Fix overflowed()

Closes #2135

.clang-format

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 # http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ClangFormatStyleOptions.html
 
 BasedOnStyle: Google
-Standard: Cpp03
+Standard: c++11
 AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: Empty
+IncludeBlocks: Preserve
+IndentPPDirectives: AfterHash
+DerivePointerAlignment: false
 
 # Always break after if to get accurate coverage
 AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
+AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: false

.devcontainer/clang10/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 10",
+	"image": "conanio/clang10",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang10"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang11/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 11",
+	"image": "conanio/clang11",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang11"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang13/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get install -y cmake git clang-13 libc++-13-dev libc++abi-13-dev
+ENV CC=clang-13 CXX=clang++-13

.devcontainer/clang13/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 13",
+	"build": {
+		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile"
+	},
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang13"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang14/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get install -y cmake git clang-14 libc++-14-dev libc++abi-14-dev
+ENV CC=clang-14 CXX=clang++-14

.devcontainer/clang14/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 14",
+	"build": {
+		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile"
+	},
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang14"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang15/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get install -y cmake git clang-15 libc++-15-dev libc++abi-15-dev
+ENV CC=clang-15 CXX=clang++-15

.devcontainer/clang15/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 15",
+	"build": {
+		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile"
+	},
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang15"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang16/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get install -y cmake git clang-16 libc++-16-dev libc++abi-16-dev
+ENV CC=clang-16 CXX=clang++-16

.devcontainer/clang16/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 16",
+	"build": {
+		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile"
+	},
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang16"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang17/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+FROM ubuntu:24.04
+
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get install -y cmake git clang-17 libc++-17-dev libc++abi-17-dev
+ENV CC=clang-17 CXX=clang++-17

.devcontainer/clang17/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 17",
+	"build": {
+		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile"
+	},
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang17"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang5/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 5",
+	"image": "conanio/clang50",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang5"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang6/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 6",
+	"image": "conanio/clang60",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang6"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang7/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 7",
+	"image": "conanio/clang7",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang7"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang8/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 8",
+	"image": "conanio/clang8",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang8"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/clang9/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "Clang 9",
+	"image": "conanio/clang9",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-clang9"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc10/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 10",
+	"image": "conanio/gcc10",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc10"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc11/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 11",
+	"image": "conanio/gcc11",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc11"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc12/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+FROM ubuntu:22.04
+
+RUN apt-get update
+RUN apt-get install -y cmake git g++-12

.devcontainer/gcc12/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 12",
+	"build": {
+		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile",
+	},
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc12"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc48/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 4.8",
+	"image": "conanio/gcc48",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc48"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools",
+				"josetr.cmake-language-support-vscode",
+				"ms-vscode.cpptools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc5/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 5",
+	"image": "conanio/gcc5",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc5"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc6/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 6",
+	"image": "conanio/gcc6",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc6"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc7/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 7",
+	"image": "conanio/gcc7",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc7"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc8/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 8",
+	"image": "conanio/gcc8",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc8"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.devcontainer/gcc9/devcontainer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+	"name": "GCC 9",
+	"image": "conanio/gcc9",
+	"runArgs": [
+		"--name=ArduinoJson-gcc9"
+	],
+	"customizations": {
+		"vscode": {
+			"extensions": [
+				"ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
+			],
+			"settings": {
+				"cmake.generator": "Unix Makefiles",
+				"cmake.buildDirectory": "/tmp/build"
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

.gitattributes

@@ -1 +1,2 @@
-*.sh text eol=lf
+* text=auto
+*.sh text eol=lf

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -1 +1,4 @@
-custom: https://arduinojson.org/book/
+github: bblanchon
+custom:
+  - https://arduinojson.org/book/
+  - https://donate.benoitblanchon.fr/

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-<!--
-Before opening an issue, please read the FAQ:
-https://arduinojson.org/faq/
-
-Please provide all the relevant information:
-* good title
-* short description of the problem
-* target platform
-* compiler model and version
-* MVCE (https://stackoverflow.com/help/mcve)
-* compiler output
-
-Good questions get fast answers!
--->

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+---
+name: 🐛 Bug report
+about: Report a bug in ArduinoJson
+title: ''
+labels: 'bug'
+assignees: ''
+---
+
+<!-- ⚠️ IMPORTANT ⚠️
+Before opening a bug report, please use the ArduinoJson Troubleshooter as it may find a solution to your issue; if not, please include the  Troubleshooter's report in the description.
+-->
+
+**Describe the bug**  
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+
+**Troubleshooter report**  
+Here is the report generated by the [ArduinoJson Troubleshooter](https://arduinojson.org/v7/troubleshooter/):  
+[Paste the report here]
+
+**Environment**  
+Here is the environment that I used:
+* Microcontroller: [e.g. ESP8266]
+* Core/runtime: [e.g. ESP8266 core for Arduino v3.0.2]
+* IDE: [e.g. Arduino IDE 1.8.16]
+
+**Reproduction**  
+Here is a small snippet that reproduces the issue.
+
+```c++
+JsonDocument doc;
+
+DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, "{\"hello\":\"world\"}");
+
+[insert repro code here]
+```
+
+**Compiler output**    
+If relevant, include the complete compiler output (i.e. not just the line that contains the error.)
+
+
+**Program output**  
+If relevant, include the repro program output.
+
+Expected output:
+
+```
+[insert expected output here]
+```
+
+Actual output:
+
+```
+[insert actual output here]
+```

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+blank_issues_enabled: true
+contact_links:
+  - name: 👨‍🏫 ArduinoJson Assistant
+    url: https://arduinojson.org/v7/assistant/
+    about: An online tool that computes memory requirements and generates scaffolding code for your project.
+  - name: 👨‍⚕️ ArduinoJson Troubleshooter
+    url: https://arduinojson.org/v7/troubleshooter/
+    about: An online tool that helps you diagnose the most common issues with ArduinoJson.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+---
+name: 💡 Feature request
+about: Suggest an idea for ArduinoJson
+title: ''
+labels: enhancement
+assignees: ''
+---
+
+**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**  
+A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
+
+**Describe the solution you'd like**  
+A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+
+**Describe alternatives you've considered**  
+A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered.
+
+**Additional context**  
+Add any other context or screenshots about the feature request here.

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/help.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+name: 😭 Help!
+about: Ask for help
+title: ''
+labels: 'question'
+assignees: ''
+---
+
+<!-- ⚠️ IMPORTANT ⚠️
+Before asking for help, please use the ArduinoJson Troubleshooter as it may find a solution to your issue; if not, please include the  Troubleshooter's report in the description.
+-->
+
+**Describe the issue**  
+A clear and concise description of what you're trying to do.
+You don't need to explain every aspect of your project: focus on the problem you're having.
+
+**Troubleshooter report**  
+Here is the report generated by the [ArduinoJson Troubleshooter](https://arduinojson.org/v7/troubleshooter/):  
+[Paste the report here]
+
+**Environment**  
+Here is the environment that I'm using':
+* Microconroller: [e.g. ESP8266]
+* Core/runtime: [e.g. ESP8266 core for Arduino v3.0.2]
+* IDE: [e.g. Arduino IDE 1.8.16]
+
+**Reproduction**  
+Here is a small snippet that demonstrate the problem.
+
+```c++
+JsonDocument doc;
+
+DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, "{\"hello\":\"world\"}");
+
+// insert code here
+```
+
+**Program output**  
+If relevant, include the program output.
+
+Expected output:
+
+```
+[insert expected output here]
+```
+
+Actual output:
+
+```
+[insert actual output here]
+```

.github/lock.yml

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-# Configuration for Lock Threads - https://github.com/dessant/lock-threads
-
-# Number of days of inactivity before a closed issue or pull request is locked
-daysUntilLock: 30
-
-# Comment to post before locking. Set to `false` to disable
-lockComment: false

