Merge pull request #10685 from julek-wolfssl/ci-cache-offload

CI: offload ccache/apt/buildx caches off the GitHub Actions cache

.github/actions/ccache-setup/action.yml

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ description: >
   directory from a previous run, and prepend the ccache compiler-symlink
   dir to PATH. Subsequent gcc/cc/g++/c++/clang invocations are
   transparently intercepted by ccache, so no other workflow step needs to
-  change.
+  change. On scheduled (cron) runs the cache is reseeded from clean
+  compiles (CCACHE_RECACHE) instead of only being updated incrementally,
+  so it can't drift indefinitely.
 
 inputs:
   workflow-id:
@@ -21,6 +23,15 @@ inputs:
     description: 'Per-job ccache max size (passed to ccache -M).'
     required: false
     default: '500M'
+  read-only:
+    description: >
+      When 'true', restore the cache but do NOT save it (no post-job
+      upload). Callers should set this to the result of the expression
+      github.event_name == 'pull_request' so PR runs consume the shared
+      cache read-only - no per-PR entries, no churn - while scheduled/push
+      runs (read-only false) refresh it.
+    required: false
+    default: 'false'
 
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
@@ -41,7 +52,10 @@ runs:
           exit 1
         fi
 
+    # read-only=false (default): restore + post-job save (the run_id in the
+    # key never hits, so it always saves its contribution).
     - name: Restore + save ccache
+      if: inputs.read-only != 'true'
       uses: actions/cache@v5
       with:
         path: ~/.ccache
@@ -52,6 +66,19 @@ runs:
         restore-keys: |
           ccache-${{ inputs.workflow-id }}-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${{ inputs.config-hash }}-
           ccache-${{ inputs.workflow-id }}-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-
+    # read-only=true: restore the shared cache but never upload (PR runs).
+    - name: Restore ccache (read-only)
+      if: inputs.read-only == 'true'
+      uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
+      with:
+        path: ~/.ccache
+        # Same key shape as the save branch, for symmetry. This branch never
+        # saves, so the run_id/run_attempt primary key is never an exact hit -
+        # the restore-keys below always supply the most recent seeded cache.
+        key: ccache-${{ inputs.workflow-id }}-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${{ inputs.config-hash }}-${{ github.run_id }}-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+        restore-keys: |
+          ccache-${{ inputs.workflow-id }}-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${{ inputs.config-hash }}-
+          ccache-${{ inputs.workflow-id }}-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-
 
     - name: Configure ccache and PATH
       shell: bash
@@ -76,6 +103,18 @@ runs:
         echo "$CCACHE_LIBEXEC" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
         echo "CCACHE_DIR=$HOME/.ccache" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
 
+    # On the scheduled (cron) refresh, force every compile to miss the
+    # cache and re-store a fresh result (CCACHE_RECACHE still writes, it
+    # just skips lookups). This reseeds the shared cache from clean
+    # compiles instead of only layering deltas onto whatever accumulated,
+    # so a bad/stale entry can't live forever. The cache is still saved
+    # (read-only is false on schedule), and PR/push runs are unaffected -
+    # they keep their warm hits. Cost: the scheduled jobs recompile fully.
+    - name: Force fresh compiles on scheduled reseed
+      if: github.event_name == 'schedule'
+      shell: bash
+      run: echo "CCACHE_RECACHE=1" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
     - name: Show ccache stats (initial)
       shell: bash
       run: ccache -s

.github/actions/install-apt-deps/action.yml

@@ -20,11 +20,65 @@ inputs:
     description: 'Cache apt archives (disable for dynamic package names)'
     required: false
     default: 'true'
+  ghcr-debs-tag:
+    description: >
+      Tag of a prebuilt .deb bundle published to
+      ghcr.io/<owner>/wolfssl-ci-debs by the ci-deps-image workflow
+      (e.g. "ubuntu-24.04-minimal"). When set, the packages are installed
+      offline from that bundle and the apt cache path below is skipped; on
+      that happy path the apt mirror is not contacted. The offline install
+      is all-or-nothing (a single --no-download install of the whole set),
+      so any failure - bundle missing, not public, or not covering every
+      requested package - falls back to the apt path. Always safe to set;
+      leave empty to use apt only.
+    required: false
+    default: ''
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
+    # Preferred path: install from a prebuilt .deb bundle pulled from ghcr,
+    # entirely offline (--no-download), so a flaky/timing-out apt mirror
+    # cannot break the build. Best-effort: on any failure we leave
+    # "satisfied" unset and the apt steps below run unchanged. The bundle
+    # image must be PUBLIC so anonymous `docker pull` works (including from
+    # fork PRs whose GITHUB_TOKEN cannot read private packages).
+    - name: Install from ghcr .deb bundle (offline)
+      id: ghcr
+      if: inputs.ghcr-debs-tag != ''
+      shell: bash
+      run: |
+        set -u
+        command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo "::notice::docker unavailable; using apt"; exit 0; }
+        # Hardcode the upstream owner: the bundle is only ever published under
+        # ghcr.io/wolfssl by ci-deps-image (gated to the wolfssl org), so fork
+        # PRs read the public upstream image too rather than a nonexistent
+        # ghcr.io/<fork>/wolfssl-ci-debs.
+        IMG="ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-ci-debs:${{ inputs.ghcr-debs-tag }}"
+        if ! docker pull -q "$IMG" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+          echo "::notice::ghcr bundle $IMG unavailable; using apt"
+          exit 0
+        fi
+        cid=$(docker create "$IMG" 2>/dev/null) || { echo "::notice::cannot open bundle; using apt"; exit 0; }
+        rm -rf "$RUNNER_TEMP/ghcr-debs"; mkdir -p "$RUNNER_TEMP/ghcr-debs"
+        docker cp "$cid:/debs/." "$RUNNER_TEMP/ghcr-debs/" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        docker rm "$cid" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+        ls "$RUNNER_TEMP"/ghcr-debs/*.deb >/dev/null 2>&1 || { echo "::notice::bundle had no .debs; using apt"; exit 0; }
+        sudo cp "$RUNNER_TEMP"/ghcr-debs/*.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/
+        NO_REC=""
+        if [ "${{ inputs.no-install-recommends }}" = "true" ]; then
+          NO_REC="--no-install-recommends"
+        fi
+        # --no-download forbids any network fetch: if the bundle is missing
+        # a package this fails cleanly (nothing installed) and we fall back.
+        if sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y $NO_REC --no-download ${{ inputs.packages }}; then
+          echo "satisfied=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "Installed offline from $IMG: ${{ inputs.packages }}"
+        else
+          echo "::notice::offline install incomplete for $IMG; using apt"
+        fi
+
     - name: Compute cache key
-      if: inputs.cache == 'true'
+      if: inputs.cache == 'true' && steps.ghcr.outputs.satisfied != 'true'
       id: cache-key
       shell: bash
       run: |
@@ -35,7 +89,7 @@ runs:
         echo "restore-key=apt-deps-${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}-${OS_VERSION}-" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
     - name: Restore apt cache
-      if: inputs.cache == 'true'
+      if: inputs.cache == 'true' && steps.ghcr.outputs.satisfied != 'true'
       id: apt-cache
       uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
       with:
@@ -44,7 +98,7 @@ runs:
         restore-keys: ${{ steps.cache-key.outputs.restore-key }}
 
