdBusVTable(propertyItem, sdbusVTable);
+    finalizeSdBusVTable(sdbusVTable);
+
+    return sdbusVTable;
+}
+
+void Object::startSdBusVTable(const Flags& interfaceFlags, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable)
+{
+    auto vtableItem = createSdBusVTableStartItem(interfaceFlags.toSdBusInterfaceFlags());
+    vtable.push_back(std::move(vtableItem));
+}
+
+void Object::writeMethodRecordToSdBusVTable(const VTable::MethodItem& method, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable)
+{
+    auto vtableItem = createSdBusVTableMethodItem( method.name.c_str()
+                                                 , method.inputSignature.c_str()
+                                                 , method.outputSignature.c_str()
+                                                 , method.paramNames.c_str()
+                                                 , &Object::sdbus_method_callback
+                                                 , method.flags.toSdBusMethodFlags() );
+    vtable.push_back(std::move(vtableItem));
+}
+
+void Object::writeSignalRecordToSdBusVTable(const VTable::SignalItem& signal, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable)
+{
+    auto vtableItem = createSdBusVTableSignalItem( signal.name.c_str()
+                                                 , signal.signature.c_str()
+                                                 , signal.paramNames.c_str()
+                                                 , signal.flags.toSdBusSignalFlags() );
+    vtable.push_back(std::move(vtableItem));
+}
+
+void Object::writePropertyRecordToSdBusVTable(const VTable::PropertyItem& property, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable)
+{
+    auto vtableItem = !property.setCallback
+                    ? createSdBusVTableReadOnlyPropertyItem( property.name.c_str()
+                                                           , property.signature.c_str()
+                                                           , &Object::sdbus_property_get_callback
+                                                           , property.flags.toSdBusPropertyFlags() )
+                    : createSdBusVTableWritablePropertyItem( property.name.c_str()
+                                                           , property.signature.c_str()
+                                                           , &Object::sdbus_property_get_callback
+                                                           , &Object::sdbus_property_set_callback
+                                                           , property.flags.toSdBusWritablePropertyFlags() );
+    vtable.push_back(std::move(vtableItem));
+}
+
+void Object::finalizeSdBusVTable(std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable)
+{
+    vtable.push_back(createSdBusVTableEndItem());
+}
+
+const Object::VTable::MethodItem* Object::findMethod(const VTable& vtable, std::string_view methodName)
+{
+    auto it = std::lower_bound(vtable.methods.begin(), vtable.methods.end(), methodName, [](const auto& methodItem, const auto& methodName)
     {
-        const auto& signalName = item.first;
-        const auto& signalData = item.second;
+        return methodItem.name < methodName;
+    });
 
-        vtable.push_back(createVTableSignalItem( signalName.c_str()
-                                               , signalData.signature_.c_str()
-                                               , signalData.flags_.toSdBusSignalFlags() ));
-    }
+    return it != vtable.methods.end() && it->name == methodName ? &*it : nullptr;
 }
 
-void Object::registerPropertiesToVTable(const InterfaceData& interfaceData, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable)
+const Object::VTable::PropertyItem* Object::findProperty(const VTable& vtable, std::string_view propertyName)
 {
-    for (const auto& item : interfaceData.properties_)
+    auto it = std::lower_bound(vtable.properties.begin(), vtable.properties.end(), propertyName, [](const auto& propertyItem, const auto& propertyName)
     {
-        const auto& propertyName = item.first;
-        const auto& propertyData = item.second;
+        return propertyItem.name < propertyName;
+    });
 
-        if (!propertyData.setCallback_)
-            vtable.push_back(createVTablePropertyItem( propertyName.c_str()
-                                                     , propertyData.signature_.c_str()
-                                                     , &Object::sdbus_property_get_callback
-                                                     , propertyData.flags_.toSdBusPropertyFlags() ));
-        else
-            vtable.push_back(createVTableWritablePropertyItem( propertyName.c_str()
-                                                             , propertyData.signature_.c_str()
-                                                             , &Object::sdbus_property_get_callback
-                                                             , &Object::sdbus_property_set_callback
-                                                             , propertyData.flags_.toSdBusWritablePropertyFlags() ));
-    }
+    return it != vtable.properties.end() && it->name == propertyName ? &*it : nullptr;
 }
 
-void Object::activateInterfaceVTable( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                    , InterfaceData& interfaceData
-                                    , const std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable )
+std::string Object::paramNamesToString(const std::vector<std::string>& paramNames)
 {
-    // Tell, don't ask
-    auto slot = connection_.addObjectVTable(objectPath_, interfaceName, &vtable[0], this);
-    interfaceData.slot_.reset(slot);
-    interfaceData.slot_.get_deleter() = [this](sd_bus_slot *slot){ connection_.removeObjectVTable(slot); };
+    std::string names;
+    for (const auto& name : paramNames)
+        names += name + '\0';
+    return names;
 }
 
 int Object::sdbus_method_callback(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError)
 {
-    auto* object = static_cast<Object*>(userData);
-    assert(object != nullptr);
+    auto* vtable = static_cast<VTable*>(userData);
+    assert(vtable != nullptr);
+    assert(vtable->object != nullptr);
 
-    MethodCall message{sdbusMessage, &object->connection_.getSdBusInterface()};
+    auto message = Message::Factory::create<MethodCall>(sdbusMessage, &vtable->object->connection_);
 
-    // Note: The lookup can be optimized by using sorted vectors instead of associative containers
-    auto& callback = object->interfaces_[message.getInterfaceName()].methods_[message.getMemberName()].callback_;
-    assert(callback);
+    const auto* methodItem = findMethod(*vtable, message.getMemberName());
+    assert(methodItem != nullptr);
+    assert(methodItem->callback);
 
-    try
-    {
-        callback(message);
-    }
-    catch (const sdbus::Error& e)
-    {
-        sd_bus_error_set(retError, e.getName().c_str(), e.getMessage().c_str());
-    }
+    auto ok = invokeHandlerAndCatchErrors([&](){ methodItem->callback(std::move(message)); }, retError);
 
-    return 1;
+    return ok ? 1 : -1;
 }
 
 int Object::sdbus_property_get_callback( sd_bus */*bus*/
                                        , const char */*objectPath*/
-                                       , const char *interface
+                                       , const char */*interface*/
                                        , const char *property
                                        , sd_bus_message *sdbusReply
                                        , void *userData
                                        , sd_bus_error *retError )
 {
-    auto* object = static_cast<Object*>(userData);
-    assert(object != nullptr);
+    auto* vtable = static_cast<VTable*>(userData);
+    assert(vtable != nullptr);
+    assert(vtable->object != nullptr);
 
-    // Note: The lookup can be optimized by using sorted vectors instead of associative containers
-    auto& callback = object->interfaces_[interface].properties_[property].getCallback_;
-    // Getter can be empty - the case of "write-only" property
-    if (!callback)
+    const auto* propertyItem = findProperty(*vtable, property);
+    assert(propertyItem != nullptr);
+
+    // Getter may be empty - the case of "write-only" property
+    if (!propertyItem->getCallback)
     {
         sd_bus_error_set(retError, "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Failed", "Cannot read property as it is write-only");
         return 1;
     }
 
-    Message reply{sdbusReply, &object->connection_.getSdBusInterface()};
+    auto reply = Message::Factory::create<PropertyGetReply>(sdbusReply, &vtable->object->connection_);
 
-    try
-    {
-        callback(reply);
-    }
-    catch (const sdbus::Error& e)
-    {
-        sd_bus_error_set(retError, e.getName().c_str(), e.getMessage().c_str());
-    }
+    auto ok = invokeHandlerAndCatchErrors([&](){ propertyItem->getCallback(reply); }, retError);
 
-    return 1;
+    return ok ? 1 : -1;
 }
 
 int Object::sdbus_property_set_callback( sd_bus */*bus*/
                                        , const char */*objectPath*/
-                                       , const char *interface
+                                       , const char */*interface*/
                                        , const char *property
                                        , sd_bus_message *sdbusValue
                                        , void *userData
                                        , sd_bus_error *retError )
 {
-    auto* object = static_cast<Object*>(userData);
-    assert(object != nullptr);
+    auto* vtable = static_cast<VTable*>(userData);
+    assert(vtable != nullptr);
+    assert(vtable->object != nullptr);
 
-    // Note: The lookup can be optimized by using sorted vectors instead of associative containers
-    auto& callback = object->interfaces_[interface].properties_[property].setCallback_;
-    assert(callback);
+    const auto* propertyItem = findProperty(*vtable, property);
+    assert(propertyItem != nullptr);
+    assert(propertyItem->setCallback);
 
-    Message value{sdbusValue, &object->connection_.getSdBusInterface()};
+    auto value = Message::Factory::create<PropertySetCall>(sdbusValue, &vtable->object->connection_);
 
-    try
-    {
-        callback(value);
-    }
-    catch (const sdbus::Error& e)
-    {
-        sd_bus_error_set(retError, e.getName().c_str(), e.getMessage().c_str());
-    }
+    auto ok = invokeHandlerAndCatchErrors([&](){ propertyItem->setCallback(std::move(value)); }, retError);
 
-    return 1;
+    return ok ? 1 : -1;
 }
 
-}}
+}
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
-std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObject> createObject(sdbus::IConnection& connection, std::string objectPath)
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObject> createObject(sdbus::IConnection& connection, ObjectPath objectPath)
 {
     auto* sdbusConnection = dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(&connection);
     SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sdbusConnection, "Connection is not a real sdbus-c++ connection", EINVAL);

src/Object.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Object.h
  *
@@ -26,106 +27,121 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_OBJECT_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_OBJECT_H_
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObject.h>
-#include "IConnection.h"
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <map>
-#include <vector>
-#include <functional>
-#include <memory>
-#include <cassert>
+#include "sdbus-c++/IObject.h"
 
-namespace sdbus {
-namespace internal {
+#include "IConnection.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/Types.h"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <functional>
+#include <list>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <string_view>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace sdbus::internal {
 
     class Object
         : public IObject
     {
     public:
-        Object(sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection, std::string objectPath);
+        Object(sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection, ObjectPath objectPath);
 
-        void registerMethod( const std::string& interfaceName
-                           , const std::string& methodName
-                           , const std::string& inputSignature
-                           , const std::string& outputSignature
-                           , method_callback methodCallback
-                           , Flags flags ) override;
+        void addVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable) override;
+        Slot addVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable, return_slot_t) override;
+        void unregister() override;
 
-        void registerMethod( const std::string& interfaceName
-                           , const std::string& methodName
-                           , const std::string& inputSignature
-                           , const std::string& outputSignature
-                           , async_method_callback asyncMethodCallback
-                           , Flags flags ) override;
-
-        void registerSignal( const std::string& interfaceName
-                           , const std::string& signalName
-                           , const std::string& signature
-                           , Flags flags ) override;
-
-        void registerProperty( const std::string& interfaceName
-                             , const std::string& propertyName
-                             , const std::string& signature
-                             , property_get_callback getCallback
-                             , Flags flags ) override;
-
-        void registerProperty( const std::string& interfaceName
-                             , const std::string& propertyName
-                             , const std::string& signature
-                             , property_get_callback getCallback
-                             , property_set_callback setCallback
-                             , Flags flags ) override;
-
-        void setInterfaceFlags(const std::string& interfaceName, Flags flags) override;
-
-        void finishRegistration() override;
-
-        sdbus::Signal createSignal(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& signalName) override;
+        Signal createSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const SignalName& signalName) const override;
+        Signal createSignal(const char* interfaceName, const char* signalName) const override;
         void emitSignal(const sdbus::Signal& message) override;
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames) override;
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const char* interfaceName, const std::vector<PropertyName>& propNames) override;
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const InterfaceName& interfaceName) override;
+        void emitPropertiesChangedSignal(const char* interfaceName) override;
+        void emitInterfacesAddedSignal() override;
+        void emitInterfacesAddedSignal(const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces) override;
+        void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal() override;
+        void emitInterfacesRemovedSignal(const std::vector<InterfaceName>& interfaces) override;
+
+        void addObjectManager() override;
+        [[nodiscard]] Slot addObjectManager(return_slot_t) override;
+
+        [[nodiscard]] sdbus::IConnection& getConnection() const override;
+        [[nodiscard]] const ObjectPath& getObjectPath() const override;
+        [[nodiscard]] Message getCurrentlyProcessedMessage() const override;
 
     private:
-        using InterfaceName = std::string;
-        struct InterfaceData
+        // A vtable record comprising methods, signals, properties, flags.
+        // Once created, it cannot be modified. Only new vtables records can be added.
+        // An interface can have any number of vtables attached to it, not only one.
+        struct VTable
         {
-            using MethodName = std::string;
-            struct MethodData
-            {
-                std::string inputArgs_;
-                std::string outputArgs_;
-                std::function<void(MethodCall&)> callback_;
-                Flags flags_;
-            };
-            std::map<MethodName, MethodData> methods_;
-            using SignalName = std::string;
-            struct SignalData
-            {
-                std::string signature_;
-                Flags flags_;
-            };
-            std::map<SignalName, SignalData> signals_;
-            using PropertyName = std::string;
-            struct PropertyData
-            {
-                std::string signature_;
-                property_get_callback getCallback_;
-                property_set_callback setCallback_;
-                Flags flags_;
-            };
-            std::map<PropertyName, PropertyData> properties_;
-            std::vector<sd_bus_vtable> vtable_;
-            Flags flags_;
+            InterfaceName interfaceName;
+            Flags interfaceFlags;
 
-            std::unique_ptr<sd_bus_slot, std::function<void(sd_bus_slot*)>> slot_;
+            struct MethodItem
+            {
+                MethodName name;
+                Signature inputSignature;
+                Signature outputSignature;
+                std::string paramNames;
+                method_callback callback;
+                Flags flags;
+            };
+            // Array of method records sorted by method name
+            std::vector<MethodItem> methods;
+
+            struct SignalItem
+            {
+                SignalName name;
+                Signature signature;
+                std::string paramNames;
+                Flags flags;
+            };
+            // Array of signal records sorted by signal name
+            std::vector<SignalItem> signals;
+
+            struct PropertyItem
+            {
+                PropertyName name;
+                Signature signature;
+                property_get_callback getCallback;
+                property_set_callback setCallback;
+                Flags flags;
+            };
+            // Array of signal records sorted by signal name
+            std::vector<PropertyItem> properties;
+
+            // VTable structure in format required by sd-bus API
+            std::vector<sd_bus_vtable> sdbusVTable;
+
+            // Back-reference to the owning object from sd-bus callback handlers
+            Object* object{};
+
+            // This is intentionally the last member, because it must be destructed first,
+            // releasing callbacks above before the callbacks themselves are destructed.
+            Slot slot;
         };
 
-        static const std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& createInterfaceVTable(InterfaceData& interfaceData);
-        static void registerMethodsToVTable(const InterfaceData& interfaceData, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable);
-        static void registerSignalsToVTable(const InterfaceData& interfaceData, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable);
-        static void registerPropertiesToVTable(const InterfaceData& interfaceData, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable);
-        void activateInterfaceVTable( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                    , InterfaceData& interfaceData
-                                    , const std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable );
+        VTable createInternalVTable(InterfaceName interfaceName, std::vector<VTableItem> vtable);
+        void writeInterfaceFlagsToVTable(InterfaceFlagsVTableItem flags, VTable& vtable);
+        void writeMethodRecordToVTable(MethodVTableItem method, VTable& vtable);
+        void writeSignalRecordToVTable(SignalVTableItem signal, VTable& vtable);
+        void writePropertyRecordToVTable(PropertyVTableItem property, VTable& vtable);
+
+        std::vector<sd_bus_vtable> createInternalSdBusVTable(const VTable& vtable);
+        static void startSdBusVTable(const Flags& interfaceFlags, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable);
+        static void writeMethodRecordToSdBusVTable(const VTable::MethodItem& method, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable);
+        static void writeSignalRecordToSdBusVTable(const VTable::SignalItem& signal, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable);
+        static void writePropertyRecordToSdBusVTable(const VTable::PropertyItem& property, std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable);
+        static void finalizeSdBusVTable(std::vector<sd_bus_vtable>& vtable);
+
+        static const VTable::MethodItem* findMethod(const VTable& vtable, std::string_view methodName);
+        static const VTable::PropertyItem* findProperty(const VTable& vtable, std::string_view propertyName);
+
+        static std::string paramNamesToString(const std::vector<std::string>& paramNames);
 
         static int sdbus_method_callback(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError);
         static int sdbus_property_get_callback( sd_bus *bus
@@ -145,11 +161,11 @@ namespace internal {
 
     private:
         sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection_;
-        std::string objectPath_;
-        std::map<InterfaceName, InterfaceData> interfaces_;
+        ObjectPath objectPath_;
+        std::vector<Slot> vtables_;
+        Slot objectManagerSlot_;
     };
 
 }
-}
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_OBJECT_H_ */

src/ObjectProxy.cpp

@@ -1,205 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file ObjectProxy.cpp
- *
- * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include "ObjectProxy.h"
-#include <sdbus-c++/Message.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/IConnection.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
-#include "IConnection.h"
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <chrono>
-#include <thread>
-
-namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
-
-ObjectProxy::ObjectProxy(sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection, std::string destination, std::string objectPath)
-    : connection_(&connection, [](sdbus::internal::IConnection *){ /* Intentionally left empty */ })
-    , destination_(std::move(destination))
-    , objectPath_(std::move(objectPath))
-{
-    // The connection is not ours only, it is managed by the client and we just reference it here,
-    // so we expect the client to manage the event loop upon this connection themselves.
-}
-
-ObjectProxy::ObjectProxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>&& connection
-                        , std::string destination
-                        , std::string objectPath )
-    : connection_(std::move(connection))
-    , destination_(std::move(destination))
-    , objectPath_(std::move(objectPath))
-{
-    // The connection is ours only, so we have to manage event loop upon this connection,
-    // so we get signals, async replies, and other messages from D-Bus.
-    connection_->enterProcessingLoopAsync();
-}
-
-MethodCall ObjectProxy::createMethodCall(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& methodName)
-{
-    return connection_->createMethodCall(destination_, objectPath_, interfaceName, methodName);
-}
-
-AsyncMethodCall ObjectProxy::createAsyncMethodCall(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& methodName)
-{
-    return AsyncMethodCall{ObjectProxy::createMethodCall(interfaceName, methodName)};
-}
-
-MethodReply ObjectProxy::callMethod(const MethodCall& message)
-{
-    return message.send();
-}
-
-void ObjectProxy::callMethod(const AsyncMethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback)
-{
-    auto callback = (void*)&ObjectProxy::sdbus_async_reply_handler;
-    // Allocated userData gets deleted in the sdbus_async_reply_handler
-    auto userData = new AsyncReplyUserData{*this, std::move(asyncReplyCallback)};
-
-    message.send(callback, userData);
-}
-
-void ObjectProxy::registerSignalHandler( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                       , const std::string& signalName
-                                       , signal_handler signalHandler )
-{
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!signalHandler, "Invalid signal handler provided", EINVAL);
-
-    auto& interface = interfaces_[interfaceName];
-
-    InterfaceData::SignalData signalData{std::move(signalHandler), nullptr};
-    auto insertionResult = interface.signals_.emplace(signalName, std::move(signalData));
-
-    auto inserted = insertionResult.second;
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!inserted, "Failed to register signal handler: handler already exists", EINVAL);
-}
-
-void ObjectProxy::finishRegistration()
-{
-    registerSignalHandlers(*connection_);
-}
-
-void ObjectProxy::registerSignalHandlers(sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection)
-{
-    for (auto& interfaceItem : interfaces_)
-    {
-        const auto& interfaceName = interfaceItem.first;
-        auto& signalsOnInterface = interfaceItem.second.signals_;
-
-        for (auto& signalItem : signalsOnInterface)
-        {
-            const auto& signalName = signalItem.first;
-            auto& slot = signalItem.second.slot_;
-            auto* rawSlotPtr = connection.registerSignalHandler( objectPath_
-                                                               , interfaceName
-                                                               , signalName
-                                                               , &ObjectProxy::sdbus_signal_callback
-                                                               , this );
-            slot.reset(rawSlotPtr);
-            slot.get_deleter() = [&connection](sd_bus_slot *slot){ connection.unregisterSignalHandler(slot); };
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-int ObjectProxy::sdbus_async_reply_handler(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError)
-{
-    // We are assuming the ownership of the async reply handler pointer passed here
-    std::unique_ptr<AsyncReplyUserData> asyncReplyUserData{static_cast<AsyncReplyUserData*>(userData)};
-    assert(asyncReplyUserData != nullptr);
-    assert(asyncReplyUserData->callback);
-
-    MethodReply message{sdbusMessage, &asyncReplyUserData->proxy.connection_->getSdBusInterface()};
-
-    const auto* error = sd_bus_message_get_error(sdbusMessage);
-    if (error == nullptr)
-    {
-        asyncReplyUserData->callback(message, nullptr);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        sdbus::Error exception(error->name, error->message);
-        asyncReplyUserData->callback(message, &exception);
-    }
-}
-
-int ObjectProxy::sdbus_signal_callback(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error */*retError*/)
-{
-    auto* proxy = static_cast<ObjectProxy*>(userData);
-    assert(proxy != nullptr);
-
-    Signal message{sdbusMessage, &proxy->connection_->getSdBusInterface()};
-
-    // Note: The lookup can be optimized by using sorted vectors instead of associative containers
-    auto& callback = proxy->interfaces_[message.getInterfaceName()].signals_[message.getMemberName()].callback_;
-    assert(callback);
-
-    callback(message);
-
-    return 1;
-}
-
-}}
-
-namespace sdbus {
-
-std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObjectProxy> createObjectProxy( IConnection& connection
-                                                      , std::string destination
-                                                      , std::string objectPath )
-{
-    auto* sdbusConnection = dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(&connection);
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sdbusConnection, "Connection is not a real sdbus-c++ connection", EINVAL);
-
-    return std::make_unique<sdbus::internal::ObjectProxy>( *sdbusConnection
-                                                         , std::move(destination)
-                                                         , std::move(objectPath) );
-}
-
-std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObjectProxy> createObjectProxy( std::unique_ptr<IConnection>&& connection
-                                                      , std::string destination
-                                                      , std::string objectPath )
-{
-    auto* sdbusConnection = dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(connection.get());
-    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sdbusConnection, "Connection is not a real sdbus-c++ connection", EINVAL);
-
-    connection.release();
-
-    return std::make_unique<sdbus::internal::ObjectProxy>( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>(sdbusConnection)
-                                                         , std::move(destination)
-                                                         , std::move(objectPath) );
-}
-
-std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IObjectProxy> createObjectProxy( std::string destination
-                                                      , std::string objectPath )
-{
-    auto connection = sdbus::createConnection();
-
-    auto sdbusConnection = std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>(dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(connection.release()));
-    assert(sdbusConnection != nullptr);
-
-    return std::make_unique<sdbus::internal::ObjectProxy>( std::move(sdbusConnection)
-                                                         , std::move(destination)
-                                                         , std::move(objectPath) );
-}
-
-}