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,606 @@
+name: Continuous Integration
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  lint:
+    name: Lint
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y clang-format
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Symlinks
+        run: find * -type l -printf "::error::%p is a symlink. This is forbidden by the Arduino Library Specification." -exec false {} +
+      - name: Clang-format
+        run: |
+          find src/ extras/ -name '*.[ch]pp' | xargs clang-format -i --verbose --style=file
+          git diff --exit-code
+      - name: Check URLs
+        run: |
+          grep -hREo "(http|https)://[a-zA-Z0-9./?=_%:-]*" src/ | sort -u | while read -r URL
+          do
+            STATUS=$(curl -s -o /dev/null -I -w "%{http_code}" "$URL")
+            [ "$STATUS" -ge 400 ] && echo "::warning title=HTTP $STATUS::$URL returned $STATUS"
+          done || true
+
+  gcc:
+    name: GCC
+    needs: lint
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - gcc: "4.8"
+          - gcc: "5"
+          - gcc: "6"
+          - gcc: "7"
+            cxxflags: -fsanitize=leak -fno-sanitize-recover=all
+          - gcc: "8"
+            cxxflags: -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all
+          - gcc: "9"
+            cxxflags: -fsanitize=address -fno-sanitize-recover=all
+          - gcc: "10"
+            cxxflags: -funsigned-char # Issue #1715
+          - gcc: "11"
+          - gcc: "12"
+    steps:
+      - name: Workaround for actions/runner-images#9491
+        run: sudo sysctl vm.mmap_rnd_bits=28
+
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 40976EAF437D05B5 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32
+          sudo add-apt-repository -yn 'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main universe'
+          sudo add-apt-repository -yn 'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main universe'
+          sudo add-apt-repository -yn 'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main universe'
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y gcc-${{ matrix.gcc }} g++-${{ matrix.gcc }}
+        timeout-minutes: 5
+
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        timeout-minutes: 1
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
+        env:
+          CC: gcc-${{ matrix.gcc }}
+          CXX: g++-${{ matrix.gcc }}
+          CXXFLAGS: ${{ matrix.cxxflags }}
+        timeout-minutes: 1
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build .
+        timeout-minutes: 10
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --output-on-failure -C Debug .
+        env:
+          UBSAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1
+        timeout-minutes: 2
+
+  clang:
+    name: Clang
+    needs: lint
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - clang: "3.9"
+            runner: ubuntu-20.04
+            archive: bionic
+          - clang: "4.0"
+            runner: ubuntu-20.04
+            archive: bionic
+          - clang: "5.0"
+            runner: ubuntu-20.04
+            archive: bionic
+          - clang: "6.0"
+            runner: ubuntu-20.04
+            archive: bionic
+          - clang: "7"
+            runner: ubuntu-20.04
+          - clang: "8"
+            cxxflags: -fsanitize=leak -fno-sanitize-recover=all
+            runner: ubuntu-20.04
+          - clang: "9"
+            cxxflags: -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all
+            runner: ubuntu-20.04
+          - clang: "10"
+            cxxflags: -fsanitize=address -fno-sanitize-recover=all
+            runner: ubuntu-20.04
+          - clang: "11"
+            runner: ubuntu-22.04
+          - clang: "12"
+            runner: ubuntu-22.04
+          - clang: "13"
+            runner: ubuntu-22.04
+          - clang: "14"
+            runner: ubuntu-22.04
+          - clang: "15"
+            runner: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Add archive repositories
+        if: matrix.archive
+        run: |
+          sudo add-apt-repository -yn 'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ ${{ matrix.archive }} main'
+          sudo add-apt-repository -yn 'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ ${{ matrix.archive }} universe'
+      - name: Install Clang ${{ matrix.clang }}
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y clang-${{ matrix.clang }}
+      - name: Install libc++ ${{ matrix.clang }}
+        if: matrix.clang >= 11
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y libc++-${{ matrix.clang }}-dev libc++abi-${{ matrix.clang }}-dev
+      - name: Install libunwind ${{ matrix.clang }}
+        if: matrix.clang == 12  # dependency is missing in Ubuntu 22.04
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y libunwind-${{ matrix.clang }}-dev
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
+        env:
+          CC: clang-${{ matrix.clang }}
+          CXX: clang++-${{ matrix.clang }}
+          CXXFLAGS: >-
+            ${{ matrix.cxxflags }}
+            ${{ matrix.clang < 11 && '-I/usr/lib/llvm-10/include/c++/v1/' || '' }}
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build .
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --output-on-failure -C Debug .
+        env:
+          UBSAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1
+
+  conf_test:
+    name: Test configuration on Linux
+    needs: [gcc, clang]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y g++-multilib gcc-avr avr-libc
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: AVR
+        run: avr-g++ -std=c++11 -Isrc extras/conf_test/avr.cpp
+      - name: GCC 32-bit
+        run: g++ -std=c++11 -m32 -Isrc extras/conf_test/x86.cpp
+      - name: GCC 64-bit
+        run: g++ -std=c++11 -m64 -Isrc extras/conf_test/x64.cpp
+      - name: Clang 32-bit
+        run: clang++ -std=c++11 -m32 -Isrc extras/conf_test/x86.cpp
+      - name: Clang 64-bit
+        run: clang++ -std=c++11 -m64 -Isrc extras/conf_test/x64.cpp
+
+  conf_test_windows:
+    name: Test configuration on Windows
+    runs-on: windows-2019
+    needs: [gcc, clang]
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: 32-bit
+        run: |
+          call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars32.bat"
+          cl /Isrc extras/conf_test/x86.cpp
+        shell: cmd
+      - name: 64-bit
+        run: |
+          call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
+          cl /Isrc extras/conf_test/x64.cpp
+        shell: cmd
+
+  xcode:
+    name: XCode
+    needs: clang
+    runs-on: macos-13
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - xcode: "14.1"
+          - xcode: "14.2"
+          - xcode: "14.3.1"
+          - xcode: "15.0.1"
+          - xcode: "15.1"
+          - xcode: "15.2"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Select XCode version
+        run: sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode_${{ matrix.xcode }}.app
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build .
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --output-on-failure -C Debug .
+
+  # DISABLED: Running on AppVeyor instead because it supports older versions of the compiler
+  # msvc:
+  #   name: Visual Studio
+  #   strategy:
+  #     fail-fast: false
+  #     matrix:
+  #       include:
+  #         - os: windows-2016
+  #         - os: windows-2019
+  #   runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+  #   steps:
+  #     - name: Checkout
+  #       uses: actions/checkout@v4
+  #     - name: Configure
+  #       run: cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
+  #     - name: Build
+  #       run: cmake --build .
+  #     - name: Test
+  #       run: ctest --output-on-failure -C Debug .
+
+  arduino:
+    name: Arduino
+    needs: gcc
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - core: arduino:avr
+            board: arduino:avr:uno
+          - core: arduino:samd
+            board: arduino:samd:mkr1000
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install arduino-cli
+        run: curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | BINDIR=/usr/local/bin sh
+      - name: Install core
+        run: arduino-cli core install ${{ matrix.core }}
+      - name: Install libraries
+        run: arduino-cli lib install SD Ethernet
+      - name: Build JsonConfigFile
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/JsonConfigFile/JsonConfigFile.ino"
+      - name: Build JsonFilterExample
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/JsonFilterExample/JsonFilterExample.ino"
+      - name: Build JsonGeneratorExample
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/JsonGeneratorExample/JsonGeneratorExample.ino"
+      - name: Build JsonHttpClient
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/JsonHttpClient/JsonHttpClient.ino"
+      - name: Build JsonParserExample
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/JsonParserExample/JsonParserExample.ino"
+      - name: Build JsonServer
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/JsonServer/JsonServer.ino"
+      - name: Build JsonUdpBeacon
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/JsonUdpBeacon/JsonUdpBeacon.ino"
+      - name: Build MsgPackParser
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/MsgPackParser/MsgPackParser.ino"
+      - name: Build ProgmemExample
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/ProgmemExample/ProgmemExample.ino"
+      - name: Build StringExample
+        run: arduino-cli compile --library . --warnings all -b ${{ matrix.board }} "examples/StringExample/StringExample.ino"
+
+  platformio:
+    name: PlatformIO
+    needs: gcc
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - platform: atmelavr
+            board: leonardo
+            libraries:
+              - SD
+              - Ethernet
+            conf_test: avr
+          - platform: espressif8266
+            board: huzzah
+            conf_test: esp8266
+          - platform: espressif32
+            board: esp32dev
+            libraries:
+              - Ethernet
+            conf_test: esp8266
+          - platform: atmelsam
+            board: mkr1000USB
+            libraries:
+              - SD
+              - Ethernet
+            conf_test: esp8266
+          - platform: teensy
+            board: teensy31
+            conf_test: esp8266
+          - platform: ststm32
+            board: adafruit_feather_f405
+            libraries:
+              - SD
+              - Ethernet
+            conf_test: esp8266
+          - platform: nordicnrf52
+            board: adafruit_feather_nrf52840
+            libraries:
+              - SD
+              - Ethernet
+            conf_test: esp8266
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Set up cache for pip
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ~/.cache/pip
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-pip
+      - name: Set up Python 3.x
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.x"
+      - name: Install PlatformIO
+        run: pip install platformio
+      - name: Install adafruit-nrfutil
+        if: ${{ matrix.platform == 'nordicnrf52' }}
+        run: pip install adafruit-nrfutil
+      - name: Include Adafruit_TinyUSB.h # https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_nRF52_Arduino/issues/653
+        if: ${{ matrix.platform == 'nordicnrf52' }}
+        run: find examples/ -name '*.ino' -exec sed -i 's/\(#include <ArduinoJson.h>\)/\1\n#include <Adafruit_TinyUSB.h>/' {} +
+      - name: Set up cache for platformio
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ~/.platformio
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-platformio-${{ matrix.platform }}
+      - name: Install platform "${{ matrix.platform }}"
+        run: platformio platform install ${{ matrix.platform }}
+      - name: Install libraries
+        if: ${{ matrix.libraries }}
+        run: platformio lib install arduino-libraries/${{ join(matrix.libraries, ' arduino-libraries/') }}
+      - name: Test configuration
+        run: platformio ci "extras/conf_test/${{ matrix.conf_test }}.cpp" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+        if: ${{ matrix.conf_test }}
+      - name: Build JsonConfigFile
+        run: platformio ci "examples/JsonConfigFile/JsonConfigFile.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build JsonFilterExample
+        run: platformio ci "examples/JsonFilterExample/JsonFilterExample.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build JsonGeneratorExample
+        run: platformio ci "examples/JsonGeneratorExample/JsonGeneratorExample.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build JsonHttpClient
+        run: platformio ci "examples/JsonHttpClient/JsonHttpClient.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build JsonParserExample
+        run: platformio ci "examples/JsonParserExample/JsonParserExample.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build JsonServer
+        if: ${{ matrix.platform != 'espressif32' }}
+        run: platformio ci "examples/JsonServer/JsonServer.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build JsonUdpBeacon
+        run: platformio ci "examples/JsonUdpBeacon/JsonUdpBeacon.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build MsgPackParser
+        run: platformio ci "examples/MsgPackParser/MsgPackParser.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build ProgmemExample
+        run: platformio ci "examples/ProgmemExample/ProgmemExample.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: Build StringExample
+        run: platformio ci "examples/StringExample/StringExample.ino" -l '.' -b ${{ matrix.board }}
+      - name: PlatformIO prune
+        if: ${{ always() }}
+        run: platformio system prune -f
+
+  particle:
+    name: Particle
+    needs: gcc
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: github.event_name == 'push'
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - board: argon
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Install Particle CLI
+        run: sudo npm install -g particle-cli
+      - name: Login to Particle
+        run: particle login -t "${{ secrets.PARTICLE_TOKEN }}"
+      - name: Compile
+        run: extras/ci/particle.sh ${{ matrix.board }}
+
+  arm:
+    name: GCC for ARM processor
+    needs: gcc
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y g++-arm-linux-gnueabihf
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake .
+        env:
+          CC: arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
+          CXX: arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++
+      - name: Build
+        run: cmake --build .
+
+  coverage:
+    needs: gcc
+    name: Coverage
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y lcov ninja-build
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -G Ninja -DCOVERAGE=true .
+      - name: Build
+        run: ninja
+      - name: Test
+        run: ctest --output-on-failure -LE 'WillFail|Fuzzing' -T test
+      - name: lcov --capture
+        run: lcov --capture --no-external --directory . --output-file coverage.info
+      - name: lcov --remove
+        run: lcov --remove coverage.info "$(pwd)/extras/*" --output-file coverage_filtered.info
+      - name: genhtml
+        run: mkdir coverage && genhtml coverage_filtered.info -o coverage -t ArduinoJson
+      - name: Upload HTML report
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: Coverage report
+          path: coverage
+      - name: Upload to Coveralls
+        uses: coverallsapp/github-action@v2
+        with:
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          path-to-lcov: coverage_filtered.info
+
+  valgrind:
+    needs: gcc
+    name: Valgrind
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y valgrind ninja-build
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -G Ninja -D MEMORYCHECK_COMMAND_OPTIONS="--error-exitcode=1 --leak-check=full"  .
+      - name: Build
+        run: ninja
+      - name: Memcheck
+        run: ctest --output-on-failure -LE WillFail -T memcheck
+        id: memcheck
+      - name: MemoryChecker.*.log
+        run: cat Testing/Temporary/MemoryChecker.*.log > $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+        if: failure()
+
+  clang-tidy:
+    needs: clang
+    name: Clang-Tidy
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install
+        run: sudo apt-get install -y clang-tidy cmake ninja-build
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Configure
+        run: cmake -G Ninja -DCMAKE_CXX_CLANG_TIDY="clang-tidy-10;--warnings-as-errors=*" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
+        env:
+          CC: clang-10
+          CXX: clang++-10
+      - name: Check
+        run: cmake --build . -- -k 0
+
+  amalgamate:
+    needs: gcc
+    name: Amalgamate ArduinoJson.h
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup
+        run: |
+          if [[ $GITHUB_REF == refs/tags/* ]]; then
+            VERSION=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}
+          else
+            VERSION=${GITHUB_SHA::7}
+          fi
+          echo "ARDUINOJSON_H=ArduinoJson-$VERSION.h" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "ARDUINOJSON_HPP=ArduinoJson-$VERSION.hpp" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+      - name: Amalgamate ArduinoJson.h
+        run: extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh "src/ArduinoJson.h" "$ARDUINOJSON_H"
+      - name: Amalgamate ArduinoJson.hpp
+        run: extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh "src/ArduinoJson.hpp" "$ARDUINOJSON_HPP"
+      - name: Upload artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: Single headers
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.ARDUINOJSON_H }}
+            ${{ env.ARDUINOJSON_HPP }}
+      - name: Smoke test ArduinoJson.h
+        run: |
+          g++ -x c++ - <<END
+          #include "$ARDUINOJSON_H"
+          int main() {
+            JsonDocument doc;
+            deserializeJson(doc, "{}");
+          }
+          END
+      - name: Smoke test ArduinoJson.hpp
+        run: |
+          g++ -x c++ - <<END
+          #include "$ARDUINOJSON_HPP"
+          int main() {
+            ArduinoJson::JsonDocument doc;
+            deserializeJson(doc, "{}");
+          }
+          END
+
+  esp-idf:
+    needs: gcc
+    name: ESP-IDF
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Setup cache
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: ~/.espressif
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-esp-idf
+      - name: Checkout ArduinoJson
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Checkout ESP-IDF
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          repository: espressif/esp-idf
+          path: esp-idf
+          submodules: true
+      - name: Install ESP-IDF
+        run: ./esp-idf/install.sh
+      - name: Add component
+        # NOTE: we cannot commit the symlink because the Arduino Library Specification forbids it.
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p extras/ci/espidf/components
+          ln -s $PWD extras/ci/espidf/components/ArduinoJson
+      - name: Build example
+        run: |
+          source esp-idf/export.sh
+          cd extras/ci/espidf
+          idf.py build
+
+  codeql:
+    name: CodeQL
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    needs: gcc
+
+    permissions:
+      actions: read
+      contents: read
+      security-events: write
+
+    steps:
+    - name: Checkout repository
+      uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+    - name: Initialize CodeQL
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v3
+      with:
+        languages: cpp
+
+    - name: Build
+      run: |
+        cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
+        cmake --build .
+
+    - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v3
+      with:
+        category: "/language:cpp"

.github/workflows/lock.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+name: Lock Threads
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 0 * * *'
+
+jobs:
+  lock:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: dessant/lock-threads@v5
+        with:
+          github-token: ${{ github.token }}
+          issue-inactive-days: 30

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+name: Release
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - v*.*.*
+
+jobs:
+  release:
+    name: Create release
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Set variables
+        id: init
+        run: |
+          echo "tag=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "version=${GITHUB_REF#refs/tags/v}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Write release body
+        id: body
+        run: |
+          FILENAME=RELEASE.md
+          tee $FILENAME <<END
+          ## Changes
+
+          $(extras/scripts/extract_changes.awk CHANGELOG.md)
+
+          [View version history](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/blob/${{ steps.init.outputs.tag }}/CHANGELOG.md)
+          END
+          echo "filename=$FILENAME" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Amalgamate ArduinoJson.h
+        id: amalgamate_h
+        run: |
+          FILENAME=ArduinoJson-${{ steps.init.outputs.tag }}.h
+          extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh src/ArduinoJson.h "$FILENAME"
+          echo "filename=$FILENAME" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Amalgamate ArduinoJson.hpp
+        id: amalgamate_hpp
+        run: |
+          FILENAME=ArduinoJson-${{ steps.init.outputs.tag }}.hpp
+          extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh src/ArduinoJson.hpp "$FILENAME"
+          echo "filename=$FILENAME" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+      - name: Create release
+        uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1
+        with:
+          bodyFile: ${{ steps.body.outputs.filename }}
+          name: ArduinoJson ${{ steps.init.outputs.version }}
+          artifacts: ${{ steps.amalgamate_h.outputs.filename }},${{ steps.amalgamate_hpp.outputs.filename }}
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+  idf:
+    name: IDF Component Registry
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Upload component to the component registry
+        uses: espressif/upload-components-ci-action@v1
+        with:
+          name: ArduinoJson
+          namespace: bblanchon
+          api_token: ${{ secrets.IDF_COMPONENT_API_TOKEN }}
+
+  particle:
+    name: Particle
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Install
+        run: npm install -g particle-cli
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Login
+        run: particle login --token ${{ secrets.PARTICLE_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Publish
+        run: bash -eux extras/scripts/publish-particle-library.sh
+
+  platformio:
+    name: PlatformIO
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Set up Python 3.x
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.x"
+      - name: Install PlatformIO
+        run: pip install platformio
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Publish
+        run: pio pkg publish --no-interactive --no-notify
+        env:
+          PLATFORMIO_AUTH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.PLATFORMIO_AUTH_TOKEN }}