     - name: Pre-seed apt archives from cache
-      if: inputs.cache == 'true' && steps.apt-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true'
+      if: inputs.cache == 'true' && steps.apt-cache.outputs.cache-hit == 'true' && steps.ghcr.outputs.satisfied != 'true'
       shell: bash
       run: |
         if [ -d ~/apt-cache ] && ls ~/apt-cache/*.deb >/dev/null 2>&1; then
@@ -53,6 +107,7 @@ runs:
         fi
 
     - name: Install packages
+      if: steps.ghcr.outputs.satisfied != 'true'
       shell: bash
       env:
         APT_CACHE_HIT: ${{ steps.apt-cache.outputs.cache-hit }}
@@ -90,8 +145,11 @@ runs:
           DELAY=$((DELAY * 2))
         done
 
+    # PR runs never write the apt cache (no churn); only push/schedule runs
+    # refresh it. The make-check family does not need it anyway - it installs
+    # from the ghcr bundle above.
     - name: Collect .deb files for cache
-      if: inputs.cache == 'true' && steps.apt-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+      if: inputs.cache == 'true' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && steps.apt-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true' && steps.ghcr.outputs.satisfied != 'true'
       shell: bash
       run: |
         mkdir -p ~/apt-cache
@@ -99,7 +157,7 @@ runs:
         echo "Cached $(ls ~/apt-cache/*.deb 2>/dev/null | wc -l) .deb files"
 
     - name: Save apt cache
-      if: inputs.cache == 'true' && steps.apt-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+      if: inputs.cache == 'true' && github.event_name != 'pull_request' && steps.apt-cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true' && steps.ghcr.outputs.satisfied != 'true'
       uses: actions/cache/save@v5
       with:
         path: ~/apt-cache

.github/ci-deps/packages-ubuntu-22.04-full.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# make-check family + interop apt packages for ubuntu-22.04 (the '-full'
+# bundle: ghcr.io/<owner>/wolfssl-ci-debs:ubuntu-22.04-full). Superset of
+# -minimal; interop workflows install their subset offline from it.
+# Keep sorted; add a package when an interop workflow adds one.
+autoconf
+automake
+bison
+bridge-utils
+build-essential
+ca-certificates
+cargo
+ccache
+chrpath
+cmake
+cpio
+crossbuild-essential-arm64
+crossbuild-essential-armel
+crossbuild-essential-armhf
+crossbuild-essential-riscv64
+device-tree-compiler
+dfu-util
+diffstat
+dos2unix
+doxygen
+file
+flex
+g++
+g++-multilib
+gawk
+gcc
+gcc-multilib
+gcovr
+git
+git-core
+gnupg
+gperf
+gtk-sharp3
+help2man
+iproute2
+lcov
+libcairo2-dev
+libglib2.0-dev
+libgtk2.0-0
+liblocale-gettext-perl
+libmagic1
+libncurses5-dev
+libpcap-dev
+libpopt0
+libsdl1.2-dev
+libsdl2-dev
+libssl-dev
+libtool
+libtool-bin
+locales
+make
+net-tools
+ninja-build
+openssh-client
+ovmf
+parallel
+pkg-config
+python-is-python3
+python3-dev
+python3-pip
+python3-ply
+python3-setuptools
+python3-tk
+python3-wheel
+qemu-kvm
+qemu-user
+rsync
+socat
+srecord
+sudo
+texinfo
+uml-utilities
+unzip
+wget
+xz-utils
+zip

.github/ci-deps/packages-ubuntu-22.04-minimal.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# make-check family apt packages for ubuntu-22.04 (the '-minimal'
+# bundle: ghcr.io/<owner>/wolfssl-ci-debs:ubuntu-22.04-minimal). UNION of
+# every family workflow's list; superset is fine. Keep sorted.
+autoconf
+automake
+build-essential
+crossbuild-essential-arm64
+crossbuild-essential-armel
+crossbuild-essential-armhf
+crossbuild-essential-riscv64
+libtool
+qemu-user