src/ObjectProxy.h

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file ObjectProxy.h
- *
- * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_OBJECTPROXY_H_
-#define SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_OBJECTPROXY_H_
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/IObjectProxy.h>
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <memory>
-#include <map>
-
-// Forward declarations
-namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
-    class IConnection;
-}}
-
-namespace sdbus {
-namespace internal {
-
-    class ObjectProxy
-        : public IObjectProxy
-    {
-    public:
-        ObjectProxy( sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection
-                   , std::string destination
-                   , std::string objectPath );
-        ObjectProxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>&& connection
-                   , std::string destination
-                   , std::string objectPath );
-
-        MethodCall createMethodCall(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& methodName) override;
-        AsyncMethodCall createAsyncMethodCall(const std::string& interfaceName, const std::string& methodName) override;
-        MethodReply callMethod(const MethodCall& message) override;
-        void callMethod(const AsyncMethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback) override;
-
-        void registerSignalHandler( const std::string& interfaceName
-                                  , const std::string& signalName
-                                  , signal_handler signalHandler ) override;
-        void finishRegistration() override;
-
-    private:
-        struct AsyncReplyUserData
-        {
-            ObjectProxy& proxy;
-            async_reply_handler callback;
-        };
-
-        void registerSignalHandlers(sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection);
-        static int sdbus_async_reply_handler(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError);
-        static int sdbus_signal_callback(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError);
-
-    private:
-        std::unique_ptr< sdbus::internal::IConnection
-                       , std::function<void(sdbus::internal::IConnection*)>
-                       > connection_;
-        std::string destination_;
-        std::string objectPath_;
-
-        using InterfaceName = std::string;
-        struct InterfaceData
-        {
-            using SignalName = std::string;
-            struct SignalData
-            {
-                signal_handler callback_;
-                std::unique_ptr<sd_bus_slot, std::function<void(sd_bus_slot*)>> slot_;
-            };
-            std::map<SignalName, SignalData> signals_;
-        };
-        std::map<InterfaceName, InterfaceData> interfaces_;
-    };
-
-}}
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_OBJECTPROXY_H_ */

src/Proxy.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,443 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file Proxy.cpp
+ *
+ * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include "Proxy.h"
+
+#include "sdbus-c++/Error.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/IConnection.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/Message.h"
+
+#include "IConnection.h"
+#include "MessageUtils.h"
+#include "ScopeGuard.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace sdbus::internal {
+
+Proxy::Proxy(sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection, ServiceName destination, ObjectPath objectPath)
+    : connection_(&connection, [](sdbus::internal::IConnection *){ /* Intentionally left empty */ })
+    , destination_(std::move(destination))
+    , objectPath_(std::move(objectPath))
+{
+    SDBUS_CHECK_SERVICE_NAME(destination_.c_str());
+    SDBUS_CHECK_OBJECT_PATH(objectPath_.c_str());
+
+    // The connection is not ours only, it is owned and managed by the user and we just reference
+    // it here, so we expect the client to manage the event loop upon this connection themselves.
+}
+
+Proxy::Proxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>&& connection
+            , ServiceName destination
+            , ObjectPath objectPath )
+    : connection_(std::move(connection))
+    , destination_(std::move(destination))
+    , objectPath_(std::move(objectPath))
+{
+    SDBUS_CHECK_SERVICE_NAME(destination_.c_str());
+    SDBUS_CHECK_OBJECT_PATH(objectPath_.c_str());
+
+    // The connection is ours only, i.e. it's us who has to manage the event loop upon this connection,
+    // in order that we get and process signals, async call replies, and other messages from D-Bus.
+    connection_->enterEventLoopAsync();
+}
+
+Proxy::Proxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>&& connection
+            , ServiceName destination
+            , ObjectPath objectPath
+            , dont_run_event_loop_thread_t )
+    : connection_(std::move(connection))
+    , destination_(std::move(destination))
+    , objectPath_(std::move(objectPath))
+{
+    SDBUS_CHECK_SERVICE_NAME(destination_.c_str());
+    SDBUS_CHECK_OBJECT_PATH(objectPath_.c_str());
+
+    // Even though the connection is ours only, we don't start an event loop thread.
+    // This proxy is meant to be created, used for simple synchronous D-Bus call(s) and then dismissed.
+}
+
+MethodCall Proxy::createMethodCall(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const MethodName& methodName) const
+{
+    return connection_->createMethodCall(destination_, objectPath_, interfaceName, methodName);
+}
+
+MethodCall Proxy::createMethodCall(const char* interfaceName, const char* methodName) const
+{
+    return connection_->createMethodCall(destination_.c_str(), objectPath_.c_str(), interfaceName, methodName);
+}
+
+MethodReply Proxy::callMethod(const MethodCall& message)
+{
+    return Proxy::callMethod(message, /*timeout*/ 0);
+}
+
+MethodReply Proxy::callMethod(const MethodCall& message, uint64_t timeout)
+{
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!message.isValid(), "Invalid method call message provided", EINVAL);
+
+    return message.send(timeout);
+}
+
+PendingAsyncCall Proxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback)
+{
+    return Proxy::callMethodAsync(message, std::move(asyncReplyCallback), /*timeout*/ 0);
+}
+
+Slot Proxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback, return_slot_t)
+{
+    return Proxy::callMethodAsync(message, std::move(asyncReplyCallback), /*timeout*/ 0, return_slot);
+}
+
+PendingAsyncCall Proxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback, uint64_t timeout)
+{
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!message.isValid(), "Invalid async method call message provided", EINVAL);
+
+    auto asyncCallInfo = std::make_shared<AsyncCallInfo>(AsyncCallInfo{ .callback = std::move(asyncReplyCallback)
+                                                                      , .proxy = *this
+                                                                      , .floating = false });
+
+    asyncCallInfo->slot = message.send((void*)&Proxy::sdbus_async_reply_handler, asyncCallInfo.get(), timeout, return_slot);
+
+    auto asyncCallInfoWeakPtr = std::weak_ptr{asyncCallInfo};
+
+    floatingAsyncCallSlots_.push_back(std::move(asyncCallInfo));
+
+    return {asyncCallInfoWeakPtr};
+}
+
+Slot Proxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback, uint64_t timeout, return_slot_t)
+{
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!message.isValid(), "Invalid async method call message provided", EINVAL);
+
+    auto asyncCallInfo = std::make_unique<AsyncCallInfo>(AsyncCallInfo{ .callback = std::move(asyncReplyCallback)
+                                                                      , .proxy = *this
+                                                                      , .floating = true });
+
+    asyncCallInfo->slot = message.send((void*)&Proxy::sdbus_async_reply_handler, asyncCallInfo.get(), timeout, return_slot);
+
+    return {asyncCallInfo.release(), [](void *ptr){ delete static_cast<AsyncCallInfo*>(ptr); }};
+}
+
+std::future<MethodReply> Proxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, with_future_t)
+{
+    return Proxy::callMethodAsync(message, {}, with_future);
+}
+
+std::future<MethodReply> Proxy::callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, uint64_t timeout, with_future_t)
+{
+    auto promise = std::make_shared<std::promise<MethodReply>>();
+    auto future = promise->get_future();
+
+    async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback = [promise = std::move(promise)](MethodReply reply, std::optional<Error> error) noexcept
+    {
+        if (!error)
+            promise->set_value(std::move(reply));
+        else
+            promise->set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(*std::move(error)));
+    };
+
+    (void)Proxy::callMethodAsync(message, std::move(asyncReplyCallback), timeout);
+
+    return future;
+}
+
+void Proxy::registerSignalHandler( const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                 , const SignalName& signalName
+                                 , signal_handler signalHandler )
+{
+    Proxy::registerSignalHandler(interfaceName.c_str(), signalName.c_str(), std::move(signalHandler));
+}
+
+void Proxy::registerSignalHandler( const char* interfaceName
+                                 , const char* signalName
+                                 , signal_handler signalHandler )
+{
+    auto slot = Proxy::registerSignalHandler(interfaceName, signalName, std::move(signalHandler), return_slot);
+
+    floatingSignalSlots_.push_back(std::move(slot));
+}
+
+Slot Proxy::registerSignalHandler( const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                 , const SignalName& signalName
+                                 , signal_handler signalHandler
+                                 , return_slot_t )
+{
+    return Proxy::registerSignalHandler(interfaceName.c_str(), signalName.c_str(), std::move(signalHandler), return_slot);
+}
+
+Slot Proxy::registerSignalHandler( const char* interfaceName
+                                 , const char* signalName
+                                 , signal_handler signalHandler
+                                 , return_slot_t )
+{
+    SDBUS_CHECK_INTERFACE_NAME(interfaceName);
+    SDBUS_CHECK_MEMBER_NAME(signalName);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!signalHandler, "Invalid signal handler provided", EINVAL);
+
+    auto signalInfo = std::make_unique<SignalInfo>(SignalInfo{std::move(signalHandler), *this, {}});
+
+    signalInfo->slot = connection_->registerSignalHandler( destination_.c_str()
+                                                         , objectPath_.c_str()
+                                                         , interfaceName
+                                                         , signalName
+                                                         , &Proxy::sdbus_signal_handler
+                                                         , signalInfo.get()
+                                                         , return_slot );
+
+    return {signalInfo.release(), [](void *ptr){ delete static_cast<SignalInfo*>(ptr); }};
+}
+
+void Proxy::unregister()
+{
+    floatingAsyncCallSlots_.clear();
+    floatingSignalSlots_.clear();
+}
+
+sdbus::IConnection& Proxy::getConnection() const
+{
+    return *connection_;
+}
+
+const ObjectPath& Proxy::getObjectPath() const
+{
+    return objectPath_;
+}
+
+Message Proxy::getCurrentlyProcessedMessage() const
+{
+    return connection_->getCurrentlyProcessedMessage();
+}
+
+int Proxy::sdbus_async_reply_handler(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError)
+{
+    auto* asyncCallInfo = static_cast<AsyncCallInfo*>(userData);
+    assert(asyncCallInfo != nullptr);
+    assert(asyncCallInfo->callback);
+    auto& proxy = asyncCallInfo->proxy;
+
+    // We are removing the CallData item at the complete scope exit, after the callback has been invoked.
+    // We can't do it earlier (before callback invocation for example), because CallBack data (slot release)
+    // is the synchronization point between callback invocation and Proxy::unregister.
+    SCOPE_EXIT
+    {
+        proxy.floatingAsyncCallSlots_.erase(asyncCallInfo);
+    };
+
+    auto message = Message::Factory::create<MethodReply>(sdbusMessage, proxy.connection_.get());
+
+    auto ok = invokeHandlerAndCatchErrors([&]
+    {
+        const auto* error = sd_bus_message_get_error(sdbusMessage);
+        if (error == nullptr)
+        {
+            asyncCallInfo->callback(std::move(message), {});
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            Error exception(Error::Name{error->name}, error->message);
+            asyncCallInfo->callback(std::move(message), std::move(exception));
+        }
+    }, retError);
+
+    return ok ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int Proxy::sdbus_signal_handler(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError)
+{
+    auto* signalInfo = static_cast<SignalInfo*>(userData);
+    assert(signalInfo != nullptr);
+    assert(signalInfo->callback);
+
+    auto message = Message::Factory::create<Signal>(sdbusMessage, signalInfo->proxy.connection_.get());
+
+    auto ok = invokeHandlerAndCatchErrors([&](){ signalInfo->callback(std::move(message)); }, retError);
+
+    return ok ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+Proxy::FloatingAsyncCallSlots::~FloatingAsyncCallSlots()
+{
+    clear();
+}
+
+void Proxy::FloatingAsyncCallSlots::push_back(std::shared_ptr<AsyncCallInfo> asyncCallInfo)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
+    if (!asyncCallInfo->finished) // The call may have finished in the meantime
+        slots_.emplace_back(std::move(asyncCallInfo));
+}
+
+void Proxy::FloatingAsyncCallSlots::erase(AsyncCallInfo* info)
+{
+    std::unique_lock lock(mutex_);
+    info->finished = true;
+    auto it = std::find_if(slots_.begin(), slots_.end(), [info](auto const& entry){ return entry.get() == info; });
+    if (it != slots_.end())
+    {
+        auto callInfo = std::move(*it);
+        slots_.erase(it);
+        lock.unlock();
+
+        // Releasing call slot pointer acquires global sd-bus mutex. We have to perform the release
+        // out of the `mutex_' critical section here, because if the `removeCall` is called by some
+        // thread and at the same time Proxy's async reply handler (which already holds global sd-bus
+        // mutex) is in progress in a different thread, we get double-mutex deadlock.
+    }
+}
+
+void Proxy::FloatingAsyncCallSlots::clear()
+{
+    std::unique_lock lock(mutex_);
+    auto asyncCallSlots = std::move(slots_);
+    slots_ = {};
+    lock.unlock();
+
+    // Releasing call slot pointer acquires global sd-bus mutex. We have to perform the release
+    // out of the `mutex_' critical section here, because if the `clear` is called by some thread
+    // and at the same time Proxy's async reply handler (which already holds global sd-bus
+    // mutex) is in progress in a different thread, we get double-mutex deadlock.
+}
+
+}
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+PendingAsyncCall::PendingAsyncCall(std::weak_ptr<void> callInfo)
+    : callInfo_(std::move(callInfo))
+{
+}
+
+void PendingAsyncCall::cancel()
+{
+    if (auto ptr = callInfo_.lock(); ptr != nullptr)
+    {
+        auto* asyncCallInfo = static_cast<internal::Proxy::AsyncCallInfo*>(ptr.get());
+        asyncCallInfo->proxy.floatingAsyncCallSlots_.erase(asyncCallInfo);
+
+        // At this point, the callData item is being deleted, leading to the release of the
+        // sd-bus slot pointer. This release locks the global sd-bus mutex. If the async
+        // callback is currently being processed, the sd-bus mutex is locked by the event
+        // loop thread, thus access to the callData item is synchronized and thread-safe.
+    }
+}
+
+bool PendingAsyncCall::isPending() const
+{
+    return !callInfo_.expired();
+}
+
+}
+
+namespace sdbus {
+
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( IConnection& connection
+                                          , ServiceName destination
+                                          , ObjectPath objectPath )
+{
+    auto* sdbusConnection = dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(&connection);
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sdbusConnection, "Connection is not a real sdbus-c++ connection", EINVAL);
+
+    return std::make_unique<sdbus::internal::Proxy>( *sdbusConnection
+                                                   , std::move(destination)
+                                                   , std::move(objectPath) );
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( std::unique_ptr<IConnection>&& connection
+                                          , ServiceName destination
+                                          , ObjectPath objectPath )
+{
+    auto* sdbusConnection = dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(connection.get());
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sdbusConnection, "Connection is not a real sdbus-c++ connection", EINVAL);
+
+    connection.release();
+
+    return std::make_unique<sdbus::internal::Proxy>( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>(sdbusConnection)
+                                                   , std::move(destination)
+                                                   , std::move(objectPath) );
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( std::unique_ptr<IConnection>&& connection
+                                          , ServiceName destination
+                                          , ObjectPath objectPath
+                                          , dont_run_event_loop_thread_t )
+{
+    auto* sdbusConnection = dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(connection.get());
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sdbusConnection, "Connection is not a real sdbus-c++ connection", EINVAL);
+
+    connection.release();
+
+    return std::make_unique<sdbus::internal::Proxy>( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>(sdbusConnection)
+                                                   , std::move(destination)
+                                                   , std::move(objectPath)
+                                                   , dont_run_event_loop_thread );
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createLightWeightProxy( std::unique_ptr<IConnection>&& connection
+                                                     , ServiceName destination
+                                                     , ObjectPath objectPath )
+{
+    return createProxy(std::move(connection), std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath), dont_run_event_loop_thread);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( ServiceName destination
+                                          , ObjectPath objectPath )
+{
+    auto connection = sdbus::createBusConnection();
+
+    auto sdbusConnection = std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>(dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(connection.release()));
+    assert(sdbusConnection != nullptr);
+
+    return std::make_unique<sdbus::internal::Proxy>( std::move(sdbusConnection)
+                                                   , std::move(destination)
+                                                   , std::move(objectPath) );
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createProxy( ServiceName destination
+                                          , ObjectPath objectPath
+                                          , dont_run_event_loop_thread_t )
+{
+    auto connection = sdbus::createBusConnection();
+
+    auto sdbusConnection = std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>(dynamic_cast<sdbus::internal::IConnection*>(connection.release()));
+    assert(sdbusConnection != nullptr);
+
+    return std::make_unique<sdbus::internal::Proxy>( std::move(sdbusConnection)
+                                                   , std::move(destination)
+                                                   , std::move(objectPath)
+                                                   , dont_run_event_loop_thread );
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IProxy> createLightWeightProxy(ServiceName destination, ObjectPath objectPath)
+{
+    return createProxy(std::move(destination), std::move(objectPath), dont_run_event_loop_thread);
+}
+
+}

src/Proxy.h

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file Proxy.h
+ *
+ * Created on: Nov 8, 2016
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_PROXY_H_
+#define SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_PROXY_H_
+
+#include "sdbus-c++/IProxy.h"
+
+#include "IConnection.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/Types.h"
+
+#include <deque>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace sdbus::internal {
+
+    class Proxy
+        : public IProxy
+    {
+    public:
+        Proxy( sdbus::internal::IConnection& connection
+             , ServiceName destination
+             , ObjectPath objectPath );
+        Proxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>&& connection
+             , ServiceName destination
+             , ObjectPath objectPath );
+        Proxy( std::unique_ptr<sdbus::internal::IConnection>&& connection
+             , ServiceName destination
+             , ObjectPath objectPath
+             , dont_run_event_loop_thread_t );
+
+        MethodCall createMethodCall(const InterfaceName& interfaceName, const MethodName& methodName) const override;
+        MethodCall createMethodCall(const char* interfaceName, const char* methodName) const override;
+        MethodReply callMethod(const MethodCall& message) override;
+        MethodReply callMethod(const MethodCall& message, uint64_t timeout) override;
+        PendingAsyncCall callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback) override;
+        Slot callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                            , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                            , return_slot_t ) override;
+        PendingAsyncCall callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                                        , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                                        , uint64_t timeout ) override;
+        Slot callMethodAsync( const MethodCall& message
+                            , async_reply_handler asyncReplyCallback
+                            , uint64_t timeout
+                            , return_slot_t ) override;
+        std::future<MethodReply> callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, with_future_t) override;
+        std::future<MethodReply> callMethodAsync(const MethodCall& message, uint64_t timeout, with_future_t) override;
+
+        void registerSignalHandler( const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                  , const SignalName& signalName
+                                  , signal_handler signalHandler ) override;
+        void registerSignalHandler( const char* interfaceName
+                                  , const char* signalName
+                                  , signal_handler signalHandler ) override;
+        Slot registerSignalHandler( const InterfaceName& interfaceName
+                                  , const SignalName& signalName
+                                  , signal_handler signalHandler
+                                  , return_slot_t ) override;
+        Slot registerSignalHandler( const char* interfaceName
+                                  , const char* signalName
+                                  , signal_handler signalHandler
+                                  , return_slot_t ) override;
+        void unregister() override;
+
+        [[nodiscard]] sdbus::IConnection& getConnection() const override;
+        [[nodiscard]] const ObjectPath& getObjectPath() const override;
+        [[nodiscard]] Message getCurrentlyProcessedMessage() const override;
+
+    private:
+        static int sdbus_signal_handler(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError);
+        static int sdbus_async_reply_handler(sd_bus_message *sdbusMessage, void *userData, sd_bus_error *retError);
+
+    private:
+        friend PendingAsyncCall;
+
+        std::unique_ptr< sdbus::internal::IConnection
+                       , std::function<void(sdbus::internal::IConnection*)>
+                       > connection_;
+        ServiceName destination_;
+        ObjectPath objectPath_;
+
+        std::vector<Slot> floatingSignalSlots_;
+
+        struct SignalInfo
+        {
+            signal_handler callback;
+            Proxy& proxy;
+            Slot slot;
+        };
+
+        struct AsyncCallInfo
+        {
+            async_reply_handler callback;
+            Proxy& proxy;
+            Slot slot{};
+            bool finished{false};
+            bool floating;
+        };
+
+        // Container keeping track of pending async calls
+        class FloatingAsyncCallSlots
+        {
+        public:
+            ~FloatingAsyncCallSlots();
+            void push_back(std::shared_ptr<AsyncCallInfo> asyncCallInfo);
+            void erase(AsyncCallInfo* info);
+            void clear();
+
+        private:
+            std::mutex mutex_;
+            std::deque<std::shared_ptr<AsyncCallInfo>> slots_;
+        };
+
+        FloatingAsyncCallSlots floatingAsyncCallSlots_;
+    };
+
+}
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_PROXY_H_ */

src/ScopeGuard.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file ScopeGuard.h
  *
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CPP_INTERNAL_SCOPEGUARD_H_
 #define SDBUS_CPP_INTERNAL_SCOPEGUARD_H_
 
+#include <exception>
 #include <utility>
 
 // Straightforward, modern, easy-to-use RAII utility to perform work on scope exit in an exception-safe manner.
@@ -54,78 +56,115 @@
 //     return; // exiting scope normally
 // }
 
-#define SCOPE_EXIT                                          \
-    auto ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(SCOPE_EXIT_STATE)               \
-    = ::skybase::utils::detail::ScopeGuardOnExit() + [&]()  \
+#define SCOPE_EXIT                                                \
+    auto ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(SCOPE_EXIT_STATE)                     \
+        = ::sdbus::internal::ScopeGuardOnExitTag{} + [&]()        \
+    /**/
+#define SCOPE_EXIT_NAMED(NAME)                                    \
+    auto NAME                                                     \
+        = ::sdbus::internal::ScopeGuardOnExitTag{} + [&]()        \
+    /**/
+#define SCOPE_EXIT_SUCCESS                                        \
+    auto ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(SCOPE_EXIT_STATE)                     \
+        = ::sdbus::internal::ScopeGuardOnExitSuccessTag{} + [&]() \
+    /**/
+#define SCOPE_EXIT_SUCCESS_NAMED(NAME)                            \
+    auto NAME                                                     \
+        = ::sdbus::internal::ScopeGuardOnExitSuccessTag{} + [&]() \
+    /**/
+#define SCOPE_EXIT_FAILURE                                        \
+    auto ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(SCOPE_EXIT_STATE)                     \
+        = ::sdbus::internal::ScopeGuardOnExitFailureTag{} + [&]() \
+    /**/
+#define SCOPE_EXIT_FAILURE_NAMED(NAME)                            \
+    auto NAME                                                     \
+        = ::sdbus::internal::ScopeGuardOnExitFailureTag{} + [&]() \
     /**/
 
