Use Azure mirrors of Ubuntu .deb repositories in containers.

This reduces the likelihood of spurious CI failures caused by DDoS filters
being triggered by massive numbers of concurrent CI jobs.

.drone.star

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Use, modification, and distribution are
+# subject to the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+# file LICENSE.txt)
+#
+# Copyright Rene Rivera 2020.
+
+# For Drone CI we use the Starlark scripting language to reduce duplication.
+# As the yaml syntax for Drone CI is rather limited.
+#
+#
+globalenv={}
+linuxglobalimage="cppalliance/droneubuntu1404:1"
+windowsglobalimage="cppalliance/dronevs2019"
+
+def main(ctx):
+  return [
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-4.4 CXXSTD=98,0x Job 0", "g++", packages="g++-4.4", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1404:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-4.4', 'CXXSTD': '98,0x', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'b6589fc6ab'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-4.6 CXXSTD=03,0x Job 1", "g++", packages="g++-4.6", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1404:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-4.6', 'CXXSTD': '03,0x', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '356a192b79'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-4.7 CXXSTD=03,11 Job 2", "g++-4.7", packages="g++-4.7", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1404:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-4.7', 'CXXSTD': '03,11', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'da4b9237ba'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-4.8 CXXSTD=03,11 Job 3", "g++-4.8", packages="g++-4.8", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-4.8', 'CXXSTD': '03,11', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '77de68daec'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-4.9 CXXSTD=03,11 Job 4", "g++-4.9", packages="g++-4.9", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-4.9', 'CXXSTD': '03,11', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '1b64538924'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-5 CXXSTD=03,11,14,1z Job 5", "g++-5", packages="g++-5", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-5', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'ac3478d69a'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-6 CXXSTD=03,11,14,1z Job 6", "g++-6", packages="g++-6", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-6', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'c1dfd96eea'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-7 CXXSTD=03,11,14,17 Job 7", "g++-7", packages="g++-7", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-7', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '902ba3cda1'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-8 CXXSTD=03,11,14,17 Job 8", "g++-8", packages="g++-8", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-8', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,2a', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'fe5dbbcea5'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-9 CXXSTD=03,11,14,17 Job 9", "g++-9", packages="g++-9", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1804:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-9', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,2a', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '0ade7c2cf9'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-10 CXXSTD=03,11,14,1 Job 10", "g++-10", packages="g++-10", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1804:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-10', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,20', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'b1d5781111'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("UBSAN=1 TOOLSET=gcc COMPILER=g++-10 CXXSTD=03 Job 11", "g++-10", packages="g++-10", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1804:1", environment={'UBSAN': '1', 'TOOLSET': 'gcc', 'COMPILER': 'g++-10', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,20', 'UBSAN_OPTIONS': 'print_stacktrace=1', 'LINKFLAGS': '-fuse-ld=gold', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '17ba079149'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-3.4 CXXSTD=03, Job 12", "clang++", packages="clang-3.4 libstdc++-4.9-dev", llvm_os="trusty", llvm_ver="3.4", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1404:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-3.4', 'CXXSTD': '03,11', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '7b52009b64'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-3.5 CXXSTD=03, Job 13", "clang++", packages="clang-3.5 libstdc++-4.9-dev", llvm_os="trusty", llvm_ver="3.5", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1404:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-3.5', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'bd307a3ec3'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-3.6 CXXSTD=03, Job 14", "clang++", packages="clang-3.6 libstdc++-5-dev", llvm_os="trusty", llvm_ver="3.6", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1404:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-3.6', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'fa35e19212'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-3.7 CXXSTD=03, Job 15", "clang++", packages="clang-3.7 libstdc++-5-dev", llvm_os="trusty", llvm_ver="3.7", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1404:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-3.7', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'f1abd67035'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-3.8 CXXSTD=03, Job 16", "clang++-3.8", packages="clang-3.8 libstdc++-6-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="3.8", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-3.8', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '1574bddb75'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-3.9 CXXSTD=03, Job 17", "clang++-3.9", packages="clang-3.9 libstdc++-6-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="3.9", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-3.9', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '0716d9708d'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-4.0 CXXSTD=03, Job 18", "clang++-4.0", packages="clang-4.0 libstdc++-6-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="4.0", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-4.0', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '9e6a55b6b4'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-5.0 CXXSTD=03, Job 19", "clang++-5.0", packages="clang-5.0 libstdc++-7-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="5.0", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-5.0', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,1z', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'b3f0c7f6bb'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-6.0 CXXSTD=03, Job 20", "clang++-6.0", packages="clang-6.0 libstdc++-8-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="6.0", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-6.0', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,2a', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '91032ad7bb'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-7 CXXSTD=03,11 Job 21", "clang++-7", packages="clang-7 libstdc++-8-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="7", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-7', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,2a', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '472b07b9fc'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-8 CXXSTD=03,11 Job 22", "clang++-8", packages="clang-8 libstdc++-8-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="8", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-8', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,2a', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '12c6fc06c9'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-9 CXXSTD=03,11 Job 23", "clang++-9", packages="clang-9 libstdc++-9-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="9", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-9', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,2a', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'd435a6cdd7'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-10 CXXSTD=03,1 Job 24", "clang++-10", packages="clang-10 libstdc++-9-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="10", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-10', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,20', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '4d134bc072'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("UBSAN=1 TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-10 CXX Job 25", "clang++-10", packages="clang-10 libstdc++-9-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="10", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'UBSAN': '1', 'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-10', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,20', 'UBSAN_OPTIONS': 'print_stacktrace=1', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'f6e1126ced'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-10 CXXSTD=03,1 Job 26", "clang++-10", packages="clang-10 libc++-10-dev libc++abi-10-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="10", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'CXXFLAGS': '-stdlib=libc++', 'LINKFLAGS': '-stdlib=libc++', 'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-10', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,20', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '887309d048'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  linux_cxx("UBSAN=1 TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++-10 CXX Job 27", "clang++-10", packages="clang-10 libc++-10-dev libc++abi-10-dev", llvm_os="xenial", llvm_ver="10", buildtype="boost", image="cppalliance/droneubuntu1604:1", environment={'CXXFLAGS': '-stdlib=libc++', 'LINKFLAGS': '-stdlib=libc++', 'UBSAN': '1', 'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++-10', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17,20', 'UBSAN_OPTIONS': 'print_stacktrace=1', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': 'bc33ea4e26'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  osx_cxx("TOOLSET=clang COMPILER=clang++ CXXSTD=03,11,1 Job 28", "clang++", packages="", buildtype="boost", xcode_version="11.2", environment={'TOOLSET': 'clang', 'COMPILER': 'clang++', 'CXXSTD': '03,11,14,17', 'DRONE_JOB_UUID': '0a57cb53ba'}, globalenv=globalenv),
+  ]
+
+# from https://github.com/boostorg/boost-ci
+load("@boost_ci//ci/drone/:functions.star", "linux_cxx","windows_cxx","osx_cxx","freebsd_cxx")

.drone/after-success.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+

.drone/before-install.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+

.drone/before-script.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+

.drone/boost.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+set -ex
+export TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR=$(pwd)
+export DRONE_BUILD_DIR=$(pwd)
+export TRAVIS_BRANCH=$DRONE_BRANCH
+export VCS_COMMIT_ID=$DRONE_COMMIT
+export GIT_COMMIT=$DRONE_COMMIT
+export REPO_NAME=$DRONE_REPO
+export PATH=~/.local/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH
+
+echo '==================================> BEFORE_INSTALL'
+
+. .drone/before-install.sh
+
+echo '==================================> INSTALL'
+
+GIT_FETCH_JOBS=8
+BOOST_BRANCH=develop
+if [ "$TRAVIS_BRANCH" = "master" ]; then BOOST_BRANCH=master; fi
+cd ..
+git clone -b $BOOST_BRANCH --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
+cd boost-root
+git submodule init tools/boostdep
+git submodule init tools/build
+git submodule init tools/boost_install
+git submodule init libs/headers
+git submodule init libs/config
+git submodule update --jobs $GIT_FETCH_JOBS
+cp -r $TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR/* libs/integer
+python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py --git_args "--jobs $GIT_FETCH_JOBS" integer
+./bootstrap.sh
+./b2 headers
+
+echo '==================================> BEFORE_SCRIPT'
+
+. $DRONE_BUILD_DIR/.drone/before-script.sh
+
+echo '==================================> SCRIPT'
+
+echo "using $TOOLSET : : $COMPILER ;" > ~/user-config.jam
+BUILD_JOBS=`(nproc || sysctl -n hw.ncpu) 2> /dev/null`
+./b2 -j $BUILD_JOBS libs/integer/test toolset=$TOOLSET cxxstd=$CXXSTD ${UBSAN:+cxxflags=-fsanitize=undefined cxxflags=-fno-sanitize-recover=undefined linkflags=-fsanitize=undefined define=UBSAN=1 debug-symbols=on visibility=global} ${CXXFLAGS:+cxxflags="$CXXFLAGS"} ${LINKFLAGS:+linkflags="$LINKFLAGS"}
+
+echo '==================================> AFTER_SUCCESS'
+
+. $DRONE_BUILD_DIR/.drone/after-success.sh

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,619 @@
+# Copyright 2021-2025 Andrey Semashev
+#
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+# (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+name: CI
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - master
+      - develop
+      - feature/**
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{format('{0}:{1}', github.repository, github.ref)}}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+env:
+  GIT_FETCH_JOBS: 8
+  NET_RETRY_COUNT: 5
+  DEFAULT_BUILD_VARIANT: debug,release
+
+jobs:
+  posix:
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: bash
+
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          # Linux, gcc
+          - toolset: gcc-4.6
+            cxxstd: "0x"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:16.04
+            install:
+              - g++-4.6
+            sources:
+              - "ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test"
+          - toolset: gcc-4.7
+            cxxstd: "11"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:16.04
+            install:
+              - g++-4.7
+          - toolset: gcc-4.8
+            cxxstd: "11"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - g++-4.8
+          - toolset: gcc-4.9
+            cxxstd: "11"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:16.04
+            install:
+              - g++-4.9
+          - toolset: gcc-5
+            cxxstd: "11,14,1z"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:16.04
+            install:
+              - g++-5
+          - toolset: gcc-6
+            cxxstd: "11,14,1z"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - g++-6
+          - toolset: gcc-7
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - g++-7
+          - toolset: gcc-8
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - g++-8
+          - toolset: gcc-9
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:20.04
+            install:
+              - g++-9
+          - toolset: gcc-10
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:20.04
+            install:
+              - g++-10
+          - toolset: gcc-11
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install:
+              - g++-11
+          - toolset: gcc-12
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install:
+              - g++-12
+          - toolset: gcc-13
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-24.04
+            install:
+              - g++-13
+          - toolset: gcc-14
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu,26-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-24.04
+            install:
+              - g++-14
+          - toolset: gcc-15
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu,26-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:25.04
+            install:
+              - g++-15
+          - name: UBSAN
+            toolset: gcc-13
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu"
+            ubsan: 1
+            build_variant: debug
+            os: ubuntu-24.04
+            install:
+              - g++-13
+
+          # Linux, clang
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-3.5
+            cxxstd: "11"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:16.04
+            install:
+              - clang-3.5
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-3.6
+            cxxstd: "11,14"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:16.04
+            install:
+              - clang-3.6
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-3.7
+            cxxstd: "11,14"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:16.04
+            install:
+              - clang-3.7
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-3.8
+            cxxstd: "11,14"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:16.04
+            install:
+              - clang-3.8
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-3.9
+            cxxstd: "11,14"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - clang-3.9
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-4.0
+            cxxstd: "11,14"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - clang-4.0
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-5.0
+            cxxstd: "11,14,1z"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - clang-5.0
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-6.0
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - clang-6.0
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-7
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - clang-7
+          # Note: clang-8 does not fully support C++20, so it is not compatible with libstdc++-8 in this mode
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-8
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:18.04
+            install:
+              - clang-8
+              - g++-7
+            gcc_toolchain: 7
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-9
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,2a"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:20.04
+            install:
+              - clang-9
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-10
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:20.04
+            install:
+              - clang-10
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-11
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install:
+              - clang-11
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-12
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,2b-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install:
+              - clang-12
+              - g++-11
+            gcc_toolchain: 11
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-13
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,2b-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install:
+              - clang-13
+              - g++-11
+            gcc_toolchain: 11
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-14
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,2b-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install:
+              - clang-14
+              - g++-11
+            gcc_toolchain: 11
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-15
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,2b-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-22.04
+            install:
+              - clang-15
+              - g++-11
+            gcc_toolchain: 11
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-16
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,2b-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-24.04
+            install:
+              - clang-16
+              - g++-11
+            gcc_toolchain: 11
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-17
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-24.04
+            install:
+              - clang-17
+              - g++-11
+            gcc_toolchain: 11
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-18
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu,26-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-24.04
+            install:
+              - clang-18
+              - g++-13
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-19
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu,26-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-24.04
+            install:
+              - clang-19
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-20
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu,26-gnu"
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:25.04
+            install:
+              - clang-20
+          - toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-20
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu,26-gnu"
+            cxxflags: -stdlib=libc++
+            linkflags: -stdlib=libc++
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            container: ubuntu:25.04
+            install:
+              - clang-20
+              - libc++-20-dev
+              - libc++abi-20-dev
+          - name: UBSAN
+            toolset: clang
+            compiler: clang++-18
+            cxxstd: "11-gnu,14-gnu,17-gnu,20-gnu,23-gnu,26-gnu"
+            cxxflags: -stdlib=libc++
+            linkflags: -stdlib=libc++
+            ubsan: 1
+            build_variant: debug
+            os: ubuntu-24.04
+            install:
+              - clang-18
+              - libc++-18-dev
+              - libc++abi-18-dev
+
+          - toolset: clang
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,2b"
+            os: macos-13
+          - toolset: clang
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,2b"
+            os: macos-14
+
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
+    container: ${{matrix.container}}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Setup environment
+        run: |
+            if [ -f "/etc/debian_version" ]
+            then
+                echo "DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+                export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
+            fi
+            if [ -n "${{matrix.container}}" ]
+            then
+                echo "GHA_CONTAINER=${{matrix.container}}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+                if [ -f "/etc/debian_version" ]
+                then
+                    # Use Azure APT mirrors in containers to avoid HTTP errors due to DDoS filters triggered by lots of CI jobs launching concurrently.
+                    # Note that not all Ubuntu versions support "mirror+file:..." URIs in APT sources, so just use Azure mirrors exclusively.
+                    # Note also that on recent Ubuntu versions DEB822 format is used for source files.
+                    APT_SOURCES=()
+                    if [ -d "/etc/apt/sources.list.d" ]
+                    then
+                        readarray -t APT_SOURCES < <(find "/etc/apt/sources.list.d" -type f -name '*.sources' -print)
+                    fi
+                    if [ -f "/etc/apt/sources.list" ]
+                    then
+                        APT_SOURCES+=("/etc/apt/sources.list")
+                    fi
+                    if [ "${#APT_SOURCES[@]}" -gt 0 ]
+                    then
+                        sed -i -E -e 's!([^ ]+) (http|https)://(archive|security)\.ubuntu\.com/ubuntu[^ ]*(.*)!\1 http://azure.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/\4!' "${APT_SOURCES[@]}"
+                    fi
+                    apt-get -o Acquire::Retries=$NET_RETRY_COUNT update
+                    if [ "$(apt-cache search "^python-is-python3$" | wc -l)" -ne 0 ]
+                    then
+                        PYTHON_PACKAGE="python-is-python3"
+                    else
+                        PYTHON_PACKAGE="python"
+                    fi
+                    apt-get -o Acquire::Retries=$NET_RETRY_COUNT install -y sudo software-properties-common tzdata wget curl apt-transport-https ca-certificates make build-essential g++ $PYTHON_PACKAGE python3 perl git cmake
+                fi
+            fi
+            git config --global pack.threads 0
+
+      - name: Install packages
+        if: matrix.install
+        run: |
+            declare -a SOURCE_KEYS SOURCES
+            if [ -n "${{join(matrix.source_keys, ' ')}}" ]
+            then
+                SOURCE_KEYS=("${{join(matrix.source_keys, '" "')}}")
+            fi
+            if [ -n "${{join(matrix.sources, ' ')}}" ]
+            then
+                SOURCES=("${{join(matrix.sources, '" "')}}")
+            fi
+            for key in "${SOURCE_KEYS[@]}"
+            do
+                for i in {1..$NET_RETRY_COUNT}
+                do
+                    echo "Adding key: $key"
+                    wget -O - "$key" | sudo apt-key add - && break || sleep 2
+                done
+            done
+            if [ ${#SOURCES[@]} -gt 0 ]
+            then
+                APT_ADD_REPO_COMMON_ARGS=("-y")
+                APT_ADD_REPO_SUPPORTED_ARGS="$(apt-add-repository --help | perl -ne 'if (/^\s*-n/) { print "n"; } elsif (/^\s*-P/) { print "P"; } elsif (/^\s*-S/) { print "S"; } elsif (/^\s*-U/) { print "U"; }')"
+                if [ -n "$APT_ADD_REPO_SUPPORTED_ARGS" -a -z "${APT_ADD_REPO_SUPPORTED_ARGS##*n*}" ]
+                then
+                    APT_ADD_REPO_COMMON_ARGS+=("-n")
+                fi
+                APT_ADD_REPO_HAS_SOURCE_ARGS="$([ -n "$APT_ADD_REPO_SUPPORTED_ARGS" -a -z "${APT_ADD_REPO_SUPPORTED_ARGS##*P*}" -a -z "${APT_ADD_REPO_SUPPORTED_ARGS##*S*}" -a -z "${APT_ADD_REPO_SUPPORTED_ARGS##*U*}" ] && echo 1 || echo 0)"
+                for source in "${SOURCES[@]}"
+                do
+                    for i in {1..$NET_RETRY_COUNT}
+                    do
+                        APT_ADD_REPO_ARGS=("${APT_ADD_REPO_COMMON_ARGS[@]}")
+                        if [ $APT_ADD_REPO_HAS_SOURCE_ARGS -ne 0 ]
+                        then
+                            case "$source" in
+                            "ppa:"*)
+                                APT_ADD_REPO_ARGS+=("-P")
+                                ;;
+                            "deb "*)
+                                APT_ADD_REPO_ARGS+=("-S")
+                                ;;
+                            *)
+                                APT_ADD_REPO_ARGS+=("-U")
+                                ;;
+                            esac
+                        fi
+                        APT_ADD_REPO_ARGS+=("$source")
+                        echo "apt-add-repository ${APT_ADD_REPO_ARGS[@]}"
+                        sudo -E apt-add-repository "${APT_ADD_REPO_ARGS[@]}" && break || sleep 2
+                    done
+                done
+            fi
+            sudo apt-get -o Acquire::Retries=$NET_RETRY_COUNT update
+            sudo apt-get -o Acquire::Retries=$NET_RETRY_COUNT install -y ${{join(matrix.install, ' ')}}
+
+      - name: Setup GCC Toolchain
+        if: matrix.gcc_toolchain
+        run: |
+            GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT="$HOME/gcc-toolchain"
+            echo "GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT=\"$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT\"" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            MULTIARCH_TRIPLET="$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_MULTIARCH)"
+            mkdir -p "$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT"
+            ln -s /usr/include "$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT/include"
+            ln -s /usr/bin "$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT/bin"
+            mkdir -p "$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT/lib/gcc/$MULTIARCH_TRIPLET"
+            ln -s "/usr/lib/gcc/$MULTIARCH_TRIPLET/${{matrix.gcc_toolchain}}" "$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT/lib/gcc/$MULTIARCH_TRIPLET/${{matrix.gcc_toolchain}}"
+
+      - name: Setup Boost
+        run: |
+            echo GITHUB_REPOSITORY: $GITHUB_REPOSITORY
+            LIBRARY=${GITHUB_REPOSITORY#*/}
+            echo LIBRARY: $LIBRARY
+            echo "LIBRARY=$LIBRARY" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo GITHUB_BASE_REF: $GITHUB_BASE_REF
+            echo GITHUB_REF: $GITHUB_REF
+            REF=${GITHUB_BASE_REF:-$GITHUB_REF}
+            REF=${REF#refs/heads/}
+            echo REF: $REF
+            BOOST_BRANCH=develop && [ "$REF" = "master" ] && BOOST_BRANCH=master || true
+            echo BOOST_BRANCH: $BOOST_BRANCH
+            BUILD_JOBS=$((nproc || sysctl -n hw.ncpu) 2> /dev/null)
+            echo "BUILD_JOBS=$BUILD_JOBS" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            echo "CMAKE_BUILD_PARALLEL_LEVEL=$BUILD_JOBS" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+            DEPINST_ARGS=()
+            GIT_VERSION="$(git --version | sed -e 's/git version //')"
+            GIT_HAS_JOBS=1
+            if [ -f "/etc/debian_version" ]
+            then
+                if $(dpkg --compare-versions "$GIT_VERSION" lt 2.8.0)
+                then
+                    GIT_HAS_JOBS=0
+                fi
+            else
+                declare -a GIT_VER=(${GIT_VERSION//./ })
+                declare -a GIT_MIN_VER=(2 8 0)
+                for ((i=0; i<${#GIT_VER[@]}; i++))
+                do
+                    if [ -z "${GIT_MIN_VER[i]}" ]
+                    then
+                        GIT_MIN_VER[i]=0
+                    fi
+                    if [ "${GIT_VER[i]}" -lt "${GIT_MIN_VER[i]}" ]
+                    then
+                        GIT_HAS_JOBS=0
+                        break
+                    fi
+                done
+            fi
+            if [ "$GIT_HAS_JOBS" -ne 0 ]
+            then
+                DEPINST_ARGS+=("--git_args" "--jobs $GIT_FETCH_JOBS")
+            fi
+            mkdir -p snapshot
+            cd snapshot
+            echo "Downloading library snapshot: https://github.com/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/archive/${GITHUB_SHA}.tar.gz"
+            curl -L --retry "$NET_RETRY_COUNT" -o "${LIBRARY}-${GITHUB_SHA}.tar.gz" "https://github.com/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/archive/${GITHUB_SHA}.tar.gz"
+            tar -xf "${LIBRARY}-${GITHUB_SHA}.tar.gz"
+            if [ ! -d "${LIBRARY}-${GITHUB_SHA}" ]
+            then
+                echo "Library snapshot does not contain the library directory ${LIBRARY}-${GITHUB_SHA}:"
+                ls -la
+                exit 1
+            fi
+            rm -f "${LIBRARY}-${GITHUB_SHA}.tar.gz"
+            cd ..
+            git clone -b "$BOOST_BRANCH" --depth 1 "https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git" "boost-root"
+            cd boost-root
+            mkdir -p libs
+            rm -rf "libs/$LIBRARY"
+            mv -f "../snapshot/${LIBRARY}-${GITHUB_SHA}" "libs/$LIBRARY"
+            rm -rf "../snapshot"
+            git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
+            DEPINST_ARGS+=("$LIBRARY")
+            python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py "${DEPINST_ARGS[@]}"
+            if [ -z "${{matrix.cmake_tests}}" ]
+            then
+                ./bootstrap.sh
+                ./b2 headers
+                if [ -n "${{matrix.compiler}}" -o -n "$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT" ]
+                then
+                    echo -n "using ${{matrix.toolset}} : : ${{matrix.compiler}}" > ~/user-config.jam
+                    if [ -n "$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT" ]
+                    then
+                        echo -n " : <compileflags>\"--gcc-toolchain=$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT\" <linkflags>\"--gcc-toolchain=$GCC_TOOLCHAIN_ROOT\"" >> ~/user-config.jam
+                    fi
+                    echo " ;" >> ~/user-config.jam
+                fi
+            fi
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        if: matrix.cmake_tests == ''
+        run: |
+            cd boost-root
+            B2_ARGS=("-j" "$BUILD_JOBS" "toolset=${{matrix.toolset}}" "cxxstd=${{matrix.cxxstd}}")
+            if [ -n "${{matrix.build_variant}}" ]
+            then
+                B2_ARGS+=("variant=${{matrix.build_variant}}")
+            else
+                B2_ARGS+=("variant=$DEFAULT_BUILD_VARIANT")
+            fi
+            if [ -n "${{matrix.threading}}" ]
+            then
+                B2_ARGS+=("threading=${{matrix.threading}}")
+            fi
+            if [ -n "${{matrix.ubsan}}" ]
+            then
+                export UBSAN_OPTIONS="print_stacktrace=1"
+                B2_ARGS+=("cxxflags=-fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=undefined" "linkflags=-fsanitize=undefined -fuse-ld=gold" "define=UBSAN=1" "debug-symbols=on" "visibility=global")
+            fi
+            if [ -n "${{matrix.cxxflags}}" ]
+            then
+                B2_ARGS+=("cxxflags=${{matrix.cxxflags}}")
+            fi
+            if [ -n "${{matrix.linkflags}}" ]
+            then
+                B2_ARGS+=("linkflags=${{matrix.linkflags}}")
+            fi
+            B2_ARGS+=("libs/$LIBRARY/test")
+            ./b2 "${B2_ARGS[@]}"
+
+  windows:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - toolset: msvc-14.3
+            cxxstd: "14,17,20,latest"
+            addrmd: 32,64
+            os: windows-2022
+          - toolset: clang-win
+            cxxstd: "14,17,latest"
+            addrmd: 32,64
+            os: windows-2022
+          - toolset: gcc
+            cxxstd: "11,14,17,20,23"
+            addrmd: 64
+            os: windows-2022
+
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Setup Boost
+        shell: cmd
+        run: |
+            echo GITHUB_REPOSITORY: %GITHUB_REPOSITORY%
+            for /f %%i in ("%GITHUB_REPOSITORY%") do set LIBRARY=%%~nxi
+            echo LIBRARY: %LIBRARY%
+            echo LIBRARY=%LIBRARY%>>%GITHUB_ENV%
+            echo GITHUB_BASE_REF: %GITHUB_BASE_REF%
+            echo GITHUB_REF: %GITHUB_REF%
+            if "%GITHUB_BASE_REF%" == "" set GITHUB_BASE_REF=%GITHUB_REF%
+            set BOOST_BRANCH=develop
+            for /f %%i in ("%GITHUB_BASE_REF%") do if "%%~nxi" == "master" set BOOST_BRANCH=master
+            echo BOOST_BRANCH: %BOOST_BRANCH%
+            mkdir snapshot
+            cd snapshot
+            echo Downloading library snapshot: https://github.com/%GITHUB_REPOSITORY%/archive/%GITHUB_SHA%.zip
+            curl -L --retry %NET_RETRY_COUNT% -o "%LIBRARY%-%GITHUB_SHA%.zip" "https://github.com/%GITHUB_REPOSITORY%/archive/%GITHUB_SHA%.zip"
+            tar -xf "%LIBRARY%-%GITHUB_SHA%.zip"
+            if not exist "%LIBRARY%-%GITHUB_SHA%\" (
+                echo Library snapshot does not contain the library directory %LIBRARY%-%GITHUB_SHA%:
+                dir
+                exit /b 1
+            )
+            del /f "%LIBRARY%-%GITHUB_SHA%.zip"
+            cd ..
+            git clone -b %BOOST_BRANCH% --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
+            cd boost-root
+            if not exist "libs\" mkdir libs
+            if exist "libs\%LIBRARY%\" rmdir /s /q "libs\%LIBRARY%"
+            move /Y "..\snapshot\%LIBRARY%-%GITHUB_SHA%" "libs\%LIBRARY%"
+            rmdir /s /q "..\snapshot"
+            git submodule update --init tools/boostdep
+            python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py --git_args "--jobs %GIT_FETCH_JOBS%" %LIBRARY%
+            cmd /c bootstrap
+            b2 -d0 headers
+
+      - name: Run tests
+        shell: cmd
+        run: |
+            cd boost-root
+            if not "${{matrix.cxxstd}}" == "" set CXXSTD=cxxstd=${{matrix.cxxstd}}
+            if not "${{matrix.addrmd}}" == "" set ADDRMD=address-model=${{matrix.addrmd}}
+            if not "${{matrix.build_variant}}" == "" (set BUILD_VARIANT=variant=${{matrix.build_variant}}) else (set BUILD_VARIANT=variant=%DEFAULT_BUILD_VARIANT%)
+            b2 -j %NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS% libs/%LIBRARY%/test toolset=${{matrix.toolset}} %CXXSTD% %ADDRMD% %BUILD_VARIANT% embed-manifest-via=linker