.gitignore

@@ -10,3 +10,11 @@
 /extras/fuzzing/*_fuzzer.options
 /extras/fuzzing/*_fuzzer_seed_corpus.zip
 .vs/
+/out/
+
+# Used by CI for Particle
+/src/*.ino
+/project.properties
+
+# Used by IDF
+/dist/

.mbedignore

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
+.devcontainer/
 .github/
 examples/
-fuzzing/
-scripts/
-test/
-third-party/
+extras/

.prettierignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+*.md

.travis.yml

@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
-sudo: false
-language: cpp
-matrix:
-  include:
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-4.4']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-4.4 _CXX=g++-4.4
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-4.6']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-4.6 _CXX=g++-4.6
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-4.7']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-4.7 _CXX=g++-4.7
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-4.8']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-4.8 _CXX=g++-4.8 SANITIZE=address
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-4.9']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-4.9 _CXX=g++-4.9 SANITIZE=leak
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-5']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-5 _CXX=g++-5 # SANITIZE=undefined
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-6']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-6 _CXX=g++-6
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-7']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-7 _CXX=g++-7
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-8']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-8 _CXX=g++-8
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['g++-9']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=gcc-9 _CXX=g++-9
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          packages: ['g++-arm-linux-gnueabihf']
-      env: SCRIPT=build _CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc _CXX=arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++
-    - env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang _CXX=clang++
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test','llvm-toolchain-precise-3.5']
-          packages: ['clang-3.5']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-3.5 _CXX=clang++-3.5 SANITIZE=address
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test','llvm-toolchain-precise-3.6']
-          packages: ['clang-3.6']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-3.6 _CXX=clang++-3.6 SANITIZE=leak
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test','llvm-toolchain-precise-3.7']
-          packages: ['clang-3.7']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-3.7 _CXX=clang++-3.7
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test','llvm-toolchain-precise-3.8']
-          packages: ['clang-3.8']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-3.8 _CXX=clang++-3.8 SANITIZE=undefined
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test','llvm-toolchain-trusty-3.9']
-          packages: ['clang-3.9']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-3.9 _CXX=clang++-3.9
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test','llvm-toolchain-trusty-4.0']
-          packages: ['clang-4.0']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-4.0 _CXX=clang++-4.0
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['clang-5.0']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-5.0 _CXX=clang++-5.0
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test']
-          packages: ['clang-6.0']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-6.0 _CXX=clang++-6.0
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test','llvm-toolchain-trusty-7']
-          packages: ['clang-7']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-7 _CXX=clang++-7
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources: ['ubuntu-toolchain-r-test','llvm-toolchain-trusty-8']
-          packages: ['clang-8']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-8 _CXX=clang++-8
-    - addons:
-        apt:
-          sources:
-            - sourceline: 'deb https://apt.llvm.org/xenial/ llvm-toolchain-xenial-9 main'
-              key_url: 'https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key'
-          packages: ['clang-9']
-      env: SCRIPT=test _CC=clang-9 _CXX=clang++-9
-    - env: SCRIPT=coverage
-    - os: osx
-      osx_image: xcode8.3
-      env: SCRIPT=test
-    - os: osx
-      osx_image: xcode9.4
-      env: SCRIPT=test
-    - os: osx
-      osx_image: xcode10
-      env: SCRIPT=test SANITIZE=address
-    - env: SCRIPT=arduino VERSION=1.6.7 BOARD=arduino:avr:uno
-    - env: SCRIPT=arduino VERSION=1.8.2 BOARD=arduino:samd:mkr1000
-    - env: SCRIPT=platformio BOARD=uno
-    - env: SCRIPT=platformio BOARD=esp01
-cache:
-  directories:
-    - "~/.platformio"
-    - "extras/fuzzing/json_corpus"
-    - "extras/fuzzing/msgpack_corpus"
-script: extras/ci/$SCRIPT.sh

.vscode/settings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{
+  "C_Cpp.default.configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.cmake-tools",
+  "git.inputValidationLength": 80,
+  "git.inputValidationSubjectLength": 72,
+  "files.insertFinalNewline": true,
+  "files.trimFinalNewlines": true,
+  "search.exclude": {
+    "/extras/tests/catch/*": true
+  },
+  "C_Cpp.default.includePath": [
+    "/src"
+  ],
+  "[cmake]": {
+    "editor.detectIndentation": false,
+    "editor.insertSpaces": false,
+  }
+}

ArduinoJson.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 
 #include "src/ArduinoJson.h"

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,13 +1,19 @@
-# ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-# Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 # MIT License
 
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.0)
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
 
-project(ArduinoJson VERSION 6.16.1)
+if(ESP_PLATFORM)
+	# Build ArduinoJson as an ESP-IDF component
+	idf_component_register(INCLUDE_DIRS src)
+	return()
+endif()
+
+project(ArduinoJson VERSION 7.3.0)
 
 if(CMAKE_PROJECT_NAME STREQUAL PROJECT_NAME)
-    include(CTest)
+	include(CTest)
 endif()
 
 add_subdirectory(src)

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -6,6 +6,5 @@ You can submit changes via GitHub Pull Requests.
 
 Please:
 
-1. Unit test every change in behavior
+1. Update the test suite for any change of behavior
 2. Use clang-format in "file" mode to format the code
-3. Consider using the Continuous Integration (Travis and AppVeyor)

LICENSE.txt

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-The MIT License (MIT)
----------------------
-
-Copyright © 2014-2020 Benoit BLANCHON
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+The MIT License (MIT)
+---------------------
+
+Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

README.md

@@ -1,55 +1,57 @@
-![ArduinoJson](banner.svg)
+<p align="center">
+  <a href="https://arduinojson.org/"><img alt="ArduinoJson" src="https://arduinojson.org/images/logo.svg" width="200" /></a>
+</p>
 
 ---
 
-[![arduino-library-badge](https://www.ardu-badge.com/badge/ArduinoJson.svg?version=6.16.1)](https://www.ardu-badge.com/ArduinoJson/6.16.1)
-[![Build Status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/m7s53wav1l0abssg/branch/6.x?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/bblanchon/arduinojson/branch/6.x)
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/bblanchon/ArduinoJson.svg?branch=6.x)](https://travis-ci.org/bblanchon/ArduinoJson)
+[![GitHub Workflow Status](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/ci.yml?branch=7.x&logo=github)](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Continuous+Integration%22+branch%3A7.x)
+[![Continuous Integration](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/m7s53wav1l0abssg/branch/7.x?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/bblanchon/arduinojson/branch/7.x)
 [![Fuzzing Status](https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/badges/arduinojson.svg)](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?sort=-opened&can=1&q=proj:arduinojson)
-[![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/badge.svg?branch=6.x)](https://coveralls.io/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?branch=6.x)
-[![GitHub stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?style=flat)](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/stargazers)
+[![Coveralls branch](https://img.shields.io/coveralls/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/7.x?logo=coveralls)](https://coveralls.io/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?branch=7.x)  
+[![GitHub stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?style=flat&logo=github&color=orange)](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/stargazers)
+[![GitHub Sponsors](https://img.shields.io/github/sponsors/bblanchon?logo=github&color=orange)](https://github.com/sponsors/bblanchon)
 
 ArduinoJson is a C++ JSON library for Arduino and IoT (Internet Of Things).
 