-#define SCOPE_EXIT_NAMED(NAME)                              \
-    auto NAME                                               \
-    = ::skybase::utils::detail::ScopeGuardOnExit() + [&]()  \
-    /**/
+namespace sdbus::internal {
 
-namespace skybase {
-namespace utils {
+    struct ScopeGuardOnExitTag
+    {
+        static bool holds(int /*originalExceptions*/)
+        {
+            return true; // Always holds
+        }
+    };
+    struct ScopeGuardOnExitSuccessTag
+    {
+        static bool holds(int originalExceptions)
+        {
+            return originalExceptions == std::uncaught_exceptions(); // Only holds when no exception occurred within the scope
+        }
+    };
+    struct ScopeGuardOnExitFailureTag
+    {
+        static bool holds(int originalExceptions)
+        {
+            return originalExceptions != std::uncaught_exceptions(); // Only holds when an exception occurred within the scope
+        }
+    };
 
-    template <class _Fun>
+    template <class _Fun, typename _Tag>
     class ScopeGuard
     {
-        _Fun fnc_;
-        bool active_;
-
     public:
-        ScopeGuard(_Fun f)
-            : fnc_(std::move(f))
-            , active_(true)
+        ScopeGuard(_Fun f) : fnc_(std::move(f))
         {
         }
-        ~ScopeGuard()
+
+        ScopeGuard() = delete;
+        ScopeGuard(const ScopeGuard&) = delete;
+        ScopeGuard& operator=(const ScopeGuard&) = delete;
+        ScopeGuard(ScopeGuard&& rhs) : fnc_(std::move(rhs.fnc_)), active_(rhs.active_), exceptions_(rhs.exceptions_)
         {
-            if (active_)
-                fnc_();
+            rhs.dismiss();
         }
+
         void dismiss()
         {
             active_ = false;
         }
-        ScopeGuard() = delete;
-        ScopeGuard(const ScopeGuard&) = delete;
-        ScopeGuard& operator=(const ScopeGuard&) = delete;
-        ScopeGuard(ScopeGuard&& rhs)
-            : fnc_(std::move(rhs.fnc_))
-            , active_(rhs.active_)
+
+        ~ScopeGuard()
         {
-            rhs.dismiss();
+            if (active_ && _Tag::holds(exceptions_))
+                fnc_();
         }
+
+    private:
+        _Fun fnc_;
+        int exceptions_{std::uncaught_exceptions()};
+        bool active_{true};
     };
 
-    namespace detail
+    template <typename _Fun>
+    ScopeGuard<_Fun, ScopeGuardOnExitTag> operator+(ScopeGuardOnExitTag, _Fun&& fnc)
     {
-        enum class ScopeGuardOnExit
-        {
-        };
-
-        // Helper function to auto-deduce type of the callable entity
-        template <typename _Fun>
-        ScopeGuard<_Fun> operator+(ScopeGuardOnExit, _Fun&& fnc)
-        {
-            return ScopeGuard<_Fun>(std::forward<_Fun>(fnc));
-        }
+        return ScopeGuard<_Fun, ScopeGuardOnExitTag>(std::forward<_Fun>(fnc));
     }
 
-}}
+    template <typename _Fun>
+    ScopeGuard<_Fun, ScopeGuardOnExitSuccessTag> operator+(ScopeGuardOnExitSuccessTag, _Fun&& fnc)
+    {
+        return ScopeGuard<_Fun, ScopeGuardOnExitSuccessTag>(std::forward<_Fun>(fnc));
+    }
+
+    template <typename _Fun>
+    ScopeGuard<_Fun, ScopeGuardOnExitFailureTag> operator+(ScopeGuardOnExitFailureTag, _Fun&& fnc)
+    {
+        return ScopeGuard<_Fun, ScopeGuardOnExitFailureTag>(std::forward<_Fun>(fnc));
+    }
+
+}
 
 #define CONCATENATE_IMPL(s1, s2) s1##s2
 #define CONCATENATE(s1, s2) CONCATENATE_IMPL(s1, s2)
 
 #ifdef __COUNTER__
-#define ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(str)                 \
-    CONCATENATE(str, __COUNTER__)               \
-    /**/
+#define ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(str) CONCATENATE(str, __COUNTER__)
 #else
-#define ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(str)                 \
-    CONCATENATE(str, __LINE__)                  \
-    /**/
+#define ANONYMOUS_VARIABLE(str) CONCATENATE(str, __LINE__)
 #endif
 
 #endif /* SDBUS_CPP_INTERNAL_SCOPEGUARD_H_ */

src/SdBus.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file SdBus.cpp
  * @author Ardazishvili Roman (ardazishvili.roman@yandex.ru)
@@ -25,75 +26,153 @@
  */
 
 #include "SdBus.h"
+#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
+#include <algorithm>
 
-namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
+namespace sdbus::internal {
 
 sd_bus_message* SdBus::sd_bus_message_ref(sd_bus_message *m)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_message_ref(m);
 }
 
 sd_bus_message* SdBus::sd_bus_message_unref(sd_bus_message *m)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_message_unref(m);
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_send(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t *cookie)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
-    return ::sd_bus_send(bus, m, cookie);
+    auto r = ::sd_bus_send(bus, m, cookie);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    return r;
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_call(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t usec, sd_bus_error *ret_error, sd_bus_message **reply)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_call(bus, m, usec, ret_error, reply);
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_call_async(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, sd_bus_message *m, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata, uint64_t usec)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
-    return ::sd_bus_call_async(bus, slot, m, callback, userdata, usec);
+    auto r = ::sd_bus_call_async(bus, slot, m, callback, userdata, usec);
+    if (r < 0)
+      return r;
+
+    return r;
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_message_new(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, uint8_t type)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_message_new(bus, m, type);
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_message_new_method_call(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, const char *destination, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_message_new_method_call(bus, m, destination, path, interface, member);
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_message_new_signal(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_message_new_signal(bus, m, path, interface, member);
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_message_new_method_return(sd_bus_message *call, sd_bus_message **m)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_message_new_method_return(call, m);
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_message_new_method_error(sd_bus_message *call, sd_bus_message **m, const sd_bus_error *e)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_message_new_method_error(call, m, e);
 }
 
-int SdBus::sd_bus_open_user(sd_bus **ret)
+int SdBus::sd_bus_set_method_call_timeout(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t usec)
 {
-    return ::sd_bus_open_user(ret);
+#if LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION>=240
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_set_method_call_timeout(bus, usec);
+#else
+    (void)bus;
+    (void)usec;
+    throw Error(Error::Name{SD_BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED}, "Setting general method call timeout not supported by underlying version of libsystemd");
+#endif
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_get_method_call_timeout(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t *ret)
+{
+#if LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION>=240
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_get_method_call_timeout(bus, ret);
+#else
+    (void)bus;
+    (void)ret;
+    throw Error(Error::Name{SD_BUS_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED}, "Getting general method call timeout not supported by underlying version of libsystemd");
+#endif
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_emit_properties_changed_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, const char *interface, char **names)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_emit_properties_changed_strv(bus, path, interface, names);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_emit_object_added(sd_bus *bus, const char *path)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_emit_object_added(bus, path);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_emit_object_removed(sd_bus *bus, const char *path)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_emit_object_removed(bus, path);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_emit_interfaces_added_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, char **interfaces)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_emit_interfaces_added_strv(bus, path, interfaces);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_emit_interfaces_removed_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, char **interfaces)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_emit_interfaces_removed_strv(bus, path, interfaces);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_open(sd_bus **ret)
+{
+    return ::sd_bus_open(ret);
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_open_system(sd_bus **ret)
@@ -101,51 +180,214 @@ int SdBus::sd_bus_open_system(sd_bus **ret)
     return ::sd_bus_open_system(ret);
 }
 
+int SdBus::sd_bus_open_user(sd_bus **ret)
+{
+    return ::sd_bus_open_user(ret);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_open_user_with_address(sd_bus **ret, const char* address)
+{
+    sd_bus* bus = nullptr;
+
+    int r = ::sd_bus_new(&bus);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_set_address(bus, address);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_set_bus_client(bus, true);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    // Copying behavior from
+    // https://github.com/systemd/systemd/blob/fee6441601c979165ebcbb35472036439f8dad5f/src/libsystemd/sd-bus/sd-bus.c#L1381
+    // Here, we make the bus as trusted
+    r = ::sd_bus_set_trusted(bus, true);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_start(bus);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    *ret = bus;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_open_direct(sd_bus **ret, const char* address)
+{
+    sd_bus* bus = nullptr;
+
+    int r = ::sd_bus_new(&bus);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_set_address(bus, address);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_start(bus);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    *ret = bus;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_open_direct(sd_bus **ret, int fd)
+{
+    sd_bus* bus = nullptr;
+
+    int r = ::sd_bus_new(&bus);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_set_fd(bus, fd, fd);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_start(bus);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    *ret = bus;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_open_server(sd_bus **ret, int fd)
+{
+    sd_bus* bus = nullptr;
+
+    int r = ::sd_bus_new(&bus);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_set_fd(bus, fd, fd);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    sd_id128_t id;
+    r = ::sd_id128_randomize(&id);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_set_server(bus, true, id);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    r = ::sd_bus_start(bus);
+    if (r < 0)
+        return r;
+
+    *ret = bus;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_open_system_remote(sd_bus **ret, const char *host)
+{
+#ifndef SDBUS_basu
+    return ::sd_bus_open_system_remote(ret, host);
+#else
+    (void)ret;
+    (void)host;
+    // https://git.sr.ht/~emersion/basu/commit/01d33b244eb6
+    return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+#endif
+}
+
 int SdBus::sd_bus_request_name(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, uint64_t flags)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_request_name(bus, name, flags);
 }
 
 int SdBus::sd_bus_release_name(sd_bus *bus, const char *name)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_release_name(bus, name);
 }
 
+int SdBus::sd_bus_get_unique_name(sd_bus *bus, const char **name)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    return ::sd_bus_get_unique_name(bus, name);
+}
+
 int SdBus::sd_bus_add_object_vtable(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *path, const char *interface, const sd_bus_vtable *vtable, void *userdata)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_add_object_vtable(bus, slot, path, interface,  vtable, userdata);
 }
 
+int SdBus::sd_bus_add_object_manager(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *path)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_add_object_manager(bus, slot, path);
+}
+
 int SdBus::sd_bus_add_match(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *match, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
-    return :: sd_bus_add_match(bus, slot, match, callback, userdata);
+    return ::sd_bus_add_match(bus, slot, match, callback, userdata);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_add_match_async(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *match, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, sd_bus_message_handler_t install_callback, void *userdata)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_add_match_async(bus, slot, match, callback, install_callback, userdata);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_match_signal(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **ret, const char *sender, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_match_signal(bus, ret, sender, path, interface, member, callback, userdata);
 }
 
 sd_bus_slot* SdBus::sd_bus_slot_unref(sd_bus_slot *slot)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_slot_unref(slot);
 }
 
+int SdBus::sd_bus_new(sd_bus **ret)
+{
+    return ::sd_bus_new(ret);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_start(sd_bus *bus)
+{
+    return ::sd_bus_start(bus);
+}
+
 int SdBus::sd_bus_process(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **r)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     return ::sd_bus_process(bus, r);
 }
 
+sd_bus_message* SdBus::sd_bus_get_current_message(sd_bus *bus)
+{
+    return ::sd_bus_get_current_message(bus);
+}
+
 int SdBus::sd_bus_get_poll_data(sd_bus *bus, PollData* data)
 {
-    std::unique_lock<std::recursive_mutex> lock(sdbusMutex_);
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
 
     auto r = ::sd_bus_get_fd(bus);
     if (r < 0)
@@ -162,6 +404,16 @@ int SdBus::sd_bus_get_poll_data(sd_bus *bus, PollData* data)
     return r;
 }
 
+int SdBus::sd_bus_get_n_queued(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t *read, uint64_t* write)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    auto r1 = ::sd_bus_get_n_queued_read(bus, read);
+    auto r2 = ::sd_bus_get_n_queued_write(bus, write);
+
+    return std::min(r1, r2);
+}
+
 int SdBus::sd_bus_flush(sd_bus *bus)
 {
     return ::sd_bus_flush(bus);
@@ -172,4 +424,91 @@ sd_bus* SdBus::sd_bus_flush_close_unref(sd_bus *bus)
     return ::sd_bus_flush_close_unref(bus);
 }
 
-}}
+sd_bus* SdBus::sd_bus_close_unref(sd_bus *bus)
+{
+#if LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION>=241
+    return ::sd_bus_close_unref(bus);
+#else
+    ::sd_bus_close(bus);
+    return ::sd_bus_unref(bus);
+#endif
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_message_set_destination(sd_bus_message *m, const char *destination)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_message_set_destination(m, destination);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_query_sender_creds(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t mask, sd_bus_creds **c)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_query_sender_creds(m, mask, c);
+}
+
+sd_bus_creds* SdBus::sd_bus_creds_ref(sd_bus_creds *c)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_ref(c);
+}
+
+sd_bus_creds* SdBus::sd_bus_creds_unref(sd_bus_creds *c)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_unref(c);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_creds_get_pid(sd_bus_creds *c, pid_t *pid)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_get_pid(c, pid);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_creds_get_uid(sd_bus_creds *c, uid_t *uid)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_get_uid(c, uid);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_creds_get_euid(sd_bus_creds *c, uid_t *euid)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_get_euid(c, euid);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_creds_get_gid(sd_bus_creds *c, gid_t *gid)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_get_gid(c, gid);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_creds_get_egid(sd_bus_creds *c, uid_t *egid)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_get_egid(c, egid);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_creds_get_supplementary_gids(sd_bus_creds *c, const gid_t **gids)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_get_supplementary_gids(c, gids);
+}
+
+int SdBus::sd_bus_creds_get_selinux_context(sd_bus_creds *c, const char **label)
+{
+    std::lock_guard lock(sdbusMutex_);
+
+    return ::sd_bus_creds_get_selinux_context(c, label);
+}
+
+}

src/SdBus.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file SdBus.h
  * @author Ardazishvili Roman (ardazishvili.roman@yandex.ru)
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@
 #include "ISdBus.h"
 #include <mutex>
 
-namespace sdbus { namespace internal {
+namespace sdbus::internal {
 
 class SdBus final : public ISdBus
 {
@@ -42,29 +43,68 @@ public:
     virtual int sd_bus_call(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t usec, sd_bus_error *ret_error, sd_bus_message **reply) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_call_async(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, sd_bus_message *m, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata, uint64_t usec) override;
 
+    virtual int sd_bus_message_new(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, uint8_t type) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_message_new_method_call(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, const char *destination, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_message_new_signal(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **m, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_message_new_method_return(sd_bus_message *call, sd_bus_message **m) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_message_new_method_error(sd_bus_message *call, sd_bus_message **m, const sd_bus_error *e) override;
 
-    virtual int sd_bus_open_user(sd_bus **ret) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_set_method_call_timeout(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t usec) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_get_method_call_timeout(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t *ret) override;
+
+    virtual int sd_bus_emit_properties_changed_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, const char *interface, char **names) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_emit_object_added(sd_bus *bus, const char *path) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_emit_object_removed(sd_bus *bus, const char *path) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_emit_interfaces_added_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, char **interfaces) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_emit_interfaces_removed_strv(sd_bus *bus, const char *path, char **interfaces) override;
+
+    virtual int sd_bus_open(sd_bus **ret) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_open_system(sd_bus **ret) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_open_user(sd_bus **ret) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_open_user_with_address(sd_bus **ret, const char* address) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_open_system_remote(sd_bus **ret, const char* hsot) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_open_direct(sd_bus **ret, const char* address) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_open_direct(sd_bus **ret, int fd) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_open_server(sd_bus **ret, int fd) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_request_name(sd_bus *bus, const char *name, uint64_t flags) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_release_name(sd_bus *bus, const char *name) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_get_unique_name(sd_bus *bus, const char **name) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_add_object_vtable(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *path, const char *interface, const sd_bus_vtable *vtable, void *userdata) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_add_object_manager(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *path) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_add_match(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *match, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_add_match_async(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **slot, const char *match, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, sd_bus_message_handler_t install_callback, void *userdata) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_match_signal(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_slot **ret, const char *sender, const char *path, const char *interface, const char *member, sd_bus_message_handler_t callback, void *userdata) override;
     virtual sd_bus_slot* sd_bus_slot_unref(sd_bus_slot *slot) override;
 
-    virtual int sd_bus_process(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **r) override;
-    virtual int sd_bus_get_poll_data(sd_bus *bus, PollData* data) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_new(sd_bus **ret) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_start(sd_bus *bus) override;
 
+    virtual int sd_bus_process(sd_bus *bus, sd_bus_message **r) override;
+    virtual sd_bus_message* sd_bus_get_current_message(sd_bus *bus) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_get_poll_data(sd_bus *bus, PollData* data) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_get_n_queued(sd_bus *bus, uint64_t *read, uint64_t* write) override;
     virtual int sd_bus_flush(sd_bus *bus) override;
     virtual sd_bus *sd_bus_flush_close_unref(sd_bus *bus) override;
+    virtual sd_bus *sd_bus_close_unref(sd_bus *bus) override;
+
+    virtual int sd_bus_message_set_destination(sd_bus_message *m, const char *destination) override;
+
+    virtual int sd_bus_query_sender_creds(sd_bus_message *m, uint64_t mask, sd_bus_creds **c) override;
+    virtual sd_bus_creds* sd_bus_creds_ref(sd_bus_creds *c) override;
+    virtual sd_bus_creds* sd_bus_creds_unref(sd_bus_creds *c) override;
+
+    virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_pid(sd_bus_creds *c, pid_t *pid) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_uid(sd_bus_creds *c, uid_t *uid) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_euid(sd_bus_creds *c, uid_t *euid) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_gid(sd_bus_creds *c, gid_t *gid) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_egid(sd_bus_creds *c, gid_t *egid) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_supplementary_gids(sd_bus_creds *c, const gid_t **gids) override;
+    virtual int sd_bus_creds_get_selinux_context(sd_bus_creds *c, const char **label) override;
 
 private:
     std::recursive_mutex sdbusMutex_;
 };
 
-}}
+}
 
 #endif //SDBUS_C_SDBUS_H

src/Types.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file Types.cpp
  *
@@ -23,11 +24,16 @@
  * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  */
 
-#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
+#include "sdbus-c++/Types.h"
+
+#include "sdbus-c++/Error.h"
+
 #include "MessageUtils.h"
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
-#include <cassert>
+
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <system_error>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
+#include <unistd.h>
 
 namespace sdbus {
 
@@ -49,12 +55,10 @@ void Variant::deserializeFrom(Message& msg)
     msg_.seal();
 }
 
-std::string Variant::peekValueType() const
+const char* Variant::peekValueType() const
 {
     msg_.rewind(false);
-    std::string type;
-    std::string contents;
-    msg_.peekType(type, contents);
+    auto [type, contents] = msg_.peekType();
     return contents;
 }
 
@@ -63,4 +67,27 @@ bool Variant::isEmpty() const
     return msg_.isEmpty();
 }
 
+void UnixFd::close() // NOLINT(readability-make-member-function-const)
+{
+    if (fd_ >= 0)
+    {
+        ::close(fd_);
+    }
 }
+
+int UnixFd::checkedDup(int fd)
+{
+    if (fd < 0)
+    {
+        return fd;
+    }
+
+    int ret = ::dup(fd); // NOLINT(android-cloexec-dup) // TODO: verify
+    if (ret < 0)
+    {
+        throw std::system_error(errno, std::generic_category(), "dup failed");
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+} // namespace sdbus

src/Utils.h

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file Utils.h
+ *
+ * Created on: Feb 9, 2022
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
+#define SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
+
+#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
+
+#if LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION>=246
+#define SDBUS_CHECK_OBJECT_PATH(_PATH)                                                                                                          \
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sd_bus_object_path_is_valid(_PATH), std::string("Invalid object path '") + _PATH + "' provided", EINVAL)              \
+    /**/
+#define SDBUS_CHECK_INTERFACE_NAME(_NAME)                                                                                                       \
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sd_bus_interface_name_is_valid(_NAME), std::string("Invalid interface name '") + _NAME + "' provided", EINVAL)        \
+    /**/
+#define SDBUS_CHECK_SERVICE_NAME(_NAME)                                                                                                         \
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(*_NAME && !sd_bus_service_name_is_valid(_NAME), std::string("Invalid service name '") + _NAME + "' provided", EINVAL)  \
+    /**/
+#define SDBUS_CHECK_MEMBER_NAME(_NAME)                                                                                                          \
+    SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(!sd_bus_member_name_is_valid(_NAME), std::string("Invalid member name '") + _NAME + "' provided", EINVAL)              \
+    /**/
+#else
+#define SDBUS_CHECK_OBJECT_PATH(_PATH)
+#define SDBUS_CHECK_INTERFACE_NAME(_NAME)
+#define SDBUS_CHECK_SERVICE_NAME(_NAME)
+#define SDBUS_CHECK_MEMBER_NAME(_NAME)
+#endif
+
+namespace sdbus::internal {
+
+    template <typename _Callable>
+    bool invokeHandlerAndCatchErrors(_Callable callable, sd_bus_error *retError)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            callable();
+        }
+        catch (const Error& e)
+        {
+            sd_bus_error_set(retError, e.getName().c_str(), e.getMessage().c_str());
+            return false;
+        }
+        catch (const std::exception& e)
+        {
+            sd_bus_error_set(retError, SDBUSCPP_ERROR_NAME.c_str(), e.what());
+            return false;
+        }
+        catch (...)
+        {
+            sd_bus_error_set(retError, SDBUSCPP_ERROR_NAME.c_str(), "Unknown error occurred");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Returns time since epoch based of POSIX CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
+    // so we use the very same clock as underlying sd-bus library.
+    [[nodiscard]] inline auto now()
+    {
+        struct timespec ts{};
+        auto r = clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
+        SDBUS_THROW_ERROR_IF(r < 0, "clock_gettime failed: ", -errno);
+
+        return std::chrono::nanoseconds(ts.tv_nsec) + std::chrono::seconds(ts.tv_sec);
+    }
+
+    // Implementation of the overload pattern for variant visitation
+    template <class... Ts> struct overload : Ts... { using Ts::operator()...; };
+    template <class... Ts> overload(Ts...) -> overload<Ts...>;
+
+}
+
+#endif /* SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_ */

src/VTableUtils.c

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file VTableUtils.c
  *
@@ -24,52 +25,80 @@
  */
 