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+# Copyright 2018 Peter Dimov
+# Copyright 2018 Andrey Semashev
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+# See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt
+
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5...3.20)
+
+project(boost_integer VERSION "${BOOST_SUPERPROJECT_VERSION}" LANGUAGES CXX)
+
+add_library(boost_integer INTERFACE)
+add_library(Boost::integer ALIAS boost_integer)
+
+target_include_directories(boost_integer INTERFACE include)
+
+target_link_libraries(boost_integer
+    INTERFACE
+        Boost::assert
+        Boost::config
+        Boost::core
+        Boost::static_assert
+        Boost::throw_exception
+        Boost::type_traits
+)

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# Boost.Integer
+
+Boost.Integer, part of collection of the [Boost C++ Libraries](https://github.com/boostorg), provides
+integer type support, particularly helpful in generic programming. It provides the means to select
+an integer type based upon its properties, like the number of bits or the maximum supported value,
+as well as compile-time bit mask selection. There is a derivative of `std::numeric_limits` that provides
+integral constant expressions for `min` and `max`...
+Finally, it provides two compile-time algorithms: determining the highest power of two in a
+compile-time value; and computing min and max of constant expressions.
+
+### Directories
+
+* **doc** - QuickBook documentation sources
+* **include** - Interface headers of Boost.Integer
+* **test** - Boost.Integer unit tests
+
+### More information
+
+* [Documentation](https://boost.org/libs/integer)
+* [Report bugs](https://github.com/boostorg/integer/issues/new). Be sure to mention Boost version, platform and compiler you're using. A small compilable code sample to reproduce the problem is always good as well.
+* Submit your patches as pull requests against **develop** branch. Note that by submitting patches you agree to license your modifications under the [Boost Software License, Version 1.0](https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
+
+### Build status
+
+Branch          | GitHub Actions | Drone | AppVeyor | Test Matrix | Dependencies |
+:-------------: | -------------- | ----- | -------- | ----------- | ------------ |
+[`master`](https://github.com/boostorg/integer/tree/master) | [![GitHub Actions](https://github.com/boostorg/integer/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://github.com/boostorg/integer/actions?query=branch%3Amaster) | [![Drone](https://drone.cpp.al/api/badges/boostorg/integer/status.svg?ref=refs/heads/master)](https://drone.cpp.al/boostorg/integer) | [![AppVeyor](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/iugyf5rf51n99g3w/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/Lastique/integer/branch/master) | [![Tests](https://img.shields.io/badge/matrix-master-brightgreen.svg)](http://www.boost.org/development/tests/master/developer/integer.html) | [![Dependencies](https://img.shields.io/badge/deps-master-brightgreen.svg)](https://pdimov.github.io/boostdep-report/master/integer.html)
+[`develop`](https://github.com/boostorg/integer/tree/develop) | [![GitHub Actions](https://github.com/boostorg/integer/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=develop)](https://github.com/boostorg/integer/actions?query=branch%3Adevelop) | [![Drone](https://drone.cpp.al/api/badges/boostorg/integer/status.svg?ref=refs/heads/develop)](https://drone.cpp.al/boostorg/integer) | [![AppVeyor](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/iugyf5rf51n99g3w/branch/develop?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/Lastique/integer/branch/develop) | [![Tests](https://img.shields.io/badge/matrix-develop-brightgreen.svg)](http://www.boost.org/development/tests/develop/developer/integer.html) | [![Dependencies](https://img.shields.io/badge/deps-develop-brightgreen.svg)](https://pdimov.github.io/boostdep-report/develop/integer.html)
+
+### License
+
+Distributed under the [Boost Software License, Version 1.0](https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).

appveyor.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Copyright 2019 Andrey Semashev
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+# (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+version: 1.0.{build}-{branch}
+
+shallow_clone: true
+
+branches:
+  only:
+    - master
+    - develop
+    - /feature\/.*/
+
+environment:
+  matrix:
+    - TOOLSET: msvc-14.0
+      CXXSTD: 14,latest
+      ADDRMD: 32,64
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
+    - TOOLSET: msvc-14.1
+      CXXSTD: 14,17,latest
+      ADDRMD: 32,64
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
+    - TOOLSET: msvc-14.2
+      ADDRMD: 32,64
+      CXXSTD: 14,17,20,latest
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2019
+    - TOOLSET: msvc-14.3
+      ADDRMD: 32,64
+      CXXSTD: 14,17,20,latest
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2022
+    - TOOLSET: clang-win
+      ADDRMD: 32,64
+      CXXSTD: 14,17,latest
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
+    - TOOLSET: gcc
+      CXXSTD: 11,14,1z
+      ADDPATH: C:\cygwin\bin;
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
+    - TOOLSET: gcc
+      CXXSTD: 11,14,1z
+      ADDPATH: C:\cygwin64\bin;
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
+    - TOOLSET: gcc
+      CXXSTD: 11,14,1z
+      ADDPATH: C:\mingw-w64\x86_64-6.3.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev1\mingw64\bin;
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
+    - TOOLSET: gcc
+      CXXSTD: 11,14,1z
+      ADDPATH: C:\mingw-w64\x86_64-7.3.0-posix-seh-rt_v5-rev0\mingw64\bin;
+      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2015
+
+install:
+  - set GIT_FETCH_JOBS=8
+  - set BOOST_BRANCH=develop
+  - if "%APPVEYOR_REPO_BRANCH%" == "master" set BOOST_BRANCH=master
+  - cd ..
+  - git clone -b %BOOST_BRANCH% --depth 1 https://github.com/boostorg/boost.git boost-root
+  - cd boost-root
+  - git submodule init tools/build
+  - git submodule init tools/boostdep
+  - git submodule init tools/boost_install
+  - git submodule init libs/headers
+  - git submodule init libs/config
+  - git submodule update --jobs %GIT_FETCH_JOBS%
+  - xcopy /s /e /q %APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER% libs\integer
+  - python tools/boostdep/depinst/depinst.py --git_args "--jobs %GIT_FETCH_JOBS%" integer
+  - cmd /c bootstrap
+  - b2 -d0 headers
+
+build: off
+
+test_script:
+  - PATH=%ADDPATH%%PATH%
+  - if not "%CXXSTD%" == "" set CXXSTD=cxxstd=%CXXSTD%
+  - if not "%ADDRMD%" == "" set ADDRMD=address-model=%ADDRMD%
+  - b2 -j %NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS% libs/integer/test toolset=%TOOLSET% %CXXSTD% %ADDRMD%

build.jam

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Copyright René Ferdinand Rivera Morell 2023-2024
+# Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+# (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+# http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+require-b2 5.2 ;
+
+constant boost_dependencies :
+    /boost/assert//boost_assert
+    /boost/config//boost_config
+    /boost/core//boost_core
+    /boost/static_assert//boost_static_assert
+    /boost/throw_exception//boost_throw_exception
+    /boost/type_traits//boost_type_traits ;
+
+project /boost/integer
+    : common-requirements
+        <include>include
+    ;
+
+explicit
+    [ alias boost_integer : : : : <library>$(boost_dependencies) ]
+    [ alias all : boost_integer test ]
+    ;
+
+call-if : boost-library integer
+    ;
+

cstdint.htm

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-<html>
-
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
-<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 4.0">
-<meta name="ProgId" content="FrontPage.Editor.Document">
-<title>Header boost/cstdint.hpp</title>
-</head>
-
-<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
-
-<h1><img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)" align="center" width="277" height="86">Header
-boost/cstdint.hpp&nbsp;</h1>
-<p>The header <code><a href="../../boost/cstdint.hpp">&lt;boost/cstdint.hpp&gt;</a></code>
-provides the typedef's useful for
-writing portable code that requires certain integer widths.  All typedef's are in namespace boost.</p>
-<p>The specifications are based on the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 C Language standard
-header &lt;stdint.h&gt;.&nbsp; The 64-bit types required by the C standard are not
-required in the boost header, and may not be supplied in all implementations,
-because <code>long long</code> is not [yet] included in the C++ standard.</p>
-<p>See <a href="cstdint_test.cpp">cstdint_test.cpp</a> for a test program.</p>
-<h2>Exact-width integer types</h2>
-<p>The typedef <code>int#_t</code>, with # replaced by the width, designates a
-signed integer type of exactly # bits; <code>int8_t</code> denotes an 8-bit
-signed integer type.&nbsp; Similarly, the typedef <code>uint#_t</code>
-designates and unsigned integer type of exactly # bits.</p>
-<p>These types are optional. However, if an implementation provides integer
-types with widths of 8, 16, 32, or 64 bits, it shall define the corresponding
-typedef names.</p>
-<h2>Minimum-width integer types</h2>
-<p>The typedef <code>int_least#_t</code>, with # replaced by the width,&nbsp;
-designates a signed integer type with a width of at least # bits, such that no
-signed integer type with lesser size has at least the specified width. Thus, <code>int_least32_t</code>
-denotes a signed integer type with a width of at least 32 bits. Similarly, the
-typedef name <code>uint_least#_t</code> designates an unsigned integer type with
-a width of at least # bits, such that no unsigned integer type with lesser size
-has at least the specified width.</p>
-<p>Required minimum-width integer types:</p>
-<ul>
-  <li><code>int_least8_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>int_least16_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>int_least32_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>uint_least8_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>uint_least16_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>uint_least32_t</code></li>
-</ul>
-<p>All other minimum-width integer types are optional.</p>
-<h2>Fastest minimum-width integer types</h2>
-<p>The typedef <code>int_fast#_t</code>, with # replaced by the width,
-designates the fastest signed integer type with a width of at least # bits.
-Similarly, the typedef name <code>uint_fast#_t</code> designates the fastest
-unsigned integer type with a width of at least # bits.</p>
-<p>There is no guarantee that these types are fastest for all purposes.&nbsp; In
-any case, however, they satisfy&nbsp; the signedness and width requirements.</p>
-<p>Required fastest minimum-width integer types:</p>
-<ul>
-  <li><code>int_fast8_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>int_fast16_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>int_fast32_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>uint_fast8_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>uint_fast16_t</code></li>
-  <li><code>uint_fast32_t</code></li>
-</ul>
-<p>All other fastest minimum-width integer types are optional.</p>
-<h2>Greatest-width integer types</h2>
-<p>The typedef <code>intmax_t </code>designates a signed integer type capable of
-representing any value of any signed integer type.</p>
-<p>The typedef <code>uintmax_t</code> designates an unsigned integer type
-capable of representing any value of any unsigned integer type.</p>
-<p>These types are required.</p>
-<hr>
-<p>Revised <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" s-type="EDITED" s-format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->19 Aug 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14767" -->
-</p>
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-
-</body>
-
-</html>

cstdint_test.cpp

@@ -1,217 +0,0 @@
-//  boost cstdint.hpp test program  ------------------------------------------//
-
-//  (C) Copyright Beman Dawes 2000. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell
-//  and distribute this software is granted provided this copyright
-//  notice appears in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without
-//  express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
-//  any purpose.
-
-//  See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
-
-//  Revision History
-//   11 Sep 01  Adapted to work with macros defined in native stdint.h (John Maddock)
-//   12 Nov 00  Adapted to merged <boost/cstdint.hpp>
-//   23 Sep 00  Added INTXX_C constant macro support + int64_t support (John Maddock).
-//   28 Jun 00  Initial version
-#include <cassert>
-#include <iostream>
-#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
-#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
-
-#ifdef NDEBUG
-#error This test makes no sense with NDEBUG defined
-#endif
-
-#ifndef BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION
-//
-// the following class is designed to verify
-// that the various INTXX_C macros can be used
-// in integral constant expressions:
-//
-struct integral_constant_checker
-{
-  static const boost::int8_t          int8          = INT8_C(-127);
-  static const boost::int_least8_t    int_least8    = INT8_C(-127);
-  static const boost::int_fast8_t     int_fast8     = INT8_C(-127);
-
-  static const boost::uint8_t         uint8         = UINT8_C(255);
-  static const boost::uint_least8_t   uint_least8   = UINT8_C(255);
-  static const boost::uint_fast8_t    uint_fast8    = UINT8_C(255);
-
-  static const boost::int16_t         int16         = INT16_C(-32767);
-  static const boost::int_least16_t   int_least16   = INT16_C(-32767);
-  static const boost::int_fast16_t    int_fast16    = INT16_C(-32767);
-
-  static const boost::uint16_t        uint16         = UINT16_C(65535);
-  static const boost::uint_least16_t  uint_least16   = UINT16_C(65535);
-  static const boost::uint_fast16_t   uint_fast16    = UINT16_C(65535);
-
-  static const boost::int32_t         int32         = INT32_C(-2147483647);
-  static const boost::int_least32_t   int_least32   = INT32_C(-2147483647);
-  static const boost::int_fast32_t    int_fast32    = INT32_C(-2147483647);
-
-  static const boost::uint32_t        uint32        = UINT32_C(4294967295);
-  static const boost::uint_least32_t  uint_least32  = UINT32_C(4294967295);
-  static const boost::uint_fast32_t   uint_fast32   = UINT32_C(4294967295);
-
-  static void check();
-};
-
-void integral_constant_checker::check()
-{
-  assert( int8 == -127 );
-  assert( int_least8 == -127 );
-  assert( int_fast8 == -127 );
-  assert( uint8 == 255u );
-  assert( uint_least8 == 255u );
-  assert( uint_fast8 == 255u );
-  assert( int16 == -32767 );
-  assert( int_least16 == -32767 );
-  assert( int_fast16 == -32767 );
-  assert( uint16 == 65535u );
-  assert( uint_least16 == 65535u );
-  assert( uint_fast16 == 65535u );
-  assert( int32 == -2147483647 );
-  assert( int_least32 == -2147483647 );
-  assert( int_fast32 == -2147483647 );
-  assert( uint32 == 4294967295u );
-  assert( uint_least32 == 4294967295u );
-  assert( uint_fast32 == 4294967295u );
-}
-#endif // BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION
-
-//
-// the following function simply verifies that the type
-// of an integral constant is correctly defined:
-//
-#ifdef __BORLANDC__
-#pragma option -w-8008
-#pragma option -w-8066
-#endif
-template <class T1, class T2>
-void integral_constant_type_check(T1, T2)
-{
-   //
-   // the types T1 and T2 may not be exactly
-   // the same type, but they should be the
-   // same size and signedness. We could use
-   // numeric_limits to verify this, but
-   // numeric_limits implementations currently
-   // vary too much, or are incomplete or missing.
-   //
-   T1 t1 = -1;
-   T2 t2 = -1;
-#if defined(BOOST_HAS_STDINT_H)
-   // if we have a native stdint.h
-   // then the INTXX_C macros may define
-   // a type that's wider than required:
-   assert(sizeof(T1) <= sizeof(T2));
-#else
-   assert(sizeof(T1) == sizeof(T2));
-   assert(t1 == t2);
-#endif
-   if(t1 >= 0)
-     assert(t2 >= 0);
-   else
-     assert(t2 < 0);
-}
-
-
-int main()
-{
-#ifndef BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION
-  integral_constant_checker::check();
-#endif
-  //
-  // verify the types of the integral constants:
-  //
-  integral_constant_type_check(boost::int8_t(0), INT8_C(0));
-  integral_constant_type_check(boost::uint8_t(0), UINT8_C(0));
-  integral_constant_type_check(boost::int16_t(0), INT16_C(0));
-  integral_constant_type_check(boost::uint16_t(0), UINT16_C(0));
-  integral_constant_type_check(boost::int32_t(0), INT32_C(0));
-  integral_constant_type_check(boost::uint32_t(0), UINT32_C(0));
-#ifndef BOOST_NO_INT64_T
-  integral_constant_type_check(boost::int64_t(0), INT64_C(0));
-  integral_constant_type_check(boost::uint64_t(0), UINT64_C(0));
-#endif
-  //
-  boost::int8_t          int8          = INT8_C(-127);
-  boost::int_least8_t    int_least8    = INT8_C(-127);
-  boost::int_fast8_t     int_fast8     = INT8_C(-127);
-
-  boost::uint8_t         uint8         = UINT8_C(255);
-  boost::uint_least8_t   uint_least8   = UINT8_C(255);
-  boost::uint_fast8_t    uint_fast8    = UINT8_C(255);
-
-  boost::int16_t         int16         = INT16_C(-32767);
-  boost::int_least16_t   int_least16   = INT16_C(-32767);
-  boost::int_fast16_t    int_fast16    = INT16_C(-32767);
-
-  boost::uint16_t        uint16         = UINT16_C(65535);
-  boost::uint_least16_t  uint_least16   = UINT16_C(65535);
-  boost::uint_fast16_t   uint_fast16    = UINT16_C(65535);
-
-  boost::int32_t         int32         = INT32_C(-2147483647);
-  boost::int_least32_t   int_least32   = INT32_C(-2147483647);
-  boost::int_fast32_t    int_fast32    = INT32_C(-2147483647);
-
-  boost::uint32_t        uint32        = UINT32_C(4294967295);
-  boost::uint_least32_t  uint_least32  = UINT32_C(4294967295);
-  boost::uint_fast32_t   uint_fast32   = UINT32_C(4294967295);
-
-#ifndef BOOST_NO_INT64_T
-  boost::int64_t         int64         = INT64_C(-9223372036854775807);
-  boost::int_least64_t   int_least64   = INT64_C(-9223372036854775807);
-  boost::int_fast64_t    int_fast64    = INT64_C(-9223372036854775807);
-
-  boost::uint64_t        uint64        = UINT64_C(18446744073709551615);
-  boost::uint_least64_t  uint_least64  = UINT64_C(18446744073709551615);
-  boost::uint_fast64_t   uint_fast64   = UINT64_C(18446744073709551615);
-
-  boost::intmax_t        intmax        = INTMAX_C(-9223372036854775807);
-  boost::uintmax_t       uintmax       = UINTMAX_C(18446744073709551615);
-#else
-  boost::intmax_t        intmax        = INTMAX_C(-2147483647);
-  boost::uintmax_t       uintmax       = UINTMAX_C(4294967295);
-#endif
-
-  assert( int8 == -127 );
-  assert( int_least8 == -127 );
-  assert( int_fast8 == -127 );
-  assert( uint8 == 255u );
-  assert( uint_least8 == 255u );
-  assert( uint_fast8 == 255u );
-  assert( int16 == -32767 );
-  assert( int_least16 == -32767 );
-  assert( int_fast16 == -32767 );
-  assert( uint16 == 65535u );
-  assert( uint_least16 == 65535u );
-  assert( uint_fast16 == 65535u );
-  assert( int32 == -2147483647 );
-  assert( int_least32 == -2147483647 );
-  assert( int_fast32 == -2147483647 );
-  assert( uint32 == 4294967295u );
-  assert( uint_least32 == 4294967295u );
-  assert( uint_fast32 == 4294967295u );
-
-#ifndef BOOST_NO_INT64_T
-  assert( int64 == INT64_C(-9223372036854775807) );
-  assert( int_least64 == INT64_C(-9223372036854775807) );
-  assert( int_fast64 == INT64_C(-9223372036854775807) );
-  assert( uint64 == UINT64_C(18446744073709551615) );
-  assert( uint_least64 == UINT64_C(18446744073709551615) );
-  assert( uint_fast64 == UINT64_C(18446744073709551615) );
-  assert( intmax == INT64_C(-9223372036854775807) );
-  assert( uintmax == UINT64_C(18446744073709551615) );
-#else
-  assert( intmax == -2147483647 );
-  assert( uintmax == 4294967295u );
-#endif
-
-
-  std::cout << "OK\n";
-  return 0;
-}
-
-

doc/Jamfile.v2

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+
+
+# Copyright John Maddock 2005. Use, modification, and distribution are
+# subject to the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
+# file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+using quickbook ;
+
+xml integer : integer.qbk ;
+boostbook standalone
+    :
+        integer
+    :
+        # HTML options first:
+        # Use graphics not text for navigation:
+        <xsl:param>navig.graphics=1
+        # How far down we chunk nested sections, basically all of them:
+        <xsl:param>chunk.section.depth=1
+        # Don't put the first section on the same page as the TOC:
+        <xsl:param>chunk.first.sections=0
+        # How far down sections get TOC's
+        <xsl:param>toc.section.depth=1
+        # Max depth in each TOC:
+        <xsl:param>toc.max.depth=1
+        # How far down we go with TOC's
+        <xsl:param>generate.section.toc.level=4
+        # Path for links to Boost:
+        <xsl:param>"boost.root=../../../.."
+
+        # PDF Options:
+        # TOC Generation: this is needed for FOP-0.9 and later:
+        <xsl:param>fop1.extensions=0
+        # Or enable this if you're using XEP:
+        <xsl:param>xep.extensions=1
+        # TOC generation: this is needed for FOP 0.2, but must not be set to zero for FOP-0.9!
+        <xsl:param>fop.extensions=0
+        # No indent on body text:
+        <xsl:param>body.start.indent=0pt
+        # Margin size:
+        <xsl:param>page.margin.inner=0.5in
+        # Margin size:
+        <xsl:param>page.margin.outer=0.5in
+        # Yes, we want graphics for admonishments:
+        <xsl:param>admon.graphics=1
+        # Set this one for PDF generation *only*:
+        # default pnd graphics are awful in PDF form,
+        # better use SVG's instead:
+        <format>pdf:<xsl:param>admon.graphics.extension=".svg"
+        <format>pdf:<xsl:param>"admon.graphics.path=$(boost-images)/"
+        <format>pdf:<xsl:param>"boost.url.prefix=https://www.boost.org/doc/libs/release/libs/integer/doc/html"
+    ;
+
+install pdfinstall : standalone/<format>pdf : <location>. <install-type>PDF ;
+explicit pdfinstall ;
+
+###############################################################################
+alias boostdoc ;
+explicit boostdoc ;
+alias boostrelease : standalone ;
+explicit boostrelease ;