.github/ci-deps/packages-ubuntu-24.04-full.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# make-check family + interop apt packages for ubuntu-24.04 (the '-full'
+# bundle: ghcr.io/<owner>/wolfssl-ci-debs:ubuntu-24.04-full). Superset of
+# -minimal; interop workflows install their subset offline from it.
+# Keep sorted; add a package when an interop workflow adds one.
+apache2
+apache2-dev
+autoconf
+autoconf-archive
+automake
+autopoint
+bubblewrap
+build-essential
+ccache
+clang
+clang-14
+clang-19
+cmake
+g++-10
+g++-11
+g++-12
+g++-9
+gcc-10
+gcc-11
+gcc-12
+gcc-9
+gcc-multilib
+gettext
+gyp
+jq
+krb5-admin-server
+krb5-kdc
+krb5-otp
+libbz2-dev
+libc++-dev
+libcap-dev
+libcap-ng-dev
+libcmocka-dev
+libcppunit-dev
+libcunit1
+libcunit1-dev
+libcunit1-doc
+libcurl4-openssl-dev
+libdb5.3-dev
+libev-dev
+libevent-2.1-7
+libevent-dev
+libffi-dev
+libgdbm-dev
+libgtest-dev
+libidn2-dev
+libio-socket-ssl-perl
+libjansson-dev
+libkrb5-dev
+liblz4-dev
+liblzma-dev
+liblzo2-dev
+libncursesw5-dev
+libnghttp2-dev
+libnl-genl-3-200
+libnl-genl-3-dev
+libnss-wrapper
+libnss3-dev
+libp11-dev
+libpam-dev
+libpam0g-dev
+libpcre2-dev
+libpsl-dev
+libpsl5
+libreadline-dev
+librtlsdr-dev
+libsecret-1-dev
+libsocket-wrapper
+libsqlite3-dev
+libssl-dev
+libtool
+liburcu-dev
+libuv1-dev
+linux-libc-dev
+make
+man2html
+meson
+mono-complete
+nghttp2
+ninja-build
+pkg-config
+pkgconf
+psmisc
+python3-docutils
+python3-impacket
+python3-psutil
+shellcheck
+uuid-dev
+valgrind
+zlib1g-dev

.github/ci-deps/packages-ubuntu-24.04-minimal.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# make-check family apt packages for ubuntu-24.04 (the '-minimal'
+# bundle: ghcr.io/<owner>/wolfssl-ci-debs:ubuntu-24.04-minimal). UNION of
+# every family workflow's list; superset is fine. Keep sorted.
+autoconf
+automake
+bubblewrap
+build-essential
+ccache
+clang-14
+clang-19
+g++-10
+g++-11
+g++-12
+g++-9
+gcc-10
+gcc-11
+gcc-12
+gcc-9
+gcc-multilib
+libtool

.github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py

@@ -468,9 +468,22 @@ def main() -> int:
                    help="give each build dir a private copy of this "
                         "symlinked source directory before make check, for "
                         "tests that write into it (repeatable)")
+    p.add_argument("--build-only", action="store_true",
+                   help="build every config but skip the make-check phase "
+                        "and any post-build \"run\" commands: the compile "
+                        "still populates ccache, which is the point when "
+                        "seeding a shared cache on a schedule")
     opts = p.parse_args()
 
     all_configs = load_configs(opts, p.error)
+    if opts.build_only:
+        # Pure build: drop the check phase (and post-build "run" steps) for
+        # every config. The compile alone fully populates ccache, so a
+        # scheduled --build-only pass on the default branch warms the
+        # shared cache that PR runs restore, without spending time on tests.
+        for cfg in all_configs:
+            cfg.check = False
+            cfg.run = []
     selected = all_configs
     if opts.configs:
         by_name = {cfg.name: cfg for cfg in all_configs}

.github/workflows/ada.yml

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
       with:
         packages: valgrind
+        ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
     - name: Run Ada wrapper tests (valgrind)
       working-directory: ./wrapper/Ada/tests

.github/workflows/async.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '8 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -35,6 +40,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -42,6 +48,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: async
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 250M
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
@@ -83,6 +90,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --private-dir=certs \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/async-configs.json"
 
@@ -94,6 +102,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: async-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/atecc608-sim.yml

@@ -7,12 +7,21 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekend cron and manual workflow_dispatch refresh the shared ghcr build
+  # cache that PR runs read (cache-to below is gated to those two events).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 6 * * 6'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 # END OF COMMON SECTION
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+
 # Build the ATECC608 software simulator (https://github.com/wolfSSL/simulators,
 # ATECC608Sim/ subdirectory), build wolfSSL against cryptoauthlib + the
 # simulator's TCP HAL, and run the wolfCrypt ATECC608 test binary against the
@@ -76,6 +85,10 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
 
+      - name: Log in to ghcr (cache refresh on cron/manual dispatch)
+        if: github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
+
       - name: Build wolfCrypt-ATECC608 test image
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
         with:
@@ -84,8 +97,8 @@ jobs:
           push: false
           load: true
           tags: wolfssl-atecc608-sim:ci
-          cache-from: type=gha
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:atecc608
+          cache-to: ${{ (github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') && 'type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:atecc608,mode=max' || '' }}
 
       - name: Run wolfCrypt tests against simulator
         run: docker run --rm wolfssl-atecc608-sim:ci

.github/workflows/bind.yml

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: libuv1-dev libnghttp2-dev libcap-dev libcmocka-dev liburcu-dev
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Checkout OSP
         uses: actions/checkout@v5

.github/workflows/check-headers.yml

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       - name: autogen
         run: ./autogen.sh

.github/workflows/check-source-text.yml

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: shellcheck
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Collect files to check
         id: files