 #include "VTableUtils.h"
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
 
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableStartItem(uint64_t flags)
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableStartItem(uint64_t flags)
 {
     struct sd_bus_vtable vtableStart = SD_BUS_VTABLE_START(flags);
     return vtableStart;
 }
 
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableMethodItem( const char *member
-                                    , const char *signature
-                                    , const char *result
-                                    , sd_bus_message_handler_t handler
-                                    , uint64_t flags )
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableMethodItem( const char *member
+                                         , const char *signature
+                                         , const char *result
+                                         , const char *paramNames
+                                         , sd_bus_message_handler_t handler
+                                         , uint64_t flags )
 {
+#if LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION>=242
+    // We have to expand macro SD_BUS_METHOD_WITH_NAMES manually here, because the macro expects literal char strings
+    /*struct sd_bus_vtable vtableItem = SD_BUS_METHOD_WITH_NAMES(member, signature, innames, result, outnames, handler, flags);*/
+    struct sd_bus_vtable vtableItem =
+    {
+            .type = _SD_BUS_VTABLE_METHOD,
+            .flags = flags,
+            .x = {
+                .method = {
+                    .member = member,
+                    .signature = signature,
+                    .result = result,
+                    .handler = handler,
+                    .offset = 0,
+                    .names = paramNames,
+                },
+            },
+    };
+#else
+    (void)paramNames;
     struct sd_bus_vtable vtableItem = SD_BUS_METHOD(member, signature, result, handler, flags);
+#endif
     return vtableItem;
 }
 
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableSignalItem( const char *member
-                                    , const char *signature
-                                    , uint64_t flags )
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableSignalItem( const char *member
+                                         , const char *signature
+                                         , const char *outnames
+                                         , uint64_t flags )
 {
+#if LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION>=242
+    struct sd_bus_vtable vtableItem = SD_BUS_SIGNAL_WITH_NAMES(member, signature, outnames, flags);
+#else
+    (void)outnames;
     struct sd_bus_vtable vtableItem = SD_BUS_SIGNAL(member, signature, flags);
+#endif
     return vtableItem;
 }
 
-sd_bus_vtable createVTablePropertyItem( const char *member
-                                      , const char *signature
-                                      , sd_bus_property_get_t getter
-                                      , uint64_t flags )
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableReadOnlyPropertyItem( const char *member
+                                                   , const char *signature
+                                                   , sd_bus_property_get_t getter
+                                                   , uint64_t flags )
 {
     struct sd_bus_vtable vtableItem = SD_BUS_PROPERTY(member, signature, getter, 0, flags);
     return vtableItem;
 }
 
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableWritablePropertyItem( const char *member
-                                              , const char *signature
-                                              , sd_bus_property_get_t getter
-                                              , sd_bus_property_set_t setter
-                                              , uint64_t flags )
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableWritablePropertyItem( const char *member
+                                                   , const char *signature
+                                                   , sd_bus_property_get_t getter
+                                                   , sd_bus_property_set_t setter
+                                                   , uint64_t flags )
 {
     struct sd_bus_vtable vtableItem = SD_BUS_WRITABLE_PROPERTY(member, signature, getter, setter, 0, flags);
     return vtableItem;
 }
 
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableEndItem()
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableEndItem()
 {
     struct sd_bus_vtable vtableEnd = SD_BUS_VTABLE_END;
     return vtableEnd;

src/VTableUtils.h

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
  *
  * @file VTableUtils.h
  *
@@ -26,32 +27,34 @@
 #ifndef SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_VTABLEUTILS_H_
 #define SDBUS_CXX_INTERNAL_VTABLEUTILS_H_
 
-#include <systemd/sd-bus.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
+#include SDBUS_HEADER
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableStartItem(uint64_t flags);
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableMethodItem( const char *member
-                                    , const char *signature
-                                    , const char *result
-                                    , sd_bus_message_handler_t handler
-                                    , uint64_t flags );
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableSignalItem( const char *member
-                                    , const char *signature
-                                    , uint64_t flags );
-sd_bus_vtable createVTablePropertyItem( const char *member
-                                      , const char *signature
-                                      , sd_bus_property_get_t getter
-                                      , uint64_t flags );
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableWritablePropertyItem( const char *member
-                                              , const char *signature
-                                              , sd_bus_property_get_t getter
-                                              , sd_bus_property_set_t setter
-                                              , uint64_t flags );
-sd_bus_vtable createVTableEndItem();
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableStartItem(uint64_t flags);
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableMethodItem( const char *member
+                                         , const char *signature
+                                         , const char *result
+                                         , const char *paramNames
+                                         , sd_bus_message_handler_t handler
+                                         , uint64_t flags );
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableSignalItem( const char *member
+                                         , const char *signature
+                                         , const char *outnames
+                                         , uint64_t flags );
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableReadOnlyPropertyItem( const char *member
+                                                   , const char *signature
+                                                   , sd_bus_property_get_t getter
+                                                   , uint64_t flags );
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableWritablePropertyItem( const char *member
+                                                   , const char *signature
+                                                   , sd_bus_property_get_t getter
+                                                   , sd_bus_property_set_t setter
+                                                   , uint64_t flags );
+sd_bus_vtable createSdBusVTableEndItem();
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }

stub-generator/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-#-------------------------------
-# PROJECT INFORMATION
-#-------------------------------
-
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
-
-project(sdbuscpp-xml2cpp)
-
-include(GNUInstallDirs)
-
-#-------------------------------
-# PERFORMING CHECKS
-#-------------------------------
-
-find_package(EXPAT REQUIRED)
-
-#-------------------------------
-# SOURCE FILES CONFIGURATION
-#-------------------------------
-
-set(SDBUSCPP_XML2CPP_SRCS
-    xml2cpp.cpp
-    xml.h
-    xml.cpp
-    generator_utils.h
-    generator_utils.cpp
-    BaseGenerator.h
-    BaseGenerator.cpp
-    AdaptorGenerator.h
-    AdaptorGenerator.cpp
-    ProxyGenerator.h
-    ProxyGenerator.cpp)
-
-#-------------------------------
-# GENERAL COMPILER CONFIGURATION
-#-------------------------------
-
-set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)
-
-#----------------------------------
-# EXECUTABLE BUILD INFORMATION
-#----------------------------------
-
-add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} ${SDBUSCPP_XML2CPP_SRCS})
-
-target_link_libraries (${PROJECT_NAME} ${EXPAT_LIBRARIES})
-
-#----------------------------------
-# INSTALLATION
-#----------------------------------
-
-install(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME} EXPORT ${PROJECT_NAME} DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})

stub-generator/ProxyGenerator.cpp

@@ -1,267 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file ProxyGenerator.cpp
- *
- * Created on: Feb 1, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-// Own
-#include "generator_utils.h"
-#include "ProxyGenerator.h"
-
-// STL
-#include <iostream>
-#include <cstdlib>
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <iterator>
-
-
-using std::endl;
-
-using sdbuscpp::xml::Document;
-using sdbuscpp::xml::Node;
-using sdbuscpp::xml::Nodes;
-
-/**
- * Generate proxy code - client glue
- */
-int ProxyGenerator::transformXmlToFileImpl(const Document &doc, const char *filename) const
-{
-    Node &root = *(doc.root);
-    Nodes interfaces = root["interface"];
-
-    std::ostringstream code;
-    code << createHeader(filename, StubType::PROXY);
-
-    for (const auto& interface : interfaces)
-    {
-        code << processInterface(*interface);
-    }
-
-    code << "#endif" << endl;
-
-    return writeToFile(filename, code.str());
-}
-
-
-std::string ProxyGenerator::processInterface(Node& interface) const
-{
-    std::string ifaceName = interface.get("name");
-    std::cout << "Generating proxy code for interface " << ifaceName << endl;
-
-    unsigned int namespacesCount = 0;
-    std::string namespacesStr;
-    std::tie(namespacesCount, namespacesStr) = generateNamespaces(ifaceName);
-
-    std::ostringstream body;
-    body << namespacesStr;
-
-    std::string className = ifaceName.substr(ifaceName.find_last_of(".") + 1)
-            + "_proxy";
-
-    body << "class " << className << endl
-            << "{" << endl
-            << "public:" << endl
-            << tab << "static constexpr const char* interfaceName = \"" << ifaceName << "\";" << endl << endl
-            << "protected:" << endl
-            << tab << className << "(sdbus::IObjectProxy& object)" << endl
-            << tab << tab << ": object_(object)" << endl;
-
-    Nodes methods = interface["method"];
-    Nodes signals = interface["signal"];
-    Nodes properties = interface["property"];
-
-    std::string registration, declaration;
-    std::tie(registration, declaration) = processSignals(signals);
-
-    body << tab << "{" << endl
-            << registration
-            << tab << "}" << endl << endl;
-    if (!declaration.empty())
-        body << declaration << endl;
-
-    std::string methodDefinitions, asyncDeclarations;
-    std::tie(methodDefinitions, asyncDeclarations) = processMethods(methods);
-
-    if (!asyncDeclarations.empty())
-    {
-        body << asyncDeclarations << endl;
-    }
-
-    if (!methodDefinitions.empty())
-    {
-        body << "public:" << endl << methodDefinitions;
-    }
-
-    std::string propertyDefinitions = processProperties(properties);
-    if (!propertyDefinitions.empty())
-    {
-        body << "public:" << endl << propertyDefinitions;
-    }
-
-    body << "private:" << endl
-            << tab << "sdbus::IObjectProxy& object_;" << endl
-            << "};" << endl << endl
-            << std::string(namespacesCount, '}') << " // namespaces" << endl << endl;
-
-    return body.str();
-}
-
-std::tuple<std::string, std::string> ProxyGenerator::processMethods(const Nodes& methods) const
-{
-    std::ostringstream definitionSS, asyncDeclarationSS;
-
-    for (const auto& method : methods)
-    {
-        auto name = method->get("name");
-        Nodes args = (*method)["arg"];
-        Nodes inArgs = args.select("direction" , "in");
-        Nodes outArgs = args.select("direction" , "out");
-
-        bool dontExpectReply{false};
-        bool async{false};
-        Nodes annotations = (*method)["annotation"];
-        for (const auto& annotation : annotations)
-        {
-            if (annotation->get("name") == "org.freedesktop.DBus.Method.NoReply" && annotation->get("value") == "true")
-                dontExpectReply = true;
-            else if (annotation->get("name") == "org.freedesktop.DBus.Method.Async"
-                     && (annotation->get("value") == "client" || annotation->get("value") == "clientserver"))
-                async = true;
-        }
-        if (dontExpectReply && outArgs.size() > 0)
-        {
-            std::cerr << "Function: " << name << ": ";
-            std::cerr << "Option 'org.freedesktop.DBus.Method.NoReply' not allowed for methods with 'out' variables! Option ignored..." << std::endl;
-            dontExpectReply = false;
-        }
-
-        auto retType = outArgsToType(outArgs);
-        std::string inArgStr, inArgTypeStr;
-        std::tie(inArgStr, inArgTypeStr, std::ignore) = argsToNamesAndTypes(inArgs);
-        std::string outArgStr, outArgTypeStr;
-        std::tie(outArgStr, outArgTypeStr, std::ignore) = argsToNamesAndTypes(outArgs);
-
-        definitionSS << tab << (async ? "void" : retType) << " " << name << "(" << inArgTypeStr << ")" << endl
-                << tab << "{" << endl;
-
-        if (outArgs.size() > 0 && !async)
-        {
-            definitionSS << tab << tab << retType << " result;" << endl;
-        }
-
-        definitionSS << tab << tab << "object_.callMethod" << (async ? "Async" : "") << "(\"" << name << "\")"
-                        ".onInterface(interfaceName)";
-
-        if (inArgs.size() > 0)
-        {
-            definitionSS << ".withArguments(" << inArgStr << ")";
-        }
-
-        if (async && !dontExpectReply)
-        {
-            auto nameBigFirst = name;
-            nameBigFirst[0] = islower(nameBigFirst[0]) ? nameBigFirst[0] + 'A' - 'a' : nameBigFirst[0];
-
-            definitionSS << ".uponReplyInvoke([this](const sdbus::Error* error" << (outArgTypeStr.empty() ? "" : ", ") << outArgTypeStr << ")"
-                                             "{ this->on" << nameBigFirst << "Reply(" << outArgStr << (outArgStr.empty() ? "" : ", ") << "error); })";
-
-            asyncDeclarationSS << tab << "virtual void on" << nameBigFirst << "Reply("
-                               << outArgTypeStr << (outArgTypeStr.empty() ? "" : ", ")  << "const sdbus::Error* error) = 0;" << endl;
-        }
-        else if (outArgs.size() > 0)
-        {
-            definitionSS << ".storeResultsTo(result);" << endl
-                         << tab << tab << "return result";
-        }
-        else if (dontExpectReply)
-        {
-            definitionSS << ".dontExpectReply()";
-        }
-
-        definitionSS << ";" << endl << tab << "}" << endl << endl;
-    }
-
-    return std::make_tuple(definitionSS.str(), asyncDeclarationSS.str());
-}
-
-std::tuple<std::string, std::string> ProxyGenerator::processSignals(const Nodes& signals) const
-{
-    std::ostringstream registrationSS, declarationSS;
-
-    for (const auto& signal : signals)
-    {
-        auto name = signal->get("name");
-        Nodes args = (*signal)["arg"];
-
-        auto nameBigFirst = name;
-        nameBigFirst[0] = islower(nameBigFirst[0]) ? nameBigFirst[0] + 'A' - 'a' : nameBigFirst[0];
-
-        std::string argStr, argTypeStr;
-        std::tie(argStr, argTypeStr, std::ignore) = argsToNamesAndTypes(args);
-
-        registrationSS << tab << tab << "object_"
-                ".uponSignal(\"" << name << "\")"
-                ".onInterface(interfaceName)"
-                ".call([this](" << argTypeStr << ")"
-                "{ this->on" << nameBigFirst << "(" << argStr << "); });" << endl;
-
-        declarationSS << tab << "virtual void on" << nameBigFirst << "(" << argTypeStr << ") = 0;" << endl;
-    }
-
-    return std::make_tuple(registrationSS.str(), declarationSS.str());
-}
-
-std::string ProxyGenerator::processProperties(const Nodes& properties) const
-{
-    std::ostringstream propertySS;
-    for (const auto& property : properties)
-    {
-        auto propertyName = property->get("name");
-        auto propertyAccess = property->get("access");
-        auto propertySignature = property->get("type");
-
-        auto propertyType = signature_to_type(propertySignature);
-        auto propertyArg = std::string("value");
-        auto propertyTypeArg = std::string("const ") + propertyType + "& " + propertyArg;
-
-        if (propertyAccess == "read" || propertyAccess == "readwrite")
-        {
-            propertySS << tab << propertyType << " " << propertyName << "()" << endl
-                    << tab << "{" << endl;
-            propertySS << tab << tab << "return object_.getProperty(\"" << propertyName << "\")"
-                            ".onInterface(interfaceName)";
-            propertySS << ";" << endl << tab << "}" << endl << endl;
-        }
-
-        if (propertyAccess == "readwrite" || propertyAccess == "write")
-        {
-            propertySS << tab << "void " << propertyName << "(" << propertyTypeArg << ")" << endl
-                    << tab << "{" << endl;
-            propertySS << tab << tab << "object_.setProperty(\"" << propertyName << "\")"
-                            ".onInterface(interfaceName)"
-                            ".toValue(" << propertyArg << ")";
-            propertySS << ";" << endl << tab << "}" << endl << endl;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return propertySS.str();
-}

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-#-------------------------------
-# DOWNLOAD AND BUILD OF GOOGLETEST
-# https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/README.md#incorporating-into-an-existing-cmake-project
-#-------------------------------
-
-configure_file(googletest-download/CMakeLists.txt.in googletest-download/CMakeLists.txt)
-
-execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -G "${CMAKE_GENERATOR}" .
-    RESULT_VARIABLE result
-    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-download)
-
-if(result)
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "CMake step for googletest failed: ${result}")
-endif()
-
-execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} --build .
-    RESULT_VARIABLE result
-    WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-download)
-
-if(result)
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "Build step for googletest failed: ${result}")
-endif()
-
-set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
-
-add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-src
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build
-    EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
-
-#-------------------------------
-# SOURCE FILES CONFIGURATION
-#-------------------------------
-
-set(UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests)
-set(UNITTESTS_SRCS
-    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/libsdbus-c++_unittests.cpp
-    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/Message_test.cpp
-    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/Types_test.cpp
-    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TypeTraits_test.cpp
-    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/Connection_test.cpp
-    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/mocks/SdBusMock.h)
-
-set(INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/integrationtests)
-set(INTEGRATIONTESTS_SRCS
-    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/AdaptorAndProxy_test.cpp
-    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/Connection_test.cpp
-    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/libsdbus-c++_integrationtests.cpp
-    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/adaptor-glue.h
-    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/defs.h
-    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/proxy-glue.h
-    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TestingAdaptor.h
-    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TestingProxy.h)
-
-set(PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/perftests)
-set(STRESSTESTS_CLIENT_SRCS
-    ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/client.cpp
-    ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/perftest-proxy.h)
-set(STRESSTESTS_SERVER_SRCS
-    ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/server.cpp
-    ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/perftest-adaptor.h)
-
-set(STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/stresstests)
-set(STRESSTESTS_SRCS
-    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/stresstests.cpp
-    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/fahrenheit-thermometer-adaptor.h
-    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/fahrenheit-thermometer-proxy.h
-    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/concatenator-adaptor.h
-    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/concatenator-proxy.h)
-
-#-------------------------------
-# GENERAL COMPILER CONFIGURATION
-#-------------------------------
-
-include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
-
-#----------------------------------
-# BUILD INFORMATION
-#----------------------------------
-
-# Turn off -isystem gcc option that CMake uses for imported
-# targets even when INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES is used.
-set(CMAKE_NO_SYSTEM_FROM_IMPORTED "1")
-
-add_executable(libsdbus-c++_unittests ${UNITTESTS_SRCS} $<TARGET_OBJECTS:sdbuscppobjects>)
-target_link_libraries(libsdbus-c++_unittests ${SYSTEMD_LIBRARIES} gmock gmock_main)
-
-add_executable(libsdbus-c++_integrationtests ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SRCS})
-target_link_libraries(libsdbus-c++_integrationtests sdbus-c++ gmock gmock_main)
-
-# Manual performance tests
-option(ENABLE_PERFTESTS "Build and install manual performance tests (default OFF)" OFF)
-if(ENABLE_PERFTESTS)
-    add_executable(libsdbus-c++_perftests_client ${STRESSTESTS_CLIENT_SRCS})
-    target_link_libraries(libsdbus-c++_perftests_client sdbus-c++)
-    add_executable(libsdbus-c++_perftests_server ${STRESSTESTS_SERVER_SRCS})
-    target_link_libraries(libsdbus-c++_perftests_server sdbus-c++)
-endif()
-
-# Manual stress tests
-option(ENABLE_STRESSTESTS "Build and install manual stress tests (default OFF)" ON)
-if(ENABLE_STRESSTESTS)
-    set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
-    find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
-
-    add_executable(sdbus-c++-stress-tests ${STRESSTESTS_SRCS})
-    target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++-stress-tests sdbus-c++ Threads::Threads)
-endif()
-
-#----------------------------------
-# INSTALLATION
-#----------------------------------
-
-install(TARGETS libsdbus-c++_unittests DESTINATION /opt/test/bin)
-install(TARGETS libsdbus-c++_integrationtests DESTINATION /opt/test/bin)
-install(FILES ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/files/libsdbus-cpp-test.conf DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSCONFDIR}/dbus-1/system.d)
-
-if(ENABLE_PERFTESTS)
-    install(TARGETS libsdbus-c++_perftests_client DESTINATION /opt/test/bin)
-    install(TARGETS libsdbus-c++_perftests_server DESTINATION /opt/test/bin)
-    install(FILES perftests/files/org.sdbuscpp.perftest.conf DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSCONFDIR}/dbus-1/system.d)
-endif()
-
-if(ENABLE_STRESSTESTS)
-    install(TARGETS sdbus-c++-stress-tests DESTINATION /opt/test/bin)
-    install(FILES perftests/files/org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.conf DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_SYSCONFDIR}/dbus-1/system.d)
-endif()
-
-#----------------------------------
-# RUNNING THE TESTS UPON BUILD
-#----------------------------------
-
-if(CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
-    if(NOT DEFINED UNIT_TESTS_RUNNER)
-        set(UNIT_TESTS_RUNNER $ENV{UNIT_TESTS_RUNNER})
-    endif()
-    if(NOT DEFINED TEST_DEVICE_IP)
-        set(TEST_DEVICE_IP $ENV{TEST_DEVICE_IP})
-    endif()
-
-    if(NOT (UNIT_TESTS_RUNNER AND TEST_DEVICE_IP))
-        message(WARNING "UNIT_TESTS_RUNNER and TEST_DEVICE_IP variables must be defined to run tests remotely")
-    endif()
-    add_test(NAME libsdbus-c++_unittests COMMAND ${UNIT_TESTS_RUNNER} --deviceip=${TEST_DEVICE_IP} --testbin=libsdbus-c++_unittests)
-    add_test(NAME libsdbus-c++_integrationtests COMMAND ${UNIT_TESTS_RUNNER} --deviceip=${TEST_DEVICE_IP} --testbin=libsdbus-c++_integrationtests)
-else()
-    add_test(NAME libsdbus-c++_unittests COMMAND libsdbus-c++_unittests)
-    add_test(NAME libsdbus-c++_integrationtests COMMAND libsdbus-c++_integrationtests)
-endif() 

test/googletest-download/CMakeLists.txt.in

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-# Taken from https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/README.md#incorporating-into-an-existing-cmake-project
-
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.2)
-
-project(googletest-download NONE)
-
-include(ExternalProject)
-
-ExternalProject_Add(googletest
-    GIT_REPOSITORY    https://github.com/google/googletest.git
-    GIT_TAG           master
-    SOURCE_DIR        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-src"
-    BINARY_DIR        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build"
-    CONFIGURE_COMMAND ""
-    BUILD_COMMAND     ""
-    INSTALL_COMMAND   ""
-    TEST_COMMAND      "")