doc/gcd/math-gcd.qbk

@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+
+[section:gcd_lcm Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple]
+
+[section Introduction]
+
+The class and function templates in <boost/math/common_factor.hpp>
+provide run-time and compile-time evaluation of the greatest common divisor
+(GCD) or least common multiple (LCM) of two integers.
+These facilities are useful for many numeric-oriented generic
+programming problems.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Synopsis]
+
+   namespace boost
+   {
+   namespace integer
+   {
+
+   template < typename IntegerType >
+      class gcd_evaluator;
+   template < typename IntegerType >
+      class lcm_evaluator;
+
+   template < typename IntegerType >
+      constexpr IntegerType  gcd( IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b );
+   template < typename IntegerType >
+      constexpr IntegerType  lcm( IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b );
+   template < typename IntegerType, typename... Args >
+      constexpr IntegerType  gcd( IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b, Args const&... );
+   template < typename IntegerType, typename... Args >
+      constexpr IntegerType  lcm( IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b, Args const&... );
+
+   template <typename I>
+   std::pair<typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type, I>
+      gcd_range(I first, I last);
+   template <typename I>
+   std::pair<typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type, I>
+      lcm_range(I first, I last);
+
+   typedef ``['see-below]`` static_gcd_type;
+
+   template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 >
+      struct static_gcd;
+   template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 >
+      struct static_lcm;
+
+   }
+   }
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section GCD Function Object]
+
+[*Header: ] [@../../../../boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp <boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp>]
+
+   template < typename IntegerType >
+   class boost::integer::gcd_evaluator
+   {
+   public:
+      // Types
+      typedef IntegerType  result_type;
+      typedef IntegerType  first_argument_type;
+      typedef IntegerType  second_argument_type;
+
+      // Function object interface
+      constexpr result_type  operator ()(
+	     first_argument_type const &a,
+         second_argument_type const &b ) const;
+   };
+
+The boost::integer::gcd_evaluator class template defines a function object
+class to return the greatest common divisor of two integers.
+The template is parameterized by a single type, called IntegerType here.
+This type should be a numeric type that represents integers.
+The result of the function object is always nonnegative, even if either of
+the operator arguments is negative.
+
+This function object class template is used in the corresponding version of
+the GCD function template. If a numeric type wants to customize evaluations
+of its greatest common divisors, then the type should specialize on the
+gcd_evaluator class template.
+
+Note that these function objects are `constexpr` in C++14 and later only.
+They are also declared `noexcept` when appropriate.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section LCM Function Object]
+
+[*Header: ] [@../../../../boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp <boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp>]
+
+   template < typename IntegerType >
+   class boost::integer::lcm_evaluator
+   {
+   public:
+      // Types
+      typedef IntegerType  result_type;
+      typedef IntegerType  first_argument_type;
+      typedef IntegerType  second_argument_type;
+
+      // Function object interface
+      constexpr result_type  operator ()(
+		first_argument_type const &a,
+		second_argument_type const &b ) const;
+   };
+
+The boost::integer::lcm_evaluator class template defines a function object
+class to return the least common multiple of two integers. The template
+is parameterized by a single type, called IntegerType here. This type
+should be a numeric type that represents integers. The result of the
+function object is always nonnegative, even if either of the operator
+arguments is negative. If the least common multiple is beyond the range
+of the integer type, the results are undefined.
+
+This function object class template is used in the corresponding version
+of the LCM function template. If a numeric type wants to customize
+evaluations of its least common multiples, then the type should
+specialize on the lcm_evaluator class template.
+
+Note that these function objects are constexpr in C++14 and later only.
+They are also declared `noexcept` when appropriate.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:run_time Run-time GCD & LCM Determination]
+
+[*Header: ] [@../../../../boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp <boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp>]
+
+   template < typename IntegerType >
+   constexpr IntegerType  boost::integer::gcd( IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b );
+
+   template < typename IntegerType >
+   constexpr IntegerType  boost::integer::lcm( IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b );
+
+   template < typename IntegerType, typename... Args >
+      constexpr IntegerType  gcd( IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b, Args const&... );
+
+   template < typename IntegerType, typename... Args >
+      constexpr IntegerType  lcm( IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b, Args const&... );
+
+   template <typename I>
+   std::pair<typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type, I>
+      gcd_range(I first, I last);
+
+   template <typename I>
+   std::pair<typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type, I>
+      lcm_range(I first, I last);
+
+The boost::integer::gcd function template returns the greatest common
+(nonnegative) divisor of the two integers passed to it.
+`boost::integer::gcd_range` is the iteration of the above gcd algorithm over a
+range, returning the greatest common divisor of all the elements. The algorithm
+terminates when the gcd reaches unity or the end of the range. Thus it also
+returns the iterator after the last element inspected because this may not be
+equal to the end of the range.  The variadic version of `gcd` behaves similarly
+but does not indicate which input value caused the gcd to reach unity.
+
+The boost::integer::lcm function template returns the least common
+(nonnegative) multiple of the two integers passed to it.
+As with gcd, there are range and variadic versions of the function for
+more than 2 arguments.
+
+Note that these functions are constexpr in C++14 and later only.
+They are also declared `noexcept` when appropriate.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:compile_time Compile time GCD and LCM determination]
+
+[note These functions are deprecated in favor of constexpr `gcd` and `lcm` on C++14 capable compilers.]
+
+[*Header: ] [@../../../../boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp <boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp>]
+
+   typedef ``['unspecified]`` static_gcd_type;
+
+   template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 >
+   struct boost::integer::static_gcd : public mpl::integral_c<static_gcd_type, implementation_defined>
+   {
+   };
+
+   template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 >
+   struct boost::integer::static_lcm : public mpl::integral_c<static_gcd_type, implementation_defined>
+   {
+   };
+
+The type `static_gcd_type` is the widest unsigned-integer-type that is supported
+for use in integral-constant-expressions by the compiler.  Usually this
+the same type as `boost::uintmax_t`, but may fall back to being `unsigned long`
+for some older compilers.
+
+The boost::integer::static_gcd and boost::integer::static_lcm class templates
+take two value-based template parameters of the ['static_gcd_type] type
+and inherit from the type `boost::mpl::integral_c`.
+Inherited from the base class, they have a member /value/
+that is the greatest common factor or least
+common multiple, respectively, of the template arguments.
+A compile-time error will occur if the least common multiple
+is beyond the range of `static_gcd_type`.
+
+[h3 Example]
+
+   #include <boost/integer/common_factor.hpp>
+   #include <algorithm>
+   #include <iterator>
+   #include <iostream>
+
+   int main()
+   {
+      using std::cout;
+      using std::endl;
+
+      cout << "The GCD and LCM of 6 and 15 are "
+      << boost::integer::gcd(6, 15) << " and "
+      << boost::integer::lcm(6, 15) << ", respectively."
+      << endl;
+
+      cout << "The GCD and LCM of 8 and 9 are "
+      << boost::integer::static_gcd<8, 9>::value
+      << " and "
+      << boost::integer::static_lcm<8, 9>::value
+      << ", respectively." << endl;
+
+      int  a[] = { 4, 5, 6 }, b[] = { 7, 8, 9 }, c[3];
+      std::transform( a, a + 3, b, c, boost::integer::gcd_evaluator<int>() );
+      std::copy( c, c + 3, std::ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " ") );
+   }
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:gcd_header Header <boost/integer/common_factor.hpp>]
+
+This header simply includes the headers
+[@../../../../boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp <boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp>]
+and [@../../../../boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp <boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp>].
+
+Note this is a legacy header: it used to contain the actual implementation,
+but the compile-time and run-time facilities
+were moved to separate headers (since they were independent of each other).
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:demo Demonstration Program]
+
+The program [@../../../../libs/integer/test/common_factor_test.cpp common_factor_test.cpp] is a demonstration of the results from
+instantiating various examples of the run-time GCD and LCM function
+templates and the compile-time GCD and LCM class templates.
+(The run-time GCD and LCM class templates are tested indirectly through
+the run-time function templates.)
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Rationale]
+
+The greatest common divisor and least common multiple functions are
+greatly used in some numeric contexts, including some of the other
+Boost libraries. Centralizing these functions to one header improves
+code factoring and eases maintenance.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:gcd_history History]
+
+* 24th April 2017 Moved to Jeremy Murphy's improved algorithms, added constexpr and noexcept support,
+added compiler intrinsic support, added variadic and range based versions of the algorithms.
+* 13 May 2013 Moved into main Boost.Math Quickbook documentation.
+* 17 Dec 2005: Converted documentation to Quickbook Format.
+* 2 Jul 2002: Compile-time and run-time items separated to new headers.
+* 7 Nov 2001: Initial version
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:gcd_credits Credits]
+
+The author of the Boost compilation of GCD and LCM computations is
+Daryle Walker. The code was prompted by existing code hiding in the
+implementations of Paul Moore's rational library and Steve Cleary's
+pool library. The code had updates by Helmut Zeisel.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[endsect]
+
+[/
+Copyright 2005, 2013 Daryle Walker.
+Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+(See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
+]

doc/integer.qbk

@@ -0,0 +1,724 @@
+[article Boost.Integer
+    [quickbook 1.6]
+    [compatibility-mode 1.5]
+    [copyright 2001-2009 Beman Dawes, Daryle Walker, Gennaro Prota, John Maddock]
+    [license
+        Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+        (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+        [@https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt])
+    ]
+    [authors [Dawes, Beman], [Walker, Daryle], [Prota, Gennaro], [Maddock, John]]
+    [/last-revision $Date: 2008-02-21 12:58:15 +0000 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) $]
+]
+
+[template super[x]'''<superscript>'''[x]'''</superscript>''']
+
+[section:overview Overview]
+
+Boost.Integer provides integer type support, particularly helpful in generic programming.
+It provides the means to select an integer type based upon its properties, like the number of bits or
+the maximum supported value, as well as compile-time bit mask selection.  There is a derivative of
+std::numeric_limits that provides integral constant expressions for `min` and `max`.
+Finally, it provides two compile-time algorithms: determining the highest power of two in a
+compile-time value; and computing min and max of constant expressions.
+
+[table
+   [[Component][Header][Purpose]]
+   [
+      [Forward Declarations.]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer_fwd.hpp <boost/integer_fwd.hpp>]]]
+      [Forward declarations of classes and class templates - for use when just the name of a class is needed.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[link boost_integer.traits Integer Traits].]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer_traits.hpp <boost/integer_traits.hpp>]]]
+      [Class template [^boost::integer_traits], derives from [^std::numeric_limits] and adds [^const_min] and [^const_max] members.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[link boost_integer.integer Integer Type Selection].]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer.hpp <boost/integer.hpp>]]]
+      [Templates for integer type selection based on properties such as maximum value or number of bits:
+      Use to select the type of an integer when some property such as maximum value or number of bits is known.
+      Useful for generic programming. ]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[link boost_integer.gcd_lcm Greatest Common Divisor and Least Common Multiple].]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp <boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp>]] and [^[@../../../../boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp <boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp>]]]
+      [Functions `gcd` and `lcm` plus function objects and compile time versions.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[link boost_integer.mask Integer Masks].]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp <boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp>]]]
+      [Templates for the selection of integer masks, single or lowest group, based on the number of bits:
+      Use to select a particular mask when the bit position(s) are based on a compile-time variable. Useful for generic programming. ]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[link boost_integer.log2 Compile time log2 Calculation].]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer/static_log2.hpp <boost/integer/static_log2.hpp>]]]
+      [Template for finding the highest power of two in a number:
+      Use to find the bit-size/range based on a maximum value. Useful for generic programming. ]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[link boost_integer.minmax Compile time min/max calculation].]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp <boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp>]]]
+      [Templates for finding the extrema of two numbers:
+      Use to find a bound based on a minimum or maximum value. Useful for generic programming. ]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[link boost_integer.extended_euclidean Extended Euclidean algorithm].]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer/extended_euclidean.hpp <boost/integer/extended_euclidean.hpp>]]]
+      [Solves /mx + ny = gcd(x,y)/ for /x/ and /y/.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[link boost_integer.mod_inverse Modular multiplicative inverse].]
+      [[^[@../../../../boost/integer/mod_inverse.hpp <boost/integer/mod_inverse.hpp>]]]
+      [Given /a/ and /m/, solves /ax/ = 1 mod /m/ for /x/.]
+   ]
+
+
+]
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:traits Integer Traits]
+
+[section Motivation]
+
+The C++ Standard Library <limits> header supplies a class template `numeric_limits<>` with specializations for each fundamental type.
+
+For integer types, the interesting members of `std::numeric_limits<>` are:
+
+   static const bool is_specialized;      // Will be true for integer types.
+   static T min() throw();                // Smallest representable value.
+   static T max() throw();                // Largest representable value.
+   static const int digits;               // For integers, the number of value bits.
+   static const int digits10;             // The number of base 10 digits that can be represented.
+   static const bool is_signed;           // True if the type is signed.
+   static const bool is_integer;          // Will be true for all integer types.
+
+For many uses, these are sufficient.
+But min() and max() are problematical because they are not constant expressions (std::5.19),
+yet some usages require constant expressions.
+
+The template class [^integer_traits] addresses this problem.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Synopsis]
+
+   namespace boost {
+     template<class T>
+     class integer_traits : public std::numeric_limits<T>
+     {
+     public:
+        static const bool is_integral = false;
+        //
+        // These members are defined only if T is a built-in
+        // integal type:
+        //
+        static const T const_min = ``['implementation-defined]``;
+        static const T const_max = ``['implementation-defined]``;
+     };
+   }
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Description]
+
+Template class [^integer_traits] is derived from [^std::numeric_limits]. The primary specialization adds the single
+[^bool] member [^is_integral] with the compile-time constant value [^false].
+However, for all integral types [^T] (std::3.9.1/7 [basic.fundamental]), there are specializations
+provided with the following compile-time constants defined:
+
+[table
+   [[member][type][value]]
+   [[[^is_integral]][bool][[^true]]]
+   [[[^const_min]][[^T]][equivalent to [^std::numeric_limits<T>::min()]]]
+   [[[^const_max]][[^T]][equivalent to [^std::numeric_limits<T>::max()]]]
+]
+
+Note: The /is_integral/ flag is provided, because a user-defined integer class should specialize
+[^std::numeric_limits<>::is_integer = true], while compile-time constants
+[^const_min] and [^const_max] are not provided for that user-defined class, unless boost::integer_traits is also specialized.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Test Program]
+
+The program [^[@../../test/integer_traits_test.cpp integer_traits_test.cpp]] exercises the [^integer_traits] class.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Acknowledgements]
+
+Beman Dawes, Ed Brey, Steve Cleary, and Nathan Myers discussed the integer traits idea on the boost mailing list in August 1999.
+
+[endsect]
+[endsect]
+
+[section:integer Integer Type Selection]
+
+The [@../../../../boost/integer.hpp <boost/integer.hpp>] type selection templates allow
+integer types to be selected based on desired characteristics such as number of bits or maximum value.
+This facility is particularly useful for solving generic programming problems.
+
+[section:synopsis Synopsis]
+
+   namespace boost
+   {
+     //  fast integers from least integers
+     template<typename LeastInt>
+     struct int_fast_t
+     {
+         typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  type;
+     };
+
+     //  signed
+     template<int Bits>
+     struct int_t
+     {
+         /* Member exact may or may not be defined depending upon Bits */
+         typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  exact;
+         typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  least;
+         typedef int_fast_t<least>::fast      fast;
+     };
+
+     //  unsigned
+     template<int Bits>
+     struct uint_t
+     {
+         /* Member exact may or may not be defined depending upon Bits */
+         typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  exact;
+         typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  least;
+         typedef int_fast_t<least>::fast      fast;
+     };
+
+     //  signed
+     template<long long MaxValue>
+     struct int_max_value_t
+     {
+         typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  least;
+         typedef int_fast_t<least>::fast      fast;
+     };
+
+     template<long long MinValue>
+     struct int_min_value_t
+     {
+         typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  least;
+         typedef int_fast_t<least>::fast      fast;
+     };
+
+     //  unsigned
+     template<unsigned long long Value>
+     struct uint_value_t
+     {
+         typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  least;
+         typedef int_fast_t<least>::fast      fast;
+     };
+   } // namespace boost
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:easiest Easiest-to-Manipulate Types]
+
+The [^int_fast_t] class template maps its input type to the next-largest type that the processor
+can manipulate the easiest, or to itself if the input type is already an easy-to-manipulate type.
+For instance, processing a bunch of [^char] objects may go faster if they were converted to [^int] objects before processing.
+The input type, passed as the only template parameter, must be a built-in integral type, except [^bool].
+Unsigned integral types can be used, as well as signed integral types.
+The output type is given as the nested type [^fast].
+
+[*Implementation Notes:]
+By default, the output type is identical to the input type. Eventually, this code's implementation should
+be customized for each platform to give accurate mappings between the built-in types and the easiest-to-manipulate
+built-in types. Also, there is no guarantee that the output type actually is easier to manipulate than the input type.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:sized Sized Types]
+
+The [^int_t], [^uint_t], [^int_max_value_t], [^int_min_value_t], and [^uint_value_t] class templates find
+the most appropiate built-in integral type for the given template parameter. This type is given by the
+nested type [^least]. The easiest-to-manipulate version of that type is given by the nested type [^fast].
+The following table describes each template's criteria.
+
+[table Criteria for the Sized Type Class Templates
+   [
+      [Class Template][Template Parameter Mapping]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::int_t<N>::least]]
+      [The smallest, built-in, signed integral type with at least /N/ bits, including the sign bit.
+      The parameter should be a positive number. A compile-time error results if the parameter is
+      larger than the number of bits in the largest integer type.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::int_t<N>::fast]]
+      [The easiest-to-manipulate, built-in, signed integral type with at least /N/ bits, including the sign bit.
+      The parameter should be a positive number. A compile-time error results if the parameter is
+      larger than the number of bits in the largest integer type.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::int_t<N>::exact]]
+      [A built-in, signed integral type with exactly /N/ bits, including the sign bit.
+      The parameter should be a positive number.  Note that the member /exact/ is defined
+      [*only] if there exists a type with exactly /N/ bits.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::uint_t<N>::least]]
+      [The smallest, built-in, unsigned integral type with at least /N/ bits.
+      The parameter should be a positive number. A compile-time error results if the
+      parameter is larger than the number of bits in the largest integer type.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::uint_t<N>::fast]]
+      [The easiest-to-manipulate, built-in, unsigned integral type with at least /N/ bits.
+      The parameter should be a positive number. A compile-time error results if the
+      parameter is larger than the number of bits in the largest integer type.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::uint_t<N>::exact]]
+      [A built-in, unsigned integral type with exactly /N/ bits.
+      The parameter should be a positive number. A compile-time error results if the
+      parameter is larger than the number of bits in the largest integer type.
+      Note that the member /exact/ is defined
+      [*only] if there exists a type with exactly N bits.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::int_max_value_t<V>::least]]
+      [The smallest, built-in, signed integral type that can hold all the values in the inclusive range ['0 - V].
+      The parameter should be a positive number.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::int_max_value_t<V>::fast]]
+      [The easiest-to-manipulate, built-in, signed integral type that can hold all the values in the inclusive range ['0 - V].
+      The parameter should be a positive number.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::int_min_value_t<V>::least]]
+      [The smallest, built-in, signed integral type that can hold all the values in the inclusive range ['V - 0].
+      The parameter should be a negative number.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::int_min_value_t<V>::fast]]
+      [The easiest-to-manipulate, built-in, signed integral type that can hold all the values in the inclusive range ['V - 0].
+      The parameter should be a negative number.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::uint_value_t<V>::least]]
+      [The smallest, built-in, unsigned integral type that can hold all positive values
+      up to and including /V/. The parameter should be a positive number.]
+   ]
+   [
+      [[^boost::uint_value_t<V>::fast]]
+      [The easiest-to-manipulate, built-in, unsigned integral type that can hold all positive values
+      up to and including /V/. The parameter should be a positive number.]
+   ]
+]
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Example]
+
+   #include <boost/integer.hpp>
+
+   //...
+
+   int main()
+   {
+       boost::int_t<24>::least my_var;  // my_var has at least 24-bits
+       //...
+       // This one is guaranteed not to be truncated:
+       boost::int_max_value_t<1000>::least my1000 = 1000;
+       //...
+       // This one is guaranteed not to be truncated, and as fast
+       // to manipulate as possible, its size may be greater than
+       // that of my1000:
+       boost::int_max_value_t<1000>::fast my_fast1000 = 1000;
+   }
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Demonstration Program]
+
+The program [@../../test/integer_test.cpp integer_test.cpp] is a simplistic demonstration of the results from instantiating
+various examples of the sized type class templates.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Rationale]
+
+The rationale for the design of the templates in this header includes:
+
+* Avoid recursion because of concern about C++'s limited guaranteed recursion depth (17).
+* Avoid macros on general principles.
+* Try to keep the design as simple as possible.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Alternative]
+
+If the number of bits required is known beforehand, it may be more appropriate to use the types supplied
+in [@../../../../boost/cstdint.hpp <boost/cstdint.hpp>].
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Credits]
+
+The author of most of the Boost integer type choosing templates is
+[@https://www.boost.org/people/beman_dawes.html Beman Dawes].
+He gives thanks to Valentin Bonnard and [@https://www.boost.org/people/kevlin_henney.htm Kevlin Henney]
+for sharing their designs for similar templates.
+[@https://www.boost.org/people/daryle_walker.html Daryle Walker] designed the value-based sized templates.
+
+[endsect]
+[endsect]
+
+[include gcd/math-gcd.qbk]
+[include modular_arithmetic/extended_euclidean.qbk]
+[include modular_arithmetic/mod_inverse.qbk]
+
+[section:mask Integer Masks]
+
+[section Overview]
+
+The class templates in [@../../../../boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp <boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp>]
+provide bit masks for a certain bit position or a contiguous-bit pack of a certain size.
+The types of the masking constants come from the [link boost_integer.integer integer type selection templates] header.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Synopsis]
+
+   #include <cstddef>  // for std::size_t
+
+   namespace boost
+   {
+
+   template <std::size_t Bit>
+   struct high_bit_mask_t
+   {
+       typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  least;
+       typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  fast;
+
+       static const least       high_bit       = ``['implementation-defined]``;
+       static const fast        high_bit_fast  = ``['implementation-defined]``;
+
+       static const std::size_t bit_position   = Bit;
+   };
+
+   template <std::size_t Bits>
+   struct low_bits_mask_t
+   {
+       typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  least;
+       typedef ``['implementation-defined-type]``  fast;
+
+       static const least       sig_bits       = ``['implementation-defined]``;
+       static const fast        sig_bits_fast  = ``['implementation-defined]``;
+
+       static const std::size_t bit_count      = Bits;
+   };
+
+   // Specializations for low_bits_mask_t exist for certain bit counts.
+
+   }  // namespace boost
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Single Bit-Mask Class Template]
+
+The [^boost::high_bit_mask_t] class template provides constants for bit masks representing the bit at a
+certain position. The masks are equivalent to the value 2[super Bit], where [^Bit] is the template parameter.
+The bit position must be a nonnegative number from zero to ['Max], where Max is one less than the
+number of bits supported by the largest unsigned built-in integral type. The following table describes
+the members of an instantiation of [^high_bit_mask_t].
+
+[table Members of the `boost::high_bit_mask_t` Class Template
+   [[Member][Meaning]]
+   [[[^least]][The smallest, unsigned, built-in type that supports the given bit position.]]
+   [[[^fast]][The easiest-to-manipulate analog of [^least].]]
+   [[[^high_bit]][A [^least] constant of the value 2[super Bit].]]
+   [[[^high_bit_fast]][A [^fast] analog of [^high_bit].]]
+   [[[^bit_position]][The value of the template parameter, in case its needed from a renamed instantiation of the class template.]]
+]
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Group Bit-Mask Class Template]
+
+The [^boost::low_bits_mask_t] class template provides constants for bit masks
+equivalent to the value (2[super Bits] - 1), where [^Bits] is the template parameter.
+The parameter [^Bits] must be a non-negative integer from
+zero to ['Max], where Max is the number of bits supported by the largest, unsigned, built-in integral type.
+The following table describes the members of [^low_bits_mask_t].
+
+[table Members of the [^boost::low_bits_mask_t] Class Template
+[[Member][Meaning]]
+[[[^least]][The smallest, unsigned built-in type that supports the given bit count.]]
+[[[^fast]][The easiest-to-manipulate analog of [^least].]]
+[[[^sig_bits]][A [^least] constant of the desired bit-masking value.]]
+[[[^sig_bits_fast]][A [^fast] analog of [^sig_bits].]]
+[[[^bit_count]][The value of the template parameter, in case its needed from a renamed instantiation of the class template.]]
+]
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Implementation Notes]
+
+When [^Bits] is the exact size of a built-in unsigned type, the implementation has to change to
+prevent undefined behavior. Therefore, there are specializations of [^low_bits_mask_t] at those bit counts.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Example]
+
+   #include <boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp>
+
+   //...
+
+   int main()
+   {
+       typedef boost::high_bit_mask_t<29>  mask1_type;
+       typedef boost::low_bits_mask_t<15>  mask2_type;
+
+       mask1_type::least  my_var1;
+       mask2_type::fast   my_var2;
+       //...
+
+       my_var1 |= mask1_type::high_bit;
+       my_var2 &= mask2_type::sig_bits_fast;
+
+       //...
+   }
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Demonstration Program]
+
+The program [@../../test/integer_mask_test.cpp integer_mask_test.cpp] is a simplistic demonstration of the
+results from instantiating various examples of the bit mask class templates.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Rationale]
+
+The class templates in this header are an extension of the [link boost_integer.integer integer type selection class templates].
+The new class templates provide the same sized types, but also convenient masks to use when extracting the
+highest or all the significant bits when the containing built-in type contains more bits.
+This prevents contamination of values by the higher, unused bits.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Credits]
+
+The author of the Boost bit mask class templates is [@https://www.boost.org/people/daryle_walker.html Daryle Walker].
+
+[endsect]
+[endsect]
+
+[section:log2 Compile Time log2 Calculation]
+
+The class template in [@../../../../boost/integer/static_log2.hpp <boost/integer/static_log2.hpp>]
+determines the position of the highest bit in a given value. This facility is useful for solving generic programming problems.
+
+[section Synopsis]
+
+   namespace boost
+   {
+
+     typedef ``['implementation-defined]`` static_log2_argument_type;
+     typedef ``['implementation-defined]`` static_log2_result_type;
+
+     template <static_log2_argument_type arg>
+     struct static_log2
+     {
+       static const static_log2_result_type value = ``['implementation-defined]``;
+     };
+
+
+     template < >
+     struct static_log2< 0 >
+     {
+       // The logarithm of zero is undefined.
+     };
+
+
+   }  // namespace boost
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Usage]
+
+The [^boost::static_log2] class template takes one template parameter, a value of type
+[^static_log2_argument_type]. The template only defines one member, [^value], which gives the
+truncated, base-two logarithm of the template argument.
+
+Since the logarithm of zero, for any base, is undefined, there is a specialization of [^static_log2]
+for a template argument of zero. This specialization has no members, so an attempt to use the base-two
+logarithm of zero results in a compile-time error.
+
+Note:
+
+* [^static_log2_argument_type] is an ['unsigned integer type] (C++ standard, 3.9.1p3).
+* [^static_log2_result_type] is an ['integer type] (C++ standard, 3.9.1p7).
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Demonstration Program]
+
+The program [@../../test/static_log2_test.cpp static_log2_test.cpp] is a simplistic
+demonstration of the results from instantiating various examples of the binary logarithm class template.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Rationale]
+
+The base-two (binary) logarithm, abbreviated lb, function is occasionally used to give order-estimates
+of computer algorithms. The truncated logarithm can be considered the highest power-of-two in a value,
+which corresponds to the value's highest set bit (for binary integers). Sometimes the highest-bit position
+could be used in generic programming, which requires the position to be available statically (['i.e.] at compile-time).
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Credits]
+
+The original version of the Boost binary logarithm class template was
+written by [@https://www.boost.org/people/daryle_walker.html Daryle Walker] and then
+enhanced by Giovanni Bajo with support for compilers without partial template specialization.
+The current version was suggested, together with a reference implementation, by Vesa Karvonen.
+Gennaro Prota wrote the actual source file.
+
+[endsect]
+[endsect]
+
+[section:minmax Compile time min/max calculation]
+
+The class templates in [@../../../../boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp <boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp>]
+provide a compile-time evaluation of the minimum or maximum of two integers. These facilities are useful
+for generic programming problems.
+
+[section Synopsis]
+
+   namespace boost
+   {
+
+   typedef ``['implementation-defined]`` static_min_max_signed_type;
+   typedef ``['implementation-defined]`` static_min_max_unsigned_type;
+
+   template <static_min_max_signed_type Value1, static_min_max_signed_type Value2 >
+       struct static_signed_min;
+
+   template <static_min_max_signed_type Value1, static_min_max_signed_type Value2>
+       struct static_signed_max;
+
+   template <static_min_max_unsigned_type Value1, static_min_max_unsigned_type Value2>
+       struct static_unsigned_min;
+
+   template <static_min_max_unsigned_type Value1, static_min_max_unsigned_type Value2>
+       struct static_unsigned_max;
+
+   }
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Usage]
+
+The four class templates provide the combinations for finding the minimum or maximum of two [^signed] or
+[^unsigned] ([^long]) parameters, /Value1/ and /Value2/, at compile-time. Each template has a single static data member,
+[^value], which is set to the respective minimum or maximum of the template's parameters.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Example]
+
+   #include <boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp>
+
+   template < unsigned long AddendSize1, unsigned long AddendSize2 >
+   class adder
+   {
+   public:
+       static  unsigned long  const  addend1_size = AddendSize1;
+       static  unsigned long  const  addend2_size = AddendSize2;
+       static  unsigned long  const  sum_size = boost::static_unsigned_max<AddendSize1, AddendSize2>::value + 1;
+
+       typedef int  addend1_type[ addend1_size ];
+       typedef int  addend2_type[ addend2_size ];
+       typedef int  sum_type[ sum_size ];
+
+       void  operator ()( addend1_type const &a1, addend2_type const &a2, sum_type &s ) const;
+   };
+
+   //...
+
+   int main()
+   {
+       int const   a1[] = { 0, 4, 3 };  // 340
+       int const   a2[] = { 9, 8 };     //  89
+       int         s[ 4 ];
+       adder<3,2>  obj;
+
+       obj( a1, a2, s );  // 's' should be 429 or { 9, 2, 4, 0 }
+       //...
+   }
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Demonstration Program]
+
+The program [@../../test/static_min_max_test.cpp static_min_max_test.cpp] is a simplistic demonstration of
+various comparisons using the compile-time extrema class templates.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Rationale]
+
+Sometimes the minimum or maximum of several values needs to be found for later compile-time processing,
+['e.g.] for a bound for another class template.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Credits]
+
+The author of the Boost compile-time extrema class templates is [@https://www.boost.org/people/daryle_walker.html Daryle Walker].
+
+[endsect]
+[endsect]
+
+[section:history History]
+
+[h4 1.56.0]
+
+* Moved `<boost/cstdint.hpp>` into [@boost:/libs/config/index.html
+  Boost.Config].
+
+[h4 1.42.0]
+
+* Reverted Trunk to release branch state (i.e. a "known good state").
+* Fixed issues: [@https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/653 653],
+[@https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/3084 3084],
+[@https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/3177 3177],
+[@https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/3180 3180],
+[@https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/3548 3568],
+[@https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/3657 3657],
+[@https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/ticket/2134 2134].
+* Added long long support to [^boost::static_log2], [^boost::static_signed_min], [^boost::static_signed_max],
+[^boost::static_unsigned_min][^boost::static_unsigned_max], when available.
+* The argument type and the result type of [^boost::static_signed_min] etc are now typedef'd.
+Formerly, they were hardcoded as [^unsigned long] and [^int] respectively. Please, use the
+provided typedefs in new code (and update old code as soon as possible).
+
+[h4 1.32.0]
+
+* The argument type and the result type of [^boost::static_log2] are now typedef'd.
+Formerly, they were hardcoded as [^unsigned long] and [^int] respectively. Please, use the
+provided typedefs in new code (and update old code as soon as possible).
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section:cstdint Removed from library: Standard Integer Types]
+
+The [@boost:/libs/config/doc/html/boost_config/cstdint.html Boost.Config] module provides
+the typedefs useful for writing portable code that requires certain
+integer widths.
+
+[endsect]