.github/workflows/ci-deps-image.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+name: CI deps image
+
+# Builds the prebuilt apt .deb bundles that the make-check family (the
+# -minimal tags) and the interop workflows (the -full tags, a superset)
+# install offline (see .github/actions/install-apt-deps, input
+# ghcr-debs-tag). Each bundle holds the .debs for a package list in
+# .github/ci-deps/ - every package plus the dependencies not already on the
+# matching runner image, so it is tied to that runner rather than being a
+# portable, self-contained closure - published to
+# ghcr.io/<owner>/wolfssl-ci-debs:<tag>.
+#
+# Why: the apt mirror times out often enough to break PR CI. Resolving the
+# closure ONCE here (on master, where a slow mirror only delays this job and
+# is retried hard) and pulling it from ghcr on every PR keeps apt off the PR
+# critical path entirely. ghcr storage/bandwidth is free for public images
+# and is a separate pool from the 10 GB Actions cache.
+#
+# ONE-TIME SETUP: after the first successful run, make the package
+# `wolfssl-ci-debs` PUBLIC (repo/org > Packages > Package settings >
+# Change visibility). Anonymous `docker pull` then works from fork PRs too;
+# until then install-apt-deps simply falls back to apt (no breakage).
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    # Weekend only - refresh the bundles weekly so they track base-image
+    # security updates. A mid-week package-list change waits for Saturday
+    # (or run this manually via workflow_dispatch); until then the offline
+    # install (a single --no-download install of the whole set) fails if any
+    # requested package is missing from the bundle, and install-apt-deps
+    # falls back to the full apt path.
+    - cron: '0 2 * * 6'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ci-deps-image-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: build ${{ matrix.tag }}
+    if: github.repository_owner == 'wolfssl'
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          # The .debs must be downloaded on the same Ubuntu version that
+          # consumes them, so the runner matches the tag. -minimal is the
+          # make-check family's packages (small, pulled on every PR);
+          # -full adds the interop workflows' packages (a superset).
+          - runner: ubuntu-24.04
+            tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
+          - runner: ubuntu-24.04
+            tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            tag: ubuntu-22.04-minimal
+          - runner: ubuntu-22.04
+            tag: ubuntu-22.04-full
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+    timeout-minutes: 20
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+
+      - name: Resolve and download the .deb closure
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          LIST=".github/ci-deps/packages-${{ matrix.tag }}.txt"
+          mapfile -t PKGS < <(grep -vE '^[[:space:]]*#|^[[:space:]]*$' "$LIST")
+          echo "Packages (${#PKGS[@]}): ${PKGS[*]}"
+          export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+          rm -rf debs && mkdir -p debs
+          sudo apt-get clean
+          # Retry the flaky bits; this is the one place we accept apt risk.
+          retry() { local i; for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do "$@" && return 0; sleep $((2**i)); done; "$@"; }
+          retry sudo apt-get update -q
+          # Download each package's closure independently (requested package +
+          # any dependency not already installed) without installing. Per
+          # package, not one resolve of the whole list, so one unbundleable
+          # package - e.g. a conflict in the big -full union - cannot abort the
+          # rest; install-apt-deps falls back to apt for anything missing.
+          skipped=0
+          for pkg in "${PKGS[@]}"; do
+            retry sudo apt-get install -y --download-only "$pkg" \
+              || { echo "::warning::could not download $pkg"; skipped=$((skipped+1)); }
+          done
+          sudo cp /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb debs/ 2>/dev/null || true
+          echo "Bundled $(ls debs/*.deb 2>/dev/null | wc -l) .deb files ($(du -sh debs | cut -f1)); ${skipped} skipped"
+          test -n "$(ls debs/*.deb 2>/dev/null)"  # fail if nothing was bundled
+
+      - name: Build bundle image
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          # Tiny busybox base so the consumer can `docker create`/`docker cp`
+          # the .debs out; the base size is negligible next to the .debs.
+          printf 'FROM busybox\nCOPY debs /debs\n' > Dockerfile.debs
+          docker build -f Dockerfile.debs -t bundle .
+
+      - name: Log in to ghcr
+        shell: bash
+        run: echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
+
+      - name: Push to ghcr
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          OWNER=$(echo "${{ github.repository_owner }}" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
+          IMG="ghcr.io/$OWNER/wolfssl-ci-debs"
+          # One mutable tag per bundle variant; each run overwrites it, so the
+          # package keeps exactly one version per variant (no dated duplicates).
+          docker tag bundle "$IMG:${{ matrix.tag }}"
+          docker push "$IMG:${{ matrix.tag }}"
+          echo "Pushed $IMG:${{ matrix.tag }}"

.github/workflows/cmake-autoconf.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
       with:
         packages: cmake autoconf automake libtool
+        ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
 # build and install wolfssl via autotools for CMake consumer test
     - name: Build wolfssl with autotools

.github/workflows/cmake.yml

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
       with:
         packages: cmake
+        ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
 # build wolfssl
     - name: Build wolfssl

.github/workflows/cryptocb-only.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '12 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -35,6 +40,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -42,6 +48,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: cryptocb-only
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 200M
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
@@ -216,6 +223,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --private-dir=certs \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/cryptocb-only-configs.json"
 
@@ -227,6 +235,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: cryptocb-only-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/curl.yml

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
       with:
         packages: nghttp2 libpsl5 libpsl-dev python3-impacket apache2 apache2-dev
+        ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
     - name: Download lib
       uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/cyrus-sasl.yml

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: krb5-kdc krb5-otp libkrb5-dev libsocket-wrapper libnss-wrapper krb5-admin-server libdb5.3-dev
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Download lib
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/disable-pk-algs.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '16 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -35,6 +40,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -42,6 +48,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: disable-pk-algs
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 150M
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
@@ -124,6 +131,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --private-dir=certs \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/disable-pk-algs-configs.json"
 
@@ -135,6 +143,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: disable-pk-algs-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/docker-OpenWrt.yml