 ## Features
 
-* [JSON deserialization](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/json/deserializejson/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Optionally decodes UTF-16 escape sequences to UTF-8](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/config/decode_unicode/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Optionally stores links to the input buffer (zero-copy)](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/json/deserializejson/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Optionally supports comments in the input](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/config/enable_comments/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Optionally filters the input to keep only desired values](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/json/deserializejson/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme#filtering)
+* [JSON deserialization](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/deserializejson/)
+    * [Optionally decodes UTF-16 escape sequences to UTF-8](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/decode_unicode/)
+    * [Optionally supports comments in the input](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_comments/)
+    * [Optionally filters the input to keep only desired values](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/deserializejson/#filtering)
     * Supports single quotes as a string delimiter
-    * Compatible with NDJSON and JSON Lines
-* [JSON serialization](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/json/serializejson/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Can write to a buffer or a stream](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/json/serializejson/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Optionally indents the document (prettified JSON)](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/json/serializejsonpretty/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-* [MessagePack serialization](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/msgpack/serializemsgpack/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-* [MessagePack deserialization](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/msgpack/deserializemsgpack/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
+    * Compatible with [NDJSON](http://ndjson.org/) and [JSON Lines](https://jsonlines.org/)
+* [JSON serialization](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/serializejson/)
+    * [Can write to a buffer or a stream](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/serializejson/)
+    * [Optionally indents the document (prettified JSON)](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/serializejsonpretty/)
+* [MessagePack serialization](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/msgpack/serializemsgpack/)
+* [MessagePack deserialization](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/msgpack/deserializemsgpack/)
 * Efficient
-    * [Twice smaller than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Almost 10% faster than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Consumes roughly 10% less RAM than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Fixed memory allocation, no heap fragmentation](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/jsondocument/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Optionally works without heap memory (zero malloc)](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/staticjsondocument/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * Deduplicates strings
+    * [Twice smaller than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/)
+    * [Almost 10% faster than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/)
+    * [Consumes roughly 10% less RAM than the "official" Arduino_JSON library](https://arduinojson.org/2019/11/19/arduinojson-vs-arduino_json/)
+    * [Deduplicates strings](https://arduinojson.org/news/2020/08/01/version-6-16-0/)
 * Versatile
-    * [Supports custom allocators (to use external RAM chip, for example)](https://arduinojson.org/v6/how-to/use-external-ram-on-esp32/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * Supports [Arduino's `String`](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/config/enable_arduino_string/) and [STL's `std::string`](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/config/enable_std_string/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * Supports Arduino's `Stream` and [STL's `std::istream`/`std::ostream`](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/config/enable_std_stream/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Supports Flash strings](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/config/enable_progmem/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * Supports [custom readers](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/json/deserializejson/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme#custom-reader) and [custom writers](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/json/serializejson/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme#custom-writer)
+    * Supports [custom allocators (to use external RAM chip, for example)](https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/use-external-ram-on-esp32/)
+    * Supports [`String`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_arduino_string/), [`std::string`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_std_string/), and [`std::string_view`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_string_view/)
+    * Supports [`Stream`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_arduino_stream/) and [`std::istream`/`std::ostream`](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_std_stream/)
+    * Supports [Flash strings](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/config/enable_progmem/)
+    * Supports [custom readers](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/deserializejson/#custom-reader) and [custom writers](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/json/serializejson/#custom-writer)
+    * Supports [custom converters](https://arduinojson.org/news/2021/05/04/version-6-18-0/)
 * Portable
     * Usable on any C++ project (not limited to Arduino)
-    * Compatible with C++98
+    * Compatible with C++11, C++14 and C++17
+    * Support for C++98/C++03 available on [ArduinoJson 6.20.x](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/tree/6.20.x)
     * Zero warnings with `-Wall -Wextra -pedantic` and `/W4`
     * [Header-only library](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Header-only)
     * Works with virtually any board
         * Arduino boards: [Uno](https://amzn.to/38aL2ik), [Due](https://amzn.to/36YkWi2), [Micro](https://amzn.to/35WkdwG), [Nano](https://amzn.to/2QTvwRX), [Mega](https://amzn.to/36XWhuf), [Yun](https://amzn.to/30odURc), [Leonardo](https://amzn.to/36XWjlR)...
         * Espressif chips: [ESP8266](https://amzn.to/36YluV8), [ESP32](https://amzn.to/2G4pRCB)
         * Lolin (WeMos) boards: [D1 mini](https://amzn.to/2QUpz7q), [D1 Mini Pro](https://amzn.to/36UsGSs)...
-        * Teensy boards: [4.0](https://amzn.to/30ljXGq), [3.2](https://amzn.to/2FT0EuC), [2.0](https://amzn.to/2QXUMXj) 
+        * Teensy boards: [4.0](https://amzn.to/30ljXGq), [3.2](https://amzn.to/2FT0EuC), [2.0](https://amzn.to/2QXUMXj)
         * Particle boards: [Argon](https://amzn.to/2FQHa9X), [Boron](https://amzn.to/36WgLUd), [Electron](https://amzn.to/30vEc4k), [Photon](https://amzn.to/387F9Cd)...
         * Texas Instruments boards: [MSP430](https://amzn.to/30nJWgg)...
+        * Soft cores: [Nios II](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nios_II)...
     * Tested on all major development environments
         * [Arduino IDE](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Software)
         * [Atmel Studio](http://www.atmel.com/microsite/atmel-studio/)
@@ -58,35 +60,39 @@ ArduinoJson is a C++ JSON library for Arduino and IoT (Internet Of Things).
         * [IAR Embedded Workbench](https://www.iar.com/iar-embedded-workbench/)
         * [Keil uVision](http://www.keil.com/)
         * [MPLAB X IDE](http://www.microchip.com/mplab/mplab-x-ide)
+        * [Particle](https://www.particle.io/)
         * [PlatformIO](http://platformio.org/)
         * [Sloeber plugin for Eclipse](https://eclipse.baeyens.it/)
         * [Visual Micro](http://www.visualmicro.com/)
         * [Visual Studio](https://www.visualstudio.com/)
-    * [Even works with online compilers like wandbox.org](https://wandbox.org/permlink/t7KP7I6dVuLhqzDl)
-    * [CMake friendly](https://arduinojson.org/v6/how-to/use-arduinojson-with-cmake/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
+    * [Even works with online compilers like wandbox.org](https://wandbox.org/permlink/RlZSKy17DjJ6HcdN)
+    * [CMake friendly](https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/use-arduinojson-with-cmake/)
 * Well designed
-    * [Elegant API](http://arduinojson.org/v6/example/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
+    * [Elegant API](http://arduinojson.org/v7/example/)
     * [Thread-safe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread_safety)
     * Self-contained (no external dependency)
     * `const` friendly
-    * [`for` friendly](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/jsonobject/begin_end/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
+    * [`for` friendly](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/jsonobject/begin_end/)
     * [TMP friendly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_metaprogramming)
-    * Handles [integer overflows](https://arduinojson.org/v6/api/jsonvariant/as/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme#integer-overflows)
+    * Handles [integer overflows](https://arduinojson.org/v7/api/jsonvariant/as/#integer-overflows)
 * Well tested
-    * [Unit test coverage close to 100%](https://coveralls.io/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?branch=6.x)
+    * [Unit test coverage close to 100%](https://coveralls.io/github/bblanchon/ArduinoJson?branch=7.x)
     * Continuously tested on
-        * [Visual Studio 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/bblanchon/arduinojson/branch/6.x)
-        * [GCC 4.4, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 5, 6, 7, 8](https://travis-ci.org/bblanchon/ArduinoJson)
-        * [Clang 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7, 8](https://travis-ci.org/bblanchon/ArduinoJson)
+        * [Visual Studio 2017, 2019, 2022](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/bblanchon/arduinojson/branch/7.x)
+        * [GCC 4.8, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Continuous+Integration%22)
+        * [Clang 3.9, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/actions?query=workflow%3A%22Continuous+Integration%22)
     * [Continuously fuzzed with Google OSS Fuzz](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?sort=-opened&can=1&q=proj:arduinojson)
+    * Passes all default checks of [clang-tidy](https://releases.llvm.org/10.0.0/tools/clang/tools/extra/docs/clang-tidy/)
 * Well documented
-    * [Tutorials](https://arduinojson.org/v6/doc/deserialization/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Examples](https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [How-tos](https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [FAQ](https://arduinojson.org/v6/faq/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
-    * [Book](https://arduinojson.org/book/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
+    * [Tutorials](https://arduinojson.org/v7/doc/deserialization/)
+    * [Examples](https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/)
+    * [How-tos](https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/)
+    * [FAQ](https://arduinojson.org/v7/faq/)
+    * [Troubleshooter](https://arduinojson.org/v7/troubleshooter/)
+    * [Book](https://arduinojson.org/book/)
+    * [Changelog](CHANGELOG.md)
 * Vibrant user community
-    * Most popular of all Arduino libraries on [GitHub](https://github.com/search?o=desc&q=arduino+library&s=stars&type=Repositories) and [PlatformIO](https://platformio.org/lib/search)
+    * Most popular of all Arduino libraries on [GitHub](https://github.com/search?o=desc&q=arduino+library&s=stars&type=Repositories)
     * [Used in hundreds of projects](https://www.hackster.io/search?i=projects&q=arduinojson)
     * [Responsive support](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aclosed)
 
@@ -97,9 +103,9 @@ ArduinoJson is a C++ JSON library for Arduino and IoT (Internet Of Things).
 Here is a program that parses a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
 
 ```c++
-char json[] = "{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}";
+const char* json = "{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}";
 
-DynamicJsonDocument doc(1024);
+JsonDocument doc;
 deserializeJson(doc, json);
 
 const char* sensor = doc["sensor"];
@@ -108,14 +114,14 @@ double latitude    = doc["data"][0];
 double longitude   = doc["data"][1];
 ```
 
-See the [tutorial on arduinojson.org](https://arduinojson.org/doc/decoding/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
+See the [tutorial on arduinojson.org](https://arduinojson.org/v7/doc/deserialization/)
 
 ### Serialization
 
 Here is a program that generates a JSON document with ArduinoJson:
 
 ```c++
-DynamicJsonDocument doc(1024);
+JsonDocument doc;
 
 doc["sensor"] = "gps";
 doc["time"]   = 1351824120;
@@ -127,11 +133,26 @@ serializeJson(doc, Serial);
 // {"sensor":"gps","time":1351824120,"data":[48.756080,2.302038]}
 ```
 
-See the [tutorial on arduinojson.org](https://arduinojson.org/doc/encoding/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme)
+See the [tutorial on arduinojson.org](https://arduinojson.org/v7/doc/serialization/)
 
-## Support the project
+## Sponsors
 
-Do you like this library? Please [star this project on GitHub](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/stargazers)!
+ArduinoJson is thankful to its sponsors. Please give them a visit; they deserve it!
 
-What? You don't like it but you *love* it?  
-We don't take donations anymore, but [we sell a book](https://arduinojson.org/book/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=readme), so you can help and learn at the same time.
+<p>
+  <a href="https://www.programmingelectronics.com/" rel="sponsored">
+    <img src="https://arduinojson.org/images/2021/10/programmingeleactronicsacademy.png" alt="Programming Electronics Academy" width="200">
+  </a>
+</p>
+<p>
+  <a href="https://github.com/1technophile" rel="sponsored">
+    <img alt="1technophile" src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/12672732?s=40&v=4">
+  </a>
+  <a href="https://github.com/LArkema" rel="sponsored">
+    <img alt="LArkema" src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/38381313?s=40&v=4">
+  </a>
+</p>
+
+If you run a commercial project that embeds ArduinoJson, think about [sponsoring the library's development](https://github.com/sponsors/bblanchon): it ensures the code that your products rely on stays actively maintained. It can also give your project some exposure to the makers' community.
+
+If you are an individual user and want to support the development (or give a sign of appreciation), consider purchasing the book [Mastering ArduinoJson](https://arduinojson.org/book/)&nbsp;❤, or simply [cast a star](https://github.com/bblanchon/ArduinoJson/stargazers)&nbsp;⭐.

appveyor.yml

@@ -1,22 +1,28 @@
-version: 6.16.1.{build}
+version: 7.3.0.{build}
 environment:
   matrix:
-  - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2019
-    CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
-  - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
-    CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 15 2017
-  - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
-    CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 14 2015
-  - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2013
-    CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 12 2013
-  - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 11 2012
-  - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 10 2010
-  - CMAKE_GENERATOR: MinGW Makefiles
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2022
+      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 17 2022
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2019
+      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 16 2019
+    - APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
+      CMAKE_GENERATOR: Visual Studio 15 2017
+    - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      MINGW32: i686-6.3.0-posix-dwarf-rt_v5-rev1 # MinGW-w64 6.3.0 i686
+    - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      MINGW64: x86_64-6.3.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev1 # MinGW-w64 6.3.0 x86_64
+    - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      MINGW64: x86_64-7.3.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0 # MinGW-w64 7.3.0 x86_64
+    - CMAKE_GENERATOR: Ninja
+      MINGW64: x86_64-8.1.0-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0 # MinGW-w64 8.1.0 x86_64
 configuration: Debug
 before_build:
-- set PATH=C:\MinGW\bin;%PATH:C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin;=% # Workaround for CMake not wanting sh.exe on PATH for MinGW
-- cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=%CONFIGURATION% -G "%CMAKE_GENERATOR%" .
+  - set PATH=%PATH:C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin;=% # Workaround for CMake not wanting sh.exe on PATH for MinGW
+  - if defined MINGW set PATH=C:\%MINGW%\bin;%PATH%
+  - if defined MINGW32 set PATH=C:\mingw-w64\%MINGW32%\mingw32\bin;%PATH%
+  - if defined MINGW64 set PATH=C:\mingw-w64\%MINGW64%\mingw64\bin;%PATH%
+  - cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=%CONFIGURATION% -G "%CMAKE_GENERATOR%" .
 build_script:
-- cmake --build . --config %CONFIGURATION%
+  - cmake --build . --config %CONFIGURATION%
 test_script:
-- ctest -C %CONFIGURATION% --output-on-failure .
+  - ctest -C %CONFIGURATION% --output-on-failure .

examples/JsonConfigFile/JsonConfigFile.ino

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to store your project configuration in a file.
@@ -17,35 +17,28 @@
 // * CLK  <-> pin 13
 // * CS   <-> pin 4
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/config/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/config/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 #include <SD.h>
 #include <SPI.h>
 
 // Our configuration structure.
-//
-// Never use a JsonDocument to store the configuration!
-// A JsonDocument is *not* a permanent storage; it's only a temporary storage
-// used during the serialization phase. See:
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/faq/why-must-i-create-a-separate-config-object/
 struct Config {
   char hostname[64];
   int port;
 };
 
-const char *filename = "/config.txt";  // <- SD library uses 8.3 filenames
+const char* filename = "/config.txt";  // <- SD library uses 8.3 filenames
 Config config;                         // <- global configuration object
 
 // Loads the configuration from a file
-void loadConfiguration(const char *filename, Config &config) {
+void loadConfiguration(const char* filename, Config& config) {
   // Open file for reading
   File file = SD.open(filename);
 
   // Allocate a temporary JsonDocument
-  // Don't forget to change the capacity to match your requirements.
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<512> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // Deserialize the JSON document
   DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, file);
@@ -63,7 +56,7 @@ void loadConfiguration(const char *filename, Config &config) {
 }
 
 // Saves the configuration to a file
-void saveConfiguration(const char *filename, const Config &config) {
+void saveConfiguration(const char* filename, const Config& config) {
   // Delete existing file, otherwise the configuration is appended to the file
   SD.remove(filename);
 
@@ -75,9 +68,7 @@ void saveConfiguration(const char *filename, const Config &config) {
   }
 
   // Allocate a temporary JsonDocument
-  // Don't forget to change the capacity to match your requirements.
-  // Use arduinojson.org/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<256> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // Set the values in the document
   doc["hostname"] = config.hostname;
@@ -93,7 +84,7 @@ void saveConfiguration(const char *filename, const Config &config) {
 }
 
 // Prints the content of a file to the Serial
-void printFile(const char *filename) {
+void printFile(const char* filename) {
   // Open file for reading
   File file = SD.open(filename);
   if (!file) {
@@ -114,7 +105,8 @@ void printFile(const char *filename) {
 void setup() {
   // Initialize serial port
   Serial.begin(9600);
-  while (!Serial) continue;
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
 
   // Initialize SD library
   const int chipSelect = 4;
@@ -140,6 +132,12 @@ void loop() {
   // not used in this example
 }
 
+// Performance issue?
+// ------------------
+//
+// File is an unbuffered stream, which is not optimal for ArduinoJson.
+// See: https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/improve-speed/
+
 // See also
 // --------
 //

examples/JsonFilterExample/JsonFilterExample.ino

@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
-// This example shows how to use DeserializationOpion::Filter
+// This example shows how to use DeserializationOption::Filter
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/filter/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/filter/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 
 void setup() {
   // Initialize serial port
   Serial.begin(9600);
-  while (!Serial) continue;
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
 
   // The huge input: an extract from OpenWeatherMap response
-  const __FlashStringHelper* input_json = F(
+  auto input_json = F(
       "{\"cod\":\"200\",\"message\":0,\"list\":[{\"dt\":1581498000,\"main\":{"
       "\"temp\":3.23,\"feels_like\":-3.63,\"temp_min\":3.23,\"temp_max\":4.62,"
       "\"pressure\":1014,\"sea_level\":1014,\"grnd_level\":1010,\"humidity\":"
@@ -33,12 +34,12 @@ void setup() {
       "1000000,\"timezone\":0,\"sunrise\":1581492085,\"sunset\":1581527294}}");
 