doc/modular_arithmetic/extended_euclidean.qbk

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+[section:extended_euclidean Extended Euclidean Algorithm]
+
+[section Introduction]
+
+The extended Euclidean algorithm solves the integer relation /mx + ny/ = gcd(/m/, /n/) for /x/ and /y/.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Synopsis]
+
+    #include <boost/integer/extended_euclidean.hpp>
+
+    namespace boost { namespace integer {
+
+    template<class Z>
+    struct euclidean_result_t {
+      Z gcd;
+      Z x;
+      Z y;
+    };
+
+
+    template<class Z>
+    euclidean_result_t<Z> extended_euclidean(Z m, Z n);
+
+    }}
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Usage]
+
+    int m = 12;
+    int n = 15;
+    auto res = extended_euclidean(m, n);
+
+    int gcd = res.gcd;
+    int x = res.x;
+    int y = res.y;
+    // mx + ny = gcd(m,n) should now hold
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section References]
+Wagstaff, Samuel S., ['The Joy of Factoring], Vol. 68. American Mathematical Soc., 2013.
+
+[endsect]
+[endsect]
+[/
+Copyright 2018 Nick Thompson.
+Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+(See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
+]

doc/modular_arithmetic/mod_inverse.qbk

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+[section:mod_inverse Modular Multiplicative Inverse]
+
+[section Introduction]
+
+The modular multiplicative inverse of a number /a/ is that number /x/ which satisfies /ax/ = 1 mod /p/.
+A fast algorithm for computing modular multiplicative inverses based on the extended Euclidean algorithm exists and is provided by Boost.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Synopsis]
+
+    #include <boost/integer/mod_inverse.hpp>
+
+    namespace boost { namespace integer {
+
+    template<class Z>
+    Z mod_inverse(Z a, Z m);
+
+    }}
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section Usage]
+
+    int x = mod_inverse(2, 5);
+    // prints x = 3:
+    std::cout << "x = " << x << "\n";
+
+    int y = mod_inverse(2, 4);
+    if (y == 0)
+    {
+        std::cout << "There is no inverse of 2 mod 4\n";
+    }
+
+Multiplicative modular inverses exist if and only if /a/ and /m/ are coprime.
+If /a/ and /m/ share a common factor, then `mod_inverse(a, m)` returns zero.
+
+[endsect]
+
+[section References]
+Wagstaff, Samuel S., ['The Joy of Factoring], Vol. 68. American Mathematical Soc., 2013.
+
+[endsect]
+[endsect]
+[/
+Copyright 2018 Nick Thompson.
+Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+(See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt).
+]

include/boost/cstdint.hpp

@@ -1,324 +0,0 @@
-//  boost cstdint.hpp header file  ------------------------------------------//
-
-//  (C) Copyright boost.org 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell
-//  and distribute this software is granted provided this copyright
-//  notice appears in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without
-//  express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
-//  any purpose.
-
-//  See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
-
-//  Revision History
-//   16 Apr 01  check LONGLONG_MAX when looking for "long long" (Jens Maurer)
-//   23 Jan 01  prefer "long" over "int" for int32_t and intmax_t (Jens Maurer)
-//   12 Nov 00  Merged <boost/stdint.h> (Jens Maurer)
-//   23 Sep 00  Added INTXX_C macro support (John Maddock).
-//   22 Sep 00  Better 64-bit support (John Maddock)
-//   29 Jun 00  Reimplement to avoid including stdint.h within namespace boost
-//    8 Aug 99  Initial version (Beman Dawes)
-
-
-#ifndef BOOST_CSTDINT_HPP
-#define BOOST_CSTDINT_HPP
-
-#include <boost/config.hpp>
-
-
-#ifdef BOOST_HAS_STDINT_H
-
-// The following #include is an implementation artifact; not part of interface.
-# ifdef __hpux
-// HP-UX has a vaguely nice <stdint.h> in a non-standard location
-#   include <inttypes.h>
-#   ifdef __STDC_32_MODE__
-      // this is triggered with GCC, because it defines __cplusplus < 199707L
-#     define BOOST_NO_INT64_T
-#   endif 
-# else
-#   include <stdint.h>
-# endif
-
-namespace boost
-{
-
-  using ::int8_t;             
-  using ::int_least8_t;       
-  using ::int_fast8_t;        
-  using ::uint8_t;            
-  using ::uint_least8_t;      
-  using ::uint_fast8_t;       
-                     
-  using ::int16_t;            
-  using ::int_least16_t;      
-  using ::int_fast16_t;       
-  using ::uint16_t;           
-  using ::uint_least16_t;     
-  using ::uint_fast16_t;      
-                     
-  using ::int32_t;            
-  using ::int_least32_t;      
-  using ::int_fast32_t;       
-  using ::uint32_t;           
-  using ::uint_least32_t;     
-  using ::uint_fast32_t;      
-                     
-# ifndef BOOST_NO_INT64_T
-
-  using ::int64_t;            
-  using ::int_least64_t;      
-  using ::int_fast64_t;       
-  using ::uint64_t;           
-  using ::uint_least64_t;     
-  using ::uint_fast64_t;      
-                     
-# endif
-
-  using ::intmax_t;      
-  using ::uintmax_t;     
-
-} // namespace boost
-
-
-#else  // BOOST_HAS_STDINT_H
-
-
-# include <limits.h> // implementation artifact; not part of interface
-
-
-namespace boost
-{
-
-//  These are fairly safe guesses for some 16-bit, and most 32-bit and 64-bit
-//  platforms.  For other systems, they will have to be hand tailored.
-//
-//  Because the fast types are assumed to be the same as the undecorated types,
-//  it may be possible to hand tailor a more efficient implementation.  Such
-//  an optimization may be illusionary; on the Intel x86-family 386 on, for
-//  example, byte arithmetic and load/stores are as fast as "int" sized ones.
-
-//  8-bit types  ------------------------------------------------------------//
-
-# if UCHAR_MAX == 0xff
-     typedef signed char     int8_t;
-     typedef signed char     int_least8_t;
-     typedef signed char     int_fast8_t;
-     typedef unsigned char   uint8_t;
-     typedef unsigned char   uint_least8_t;
-     typedef unsigned char   uint_fast8_t;
-# else
-#    error defaults not correct; you must hand modify boost/cstdint.hpp
-# endif
-
-//  16-bit types  -----------------------------------------------------------//
-
-# if USHRT_MAX == 0xffff
-     typedef short           int16_t;
-     typedef short           int_least16_t;
-     typedef short           int_fast16_t;
-     typedef unsigned short  uint16_t;
-     typedef unsigned short  uint_least16_t;
-     typedef unsigned short  uint_fast16_t;
-# else
-#    error defaults not correct; you must hand modify boost/cstdint.hpp
-# endif
-
-//  32-bit types  -----------------------------------------------------------//
-
-# if ULONG_MAX == 0xffffffff
-     typedef long            int32_t;
-     typedef long            int_least32_t;
-     typedef long            int_fast32_t;
-     typedef unsigned long   uint32_t;
-     typedef unsigned long   uint_least32_t;
-     typedef unsigned long   uint_fast32_t;
-# elif UINT_MAX == 0xffffffff
-     typedef int             int32_t;
-     typedef int             int_least32_t;
-     typedef int             int_fast32_t;
-     typedef unsigned int    uint32_t;
-     typedef unsigned int    uint_least32_t;
-     typedef unsigned int    uint_fast32_t;
-# else
-#    error defaults not correct; you must hand modify boost/cstdint.hpp
-# endif
-
-//  64-bit types + intmax_t and uintmax_t  ----------------------------------//
-
-# if !defined(BOOST_MSVC) && !defined(__BORLANDC__) && \
-   (!defined(__GLIBCPP__) || defined(_GLIBCPP_USE_LONG_LONG)) && \
-   (defined(ULLONG_MAX) || defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX) || defined(ULONGLONG_MAX))
-#    if defined(__hpux)
-     // HP-UX's value of ULONG_LONG_MAX is unusable in preprocessor expressions
-#    elif (defined(ULLONG_MAX) && ULLONG_MAX == 18446744073709551615ULL) || (defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX) && ULONG_LONG_MAX == 18446744073709551615ULL) || (defined(ULONGLONG_MAX) && ULONGLONG_MAX == 18446744073709551615ULL)
-                                                                 // 2**64 - 1
-#    else
-#       error defaults not correct; you must hand modify boost/cstdint.hpp
-#    endif
-
-     typedef long long            intmax_t;
-     typedef unsigned long long   uintmax_t;
-     typedef long long            int64_t;
-     typedef long long            int_least64_t;
-     typedef long long            int_fast64_t;
-     typedef unsigned long long   uint64_t;
-     typedef unsigned long long   uint_least64_t;
-     typedef unsigned long long   uint_fast64_t;
-
-# elif ULONG_MAX != 0xffffffff
-
-#    if ULONG_MAX == 18446744073709551615 // 2**64 - 1
-     typedef long                 intmax_t;
-     typedef unsigned long        uintmax_t;
-     typedef long                 int64_t;
-     typedef long                 int_least64_t;
-     typedef long                 int_fast64_t;
-     typedef unsigned long        uint64_t;
-     typedef unsigned long        uint_least64_t;
-     typedef unsigned long        uint_fast64_t;
-#    else
-#       error defaults not correct; you must hand modify boost/cstdint.hpp
-#    endif
-# elif (defined(BOOST_MSVC) && (BOOST_MSVC >= 1100)) || (defined(__BORLANDC__) && (__BORLANDC__ >= 0x520))
-     //
-     // we have Borland/Microsoft __int64:
-     //
-     typedef __int64             intmax_t;
-     typedef unsigned __int64    uintmax_t;
-     typedef __int64             int64_t;
-     typedef __int64             int_least64_t;
-     typedef __int64             int_fast64_t;
-     typedef unsigned __int64    uint64_t;
-     typedef unsigned __int64    uint_least64_t;
-     typedef unsigned __int64    uint_fast64_t;
-# else // assume no 64-bit integers
-#  define BOOST_NO_INT64_T
-     typedef int32_t              intmax_t;
-     typedef uint32_t             uintmax_t;
-# endif
-
-} // namespace boost
-
-
-#endif // BOOST_HAS_STDINT_H
-
-#endif // BOOST_CSTDINT_HPP
-
-
-/****************************************************
-
-Macro definition section:
-
-Define various INTXX_C macros only if
-__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS is defined.
-
-Undefine the macros if __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS is
-not defined and the macros are (cf <cassert>).
-
-Added 23rd September 2000 (John Maddock).
-Modified 11th September 2001 to be excluded when
-BOOST_HAS_STDINT_H is defined (John Maddock).
-
-******************************************************/
-
-#if defined(__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS) && !defined(BOOST__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS_DEFINED) && !defined(BOOST_HAS_STDINT_H)
-# define BOOST__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS_DEFINED
-# if (defined(BOOST_MSVC) && (BOOST_MSVC >= 1100)) || (defined(__BORLANDC__) && (__BORLANDC__ >= 0x520))
-//
-// Borland/Microsoft compilers have width specific suffixes:
-//
-#  define INT8_C(value)     value##i8
-#  define INT16_C(value)    value##i16
-#  define INT32_C(value)    value##i32
-#  define INT64_C(value)    value##i64
-#  ifdef __BORLANDC__
-    // Borland bug: appending ui8 makes the type a signed char
-#   define UINT8_C(value)    static_cast<unsigned char>(value##u)
-#  else
-#   define UINT8_C(value)    value##ui8
-#  endif
-#  define UINT16_C(value)   value##ui16
-#  define UINT32_C(value)   value##ui32
-#  define UINT64_C(value)   value##ui64
-#  define INTMAX_C(value)   value##i64
-#  define UINTMAX_C(value)  value##ui64
-
-# else
-//  do it the old fashioned way:
-
-//  8-bit types  ------------------------------------------------------------//
-
-#  if UCHAR_MAX == 0xff
-#   define INT8_C(value) static_cast<boost::int8_t>(value)
-#   define UINT8_C(value) static_cast<boost::uint8_t>(value##u)
-#  endif
-
-//  16-bit types  -----------------------------------------------------------//
-
-#  if USHRT_MAX == 0xffff
-#   define INT16_C(value) static_cast<boost::int16_t>(value)
-#   define UINT16_C(value) static_cast<boost::uint16_t>(value##u)
-#  endif
-
-//  32-bit types  -----------------------------------------------------------//
-
-#  if UINT_MAX == 0xffffffff
-#   define INT32_C(value) value
-#   define UINT32_C(value) value##u
-#  elif ULONG_MAX == 0xffffffff
-#   define INT32_C(value) value##L
-#   define UINT32_C(value) value##uL
-#  endif
-
-//  64-bit types + intmax_t and uintmax_t  ----------------------------------//
-
-#  if defined(ULLONG_MAX) || defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX) || defined(ULONGLONG_MAX)
-#    if defined(__hpux)
-     // HP-UX's value of ULONG_LONG_MAX is unusable in preprocessor expressions
-#    elif (defined(ULLONG_MAX) && ULLONG_MAX == 18446744073709551615U) ||  \
-        (defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX) && ULONG_LONG_MAX == 18446744073709551615U) ||  \
-        (defined(ULONGLONG_MAX) && ULONGLONG_MAX == 18446744073709551615U)
-
-#    else
-#       error defaults not correct; you must hand modify boost/cstdint.hpp
-#    endif
-#    define INT64_C(value) value##LL
-#    define UINT64_C(value) value##uLL
-#  elif ULONG_MAX != 0xffffffff
-
-#    if ULONG_MAX == 18446744073709551615 // 2**64 - 1
-#       define INT64_C(value) value##L
-#       define UINT64_C(value) value##uL
-#    else
-#       error defaults not correct; you must hand modify boost/cstdint.hpp
-#    endif
-#  endif
-
-#  ifdef BOOST_NO_INT64_T
-#   define INTMAX_C(value) INT32_C(value)
-#   define UINTMAX_C(value) UINT32_C(value)
-#  else
-#   define INTMAX_C(value) INT64_C(value)
-#   define UINTMAX_C(value) UINT64_C(value)
-#  endif
-
-# endif // Borland/Microsoft specific width suffixes
-
-
-#elif defined(BOOST__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS_DEFINED) && !defined(__STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS) && !defined(BOOST_HAS_STDINT_H)
-//
-// undef all the macros:
-//
-# undef INT8_C
-# undef INT16_C
-# undef INT32_C
-# undef INT64_C
-# undef UINT8_C
-# undef UINT16_C
-# undef UINT32_C
-# undef UINT64_C
-# undef INTMAX_C
-# undef UINTMAX_C
-
-#endif // __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS_DEFINED etc.
-
-

include/boost/integer.hpp

@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
 //  boost integer.hpp header file  -------------------------------------------//
 
-//  (C) Copyright Beman Dawes 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell
-//  and distribute this software is granted provided this copyright
-//  notice appears in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without
-//  express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
-//  any purpose.
+//  Copyright Beman Dawes and Daryle Walker 1999.  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
 
-//  See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
+//  See https://www.boost.org/libs/integer for documentation.
 
 //  Revision History
+//   22 Sep 01  Added value-based integer templates. (Daryle Walker)
 //   01 Apr 01  Modified to use new <boost/limits.hpp> header. (John Maddock)
 //   30 Jul 00  Add typename syntax fix (Jens Maurer)
 //   28 Aug 99  Initial version
@@ -16,7 +15,24 @@
 #ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_HPP
 #define BOOST_INTEGER_HPP
 
-#include <boost/limits.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer_fwd.hpp>  // self include
+
+#include <boost/integer_traits.hpp>  // for boost::::boost::integer_traits
+#include <boost/limits.hpp>          // for ::std::numeric_limits
+#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>         // for boost::int64_t and BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T
+#include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
+
+//
+// We simply cannot include this header on gcc without getting copious warnings of the kind:
+//
+// boost/integer.hpp:77:30: warning: use of C99 long long integer constant
+//
+// And yet there is no other reasonable implementation, so we declare this a system header
+// to suppress these warnings.
+//
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4)
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
 
 namespace boost
 {
@@ -26,60 +42,221 @@ namespace boost
   //  fast integers from least integers
   //  int_fast_t<> works correctly for unsigned too, in spite of the name.
   template< typename LeastInt >
-  struct int_fast_t { typedef LeastInt fast; }; // imps may specialize
+  struct int_fast_t
+  {
+     typedef LeastInt fast;
+     typedef fast     type;
+  }; // imps may specialize
 
-  //  convert category to type 
+  namespace detail{
+
+  //  convert category to type
   template< int Category > struct int_least_helper {}; // default is empty
+  template< int Category > struct uint_least_helper {}; // default is empty
 
   //  specializatons: 1=long, 2=int, 3=short, 4=signed char,
-  //     6=unsigned long, 7=unsigned int, 8=unsigned short, 9=unsigned long
+  //     6=unsigned long, 7=unsigned int, 8=unsigned short, 9=unsigned char
   //  no specializations for 0 and 5: requests for a type > long are in error
-  template<> struct int_least_helper<1> { typedef long least; };
-  template<> struct int_least_helper<2> { typedef int least; };
-  template<> struct int_least_helper<3> { typedef short least; };
-  template<> struct int_least_helper<4> { typedef signed char least; };
-  template<> struct int_least_helper<6> { typedef unsigned long least; };
-  template<> struct int_least_helper<7> { typedef unsigned int least; };
-  template<> struct int_least_helper<8> { typedef unsigned short least; };
-  template<> struct int_least_helper<9> { typedef unsigned char least; };
+#ifdef BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+  template<> struct int_least_helper<1> { typedef boost::long_long_type least; };
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+  template<> struct int_least_helper<1> { typedef __int64 least; };
+#endif
+  template<> struct int_least_helper<2> { typedef long least; };
+  template<> struct int_least_helper<3> { typedef int least; };
+  template<> struct int_least_helper<4> { typedef short least; };
+  template<> struct int_least_helper<5> { typedef signed char least; };
+#ifdef BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+  template<> struct uint_least_helper<1> { typedef boost::ulong_long_type least; };
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+  template<> struct uint_least_helper<1> { typedef unsigned __int64 least; };
+#endif
+  template<> struct uint_least_helper<2> { typedef unsigned long least; };
+  template<> struct uint_least_helper<3> { typedef unsigned int least; };
+  template<> struct uint_least_helper<4> { typedef unsigned short least; };
+  template<> struct uint_least_helper<5> { typedef unsigned char least; };
+
+  template <int Bits>
+  struct exact_signed_base_helper{};
+  template <int Bits>
+  struct exact_unsigned_base_helper{};
+
+  template <> struct exact_signed_base_helper<sizeof(signed char)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef signed char exact; };
+  template <> struct exact_unsigned_base_helper<sizeof(unsigned char)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef unsigned char exact; };
+#if USHRT_MAX != UCHAR_MAX
+  template <> struct exact_signed_base_helper<sizeof(short)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef short exact; };
+  template <> struct exact_unsigned_base_helper<sizeof(unsigned short)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef unsigned short exact; };
+#endif
+#if UINT_MAX != USHRT_MAX
+  template <> struct exact_signed_base_helper<sizeof(int)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef int exact; };
+  template <> struct exact_unsigned_base_helper<sizeof(unsigned int)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef unsigned int exact; };
+#endif
+#if ULONG_MAX != UINT_MAX && ( !defined __TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ || \
+    ( __TI_COMPILER_VERSION__ >= 7000000 && !defined __TI_40BIT_LONG__ ) )
+  template <> struct exact_signed_base_helper<sizeof(long)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef long exact; };
+  template <> struct exact_unsigned_base_helper<sizeof(unsigned long)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef unsigned long exact; };
+#endif
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG) &&\
+   ((defined(ULLONG_MAX) && (ULLONG_MAX != ULONG_MAX)) ||\
+    (defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX) && (ULONG_LONG_MAX != ULONG_MAX)) ||\
+    (defined(ULONGLONG_MAX) && (ULONGLONG_MAX != ULONG_MAX)) ||\
+    (defined(_ULLONG_MAX) && (_ULLONG_MAX != ULONG_MAX)))
+  template <> struct exact_signed_base_helper<sizeof(boost::long_long_type)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef boost::long_long_type exact; };
+  template <> struct exact_unsigned_base_helper<sizeof(boost::ulong_long_type)* CHAR_BIT> { typedef boost::ulong_long_type exact; };
+#endif
+
+
+  } // namespace detail
 
   //  integer templates specifying number of bits  ---------------------------//
 
   //  signed
   template< int Bits >   // bits (including sign) required
-  struct int_t 
+  struct int_t : public boost::detail::exact_signed_base_helper<Bits>
   {
-      typedef typename int_least_helper
+      BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG(Bits <= (int)(sizeof(boost::intmax_t) * CHAR_BIT),
+         "No suitable signed integer type with the requested number of bits is available.");
+      typedef typename boost::detail::int_least_helper
         <
-          (Bits-1 <= std::numeric_limits<long>::digits) +
-          (Bits-1 <= std::numeric_limits<int>::digits) +
-          (Bits-1 <= std::numeric_limits<short>::digits) +
-          (Bits-1 <= std::numeric_limits<signed char>::digits)
+#ifdef BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+          (Bits <= (int)(sizeof(boost::long_long_type) * CHAR_BIT)) +
+#else
+           1 +
+#endif
+          (Bits-1 <= ::std::numeric_limits<long>::digits) +
+          (Bits-1 <= ::std::numeric_limits<int>::digits) +
+          (Bits-1 <= ::std::numeric_limits<short>::digits) +
+          (Bits-1 <= ::std::numeric_limits<signed char>::digits)
         >::least  least;
-      typedef typename int_fast_t<least>::fast  fast;
+      typedef typename int_fast_t<least>::type  fast;
   };
 
   //  unsigned
   template< int Bits >   // bits required
-  struct uint_t 
+  struct uint_t : public boost::detail::exact_unsigned_base_helper<Bits>
   {
-      typedef typename int_least_helper
-        < 
-          5 +
-          (Bits <= std::numeric_limits<unsigned long>::digits) +
-          (Bits <= std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::digits) +
-          (Bits <= std::numeric_limits<unsigned short>::digits) +
-          (Bits <= std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::digits)
+     BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT_MSG(Bits <= (int)(sizeof(boost::uintmax_t) * CHAR_BIT),
+         "No suitable unsigned integer type with the requested number of bits is available.");
+#if (defined(BOOST_BORLANDC) || defined(__CODEGEAR__)) && defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T)
+     // It's really not clear why this workaround should be needed... shrug I guess!  JM
+     BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, s =
+           6 +
+          (Bits <= ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned long>::digits) +
+          (Bits <= ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::digits) +
+          (Bits <= ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned short>::digits) +
+          (Bits <= ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::digits));
+     typedef typename detail::int_least_helper< ::boost::uint_t<Bits>::s>::least least;
+#else
+      typedef typename boost::detail::uint_least_helper
+        <
+#ifdef BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+          (Bits <= (int)(sizeof(boost::long_long_type) * CHAR_BIT)) +
+#else
+           1 +
+#endif
+          (Bits <= ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned long>::digits) +
+          (Bits <= ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::digits) +
+          (Bits <= ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned short>::digits) +
+          (Bits <= ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::digits)
         >::least  least;
-      typedef typename int_fast_t<least>::fast  fast;
+#endif
+      typedef typename int_fast_t<least>::type  fast;
       // int_fast_t<> works correctly for unsigned too, in spite of the name.
   };
 