@@ -9,12 +9,21 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekend cron and manual workflow_dispatch refresh the shared ghcr build
+  # cache that PR runs read (cache-to below is gated to those two events).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '30 7 * * 6'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 # END OF COMMON SECTION
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+
 jobs:
     build_library:
         name: Compile libwolfssl.so
@@ -54,6 +63,9 @@ jobs:
         steps:
             - uses: actions/checkout@v5
             - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
+            - name: Log in to ghcr (cache refresh on cron/manual dispatch)
+              if: github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+              run: echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
             - uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
               with:
                 name: openwrt-libwolfssl.so
@@ -68,5 +80,5 @@ jobs:
                   push: false
                   tags: openwrt-test:latest
                   build-args: DOCKER_BASE_CONTAINER=openwrt/rootfs:x86-64-${{ matrix.release }}
-                  cache-from: type=gha
-                  cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
+                  cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:openwrt-${{ matrix.release }}
+                  cache-to: ${{ (github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') && format('type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:openwrt-{0},mode=max', matrix.release) || '' }}

.github/workflows/emnet-nonblock.yml

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       - name: Bootstrap
         run: ./autogen.sh

.github/workflows/grpc.yml

@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: build-essential autoconf libtool pkg-config cmake clang libc++-dev
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Download lib
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/haproxy.yml

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
       with:
         packages: libpcre2-dev
+        ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
     - name: Download lib
       uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/ipmitool.yml

@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: libreadline-dev
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
       - name: Download lib
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
         with:

.github/workflows/jwt-cpp.yml

@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: libgtest-dev
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Download lib
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/memcached.yml

@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: libevent-dev libevent-2.1-7 automake pkg-config make libio-socket-ssl-perl
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Checkout memcached
         uses: actions/checkout@v5

.github/workflows/mono.yml

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
       with:
         packages: mono-complete
+        ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
     - name: Copy wolfSSL.dll to C# wrapper directory
       run: |

.github/workflows/mosquitto.yml

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: build-essential libev-dev libssl-dev automake python3-docutils libcunit1 libcunit1-doc libcunit1-dev pkg-config make python3-psutil
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Checkout mosquitto
         uses: actions/checkout@v5

.github/workflows/msmtp.yml

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool pkg-config gettext libidn2-dev libsecret-1-dev autopoint
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Checkout msmtp
         uses: actions/checkout@v5

.github/workflows/multi-arch.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '20 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -33,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential crossbuild-essential-arm64 crossbuild-essential-armhf crossbuild-essential-riscv64 crossbuild-essential-armel qemu-user
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-22.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -40,6 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: multi-arch
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 500M
 
       # NOTE: the old runner-per-config matrix combined an "include" list
@@ -246,6 +253,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/multi-arch-configs.json"
 
       - name: ccache stats
@@ -256,6 +264,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: multi-arch-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/multi-compiler.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '24 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -33,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential gcc-9 g++-9 gcc-10 g++-10 gcc-11 g++-11 gcc-12 g++-12 clang-14 clang-19
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -40,6 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: multi-compiler
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 500M
 
       # One entry per compiler (the former one-runner-per-compiler matrix):
@@ -89,6 +96,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/multi-compiler-configs.json"
 
       - name: ccache stats
@@ -99,6 +107,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: multi-compiler-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/no-malloc.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '28 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -33,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -40,6 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: no-malloc
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 100M
 
       # The JSON list below is the former runner-per-config matrix. These
@@ -71,6 +78,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/no-malloc-configs.json"
 
       - name: ccache stats
@@ -81,6 +89,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: no-malloc-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/nss.yml

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: gyp ninja-build
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Checkout nss
         if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
@@ -88,6 +89,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: gyp ninja-build
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Checkout nss (fallback on cache miss)
         if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'

.github/workflows/opensslcoexist.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '32 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -35,6 +40,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -42,6 +48,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: opensslcoexist
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 150M
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
@@ -72,6 +79,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --private-dir=certs \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/opensslcoexist-configs.json"
 
@@ -83,6 +91,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: opensslcoexist-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/openvpn.yml

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: liblzo2-dev libpam0g-dev liblz4-dev libcap-ng-dev linux-libc-dev man2html libcmocka-dev python3-docutils libtool automake autoconf libnl-genl-3-dev libnl-genl-3-200
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: workaround high-entropy ASLR
         # not needed after either an update to llvm or runner is done

.github/workflows/os-check.yml

@@ -16,6 +16,13 @@ on:
     paths-ignore:
       - '**/*.md'
       - 'doc/**'
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs restore: the
+  # linux and macOS jobs re-run --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch, where their ccache writes are visible to every PR. Only
+  # Windows is skipped on schedule (see its job `if`) - seeding the linux and
+  # macOS shards is where the cold-cache cost lives.
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -68,6 +75,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap ccache
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
       # which would stop the test scripts from re-execing under
@@ -81,8 +89,11 @@ jobs:
       - name: Pin ccache directory
         run: echo "CCACHE_DIR=$HOME/.cache/ccache" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
 
+      # PRs restore the cache the weekday seed writes but never save it, so
+      # PR runs add no per-shard ccache entries to the Actions cache. The
+      # seed (schedule) saves below.
       - name: Restore ccache
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/ccache
           # Per-shard cache lineage: each shard compiles a distinct config
@@ -94,6 +105,13 @@ jobs:
             os-check-linux-ccache-${{ matrix.shard }}-
             os-check-linux-ccache-
 
+      # On the weekday seed, force clean recompiles (CCACHE_RECACHE) so the
+      # saved master ccache is reseeded from scratch rather than only
+      # accumulating deltas. PR/push runs leave it unset and keep their warm hits.
+      - name: Force fresh compiles on scheduled reseed
+        if: github.event_name == 'schedule'
+        run: echo "CCACHE_RECACHE=1" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
       - name: autogen
         run: |
           ccache -z
@@ -380,10 +398,20 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --shard "${{ matrix.shard }}/${{ strategy.job-total }}" \
             --cflags='-pedantic -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wnull-dereference -Wno-overlength-strings -DTEST_LIBWOLFSSL_SOURCES_INCLUSION_SEQUENCE' \
             --private-dir=certs "$RUNNER_TEMP/os-check-configs.json"
 