test/integrationtests/AdaptorAndProxy_test.cpp

@@ -1,428 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file AdaptorAndProxy_test.cpp
- *
- * Created on: Jan 2, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-// Own
-#include "Connection.h"
-#include "SdBus.h"
-
-#include "TestingAdaptor.h"
-#include "TestingProxy.h"
-
-// sdbus
-#include "sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h"
-
-// gmock
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <gmock/gmock.h>
-
-// STL
-#include <string>
-#include <thread>
-#include <tuple>
-#include <chrono>
-#include <fstream>
-#include <future>
-
-using ::testing::Eq;
-using ::testing::Gt;
-using ::testing::ElementsAre;
-using namespace std::chrono_literals;
-
-namespace
-{
-
-class AdaptorAndProxyFixture : public ::testing::Test
-{
-public:
-    static void SetUpTestCase()
-    {
-        s_connection->requestName(INTERFACE_NAME);
-        s_connection->enterProcessingLoopAsync();
-    }
-
-    static void TearDownTestCase()
-    {
-        s_connection->leaveProcessingLoop();
-        s_connection->releaseName(INTERFACE_NAME);
-    }
-
-private:
-    void SetUp() override
-    {
-        m_adaptor = std::make_unique<TestingAdaptor>(*s_connection);
-        m_proxy = std::make_unique<TestingProxy>(INTERFACE_NAME, OBJECT_PATH);
-        std::this_thread::sleep_for(50ms); // Give time for the proxy to start listening to signals
-    }
-
-    void TearDown() override
-    {
-        m_proxy.reset();
-        m_adaptor.reset();
-    }
-
-public:
-    static std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> s_connection;
-
-    std::unique_ptr<TestingAdaptor> m_adaptor;
-    std::unique_ptr<TestingProxy> m_proxy;
-};
-
-std::unique_ptr<sdbus::IConnection> AdaptorAndProxyFixture::s_connection = sdbus::createSystemBusConnection();
-}
-
-/*-------------------------------------*/
-/* --          TEST CASES           -- */
-/*-------------------------------------*/
-
-TEST(AdaptorAndProxy, CanBeConstructedSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto connection = sdbus::createConnection();
-    connection->requestName(INTERFACE_NAME);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(TestingAdaptor adaptor(*connection));
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(TestingProxy proxy(INTERFACE_NAME, OBJECT_PATH));
-
-    connection->releaseName(INTERFACE_NAME);
-}
-
-// Methods
-
-using SdbusTestObject = AdaptorAndProxyFixture;
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsEmptyMethodSuccesfully)
-{
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(m_proxy->noArgNoReturn());
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodsWithBaseTypesSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto resInt = m_proxy->getInt();
-    ASSERT_THAT(resInt, Eq(INT32_VALUE));
-
-    auto multiplyRes = m_proxy->multiply(INT64_VALUE, DOUBLE_VALUE);
-    ASSERT_THAT(multiplyRes, Eq(INT64_VALUE * DOUBLE_VALUE));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodsWithTuplesSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto resTuple = m_proxy->getTuple();
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<0>(resTuple), Eq(UINT32_VALUE));
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<1>(resTuple), Eq(STRING_VALUE));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodsWithStructSuccesfully)
-{
-    sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, int16_t, double, std::string, std::vector<int16_t>> a{};
-    auto vectorRes = m_proxy->getInts16FromStruct(a);
-    ASSERT_THAT(vectorRes, Eq(std::vector<int16_t>{0})); // because second item is by default initialized to 0
-
-
-    sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, int16_t, double, std::string, std::vector<int16_t>> b{
-        UINT8_VALUE, INT16_VALUE, DOUBLE_VALUE, STRING_VALUE, {INT16_VALUE, -INT16_VALUE}
-    };
-    vectorRes = m_proxy->getInts16FromStruct(b);
-    ASSERT_THAT(vectorRes, Eq(std::vector<int16_t>{INT16_VALUE, INT16_VALUE, -INT16_VALUE}));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodWithVariantSuccesfully)
-{
-    sdbus::Variant v{DOUBLE_VALUE};
-    auto variantRes = m_proxy->processVariant(v);
-    ASSERT_THAT(variantRes.get<int32_t>(), Eq(static_cast<int32_t>(DOUBLE_VALUE)));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodWithStructVariantsAndGetMapSuccesfully)
-{
-    std::vector<int32_t> x{-2, 0, 2};
-    sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Variant, sdbus::Variant> y{false, true};
-    auto mapOfVariants = m_proxy->getMapOfVariants(x, y);
-    decltype(mapOfVariants) res{{-2, false}, {0, false}, {2, true}};
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(mapOfVariants[-2].get<bool>(), Eq(res[-2].get<bool>()));
-    ASSERT_THAT(mapOfVariants[0].get<bool>(), Eq(res[0].get<bool>()));
-    ASSERT_THAT(mapOfVariants[2].get<bool>(), Eq(res[2].get<bool>()));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodWithStructInStructSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto val = m_proxy->getStructInStruct();
-    ASSERT_THAT(val.get<0>(), Eq(STRING_VALUE));
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<0>(std::get<1>(val))[INT32_VALUE], Eq(INT32_VALUE));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodWithTwoStructsSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto val = m_proxy->sumStructItems({1, 2}, {3, 4});
-    ASSERT_THAT(val, Eq(1 + 2 + 3 + 4));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodWithTwoVectorsSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto val = m_proxy->sumVectorItems({1, 7}, {2, 3});
-    ASSERT_THAT(val, Eq(1 + 7 + 2 + 3));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodWithSignatureSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto resSignature = m_proxy->getSignature();
-    ASSERT_THAT(resSignature, Eq(SIGNATURE_VALUE));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodWithObjectPathSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto resObjectPath = m_proxy->getObjectPath();
-    ASSERT_THAT(resObjectPath, Eq(OBJECT_PATH_VALUE));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodWithComplexTypeSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto resComplex = m_proxy->getComplex();
-    ASSERT_THAT(resComplex.count(0), Eq(1));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMultiplyMethodWithNoReplyFlag)
-{
-    m_proxy->multiplyWithNoReply(INT64_VALUE, DOUBLE_VALUE);
-
-    for (auto i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
-    {
-        if (m_adaptor->wasMultiplyCalled())
-            break;
-        std::this_thread::sleep_for(10ms);
-    }
-    ASSERT_TRUE(m_adaptor->wasMultiplyCalled());
-    ASSERT_THAT(m_adaptor->getMultiplyResult(), Eq(INT64_VALUE * DOUBLE_VALUE));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsMethodThatThrowsError)
-{
-    try
-    {
-        m_proxy->throwError();
-        FAIL() << "Expected sdbus::Error exception";
-    }
-    catch (const sdbus::Error& e)
-    {
-        ASSERT_THAT(e.getName(), Eq("org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied"));
-        ASSERT_THAT(e.getMessage(), Eq("A test error occurred (Operation not permitted)"));
-    }
-    catch(...)
-    {
-        FAIL() << "Expected sdbus::Error exception";
-    }
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CallsErrorThrowingMethodWithDontExpectReplySet)
-{
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(m_proxy->throwErrorWithNoReply());
-
-    for (auto i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
-    {
-        if (m_adaptor->wasThrowErrorCalled())
-            break;
-        std::this_thread::sleep_for(10ms);
-    }
-    ASSERT_TRUE(m_adaptor->wasThrowErrorCalled());
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, RunsServerSideAsynchoronousMethodAsynchronously)
-{
-    // Yeah, this is kinda timing-dependent test, but times should be safe...
-    std::mutex mtx;
-    std::vector<uint32_t> results;
-    std::atomic<bool> invoke{};
-    std::atomic<int> startedCount{};
-    auto call = [&](uint32_t param)
-    {
-        TestingProxy proxy{INTERFACE_NAME, OBJECT_PATH};
-        ++startedCount;
-        while (!invoke) ;
-        auto result = proxy.doOperationAsync(param);
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mtx);
-        results.push_back(result);
-    };
-
-    std::thread invocations[]{std::thread{call, 1500}, std::thread{call, 1000}, std::thread{call, 500}};
-    while (startedCount != 3) ;
-    invoke = true;
-    std::for_each(std::begin(invocations), std::end(invocations), [](auto& t){ t.join(); });
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(results, ElementsAre(500, 1000, 1500));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, HandlesCorrectlyABulkOfParallelServerSideAsyncMethods)
-{
-    std::atomic<size_t> resultCount{};
-    std::atomic<bool> invoke{};
-    std::atomic<int> startedCount{};
-    auto call = [&]()
-    {
-        TestingProxy proxy{INTERFACE_NAME, OBJECT_PATH};
-        ++startedCount;
-        while (!invoke) ;
-
-        size_t localResultCount{};
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < 500; ++i)
-        {
-            auto result = proxy.doOperationAsync(i % 2);
-            if (result == (i % 2)) // Correct return value?
-                localResultCount++;
-        }
-
-        resultCount += localResultCount;
-    };
-
-    std::thread invocations[]{std::thread{call}, std::thread{call}, std::thread{call}};
-    while (startedCount != 3) ;
-    invoke = true;
-    std::for_each(std::begin(invocations), std::end(invocations), [](auto& t){ t.join(); });
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(resultCount, Eq(1500));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, InvokesMethodAsynchronouslyOnClientSide)
-{
-    std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
-    auto future = promise.get_future();
-    m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t res, const sdbus::Error* err)
-    {
-        if (err == nullptr)
-            promise.set_value(res);
-        else
-            promise.set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(*err));
-    });
-
-    m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(100);
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(future.get(), Eq(100));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, InvokesErroneousMethodAsynchronouslyOnClientSide)
-{
-    std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
-    auto future = promise.get_future();
-    m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t res, const sdbus::Error* err)
-    {
-        if (err == nullptr)
-            promise.set_value(res);
-        else
-            promise.set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(*err));
-    });
-
-    m_proxy->doErroneousOperationClientSideAsync();
-
-    ASSERT_THROW(future.get(), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, FailsCallingNonexistentMethod)
-{
-    ASSERT_THROW(m_proxy->callNonexistentMethod(), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, FailsCallingMethodOnNonexistentInterface)
-{
-    ASSERT_THROW(m_proxy->callMethodOnNonexistentInterface(), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, FailsCallingMethodOnNonexistentDestination)
-{
-    TestingProxy proxy("sdbuscpp.destination.that.does.not.exist", OBJECT_PATH);
-    ASSERT_THROW(proxy.getInt(), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, FailsCallingMethodOnNonexistentObject)
-{
-    TestingProxy proxy(INTERFACE_NAME, "/sdbuscpp/path/that/does/not/exist");
-    ASSERT_THROW(proxy.getInt(), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-// Signals
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, EmitsSimpleSignalSuccesfully)
-{
-    auto count = m_proxy->getSimpleCallCount();
-    m_adaptor->simpleSignal();
-    usleep(10000);
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(m_proxy->getSimpleCallCount(), Eq(count + 1));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, EmitsSignalWithMapSuccesfully)
-{
-    m_adaptor->signalWithMap({{0, "zero"}, {1, "one"}});
-    usleep(10000);
-
-    auto map = m_proxy->getMap();
-    ASSERT_THAT(map[0], Eq("zero"));
-    ASSERT_THAT(map[1], Eq("one"));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, EmitsSignalWithVariantSuccesfully)
-{
-    double d = 3.14;
-    m_adaptor->signalWithVariant(3.14);
-    usleep(10000);
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(m_proxy->getVariantValue(), d);
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, EmitsSignalWithoutRegistrationSuccesfully)
-{
-    m_adaptor->signalWithoutRegistration({"platform", {"av"}});
-    usleep(10000);
-
-    auto signature = m_proxy->getSignatureFromSignal();
-    ASSERT_THAT(signature["platform"], Eq("av"));
-}
-
-// Properties
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, ReadsReadPropertySuccesfully)
-{
-    ASSERT_THAT(m_proxy->state(), Eq(STRING_VALUE));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, WritesAndReadsReadWritePropertySuccesfully)
-{
-    uint32_t x = 42;
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(m_proxy->action(x));
-    ASSERT_THAT(m_proxy->action(), Eq(x));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, WritesToWritePropertySuccesfully)
-{
-    auto x = true;
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(m_proxy->blocking(x));
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, CannotReadFromWriteProperty)
-{
-    ASSERT_THROW(m_proxy->blocking(), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST_F(SdbusTestObject, AnswersXmlApiDescriptionOnIntrospection)
-{
-    ASSERT_THAT(m_proxy->Introspect(), Eq(m_adaptor->getExpectedXmlApiDescription()));
-}

test/integrationtests/Connection_test.cpp

@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file Connection_test.cpp
- *
- * Created on: Jan 2, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-// Own
-#include "defs.h"
-
-// sdbus
-#include <sdbus-c++/Error.h>
-#include <sdbus-c++/IConnection.h>
-
-// gmock
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <gmock/gmock.h>
-
-// STL
-#include <thread>
-
-using ::testing::Eq;
-
-
-/*-------------------------------------*/
-/* --          TEST CASES           -- */
-/*-------------------------------------*/
-
-TEST(Connection, CanBeDefaultConstructed)
-{
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sdbus::createConnection());
-}
-
-TEST(Connection, CanRequestRegisteredDbusName)
-{
-    auto connection = sdbus::createConnection();
-
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(connection->requestName(INTERFACE_NAME));
-    connection->releaseName(INTERFACE_NAME);
-}
-
-TEST(Connection, CannotRequestNonregisteredDbusName)
-{
-    auto connection = sdbus::createConnection();
-    ASSERT_THROW(connection->requestName("some.random.not.supported.dbus.name"), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST(Connection, CanReleasedRequestedName)
-{
-    auto connection = sdbus::createConnection();
-
-    connection->requestName(INTERFACE_NAME);
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(connection->releaseName(INTERFACE_NAME));
-}
-
-TEST(Connection, CannotReleaseNonrequestedName)
-{
-    auto connection = sdbus::createConnection();
-    ASSERT_THROW(connection->releaseName("some.random.nonrequested.name"), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST(Connection, CanEnterAndLeaveProcessingLoop)
-{
-    auto connection = sdbus::createConnection();
-    connection->requestName(INTERFACE_NAME);
-
-    std::thread t([&](){ connection->enterProcessingLoop(); });
-    connection->leaveProcessingLoop();
-
-    t.join();
-
-    connection->releaseName(INTERFACE_NAME);
-}

test/integrationtests/TestingAdaptor.h

@@ -1,192 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file TestingAdaptor.h
- *
- * Created on: Jan 2, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_TESTINGADAPTOR_H_
-#define SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_TESTINGADAPTOR_H_
-
-#include "adaptor-glue.h"
-#include <thread>
-#include <chrono>
-#include <atomic>
-
-class TestingAdaptor : public sdbus::Interfaces<testing_adaptor>
-{
-public:
-    TestingAdaptor(sdbus::IConnection& connection) :
-        sdbus::Interfaces<::testing_adaptor>(connection, OBJECT_PATH) { }
-
-    virtual ~TestingAdaptor() { }
-
-    bool wasMultiplyCalled() const { return m_multiplyCalled; }
-    double getMultiplyResult() const { return m_multiplyResult; }
-    bool wasThrowErrorCalled() const { return m_throwErrorCalled; }
-
-protected:
-
-    void noArgNoReturn() const {}
-
-    int32_t getInt() const { return INT32_VALUE; }
-
-    std::tuple<uint32_t, std::string> getTuple() const { return std::make_tuple(UINT32_VALUE, STRING_VALUE); }
-
-    double multiply(const int64_t& a, const double& b) const { return a * b; }
-
-    void multiplyWithNoReply(const int64_t& a, const double& b) const
-    {
-        m_multiplyResult = a * b;
-        m_multiplyCalled = true;
-    }
-
-    std::vector<int16_t> getInts16FromStruct(const sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, int16_t, double, std::string, std::vector<int16_t>>& x) const
-    {
-        std::vector<int16_t> res{x.get<1>()};
-        auto y = std::get<std::vector<int16_t>>(x);
-        res.insert(res.end(), y.begin(), y.end());
-        return res;
-    }
-
-    sdbus::Variant processVariant(sdbus::Variant& v)
-    {
-        sdbus::Variant res = static_cast<int32_t>(v.get<double>());
-        return res;
-    }
-
-    std::map<int32_t, sdbus::Variant> getMapOfVariants(const std::vector<int32_t>& x, const sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Variant, sdbus::Variant>& y) const
-    {
-        std::map<int32_t, sdbus::Variant> res;
-        for (auto item : x)
-        {
-            res[item] = (item <= 0) ? std::get<0>(y) : std::get<1>(y);
-        }
-        return res;
-    }
-
-    sdbus::Struct<std::string, sdbus::Struct<std::map<int32_t, int32_t>>> getStructInStruct() const
-    {
-        return sdbus::make_struct(STRING_VALUE, sdbus::make_struct(std::map<int32_t, int32_t>{{INT32_VALUE, INT32_VALUE}}));
-    }
-
-    int32_t sumStructItems(const sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, uint16_t>& a, const sdbus::Struct<int32_t, int64_t>& b)
-    {
-        int32_t res{0};
-        res += std::get<0>(a) + std::get<1>(a);
-        res += std::get<0>(b) + std::get<1>(b);
-        return res;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t sumVectorItems(const std::vector<uint16_t>& a, const std::vector<uint64_t>& b)
-    {
-        uint32_t res{0};
-        for (auto x : a)
-        {
-            res += x;
-        }
-        for (auto x : b)
-        {
-            res += x;
-        }
-        return res;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t doOperation(uint32_t param)
-    {
-        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(param));
-        return param;
-    }
-
-    void doOperationAsync(uint32_t param, sdbus::Result<uint32_t> result)
-    {
-        if (param == 0)
-        {
-            // Don't sleep and return the result from this thread
-            result.returnResults(param);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            // Process asynchronously in another thread and return the result from there
-            std::thread([param, result = std::move(result)]()
-            {
-                std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(param));
-                result.returnResults(param);
-            }).detach();
-        }
-    }
-
-    sdbus::Signature getSignature() const { return SIGNATURE_VALUE; }
-    sdbus::ObjectPath getObjectPath() const { return OBJECT_PATH_VALUE; }
-
-    ComplexType getComplex() const
-    {
-        return { // map
-            {
-                0,  // uint_64_t
-                {   // struct
-                    {   // map
-                        {
-                            'a',  // uint8_t
-                            {   // vector
-                                {   // struct
-                                        "/object/path", // object path
-                                        false,
-                                        3.14,
-                                        {   // map
-                                            {0, "zero"}
-                                        }
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "a{t(a{ya(obva{is})}gs)}", // signature
-                    ""
-                }
-            }
-        };
-    }
-
-    void throwError() const
-    {
-        m_throwErrorCalled = true;
-        throw sdbus::createError(1, "A test error occurred");
-    }
-
-    std::string state() { return STRING_VALUE; }
-    uint32_t action() { return m_action; }
-    void action(const uint32_t& value) { m_action = value; }
-    bool blocking() { return m_blocking; }
-    void blocking(const bool& value) { m_blocking = value; }
-
-private:
-    uint32_t m_action;
-    bool m_blocking;
-
-    // For dont-expect-reply method call verifications
-    mutable std::atomic<bool> m_multiplyCalled{};
-    mutable double m_multiplyResult{};
-    mutable std::atomic<bool> m_throwErrorCalled{};
-};
-
-
-
-#endif /* INTEGRATIONTESTS_TESTINGADAPTOR_H_ */

test/integrationtests/TestingProxy.h

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file TestingProxy.h
- *
- * Created on: Jan 2, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_TESTINGPROXY_H_
-#define SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_TESTINGPROXY_H_
-
-#include "proxy-glue.h"
-
-class TestingProxy : public sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<::testing_proxy, sdbus::introspectable_proxy>
-{
-public:
-    using sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<::testing_proxy, sdbus::introspectable_proxy>::ProxyInterfaces;
-
-    int getSimpleCallCount() const { return m_simpleCallCounter; }
-    std::map<int32_t, std::string> getMap() const { return m_map; }
-    double getVariantValue() const { return m_variantValue; }
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> getSignatureFromSignal() const { return m_signature; }
-
-    void installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler(std::function<void(uint32_t res, const sdbus::Error* err)> handler)
-    {
-        m_DoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler = handler;
-    }
-
-protected:
-    void onSimpleSignal() override { ++m_simpleCallCounter; }
-
-    void onSignalWithMap(const std::map<int32_t, std::string>& m) override { m_map = m; }
-
-    void onSignalWithVariant(const sdbus::Variant& v) override
-    {
-        m_variantValue = v.get<double>();
-    }
-
-    void onSignalWithoutRegistration(const sdbus::Struct<std::string, sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Signature>>& s) override
-    {
-        m_signature[std::get<0>(s)] = static_cast<std::string>(std::get<0>(std::get<1>(s)));
-    }
-
-    void onDoOperationReply(uint32_t returnValue, const sdbus::Error* error) override
-    {
-        if (m_DoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler)
-            m_DoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler(returnValue, error);
-    }
-
-private:
-    int m_simpleCallCounter{};
-    std::map<int32_t, std::string> m_map;
-    double m_variantValue;
-    std::map<std::string, std::string> m_signature;
-
-    std::function<void(uint32_t res, const sdbus::Error* err)> m_DoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler;
-};
-
-
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_TESTINGPROXY_H_ */