-//  The same dispatching technique can be used to select types based on
-//  values.  That will be added once boost::integer_traits is available.
+  //  integer templates specifying extreme value  ----------------------------//
+
+  //  signed
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+  template< boost::long_long_type MaxValue >   // maximum value to require support
+#else
+  template< long MaxValue >   // maximum value to require support
+#endif
+  struct int_max_value_t
+  {
+      typedef typename boost::detail::int_least_helper
+        <
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<boost::long_long_type>::const_max) +
+#else
+           1 +
+#endif
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<long>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<int>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<short>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<signed char>::const_max)
+        >::least  least;
+      typedef typename int_fast_t<least>::type  fast;
+  };
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+  template< boost::long_long_type MinValue >   // minimum value to require support
+#else
+  template< long MinValue >   // minimum value to require support
+#endif
+  struct int_min_value_t
+  {
+      typedef typename boost::detail::int_least_helper
+        <
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+          (MinValue >= ::boost::integer_traits<boost::long_long_type>::const_min) +
+#else
+           1 +
+#endif
+          (MinValue >= ::boost::integer_traits<long>::const_min) +
+          (MinValue >= ::boost::integer_traits<int>::const_min) +
+          (MinValue >= ::boost::integer_traits<short>::const_min) +
+          (MinValue >= ::boost::integer_traits<signed char>::const_min)
+        >::least  least;
+      typedef typename int_fast_t<least>::type  fast;
+  };
+
+  //  unsigned
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+  template< boost::ulong_long_type MaxValue >   // minimum value to require support
+#else
+  template< unsigned long MaxValue >   // minimum value to require support
+#endif
+  struct uint_value_t
+  {
+#if (defined(BOOST_BORLANDC) || defined(__CODEGEAR__))
+     // It's really not clear why this workaround should be needed... shrug I guess!  JM
+#if defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T)
+      BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(unsigned, which =
+           1 +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned long>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned int>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned short>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned char>::const_max));
+      typedef typename detail::int_least_helper< ::boost::uint_value_t<MaxValue>::which>::least least;
+#else // BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T
+      BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(unsigned, which =
+           1 +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<boost::ulong_long_type>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned long>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned int>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned short>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned char>::const_max));
+      typedef typename detail::uint_least_helper< ::boost::uint_value_t<MaxValue>::which>::least least;
+#endif // BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T
+#else
+      typedef typename boost::detail::uint_least_helper
+        <
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<boost::ulong_long_type>::const_max) +
+#else
+           1 +
+#endif
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned long>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned int>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned short>::const_max) +
+          (MaxValue <= ::boost::integer_traits<unsigned char>::const_max)
+        >::least  least;
+#endif
+      typedef typename int_fast_t<least>::type  fast;
+  };
 
 
 } // namespace boost
 
 #endif  // BOOST_INTEGER_HPP
-

include/boost/integer/common_factor.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+//  Boost common_factor.hpp header file  -------------------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Daryle Walker 2001-2002.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for updates, documentation, and revision history. 
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_HPP
+
+#include <boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp>
+
+#endif  // BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_HPP

include/boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+//  Boost common_factor_ct.hpp header file  ----------------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Daryle Walker and Stephen Cleary 2001-2002.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for updates, documentation, and revision history. 
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_CT_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_CT_HPP
+
+#include <boost/integer_fwd.hpp>  // self include
+#include <boost/config.hpp>  // for BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT, etc.
+
+namespace boost
+{
+namespace integer
+{
+
+//  Implementation details  --------------------------------------------------//
+
+namespace detail
+{
+    // Build GCD with Euclid's recursive algorithm
+    template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 >
+    struct static_gcd_helper_t
+    {
+    private:
+        BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( static_gcd_type, new_value1 = Value2 );
+        BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( static_gcd_type, new_value2 = Value1 % Value2 );
+
+        #ifndef BOOST_BORLANDC
+        #define BOOST_DETAIL_GCD_HELPER_VAL(Value) static_cast<static_gcd_type>(Value)
+        #else
+        typedef static_gcd_helper_t  self_type;
+        #define BOOST_DETAIL_GCD_HELPER_VAL(Value)  (self_type:: Value )
+        #endif
+
+        typedef static_gcd_helper_t< BOOST_DETAIL_GCD_HELPER_VAL(new_value1),
+         BOOST_DETAIL_GCD_HELPER_VAL(new_value2) >  next_step_type;
+
+        #undef BOOST_DETAIL_GCD_HELPER_VAL
+
+    public:
+        BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( static_gcd_type, value = next_step_type::value );
+    };
+
+    // Non-recursive case
+    template < static_gcd_type Value1 >
+    struct static_gcd_helper_t< Value1, 0UL >
+    {
+        BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( static_gcd_type, value = Value1 );
+    };
+
+    // Build the LCM from the GCD
+    template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 >
+    struct static_lcm_helper_t
+    {
+        typedef static_gcd_helper_t<Value1, Value2>  gcd_type;
+
+        BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( static_gcd_type, value = Value1 / gcd_type::value
+         * Value2 );
+    };
+
+    // Special case for zero-GCD values
+    template < >
+    struct static_lcm_helper_t< 0UL, 0UL >
+    {
+        BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( static_gcd_type, value = 0UL );
+    };
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+
+//  Compile-time greatest common divisor evaluator class declaration  --------//
+
+template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 > struct static_gcd
+{
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( static_gcd_type, value = (detail::static_gcd_helper_t<Value1, Value2>::value) );
+};  // boost::integer::static_gcd
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION)
+template< static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 > static_gcd_type const static_gcd< Value1, Value2 >::value;
+#endif
+
+//  Compile-time least common multiple evaluator class declaration  ----------//
+
+template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 > struct static_lcm
+{
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( static_gcd_type, value = (detail::static_lcm_helper_t<Value1, Value2>::value) );
+};  // boost::integer::static_lcm
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION)
+template< static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 > static_gcd_type const static_lcm< Value1, Value2 >::value;
+#endif
+
+}  // namespace integer
+}  // namespace boost
+
+
+#endif  // BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_CT_HPP

include/boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,576 @@
+//  (C) Copyright Jeremy William Murphy 2016.
+
+//  Use, modification and distribution are subject to the
+//  Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_RT_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_RT_HPP
+
+#include <boost/assert.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/enable_if.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/config.hpp>  // for BOOST_NESTED_TEMPLATE, etc.
+#include <boost/limits.hpp>  // for std::numeric_limits
+#include <climits>           // for CHAR_MIN
+#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <limits>
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_TYPE_TRAITS
+#include <type_traits>
+#endif
+#ifdef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_FUNCTIONAL
+#include <functional>
+#endif
+
+#if ((defined(BOOST_MSVC) && (BOOST_MSVC >= 1600)) || (defined(__clang__) && defined(__c2__)) || (defined(BOOST_INTEL) && defined(_MSC_VER))) && (defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64))
+#include <intrin.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable:4127 4244)  // Conditional expression is constant
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_TYPE_TRAITS) && !defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_NOEXCEPT)
+#define BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T) noexcept(std::is_arithmetic<T>::value)
+#else
+#define BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+#endif
+
+namespace boost {
+
+   template <class I>
+   class rational;
+
+   namespace integer {
+
+      namespace gcd_detail{
+
+         //
+         // some helper functions which really should be constexpr already, but sadly aren't:
+         //
+         template <class T>
+         inline BOOST_CONSTEXPR T constexpr_min(T const& a, T const& b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+         {
+            return a < b ? a : b;
+         }
+
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX14_CONSTEXPR
+         template <class T>
+         inline constexpr auto constexpr_swap(T& a, T& b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T) -> decltype(a.swap(b))
+         {
+            return a.swap(b);
+         }
+         template <class T, class U>
+         inline constexpr void constexpr_swap(T& a, U& b, ...) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+         {
+            T t(static_cast<T&&>(a));
+            a = static_cast<T&&>(b);
+            b = static_cast<T&&>(t);
+         }
+#else
+         template <class T>
+         inline void constexpr_swap(T& a, T& b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+         {
+            using std::swap;
+            swap(a, b);
+         }
+#endif
+
+      template <class T, bool a =
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_TYPE_TRAITS
+         std::is_unsigned<T>::value ||
+#endif
+         (std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized && !std::numeric_limits<T>::is_signed)>
+      struct gcd_traits_abs_defaults
+      {
+         inline static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR const T& abs(const T& val) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T) { return val; }
+      };
+      template <class T>
+      struct gcd_traits_abs_defaults<T, false>
+      {
+         inline static T BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR abs(const T& val) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+         {
+            // This sucks, but std::abs is not constexpr :(
+            return val < T(0) ? -val : val;
+         }
+      };
+
+      enum method_type
+      {
+         method_euclid = 0,
+         method_binary = 1,
+         method_mixed = 2
+      };
+
+      struct any_convert
+      {
+         template <class T>
+         any_convert(const T&);
+      };
+
+      struct unlikely_size
+      {
+         char buf[9973];
+      };
+
+      unlikely_size operator <<= (any_convert, any_convert);
+      unlikely_size operator >>= (any_convert, any_convert);
+
+      template <class T>
+      struct gcd_traits_defaults : public gcd_traits_abs_defaults<T>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(T& val) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+         {
+            unsigned r = 0;
+            while (T(0) == (val & 1u))
+            {
+#ifdef _MSC_VER  // VC++ can't handle operator >>= in constexpr code for some reason
+               val = val >> 1;
+#else
+               val >>= 1;
+#endif
+               ++r;
+            }
+            return r;
+         }
+         inline static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR bool less(const T& a, const T& b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+         {
+            return a < b;
+         }
+
+         static T& get_value();
+
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_SFINAE
+         static const bool has_operator_left_shift_equal = sizeof(get_value() <<= 2) != sizeof(unlikely_size);
+         static const bool has_operator_right_shift_equal = sizeof(get_value() >>= 2) != sizeof(unlikely_size);
+#else
+         static const bool has_operator_left_shift_equal = true;
+         static const bool has_operator_right_shift_equal = true;
+#endif
+         static const method_type method = std::numeric_limits<T>::is_specialized && std::numeric_limits<T>::is_integer && has_operator_left_shift_equal && has_operator_right_shift_equal ? method_mixed : method_euclid;
+      };
+      //
+      // Default gcd_traits just inherits from defaults:
+      //
+      template <class T>
+      struct gcd_traits : public gcd_traits_defaults<T> {};
+
+      //
+      // Some platforms have fast bitscan operations, that allow us to implement
+      // make_odd much more efficiently, unfortunately we can't use these if we want
+      // the functions to be constexpr as the compiler intrinsics aren't constexpr.
+      //
+#if defined(BOOST_NO_CXX14_CONSTEXPR) && ((defined(BOOST_MSVC) && (BOOST_MSVC >= 1600)) || (defined(__clang__) && defined(__c2__)) || (defined(BOOST_INTEL) && defined(_MSC_VER))) && (defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64))
+#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward,)
+      template <>
+      struct gcd_traits<unsigned long> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned long>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned find_lsb(unsigned long val) BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            unsigned long result;
+            _BitScanForward(&result, val);
+            return result;
+         }
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(unsigned long& val) BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            unsigned result = find_lsb(val);
+            val >>= result;
+            return result;
+         }
+      };
+
+#ifdef _M_X64
+#pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward64)
+      template <>
+      struct gcd_traits<unsigned __int64> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned __int64>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned find_lsb(unsigned __int64 mask) BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            unsigned long result;
+            _BitScanForward64(&result, mask);
+            return result;
+         }
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(unsigned __int64& val) BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            unsigned result = find_lsb(val);
+            val >>= result;
+            return result;
+         }
+      };
+#endif
+      //
+      // Other integer type are trivial adaptations of the above,
+      // this works for signed types too, as by the time these functions
+      // are called, all values are > 0.
+      //
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<long> : public gcd_traits_defaults<long>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(long& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<unsigned int> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned int>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(unsigned int& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<int> : public gcd_traits_defaults<int>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(int& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<unsigned short> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned short>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(unsigned short& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<short> : public gcd_traits_defaults<short>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(short& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<unsigned char> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned char>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(unsigned char& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<signed char> : public gcd_traits_defaults<signed char>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(signed char& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<char> : public gcd_traits_defaults<char>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(char& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_INTRINSIC_WCHAR_T
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<wchar_t> : public gcd_traits_defaults<wchar_t>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(wchar_t& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+#endif
+#ifdef _M_X64
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<__int64> : public gcd_traits_defaults<__int64>
+      { BOOST_FORCEINLINE static unsigned make_odd(__int64& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT{ unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned __int64>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; } };
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(BOOST_GCC) || defined(__clang__) || (defined(BOOST_INTEL) && defined(__GNUC__))
+
+      template <>
+      struct gcd_traits<unsigned> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned find_lsb(unsigned mask)BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            return __builtin_ctz(mask);
+         }
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(unsigned& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            unsigned result = find_lsb(val);
+            val >>= result;
+            return result;
+         }
+      };
+      template <>
+      struct gcd_traits<unsigned long> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned long>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned find_lsb(unsigned long mask)BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            return __builtin_ctzl(mask);
+         }
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(unsigned long& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            unsigned result = find_lsb(val);
+            val >>= result;
+            return result;
+         }
+      };
+      template <>
+      struct gcd_traits<boost::ulong_long_type> : public gcd_traits_defaults<boost::ulong_long_type>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned find_lsb(boost::ulong_long_type mask)BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            return __builtin_ctzll(mask);
+         }
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(boost::ulong_long_type& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT
+         {
+            unsigned result = find_lsb(val);
+            val >>= result;
+            return result;
+         }
+      };
+      //
+      // Other integer type are trivial adaptations of the above,
+      // this works for signed types too, as by the time these functions
+      // are called, all values are > 0.
+      //
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<boost::long_long_type> : public gcd_traits_defaults<boost::long_long_type>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(boost::long_long_type& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<boost::ulong_long_type>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<long> : public gcd_traits_defaults<long>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(long& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<int> : public gcd_traits_defaults<int>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(int& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned long>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<unsigned short> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned short>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(unsigned short& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<short> : public gcd_traits_defaults<short>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(short& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<unsigned char> : public gcd_traits_defaults<unsigned char>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(unsigned char& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<signed char> : public gcd_traits_defaults<signed char>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(signed char& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<char> : public gcd_traits_defaults<char>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(char& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_INTRINSIC_WCHAR_T
+      template <> struct gcd_traits<wchar_t> : public gcd_traits_defaults<wchar_t>
+      {
+         BOOST_FORCEINLINE static BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR unsigned make_odd(wchar_t& val)BOOST_NOEXCEPT { unsigned result = gcd_traits<unsigned>::find_lsb(val); val >>= result; return result; }
+      };
+#endif
+#endif
+   //
+   // The Mixed Binary Euclid Algorithm
+   // Sidi Mohamed Sedjelmaci
+   // Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics 35 (2009) 169-176
+   //
+   template <class T>
+   BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T mixed_binary_gcd(T u, T v) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+   {
+      if(gcd_traits<T>::less(u, v))
+         constexpr_swap(u, v);
+
+      unsigned shifts = 0;
+
+      if(u == T(0))
+         return v;
+      if(v == T(0))
+         return u;
+
+      shifts = constexpr_min(gcd_traits<T>::make_odd(u), gcd_traits<T>::make_odd(v));
+
+      while(gcd_traits<T>::less(1, v))
+      {
+         u %= v;
+         v -= u;
+         if(u == T(0))
+            return v << shifts;
+         if(v == T(0))
+            return u << shifts;
+         gcd_traits<T>::make_odd(u);
+         gcd_traits<T>::make_odd(v);
+         if(gcd_traits<T>::less(u, v))
+            constexpr_swap(u, v);
+      }
+      return (v == 1 ? v : u) << shifts;
+   }
+
+    /** Stein gcd (aka 'binary gcd')
+     *
+     * From Mathematics to Generic Programming, Alexander Stepanov, Daniel Rose
+     */
+    template <typename SteinDomain>
+    BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR SteinDomain Stein_gcd(SteinDomain m, SteinDomain n) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(SteinDomain)
+    {
+        BOOST_ASSERT(m >= 0);
+        BOOST_ASSERT(n >= 0);
+        if (m == SteinDomain(0))
+            return n;
+        if (n == SteinDomain(0))
+            return m;
+        // m > 0 && n > 0
+        unsigned d_m = gcd_traits<SteinDomain>::make_odd(m);
+        unsigned d_n = gcd_traits<SteinDomain>::make_odd(n);
+        // odd(m) && odd(n)
+        while (m != n)
+        {
+            if (n > m)
+               constexpr_swap(n, m);
+            m -= n;
+            gcd_traits<SteinDomain>::make_odd(m);
+        }
+        // m == n
+        m <<= constexpr_min(d_m, d_n);
+        return m;
+    }
+
+
+    /** Euclidean algorithm
+     *
+     * From Mathematics to Generic Programming, Alexander Stepanov, Daniel Rose
+     *
+     */
+    template <typename EuclideanDomain>
+    inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR EuclideanDomain Euclid_gcd(EuclideanDomain a, EuclideanDomain b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(EuclideanDomain)
+    {
+        while (b != EuclideanDomain(0))
+        {
+            a %= b;
+            constexpr_swap(a, b);
+        }
+        return a;
+    }
+
+
+    template <typename T>
+    inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME enable_if_c<gcd_traits<T>::method == method_mixed, T>::type
+       optimal_gcd_select(T const &a, T const &b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+    {
+       return gcd_detail::mixed_binary_gcd(a, b);
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME enable_if_c<gcd_traits<T>::method == method_binary, T>::type
+       optimal_gcd_select(T const &a, T const &b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+    {
+       return gcd_detail::Stein_gcd(a, b);
+    }
+
+    template <typename T>
+    inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR BOOST_DEDUCED_TYPENAME enable_if_c<gcd_traits<T>::method == method_euclid, T>::type
+       optimal_gcd_select(T const &a, T const &b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+    {
+       return gcd_detail::Euclid_gcd(a, b);
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR T lcm_imp(const T& a, const T& b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(T)
+    {
+       T temp = boost::integer::gcd_detail::optimal_gcd_select(a, b);
+#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_GCC_VERSION, < 40500)
+       return (temp != T(0)) ? T(a / temp * b) : T(0);
+#else
+       return temp != T(0) ? T(a / temp * b) : T(0);
+#endif
+    }
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+
+template <typename Integer>
+inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR Integer gcd(Integer const &a, Integer const &b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(Integer)
+{
+    if(a == (std::numeric_limits<Integer>::min)())
+       return a == static_cast<Integer>(0) ? gcd_detail::gcd_traits<Integer>::abs(b) : boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<Integer>(a % b), b);
+    else if (b == (std::numeric_limits<Integer>::min)())
+       return b == static_cast<Integer>(0) ? gcd_detail::gcd_traits<Integer>::abs(a) : boost::integer::gcd(a, static_cast<Integer>(b % a));
+    return gcd_detail::optimal_gcd_select(static_cast<Integer>(gcd_detail::gcd_traits<Integer>::abs(a)), static_cast<Integer>(gcd_detail::gcd_traits<Integer>::abs(b)));
+}
+
+template <typename Integer>
+inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR Integer lcm(Integer const &a, Integer const &b) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(Integer)
+{
+   return gcd_detail::lcm_imp(static_cast<Integer>(gcd_detail::gcd_traits<Integer>::abs(a)), static_cast<Integer>(gcd_detail::gcd_traits<Integer>::abs(b)));
+}
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES
+//
+// This looks slightly odd, but the variadic forms must have 3 or more arguments, and the variadic argument pack may be empty.
+// This matters not at all for most compilers, but Oracle C++ selects the wrong overload in the 2-arg case unless we do this.
+//
+template <typename Integer, typename... Args>
+inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR Integer gcd(Integer const &a, Integer const &b, const Integer& c, Args const&... args) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(Integer)
+{
+   Integer t = gcd(b, c, args...);
+   return t == 1 ? 1 : gcd(a, t);
+}
+
+template <typename Integer, typename... Args>
+inline BOOST_CXX14_CONSTEXPR Integer lcm(Integer const &a, Integer const &b, Integer const& c, Args const&... args) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(Integer)
+{
+   return lcm(a, lcm(b, c, args...));
+}
+#endif
+//
+// Special handling for rationals:
+//
+template <typename Integer>
+inline typename boost::enable_if_c<std::numeric_limits<Integer>::is_specialized, boost::rational<Integer> >::type gcd(boost::rational<Integer> const &a, boost::rational<Integer> const &b)
+{
+   return boost::rational<Integer>(static_cast<Integer>(gcd(a.numerator(), b.numerator())), static_cast<Integer>(lcm(a.denominator(), b.denominator())));
+}
+
+template <typename Integer>
+inline typename boost::enable_if_c<std::numeric_limits<Integer>::is_specialized, boost::rational<Integer> >::type lcm(boost::rational<Integer> const &a, boost::rational<Integer> const &b)
+{
+   return boost::rational<Integer>(static_cast<Integer>(lcm(a.numerator(), b.numerator())), static_cast<Integer>(gcd(a.denominator(), b.denominator())));
+}
+/**
+ * Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming: Volume 2, Third edition, 1998
+ * Chapter 4.5.2, Algorithm C: Greatest common divisor of n integers.
+ *
+ * Knuth counts down from n to zero but we naturally go from first to last.
+ * We also return the termination position because it might be useful to know.
+ *
+ * Partly by quirk, partly by design, this algorithm is defined for n = 1,
+ * because the gcd of {x} is x. It is not defined for n = 0.
+ *
+ * @tparam  I   Input iterator.
+ * @return  The gcd of the range and the iterator position at termination.
+ */
+template <typename I>
+std::pair<typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type, I>
+gcd_range(I first, I last) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(I)
+{
+    BOOST_ASSERT(first != last);
+    typedef typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type T;
+
+    T d = *first;
+    ++first;
+    while (d != T(1) && first != last)
+    {
+        d = gcd(d, *first);
+        ++first;
+    }
+    return std::make_pair(d, first);
+}
+template <typename I>
+std::pair<typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type, I>
+lcm_range(I first, I last) BOOST_GCD_NOEXCEPT(I)
+{
+    BOOST_ASSERT(first != last);
+    typedef typename std::iterator_traits<I>::value_type T;
+
+    T d = *first;
+    ++first;
+    while (d != T(0) && first != last)
+    {
+        d = lcm(d, *first);
+        ++first;
+    }
+    return std::make_pair(d, first);
+}
+
+template < typename IntegerType >
+class gcd_evaluator
+#ifdef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_FUNCTIONAL
+   : public std::binary_function<IntegerType, IntegerType, IntegerType>
+#endif
+{
+public:
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_FUNCTIONAL
+   typedef IntegerType first_argument_type;
+   typedef IntegerType second_argument_type;
+   typedef IntegerType result_type;
+#endif
+   IntegerType operator()(IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b) const
+   {
+      return boost::integer::gcd(a, b);
+   }
+};
+
+template < typename IntegerType >
+class lcm_evaluator
+#ifdef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_FUNCTIONAL
+   : public std::binary_function<IntegerType, IntegerType, IntegerType>
+#endif
+{
+public:
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_FUNCTIONAL
+   typedef IntegerType first_argument_type;
+   typedef IntegerType second_argument_type;
+   typedef IntegerType result_type;
+#endif
+   IntegerType operator()(IntegerType const &a, IntegerType const &b)const
+   {
+      return boost::integer::lcm(a, b);
+   }
+};
+
+}  // namespace integer
+}  // namespace boost
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+#endif  // BOOST_INTEGER_COMMON_FACTOR_RT_HPP

include/boost/integer/extended_euclidean.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ *  (C) Copyright Nick Thompson 2018.
+ *  Use, modification and distribution are subject to the
+ *  Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+ *  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+ */
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_EXTENDED_EUCLIDEAN_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_EXTENDED_EUCLIDEAN_HPP
+#include <limits>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <boost/throw_exception.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/invoke_swap.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/enable_if.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace integer {
+
+// From "The Joy of Factoring", Algorithm 2.7, with a small optimization to remove tmps from Wikipedia.
+// Solves mx + ny = gcd(m,n). Returns tuple with (gcd(m,n), x, y).
+
+template<class Z>
+struct euclidean_result_t
+{
+    Z gcd;
+    Z x;
+    Z y;
+};
+
+template<class Z>
+typename boost::enable_if_c< std::numeric_limits< Z >::is_signed, euclidean_result_t< Z > >::type
+extended_euclidean(Z m, Z n)
+{
+    if (m < 1 || n < 1)
+    {
+        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::domain_error("extended_euclidean: arguments must be strictly positive"));
+    }
+
+    bool swapped = false;
+    if (m < n)
+    {
+        swapped = true;
+        boost::core::invoke_swap(m, n);
+    }
+    Z u0 = m;
+    Z u1 = 1;
+    Z u2 = 0;
+    Z v0 = n;
+    Z v1 = 0;
+    Z v2 = 1;
+    Z w0;
+    Z w1;
+    Z w2;
+    while(v0 > 0)
+    {
+        Z q = u0/v0;
+        w0 = u0 - q*v0;
+        w1 = u1 - q*v1;
+        w2 = u2 - q*v2;
+        u0 = v0;
+        u1 = v1;
+        u2 = v2;
+        v0 = w0;
+        v1 = w1;
+        v2 = w2;
+    }
+
+    euclidean_result_t< Z > result;
+    result.gcd = u0;
+    if (!swapped)
+    {
+        result.x = u1;
+        result.y = u2;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        result.x = u2;
+        result.y = u1;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+}}
+#endif