+      # Seed runs (schedule) refresh the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+      # restore above; PR/push runs never save, so PRs add nothing.
+      - name: Save ccache (seed only)
+        if: github.event_name == 'schedule'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ~/.cache/ccache
+          key: os-check-linux-ccache-${{ matrix.shard }}-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ github.sha }}
+
       - name: ccache stats
         if: always()
         run: ccache -s || true
@@ -392,6 +420,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: os-check-linux-logs-${{ matrix.shard }}
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log
@@ -413,6 +442,9 @@ jobs:
   # macos-apple-native-cert-validation.yml workflow.
   make_check_macos:
     name: make check macos
+    # Runs on PRs/pushes and on the weekday ccache-seed cron, where it
+    # --build-only-seeds the macOS ccache (like the linux shards). Only
+    # Windows is skipped on schedule (no ccache to seed).
     if: ${{ (github.repository_owner == 'wolfssl') && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.draft == false) }}
     runs-on: macos-latest
     # Serial checks: roughly the sum of the per-config minutes plus
@@ -442,6 +474,8 @@ jobs:
         with:
           workflow-id: os-check-macos
           max-size: 500M
+          # PRs read the weekday-seeded macOS ccache; only the seed saves.
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
 
       # Same JSON config format as make_check_linux above; "minutes" only
       # orders the serial schedule here (longest first).
@@ -478,6 +512,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --threads 1 --cc= \
             --cflags='-pedantic -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wnull-dereference -Wno-overlength-strings -DTEST_LIBWOLFSSL_SOURCES_INCLUSION_SEQUENCE' \
             --private-dir=certs "$RUNNER_TEMP/os-check-macos-configs.json"
@@ -490,6 +525,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: os-check-macos-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log
@@ -499,7 +535,8 @@ jobs:
 
   windows_build:
     name: Windows Build Test
-    if: ${{ (github.repository_owner == 'wolfssl') && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.draft == false) }}
+    # Skipped on the weekday ccache-seed cron: no ccache to seed here.
+    if: ${{ (github.repository_owner == 'wolfssl') && (github.event_name != 'schedule') && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.draft == false) }}
     runs-on: windows-latest
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false

.github/workflows/pam-ipmi.yml

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: libpam-dev ninja-build meson
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Download lib
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/pic32mz-sim.yml

@@ -6,12 +6,21 @@ on:
     branches: [ 'master', 'main', 'release/**' ]
   pull_request:
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekend cron and manual workflow_dispatch refresh the shared ghcr build
+  # cache that PR runs read (cache-to below is gated to those two events).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 7 * * 6'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 # END OF COMMON SECTION
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+
 # Build the PIC32MZ software simulator (https://github.com/wolfSSL/simulators,
 # PIC32MZSim/ subdirectory) and run the wolfCrypt test suite on emulated
 # PIC32MZ EC (no FPU, CE ignores OUT_SWAP) and EF (FPU + OUT_SWAP) parts,
@@ -67,6 +76,10 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
 
+      - name: Log in to ghcr (cache refresh on cron/manual dispatch)
+        if: github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
+
       - name: Build ${{ matrix.image_tag }} image
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
         with:
@@ -75,8 +88,10 @@ jobs:
           push: false
           load: true
           tags: ${{ matrix.image_tag }}
-          cache-from: type=gha,scope=${{ matrix.cache_scope }}
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max,scope=${{ matrix.cache_scope }}
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:${{ matrix.cache_scope }}
+          # Write only on the weekend cron, and only from the EC entry of each
+          # image, so the two chips that share a scope do not race on the push.
+          cache-to: ${{ ((github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') && matrix.chip_label == 'EC') && format('type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:{0},mode=max', matrix.cache_scope) || '' }}
 
       - name: Run wolfCrypt tests on PIC32MZ ${{ matrix.chip_label }} (${{ matrix.port_label }})
         run: |

.github/workflows/pq-all.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs restore, by
+  # re-running --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the default branch.
+  # PR runs are read-only.
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '4 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -39,6 +44,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -48,6 +54,9 @@ jobs:
           workflow-id: pq-all
           config-hash: shard-${{ matrix.shard }}
           max-size: 350M
+          # PRs read the cache the weekday seed writes; they never
+          # save, so PR runs add nothing to the Actions cache.
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
       # which would stop the test scripts from re-execing under
@@ -220,6 +229,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --shard "${{ matrix.shard }}/${{ strategy.job-total }}" \
             --private-dir=certs \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/pq-all-configs.json"
@@ -232,6 +242,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: pq-all-logs-${{ matrix.shard }}
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/psk.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '36 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -35,6 +40,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -42,6 +48,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: psk
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 100M
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
@@ -95,6 +102,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --private-dir=certs \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/psk-configs.json"
 
@@ -106,6 +114,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: psk-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/python.yml

@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: build-essential autoconf automake autoconf-archive pkgconf libffi-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libsqlite3-dev zlib1g-dev libncursesw5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev liblzma-dev uuid-dev pkg-config
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Download wolfSSL
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/rng-tools.yml

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: libcurl4-openssl-dev libjansson-dev libp11-dev librtlsdr-dev libcap-dev
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Download lib
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/se050-sim.yml

@@ -7,12 +7,21 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekend cron and manual workflow_dispatch refresh the shared ghcr build
+  # cache that PR runs read (cache-to below is gated to those two events).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '15 6 * * 6'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 # END OF COMMON SECTION
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+
 # Build the SE050 software simulator (https://github.com/wolfSSL/simulators,
 # SE050Sim/ subdirectory), build wolfSSL against its NXP Plug&Trust SDK +
 # simulator bridge, and run the wolfCrypt SE050 test binary against the
@@ -55,6 +64,10 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
 