   // The filter: it contains "true" for each value we want to keep
-  StaticJsonDocument<200> filter;
+  JsonDocument filter;
   filter["list"][0]["dt"] = true;
   filter["list"][0]["main"]["temp"] = true;
 
   // Deserialize the document
-  StaticJsonDocument<400> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
   deserializeJson(doc, input_json, DeserializationOption::Filter(filter));
 
   // Print the result

examples/JsonGeneratorExample/JsonGeneratorExample.ino

@@ -1,43 +1,32 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to generate a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/generator/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/generator/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 
 void setup() {
   // Initialize Serial port
   Serial.begin(9600);
-  while (!Serial) continue;
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
 
   // Allocate the JSON document
-  //
-  // Inside the brackets, 200 is the RAM allocated to this document.
-  // Don't forget to change this value to match your requirement.
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<200> doc;
-
-  // StaticJsonObject allocates memory on the stack, it can be
-  // replaced by DynamicJsonDocument which allocates in the heap.
-  //
-  // DynamicJsonDocument  doc(200);
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // Add values in the document
-  //
   doc["sensor"] = "gps";
   doc["time"] = 1351824120;
 
-  // Add an array.
-  //
-  JsonArray data = doc.createNestedArray("data");
+  // Add an array
+  JsonArray data = doc["data"].to<JsonArray>();
   data.add(48.756080);
   data.add(2.302038);
 
-  // Generate the minified JSON and send it to the Serial port.
-  //
+  // Generate the minified JSON and send it to the Serial port
   serializeJson(doc, Serial);
   // The above line prints:
   // {"sensor":"gps","time":1351824120,"data":[48.756080,2.302038]}
@@ -45,8 +34,7 @@ void setup() {
   // Start a new line
   Serial.println();
 
-  // Generate the prettified JSON and send it to the Serial port.
-  //
+  // Generate the prettified JSON and send it to the Serial port
   serializeJsonPretty(doc, Serial);
   // The above line prints:
   // {

examples/JsonHttpClient/JsonHttpClient.ino

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to parse a JSON document in an HTTP response.
 // It uses the Ethernet library, but can be easily adapted for Wifi.
 //
-// It performs a GET resquest on arduinojson.org/example.json
+// It performs a GET resquest on https://arduinojson.org/example.json
 // Here is the expected response:
 // {
 //   "sensor": "gps",
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 //   ]
 // }
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/http-client/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/http-client/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 #include <Ethernet.h>
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@
 void setup() {
   // Initialize Serial port
   Serial.begin(9600);
-  while (!Serial) continue;
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
 
   // Initialize Ethernet library
   byte mac[] = {0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED};
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ void setup() {
   client.println(F("Connection: close"));
   if (client.println() == 0) {
     Serial.println(F("Failed to send request"));
+    client.stop();
     return;
   }
 
@@ -63,6 +65,7 @@ void setup() {
   if (strcmp(status + 9, "200 OK") != 0) {
     Serial.print(F("Unexpected response: "));
     Serial.println(status);
+    client.stop();
     return;
   }
 
@@ -70,25 +73,25 @@ void setup() {
   char endOfHeaders[] = "\r\n\r\n";
   if (!client.find(endOfHeaders)) {
     Serial.println(F("Invalid response"));
+    client.stop();
     return;
   }
 
   // Allocate the JSON document
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  const size_t capacity = JSON_OBJECT_SIZE(3) + JSON_ARRAY_SIZE(2) + 60;
-  DynamicJsonDocument doc(capacity);
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // Parse JSON object
   DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, client);
   if (error) {
     Serial.print(F("deserializeJson() failed: "));
-    Serial.println(error.c_str());
+    Serial.println(error.f_str());
+    client.stop();
     return;
   }
 
   // Extract values
   Serial.println(F("Response:"));
-  Serial.println(doc["sensor"].as<char*>());
+  Serial.println(doc["sensor"].as<const char*>());
   Serial.println(doc["time"].as<long>());
   Serial.println(doc["data"][0].as<float>(), 6);
   Serial.println(doc["data"][1].as<float>(), 6);
@@ -101,6 +104,12 @@ void loop() {
   // not used in this example
 }
 
+// Performance issue?
+// ------------------
+//
+// EthernetClient is an unbuffered stream, which is not optimal for ArduinoJson.
+// See: https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/improve-speed/
+
 // See also
 // --------
 //

examples/JsonParserExample/JsonParserExample.ino

@@ -1,52 +1,37 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to deserialize a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/parser/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/parser/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 
 void setup() {
   // Initialize serial port
   Serial.begin(9600);
-  while (!Serial) continue;
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
 
   // Allocate the JSON document
-  //
-  // Inside the brackets, 200 is the capacity of the memory pool in bytes.
-  // Don't forget to change this value to match your JSON document.
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<200> doc;
-
-  // StaticJsonDocument<N> allocates memory on the stack, it can be
-  // replaced by DynamicJsonDocument which allocates in the heap.
-  //
-  // DynamicJsonDocument doc(200);
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // JSON input string.
-  //
-  // Using a char[], as shown here, enables the "zero-copy" mode. This mode uses
-  // the minimal amount of memory because the JsonDocument stores pointers to
-  // the input buffer.
-  // If you use another type of input, ArduinoJson must copy the strings from
-  // the input to the JsonDocument, so you need to increase the capacity of the
-  // JsonDocument.
-  char json[] =
+  const char* json =
       "{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}";
 
   // Deserialize the JSON document
   DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, json);
 
-  // Test if parsing succeeds.
+  // Test if parsing succeeds
   if (error) {
     Serial.print(F("deserializeJson() failed: "));
-    Serial.println(error.c_str());
+    Serial.println(error.f_str());
     return;
   }
 
-  // Fetch values.
+  // Fetch the values
   //
   // Most of the time, you can rely on the implicit casts.
   // In other case, you can do doc["time"].as<long>();
@@ -55,7 +40,7 @@ void setup() {
   double latitude = doc["data"][0];
   double longitude = doc["data"][1];
 
-  // Print values.
+  // Print the values
   Serial.println(sensor);
   Serial.println(time);
   Serial.println(latitude, 6);

examples/JsonServer/JsonServer.ino

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to implement an HTTP server that sends a JSON document
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 //   "digital": [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0]
 // }
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/http-server/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/http-server/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 #include <Ethernet.h>
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ EthernetServer server(80);
 void setup() {
   // Initialize serial port
   Serial.begin(9600);
-  while (!Serial) continue;
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
 
   // Initialize Ethernet libary
   if (!Ethernet.begin(mac)) {
@@ -46,19 +47,20 @@ void loop() {
   EthernetClient client = server.available();
 
   // Do we have a client?
-  if (!client) return;
+  if (!client)
+    return;
 
   Serial.println(F("New client"));
 
   // Read the request (we ignore the content in this example)
-  while (client.available()) client.read();
+  while (client.available())
+    client.read();
 
   // Allocate a temporary JsonDocument
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<500> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // Create the "analog" array
-  JsonArray analogValues = doc.createNestedArray("analog");
+  JsonArray analogValues = doc["analog"].to<JsonArray>();
   for (int pin = 0; pin < 6; pin++) {
     // Read the analog input
     int value = analogRead(pin);
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ void loop() {
   }
 
   // Create the "digital" array
-  JsonArray digitalValues = doc.createNestedArray("digital");
+  JsonArray digitalValues = doc["digital"].to<JsonArray>();
   for (int pin = 0; pin < 14; pin++) {
     // Read the digital input
     int value = digitalRead(pin);
@@ -96,6 +98,12 @@ void loop() {
   client.stop();
 }
 
+// Performance issue?
+// ------------------
+//
+// EthernetClient is an unbuffered stream, which is not optimal for ArduinoJson.
+// See: https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/improve-speed/
+
 // See also
 // --------
 //

examples/JsonUdpBeacon/JsonUdpBeacon.ino

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to send a JSON document to a UDP socket.
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 // $ ncat -ulp 8888
 // See https://nmap.org/ncat/
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/udp-beacon/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/udp-beacon/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 #include <Ethernet.h>
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ EthernetUDP udp;
 void setup() {
   // Initialize serial port
   Serial.begin(9600);
-  while (!Serial) continue;
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
 
   // Initialize Ethernet libary
   if (!Ethernet.begin(mac)) {
@@ -46,11 +47,10 @@ void setup() {
 
 void loop() {
   // Allocate a temporary JsonDocument
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<500> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // Create the "analog" array
-  JsonArray analogValues = doc.createNestedArray("analog");
+  JsonArray analogValues = doc["analog"].to<JsonArray>();
   for (int pin = 0; pin < 6; pin++) {
     // Read the analog input
     int value = analogRead(pin);
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ void loop() {
   }
 
   // Create the "digital" array
-  JsonArray digitalValues = doc.createNestedArray("digital");
+  JsonArray digitalValues = doc["digital"].to<JsonArray>();
   for (int pin = 0; pin < 14; pin++) {
     // Read the digital input
     int value = digitalRead(pin);
@@ -86,6 +86,12 @@ void loop() {
   delay(10000);
 }
 
+// Performance issue?
+// ------------------
+//
+// EthernetUDP is an unbuffered stream, which is not optimal for ArduinoJson.
+// See: https://arduinojson.org/v7/how-to/improve-speed/
+
 // See also
 // --------
 //

examples/MsgPackParser/MsgPackParser.ino

@@ -1,39 +1,24 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to deserialize a MessagePack document with
 // ArduinoJson.
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/msgpack-parser/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/msgpack-parser/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 
 void setup() {
   // Initialize serial port
   Serial.begin(9600);
-  while (!Serial) continue;
+  while (!Serial)
+    continue;
 
   // Allocate the JSON document
-  //
-  // Inside the brackets, 200 is the capacity of the memory pool in bytes.
-  // Don't forget to change this value to match your JSON document.
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<200> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
-  // StaticJsonObject allocates memory on the stack, it can be
-  // replaced by DynamicJsonObject which allocates in the heap.
-  //
-  // DynamicJsonObject doc(200);
-
-  // MessagePack input string.
-  //
-  // Using a char[], as shown here, enables the "zero-copy" mode. This mode uses
-  // the minimal amount of memory because the JsonDocument stores pointers to
-  // the input buffer.
-  // If you use another type of input, ArduinoJson must copy the strings from
-  // the input to the JsonDocument, so you need to increase the capacity of the
-  // JsonDocument.
+  // The MessagePack input string
   uint8_t input[] = {131, 166, 115, 101, 110, 115, 111, 114, 163, 103, 112, 115,
                      164, 116, 105, 109, 101, 206, 80,  147, 50,  248, 164, 100,
                      97,  116, 97,  146, 203, 64,  72,  96,  199, 58,  188, 148,
@@ -45,16 +30,17 @@ void setup() {
   //   "data": [48.75608, 2.302038]
   // }
 
+  // Parse the input
   DeserializationError error = deserializeMsgPack(doc, input);
 
-  // Test if parsing succeeded.
+  // Test if parsing succeeded
   if (error) {
     Serial.print("deserializeMsgPack() failed: ");
-    Serial.println(error.c_str());
+    Serial.println(error.f_str());
     return;
   }
 
-  // Fetch values.
+  // Fetch the values
   //
   // Most of the time, you can rely on the implicit casts.
   // In other case, you can do doc["time"].as<long>();
@@ -63,7 +49,7 @@ void setup() {
   double latitude = doc["data"][0];
   double longitude = doc["data"][1];
 
-  // Print values.
+  // Print the values
   Serial.println(sensor);
   Serial.println(time);
   Serial.println(latitude, 6);

examples/ProgmemExample/ProgmemExample.ino

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows the different ways you can use Flash strings with
@@ -9,49 +9,40 @@
 // JsonDocument. Prefer plain old char*, as they are more efficient in term of
 // code size, speed, and memory usage.
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/progmem/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/progmem/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 
 void setup() {
-#ifdef PROGMEM  // <- check that Flash strings are supported
-
-  DynamicJsonDocument doc(1024);
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // You can use a Flash String as your JSON input.
   // WARNING: the strings in the input will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
   deserializeJson(doc, F("{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,"
                          "\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}"));
-  JsonObject obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
 
-  // You can use a Flash String to get an element of a JsonObject
+  // You can use a Flash String as a key to get a member from JsonDocument
   // No duplication is done.
-  long time = obj[F("time")];
+  long time = doc[F("time")];
 
-  // You can use a Flash String to set an element of a JsonObject
+  // You can use a Flash String as a key to set a member of a JsonDocument
   // WARNING: the content of the Flash String will be duplicated in the
   // JsonDocument.
-  obj[F("time")] = time;
+  doc[F("time")] = time;
 