include/boost/integer/integer_log2.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+// -----------------------------------------------------------
+// integer_log2.hpp
+//
+//   Gives the integer part of the logarithm, in base 2, of a
+// given number. Behavior is undefined if the argument is <= 0.
+//
+//        Copyright (c) 2003-2004, 2008 Gennaro Prota
+//            Copyright (c) 2022 Andrey Semashev
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+//    (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//          https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+//
+// -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_INTEGER_LOG2_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_INTEGER_LOG2_HPP
+
+#include <climits>
+#include <limits>
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/assert.hpp>
+#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/bit.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/enable_if.hpp>
+#include <boost/type_traits/is_integral.hpp>
+#include <boost/type_traits/make_unsigned.hpp>
+
+namespace boost {
+namespace detail {
+
+// helper to find the maximum power of two
+// less than p
+template< unsigned int p, unsigned int n, bool = ((2u * n) < p) >
+struct max_pow2_less :
+    public max_pow2_less< p, 2u * n >
+{
+};
+
+template< unsigned int p, unsigned int n >
+struct max_pow2_less< p, n, false >
+{
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(unsigned int, value = n);
+};
+
+template< typename T >
+inline typename boost::disable_if< boost::is_integral< T >, int >::type integer_log2_impl(T x)
+{
+    unsigned int n = detail::max_pow2_less<
+        std::numeric_limits< T >::digits,
+        CHAR_BIT / 2u
+    >::value;
+
+    int result = 0;
+    while (x != 1)
+    {
+        T t(x >> n);
+        if (t)
+        {
+            result += static_cast< int >(n);
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_RVALUE_REFERENCES)
+            x = static_cast< T&& >(t);
+#else
+            x = t;
+#endif
+        }
+        n >>= 1u;
+    }
+
+    return result;
+}
+
+template< typename T >
+inline typename boost::enable_if< boost::is_integral< T >, int >::type integer_log2_impl(T x)
+{
+    // We could simply rely on numeric_limits but sometimes
+    // Borland tries to use numeric_limits<const T>, because
+    // of its usual const-related problems in argument deduction
+    // - gps
+    return static_cast< int >((sizeof(T) * CHAR_BIT - 1u) -
+        boost::core::countl_zero(static_cast< typename boost::make_unsigned< T >::type >(x)));
+}
+
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_INT128)
+// We need to provide explicit overloads for __int128 because (a) boost/core/bit.hpp currently does not support it and
+// (b) std::numeric_limits are not specialized for __int128 in some standard libraries.
+inline int integer_log2_impl(boost::uint128_type x)
+{
+    const boost::uint64_t x_hi = static_cast< boost::uint64_t >(x >> 64u);
+    if (x_hi != 0u)
+        return 127 - boost::core::countl_zero(x_hi);
+    else
+        return 63 - boost::core::countl_zero(static_cast< boost::uint64_t >(x));
+}
+
+inline int integer_log2_impl(boost::int128_type x)
+{
+    return detail::integer_log2_impl(static_cast< boost::uint128_type >(x));
+}
+#endif // defined(BOOST_HAS_INT128)
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+
+// ------------
+// integer_log2
+// ------------
+template< typename T >
+inline int integer_log2(T x)
+{
+    BOOST_ASSERT(x > 0);
+    return detail::integer_log2_impl(x);
+}
+
+} // namespace boost
+
+#endif // BOOST_INTEGER_INTEGER_LOG2_HPP

include/boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+//  Boost integer/integer_mask.hpp header file  ------------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Daryle Walker 2001.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for updates, documentation, and revision history. 
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_INTEGER_MASK_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_INTEGER_MASK_HPP
+
+#include <boost/integer_fwd.hpp>  // self include
+
+#include <boost/config.hpp>   // for BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>  // for boost::uint_t
+
+#include <climits>  // for UCHAR_MAX, etc.
+#include <cstddef>  // for std::size_t
+
+#include <boost/limits.hpp>  // for std::numeric_limits
+
+//
+// We simply cannot include this header on gcc without getting copious warnings of the kind:
+//
+// boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp:93:35: warning: use of C99 long long integer constant
+//
+// And yet there is no other reasonable implementation, so we declare this a system header
+// to suppress these warnings.
+//
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4)
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
+
+namespace boost
+{
+
+
+//  Specified single-bit mask class declaration  -----------------------------//
+//  (Lowest bit starts counting at 0.)
+
+template < std::size_t Bit >
+struct high_bit_mask_t
+{
+    typedef typename uint_t<(Bit + 1)>::least  least;
+    typedef typename uint_t<(Bit + 1)>::fast   fast;
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( least, high_bit = (least( 1u ) << Bit) );
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( fast, high_bit_fast = (fast( 1u ) << Bit) );
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( std::size_t, bit_position = Bit );
+
+};  // boost::high_bit_mask_t
+
+
+//  Specified bit-block mask class declaration  ------------------------------//
+//  Makes masks for the lowest N bits
+//  (Specializations are needed when N fills up a type.)
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable:4310)  // cast truncates constant value
+#endif
+
+template < std::size_t Bits >
+struct low_bits_mask_t
+{
+    typedef typename uint_t<Bits>::least  least;
+    typedef typename uint_t<Bits>::fast   fast;
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( least, sig_bits = least(~(least(~(least( 0u ))) << Bits )) );
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( fast, sig_bits_fast = fast(sig_bits) );
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( std::size_t, bit_count = Bits );
+
+};  // boost::low_bits_mask_t
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+#define BOOST_LOW_BITS_MASK_SPECIALIZE( Type )                                  \
+  template <  >  struct low_bits_mask_t< std::numeric_limits<Type>::digits >  { \
+      typedef std::numeric_limits<Type>           limits_type;                  \
+      typedef uint_t<limits_type::digits>::least  least;                        \
+      typedef uint_t<limits_type::digits>::fast   fast;                         \
+      BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( least, sig_bits = (~( least(0u) )) );              \
+      BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( fast, sig_bits_fast = fast(sig_bits) );            \
+      BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT( std::size_t, bit_count = limits_type::digits );    \
+  }
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable:4245)  // 'initializing' : conversion from 'int' to 'const boost::low_bits_mask_t<8>::least', signed/unsigned mismatch
+#endif
+
+BOOST_LOW_BITS_MASK_SPECIALIZE( unsigned char );
+
+#if USHRT_MAX > UCHAR_MAX
+BOOST_LOW_BITS_MASK_SPECIALIZE( unsigned short );
+#endif
+
+#if UINT_MAX > USHRT_MAX
+BOOST_LOW_BITS_MASK_SPECIALIZE( unsigned int );
+#endif
+
+#if ULONG_MAX > UINT_MAX
+BOOST_LOW_BITS_MASK_SPECIALIZE( unsigned long );
+#endif
+
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+    #if ((defined(ULLONG_MAX) && (ULLONG_MAX > ULONG_MAX)) ||\
+        (defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX) && (ULONG_LONG_MAX > ULONG_MAX)) ||\
+        (defined(ULONGLONG_MAX) && (ULONGLONG_MAX > ULONG_MAX)) ||\
+        (defined(_ULLONG_MAX) && (_ULLONG_MAX > ULONG_MAX)))
+    BOOST_LOW_BITS_MASK_SPECIALIZE( boost::ulong_long_type );
+    #endif
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+    #if 18446744073709551615ui64 > ULONG_MAX
+    BOOST_LOW_BITS_MASK_SPECIALIZE( unsigned __int64 );
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(pop)
+#endif
+
+#undef BOOST_LOW_BITS_MASK_SPECIALIZE
+
+
+}  // namespace boost
+
+
+#endif  // BOOST_INTEGER_INTEGER_MASK_HPP

include/boost/integer/mod_inverse.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*
+ *  (C) Copyright Nick Thompson 2018.
+ *  Use, modification and distribution are subject to the
+ *  Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+ *  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+ */
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_MOD_INVERSE_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_MOD_INVERSE_HPP
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <boost/throw_exception.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer/extended_euclidean.hpp>
+
+namespace boost { namespace integer {
+
+// From "The Joy of Factoring", Algorithm 2.7.
+// Here's some others names I've found for this function:
+// PowerMod[a, -1, m] (Mathematica)
+// mpz_invert (gmplib)
+// modinv (some dude on stackoverflow)
+// Would mod_inverse be sometimes mistaken as the modular *additive* inverse?
+// In any case, I think this is the best name we can get for this function without agonizing.
+template<class Z>
+Z mod_inverse(Z a, Z modulus)
+{
+    if (modulus < Z(2))
+    {
+        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(std::domain_error("mod_inverse: modulus must be > 1"));
+    }
+    // make sure a < modulus:
+    a = a % modulus;
+    if (a == Z(0))
+    {
+        // a doesn't have a modular multiplicative inverse:
+        return Z(0);
+    }
+    boost::integer::euclidean_result_t<Z> u = boost::integer::extended_euclidean(a, modulus);
+    if (u.gcd > Z(1))
+    {
+        return Z(0);
+    }
+    // x might not be in the range 0 < x < m, let's fix that:
+    while (u.x <= Z(0))
+    {
+        u.x += modulus;
+    }
+    // While indeed this is an inexpensive and comforting check,
+    // the multiplication overflows and hence makes the check itself buggy.
+    //BOOST_ASSERT(u.x*a % modulus == 1);
+    return u.x;
+}
+
+}}
+#endif

include/boost/integer/static_log2.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// -------------- Boost static_log2.hpp header file  ----------------------- //
+//
+//                 Copyright (C) 2001 Daryle Walker.
+//                 Copyright (C) 2003 Vesa Karvonen.
+//                 Copyright (C) 2003 Gennaro Prota.
+//
+//     Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+//        (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//              https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+//
+//         ---------------------------------------------------
+//       See https://www.boost.org/libs/integer for documentation.
+// ------------------------------------------------------------------------- //
+
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_STATIC_LOG2_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_STATIC_LOG2_HPP
+
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer_fwd.hpp>
+
+namespace boost {
+
+ namespace detail {
+
+     namespace static_log2_impl {
+
+     // choose_initial_n<>
+     //
+     // Recursively doubles its integer argument, until it
+     // becomes >= of the "width" (C99, 6.2.6.2p4) of
+     // static_log2_argument_type.
+     //
+     // Used to get the maximum power of two less then the width.
+     //
+     // Example: if on your platform argument_type has 48 value
+     //          bits it yields n=32.
+     //
+     // It's easy to prove that, starting from such a value
+     // of n, the core algorithm works correctly for any width
+     // of static_log2_argument_type and that recursion always
+     // terminates with x = 1 and n = 0 (see the algorithm's
+     // invariant).
+
+     typedef boost::static_log2_argument_type argument_type;
+     typedef boost::static_log2_result_type result_type;
+
+     template <result_type n>
+     struct choose_initial_n {
+
+         BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, c = (argument_type(1) << n << n) != 0);
+         BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(
+             result_type,
+             value = !c*n + choose_initial_n<2*c*n>::value
+         );
+
+     };
+
+     template <>
+     struct choose_initial_n<0> {
+         BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(result_type, value = 0);
+     };
+
+
+
+     // start computing from n_zero - must be a power of two
+     const result_type n_zero = 16;
+     const result_type initial_n = choose_initial_n<n_zero>::value;
+
+     // static_log2_impl<>
+     //
+     // * Invariant:
+     //                 2n
+     //  1 <= x && x < 2    at the start of each recursion
+     //                     (see also choose_initial_n<>)
+     //
+     // * Type requirements:
+     //
+     //   argument_type maybe any unsigned type with at least n_zero + 1
+     //   value bits. (Note: If larger types will be standardized -e.g.
+     //   unsigned long long- then the argument_type typedef can be
+     //   changed without affecting the rest of the code.)
+     //
+
+     template <argument_type x, result_type n = initial_n>
+     struct static_log2_impl {
+
+         BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, c = (x >> n) > 0); // x >= 2**n ?
+         BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(
+             result_type,
+             value = c*n + (static_log2_impl< (x>>c*n), n/2 >::value)
+         );
+
+     };
+
+     template <>
+     struct static_log2_impl<1, 0> {
+        BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(result_type, value = 0);
+     };
+
+     }
+ } // detail
+
+
+
+ // --------------------------------------
+ // static_log2<x>
+ // ----------------------------------------
+
+ template <static_log2_argument_type x>
+ struct static_log2 {
+
+     BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(
+         static_log2_result_type,
+         value = detail::static_log2_impl::static_log2_impl<x>::value
+     );
+
+ };
+
+
+ template <>
+ struct static_log2<0> { };
+
+}
+
+#endif // include guard

include/boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+//  Boost integer/static_min_max.hpp header file  ----------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Daryle Walker 2001.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for updates, documentation, and revision history. 
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_STATIC_MIN_MAX_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_STATIC_MIN_MAX_HPP
+
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer_fwd.hpp>  // self include
+
+namespace boost
+{
+
+//  Compile-time extrema class declarations  ---------------------------------//
+//  Get the minimum or maximum of two values, signed or unsigned.
+
+template <static_min_max_signed_type Value1, static_min_max_signed_type Value2>
+struct static_signed_min
+{
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(static_min_max_signed_type, value = (Value1 > Value2) ? Value2 : Value1 );
+};
+
+template <static_min_max_signed_type Value1, static_min_max_signed_type Value2>
+struct static_signed_max
+{
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(static_min_max_signed_type, value = (Value1 < Value2) ? Value2 : Value1 );
+};
+
+template <static_min_max_unsigned_type Value1, static_min_max_unsigned_type Value2>
+struct static_unsigned_min
+{
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(static_min_max_unsigned_type, value
+     = (Value1 > Value2) ? Value2 : Value1 );
+};
+
+template <static_min_max_unsigned_type Value1, static_min_max_unsigned_type Value2>
+struct static_unsigned_max
+{
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(static_min_max_unsigned_type, value
+     = (Value1 < Value2) ? Value2 : Value1 );
+};
+
+
+}  // namespace boost
+
+
+#endif  // BOOST_INTEGER_STATIC_MIN_MAX_HPP

include/boost/integer_fwd.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+//  Boost integer_fwd.hpp header file  ---------------------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Dave Abrahams and Daryle Walker 2001. Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org/libs/integer for documentation.
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_FWD_HPP
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_FWD_HPP
+
+#include <climits>  // for UCHAR_MAX, etc.
+#include <cstddef>  // for std::size_t
+
+#include <boost/config.hpp>  // for BOOST_NO_INTRINSIC_WCHAR_T
+#include <boost/limits.hpp>  // for std::numeric_limits
+#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>  // For intmax_t
+
+
+namespace boost
+{
+
+#ifdef BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T
+     typedef unsigned long static_log2_argument_type;
+     typedef          int  static_log2_result_type;
+     typedef long          static_min_max_signed_type;
+     typedef unsigned long static_min_max_unsigned_type;
+#else
+     typedef boost::uintmax_t static_min_max_unsigned_type;
+     typedef boost::intmax_t  static_min_max_signed_type;
+     typedef boost::uintmax_t static_log2_argument_type;
+     typedef int              static_log2_result_type;
+#endif
+
+//  From <boost/cstdint.hpp>  ------------------------------------------------//
+
+// Only has typedefs or using statements, with #conditionals
+
+
+//  From <boost/integer_traits.hpp>  -----------------------------------------//
+
+template < class T >
+    class integer_traits;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< bool >;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< char >;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< signed char >;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< unsigned char >;
+
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_INTRINSIC_WCHAR_T
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< wchar_t >;
+#endif
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< short >;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< unsigned short >;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< int >;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< unsigned int >;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< long >;
+
+template <  >
+    class integer_traits< unsigned long >;
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+template <  >
+class integer_traits<  ::boost::long_long_type>;
+
+template <  >
+class integer_traits<  ::boost::ulong_long_type >;
+#elif !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+template <  >
+class integer_traits<__int64>;
+
+template <  >
+class integer_traits<unsigned __int64>;
+#endif
+
+
+//  From <boost/integer.hpp>  ------------------------------------------------//
+
+template < typename LeastInt >
+    struct int_fast_t;
+
+template< int Bits >
+    struct int_t;
+
+template< int Bits >
+    struct uint_t;
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+    template< boost::long_long_type MaxValue >   // maximum value to require support
+#else
+  template< long MaxValue >   // maximum value to require support
+#endif
+    struct int_max_value_t;
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+  template< boost::long_long_type MinValue >   // minimum value to require support
+#else
+  template< long MinValue >   // minimum value to require support
+#endif
+    struct int_min_value_t;
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+  template< boost::ulong_long_type MaxValue >   // maximum value to require support
+#else
+  template< unsigned long MaxValue >   // maximum value to require support
+#endif
+    struct uint_value_t;
+
+
+//  From <boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp>  -----------------------------------//
+
+template < std::size_t Bit >
+    struct high_bit_mask_t;
+
+template < std::size_t Bits >
+    struct low_bits_mask_t;
+
+template <  >
+    struct low_bits_mask_t< ::std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::digits >;
+
+//  From <boost/integer/static_log2.hpp>  ------------------------------------//
+
+template <static_log2_argument_type Value >
+    struct static_log2;
+
+template <> struct static_log2<0u>;
+
+
+//  From <boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp>  ---------------------------------//
+
+template <static_min_max_signed_type Value1, static_min_max_signed_type Value2>
+    struct static_signed_min;
+
+template <static_min_max_signed_type Value1, static_min_max_signed_type Value2>
+    struct static_signed_max;
+
+template <static_min_max_unsigned_type Value1, static_min_max_unsigned_type Value2>
+    struct static_unsigned_min;
+
+template <static_min_max_unsigned_type Value1, static_min_max_unsigned_type Value2>
+    struct static_unsigned_max;
+
+
+namespace integer
+{
+//  From <boost/integer/common_factor_ct.hpp>
+
+#ifdef BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T
+     typedef unsigned long static_gcd_type;
+#else
+     typedef boost::uintmax_t static_gcd_type;
+#endif
+
+template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 >
+    struct static_gcd;
+template < static_gcd_type Value1, static_gcd_type Value2 >
+    struct static_lcm;
+
+
+//  From <boost/integer/common_factor_rt.hpp>
+
+template < typename IntegerType >
+    class gcd_evaluator;
+template < typename IntegerType >
+    class lcm_evaluator;
+
+} // namespace integer
+
+}  // namespace boost
+
+
+#endif  // BOOST_INTEGER_FWD_HPP

include/boost/integer_traits.hpp

@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
 /* boost integer_traits.hpp header file
  *
  * Copyright Jens Maurer 2000
- * Permission to use, copy, modify, sell, and distribute this software
- * is hereby granted without fee provided that the above copyright notice
- * appears in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this
- * permission notice appear in supporting documentation,
- *
- * Jens Maurer makes no representations about the suitability of this
- * software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or
- * implied warranty.
+ * Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+ * accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+ * https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
  *
  * $Id$
  *
  * Idea by Beman Dawes, Ed Brey, Steve Cleary, and Nathan Myers
  */
 
+//  See https://www.boost.org/libs/integer for documentation.
+
+
 #ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_TRAITS_HPP
 #define BOOST_INTEGER_TRAITS_HPP
 
@@ -23,10 +21,23 @@
 
 // These are an implementation detail and not part of the interface
 #include <limits.h>
-#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTRINSIC_WCHAR_T) && !defined(BOOST_NO_CWCHAR)
+// we need wchar.h for WCHAR_MAX/MIN but not all platforms provide it,
+// and some may have <wchar.h> but not <cwchar> ...
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTRINSIC_WCHAR_T) && (!defined(BOOST_NO_CWCHAR) || defined(sun) || defined(__sun) || defined(__QNX__))
 #include <wchar.h>
 #endif
 
+//
+// We simply cannot include this header on gcc without getting copious warnings of the kind:
+//
+// ../../../boost/integer_traits.hpp:164:66: warning: use of C99 long long integer constant
+//
+// And yet there is no other reasonable implementation, so we declare this a system header
+// to suppress these warnings.
+//
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4)
+#pragma GCC system_header
+#endif
 
 namespace boost {
 template<class T>
@@ -47,7 +58,10 @@ public:
 };
 
 #ifndef BOOST_NO_INCLASS_MEMBER_INITIALIZATION
-//  The definition is required even for integral static constants
+//  A definition is required even for integral static constants
+template<class T, T min_val, T max_val>
+const bool integer_traits_base<T, min_val, max_val>::is_integral;
+
 template<class T, T min_val, T max_val>
 const T integer_traits_base<T, min_val, max_val>::const_min;
 
@@ -85,21 +99,26 @@ class integer_traits<unsigned char>
 template<>
 class integer_traits<wchar_t>
   : public std::numeric_limits<wchar_t>,
-#if defined(WCHAR_MIN) && defined(WCHAR_MAX)
+    // Don't trust WCHAR_MIN and WCHAR_MAX with Mac OS X's native
+    // library: they are wrong!
+#if defined(WCHAR_MIN) && defined(WCHAR_MAX) && !defined(__APPLE__)
     public detail::integer_traits_base<wchar_t, WCHAR_MIN, WCHAR_MAX>
-#elif defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || (defined(__BEOS__) && defined(__GNUC__))
+#elif defined(BOOST_BORLANDC) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(__MINGW32__) || (defined(__BEOS__) && defined(__GNUC__))
     // No WCHAR_MIN and WCHAR_MAX, whar_t is short and unsigned:
     public detail::integer_traits_base<wchar_t, 0, 0xffff>
-#elif (defined(__sgi) && (!defined(__SGI_STL_PORT) || __SGI_STL_PORT < 0x400)) || (defined __APPLE__)
+#elif (defined(__sgi) && (!defined(__SGI_STL_PORT) || __SGI_STL_PORT < 0x400))\
+    || (defined __APPLE__)\
+    || (defined(__OpenBSD__) && defined(__GNUC__))\
+    || (defined(__NetBSD__) && defined(__GNUC__))\
+    || (defined(__FreeBSD__) && defined(__GNUC__))\
+    || (defined(__DragonFly__) && defined(__GNUC__))\
+    || (defined(__hpux) && defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ == 3) && !defined(__SGI_STL_PORT))
     // No WCHAR_MIN and WCHAR_MAX, wchar_t has the same range as int.
-    // SGI MIPSpro with native library is one case like this.
-    // Mac OS X with native library is another.
+    //  - SGI MIPSpro with native library
+    //  - gcc 3.x on HP-UX
+    //  - Mac OS X with native library
+    //  - gcc on FreeBSD, OpenBSD and NetBSD
     public detail::integer_traits_base<wchar_t, INT_MIN, INT_MAX>
-#elif defined(__hpux) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__SGI_STL_PORT)
-    // No WCHAR_MIN and WCHAR_MAX, wchar_t has the same range as unsigned int.
-    // HP-UX GCC 2.95.2 is a case like this
-    // (also, std::numeric_limits<wchar_t> appears to return the wrong values).
-    public detail::integer_traits_base<wchar_t, 0, UINT_MAX>
 #else
 #error No WCHAR_MIN and WCHAR_MAX present, please adjust integer_traits<> for your compiler.
 #endif
@@ -142,42 +161,96 @@ class integer_traits<unsigned long>
     public detail::integer_traits_base<unsigned long, 0, ULONG_MAX>
 { };
 
-#if defined(ULLONG_MAX) && !defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T)
+#if defined(ULLONG_MAX) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+
 template<>
-class integer_traits<long long>
-  : public std::numeric_limits<long long>,
-    public detail::integer_traits_base<long long, LLONG_MIN, LLONG_MAX>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::long_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::long_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::long_long_type, LLONG_MIN, LLONG_MAX>
 { };
+
 template<>
-class integer_traits<unsigned long long>
-  : public std::numeric_limits<unsigned long long>,
-    public detail::integer_traits_base<unsigned long long, 0, ULLONG_MAX>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::ulong_long_type, 0, ULLONG_MAX>
 { };
-#elif defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX)
+
+#elif defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+
 template<>
-class integer_traits<long long>
-  : public std::numeric_limits<long long>,
-    public detail::integer_traits_base<long long, LONG_LONG_MIN, LONG_LONG_MAX>
-{ };
+class integer_traits< ::boost::long_long_type>  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::long_long_type>,    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::long_long_type, LONG_LONG_MIN, LONG_LONG_MAX>{ };
 template<>
-class integer_traits<unsigned long long>
-  : public std::numeric_limits<unsigned long long>,
-    public detail::integer_traits_base<unsigned long long, 0, ULONG_LONG_MAX>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::ulong_long_type, 0, ULONG_LONG_MAX>
 { };
-#elif defined(ULONGLONG_MAX) && !defined(BOOST_MSVC) && !defined(__BORLANDC__)
+
+#elif defined(ULONGLONG_MAX) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+
 template<>
-class integer_traits<long long>
-  : public std::numeric_limits<long long>,
-    public detail::integer_traits_base<long long, LONGLONG_MIN, LONGLONG_MAX>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::long_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::long_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::long_long_type, LONGLONG_MIN, LONGLONG_MAX>
 { };
+
 template<>
-class integer_traits<unsigned long long>
-  : public std::numeric_limits<unsigned long long>,
-    public detail::integer_traits_base<unsigned long long, 0, ULONGLONG_MAX>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::ulong_long_type, 0, ULONGLONG_MAX>
 { };
+
+#elif defined(_LLONG_MAX) && defined(_C2) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+
+template<>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::long_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::long_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::long_long_type, -_LLONG_MAX - _C2, _LLONG_MAX>
+{ };
+
+template<>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::ulong_long_type, 0, _ULLONG_MAX>
+{ };
+
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+//
+// we have long long but no constants, this happens for example with gcc in -ansi mode,
+// we'll just have to work out the values for ourselves (assumes 2's compliment representation):
+//
+template<>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::long_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::long_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::long_long_type, (1LL << (sizeof(::boost::long_long_type) * CHAR_BIT - 1)), ~(1LL << (sizeof(::boost::long_long_type) * CHAR_BIT - 1))>
+{ };
+
+template<>
+class integer_traits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< ::boost::ulong_long_type>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< ::boost::ulong_long_type, 0, ~0uLL>
+{ };
+
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+
+template<>
+class integer_traits< __int64>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< __int64>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< __int64, _I64_MIN, _I64_MAX>
+{ };
+
+template<>
+class integer_traits< unsigned __int64>
+  : public std::numeric_limits< unsigned __int64>,
+    public detail::integer_traits_base< unsigned __int64, 0, _UI64_MAX>
+{ };
+
+#endif
 #endif
 