test/integrationtests/adaptor-glue.h

@@ -1,314 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file adaptor-glue.h
- *
- * Created on: Jan 2, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_ADAPTOR_GLUE_H_
-#define SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_ADAPTOR_GLUE_H_
-
-#include "defs.h"
-
-// sdbus
-#include "sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h"
-
-using ComplexType = std::map<
-                        uint64_t,
-                        sdbus::Struct<
-                            std::map<
-                                uint8_t,
-                                std::vector<
-                                    sdbus::Struct<
-                                        sdbus::ObjectPath,
-                                        bool,
-                                        sdbus::Variant,
-                                        std::map<int, std::string>
-                                    >
-                                >
-                            >,
-                            sdbus::Signature,
-                            std::string // char* leads to type and memory issues, std::string is best choice
-                        >
-                    >;
-
-class testing_adaptor
-{
-
-protected:
-    testing_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object) :
-        object_(object)
-    {
-        object_.setInterfaceFlags(INTERFACE_NAME).markAsDeprecated().withPropertyUpdateBehavior(sdbus::Flags::EMITS_NO_SIGNAL);
-
-        object_.registerMethod("noArgNoReturn").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ return this->noArgNoReturn(); });
-        object_.registerMethod("getInt").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ return this->getInt(); });
-        object_.registerMethod("getTuple").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ return this->getTuple(); });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("multiply").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](const int64_t& a, const double& b){ return this->multiply(a, b); });
-        object_.registerMethod("multiplyWithNoReply").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](const int64_t& a, const double& b){ this->multiplyWithNoReply(a, b); }).markAsDeprecated().withNoReply();
-        object_.registerMethod("getInts16FromStruct").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](
-                const sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, int16_t, double, std::string, std::vector<int16_t>>& x){ return this->getInts16FromStruct(x); });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("processVariant").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](sdbus::Variant& v){ return this->processVariant(v); });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("getMapOfVariants").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](
-                const std::vector<int32_t>& x, const sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Variant, sdbus::Variant>& y){ return this->getMapOfVariants(x ,y); });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("getStructInStruct").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ return this->getStructInStruct(); });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("sumStructItems").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](
-                const sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, uint16_t>& a, const sdbus::Struct<int32_t, int64_t>& b){
-            return this->sumStructItems(a, b);
-        });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("sumVectorItems").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](
-                const std::vector<uint16_t>& a, const std::vector<uint64_t>& b){
-            return this->sumVectorItems(a, b);
-        });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("doOperation").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](uint32_t param)
-        {
-            return this->doOperation(param);
-        });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("doOperationAsync").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](sdbus::Result<uint32_t> result, uint32_t param)
-        {
-            this->doOperationAsync(param, std::move(result));
-        });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("getSignature").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ return this->getSignature(); });
-        object_.registerMethod("getObjectPath").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ return this->getObjectPath(); });
-
-        object_.registerMethod("getComplex").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ return this->getComplex(); }).markAsDeprecated();
-
-        object_.registerMethod("throwError").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ return this->throwError(); });
-        object_.registerMethod("throwErrorWithNoReply").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([this](){ this->throwError(); }).withNoReply();
-
-        object_.registerMethod("doPrivilegedStuff").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).implementedAs([](){}).markAsPrivileged();
-
-        // registration of signals is optional, it is useful because of introspection
-        object_.registerSignal("simpleSignal").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).markAsDeprecated();
-        object_.registerSignal("signalWithMap").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withParameters<std::map<int32_t, std::string>>();
-        object_.registerSignal("signalWithVariant").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withParameters<sdbus::Variant>();
-
-        object_.registerProperty("state").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withGetter([this](){ return this->state(); }).markAsDeprecated().withUpdateBehavior(sdbus::Flags::CONST_PROPERTY_VALUE);
-        object_.registerProperty("action").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withGetter([this](){ return this->action(); }).withSetter([this](const uint32_t& value){ this->action(value); }).withUpdateBehavior(sdbus::Flags::EMITS_NO_SIGNAL);
-        object_.registerProperty("blocking").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME)./*withGetter([this](){ return this->blocking(); }).*/withSetter([this](const bool& value){ this->blocking(value); });
-
-    }
-
-public:
-    void simpleSignal()
-    {
-        object_.emitSignal("simpleSignal").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME);
-    }
-
-    void signalWithMap(const std::map<int32_t, std::string>& map)
-    {
-        object_.emitSignal("signalWithMap").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(map);
-    }
-
-    void signalWithVariant(const sdbus::Variant& v)
-    {
-        object_.emitSignal("signalWithVariant").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(v);
-    }
-
-    void signalWithoutRegistration(const sdbus::Struct<std::string, sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Signature>>& s)
-    {
-        object_.emitSignal("signalWithoutRegistration").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(s);
-    }
-
-    void emitSignalOnNonexistentInterface()
-    {
-        object_.emitSignal("simpleSignal").onInterface("sdbuscpp.interface.that.does.not.exist");
-    }
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObject& object_;
-
-protected:
-
-    virtual void noArgNoReturn() const  = 0;
-    virtual int32_t getInt() const = 0;
-    virtual std::tuple<uint32_t, std::string> getTuple() const = 0;
-    virtual double multiply(const int64_t& a, const double& b) const = 0;
-    virtual void multiplyWithNoReply(const int64_t& a, const double& b) const = 0;
-    virtual std::vector<int16_t> getInts16FromStruct(const sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, int16_t, double, std::string, std::vector<int16_t>>& x) const = 0;
-    virtual sdbus::Variant processVariant(sdbus::Variant& v) = 0;
-    virtual std::map<int32_t, sdbus::Variant> getMapOfVariants(const std::vector<int32_t>& x, const sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Variant, sdbus::Variant>& y) const = 0;
-    virtual sdbus::Struct<std::string, sdbus::Struct<std::map<int32_t, int32_t>>> getStructInStruct() const = 0;
-    virtual int32_t sumStructItems(const sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, uint16_t>& a, const sdbus::Struct<int32_t, int64_t>& b) = 0;
-    virtual uint32_t sumVectorItems(const std::vector<uint16_t>& a, const std::vector<uint64_t>& b) = 0;
-    virtual uint32_t doOperation(uint32_t param) = 0;
-    virtual void doOperationAsync(uint32_t param, sdbus::Result<uint32_t> result) = 0;
-    virtual sdbus::Signature getSignature() const  = 0;
-    virtual sdbus::ObjectPath getObjectPath() const = 0;
-    virtual ComplexType getComplex() const = 0;
-    virtual void throwError() const = 0;
-
-    virtual std::string state() = 0;
-    virtual uint32_t action() = 0;
-    virtual void action(const uint32_t& value) = 0;
-    virtual bool blocking() = 0;
-    virtual void blocking(const bool& value) = 0;
-
-public: // For testing purposes
-    std::string getExpectedXmlApiDescription()
-    {
-        return
-R"delimiter(<!DOCTYPE node PUBLIC "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Object Introspection 1.0//EN"
-"http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/introspect.dtd">
-<node>
- <interface name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Peer">
-  <method name="Ping"/>
-  <method name="GetMachineId">
-   <arg type="s" name="machine_uuid" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
- </interface>
- <interface name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable">
-  <method name="Introspect">
-   <arg name="data" type="s" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
- </interface>
- <interface name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties">
-  <method name="Get">
-   <arg name="interface" direction="in" type="s"/>
-   <arg name="property" direction="in" type="s"/>
-   <arg name="value" direction="out" type="v"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="GetAll">
-   <arg name="interface" direction="in" type="s"/>
-   <arg name="properties" direction="out" type="a{sv}"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="Set">
-   <arg name="interface" direction="in" type="s"/>
-   <arg name="property" direction="in" type="s"/>
-   <arg name="value" direction="in" type="v"/>
-  </method>
-  <signal name="PropertiesChanged">
-   <arg type="s" name="interface"/>
-   <arg type="a{sv}" name="changed_properties"/>
-   <arg type="as" name="invalidated_properties"/>
-  </signal>
- </interface>
- <interface name="com.kistler.testsdbuscpp">
-  <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Deprecated" value="true"/>
-  <method name="doOperation">
-   <arg type="u" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="u" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="doOperationAsync">
-   <arg type="u" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="u" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="doPrivilegedStuff">
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.systemd1.Privileged" value="true"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="getComplex">
-   <arg type="a{t(a{ya(obva{is})}gs)}" direction="out"/>
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Deprecated" value="true"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="getInt">
-   <arg type="i" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="getInts16FromStruct">
-   <arg type="(yndsan)" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="an" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="getMapOfVariants">
-   <arg type="ai" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="(vv)" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="a{iv}" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="getObjectPath">
-   <arg type="o" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="getSignature">
-   <arg type="g" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="getStructInStruct">
-   <arg type="(s(a{ii}))" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="getTuple">
-   <arg type="u" direction="out"/>
-   <arg type="s" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="multiply">
-   <arg type="x" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="d" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="d" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="multiplyWithNoReply">
-   <arg type="x" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="d" direction="in"/>
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Deprecated" value="true"/>
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Method.NoReply" value="true"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="noArgNoReturn">
-  </method>
-  <method name="processVariant">
-   <arg type="v" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="v" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="sumStructItems">
-   <arg type="(yq)" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="(ix)" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="i" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="sumVectorItems">
-   <arg type="aq" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="at" direction="in"/>
-   <arg type="u" direction="out"/>
-  </method>
-  <method name="throwError">
-  </method>
-  <method name="throwErrorWithNoReply">
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Method.NoReply" value="true"/>
-  </method>
-  <signal name="signalWithMap">
-   <arg type="a{is}"/>
-  </signal>
-  <signal name="signalWithVariant">
-   <arg type="v"/>
-  </signal>
-  <signal name="simpleSignal">
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Deprecated" value="true"/>
-  </signal>
-  <property name="action" type="u" access="readwrite">
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Property.EmitsChangedSignal" value="false"/>
-  </property>
-  <property name="blocking" type="b" access="readwrite">
-  </property>
-  <property name="state" type="s" access="read">
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Deprecated" value="true"/>
-   <annotation name="org.freedesktop.DBus.Property.EmitsChangedSignal" value="const"/>
-  </property>
- </interface>
-</node>
-)delimiter";
-    }
-
-};
-
-
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_ADAPTOR_GLUE_H_ */

test/integrationtests/defs.h

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file defs.h
- *
- * Created on: Jan 2, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_DEFS_H_
-#define SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_DEFS_H_
-
-#include "sdbus-c++/Types.h"
-
-const std::string INTERFACE_NAME{"com.kistler.testsdbuscpp"};
-const std::string OBJECT_PATH{"/"};
-
-constexpr const uint8_t UINT8_VALUE{1};
-constexpr const int16_t INT16_VALUE{21};
-constexpr const uint32_t UINT32_VALUE{42};
-constexpr const int32_t INT32_VALUE{-42};
-constexpr const int32_t INT64_VALUE{-1024};
-
-const std::string STRING_VALUE{"sdbus-c++-testing"};
-const sdbus::Signature SIGNATURE_VALUE{"a{is}"};
-const sdbus::ObjectPath OBJECT_PATH_VALUE{"/"};
-
-constexpr const double DOUBLE_VALUE{3.24L};
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_DEFS_H_ */

test/integrationtests/proxy-glue.h

@@ -1,239 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file proxy-glue.h
- *
- * Created on: Jan 2, 2017
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#ifndef SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_PROXY_GLUE_H_
-#define SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_PROXY_GLUE_H_
-
-#include "defs.h"
-
-// sdbus
-#include "sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h"
-
-class testing_proxy
-{
-protected:
-    testing_proxy(sdbus::IObjectProxy& object) :
-        object_(object)
-    {
-        object_.uponSignal("simpleSignal").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).call([this](){ this->onSimpleSignal(); });
-        object_.uponSignal("signalWithMap").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).call([this](const std::map<int32_t, std::string>& map){ this->onSignalWithMap(map); });
-        object_.uponSignal("signalWithVariant").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).call([this](const sdbus::Variant& v){ this->onSignalWithVariant(v); });
-
-        object_.uponSignal("signalWithoutRegistration").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).call([this](const sdbus::Struct<std::string, sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Signature>>& s)
-                { this->onSignalWithoutRegistration(s); });
-    }
-
-    virtual void onSimpleSignal() = 0;
-    virtual void onSignalWithMap(const std::map<int32_t, std::string>& map) = 0;
-    virtual void onSignalWithVariant(const sdbus::Variant& v) = 0;
-    virtual void onSignalWithoutRegistration(const sdbus::Struct<std::string, sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Signature>>& s) = 0;
-
-    virtual void onDoOperationReply(uint32_t returnValue, const sdbus::Error* error) = 0;
-
-public:
-    void noArgNoReturn()
-    {
-        object_.callMethod("noArgNoReturn").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME);
-    }
-
-    int32_t getInt()
-    {
-        int32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("getInt").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    std::tuple<uint32_t, std::string> getTuple()
-    {
-        std::tuple<uint32_t, std::string> result;
-        object_.callMethod("getTuple").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    double multiply(const int64_t& a, const double& b)
-    {
-        double result;
-        object_.callMethod("multiply").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(a, b).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    void multiplyWithNoReply(const int64_t& a, const double& b)
-    {
-        object_.callMethod("multiplyWithNoReply").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(a, b).dontExpectReply();
-    }
-
-    std::vector<int16_t> getInts16FromStruct(const sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, int16_t, double, std::string, std::vector<int16_t>>& x)
-    {
-        std::vector<int16_t> result;
-        object_.callMethod("getInts16FromStruct").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(x).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-     }
-
-    sdbus::Variant processVariant(const sdbus::Variant& v)
-    {
-        sdbus::Variant result;
-        object_.callMethod("processVariant").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(v).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    std::map<int32_t, sdbus::Variant> getMapOfVariants(const std::vector<int32_t>& x, const sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Variant, sdbus::Variant>& y)
-    {
-        std::map<int32_t, sdbus::Variant> result;
-        object_.callMethod("getMapOfVariants").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(x, y).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    sdbus::Struct<std::string, sdbus::Struct<std::map<int32_t, int32_t>>> getStructInStruct()
-    {
-        sdbus::Struct<std::string, sdbus::Struct<std::map<int32_t, int32_t>>> result;
-        object_.callMethod("getStructInStruct").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments().storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    int32_t sumStructItems(const sdbus::Struct<uint8_t, uint16_t>& a, const sdbus::Struct<int32_t, int64_t>& b)
-    {
-        int32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("sumStructItems").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(a, b).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t sumVectorItems(const std::vector<uint16_t>& a, const std::vector<uint64_t>& b)
-    {
-        uint32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("sumVectorItems").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(a, b).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t doOperation(uint32_t param)
-    {
-        uint32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("doOperation").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(param).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t doOperationAsync(uint32_t param)
-    {
-        uint32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("doOperationAsync").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).withArguments(param).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t doOperationClientSideAsync(uint32_t param)
-    {
-        object_.callMethodAsync("doOperation")
-               .onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME)
-               .withArguments(param)
-               .uponReplyInvoke([this](const sdbus::Error* error, uint32_t returnValue)
-        {
-            this->onDoOperationReply(returnValue, error);
-        });
-    }
-
-    uint32_t doErroneousOperationClientSideAsync()
-    {
-        object_.callMethodAsync("throwError").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).uponReplyInvoke([this](const sdbus::Error* error)
-        {
-            this->onDoOperationReply(0, error);
-        });
-    }
-
-    sdbus::Signature getSignature()
-    {
-        sdbus::Signature result;
-        object_.callMethod("getSignature").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    sdbus::ObjectPath getObjectPath()
-    {
-        sdbus::ObjectPath result;
-        object_.callMethod("getObjectPath").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    ComplexType getComplex()
-    {
-        ComplexType result;
-        object_.callMethod("getComplex").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    void throwError()
-    {
-        object_.callMethod("throwError").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME);
-    }
-
-    void throwErrorWithNoReply()
-    {
-        object_.callMethod("throwErrorWithNoReply").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).dontExpectReply();
-    }
-
-    int32_t callNonexistentMethod()
-    {
-        int32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("callNonexistentMethod").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    int32_t callMethodOnNonexistentInterface()
-    {
-        int32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("someMethod").onInterface("sdbuscpp.interface.that.does.not.exist").storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    std::string state()
-    {
-        return object_.getProperty("state").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME);
-    }
-
-    uint32_t action()
-    {
-        return object_.getProperty("action").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME);
-    }
-
-    void action(const uint32_t& value)
-    {
-        object_.setProperty("action").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).toValue(value);
-    }
-
-    bool blocking()
-    {
-        return object_.getProperty("blocking").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME);
-    }
-
-    void blocking(const bool& value)
-    {
-        object_.setProperty("blocking").onInterface(INTERFACE_NAME).toValue(value);
-    }
-
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObjectProxy& object_;
-
-};
-
-
-#endif /* SDBUS_CPP_INTEGRATIONTESTS_PROXY_GLUE_H_ */

test/perftests/perftest-adaptor.h

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * This file was automatically generated by sdbuscpp-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
- */
-
-#ifndef __sdbuscpp__perftest_adaptor_h__adaptor__H__
-#define __sdbuscpp__perftest_adaptor_h__adaptor__H__
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-
-namespace org {
-namespace sdbuscpp {
-
-class perftest_adaptor
-{
-public:
-    static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.sdbuscpp.perftest";
-
-protected:
-    perftest_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object)
-        : object_(object)
-    {
-        object_.registerMethod("sendDataSignals").onInterface(interfaceName).implementedAs([this](const uint32_t& numberOfSignals, const uint32_t& signalMsgSize){ return this->sendDataSignals(numberOfSignals, signalMsgSize); });
-        object_.registerMethod("concatenateTwoStrings").onInterface(interfaceName).implementedAs([this](const std::string& string1, const std::string& string2){ return this->concatenateTwoStrings(string1, string2); });
-        object_.registerSignal("dataSignal").onInterface(interfaceName).withParameters<std::string>();
-    }
-
-public:
-    void dataSignal(const std::string& data)
-    {
-        object_.emitSignal("dataSignal").onInterface(interfaceName).withArguments(data);
-    }
-
-private:
-    virtual void sendDataSignals(const uint32_t& numberOfSignals, const uint32_t& signalMsgSize) = 0;
-    virtual std::string concatenateTwoStrings(const std::string& string1, const std::string& string2) = 0;
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObject& object_;
-};
-
-}} // namespaces
-
-#endif

test/perftests/perftest-proxy.h

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * This file was automatically generated by sdbuscpp-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
- */
-
-#ifndef __sdbuscpp__perftest_proxy_h__proxy__H__
-#define __sdbuscpp__perftest_proxy_h__proxy__H__
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-
-namespace org {
-namespace sdbuscpp {
-
-class perftest_proxy
-{
-public:
-    static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.sdbuscpp.perftest";
-
-protected:
-    perftest_proxy(sdbus::IObjectProxy& object)
-        : object_(object)
-    {
-        object_.uponSignal("dataSignal").onInterface(interfaceName).call([this](const std::string& data){ this->onDataSignal(data); });
-    }
-
-    virtual void onDataSignal(const std::string& data) = 0;
-
-public:
-    void sendDataSignals(const uint32_t& numberOfSignals, const uint32_t& signalMsgSize)
-    {
-        object_.callMethod("sendDataSignals").onInterface(interfaceName).withArguments(numberOfSignals, signalMsgSize);
-    }
-
-    std::string concatenateTwoStrings(const std::string& string1, const std::string& string2)
-    {
-        std::string result;
-        object_.callMethod("concatenateTwoStrings").onInterface(interfaceName).withArguments(string1, string2).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObjectProxy& object_;
-};
-
-}} // namespaces
-
-#endif

test/stresstests/celsius-thermometer-adaptor.h

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * This file was automatically generated by sdbuscpp-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
- */
-
-#ifndef __sdbuscpp__celsius_thermometer_adaptor_h__adaptor__H__
-#define __sdbuscpp__celsius_thermometer_adaptor_h__adaptor__H__
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-
-namespace org {
-namespace sdbuscpp {
-namespace stresstest {
-namespace celsius {
-
-class thermometer_adaptor
-{
-public:
-    static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.celsius.thermometer";
-
-protected:
-    thermometer_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object)
-        : object_(object)
-    {
-        object_.registerMethod("getCurrentTemperature").onInterface(interfaceName).implementedAs([this](){ return this->getCurrentTemperature(); });
-    }
-
-private:
-    virtual uint32_t getCurrentTemperature() = 0;
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObject& object_;
-};
-
-}}}} // namespaces
-
-#endif

test/stresstests/celsius-thermometer-proxy.h

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * This file was automatically generated by sdbuscpp-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
- */
-
-#ifndef __sdbuscpp__celsius_thermometer_proxy_h__proxy__H__
-#define __sdbuscpp__celsius_thermometer_proxy_h__proxy__H__
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-
-namespace org {
-namespace sdbuscpp {
-namespace stresstest {
-namespace celsius {
-
-class thermometer_proxy
-{
-public:
-    static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.celsius.thermometer";
-
-protected:
-    thermometer_proxy(sdbus::IObjectProxy& object)
-        : object_(object)
-    {
-    }
-
-public:
-    uint32_t getCurrentTemperature()
-    {
-        uint32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("getCurrentTemperature").onInterface(interfaceName).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObjectProxy& object_;
-};
-
-}}}} // namespaces
-
-#endif

test/stresstests/concatenator-adaptor.h

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * This file was automatically generated by sdbuscpp-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
- */
-
-#ifndef __sdbuscpp__concatenator_adaptor_h__adaptor__H__
-#define __sdbuscpp__concatenator_adaptor_h__adaptor__H__
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-
-namespace org {
-namespace sdbuscpp {
-namespace stresstest {
-
-class concatenator_adaptor
-{
-public:
-    static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.concatenator";
-
-protected:
-    concatenator_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object)
-        : object_(object)
-    {
-        object_.registerMethod("concatenate").onInterface(interfaceName).implementedAs([this](sdbus::Result<std::string>&& result, std::map<std::string, sdbus::Variant> params){ this->concatenate(std::move(result), std::move(params)); });
-        object_.registerSignal("concatenatedSignal").onInterface(interfaceName).withParameters<std::string>();
-    }
-
-public:
-    void concatenatedSignal(const std::string& concatenatedString)
-    {
-        object_.emitSignal("concatenatedSignal").onInterface(interfaceName).withArguments(concatenatedString);
-    }
-
-private:
-    virtual void concatenate(sdbus::Result<std::string>&& result, std::map<std::string, sdbus::Variant> params) = 0;
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObject& object_;
-};
-
-}}} // namespaces
-
-#endif

test/stresstests/concatenator-proxy.h

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * This file was automatically generated by sdbuscpp-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
- */
-
-#ifndef __sdbuscpp__concatenator_proxy_h__proxy__H__
-#define __sdbuscpp__concatenator_proxy_h__proxy__H__
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-
-namespace org {
-namespace sdbuscpp {
-namespace stresstest {
-
-class concatenator_proxy
-{
-public:
-    static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.concatenator";
-
-protected:
-    concatenator_proxy(sdbus::IObjectProxy& object)
-        : object_(object)
-    {
-        object_.uponSignal("concatenatedSignal").onInterface(interfaceName).call([this](const std::string& concatenatedString){ this->onConcatenatedSignal(concatenatedString); });
-    }
-
-    virtual void onConcatenatedSignal(const std::string& concatenatedString) = 0;
-
-    virtual void onConcatenateReply(const std::string& result, const sdbus::Error* error) = 0;
-
-public:
-    void concatenate(const std::map<std::string, sdbus::Variant>& params)
-    {
-        object_.callMethodAsync("concatenate").onInterface(interfaceName).withArguments(params).uponReplyInvoke([this](const sdbus::Error* error, const std::string& result){ this->onConcatenateReply(result, error); });
-    }
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObjectProxy& object_;
-};
-
-}}} // namespaces
-
-#endif

test/stresstests/fahrenheit-thermometer-adaptor.h

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * This file was automatically generated by sdbuscpp-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
- */
-
-#ifndef __sdbuscpp__fahrenheit_thermometer_adaptor_h__adaptor__H__
-#define __sdbuscpp__fahrenheit_thermometer_adaptor_h__adaptor__H__
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-
-namespace org {
-namespace sdbuscpp {
-namespace stresstest {
-namespace fahrenheit {
-
-class thermometer_adaptor
-{
-public:
-    static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.fahrenheit.thermometer";
-
-protected:
-    thermometer_adaptor(sdbus::IObject& object)
-        : object_(object)
-    {
-        object_.registerMethod("getCurrentTemperature").onInterface(interfaceName).implementedAs([this](){ return this->getCurrentTemperature(); });
-    }
-
-private:
-    virtual uint32_t getCurrentTemperature() = 0;
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObject& object_;
-};
-
-}}}} // namespaces
-
-#endif

test/stresstests/fahrenheit-thermometer-proxy.h

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-
-/*
- * This file was automatically generated by sdbuscpp-xml2cpp; DO NOT EDIT!
- */
-
-#ifndef __sdbuscpp__fahrenheit_thermometer_proxy_h__proxy__H__
-#define __sdbuscpp__fahrenheit_thermometer_proxy_h__proxy__H__
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <string>
-#include <tuple>
-
-namespace org {
-namespace sdbuscpp {
-namespace stresstest {
-namespace fahrenheit {
-
-class thermometer_proxy
-{
-public:
-    static constexpr const char* interfaceName = "org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.fahrenheit.thermometer";
-
-protected:
-    thermometer_proxy(sdbus::IObjectProxy& object)
-        : object_(object)
-    {
-    }
-
-public:
-    uint32_t getCurrentTemperature()
-    {
-        uint32_t result;
-        object_.callMethod("getCurrentTemperature").onInterface(interfaceName).storeResultsTo(result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-private:
-    sdbus::IObjectProxy& object_;
-};
-
-}}}} // namespaces
-
-#endif

test/stresstests/org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.fahrenheit.thermometer.xml