-  // You can set a Flash String to a JsonObject or JsonArray:
+  // You can set a Flash String as the content of a JsonVariant
   // WARNING: the content of the Flash String will be duplicated in the
   // JsonDocument.
-  obj["sensor"] = F("gps");
+  doc["sensor"] = F("gps");
 
   // It works with serialized() too:
-  obj["sensor"] = serialized(F("\"gps\""));
-  obj["sensor"] = serialized(F("\xA3gps"), 3);
+  doc["sensor"] = serialized(F("\"gps\""));
+  doc["sensor"] = serialized(F("\xA3gps"), 3);
 
   // You can compare the content of a JsonVariant to a Flash String
-  if (obj["sensor"] == F("gps")) {
+  if (doc["sensor"] == F("gps")) {
     // ...
   }
-
-#else
-
-#warning PROGMEM is not supported on this platform
-
-#endif
 }
 
 void loop() {

examples/StringExample/StringExample.ino

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows the different ways you can use String with ArduinoJson.
@@ -8,50 +8,49 @@
 // JsonDocument. Prefer plain old char[], as they are more efficient in term of
 // code size, speed, and memory usage.
 //
-// https://arduinojson.org/v6/example/string/
+// https://arduinojson.org/v7/example/string/
 
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 
 void setup() {
-  DynamicJsonDocument doc(1024);
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
   // You can use a String as your JSON input.
   // WARNING: the string in the input  will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
   String input =
       "{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}";
   deserializeJson(doc, input);
-  JsonObject obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
 
-  // You can use a String to get an element of a JsonObject
+  // You can use a String as a key to get a member from JsonDocument
   // No duplication is done.
-  long time = obj[String("time")];
+  long time = doc[String("time")];
 
-  // You can use a String to set an element of a JsonObject
+  // You can use a String as a key to set a member of a JsonDocument
   // WARNING: the content of the String will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
-  obj[String("time")] = time;
+  doc[String("time")] = time;
 
-  // You can get a String from a JsonObject or JsonArray:
+  // You can get the content of a JsonVariant as a String
   // No duplication is done, at least not in the JsonDocument.
-  String sensor = obj["sensor"];
+  String sensor = doc["sensor"];
 
   // Unfortunately, the following doesn't work (issue #118):
-  // sensor = obj["sensor"]; // <-  error "ambiguous overload for 'operator='"
+  // sensor = doc["sensor"]; // <-  error "ambiguous overload for 'operator='"
   // As a workaround, you need to replace by:
-  sensor = obj["sensor"].as<String>();
+  sensor = doc["sensor"].as<String>();
 
-  // You can set a String to a JsonObject or JsonArray:
+  // You can set a String as the content of a JsonVariant
   // WARNING: the content of the String will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
-  obj["sensor"] = sensor;
+  doc["sensor"] = sensor;
 
   // It works with serialized() too:
-  obj["sensor"] = serialized(sensor);
+  doc["sensor"] = serialized(sensor);
 
   // You can also concatenate strings
   // WARNING: the content of the String will be duplicated in the JsonDocument.
-  obj[String("sen") + "sor"] = String("gp") + "s";
+  doc[String("sen") + "sor"] = String("gp") + "s";
 
   // You can compare the content of a JsonObject with a String
-  if (obj["sensor"] == sensor) {
+  if (doc["sensor"] == sensor) {
     // ...
   }
 

extras/CompileOptions.cmake

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+if(NOT DEFINED COVERAGE)
+	set(COVERAGE OFF)
+endif()
+
 if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "(GNU|Clang)")
 	add_compile_options(
 		-pedantic
@@ -18,28 +22,32 @@ if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "(GNU|Clang)")
 		-Wparentheses
 		-Wredundant-decls
 		-Wshadow
+		-Wsign-conversion
 		-Wsign-promo
 		-Wstrict-aliasing
 		-Wundef
 	)
 
-	if(NOT MINGW)
-		add_compile_options(
-			-std=c++98
-		)
-	endif()
-
 	if(${COVERAGE})
 		set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage")
 	endif()
-
 endif()
 
-if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL  "GNU")
-	if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 4.8)
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU")
+	if((CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 4.9) AND(NOT ${COVERAGE}))
 		add_compile_options(-g -Og)
-	else()
-		add_compile_options(-g -O0)
+	else() # GCC 4.8
+		add_compile_options(
+			-g
+			-O0 # GCC 4.8 doesn't support -Og
+			-Wno-shadow  # allow the same name for a function parameter and a member functions
+			-Wp,-w  # Disable preprocessing warnings (see below)
+		)
+		# GCC 4.8 doesn't support __has_include, so we need to help him
+		add_definitions(
+			-DARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STD_STRING=1
+			-DARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STD_STREAM=1
+		)
 	endif()
 
 	add_compile_options(
@@ -70,7 +78,10 @@ if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang")
 endif()
 
 if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
-	if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 4.0)
+	add_compile_options(-stdlib=libc++)
+	link_libraries(c++ m)
+
+	if((CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 4.0) AND(NOT ${COVERAGE}))
 		add_compile_options(-g -Og)
 	else()
 		add_compile_options(-g -O0)
@@ -78,7 +89,7 @@ if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
 endif()
 
 if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "AppleClang")
-	if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 9.0)
+	if((CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 9.0) AND(NOT ${COVERAGE}))
 		add_compile_options(-g -Og)
 	else()
 		add_compile_options(-g -O0)
@@ -90,11 +101,12 @@ if(MSVC)
 	add_compile_options(
 		/W4 # Set warning level
 		/WX # Treats all compiler warnings as errors.
+		/Zc:__cplusplus # Enable updated __cplusplus macro
 	)
-
-	if (NOT MSVC_VERSION LESS  1910) #  >= Visual Studio 2017
-		add_compile_options(
-			/Zc:__cplusplus  # Enable updated __cplusplus macro
-		)
-	endif()
+endif()
+
+if(MINGW)
+	# Static link on MinGW to avoid linking with the wrong DLLs when multiple
+	# versions are installed.
+	add_link_options(-static)
 endif()

extras/ci/arduino.sh

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash -eux
-
-/sbin/start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /tmp/custom_xvfb_1.pid --make-pidfile --background --exec /usr/bin/Xvfb -- :1 -ac -screen 0 1280x1024x16
-sleep 3
-export DISPLAY=:1.0
-
-mkdir -p /tmp/arduino
-curl -sS http://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-$VERSION-linux64.tar.xz | tar xJ -C /tmp/arduino --strip 1 ||
-curl -sS http://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-$VERSION-linux64.tgz | tar xz -C /tmp/arduino --strip 1
-export PATH=$PATH:/tmp/arduino/
-
-if [[ "$BOARD" =~ "arduino:samd:" ]]; then
-  arduino --install-boards arduino:samd
-fi
-
-ln -s $PWD /tmp/arduino/libraries/ArduinoJson
-
-for EXAMPLE in $PWD/examples/*/*.ino; do
-	arduino --verify --board $BOARD $EXAMPLE
-done

extras/ci/build.sh

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -ex
-
-export CC="$_CC"
-export CXX="$_CXX"
-
-cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release .
-cmake --build .

extras/ci/coverage.sh

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -eux
-
-cmake -DCOVERAGE=true .
-make 
-make test
-
-pip install --user cpp-coveralls 'requests[security]'
-pwd
-coveralls --include 'src' --gcov-options '\-lp'

extras/ci/espidf/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
+# MIT License
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
+
+include($ENV{IDF_PATH}/tools/cmake/project.cmake)
+project(example)

extras/ci/espidf/main/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
+# MIT License
+
+idf_component_register(
+	SRCS "main.cpp"
+	INCLUDE_DIRS ""
+)

extras/ci/espidf/main/component.mk

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#
+# "main" pseudo-component makefile.
+#
+# (Uses default behaviour of compiling all source files in directory, adding 'include' to include path.)

extras/ci/espidf/main/main.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+extern "C" void app_main() {
+  char buffer[256];
+  JsonDocument doc;
+
+  doc["hello"] = "world";
+  serializeJson(doc, buffer);
+  deserializeJson(doc, buffer);
+  serializeMsgPack(doc, buffer);
+  deserializeMsgPack(doc, buffer);
+}

extras/ci/fuzz.sh

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash -eux
-
-ROOT_DIR=$(dirname $0)/../../
-FUZZING_DIR=${ROOT_DIR}/extras/fuzzing/
-
-export CC="clang-${CLANG}"
-export CXX="clang++-${CLANG}"
-cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
-
-FUZZER_TARGET="${FUZZER}_fuzzer"
-FUZZER_PATH="extras/fuzzing/${FUZZER_TARGET}"
-CORPUS_DIR="${FUZZING_DIR}/${FUZZER}_corpus"
-SEED_CORPUS_DIR="${FUZZING_DIR}/${FUZZER}_seed_corpus"
-
-cmake --build . --target $FUZZER_TARGET
-
-export ASAN_OPTIONS="detect_leaks=0"
-export LLVM_PROFILE_FILE="${FUZZER_TARGET}.profraw"
-${FUZZER_PATH} "$CORPUS_DIR" "$SEED_CORPUS_DIR" -max_total_time=60 -timeout=1
-
-llvm-profdata-${CLANG} merge -sparse ${LLVM_PROFILE_FILE} -o ${FUZZER_TARGET}.profdata
-llvm-cov-${CLANG} report ./${FUZZER_PATH} -instr-profile=${FUZZER_TARGET}.profdata

extras/ci/particle.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/bin/sh -ex
+
+BOARD=$1
+
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/../../"
+
+cp extras/particle/src/smocktest.ino src/
+cp extras/particle/project.properties ./
+
+particle compile "$BOARD"

extras/ci/platformio.sh

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -eux
-
-pip install --user platformio
-
-case $BOARD in
-uno)
-  platformio lib install 868 # SD library
-  platformio lib install 872 # Ethernet library
-  ;;
-esp01)
-  platformio lib uninstall 161 || true
-  platformio lib uninstall 868 || true
-  platformio lib uninstall 872 || true
-  ;;
-esac
-
-for EXAMPLE in $PWD/examples/*/*.ino; 
-do
-	platformio ci $EXAMPLE -l '.' -b $BOARD
-done

extras/ci/test.sh

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -ex
-
-export CC="$_CC"
-export CXX="$_CXX"
-
-[ -n "$SANITIZE" ] && export CXXFLAGS="-fsanitize=$SANITIZE"
-
-cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug .
-cmake --build .
-ctest --output-on-failure .

extras/conf_test/avr.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_PROGMEM == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_PROGMEM");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG == 0, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY == 16, "ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE == 0, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE");
+
+static_assert(ArduinoJson::detail::ResourceManager::slotSize == 6, "slot size");
+
+void setup() {}
+void loop() {}

extras/conf_test/esp8266.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE == 2, "ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY == 128, "ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE");
+
+static_assert(ArduinoJson::detail::ResourceManager::slotSize == 8, "slot size");
+
+void setup() {}
+void loop() {}

extras/conf_test/x64.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE == 4, "ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY == 256, "ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE");
+
+static_assert(ArduinoJson::detail::ResourceManager::slotSize == 16,
+              "slot size");
+
+int main() {}

extras/conf_test/x86.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_LONG_LONG");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE == 2, "ARDUINOJSON_SLOT_ID_SIZE");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY == 128, "ARDUINOJSON_POOL_CAPACITY");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_LITTLE_ENDIAN");
+
+static_assert(ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE == 1, "ARDUINOJSON_USE_DOUBLE");
+
+static_assert(ArduinoJson::detail::ResourceManager::slotSize == 8, "slot size");
+
+int main() {}

extras/fuzzing/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
-# ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-# Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 # MIT License
 
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+
 if(MSVC)
 	add_compile_options(-D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
 endif()
@@ -22,11 +25,8 @@ target_link_libraries(json_reproducer
 	ArduinoJson
 )
 