 } // namespace boost
 
 #endif /* BOOST_INTEGER_TRAITS_HPP */
 
+
+

include/boost/pending/integer_log2.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef BOOST_PENDING_INTEGER_LOG2_HPP
+#define BOOST_PENDING_INTEGER_LOG2_HPP
+
+#include <boost/integer/integer_log2.hpp>
+#include <boost/config/header_deprecated.hpp>
+
+BOOST_HEADER_DEPRECATED("<boost/integer/integer_log2.hpp>");
+
+#endif

index.htm

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-<html>
-
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en-us">
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
-<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 4.0">
-<meta name="ProgId" content="FrontPage.Editor.Document">
-<title>Boost Integer Library</title>
-</head>
-
-<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
-
-<table border="1" bgcolor="#007F7F" cellpadding="2">
-  <tr>
-    <td bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)" width="277" height="86"></td>
-    <td><a href="../../index.htm"><font face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><big>Home </big></font></a></td>
-    <td><a href="../libraries.htm"><font face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><big>Libraries </big></font></a></td>
-    <td><a href="../../people/people.htm"><font face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><big>People </big></font></a></td>
-    <td><a href="../../more/faq.htm"><font face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><big>FAQ </big></font></a></td>
-    <td><a href="../../more/index.htm"><font face="Arial" color="#FFFFFF"><big>More </big></font></a></td>
-  </tr>
-</table>
-
-<h1>Boost Integer Library</h1>
-
-<table border="1" cellpadding="5">
-  <tr>
-    <td align="center"><b><i>Header / Docs</i></b></td>
-    <td align="center"><b><i>Contents</i></b></td>
-    <td align="center"><b><i>Use</i></b></td>
-  </tr>
-  <tr>
-    <td align="center"><code><a href="../../boost/cstdint.hpp">&lt;boost/cstdint.hpp&gt;<br>
-      </a></code><a href="cstdint.htm"><br>
-      documentation</a>
-    </td>
-    <td valign="top">Typedef's based on the 1999 C Standard header &lt;<code>stdint.h&gt;</code>, wrapped in namespace boost.
-      This implementation may #include the compiler
-      supplied &lt;<code>stdint.h&gt;</code>, if present.  </td>
-    <td valign="top">Supplies typedefs for standard integer types such as <code> int32_t</code> or <code>uint_least16_t</code>.
-      Use in preference to &lt;<code>stdint.h&gt;</code>
-      for enhanced portability.  Furthermore, all names are safely placed in the boost namespace.</td>
-  </tr>
-  <tr>
-    <td align="center"><code><a href="../../boost/integer_traits.hpp">&lt;boost/integer_traits.hpp&gt;</a></code><br>
-    <br>
-    <a href="integer_traits.html">documentation</a>
-    </td>
-    <td valign="top">Template class <code>boost::integer_traits</code>, derived from <code>std::numeric_limits</code>.&nbsp;
-      Adds <code>const_min</code> and <code>const_max</code> members.</td>
-    <td valign="top">Use to obtain the characteristics of a known integer type.</td>
-  </tr>
-  <tr>
-    <td align="center"><code><a href="../../boost/integer.hpp">&lt;boost/integer.hpp&gt;</a><br>
-      <br>
-      </code><a href="integer.htm">documentation</a></td>
-    <td valign="top">Templates for integer type selection based on properties such as
-      maximum value or number of bits.</td>
-    <td valign="top">Use to select the type an integer when some property such as maximum value or number of bits is known.
-      Useful for generic programming. </td>
-  </tr>
-</table>
-
-<h2>Rationale</h2>
-<p>The organization of boost integer headers and classes is designed to take
-advantage of <code>&lt;stdint.h&gt;</code> types from the 1999 C standard
-without resorting to undefined behavior in terms of
-the 1998 C++ standard.&nbsp; The header <code>&lt;boost/cstdint.hpp&gt;</code>
-makes the standard integer types safely available in namespace boost without placing any names in namespace std. As always, the intension is to complement rather than
-compete with the C++ Standard Library.&nbsp; Should some future C++ standard
-include <code>&lt;stdint.h&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;cstdint&gt;</code>, then <code>&lt;boost/cstdint.hpp&gt;</code>
-will continue to function, but will become redundant and may be safely deprecated.</p>
-<p>Because these are boost headers, their names conform to boost header naming
-conventions rather than C++ Standard Library header naming conventions.
-
-<h2>Caveat emptor</h2>
-<p>As an
-      implementation artifact, certain C &lt;limits.h&gt; macro names may possibly be
-visible to users of &lt;boost/cstdint.hpp&gt;.&nbsp; Don't use these macros; they are not part of
-any Boost specified interface.&nbsp;
-      Use boost:: integer_traits&lt;&gt; or std::numeric_limits&lt;&gt; instead.</p>
-
-<p>
-As another implementation artifact, certain C
-<code>&lt;stdint.h&gt;</code> typedef names may possibly be visible in the
-global namespace to users of <code>&lt;boost/cstdint.hpp&gt;</code>.
-Don't use these names, they are not part of any Boost specified
-interface.  Use the respective names in namespace <code>boost</code>
-instead.
-
-<hr>
-
-<p>Revised: <!--webbot bot="Timestamp" S-Type="EDITED" S-Format="%d %b %Y" startspan -->19 Aug 2001<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" endspan i-checksum="14767" -->
-</p>
-
-</body>
-
-</html>

index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; URL=doc/html/index.html">
+</head>
+<body>
+Automatic redirection failed, please go to
+<a href="doc/html/index.html">doc/html/index.html</a>.
+      <P>Copyright Beman Dawes, Daryle Walker, Gennaro Prota and John Maddock 2001-2009</P>
+      <P>Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file <A href="../../LICENSE_1_0.txt">
+            LICENSE_1_0.txt</A> or copy at <A href="https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt">www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</A>).</P>
+</body>
+</html>
+
+
+
+

integer.htm

@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-<html>
-
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
-<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 4.0">
-<meta name="ProgId" content="FrontPage.Editor.Document">
-<title>Integer Type Selection Templates</title>
-</head>
-
-<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
-
-<h1><img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)" align="center" width="277" height="86">Integer
-Type Selection Templates</h1>
-<p>The <code><a href="../../boost/integer.hpp">&lt;boost/integer.hpp&gt;</a></code>
-type selection templates allow integer types to be selected based on desired
-characteristics such as number of bits or maximum value.&nbsp; This facility is
-particularly useful for solving generic programming problems.</p>
-
-<p>The templates <b>int_t&lt;&gt;</b> and <b>uint_t&lt;&gt;</b> supply typedefs <b>least</b>
-and <b>fast</b>.&nbsp; The <b>least</b> type be the smallest type which holds at
-least the number of bits (including sign) specified. The <b>fast</b> type will
-be at least as large as the <b>least</b> type, but may possible be larger.&nbsp;
-There is no guarantee that the <b>fast</b> type will actually be faster than
-other possible types.</p>
-
-<h2>Alternative</h2>
-
-<p>If the number of bits required is known beforehand, it may be more
-appropriate to use the types supplied in <code><a href="../../boost/cstdint.hpp">&lt;boost/cstdint.hpp&gt;</a></code>.</p>
-
-<h2>Synopsis</h2>
-
-<blockquote>
-<pre>namespace boost
-{
-  //  fast integers from least integers
-  // int_fast_t&lt;&gt; works correctly for unsigned too, in spite of the name.
-  template&lt; typename LeastInt &gt;  // Required: LeastInt is integral type, not bool
-  struct int_fast_t { typedef LeastInt fast; }; // implementations may specialize
-
-  //  signed
-  template&lt; int Bits &gt;   // bits (including sign) required, 0-32 valid
-  struct int_t 
-  {
-      typedef <i>implementation-supplied</i>  least;
-      typedef int_fast_t&lt;least&gt;::fast  fast;
-  };
-
-  //  unsigned
-  template&lt; int Bits &gt;   // bits required, 0-32 valid
-  struct uint_t 
-  {
-      typedef <i>implementation-supplied</i>  least;
-      typedef int_fast_t&lt;least&gt;::fast  fast;
-      // int_fast_t&lt;&gt; works correctly for unsigned too, in spite of the name.
-  };
-} // namespace boost
-</pre>
-
-</blockquote>
-<p>[Templates to select type based on maximum value are under development.]
-</p>
-
-<h2>Example</h2>
-
-<blockquote>
-  <pre>#include &lt;boost/integer.hpp&gt;
-using boost::int_t;
-
-...
-int_t&lt;24&gt;::least my_var;  </pre>
-
-</blockquote>
-<h2>Demonstration Program</h2>
-
-<p>The program <a href="integer_test.cpp">integer_test.cpp</a> is a not very
-smart demonstration of the results from instantiating various <b>int_t&lt;&gt;</b>
-and <b>uint_t&lt;&gt;</b> examples.</p>
-
-<h2>Rationale</h2>
-
-<p>The rationale for the design of the templates in this header includes:</p>
-
-<ul>
-  <li>Avoid&nbsp; recursion because of concern about C++'s limited guaranteed
-    recursion depth (17).</li>
-  <li>Avoid macros on general principles.</li>
-  <li>Try to keep the design as simple as possible.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h2>Credits</h2>
-
-<p>The author of the Boost integer type choosing templates is <a href="../../people/beman_dawes.html">Beman
-Dawes</a>.&nbsp; He thanks to <a href="../../people/valentin_bonnard.htm"> Valentin Bonnard</a> and
-<a href="../../people/kevlin_henney.htm"> Kevlin Henney</a> for sharing their designs for  similar templates.</p>
-
-<hr>
-
-<p>Revised&nbsp; August 31, 1999</p>
-
-<p><EFBFBD> Copyright Beman Dawes 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell
-and distribute this document is granted provided this copyright notice appears in all
-copies. This document is provided &quot;as is&quot; without express or implied warranty,
-and with no claim as to its suitability for any purpose.</p>
-
-<p></p>
-
-<p>&nbsp;</p>
-
-</body>
-
-</html>

integer_test.cpp

@@ -1,321 +0,0 @@
-//  boost integer.hpp test program  ------------------------------------------//
-
-//  (C) Copyright Beman Dawes 1999. Permission to copy, use, modify, sell
-//  and distribute this software is granted provided this copyright
-//  notice appears in all copies. This software is provided "as is" without
-//  express or implied warranty, and with no claim as to its suitability for
-//  any purpose.
-
-//  See http://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
-
-//  Revision History
-//   10 Mar 01  Boost Test Library now used for tests (Beman Dawes)
-//   31 Aug 99  Initial version
-
-#include <iostream>
-#include <boost/integer.hpp>
-
-#define BOOST_INCLUDE_MAIN
-#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
-
-namespace
-{
-    void test( long ) { std::cout << "long\n"; }
-    void test( int ) { std::cout << "int\n"; }
-    void test( short ) { std::cout << "short\n"; }
-    void test( signed char ) { std::cout << "signed char\n"; }
-    void test( unsigned long ) { std::cout << "unsigned long\n"; }
-    void test( unsigned int ) { std::cout << "unsigned int\n"; }
-    void test( unsigned short ) { std::cout << "unsigned short\n"; }
-    void test( unsigned char ) { std::cout << "unsigned char\n"; }
-} // unnamed namespace
-
-// just to prove it works, specialize int_fast_t<short> to yield long
-namespace boost
-{
-    template<> struct int_fast_t<short> { typedef long fast; };
-}
-
-int test_main(int,char**)
-{
-#ifndef BOOST_NO_USING_TEMPLATE
-     using boost::int_t;
-     using boost::uint_t;
-#else
-     using namespace boost;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef BOOST_SHOW_TYPES
-     std::cout << 32 << ' '; test( int_t<32>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 31 << ' '; test( int_t<31>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 30 << ' '; test( int_t<30>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 29 << ' '; test( int_t<29>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 28 << ' '; test( int_t<28>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 27 << ' '; test( int_t<27>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 26 << ' '; test( int_t<26>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 25 << ' '; test( int_t<25>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 24 << ' '; test( int_t<24>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 23 << ' '; test( int_t<23>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 22 << ' '; test( int_t<22>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 21 << ' '; test( int_t<21>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 20 << ' '; test( int_t<20>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 19 << ' '; test( int_t<19>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 18 << ' '; test( int_t<18>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 17 << ' '; test( int_t<17>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 16 << ' '; test( int_t<16>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 15 << ' '; test( int_t<15>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 14 << ' '; test( int_t<14>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 13 << ' '; test( int_t<13>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 12 << ' '; test( int_t<12>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 11 << ' '; test( int_t<11>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 10 << ' '; test( int_t<10>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 9 << ' '; test( int_t<9>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 8 << ' '; test( int_t<8>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 7 << ' '; test( int_t<7>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 6 << ' '; test( int_t<6>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 5 << ' '; test( int_t<5>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 4 << ' '; test( int_t<4>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 3 << ' '; test( int_t<3>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 2 << ' '; test( int_t<2>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 1 << ' '; test( int_t<1>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 0 << ' '; test( int_t<0>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 32 << ' '; test( int_t<32>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 31 << ' '; test( int_t<31>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 30 << ' '; test( int_t<30>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 29 << ' '; test( int_t<29>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 28 << ' '; test( int_t<28>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 27 << ' '; test( int_t<27>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 26 << ' '; test( int_t<26>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 25 << ' '; test( int_t<25>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 24 << ' '; test( int_t<24>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 23 << ' '; test( int_t<23>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 22 << ' '; test( int_t<22>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 21 << ' '; test( int_t<21>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 20 << ' '; test( int_t<20>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 19 << ' '; test( int_t<19>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 18 << ' '; test( int_t<18>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 17 << ' '; test( int_t<17>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 16 << ' '; test( int_t<16>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 15 << ' '; test( int_t<15>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 14 << ' '; test( int_t<14>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 13 << ' '; test( int_t<13>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 12 << ' '; test( int_t<12>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 11 << ' '; test( int_t<11>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 10 << ' '; test( int_t<10>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 9 << ' '; test( int_t<9>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 8 << ' '; test( int_t<8>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 7 << ' '; test( int_t<7>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 6 << ' '; test( int_t<6>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 5 << ' '; test( int_t<5>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 4 << ' '; test( int_t<4>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 3 << ' '; test( int_t<3>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 2 << ' '; test( int_t<2>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 1 << ' '; test( int_t<1>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 0 << ' '; test( int_t<0>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 32 << ' '; test( uint_t<32>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 31 << ' '; test( uint_t<31>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 30 << ' '; test( uint_t<30>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 29 << ' '; test( uint_t<29>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 28 << ' '; test( uint_t<28>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 27 << ' '; test( uint_t<27>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 26 << ' '; test( uint_t<26>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 25 << ' '; test( uint_t<25>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 24 << ' '; test( uint_t<24>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 23 << ' '; test( uint_t<23>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 22 << ' '; test( uint_t<22>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 21 << ' '; test( uint_t<21>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 20 << ' '; test( uint_t<20>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 19 << ' '; test( uint_t<19>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 18 << ' '; test( uint_t<18>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 17 << ' '; test( uint_t<17>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 16 << ' '; test( uint_t<16>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 15 << ' '; test( uint_t<15>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 14 << ' '; test( uint_t<14>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 13 << ' '; test( uint_t<13>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 12 << ' '; test( uint_t<12>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 11 << ' '; test( uint_t<11>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 10 << ' '; test( uint_t<10>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 9 << ' '; test( uint_t<9>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 8 << ' '; test( uint_t<8>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 7 << ' '; test( uint_t<7>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 6 << ' '; test( uint_t<6>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 5 << ' '; test( uint_t<5>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 4 << ' '; test( uint_t<4>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 3 << ' '; test( uint_t<3>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 2 << ' '; test( uint_t<2>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 1 << ' '; test( uint_t<1>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 0 << ' '; test( uint_t<0>::least() ); 
-     std::cout << 32 << ' '; test( uint_t<32>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 31 << ' '; test( uint_t<31>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 30 << ' '; test( uint_t<30>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 29 << ' '; test( uint_t<29>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 28 << ' '; test( uint_t<28>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 27 << ' '; test( uint_t<27>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 26 << ' '; test( uint_t<26>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 25 << ' '; test( uint_t<25>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 24 << ' '; test( uint_t<24>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 23 << ' '; test( uint_t<23>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 22 << ' '; test( uint_t<22>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 21 << ' '; test( uint_t<21>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 20 << ' '; test( uint_t<20>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 19 << ' '; test( uint_t<19>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 18 << ' '; test( uint_t<18>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 17 << ' '; test( uint_t<17>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 16 << ' '; test( uint_t<16>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 15 << ' '; test( uint_t<15>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 14 << ' '; test( uint_t<14>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 13 << ' '; test( uint_t<13>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 12 << ' '; test( uint_t<12>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 11 << ' '; test( uint_t<11>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 10 << ' '; test( uint_t<10>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 9 << ' '; test( uint_t<9>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 8 << ' '; test( uint_t<8>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 7 << ' '; test( uint_t<7>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 6 << ' '; test( uint_t<6>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 5 << ' '; test( uint_t<5>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 4 << ' '; test( uint_t<4>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 3 << ' '; test( uint_t<3>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 2 << ' '; test( uint_t<2>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 1 << ' '; test( uint_t<1>::fast() ); 
-     std::cout << 0 << ' '; test( uint_t<0>::fast() );
-#endif
-     
-    long v = 0x7FFFFFFF;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<32>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<31>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<30>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<29>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<28>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<27>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<26>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<25>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<24>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<23>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<22>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<21>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<20>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<19>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<18>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<17>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<16>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<15>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<14>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<13>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<12>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<11>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<10>::least(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<9>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<8>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<7>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<6>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<5>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<4>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<3>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<2>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<1>::least(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<0>::least(v) == v );
-    v = 0x7FFFFFFF;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<32>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<31>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<30>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<29>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<28>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<27>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<26>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<25>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<24>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<23>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<22>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<21>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<20>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<19>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<18>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<17>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<16>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<15>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<14>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<13>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<12>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<11>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<10>::fast(v) == v );    v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<9>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<8>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<7>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<6>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<5>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<4>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<3>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<2>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<1>::fast(v) == v );     v >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( int_t<0>::fast(v) == v );
-    unsigned long u = 0xFFFFFFFF;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<32>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<31>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<30>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<29>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<28>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<27>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<26>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<25>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<24>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<23>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<22>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<21>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<20>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<19>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<18>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<17>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<16>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<15>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<14>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<13>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<11>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<12>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<10>::least(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<9>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<8>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<7>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<6>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<5>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<4>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<3>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<2>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<1>::least(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<0>::least(u) == u );
-    u = 0xFFFFFFFF;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<32>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<31>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<30>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<29>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<28>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<27>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<26>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<25>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<24>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<23>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<22>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<21>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<20>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<19>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<18>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<17>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<16>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<15>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<14>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<13>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<12>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<11>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<10>::fast(u) == u );    u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<9>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<8>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<7>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<6>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<5>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<4>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<3>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<2>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<1>::fast(u) == u );     u >>= 1;
-    BOOST_TEST( uint_t<0>::fast(u) == u );
-        
-    return 0;
-}

integer_traits.html

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-<html>
-
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-
-<title>integer_traits: Compile-Time Limits for Integral Types</title>
-</head>
-
-<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
-
-<h1><img src="../../c++boost.gif" alt="c++boost.gif (8819 bytes)" align="center" width="277" height="86">Compile-Time Integral
-Type Limits</h1>
-
-<p>
-The C++ Standard Library &lt;limits&gt; header supplies a class template
-numeric_limits&lt;&gt; with specializations for each fundamental
-type.</p>
-<p>
-For integer types, the interesting members of std::numeric_limits&lt;&gt; are:
-<pre>   static const bool is_specialized; // will be true for integers
-   static T min() throw();
-   static T max() throw();
-   static const int digits;     // for integers, # value bits
-   static const int digits10;     
-   static const bool is_signed;
-   static const bool is_integer; // will be true for integers</pre>
-For many uses, these are sufficient.  But min() and max() are problematical because they are not constant expressions
-(std::5.19), yet some usages require constant expressions.
-<p>
-The template class <code>integer_traits</code> addresses this
-problem.
-
-
-<h2>Header <code><a href="../../boost/integer_traits.hpp">integer_traits.hpp</a></code> Synopsis</h2>
-
-<pre>namespace boost {
-  template&lt;class T&gt;
-  class integer_traits : public std::numeric_limits&lt;T&gt;
-  {
-    static const bool is_integral = false;
-  };
-
-  // specializations for all integral types
-}</pre>
-
-
-<h2>Description</h2>
-
-Template class <code>integer_traits</code> is derived from
-<code>std::numeric_limits</code>.  In general, it adds the single
-<code>bool</code> member <code>is_integral</code> with the
-compile-time constant value <code>false</code>.  However, for all
-integral types <code>T</code> (std::3.9.1/7 [basic.fundamental]),
-there are specializations provided with the following compile-time
-constants defined:
-<p>
-<table border=1>
-<tr><th>member</th><th>type</th><th>value</th></tr>
-<tr><td><code>is_integral</code></td><td>bool</td><td><code>true</code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><code>const_min</code></td><td><code>T</code></td><td>equivalent
-to <code>std::numeric_limits&lt;T&gt;::min()</code></td></tr>
-<tr><td><code>const_max</code></td><td><code>T</code></td><td>equivalent
-to <code>std::numeric_limits&lt;T&gt;::max()</code></td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p>
-
-<em>Note:</em> A flag <code>is_integral</code> is provided, because a
-user-defined integer class should specialize
-<code>std::numeric_limits&lt;&gt;::is_integer = true</code>,
-nonetheless compile-time constants <code>const_min</code> and
-<code>const_max</code> cannot be provided for that user-defined class.
-
-<h2>
-
-Test Program</h2>
-
-<p>
-
-The program <code><a href="integer_traits_test.cpp">integer_traits_test.cpp</a></code>
-exercises the <code>integer_traits</code> class.
-
-<h2>Acknowledgements</h2>
-
-Beman Dawes, Ed Brey, Steve Cleary, and Nathan Myers discussed the integer
-traits idea on the boost mailing list in August 1999.
-<hr>
-<a href="../../people/jens_maurer.htm">
-Jens Maurer</a>, 2000-02-20

meta/libraries.json

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+    "key": "integer",
+    "name": "Integer",
+    "description": "The organization of boost integer headers and classes is designed to take advantage of <stdint.h> types from the 1999 C standard without resorting to undefined behavior in terms of the 1998 C++ standard. The header <boost/cstdint.hpp> makes the standard integer types safely available in namespace boost without placing any names in namespace std.",
+    "category": [
+        "Math"
+    ],
+    "authors": "",
+    "maintainers": [
+        "Daryle Walker <darylew -at- hotmail.com>",
+        "Andrey Semashev <andrey.semashev -at- gmail.com>"
+    ],
+    "cxxstd": "03"
+}

test/Jamfile.v2

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#~ Copyright Rene Rivera 2008
+#~ Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+#~ (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+require-b2 5.0.1 ;
+import-search /boost/config/checks ;
+import config : requires ;
+import testing ;
+
+project : requirements <warnings>all <toolset>gcc:<cxxflags>-Wextra
+    <library>/boost/integer//boost_integer ;
+
+obj has_gmpxx : has_gmpxx.cpp ;
+explicit has_gmpxx ;
+
+test-suite integer
+    :
+        [ run integer_traits_test.cpp ]
+        [ run integer_test.cpp : : : <library>/boost/mpl//boost_mpl <toolset>gcc:<cxxflags>-Wno-long-long <toolset>darwin:<cxxflags>-Wno-long-long <toolset>sun:<cxxflags>"-Qoption ccfe -tmpldepth=128" ]
+        [ run integer_mask_test.cpp : : : <library>/boost/detail//boost_detail ]
+        [ run integer_log2_test.cpp : : : <library>/boost/multiprecision//boost_multiprecision ]
+        [ run static_log2_test.cpp : : : <library>/boost/detail//boost_detail ]
+        [ run static_min_max_test.cpp : : : <library>/boost/detail//boost_detail ]
+        [ run extended_euclidean_test.cpp : : : <library>/boost/multiprecision//boost_multiprecision ]
+        [ run mod_inverse_test.cpp : : : <library>/boost/optional//boost_optional <library>/boost/multiprecision//boost_multiprecision ]
+        [ compile integer_traits_include_test.cpp ]
+        [ compile integer_include_test.cpp ]
+        [ compile integer_mask_include_test.cpp ]
+        [ compile static_log2_include_test.cpp ]
+        [ compile static_min_max_include_test.cpp : <library>/boost/detail//boost_detail ]
+        [ compile integer_fwd_include_test.cpp ]
+        [ compile gcd_constexpr14_test.cpp ]
+        [ compile gcd_noexcept_test.cpp ]
+        [ compile-fail fail_int_exact.cpp ]
+        [ compile-fail fail_int_fast.cpp ]
+        [ compile-fail fail_int_least.cpp ]
+        [ compile-fail fail_uint_exact.cpp ]
+        [ compile-fail fail_uint_fast.cpp ]
+        [ compile-fail fail_uint_least.cpp ]
+        [ compile-fail fail_uint_65.cpp ]
+        [ run common_factor_test.cpp : : : <library>/boost/mpl//boost_mpl <library>/boost/random//boost_random <library>/boost/rational//boost_rational <library>/boost/multiprecision//boost_multiprecision [ check-target-builds has_gmpxx "Checking for gmpxx.h" : <define>BOOST_INTEGER_HAS_GMPXX_H=1 <linkflags>-lgmp <linkflags>-lgmpxx ] ]
+    ;