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-
-<node name="/org/sdbuscpp/stresstest/fahrenheit/thermometer">
-    <interface name="org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.fahrenheit.thermometer">
-        <method name="getCurrentTemperature">
-            <arg type="u" name="result" direction="out" />
-        </method>
-    </interface>
-</node>

test/stresstests/stresstests.cpp

@@ -1,322 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2019 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file stresstests.cpp
- *
- * Created on: Jan 25, 2019
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include "celsius-thermometer-adaptor.h"
-#include "celsius-thermometer-proxy.h"
-#include "fahrenheit-thermometer-adaptor.h"
-#include "fahrenheit-thermometer-proxy.h"
-#include "concatenator-adaptor.h"
-#include "concatenator-proxy.h"
-#include <sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h>
-#include <vector>
-#include <string>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <thread>
-#include <chrono>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <atomic>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <mutex>
-#include <condition_variable>
-#include <queue>
-
-using namespace std::chrono_literals;
-using namespace std::string_literals;
-
-#define SERVICE_1_BUS_NAME "org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.service1"
-#define SERVICE_2_BUS_NAME "org.sdbuscpp.stresstest.service2"
-#define CELSIUS_THERMOMETER_OBJECT_PATH "/org/sdbuscpp/stresstest/celsius/thermometer"
-#define FAHRENHEIT_THERMOMETER_OBJECT_PATH "/org/sdbuscpp/stresstest/fahrenheit/thermometer"
-#define CONCATENATOR_OBJECT_PATH "/org/sdbuscpp/stresstest/concatenator"
-
-class CelsiusThermometerAdaptor : public sdbus::Interfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::celsius::thermometer_adaptor>
-{
-public:
-    using sdbus::Interfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::celsius::thermometer_adaptor>::Interfaces;
-
-protected:
-    virtual uint32_t getCurrentTemperature() override
-    {
-        return m_currentTemperature++;
-    }
-
-private:
-    uint32_t m_currentTemperature{};
-};
-
-class CelsiusThermometerProxy : public sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::celsius::thermometer_proxy>
-{
-public:
-    using sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::celsius::thermometer_proxy>::ProxyInterfaces;
-};
-
-class FahrenheitThermometerAdaptor : public sdbus::Interfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::fahrenheit::thermometer_adaptor>
-{
-public:
-    FahrenheitThermometerAdaptor(sdbus::IConnection& connection, std::string objectPath)
-        : sdbus::Interfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::fahrenheit::thermometer_adaptor>(connection, std::move(objectPath))
-        , celsiusProxy_(connection, SERVICE_2_BUS_NAME, CELSIUS_THERMOMETER_OBJECT_PATH)
-    {
-    }
-
-protected:
-    virtual uint32_t getCurrentTemperature() override
-    {
-        // In this D-Bus call, make yet another D-Bus call to another service over the same connection
-        return static_cast<uint32_t>(celsiusProxy_.getCurrentTemperature() * 1.8 + 32.);
-    }
-
-private:
-    CelsiusThermometerProxy celsiusProxy_;
-};
-
-class FahrenheitThermometerProxy : public sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::fahrenheit::thermometer_proxy>
-{
-public:
-    using sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::fahrenheit::thermometer_proxy>::ProxyInterfaces;
-};
-
-class ConcatenatorAdaptor : public sdbus::Interfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::concatenator_adaptor>
-{
-public:
-    ConcatenatorAdaptor(sdbus::IConnection& connection, std::string objectPath)
-        : sdbus::Interfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::concatenator_adaptor>(connection, std::move(objectPath))
-    {
-        unsigned int workers = std::thread::hardware_concurrency();
-        if (workers < 4)
-            workers = 4;
-
-        for (unsigned int i = 0; i < workers; ++i)
-            workers_.emplace_back([this]()
-            {
-                //std::cout << "Created worker thread 0x" << std::hex << std::this_thread::get_id() << std::dec << std::endl;
-
-                while(!exit_)
-                {
-                    // Pop a work item from the queue
-                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
-                    cond_.wait(lock, [this]{return !requests_.empty() || exit_;});
-                    if (exit_)
-                        break;
-                    auto request = std::move(requests_.front());
-                    requests_.pop();
-                    lock.unlock();
-
-                    // Do concatenation work, return results and fire signal
-                    auto aString = request.input.at("key1").get<std::string>();
-                    auto aNumber = request.input.at("key2").get<uint32_t>();
-                    auto resultString = aString + " " + std::to_string(aNumber);
-
-                    request.result.returnResults(resultString);
-
-                    concatenatedSignal(resultString);
-                }
-            });
-    }
-
-    ~ConcatenatorAdaptor()
-    {
-        exit_ = true;
-        cond_.notify_all();
-        for (auto& worker : workers_)
-            worker.join();
-    }
-
-protected:
-    virtual void concatenate(sdbus::Result<std::string>&& result, std::map<std::string, sdbus::Variant> params) override
-    {
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
-        requests_.push(WorkItem{std::move(params), std::move(result)});
-        lock.unlock();
-        cond_.notify_one();
-    }
-
-private:
-    struct WorkItem
-    {
-        std::map<std::string, sdbus::Variant> input;
-        sdbus::Result<std::string> result;
-    };
-    std::mutex mutex_;
-    std::condition_variable cond_;
-    std::queue<WorkItem> requests_;
-    std::vector<std::thread> workers_;
-    std::atomic<bool> exit_{};
-};
-
-class ConcatenatorProxy : public sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::concatenator_proxy>
-{
-public:
-    using sdbus::ProxyInterfaces<org::sdbuscpp::stresstest::concatenator_proxy>::ProxyInterfaces;
-
-private:
-    virtual void onConcatenateReply(const std::string& result, const sdbus::Error* error) override
-    {
-        assert(error == nullptr);
-
-        std::stringstream str(result);
-        std::string aString;
-        str >> aString;
-        assert(aString == "sdbus-c++-stress-tests");
-
-        uint32_t aNumber;
-        str >> aNumber;
-        assert(aNumber >= 0);
-
-        ++repliesReceived_;
-    }
-
-    virtual void onConcatenatedSignal(const std::string& concatenatedString) override
-    {
-        std::stringstream str(concatenatedString);
-        std::string aString;
-        str >> aString;
-        assert(aString == "sdbus-c++-stress-tests");
-
-        uint32_t aNumber;
-        str >> aNumber;
-        assert(aNumber >= 0);
-
-        ++signalsReceived_;
-    }
-
-public:
-    std::atomic<uint32_t> repliesReceived_;
-    std::atomic<uint32_t> signalsReceived_;
-};
-
-//-----------------------------------------
-int main(int /*argc*/, char */*argv*/[])
-{
-    auto service2Connection = sdbus::createSystemBusConnection(SERVICE_2_BUS_NAME);
-    std::thread service2Thread([&con = *service2Connection]()
-    {
-        CelsiusThermometerAdaptor thermometer(con, CELSIUS_THERMOMETER_OBJECT_PATH);
-        con.enterProcessingLoop();
-    });
-
-    auto service1Connection = sdbus::createSystemBusConnection(SERVICE_1_BUS_NAME);
-    std::thread service1Thread([&con = *service1Connection]()
-    {
-        ConcatenatorAdaptor concatenator(con, CONCATENATOR_OBJECT_PATH);
-        FahrenheitThermometerAdaptor thermometer(con, FAHRENHEIT_THERMOMETER_OBJECT_PATH);
-        con.enterProcessingLoop();
-    });
-
-    std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
-
-    std::atomic<uint32_t> concatenationCallsMade{0};
-    std::atomic<uint32_t> concatenationRepliesReceived{0};
-    std::atomic<uint32_t> concatenationSignalsReceived{0};
-    std::atomic<uint32_t> thermometerCallsMade{0};
-
-    auto clientConnection = sdbus::createSystemBusConnection();
-    std::thread clientThread([&, &con = *clientConnection]()
-    {
-        std::atomic<bool> stopClients{false};
-
-        std::thread concatenatorThread([&]()
-        {
-            ConcatenatorProxy concatenator(con, SERVICE_1_BUS_NAME, CONCATENATOR_OBJECT_PATH);
-
-            uint32_t localCounter{};
-
-            // Issue async concatenate calls densely one after another
-            while (!stopClients)
-            {
-                std::map<std::string, sdbus::Variant> param;
-                param["key1"] = "sdbus-c++-stress-tests";
-                param["key2"] = localCounter++;
-
-                concatenator.concatenate(param);
-
-                if ((localCounter % 10) == 0)
-                {
-                    // Make sure the system is catching up with our async requests,
-                    // otherwise sleep a bit to slow down flooding the server.
-                    assert(localCounter >= concatenator.repliesReceived_);
-                    while ((localCounter - concatenator.repliesReceived_) > 20 && !stopClients)
-                        std::this_thread::sleep_for(2ms);
-
-                    // Update statistics
-                    concatenationCallsMade = localCounter;
-                    concatenationRepliesReceived = (uint32_t)concatenator.repliesReceived_;
-                    concatenationSignalsReceived = (uint32_t)concatenator.signalsReceived_;
-                }
-            }
-        });
-
-        std::thread thermometerThread([&]()
-        {
-            FahrenheitThermometerProxy thermometer(con, SERVICE_1_BUS_NAME, FAHRENHEIT_THERMOMETER_OBJECT_PATH);
-            uint32_t localCounter{};
-            uint32_t previousTemperature{};
-
-            while (!stopClients)
-            {
-                localCounter++;
-                auto temperature = thermometer.getCurrentTemperature();
-                assert(temperature >= previousTemperature); // The temperature shall rise continually
-                previousTemperature = temperature;
-                std::this_thread::sleep_for(5ms);
-
-                if ((localCounter % 10) == 0)
-                    thermometerCallsMade = localCounter;
-            }
-        });
-
-        con.enterProcessingLoop();
-
-        stopClients = true;
-        concatenatorThread.join();
-        thermometerThread.join();
-    });
-
-    std::atomic<bool> exitLogger{};
-    std::thread loggerThread([&]()
-    {
-        while (!exitLogger)
-        {
-            std::this_thread::sleep_for(1s);
-
-            std::cout << "Made " << concatenationCallsMade << " concatenation calls, received " << concatenationRepliesReceived << " replies and " << concatenationSignalsReceived << " signals so far." << std::endl;
-            std::cout << "Made " << thermometerCallsMade << " thermometer calls so far." << std::endl << std::endl;
-        }
-    });
-
-    getchar();
-
-    exitLogger = true;
-    loggerThread.join();
-    clientConnection->leaveProcessingLoop();
-    clientThread.join();
-    service1Connection->leaveProcessingLoop();
-    service1Thread.join();
-    service2Connection->leaveProcessingLoop();
-    service2Thread.join();
-    
-    return 0;
-}

test/unittests/Connection_test.cpp

@@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file Connection_test.cpp
- * @author Ardazishvili Roman (ardazishvili.roman@yandex.ru)
- *
- * Created on: Feb 4, 2019
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include "Connection.h"
-#include "unittests/mocks/SdBusMock.h"
-
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
-using ::testing::_;
-using ::testing::DoAll;
-using ::testing::SetArgPointee;
-using ::testing::Return;
-using ::testing::NiceMock;
-
-using BusType = sdbus::internal::Connection::BusType;
-
-
-class ConnectionCreationTest : public ::testing::Test
-{
-protected:
-    ConnectionCreationTest() = default;
-
-    std::unique_ptr<NiceMock<SdBusMock>> mock_ { std::make_unique<NiceMock<SdBusMock>>() };
-    sd_bus* STUB_ { reinterpret_cast<sd_bus*>(1) };
-};
-
-using ASystemBusConnection = ConnectionCreationTest;
-using ASessionBusConnection = ConnectionCreationTest;
-
-TEST_F(ASystemBusConnection, OpensAndFlushesBusWhenCreated)
-{
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_system(_)).WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(1)));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_flush(_)).Times(1);
-    sdbus::internal::Connection(BusType::eSystem, std::move(mock_));
-}
-
-TEST_F(ASessionBusConnection, OpensAndFlushesBusWhenCreated)
-{
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_user(_)).WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(1)));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_flush(_)).Times(1);
-    sdbus::internal::Connection(BusType::eSession, std::move(mock_));
-}
-
-TEST_F(ASystemBusConnection, ClosesAndUnrefsBusWhenDestructed)
-{
-    ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_user(_)).WillByDefault(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(1)));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_flush_close_unref(_)).Times(1);
-    sdbus::internal::Connection(BusType::eSession, std::move(mock_));
-}
-
-TEST_F(ASessionBusConnection, ClosesAndUnrefsBusWhenDestructed)
-{
-    ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_user(_)).WillByDefault(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(1)));
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_flush_close_unref(_)).Times(1);
-    sdbus::internal::Connection(BusType::eSession, std::move(mock_));
-}
-
-TEST_F(ASystemBusConnection, ThrowsErrorWhenOpeningTheBusFailsDuringConstruction)
-{
-    ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_system(_)).WillByDefault(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(-1)));
-    ASSERT_THROW(sdbus::internal::Connection(BusType::eSystem, std::move(mock_)), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ASessionBusConnection, ThrowsErrorWhenOpeningTheBusFailsDuringConstruction)
-{
-    ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_user(_)).WillByDefault(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(-1)));
-    ASSERT_THROW(sdbus::internal::Connection(BusType::eSession, std::move(mock_)), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ASystemBusConnection, ThrowsErrorWhenFlushingTheBusFailsDuringConstruction)
-{
-    ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_system(_)).WillByDefault(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(1)));
-    ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_flush(_)).WillByDefault(Return(-1));
-    ASSERT_THROW(sdbus::internal::Connection(BusType::eSystem, std::move(mock_)), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST_F(ASessionBusConnection, ThrowsErrorWhenFlushingTheBusFailsDuringConstruction)
-{
-    ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_user(_)).WillByDefault(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(1)));
-    ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_flush(_)).WillByDefault(Return(-1));
-    ASSERT_THROW(sdbus::internal::Connection(BusType::eSession, std::move(mock_)), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-class ConnectionRequestTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<BusType>
-{
-protected:
-    ConnectionRequestTest() = default;
-    void SetUp() override
-    {
-        switch (GetParam())
-        {
-            case BusType::eSystem:
-                EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_system(_)).WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(1)));
-                break;
-            case BusType::eSession:
-                EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_open_user(_)).WillOnce(DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(STUB_), Return(1)));
-                break;
-            default:
-                break;
-        }
-        ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_flush(_)).WillByDefault(Return(1));
-        ON_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_flush_close_unref(_)).WillByDefault(Return(STUB_));
-    }
-
-    std::unique_ptr<NiceMock<SdBusMock>> mock_ { std::make_unique<NiceMock<SdBusMock>>() };
-    sd_bus* STUB_ { reinterpret_cast<sd_bus*>(1) };
-};
-
-using AConnectionNameRequest = ConnectionRequestTest;
-
-TEST_P(AConnectionNameRequest, DoesNotThrowOnSuccess)
-{
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_request_name(_, _, _)).WillOnce(Return(1));
-    sdbus::internal::Connection(GetParam(), std::move(mock_)).requestName("");
-}
-
-TEST_P(AConnectionNameRequest, ThrowsOnFail)
-{
-    EXPECT_CALL(*mock_, sd_bus_request_name(_, _, _)).WillOnce(Return(-1));
-
-    sdbus::internal::Connection conn_(GetParam(), std::move(mock_));
-    ASSERT_THROW(conn_.requestName(""), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Request, AConnectionNameRequest, ::testing::Values(BusType::eSystem, BusType::eSession));

test/unittests/Message_test.cpp

@@ -1,223 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file Message_test.cpp
- *
- * Created on: Dec 3, 2016
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
-#include "MessageUtils.h"
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <gmock/gmock.h>
-#include <cstdint>
-
-using ::testing::Eq;
-using ::testing::DoubleEq;
-using namespace std::string_literals;
-
-namespace
-{
-    std::string deserializeString(sdbus::Message& msg)
-    {
-        std::string str;
-        msg >> str;
-        return str;
-    }
-}
-
-/*-------------------------------------*/
-/* --          TEST CASES           -- */
-/*-------------------------------------*/
-
-TEST(AMessage, CanBeDefaultConstructed)
-{
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sdbus::Message());
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, IsInvalidAfterDefaultConstructed)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg;
-
-    ASSERT_FALSE(msg.isValid());
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, IsValidWhenConstructedAsRealMessage)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-    ASSERT_TRUE(msg.isValid());
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, CreatesShallowCopyWhenCopyConstructed)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-    msg << "I am a string"s;
-    msg.seal();
-
-    sdbus::Message msgCopy = msg;
-
-    std::string str;
-    msgCopy >> str;
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(str, Eq("I am a string"));
-    ASSERT_THROW(msgCopy >> str, sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, CreatesDeepCopyWhenEplicitlyCopied)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-    msg << "I am a string"s;
-    msg.seal();
-
-    sdbus::Message msgCopy{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-    msg.copyTo(msgCopy, true);
-    msgCopy.seal(); // Seal to be able to read from it subsequently
-    msg.rewind(true); // Rewind to the beginning after copying
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(deserializeString(msg), Eq("I am a string"));
-    ASSERT_THAT(deserializeString(msgCopy), Eq("I am a string"));
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, IsEmptyWhenContainsNoValue)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(msg.isEmpty());
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, IsNotEmptyWhenContainsAValue)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-    msg << "I am a string"s;
-
-    ASSERT_FALSE(msg.isEmpty());
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, CanCarryASimpleInteger)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-
-    int dataWritten = 5;
-
-    msg << dataWritten;
-    msg.seal();
-
-    int dataRead;
-    msg >> dataRead;
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(dataRead, Eq(dataWritten));
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, CanCarryAVariant)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-
-    auto dataWritten = sdbus::Variant((double)3.14);
-
-    msg << dataWritten;
-    msg.seal();
-
-    sdbus::Variant dataRead;
-    msg >> dataRead;
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(dataRead.get<double>(), Eq(dataWritten.get<double>()));
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, CanCarryACollectionOfEmbeddedVariants)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-
-    auto value = std::vector<sdbus::Variant>{"hello"s, (double)3.14};
-    auto dataWritten = sdbus::Variant{value};
-
-    msg << dataWritten;
-    msg.seal();
-
-    sdbus::Variant dataRead;
-    msg >> dataRead;
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(dataRead.get<decltype(value)>()[0].get<std::string>(), Eq(value[0].get<std::string>()));
-    ASSERT_THAT(dataRead.get<decltype(value)>()[1].get<double>(), Eq(value[1].get<double>()));
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, CanCarryAnArray)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-
-    std::vector<int64_t> dataWritten{3545342, 43643532, 324325};
-
-    msg << dataWritten;
-    msg.seal();
-
-    std::vector<int64_t> dataRead;
-    msg >> dataRead;
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(dataRead, Eq(dataWritten));
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, CanCarryADictionary)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-
-    std::map<int, std::string> dataWritten{{1, "one"}, {2, "two"}};
-
-    msg << dataWritten;
-    msg.seal();
-
-    std::map<int, std::string> dataRead;
-    msg >> dataRead;
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(dataRead, Eq(dataWritten));
-}
-
-TEST(AMessage, CanCarryAComplexType)
-{
-    sdbus::Message msg{sdbus::createPlainMessage()};
-
-    using ComplexType = std::map<
-                            uint64_t,
-                            sdbus::Struct<
-                                std::map<
-                                    uint8_t,
-                                    std::vector<
-                                        sdbus::Struct<
-                                            sdbus::ObjectPath,
-                                            bool,
-                                            int16_t,
-                                            /*sdbus::Variant,*/
-                                            std::map<int, std::string>
-                                        >
-                                    >
-                                >,
-                                sdbus::Signature,
-                                double
-                            >
-                        >;
-
-    ComplexType dataWritten = { {1, {{{5, {{"/some/object", true, 45, {{6, "hello"}, {7, "world"}}}}}}, "av", 3.14}}};
-
-    msg << dataWritten;
-    msg.seal();
-
-    ComplexType dataRead;
-    msg >> dataRead;
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(dataRead, Eq(dataWritten));
-}