-# Infer path of llvm-symbolizer from the path of clang
-string(REPLACE "clang++" "llvm-symbolizer" LLVM_SYMBOLIZER ${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER})
-
-macro(add_fuzzer name mode)	
-	set(FUZZER "${name}_${mode}_fuzzer")
+macro(add_fuzzer name)
+	set(FUZZER "${name}_fuzzer")
 	set(CORPUS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${name}_corpus")
 	set(SEED_CORPUS_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/${name}_seed_corpus")
 	add_executable("${FUZZER}"
@@ -36,38 +36,32 @@ macro(add_fuzzer name mode)
 		ArduinoJson
 	)
 	set_target_properties("${FUZZER}"
-		PROPERTIES 
-			COMPILE_FLAGS  
-				"-fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping -fsanitize=${mode},fuzzer -fno-sanitize-recover=all"
-			LINK_FLAGS
-				"-fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping -fsanitize=${mode},fuzzer -fno-sanitize-recover=all"
+		PROPERTIES
+			COMPILE_FLAGS "-fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping -fsanitize=fuzzer -fno-sanitize-recover=all"
+			LINK_FLAGS "-fprofile-instr-generate -fcoverage-mapping -fsanitize=fuzzer -fno-sanitize-recover=all"
 	)
 
 	add_test(
-		NAME
-			"${FUZZER}"
-		COMMAND
-			"${FUZZER}" "${CORPUS_DIR}" "${SEED_CORPUS_DIR}" -max_total_time=5 -timeout=1
+		NAME "${FUZZER}"
+		COMMAND "${FUZZER}" "${CORPUS_DIR}" "${SEED_CORPUS_DIR}" -max_total_time=5 -timeout=1
 	)
 
 	set_tests_properties("${FUZZER}"
 		PROPERTIES
-			ENVIRONMENT
-				ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH=${LLVM_SYMBOLIZER}
-			ENVIRONMENT
-				LLVM_SYMBOLIZER_PATH=${LLVM_SYMBOLIZER}
-			ENVIRONMENT
-				MSAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH=${LLVM_SYMBOLIZER}
-			ENVIRONMENT
-				UBSAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH=${LLVM_SYMBOLIZER}
+		LABELS "Fuzzing"
 	)
 endmacro()
 
-if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang" AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER 6)
-	add_fuzzer(json address)
-	add_fuzzer(json memory)
-	add_fuzzer(json undefined)
-	add_fuzzer(msgpack address)
-	add_fuzzer(msgpack memory)
-	add_fuzzer(msgpack undefined)
+# Needs Clang 6+ to compile
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang" AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 6)
+	if(DEFINED ENV{GITHUB_ACTIONS} AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION MATCHES "^11\\.")
+		# Clang 11 fails on GitHub Actions with the following error:
+		# > ERROR: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer failed to allocate 0x0 (0) bytes of SetAlternateSignalStack (error code: 22)
+		# > Sanitizer CHECK failed: /build/llvm-toolchain-11-mnvtwk/llvm-toolchain-11-11.1.0/compiler-rt/lib/sanitizer_common/sanitizer_common.cpp:54 ((0 && "unable to mmap")) != (0) (0, 0)
+		message(WARNING "Fuzzing is disabled on GitHub Actions to workaround a bug in Clang 11")
+		return()
+	endif()
+
+	add_fuzzer(json)
+	add_fuzzer(msgpack)
 endif()

extras/fuzzing/Makefile

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # CAUTION: this file is invoked by https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz
 
-CXXFLAGS += -I../../src -DARDUINOJSON_DEBUG=1
+CXXFLAGS += -I../../src -DARDUINOJSON_DEBUG=1 -std=c++11
 
 all: \
 	$(OUT)/json_fuzzer \

extras/fuzzing/json_fuzzer.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 
-extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
-  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+  JsonDocument doc;
   DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, data, size);
   if (!error) {
     std::string json;

extras/fuzzing/msgpack_fuzzer.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #include <ArduinoJson.h>
 
-extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) {
-  DynamicJsonDocument doc(4096);
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+  JsonDocument doc;
   DeserializationError error = deserializeMsgPack(doc, data, size);
   if (!error) {
     std::string json;

extras/fuzzing/reproducer.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 
 // This file is NOT use by Google's OSS fuzz

extras/particle/project.properties

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+name=ArduinoJsonCI

extras/particle/src/smocktest.ino

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "ArduinoJson.h"
+
+void setup() {}
+
+void loop() {}

extras/scripts/build-arduino-package.sh

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-TAG=$(git describe)
-OUTPUT="ArduinoJson-$TAG.zip"
-
-cd $(dirname $0)/../../..
-
-# remove existing file
-rm -f $OUTPUT
-
-# create zip
-7z a $OUTPUT \
-    -xr!.vs \
-	ArduinoJson/CHANGELOG.md \
-	ArduinoJson/examples \
-	ArduinoJson/src \
-	ArduinoJson/keywords.txt \
-	ArduinoJson/library.properties \
-	ArduinoJson/LICENSE.md \
-	ArduinoJson/README.md \
-	ArduinoJson/ArduinoJson.h

extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh

@@ -2,11 +2,10 @@
 
 set -e
 
-TAG=$(git describe)
-RE_RELATIVE_INCLUDE='^#include[[:space:]]*"(.*)"'
-RE_ABSOLUTE_INCLUDE='^#include[[:space:]]*<(ArduinoJson/.*)>'
-RE_SYSTEM_INCLUDE='^#include[[:space:]]*<(.*)>'
-RE_EMPTY='^(#pragma[[:space:]]+once)?[[:space:]]*(//.*)?$'
+RE_RELATIVE_INCLUDE='^#[[:space:]]*include[[:space:]]*"(.*)"'
+RE_ABSOLUTE_INCLUDE='^#[[:space:]]*include[[:space:]]*<(ArduinoJson/.*)>'
+RE_SYSTEM_INCLUDE='^#[[:space:]]*include[[:space:]]*<(.*)>'
+RE_EMPTY='^(#[[:space:]]*pragma[[:space:]]+once)?[[:space:]]*(//.*)?$'
 SRC_DIRECTORY="$(realpath "$(dirname $0)/../../src")"
 
 
@@ -54,29 +53,13 @@ process()
 }
 
 simplify_namespaces() {
-	perl -p0i -e 's|\}  // namespace ARDUINOJSON_NAMESPACE\r?\nnamespace ARDUINOJSON_NAMESPACE \{\r?\n||igs' "$1"
+	perl -p0i -e 's|ARDUINOJSON_END_PUBLIC_NAMESPACE\r?\nARDUINOJSON_BEGIN_PUBLIC_NAMESPACE\r?\n||igs' "$1"
+	perl -p0i -e 's|ARDUINOJSON_END_PRIVATE_NAMESPACE\r?\nARDUINOJSON_BEGIN_PRIVATE_NAMESPACE\r?\n||igs' "$1"
 	rm -f "$1.bak"
 }
 
-cd $(dirname $0)/../..
 INCLUDED=()
-process src/ArduinoJson.h true > ../ArduinoJson-$TAG.h
-simplify_namespaces ../ArduinoJson-$TAG.h
-g++ -x c++ -c -o ../smoketest.o - <<END
-#include "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.h"
-int main() {
-	StaticJsonDocument<300> doc;
-	deserializeJson(doc, "{}");
-}
-END
-
-INCLUDED=()
-process src/ArduinoJson.hpp true > ../ArduinoJson-$TAG.hpp
-simplify_namespaces ../ArduinoJson-$TAG.hpp
-g++ -x c++ -c -o ../smoketest.o - <<END
-#include "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.hpp"
-int main() {
-	ArduinoJson::StaticJsonDocument<300> doc;
-	ArduinoJson::deserializeJson(doc, "{}");
-}
-END
+INPUT=$1
+OUTPUT=$2
+process "$INPUT" true > "$OUTPUT"
+simplify_namespaces "$OUTPUT"

extras/scripts/extract_changes.awk

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/usr/bin/awk -f
+
+# Start echoing after the first list item
+/\* / {
+    STARTED=1
+    EMPTY_LINE=0
+}
+
+# Remember if we have seen an empty line
+/^[[:space:]]*$/ {
+    EMPTY_LINE=1
+}
+
+# Exit when seeing a new version number
+/^v[[:digit:]]/ {
+    if (STARTED) exit
+}
+
+# Print if the line is not empty
+# and restore the empty line we have skipped
+!/^[[:space:]]*$/ {
+    if (STARTED) {
+        if (EMPTY_LINE) {
+            print ""
+            EMPTY_LINE=0
+        }
+        print
+    }
+}

extras/scripts/get-release-page.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -eu
+
+VERSION="$1"
+CHANGELOG="$2"
+ARDUINOJSON_H="$3"
+
+cat << END
+---
+branch: v7
+version: $VERSION
+date: '$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')'
+$(extras/scripts/wandbox/publish.sh "$ARDUINOJSON_H")
+---
+
+$(extras/scripts/extract_changes.awk "$CHANGELOG")
+END

extras/scripts/publish-particle-library.sh

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ trap 'rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"' EXIT
 cp "$SOURCE_DIR/README.md" "$WORK_DIR/README.md"
 cp "$SOURCE_DIR/CHANGELOG.md" "$WORK_DIR/CHANGELOG.md"
 cp "$SOURCE_DIR/library.properties" "$WORK_DIR/library.properties"
-cp "$SOURCE_DIR/LICENSE.md" "$WORK_DIR/LICENSE.txt"
+cp "$SOURCE_DIR/LICENSE.txt" "$WORK_DIR/LICENSE.txt"
 cp -r "$SOURCE_DIR/src" "$WORK_DIR/"
 cp -r "$SOURCE_DIR/examples" "$WORK_DIR/"
 

extras/scripts/publish.sh

@@ -2,18 +2,26 @@
 
 set -eu
 
+which awk sed jq curl perl >/dev/null
+
 cd "$(dirname "$0")/../.."
 
+if ! git diff --quiet --exit-code; then
+	echo "Repository contains uncommitted changes"
+	exit
+fi
+
 VERSION="$1"
 DATE=$(date +%F)
 TAG="v$VERSION"
-VERSION_REGEX="[0-9a-z\\.\\-]+"
+VERSION_REGEX='[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[a-z0-9]+)?'
+STARS=$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/bblanchon/ArduinoJson | jq '.stargazers_count')
 
 update_version_in_source () {
 	IFS=".-" read MAJOR MINOR REVISION EXTRA < <(echo "$VERSION")
 	UNDERLINE=$(printf -- '-%.0s' $(seq 1 ${#TAG}))
 
-	sed -i~ -bE "s/version=$VERSION_REGEX/version=$VERSION/; s|ardu-badge.com/ArduinoJson/$VERSION_REGEX|ardu-badge.com/ArduinoJson/$VERSION|; " README.md
+	sed -i~ -bE "1,20{s/$VERSION_REGEX/$VERSION/g}" README.md
 	rm README.md~
 
 	sed -i~ -bE "4s/HEAD/$TAG ($DATE)/; 5s/-+/$UNDERLINE/" CHANGELOG.md
@@ -22,26 +30,39 @@ update_version_in_source () {
 	sed -i~ -bE "s/(project\\s*\\(ArduinoJson\\s+VERSION\\s+).*?\\)/\\1$MAJOR.$MINOR.$REVISION)/" CMakeLists.txt
 	rm CMakeLists.txt~
 
-	sed -i~ -bE "s/\"version\":.*$/\"version\": \"$VERSION\",/" library.json
+	sed -i~ -bE \
+		-e "s/\"version\":.*$/\"version\": \"$VERSION\",/" \
+		-e "s/[0-9]+ stars/$STARS stars/" \
+		library.json
 	rm library.json~
 
-	sed -i~ -bE "s/version=.*$/version=$VERSION/" library.properties
+	sed -i~ -bE \
+		-e "s/version=.*$/version=$VERSION/" \
+		-e "s/[0-9]+ stars/$STARS stars/" \
+		library.properties
 	rm library.properties~
 
 	sed -i~ -bE "s/version: .*$/version: $VERSION.{build}/" appveyor.yml
 	rm appveyor.yml~
 
+	sed -i~ -bE \
+		-e "s/^version: .*$/version: \"$VERSION\"/" \
+		-e "s/[0-9]+ stars/$STARS stars/" \
+		idf_component.yml
+	rm idf_component.yml~
+
 	sed -i~ -bE \
 		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION \"$VERSION\"/" \
 		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MAJOR .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MAJOR $MAJOR/" \
 		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MINOR .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MINOR $MINOR/" \
 		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_REVISION .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_REVISION $REVISION/" \
+		-e "s/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MACRO .*$/ARDUINOJSON_VERSION_MACRO V$MAJOR$MINOR$REVISION/" \
 		src/ArduinoJson/version.hpp
 	rm src/ArduinoJson/version.hpp*~
 }
 
 commit_new_version () {
-	git add src/ArduinoJson/version.hpp README.md CHANGELOG.md library.json library.properties appveyor.yml CMakeLists.txt
+	git add src/ArduinoJson/version.hpp README.md CHANGELOG.md library.json library.properties appveyor.yml CMakeLists.txt idf_component.yml
 	git commit -m "Set version to $VERSION"
 }
 