+      - name: Log in to ghcr (cache refresh on cron/manual dispatch)
+        if: github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
+
       - name: Build wolfCrypt-SE050 test image
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
         with:
@@ -63,8 +76,8 @@ jobs:
           push: false
           load: true
           tags: wolfssl-se050-sim:ci
-          cache-from: type=gha
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:se050
+          cache-to: ${{ (github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') && 'type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:se050,mode=max' || '' }}
 
       - name: Run wolfCrypt tests against simulator
         run: docker run --rm wolfssl-se050-sim:ci

.github/workflows/smallStackSize.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '40 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -33,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -40,6 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: smallstacksize
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 150M
 
       # The JSON list below is the former runner-per-config matrix (the
@@ -118,6 +125,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/smallstacksize-configs.json"
 
       - name: ccache stats
@@ -128,6 +136,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: smallstacksize-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/smoke-test.yml

@@ -36,9 +36,13 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ master, main ]
+  # Weekday-morning (10:00 UTC) build-only seed of the master-scoped ccache that PR runs restore
+  # (in addition to the master pushes above). PR runs are read-only.
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '56 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
-  group: smoke-${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  group: smoke-${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event_name }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 permissions:
@@ -90,6 +94,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap ccache
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
       # which would stop the test scripts from re-execing under
@@ -99,15 +104,17 @@ jobs:
         run: sudo sysctl -w kernel.apparmor_restrict_unprivileged_userns=0 || true
 
       # ccache's default cache dir (XDG ~/.cache/ccache) is what the
-      # actions/cache step below saves; pin it explicitly so the two
+      # actions/cache steps below restore/save; pin it explicitly so the two
       # cannot drift apart (e.g. if a later change sets CCACHE_DIR).
       - name: Pin ccache directory
         if: steps.merge_check.outputs.skip != 'true'
         run: echo "CCACHE_DIR=$HOME/.cache/ccache" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
 
+      # PRs restore the cache the master pushes / weekday seed write, but
+      # never save it (the save step is gated to non-PR events below).
       - name: Restore ccache
         if: steps.merge_check.outputs.skip != 'true'
-        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v5
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/ccache
           key: smoke-ccache-${{ github.base_ref || github.ref_name }}-${{ github.sha }}
@@ -153,9 +160,18 @@ jobs:
             {"name": "leantls-extra", "configure": ["--enable-leantls", "--enable-session-ticket", "--enable-sni", "--enable-opensslextra"]}
           ]
           EOF
-          .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py --cflags=-Werror \
+          .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} --cflags=-Werror \
             --private-dir=certs "$RUNNER_TEMP/smoke-configs.json"
 
+      # Seed (master pushes + the weekday cron) writes the master-scoped
+      # ccache that PR runs restore; PRs never save.
+      - name: Save ccache
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' && steps.merge_check.outputs.skip != 'true'
+        uses: actions/cache/save@v5
+        with:
+          path: ~/.cache/ccache
+          key: smoke-ccache-${{ github.ref_name }}-${{ github.sha }}
+
       - name: ccache stats
         if: always() && steps.merge_check.outputs.skip != 'true'
         run: ccache -s || true
@@ -164,6 +180,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure() && steps.merge_check.outputs.skip != 'true'
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: smoke-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/socat.yml

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: build-essential autoconf libtool pkg-config clang libc++-dev
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Download lib
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/softhsm.yml

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: libcppunit-dev
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Download lib
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v7

.github/workflows/stm32-sim.yml

@@ -7,12 +7,21 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekend cron and manual workflow_dispatch refresh the shared ghcr build
+  # cache that PR runs read (cache-to below is gated to those two events).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '15 7 * * 6'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 # END OF COMMON SECTION
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+
 # Build the STM32 software simulator (https://github.com/wolfSSL/simulators,
 # STM32Sim/ subdirectory) and run the wolfCrypt test suite on emulated
 # STM32H753 (Cortex-M7), STM32U585 (Cortex-M33), and STM32MP135 (Cortex-A7)
@@ -74,6 +83,10 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
 
+      - name: Log in to ghcr (cache refresh on cron/manual dispatch)
+        if: github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
+
       - name: Build stm32sim-wolfcrypt image
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
         with:
@@ -82,8 +95,11 @@ jobs:
           push: false
           load: true
           tags: stm32sim-wolfcrypt:ci
-          cache-from: type=gha,scope=stm32sim
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max,scope=stm32sim
+          # Per-chip cache tag: H753/U585 share an image but MP135's context is
+          # sed-patched, and a per-chip tag also keeps the weekend writers from
+          # racing on one ref.
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:stm32-${{ matrix.chip_label }}
+          cache-to: ${{ (github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') && format('type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:stm32-{0},mode=max', matrix.chip_label) || '' }}
 
       - name: Run wolfCrypt tests on STM32${{ matrix.chip_label }}
         run: |

.github/workflows/stsafe-a120-sim.yml

@@ -7,12 +7,21 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekend cron and manual workflow_dispatch refresh the shared ghcr build
+  # cache that PR runs read (cache-to below is gated to those two events).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '30 6 * * 6'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 # END OF COMMON SECTION
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+
 # Build the STSAFE-A120 software simulator (https://github.com/wolfSSL/simulators,
 # STSAFEA120Sim/ subdirectory), build wolfSSL against STMicro's STSELib +
 # simulator bridge, and run the wolfCrypt STSAFE-A120 test binary against the
@@ -82,6 +91,10 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
 
+      - name: Log in to ghcr (cache refresh on cron/manual dispatch)
+        if: github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
+
       - name: Build wolfCrypt-STSAFE-A120 test image
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
         with:
@@ -90,8 +103,8 @@ jobs:
           push: false
           load: true
           tags: wolfssl-stsafe-a120-sim:ci
-          cache-from: type=gha
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:stsafe-a120
+          cache-to: ${{ (github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') && 'type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:stsafe-a120,mode=max' || '' }}
 