test/unittests/Types_test.cpp

@@ -1,242 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * (C) 2017 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *
- * @file Types_test.cpp
- *
- * Created on: Dec 3, 2016
- * Project: sdbus-c++
- * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
- *
- * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include <sdbus-c++/Types.h>
-#include "MessageUtils.h"
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <gmock/gmock.h>
-#include <cstdint>
-
-using ::testing::Eq;
-using namespace std::string_literals;
-
-namespace
-{
-    constexpr const uint64_t ANY_UINT64 = 84578348354;
-    constexpr const double ANY_DOUBLE = 3.14;
-}
-
-/*-------------------------------------*/
-/* --          TEST CASES           -- */
-/*-------------------------------------*/
-
-TEST(AVariant, CanBeDefaultConstructed)
-{
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sdbus::Variant());
-}
-
-TEST(AVariant, ContainsNoValueAfterDefaultConstructed)
-{
-    sdbus::Variant v;
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(v.isEmpty());
-}
-
-TEST(AVariant, CanBeConstructedFromASimpleValue)
-{
-    int value = 5;
-
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sdbus::Variant{value});
-}
-
-TEST(AVariant, CanBeConstructedFromAComplexValue)
-{
-    using ComplexType = std::map<uint64_t, std::vector<sdbus::Struct<std::string, double>>>;
-    ComplexType value{ {ANY_UINT64, ComplexType::mapped_type{sdbus::make_struct("hello", ANY_DOUBLE), sdbus::make_struct("world", ANY_DOUBLE)}} };
-
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(sdbus::Variant(value));
-}
-
-TEST(AVariant, CanBeCopied)
-{
-    auto value = "hello"s;
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-
-    auto variantCopy1{variant};
-    auto variantCopy2 = variantCopy1;
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(variantCopy1.get<std::string>(), Eq(value));
-    ASSERT_THAT(variantCopy2.get<std::string>(), Eq(value));
-}
-
-TEST(AVariant, IsNotEmptyWhenContainsAValue)
-{
-    sdbus::Variant v("hello");
-
-    ASSERT_FALSE(v.isEmpty());
-}
-
-TEST(ASimpleVariant, ReturnsTheSimpleValueWhenAsked)
-{
-    int value = 5;
-
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(variant.get<int>(), Eq(value));
-}
-
-TEST(AComplexVariant, ReturnsTheComplexValueWhenAsked)
-{
-    using ComplexType = std::map<uint64_t, std::vector<sdbus::Struct<std::string, double>>>;
-    ComplexType value{ {ANY_UINT64, ComplexType::mapped_type{sdbus::make_struct("hello", ANY_DOUBLE), sdbus::make_struct("world", ANY_DOUBLE)}} };
-
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(variant.get<decltype(value)>(), Eq(value));
-}
-
-TEST(AVariant, HasConceptuallyNonmutableGetMethodWhichCanBeCalledXTimes)
-{
-    std::string value{"I am a string"};
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(variant.get<std::string>(), Eq(value));
-    ASSERT_THAT(variant.get<std::string>(), Eq(value));
-    ASSERT_THAT(variant.get<std::string>(), Eq(value));
-}
-
-TEST(AVariant, ReturnsTrueWhenAskedIfItContainsTheTypeItReallyContains)
-{
-    using ComplexType = std::map<uint64_t, std::vector<sdbus::Struct<std::string, double>>>;
-    ComplexType value{ {ANY_UINT64, ComplexType::mapped_type{sdbus::make_struct("hello", ANY_DOUBLE), sdbus::make_struct("world", ANY_DOUBLE)}} };
-
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(variant.containsValueOfType<ComplexType>());
-}
-
-TEST(ASimpleVariant, ReturnsFalseWhenAskedIfItContainsTypeItDoesntReallyContain)
-{
-    int value = 5;
-
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-
-    ASSERT_FALSE(variant.containsValueOfType<double>());
-}
-
-TEST(AVariant, CanContainOtherEmbeddedVariants)
-{
-    using TypeWithVariants = std::vector<sdbus::Struct<sdbus::Variant, double>>;
-    TypeWithVariants value;
-    value.emplace_back(sdbus::make_struct(sdbus::Variant("a string"), ANY_DOUBLE));
-    value.emplace_back(sdbus::make_struct(sdbus::Variant(ANY_UINT64), ANY_DOUBLE));
-
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(variant.containsValueOfType<TypeWithVariants>());
-}
-
-TEST(ANonEmptyVariant, SerializesSuccessfullyToAMessage)
-{
-    sdbus::Variant variant("a string");
-
-    sdbus::Message msg = sdbus::createPlainMessage();
-
-    ASSERT_NO_THROW(variant.serializeTo(msg));
-}
-
-TEST(AnEmptyVariant, ThrowsWhenBeingSerializedToAMessage)
-{
-    sdbus::Variant variant;
-
-    sdbus::Message msg = sdbus::createPlainMessage();
-
-    ASSERT_THROW(variant.serializeTo(msg), sdbus::Error);
-}
-
-TEST(ANonEmptyVariant, SerializesToAndDeserializesFromAMessageSuccessfully)
-{
-    using ComplexType = std::map<uint64_t, std::vector<sdbus::Struct<std::string, double>>>;
-    ComplexType value{ {ANY_UINT64, ComplexType::mapped_type{sdbus::make_struct("hello", ANY_DOUBLE), sdbus::make_struct("world", ANY_DOUBLE)}} };
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-
-    sdbus::Message msg = sdbus::createPlainMessage();
-    variant.serializeTo(msg);
-    msg.seal();
-    sdbus::Variant variant2;
-    variant2.deserializeFrom(msg);
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(variant2.get<decltype(value)>(), Eq(value));
-}
-
-TEST(CopiesOfVariant, SerializeToAndDeserializeFromMessageSuccessfully)
-{
-    using ComplexType = std::map<uint64_t, std::vector<sdbus::Struct<std::string, double>>>;
-    ComplexType value{ {ANY_UINT64, ComplexType::mapped_type{sdbus::make_struct("hello", ANY_DOUBLE), sdbus::make_struct("world", ANY_DOUBLE)}} };
-    sdbus::Variant variant(value);
-    auto variantCopy1{variant};
-    auto variantCopy2 = variant;
-
-    sdbus::Message msg = sdbus::createPlainMessage();
-    variant.serializeTo(msg);
-    variantCopy1.serializeTo(msg);
-    variantCopy2.serializeTo(msg);
-    msg.seal();
-    sdbus::Variant receivedVariant1, receivedVariant2, receivedVariant3;
-    receivedVariant1.deserializeFrom(msg);
-    receivedVariant2.deserializeFrom(msg);
-    receivedVariant3.deserializeFrom(msg);
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(receivedVariant1.get<decltype(value)>(), Eq(value));
-    ASSERT_THAT(receivedVariant2.get<decltype(value)>(), Eq(value));
-    ASSERT_THAT(receivedVariant3.get<decltype(value)>(), Eq(value));
-}
-
-TEST(AStruct, CreatesStructFromTuple)
-{
-    std::tuple<int32_t, std::string> value{1234, "abcd"};
-    sdbus::Struct<int32_t, std::string> valueStruct{value};
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<0>(valueStruct), Eq(std::get<0>(value)));
-    ASSERT_THAT(std::get<1>(valueStruct), Eq(std::get<1>(value)));
-}
-
-TEST(AnObjectPath, CanBeConstructedFromCString)
-{
-    const char* aPath = "/some/path";
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(sdbus::ObjectPath{aPath}, Eq(aPath));
-}
-
-TEST(AnObjectPath, CanBeConstructedFromStdString)
-{
-    std::string aPath{"/some/path"};
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(sdbus::ObjectPath{aPath}, Eq(aPath));
-}
-
-TEST(ASignature, CanBeConstructedFromCString)
-{
-    const char* aSignature = "us";
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(sdbus::Signature{aSignature}, Eq(aSignature));
-}
-
-TEST(ASignature, CanBeConstructedFromStdString)
-{
-    std::string aSignature{"us"};
-
-    ASSERT_THAT(sdbus::Signature{aSignature}, Eq(aSignature));
-}

tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+#-------------------------------
+# DOWNLOAD AND BUILD OF GOOGLETEST
+#-------------------------------
+
+find_package(GTest ${SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION} CONFIG)
+if (NOT TARGET GTest::gmock)
+    # Try pkg-config if GTest was not found through CMake config
+    find_package(PkgConfig)
+    if (PkgConfig_FOUND)
+        pkg_check_modules(GMock IMPORTED_TARGET GLOBAL gmock>=${SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION})
+        if(TARGET PkgConfig::GMock)
+            add_library(GTest::gmock ALIAS PkgConfig::GMock)
+        endif()
+    endif()
+    # GTest was not found in the system, build it on our own
+    if (NOT TARGET GTest::gmock)
+        include(FetchContent)
+
+        if (SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 1.13.0)
+            set(GOOGLETEST_TAG "v${SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION}")
+        else()
+            set(GOOGLETEST_TAG "release-${SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_VERSION}")
+        endif()
+
+        message("Manually fetching & building googletest ${GOOGLETEST_TAG}...")
+        FetchContent_Declare(googletest
+                            GIT_REPOSITORY ${SDBUSCPP_GOOGLETEST_GIT_REPO}
+                            GIT_TAG        ${GOOGLETEST_TAG}
+                            GIT_SHALLOW    1
+                            UPDATE_COMMAND "")
+
+        set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE INTERNAL "" FORCE)
+        set(INSTALL_GTEST OFF CACHE INTERNAL "" FORCE)
+        set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS_BAK ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS})
+        set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS OFF)
+        FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
+        set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS ${BUILD_SHARED_LIBS_BAK})
+        add_library(GTest::gmock ALIAS gmock)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+#-------------------------------
+# SOURCE FILES CONFIGURATION
+#-------------------------------
+
+set(UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/unittests)
+set(UNITTESTS_SRCS
+    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/sdbus-c++-unit-tests.cpp
+    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/Message_test.cpp
+    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/PollData_test.cpp
+    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/Types_test.cpp
+    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TypeTraits_test.cpp
+    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/Connection_test.cpp
+    ${UNITTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/mocks/SdBusMock.h)
+
+set(INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/integrationtests)
+set(INTEGRATIONTESTS_SRCS
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/DBusConnectionTests.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/DBusGeneralTests.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/DBusMethodsTests.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/DBusAsyncMethodsTests.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/DBusSignalsTests.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/DBusPropertiesTests.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/DBusStandardInterfacesTests.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/Defs.h
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/integrationtests-adaptor.h
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/integrationtests-proxy.h
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TestFixture.h
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TestFixture.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TestAdaptor.h
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TestAdaptor.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TestProxy.h
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/TestProxy.cpp
+    ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/sdbus-c++-integration-tests.cpp)
+
+set(PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/perftests)
+set(STRESSTESTS_CLIENT_SRCS
+    ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/client.cpp
+    ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/perftests-proxy.h)
+set(STRESSTESTS_SERVER_SRCS
+    ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/server.cpp
+    ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/perftests-adaptor.h)
+
+set(STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/stresstests)
+set(STRESSTESTS_SRCS
+    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/sdbus-c++-stress-tests.cpp
+    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/fahrenheit-thermometer-adaptor.h
+    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/fahrenheit-thermometer-proxy.h
+    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/celsius-thermometer-adaptor.h
+    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/celsius-thermometer-proxy.h
+    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/concatenator-adaptor.h
+    ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/concatenator-proxy.h)
+
+#-------------------------------
+# GENERAL COMPILER CONFIGURATION
+#-------------------------------
+
+include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
+
+#----------------------------------
+# BUILD INFORMATION
+#----------------------------------
+
+add_executable(sdbus-c++-unit-tests ${UNITTESTS_SRCS})
+target_compile_definitions(sdbus-c++-unit-tests PRIVATE
+    LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION=${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION}
+    SDBUS_${SDBUS_IMPL}
+    SDBUS_HEADER=<${SDBUS_IMPL}/sd-bus.h>)
+target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++-unit-tests sdbus-c++-objlib GTest::gmock)
+
+add_executable(sdbus-c++-integration-tests ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SRCS})
+target_compile_definitions(sdbus-c++-integration-tests PRIVATE
+    LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION=${SDBUSCPP_LIBSYSTEMD_VERSION}
+    SDBUS_${SDBUS_IMPL})
+if(NOT SDBUS_IMPL STREQUAL "basu")
+    # Systemd::Libsystemd is included because integration tests use sd-event. Otherwise sdbus-c++ encapsulates and hides libsystemd.
+    target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++-integration-tests sdbus-c++ Systemd::Libsystemd GTest::gmock)
+else()
+    # sd-event implementation is not part of basu, so its integration tests will be skipped
+    target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++-integration-tests sdbus-c++ GTest::gmock)
+endif()
+
+if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS OR SDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS)
+    set(THREADS_PREFER_PTHREAD_FLAG ON)
+    find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+
+    if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS)
+        message(STATUS "Building with performance tests")
+        add_executable(sdbus-c++-perf-tests-client ${STRESSTESTS_CLIENT_SRCS})
+        target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++-perf-tests-client sdbus-c++ Threads::Threads)
+        add_executable(sdbus-c++-perf-tests-server ${STRESSTESTS_SERVER_SRCS})
+        target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++-perf-tests-server sdbus-c++ Threads::Threads)
+    endif()
+
+    if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS)
+        message(STATUS "Building with stress tests")
+        add_executable(sdbus-c++-stress-tests ${STRESSTESTS_SRCS})
+        target_link_libraries(sdbus-c++-stress-tests sdbus-c++ Threads::Threads)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+#----------------------------------
+# INSTALLATION
+#----------------------------------
+
+if(SDBUSCPP_INSTALL)
+    include(GNUInstallDirs)
+    install(TARGETS sdbus-c++-unit-tests DESTINATION ${SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-test)
+    install(TARGETS sdbus-c++-integration-tests DESTINATION ${SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-test)
+    install(FILES ${INTEGRATIONTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/files/org.sdbuscpp.integrationtests.conf
+            DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_SYSCONFDIR}/dbus-1/system.d
+            COMPONENT sdbus-c++-test)
+    if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_PERF_TESTS)
+        install(TARGETS sdbus-c++-perf-tests-client DESTINATION ${SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-test)
+        install(TARGETS sdbus-c++-perf-tests-server DESTINATION ${SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-test)
+        install(FILES ${PERFTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/files/org.sdbuscpp.perftests.conf
+                DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_SYSCONFDIR}/dbus-1/system.d
+                COMPONENT sdbus-c++-test)
+    endif()
+    if(SDBUSCPP_BUILD_STRESS_TESTS)
+        install(TARGETS sdbus-c++-stress-tests DESTINATION ${SDBUSCPP_TESTS_INSTALL_PATH} COMPONENT sdbus-c++-test)
+        install(FILES ${STRESSTESTS_SOURCE_DIR}/files/org.sdbuscpp.stresstests.conf
+                DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_SYSCONFDIR}/dbus-1/system.d
+                COMPONENT sdbus-c++-test)
+    endif()
+endif()
+
+#----------------------------------
+# RUNNING THE TESTS UPON BUILD
+#----------------------------------
+
+if(NOT CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
+    add_test(NAME sdbus-c++-unit-tests COMMAND sdbus-c++-unit-tests)
+    add_test(NAME sdbus-c++-integration-tests COMMAND sdbus-c++-integration-tests)
+endif()

tests/integrationtests/DBusAsyncMethodsTests.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+/**
+ * (C) 2016 - 2021 KISTLER INSTRUMENTE AG, Winterthur, Switzerland
+ * (C) 2016 - 2024 Stanislav Angelovic <stanislav.angelovic@protonmail.com>
+ *
+ * @file DBusAsyncMethodsTests.cpp
+ *
+ * Created on: Jan 2, 2017
+ * Project: sdbus-c++
+ * Description: High-level D-Bus IPC C++ library based on sd-bus
+ *
+ * This file is part of sdbus-c++.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation, either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ * (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ * sdbus-c++ is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * along with sdbus-c++. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+ */
+
+#include "TestFixture.h"
+#include "TestAdaptor.h"
+#include "TestProxy.h"
+#include "sdbus-c++/sdbus-c++.h"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <future>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+using ::testing::Eq;
+using ::testing::DoubleEq;
+using ::testing::Gt;
+using ::testing::Le;
+using ::testing::AnyOf;
+using ::testing::ElementsAre;
+using ::testing::SizeIs;
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+using namespace sdbus::test;
+
+/*-------------------------------------*/
+/* --          TEST CASES           -- */
+/*-------------------------------------*/
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, ThrowsTimeoutErrorWhenClientSideAsyncMethodTimesOut)
+{
+    std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::steady_clock> start;
+    try
+    {
+        std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
+        auto future = promise.get_future();
+        this->m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t res, std::optional<sdbus::Error> err)
+        {
+            if (!err)
+                promise.set_value(res);
+            else
+                promise.set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(*std::move(err)));
+        });
+
+        start = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsyncWithTimeout(1us, (1s).count()); // The operation will take 1s, but the timeout is 1us, so we should time out
+        future.get();
+
+        FAIL() << "Expected sdbus::Error exception";
+    }
+    catch (const sdbus::Error& e)
+    {
+        ASSERT_THAT(e.getName(), AnyOf("org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Timeout", "org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.NoReply"));
+        ASSERT_THAT(e.getMessage(), AnyOf("Connection timed out", "Method call timed out"));
+        auto measuredTimeout = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start;
+        ASSERT_THAT(measuredTimeout, Le(50ms));
+    }
+    catch(...)
+    {
+        FAIL() << "Expected sdbus::Error exception";
+    }
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, RunsServerSideAsynchronousMethodAsynchronously)
+{
+    // Yeah, this is kinda timing-dependent test, but times should be safe...
+    std::mutex mtx;
+    std::vector<uint32_t> results;
+    std::atomic<bool> invoke{};
+    std::atomic<int> startedCount{};
+    auto call = [&](uint32_t param)
+    {
+        TestProxy proxy{SERVICE_NAME, OBJECT_PATH};
+        ++startedCount;
+        while (!invoke) ;
+        auto result = proxy.doOperationAsync(param);
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(mtx);
+        results.push_back(result);
+    };
+
+    std::thread invocations[]{std::thread{call, 1500}, std::thread{call, 1000}, std::thread{call, 500}};
+    while (startedCount != 3) ;
+    invoke = true;
+    std::for_each(std::begin(invocations), std::end(invocations), [](auto& t){ t.join(); });
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(results, ElementsAre(500, 1000, 1500));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, HandlesCorrectlyABulkOfParallelServerSideAsyncMethods)
+{
+    std::atomic<size_t> resultCount{};
+    std::atomic<bool> invoke{};
+    std::atomic<int> startedCount{};
+    auto call = [&]()
+    {
+        TestProxy proxy{SERVICE_NAME, OBJECT_PATH};
+        ++startedCount;
+        while (!invoke) ;
+
+        size_t localResultCount{};
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < 500; ++i)
+        {
+            auto result = proxy.doOperationAsync(i % 2);
+            if (result == (i % 2)) // Correct return value?
+                localResultCount++;
+        }
+
+        resultCount += localResultCount;
+    };
+
+    std::thread invocations[]{std::thread{call}, std::thread{call}, std::thread{call}};
+    while (startedCount != 3) ;
+    invoke = true;
+    std::for_each(std::begin(invocations), std::end(invocations), [](auto& t){ t.join(); });
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(resultCount, Eq(1500));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, RunsServerSideAsynchronousMethodWithLargeMessage)
+{
+    std::map<int32_t, std::string> largeMap;
+    for (int32_t i = 0; i < 40'000; ++i)
+        largeMap.emplace(i, "This is string nr. " + std::to_string(i+1));
+
+    auto result1 = this->m_proxy->doOperationAsyncWithLargeData(0, largeMap); // Sends large map back in the context of the callback (event loop thread)
+    auto result2 = this->m_proxy->doOperationAsyncWithLargeData(500, largeMap); // Sends large map back outside the context of the event loop thread
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(result1, Eq(largeMap));
+    ASSERT_THAT(result2, Eq(largeMap));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, InvokesMethodAsynchronouslyOnClientSide)
+{
+    std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
+    auto future = promise.get_future();
+    this->m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t res, std::optional<sdbus::Error> err)
+    {
+        if (!err)
+            promise.set_value(res);
+        else
+            promise.set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(std::move(err)));
+    });
+
+    this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(100);
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(future.get(), Eq(100));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, InvokesMethodAsynchronouslyOnClientSideWithFuture)
+{
+    auto future = this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(100, sdbus::with_future);
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(future.get(), Eq(100));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, InvokesMethodAsynchronouslyOnClientSideWithFutureOnBasicAPILevel)
+{
+    auto future = this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsyncOnBasicAPILevel(100);
+
+    auto methodReply = future.get();
+    uint32_t returnValue{};
+    methodReply >> returnValue;
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(returnValue, Eq(100));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, InvokesMethodWithLargeDataAsynchronouslyOnClientSideWithFuture)
+{
+    std::map<int32_t, std::string> largeMap;
+    for (int32_t i = 0; i < 40'000; ++i)
+        largeMap.emplace(i, "This is string nr. " + std::to_string(i+1));
+
+    auto future = this->m_proxy->doOperationWithLargeDataClientSideAsync(largeMap, sdbus::with_future);
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(future.get(), Eq(largeMap));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, AnswersThatAsyncCallIsPendingIfItIsInProgress)
+{
+    this->m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t /*res*/, std::optional<sdbus::Error> /*err*/){});
+
+    auto call = this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(100);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(call.isPending());
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, CancelsPendingAsyncCallOnClientSide)
+{
+    std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
+    auto future = promise.get_future();
+    this->m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t /*res*/, std::optional<sdbus::Error> /*err*/){ promise.set_value(1); });
+    auto call = this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(100);
+
+    call.cancel();
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(future.wait_for(300ms), Eq(std::future_status::timeout));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, CancelsPendingAsyncCallOnClientSideByDestroyingOwningSlot)
+{
+    std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
+    auto future = promise.get_future();
+    this->m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t /*res*/, std::optional<sdbus::Error> /*err*/){ promise.set_value(1); });
+
+    {
+        auto slot = this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(100, sdbus::return_slot);
+        // Now the slot is destroyed, cancelling the async call
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(future.wait_for(300ms), Eq(std::future_status::timeout));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, AnswersThatAsyncCallIsNotPendingAfterItHasBeenCancelled)
+{
+    std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
+    auto future = promise.get_future();
+    this->m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t /*res*/, std::optional<sdbus::Error> /*err*/){ promise.set_value(1); });
+    auto call = this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(100);
+
+    call.cancel();
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(call.isPending());
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, AnswersThatAsyncCallIsNotPendingAfterItHasBeenCompleted)
+{
+    std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
+    auto future = promise.get_future();
+    this->m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t /*res*/, std::optional<sdbus::Error> /*err*/){ promise.set_value(1); });
+
+    auto call = this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(0);
+    (void) future.get(); // Wait for the call to finish
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(waitUntil([&call](){ return !call.isPending(); }));
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, AnswersThatDefaultConstructedAsyncCallIsNotPending)
+{
+    sdbus::PendingAsyncCall call;
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(call.isPending());
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, SupportsAsyncCallCopyAssignment)
+{
+    sdbus::PendingAsyncCall call;
+
+    call = this->m_proxy->doOperationClientSideAsync(100);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(call.isPending());
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, ReturnsNonnullErrorWhenAsynchronousMethodCallFails)
+{
+    std::promise<uint32_t> promise;
+    auto future = promise.get_future();
+    this->m_proxy->installDoOperationClientSideAsyncReplyHandler([&](uint32_t res, std::optional<sdbus::Error> err)
+    {
+        if (!err)
+            promise.set_value(res);
+        else
+            promise.set_exception(std::make_exception_ptr(*std::move(err)));
+    });
+
+    this->m_proxy->doErroneousOperationClientSideAsync();
+
+    ASSERT_THROW(future.get(), sdbus::Error);
+}
+
+TYPED_TEST(AsyncSdbusTestObject, ThrowsErrorWhenClientSideAsynchronousMethodCallWithFutureFails)
+{
+    auto future = this->m_proxy->doErroneousOperationClientSideAsync(sdbus::with_future);
+
+    ASSERT_THROW(future.get(), sdbus::Error);
+}