@@ -59,6 +80,8 @@ commit_new_version
 add_tag
 push
 
-extras/scripts/build-arduino-package.sh
-extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh
-extras/scripts/wandbox/publish.sh "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.h"
+extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh "src/ArduinoJson.h" "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.h"
+extras/scripts/build-single-header.sh "src/ArduinoJson.hpp" "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.hpp"
+extras/scripts/get-release-page.sh "$VERSION" "CHANGELOG.md" "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.h" > "../ArduinoJson-$TAG.md"
+
+echo "You can now copy ../ArduinoJson-$TAG.md into arduinojson.org/collections/_versions/$VERSION.md"

extras/scripts/wandbox/JsonGeneratorExample.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to generate a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
@@ -9,35 +9,18 @@
 
 int main() {
   // Allocate the JSON document
-  //
-  // Inside the brackets, 200 is the RAM allocated to this document.
-  // Don't forget to change this value to match your requirement.
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<200> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
-  // StaticJsonObject allocates memory on the stack, it can be
-  // replaced by DynamicJsonDocument which allocates in the heap.
-  //
-  // DynamicJsonDocument  doc(200);
-
-  // StaticJsonObject allocates memory on the stack, it can be
-  // replaced by DynamicJsonDocument which allocates in the heap.
-  //
-  // DynamicJsonDocument  doc(200);
-
-  // Add values in the document
-  //
+  // Add values in the document.
   doc["sensor"] = "gps";
   doc["time"] = 1351824120;
 
-  // Add an array.
-  //
-  JsonArray data = doc.createNestedArray("data");
+  // Add an array
+  JsonArray data = doc["data"].to<JsonArray>();
   data.add(48.756080);
   data.add(2.302038);
 
   // Generate the minified JSON and send it to STDOUT
-  //
   serializeJson(doc, std::cout);
   // The above line prints:
   // {"sensor":"gps","time":1351824120,"data":[48.756080,2.302038]}
@@ -46,7 +29,6 @@ int main() {
   std::cout << std::endl;
 
   // Generate the prettified JSON and send it to STDOUT
-  //
   serializeJsonPretty(doc, std::cout);
   // The above line prints:
   // {

extras/scripts/wandbox/JsonParserExample.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to deserialize a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
@@ -9,38 +9,22 @@
 
 int main() {
   // Allocate the JSON document
-  //
-  // Inside the brackets, 200 is the capacity of the memory pool in bytes.
-  // Don't forget to change this value to match your JSON document.
-  // Use arduinojson.org/v6/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<300> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
-  // StaticJsonDocument<N> allocates memory on the stack, it can be
-  // replaced by DynamicJsonDocument which allocates in the heap.
-  //
-  // DynamicJsonDocument doc(200);
-
-  // JSON input string.
-  //
-  // Using a char[], as shown here, enables the "zero-copy" mode. This mode uses
-  // the minimal amount of memory because the JsonDocument stores pointers to
-  // the input buffer.
-  // If you use another type of input, ArduinoJson must copy the strings from
-  // the input to the JsonDocument, so you need to increase the capacity of the
-  // JsonDocument.
-  char json[] =
+  // JSON input string
+  const char* json =
       "{\"sensor\":\"gps\",\"time\":1351824120,\"data\":[48.756080,2.302038]}";
 
   // Deserialize the JSON document
   DeserializationError error = deserializeJson(doc, json);
 
-  // Test if parsing succeeds.
+  // Test if parsing succeeds
   if (error) {
     std::cerr << "deserializeJson() failed: " << error.c_str() << std::endl;
     return 1;
   }
 
-  // Fetch values.
+  // Fetch the values
   //
   // Most of the time, you can rely on the implicit casts.
   // In other case, you can do doc["time"].as<long>();
@@ -49,7 +33,7 @@ int main() {
   double latitude = doc["data"][0];
   double longitude = doc["data"][1];
 
-  // Print values.
+  // Print the values
   std::cout << sensor << std::endl;
   std::cout << time << std::endl;
   std::cout << latitude << std::endl;

extras/scripts/wandbox/MsgPackParserExample.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-// Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 // MIT License
 //
 // This example shows how to generate a JSON document with ArduinoJson.
@@ -9,22 +9,9 @@
 
 int main() {
   // Allocate the JSON document
-  //
-  // Inside the brackets, 300 is the size of the memory pool in bytes.
-  // Don't forget to change this value to match your JSON document.
-  // Use arduinojson.org/assistant to compute the capacity.
-  StaticJsonDocument<300> doc;
+  JsonDocument doc;
 
-  // StaticJsonObject allocates memory on the stack, it can be
-  // replaced by DynamicJsonObject which allocates in the heap.
-  //
-  // DynamicJsonObject doc(200);
-
-  // MessagePack input string.
-  //
-  // It's better to use a char[] as shown here.
-  // If you use a const char* or a String, ArduinoJson will
-  // have to make a copy of the input in the JsonBuffer.
+  // The MessagePack input string
   uint8_t input[] = {131, 166, 115, 101, 110, 115, 111, 114, 163, 103, 112, 115,
                      164, 116, 105, 109, 101, 206, 80,  147, 50,  248, 164, 100,
                      97,  116, 97,  146, 203, 64,  72,  96,  199, 58,  188, 148,
@@ -36,20 +23,16 @@ int main() {
   //   "data": [48.75608, 2.302038]
   // }
 
-  // doc of the object tree.
-  //
-  // It's a reference to the JsonObject, the actual bytes are inside the
-  // JsonBuffer with all the other nodes of the object tree.
-  // Memory is freed when jsonBuffer goes out of scope.
+  // Parse the input
   DeserializationError error = deserializeMsgPack(doc, input);
 
-  // Test if parsing succeeds.
+  // Test if parsing succeeds
   if (error) {
     std::cerr << "deserializeMsgPack() failed: " << error.c_str() << std::endl;
     return 1;
   }
 
-  // Fetch values.
+  // Fetch the values
   //
   // Most of the time, you can rely on the implicit casts.
   // In other case, you can do doc["time"].as<long>();
@@ -58,7 +41,7 @@ int main() {
   double latitude = doc["data"][0];
   double longitude = doc["data"][1];
 
-  // Print values.
+  // Print the values
   std::cout << sensor << std::endl;
   std::cout << time << std::endl;
   std::cout << latitude << std::endl;

extras/scripts/wandbox/publish.sh

@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@ compile() {
 {
   "code":$(read_string "$FILE_PATH"),
   "codes": [{"file":"ArduinoJson.h","code":$(read_string "$ARDUINOJSON_H")}],
-  "options": "warning",
-  "compiler": "gcc-4.9.3",
+  "options": "warning,c++11",
+  "compiler": "gcc-head",
   "save": true
 }
 END
 	URL=$(curl -sS -H "Content-type: application/json" -d @parameters.json  https://wandbox.org/api/compile.json | jq --raw-output .url)
 	rm parameters.json
-	echo "  $1: $URL"
+	[ -n "$URL" ] && echo "$1: $URL"
 }
 
 compile "JsonGeneratorExample"

extras/tests/.clang-tidy

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Checks:              '-clang-analyzer-security.insecureAPI.*'

extras/tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,23 +1,33 @@
-# ArduinoJson - arduinojson.org
-# Copyright Benoit Blanchon 2014-2020
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
 # MIT License
 
-add_subdirectory(catch)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
 
-link_libraries(ArduinoJson catch)
+link_libraries(ArduinoJson)
+
+# Failing builds should only link with ArduinoJson, not catch
+add_subdirectory(FailingBuilds)
+
+add_subdirectory(catch)
+link_libraries(catch)
 
 include_directories(Helpers)
-add_subdirectory(ElementProxy)
-add_subdirectory(FailingBuilds)
+add_subdirectory(Cpp17)
+add_subdirectory(Cpp20)
+add_subdirectory(Deprecated)
 add_subdirectory(IntegrationTests)
 add_subdirectory(JsonArray)
+add_subdirectory(JsonArrayConst)
 add_subdirectory(JsonDeserializer)
 add_subdirectory(JsonDocument)
 add_subdirectory(JsonObject)
+add_subdirectory(JsonObjectConst)
 add_subdirectory(JsonSerializer)
 add_subdirectory(JsonVariant)
-add_subdirectory(MemberProxy)
-add_subdirectory(MemoryPool)
+add_subdirectory(JsonVariantConst)
+add_subdirectory(ResourceManager)
 add_subdirectory(Misc)
 add_subdirectory(MixedConfiguration)
 add_subdirectory(MsgPackDeserializer)

extras/tests/Cpp17/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
+# MIT License
+
+if(MSVC_VERSION LESS 1910)
+	return()
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang" AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 5)
+	return()
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU" AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 7)
+	return()
+endif()
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+
+add_executable(Cpp17Tests
+	string_view.cpp
+)
+
+add_test(Cpp17 Cpp17Tests)
+
+set_tests_properties(Cpp17
+	PROPERTIES
+		LABELS "Catch"
+)

extras/tests/Cpp17/string_view.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+// ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+// Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
+// MIT License
+
+// we expect ArduinoJson.h to include <string_view>
+// but we don't want it to included accidentally
+#undef ARDUINO
+#define ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STD_STREAM 0
+#define ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STD_STRING 0
+
+#include <ArduinoJson.h>
+#include <catch.hpp>
+
+#include "Allocators.hpp"
+#include "Literals.hpp"
+
+#if !ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STRING_VIEW
+#  error ARDUINOJSON_ENABLE_STRING_VIEW must be set to 1
+#endif
+
+using ArduinoJson::detail::sizeofArray;
+
+TEST_CASE("string_view") {
+  SpyingAllocator spy;
+  JsonDocument doc(&spy);
+  JsonVariant variant = doc.to<JsonVariant>();
+
+  SECTION("deserializeJson()") {
+    auto err = deserializeJson(doc, std::string_view("123", 2));
+    REQUIRE(err == DeserializationError::Ok);
+    REQUIRE(doc.as<int>() == 12);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("JsonDocument::set()") {
+    doc.set(std::string_view("123", 2));
+    REQUIRE(doc.as<std::string_view>() == "12");
+  }
+
+  SECTION("JsonDocument::operator[]() const") {
+    doc["ab"] = "Yes";
+    doc["abc"] = "No";
+    REQUIRE(doc[std::string_view("abc", 2)] == "Yes");
+  }
+
+  SECTION("JsonDocument::operator[]()") {
+    doc[std::string_view("abc", 2)] = "Yes";
+    REQUIRE(doc["ab"] == "Yes");
+  }
+
+  SECTION("JsonVariant::operator==()") {
+    variant.set("A");
+    REQUIRE(variant == std::string_view("AX", 1));
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(variant == std::string_view("BX", 1));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("JsonVariant::operator>()") {
+    variant.set("B");
+    REQUIRE(variant > std::string_view("AX", 1));
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(variant > std::string_view("CX", 1));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("JsonVariant::operator<()") {
+    variant.set("B");
+    REQUIRE(variant < std::string_view("CX", 1));
+    REQUIRE_FALSE(variant < std::string_view("AX", 1));
+  }
+
+  SECTION("String deduplication") {
+    doc.add(std::string_view("example one", 7));
+    doc.add(std::string_view("example two", 7));
+    doc.add(std::string_view("example\0tree", 12));
+    doc.add(std::string_view("example\0tree and a half", 12));
+
+    REQUIRE(spy.log() == AllocatorLog{
+                             Allocate(sizeofPool()),
+                             Allocate(sizeofString("example")),
+                             Allocate(sizeofString("example tree")),
+                         });
+  }
+
+  SECTION("as<std::string_view>()") {
+    doc["s"] = "Hello World";
+    doc["i"] = 42;
+    REQUIRE(doc["s"].as<std::string_view>() == std::string_view("Hello World"));
+    REQUIRE(doc["i"].as<std::string_view>() == std::string_view());
+  }
+
+  SECTION("is<std::string_view>()") {
+    doc["s"] = "Hello World";
+    doc["i"] = 42;
+    REQUIRE(doc["s"].is<std::string_view>() == true);
+    REQUIRE(doc["i"].is<std::string_view>() == false);
+  }
+
+  SECTION("String containing NUL") {
+    doc.set("hello\0world"_s);
+    REQUIRE(doc.as<std::string_view>().size() == 11);
+    REQUIRE(doc.as<std::string_view>() == std::string_view("hello\0world", 11));
+  }
+}
+
+using ArduinoJson::detail::adaptString;
+
+TEST_CASE("StringViewAdapter") {
+  std::string_view str("bravoXXX", 5);
+  auto adapter = adaptString(str);
+
+  CHECK(stringCompare(adapter, adaptString("alpha", 5)) > 0);
+  CHECK(stringCompare(adapter, adaptString("bravo", 5)) == 0);
+  CHECK(stringCompare(adapter, adaptString("charlie", 7)) < 0);
+
+  CHECK(adapter.size() == 5);
+}

extras/tests/Cpp20/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# ArduinoJson - https://arduinojson.org
+# Copyright © 2014-2025, Benoit BLANCHON
+# MIT License
+
+if(MSVC_VERSION LESS 1910)
+	return()
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID MATCHES "Clang" AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 10)
+	return()
+endif()
+
+if(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU" AND CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_LESS 10)
+	return()
+endif()
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+
+add_executable(Cpp20Tests
+	smoke_test.cpp
+)
+
+add_test(Cpp20 Cpp20Tests)
+
+set_tests_properties(Cpp20
+	PROPERTIES
+		LABELS "Catch"
+)