       - name: Run wolfCrypt tests against simulator
         run: docker run --rm wolfssl-stsafe-a120-sim:ci

.github/workflows/tls-anvil.yml

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: build-essential autoconf automake libtool jq psmisc
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-full
 
       - name: Pull TLS-Anvil Docker image
         run: docker pull ghcr.io/tls-attacker/tlsanvil:latest

.github/workflows/trackmemory.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '44 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -37,6 +42,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -44,6 +50,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: trackmemory
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 250M
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
@@ -93,6 +100,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --private-dir=certs \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/trackmemory-configs.json"
 
@@ -104,6 +112,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: trackmemory-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/tropic01-sim.yml

@@ -7,12 +7,21 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekend cron and manual workflow_dispatch refresh the shared ghcr build
+  # cache that PR runs read (cache-to below is gated to those two events).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '45 6 * * 6'
+  workflow_dispatch:
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
   cancel-in-progress: true
 # END OF COMMON SECTION
 
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  packages: write
+
 # Build the TROPIC01 software simulator (https://github.com/wolfSSL/simulators,
 # TROPIC01Sim/ subdirectory), build wolfSSL --with-tropic01 against libtropic
 # v0.1.0 + the simulator's TCP HAL, and run Tropic Square's wolfssl-test app
@@ -74,6 +83,10 @@ jobs:
 
       - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v4
 
+      - name: Log in to ghcr (cache refresh on cron/manual dispatch)
+        if: github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+        run: echo "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}" | docker login ghcr.io -u "${{ github.actor }}" --password-stdin
+
       - name: Build wolfCrypt-TROPIC01 test image
         uses: docker/build-push-action@v7
         with:
@@ -82,8 +95,8 @@ jobs:
           push: false
           load: true
           tags: wolfssl-tropic01-sim:ci
-          cache-from: type=gha
-          cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
+          cache-from: type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:tropic01
+          cache-to: ${{ (github.event_name == 'schedule' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch') && 'type=registry,ref=ghcr.io/wolfssl/wolfssl-sim-cache:tropic01,mode=max' || '' }}
 
       - name: Run wolfCrypt tests against simulator
         run: docker run --rm wolfssl-tropic01-sim:ci

.github/workflows/watcomc.yml

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: ${{ matrix.platform.id }}-${{ matrix.thread.id }}-${{ matrix.library.id }}
           path: |
             build/**

.github/workflows/wolfCrypt-Wconversion.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '48 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -33,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential gcc-multilib
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -40,6 +46,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: wconversion
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 300M
 
       # The JSON list below is the former runner-per-config matrix. These
@@ -140,6 +147,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/wconversion-configs.json"
 
       - name: ccache stats
@@ -150,6 +158,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: wconversion-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/wolfboot-integration.yml

@@ -314,6 +314,7 @@ jobs:
         if: always()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: renode-multimem-smallstack-results
           path: wolfboot/test_results/
 
@@ -422,6 +423,7 @@ jobs:
         if: always()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: renode-multimem-smallstack-fastmath-results
           path: wolfboot/test_results/
 
@@ -530,5 +532,6 @@ jobs:
         if: always()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: renode-multimem-smallstack-noasm-results
           path: wolfboot/test_results/

.github/workflows/wolfsm.yml

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     types: [opened, synchronize, reopened, ready_for_review]
     branches: [ '*' ]
+  # Weekday-morning cron (10:00 UTC) seeds the master-scoped ccache that PR runs
+  # restore: re-runs --build-only (compile only, no tests) on the
+  # default branch. PR runs are read-only (see ccache-setup).
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '52 10 * * 1-5'
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
@@ -48,6 +53,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: autoconf automake libtool build-essential bubblewrap
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-24.04-minimal
 
       # ccache via the cross-platform composite; the script passes the
       # compiler to configure as CC="ccache gcc" (or a per-config "cc").
@@ -55,6 +61,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/ccache-setup
         with:
           workflow-id: wolfsm
+          read-only: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' }}
           max-size: 200M
 
       # Ubuntu 24.04 can restrict unprivileged user namespaces via AppArmor,
@@ -88,6 +95,7 @@ jobs:
           ]
           EOF
           .github/scripts/parallel-make-check.py \
+            ${{ github.event_name == 'schedule' && '--build-only' || '' }} \
             --private-dir=certs \
             "$RUNNER_TEMP/wolfsm-configs.json"
 
@@ -99,6 +107,7 @@ jobs:
         if: failure()
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
+          retention-days: 7
           name: wolfsm-logs
           path: |
             build-*/make-check.log

.github/workflows/zephyr.yml

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: ./.github/actions/install-apt-deps
         with:
           packages: zip bridge-utils uml-utilities git cmake ninja-build gperf ccache dfu-util device-tree-compiler wget python3-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-tk python3-wheel xz-utils file make gcc gcc-multilib g++-multilib libsdl2-dev libmagic1 autoconf automake bison build-essential ca-certificates cargo ccache chrpath cmake cpio device-tree-compiler dfu-util diffstat dos2unix doxygen file flex g++ gawk gcc gcovr git git-core gnupg gperf gtk-sharp3 help2man iproute2 lcov libcairo2-dev libglib2.0-dev libgtk2.0-0 liblocale-gettext-perl libncurses5-dev libpcap-dev libpopt0 libsdl1.2-dev libsdl2-dev libssl-dev libtool libtool-bin locales make net-tools ninja-build openssh-client parallel pkg-config python3-dev python3-pip python3-ply python3-setuptools python-is-python3 qemu-kvm rsync socat srecord sudo texinfo unzip wget ovmf xz-utils
+          ghcr-debs-tag: ubuntu-22.04-full
 
       - name: Setup cmake version
         uses: jwlawson/actions-setup-cmake@v2