test/common_factor_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,653 @@
+//  Boost GCD & LCM common_factor.hpp test program  --------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Daryle Walker 2001, 2006.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
+
+//  Revision History
+//  01 Dec 2006  Various fixes for old compilers (Joaquin M Lopez Munoz)
+//  10 Nov 2006  Make long long and __int64 mutually exclusive (Daryle Walker)
+//  04 Nov 2006  Use more built-in numeric types, binary-GCD (Daryle Walker)
+//  03 Nov 2006  Use custom numeric types (Daryle Walker)
+//  02 Nov 2006  Change to Boost.Test's unit test system (Daryle Walker)
+//  07 Nov 2001  Initial version (Daryle Walker)
+
+#define BOOST_TEST_MAIN  "Boost.integer GCD & LCM unit tests"
+
+#include <boost/config.hpp>              // for BOOST_MSVC, etc.
+#include <boost/detail/workaround.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer/common_factor.hpp>  // for boost::integer::gcd, etc.
+#include <boost/mpl/list.hpp>            // for boost::mpl::list
+#include <boost/operators.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
+#include <boost/random/mersenne_twister.hpp>
+#include <boost/random/uniform_int.hpp>
+#include <boost/rational.hpp>
+
+#include <istream>  // for std::basic_istream
+#include <limits>   // for std::numeric_limits
+#include <ostream>  // for std::basic_ostream
+
+#ifdef BOOST_INTEGER_HAS_GMPXX_H
+#include <gmpxx.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "multiprecision_config.hpp"
+
+#ifndef DISABLE_MP_TESTS
+#include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
+#endif
+
+namespace {
+
+// TODO: add polynominal/non-real type; especially after any switch to the
+// binary-GCD algorithm for built-in types
+
+// Custom integer class (template)
+template < typename IntType, int ID = 0 >
+class my_wrapped_integer
+    : private ::boost::shiftable1<my_wrapped_integer<IntType, ID>,
+        ::boost::operators<my_wrapped_integer<IntType, ID> > >
+{
+    // Helper type-aliases
+    typedef my_wrapped_integer    self_type;
+    typedef IntType self_type::*  bool_type;
+
+    // Member data
+    IntType  v_;
+
+public:
+    // Template parameters
+    typedef IntType  int_type;
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int,id = ID);
+
+    // Lifetime management (use automatic destructor and copy constructor)
+    my_wrapped_integer( int_type const &v = int_type() )  : v_( v )  {}
+
+    // Accessors
+    int_type  value() const  { return this->v_; }
+
+    // Operators (use automatic copy assignment)
+    operator bool_type() const  { return this->v_ ? &self_type::v_ : 0; }
+
+    self_type &  operator ++()  { ++this->v_; return *this; }
+    self_type &  operator --()  { --this->v_; return *this; }
+
+    self_type  operator ~() const  { return self_type( ~this->v_ ); }
+    self_type  operator !() const  { return self_type( !this->v_ ); }
+    self_type  operator +() const  { return self_type( +this->v_ ); }
+    self_type  operator -() const  { return self_type( -this->v_ ); }
+
+    bool  operator  <( self_type const &r ) const  { return this->v_ < r.v_; }
+    bool  operator ==( self_type const &r ) const  { return this->v_ == r.v_; }
+
+    self_type &operator *=(self_type const &r) {this->v_ *= r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator /=(self_type const &r) {this->v_ /= r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator %=(self_type const &r) {this->v_ %= r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator +=(self_type const &r) {this->v_ += r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator -=(self_type const &r) {this->v_ -= r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator<<=(self_type const &r){this->v_ <<= r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator>>=(self_type const &r){this->v_ >>= r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator &=(self_type const &r) {this->v_ &= r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator |=(self_type const &r) {this->v_ |= r.v_; return *this;}
+    self_type &operator ^=(self_type const &r) {this->v_ ^= r.v_; return *this;}
+
+    // Input & output
+    friend std::istream & operator >>( std::istream &i, self_type &x )
+    { return i >> x.v_; }
+
+    friend std::ostream & operator <<( std::ostream &o, self_type const &x )
+    { return o << x.v_; }
+
+};  // my_wrapped_integer
+
+template < typename IntType, int ID >
+my_wrapped_integer<IntType, ID>  abs( my_wrapped_integer<IntType, ID> const &x )
+{ return ( x < my_wrapped_integer<IntType, ID>(0) ) ? -x : +x; }
+
+typedef my_wrapped_integer<int>          MyInt1;
+typedef my_wrapped_integer<unsigned>     MyUnsigned1;
+typedef my_wrapped_integer<int, 1>       MyInt2;
+typedef my_wrapped_integer<unsigned, 1>  MyUnsigned2;
+
+// Without these explicit instantiations, MSVC++ 6.5/7.0 does not find
+// some friend operators in certain contexts.
+MyInt1       dummy1;
+MyUnsigned1  dummy2;
+MyInt2       dummy3;
+MyUnsigned2  dummy4;
+
+// Various types to test with each GCD/LCM
+typedef ::boost::mpl::list<signed char, short, int, long,
+#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC, <= 1500)
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+ boost::long_long_type,
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+ __int64,
+#endif
+ MyInt1
+#ifndef DISABLE_MP_TESTS
+   , boost::multiprecision::cpp_int
+#endif
+>  signed_test_types;
+typedef ::boost::mpl::list<unsigned char, unsigned short, unsigned,
+ unsigned long,
+#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC, <= 1500)
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+ boost::ulong_long_type,
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+ unsigned __int64,
+#endif
+ MyUnsigned1, MyUnsigned2 /*, boost::multiprecision::uint256_t*/>  unsigned_test_types;
+
+}  // namespace
+
+#define BOOST_NO_MACRO_EXPAND /**/
+
+// Specialize numeric_limits for _some_ of our types
+namespace std
+{
+
+template < >
+class numeric_limits< MyInt1 >
+{
+    typedef MyInt1::int_type             int_type;
+    typedef numeric_limits<int_type>  limits_type;
+
+public:
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_specialized = limits_type::is_specialized);
+
+    static MyInt1 min BOOST_NO_MACRO_EXPAND() throw()  { return (limits_type::min)(); }
+    static MyInt1 max BOOST_NO_MACRO_EXPAND() throw()  { return (limits_type::max)(); }
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, digits      = limits_type::digits);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, digits10    = limits_type::digits10);
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_NUMERIC_LIMITS
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, max_digits10    = limits_type::max_digits10);
+#endif
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_signed  = limits_type::is_signed);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_integer = limits_type::is_integer);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_exact   = limits_type::is_exact);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, radix       = limits_type::radix);
+    static MyInt1 epsilon() throw()      { return limits_type::epsilon(); }
+    static MyInt1 round_error() throw()  { return limits_type::round_error(); }
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, min_exponent   = limits_type::min_exponent);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, min_exponent10 = limits_type::min_exponent10);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, max_exponent   = limits_type::max_exponent);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, max_exponent10 = limits_type::max_exponent10);
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, has_infinity             = limits_type::has_infinity);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, has_quiet_NaN            = limits_type::has_quiet_NaN);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, has_signaling_NaN        = limits_type::has_signaling_NaN);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(float_denorm_style, has_denorm = limits_type::has_denorm);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, has_denorm_loss          = limits_type::has_denorm_loss);
+
+    static MyInt1 infinity() throw()      { return limits_type::infinity(); }
+    static MyInt1 quiet_NaN() throw()     { return limits_type::quiet_NaN(); }
+    static MyInt1 signaling_NaN() throw() {return limits_type::signaling_NaN();}
+    static MyInt1 denorm_min() throw()    { return limits_type::denorm_min(); }
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_iec559  = limits_type::is_iec559);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_bounded = limits_type::is_bounded);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_modulo  = limits_type::is_modulo);
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, traps                    = limits_type::traps);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, tinyness_before          = limits_type::tinyness_before);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(float_round_style, round_style = limits_type::round_style);
+
+};  // std::numeric_limits<MyInt1>
+
+template < >
+class numeric_limits< MyUnsigned1 >
+{
+    typedef MyUnsigned1::int_type        int_type;
+    typedef numeric_limits<int_type>  limits_type;
+
+public:
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_specialized = limits_type::is_specialized);
+
+    static MyUnsigned1 min BOOST_NO_MACRO_EXPAND() throw()  { return (limits_type::min)(); }
+    static MyUnsigned1 max BOOST_NO_MACRO_EXPAND() throw()  { return (limits_type::max)(); }
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, digits      = limits_type::digits);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, digits10    = limits_type::digits10);
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_NUMERIC_LIMITS
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, max_digits10    = limits_type::max_digits10);
+#endif
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_signed  = limits_type::is_signed);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_integer = limits_type::is_integer);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_exact   = limits_type::is_exact);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, radix       = limits_type::radix);
+    static MyUnsigned1 epsilon() throw()      { return limits_type::epsilon(); }
+    static MyUnsigned1 round_error() throw(){return limits_type::round_error();}
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, min_exponent   = limits_type::min_exponent);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, min_exponent10 = limits_type::min_exponent10);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, max_exponent   = limits_type::max_exponent);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(int, max_exponent10 = limits_type::max_exponent10);
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, has_infinity             = limits_type::has_infinity);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, has_quiet_NaN            = limits_type::has_quiet_NaN);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, has_signaling_NaN        = limits_type::has_signaling_NaN);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(float_denorm_style, has_denorm = limits_type::has_denorm);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, has_denorm_loss          = limits_type::has_denorm_loss);
+
+    static MyUnsigned1 infinity() throw()    { return limits_type::infinity(); }
+    static MyUnsigned1 quiet_NaN() throw()  { return limits_type::quiet_NaN(); }
+    static MyUnsigned1 signaling_NaN() throw()
+        { return limits_type::signaling_NaN(); }
+    static MyUnsigned1 denorm_min() throw(){ return limits_type::denorm_min(); }
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_iec559  = limits_type::is_iec559);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_bounded = limits_type::is_bounded);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, is_modulo  = limits_type::is_modulo);
+
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, traps                    = limits_type::traps);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(bool, tinyness_before          = limits_type::tinyness_before);
+    BOOST_STATIC_CONSTANT(float_round_style, round_style = limits_type::round_style);
+
+};  // std::numeric_limits<MyUnsigned1>
+
+#if BOOST_WORKAROUND(BOOST_MSVC,<1300)
+// MSVC 6.0 lacks operator<< for __int64, see
+// https://support.microsoft.com/kb/168440/
+
+inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, __int64 i)
+{
+    char buf[20];
+    sprintf(buf,"%I64d", i);
+    os << buf;
+    return os;
+}
+
+inline ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, unsigned __int64 i)
+{
+    char buf[20];
+    sprintf(buf,"%I64u", i);
+    os << buf;
+    return os;
+}
+#endif
+
+}  // namespace std
+
+// GCD tests
+
+// GCD on signed integer types
+template< class T > void gcd_int_test() // signed_test_types
+{
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
+    using boost::integer::gcd;
+    using boost::integer::gcd_evaluator;
+#else
+    using namespace boost::integer;
+#endif
+
+    // Originally from Boost.Rational tests
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(1), static_cast<T>(-1)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(-1), static_cast<T>(1)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(1), static_cast<T>(1)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(-1), static_cast<T>(-1)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(0), static_cast<T>(0)), static_cast<T>( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(7), static_cast<T>(0)), static_cast<T>( 7) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(0), static_cast<T>(9)), static_cast<T>( 9) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(-7), static_cast<T>(0)), static_cast<T>( 7) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(0), static_cast<T>(-9)), static_cast<T>( 9) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(42), static_cast<T>(30)), static_cast<T>( 6) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(6), static_cast<T>(-9)), static_cast<T>( 3) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(-10), static_cast<T>(-10)), static_cast<T>(10) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(-25), static_cast<T>(-10)), static_cast<T>( 5) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(3), static_cast<T>(7)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(8), static_cast<T>(9)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(7), static_cast<T>(49)), static_cast<T>( 7) );
+    // Again with function object:
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(1, -1), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(-1, 1), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(1, 1), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(-1, -1), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(0, 0), static_cast<T>(0));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(7, 0), static_cast<T>(7));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(0, 9), static_cast<T>(9));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(-7, 0), static_cast<T>(7));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(0, -9), static_cast<T>(9));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(42, 30), static_cast<T>(6));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(6, -9), static_cast<T>(3));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(-10, -10), static_cast<T>(10));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(-25, -10), static_cast<T>(5));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(3, 7), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(8, 9), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(gcd_evaluator<T>()(7, 49), static_cast<T>(7));
+}
+
+// GCD on unmarked signed integer type
+void gcd_unmarked_int_test()
+{
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
+    using boost::integer::gcd;
+#else
+    using namespace boost::integer;
+#endif
+
+    // The regular signed-integer GCD function performs the unsigned version,
+    // then does an absolute-value on the result.  Signed types that are not
+    // marked as such (due to no std::numeric_limits specialization) may be off
+    // by a sign.
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(1), static_cast<MyInt2>(-1) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(-1), static_cast<MyInt2>(1) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(1), static_cast<MyInt2>(1) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(-1), static_cast<MyInt2>(-1) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(0), static_cast<MyInt2>(0) )), MyInt2( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(7), static_cast<MyInt2>(0) )), MyInt2( 7) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(0), static_cast<MyInt2>(9) )), MyInt2( 9) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(-7), static_cast<MyInt2>(0) )), MyInt2( 7) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(0), static_cast<MyInt2>(-9) )), MyInt2( 9) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(42), static_cast<MyInt2>(30))), MyInt2( 6) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(6), static_cast<MyInt2>(-9) )), MyInt2( 3) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(-10), static_cast<MyInt2>(-10) )), MyInt2(10) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(-25), static_cast<MyInt2>(-10) )), MyInt2( 5) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(3), static_cast<MyInt2>(7) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(8), static_cast<MyInt2>(9) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<MyInt2>(7), static_cast<MyInt2>(49) )), MyInt2( 7) );
+}
+
+// GCD on unsigned integer types
+template< class T > void gcd_unsigned_test() // unsigned_test_types
+{
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
+    using boost::integer::gcd;
+#else
+    using namespace boost::integer;
+#endif
+
+    // Note that unmarked types (i.e. have no std::numeric_limits
+    // specialization) are treated like non/unsigned types
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(1u), static_cast<T>(1u)), static_cast<T>( 1u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(0u), static_cast<T>(0u)), static_cast<T>( 0u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(7u), static_cast<T>(0u)), static_cast<T>( 7u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(0u), static_cast<T>(9u)), static_cast<T>( 9u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(42u), static_cast<T>(30u)), static_cast<T>( 6u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(3u), static_cast<T>(7u)), static_cast<T>( 1u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(8u), static_cast<T>(9u)), static_cast<T>( 1u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<T>(7u), static_cast<T>(49u)), static_cast<T>( 7u) );
+}
+
+// GCD at compile-time
+void gcd_static_test()
+{
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
+    using boost::integer::static_gcd;
+#else
+    using namespace boost::integer;
+#endif
+
+    // Can't use "BOOST_TEST_EQ", otherwise the "value" member will be
+    // disqualified as compile-time-only constant, needing explicit definition
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_gcd< 1,  1>::value) == 1 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_gcd< 0,  0>::value) == 0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_gcd< 7,  0>::value) == 7 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_gcd< 0,  9>::value) == 9 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_gcd<42, 30>::value) == 6 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_gcd< 3,  7>::value) == 1 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_gcd< 8,  9>::value) == 1 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_gcd< 7, 49>::value) == 7 );
+}
+
+void gcd_method_test()
+{
+   // Verify that the 3 different methods all yield the same result:
+   boost::random::mt19937 gen;
+   boost::random::uniform_int_distribution<int> d(0, ((std::numeric_limits<int>::max)() / 2));
+
+   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 10000; ++i)
+   {
+      int v1 = d(gen);
+      int v2 = d(gen);
+      int g = boost::integer::gcd_detail::Euclid_gcd(v1, v2);
+      BOOST_TEST(v1 % g == 0);
+      BOOST_TEST(v2 % g == 0);
+      BOOST_TEST_EQ(g, boost::integer::gcd_detail::mixed_binary_gcd(v1, v2));
+      BOOST_TEST_EQ(g, boost::integer::gcd_detail::Stein_gcd(v1, v2));
+   }
+}
+
+// LCM tests
+
+// LCM on signed integer types
+template< class T > void lcm_int_test() // signed_test_types
+{
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
+    using boost::integer::lcm;
+    using boost::integer::lcm_evaluator;
+#else
+    using namespace boost::integer;
+#endif
+
+    // Originally from Boost.Rational tests
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(1), static_cast<T>(-1)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(-1), static_cast<T>(1)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(1), static_cast<T>(1)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(-1), static_cast<T>(-1)), static_cast<T>( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(0), static_cast<T>(0)), static_cast<T>( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(6), static_cast<T>(0)), static_cast<T>( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(0), static_cast<T>(7)), static_cast<T>( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(-5), static_cast<T>(0)), static_cast<T>( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(0), static_cast<T>(-4)), static_cast<T>( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(18), static_cast<T>(30)), static_cast<T>(90) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(-6), static_cast<T>(9)), static_cast<T>(18) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(-10), static_cast<T>(-10)), static_cast<T>(10) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(25), static_cast<T>(-10)), static_cast<T>(50) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(3), static_cast<T>(7)), static_cast<T>(21) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(8), static_cast<T>(9)), static_cast<T>(72) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(7), static_cast<T>(49)), static_cast<T>(49) );
+    // Again with function object:
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(1, -1), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(-1, 1), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(1, 1), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(-1, -1), static_cast<T>(1));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(0, 0), static_cast<T>(0));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(6, 0), static_cast<T>(0));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(0, 7), static_cast<T>(0));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(-5, 0), static_cast<T>(0));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(0, -4), static_cast<T>(0));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(18, 30), static_cast<T>(90));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(-6, 9), static_cast<T>(18));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(-10, -10), static_cast<T>(10));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(25, -10), static_cast<T>(50));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(3, 7), static_cast<T>(21));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(8, 9), static_cast<T>(72));
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ(lcm_evaluator<T>()(7, 49), static_cast<T>(49));
+}
+
+// LCM on unmarked signed integer type
+void lcm_unmarked_int_test()
+{
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
+    using boost::integer::lcm;
+#else
+    using namespace boost::integer;
+#endif
+
+    // The regular signed-integer LCM function performs the unsigned version,
+    // then does an absolute-value on the result.  Signed types that are not
+    // marked as such (due to no std::numeric_limits specialization) may be off
+    // by a sign.
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(   static_cast<MyInt2>(1), static_cast<MyInt2>(-1) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(-1), static_cast<MyInt2>(1) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(1), static_cast<MyInt2>(1) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(-1), static_cast<MyInt2>(-1) )), MyInt2( 1) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(0), static_cast<MyInt2>(0) )), MyInt2( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(6), static_cast<MyInt2>(0) )), MyInt2( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(0), static_cast<MyInt2>(7) )), MyInt2( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(-5), static_cast<MyInt2>(0) )), MyInt2( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(0), static_cast<MyInt2>(-4) )), MyInt2( 0) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(18), static_cast<MyInt2>(30) )), MyInt2(90) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(-6), static_cast<MyInt2>(9) )), MyInt2(18) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(-10), static_cast<MyInt2>(-10) )), MyInt2(10) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(25), static_cast<MyInt2>(-10) )), MyInt2(50) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(3), static_cast<MyInt2>(7) )), MyInt2(21) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(8), static_cast<MyInt2>(9) )), MyInt2(72) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( abs(boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<MyInt2>(7), static_cast<MyInt2>(49) )), MyInt2(49) );
+}
+
+// LCM on unsigned integer types
+template< class T > void lcm_unsigned_test() // unsigned_test_types
+{
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
+    using boost::integer::lcm;
+#else
+    using namespace boost::integer;
+#endif
+
+    // Note that unmarked types (i.e. have no std::numeric_limits
+    // specialization) are treated like non/unsigned types
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(1u), static_cast<T>(1u)), static_cast<T>( 1u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(0u), static_cast<T>(0u)), static_cast<T>( 0u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(6u), static_cast<T>(0u)), static_cast<T>( 0u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(0u), static_cast<T>(7u)), static_cast<T>( 0u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(18u), static_cast<T>(30u)), static_cast<T>(90u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(3u), static_cast<T>(7u)), static_cast<T>(21u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(8u), static_cast<T>(9u)), static_cast<T>(72u) );
+    BOOST_TEST_EQ( boost::integer::lcm(static_cast<T>(7u), static_cast<T>(49u)), static_cast<T>(49u) );
+}
+
+// LCM at compile-time
+void lcm_static_test()
+{
+#ifndef BOOST_MSVC
+    using boost::integer::static_lcm;
+#else
+    using namespace boost::integer;
+#endif
+
+    // Can't use "BOOST_TEST_EQ", otherwise the "value" member will be
+    // disqualified as compile-time-only constant, needing explicit definition
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_lcm< 1,  1>::value) ==  1 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_lcm< 0,  0>::value) ==  0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_lcm< 6,  0>::value) ==  0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_lcm< 0,  7>::value) ==  0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_lcm<18, 30>::value) == 90 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_lcm< 3,  7>::value) == 21 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_lcm< 8,  9>::value) == 72 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_lcm< 7, 49>::value) == 49 );
+}
+
+void variadics()
+{
+   unsigned i[] = { 44, 56, 76, 88 };
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::gcd_range(i, i + 4).first, 4);
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::gcd_range(i, i + 4).second, i + 4);
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::lcm_range(i, i + 4).first, 11704);
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::lcm_range(i, i + 4).second, i + 4);
+
+   unsigned i_gcd_unity[] = { 44, 56, 1, 88 };
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::gcd_range(i_gcd_unity, i_gcd_unity + 4).first, 1);
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::gcd_range(i_gcd_unity, i_gcd_unity + 4).second, i_gcd_unity + 3);
+
+   unsigned i_lcm_unity[] = { 44, 56, 0, 88 };
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::lcm_range(i_lcm_unity, i_lcm_unity + 4).first, 0);
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::lcm_range(i_lcm_unity, i_lcm_unity + 4).second, i_lcm_unity + 3);
+
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX11_VARIADIC_TEMPLATES
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::gcd(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]), 4);
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::lcm(i[0], i[1], i[2], i[3]), 11704);
+#endif
+}
+
+// Test case from Boost.Rational, need to make sure we don't break the rational lib:
+template <class T> void gcd_and_lcm_on_rationals()
+{
+   typedef boost::rational<T> rational;
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::gcd(rational(1, 4), rational(1, 3)),
+      rational(1, 12));
+   BOOST_TEST_EQ(boost::integer::lcm(rational(1, 4), rational(1, 3)),
+      rational(1));
+}
+
+#ifndef DISABLE_MP_TESTS
+#define TEST_SIGNED_( test ) \
+    test<signed char>(); \
+    test<short>(); \
+    test<int>(); \
+    test<long>(); \
+    test<MyInt1>(); \
+    test<boost::multiprecision::cpp_int>(); \
+    test<boost::multiprecision::int512_t>();
+#else
+#define TEST_SIGNED_( test ) \
+    test<signed char>(); \
+    test<short>(); \
+    test<int>(); \
+    test<long>(); \
+    test<MyInt1>();
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+# define TEST_SIGNED__( test ) \
+    TEST_SIGNED_( test ) \
+    test<boost::long_long_type>();
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+# define TEST_SIGNED__( test ) \
+    TEST_SIGNED_( test ) \
+    test<__int64>();
+#endif
+#ifndef DISABLE_MP_TESTS
+#define TEST_UNSIGNED_( test ) \
+    test<unsigned char>(); \
+    test<unsigned short>(); \
+    test<unsigned>(); \
+    test<unsigned long>(); \
+    test<MyUnsigned1>(); \
+    test<MyUnsigned2>(); \
+    test<boost::multiprecision::uint512_t>();
+#else
+#define TEST_UNSIGNED_( test ) \
+    test<unsigned char>(); \
+    test<unsigned short>(); \
+    test<unsigned>(); \
+    test<unsigned long>(); \
+    test<MyUnsigned1>(); \
+    test<MyUnsigned2>();
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+# define TEST_UNSIGNED( test ) \
+    TEST_UNSIGNED_( test ) \
+    test<boost::ulong_long_type>();
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+# define TEST_UNSIGNED( test ) \
+    TEST_UNSIGNED_( test ) \
+    test<unsigned __int64>();
+#endif
+
+#ifdef BOOST_INTEGER_HAS_GMPXX_H
+#  define TEST_SIGNED(test)\
+      TEST_SIGNED__(test)\
+      test<mpz_class>();
+#  define TEST_SIGNED_NO_GMP(test) TEST_SIGNED__(test)
+#else
+#  define TEST_SIGNED(test) TEST_SIGNED__(test)
+#  define TEST_SIGNED_NO_GMP(test) TEST_SIGNED__(test)
+#endif
+
+int main()
+{
+   TEST_SIGNED(gcd_int_test)
+   gcd_unmarked_int_test();
+   TEST_UNSIGNED(gcd_unsigned_test)
+   gcd_static_test();
+   gcd_method_test();
+
+   TEST_SIGNED(lcm_int_test)
+   lcm_unmarked_int_test();
+   TEST_UNSIGNED(lcm_unsigned_test)
+   lcm_static_test();
+   variadics();
+   TEST_SIGNED_NO_GMP(gcd_and_lcm_on_rationals)
+
+   return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/extended_euclidean_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ *  (C) Copyright Nick Thompson 2018.
+ *  Use, modification and distribution are subject to the
+ *  Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+ *  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+ */
+
+#include "multiprecision_config.hpp"
+
+#ifndef DISABLE_MP_TESTS
+#include <boost/integer/extended_euclidean.hpp>
+#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
+#include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer/common_factor.hpp>
+
+using boost::multiprecision::int128_t;
+using boost::multiprecision::int256_t;
+using boost::integer::extended_euclidean;
+using boost::integer::gcd;
+
+template<class Z>
+void test_extended_euclidean()
+{
+    // Stress test:
+    //Z max_arg = std::numeric_limits<Z>::max();
+    Z max_arg = 500;
+    for (Z m = max_arg; m > 0; --m)
+    {
+        for (Z n = max_arg; n > 0; --n)
+        {
+            boost::integer::euclidean_result_t<Z> u = extended_euclidean(m, n);
+            int256_t gcdmn = gcd(m, n);
+            int256_t x = u.x;
+            int256_t y = u.y;
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ(u.gcd, gcdmn);
+            BOOST_TEST_EQ(m*x + n*y, gcdmn);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+int main()
+{
+    test_extended_euclidean<boost::int16_t>();
+    test_extended_euclidean<boost::int32_t>();
+    test_extended_euclidean<boost::int64_t>();
+    test_extended_euclidean<int128_t>();
+
+    return boost::report_errors();;
+}
+#else
+int main()
+{
+    return 0;
+}
+#endif

test/fail_int_exact.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2012.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>
+
+typedef boost::int_t<sizeof(boost::intmax_t)*CHAR_BIT + 1>::exact fail_int_exact;

test/fail_int_fast.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2012.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>
+
+typedef boost::int_t<sizeof(boost::intmax_t)*CHAR_BIT + 1>::fast fail_int_fast;

test/fail_int_least.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2012.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>
+
+typedef boost::int_t<sizeof(boost::intmax_t)*CHAR_BIT + 1>::least fail_int_least;

test/fail_uint_65.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2012.
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+ std::cout << std::numeric_limits<boost::uint_t<65>::least>::digits;
+ return 0;
+}

test/fail_uint_exact.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2012.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>
+
+typedef boost::uint_t<sizeof(boost::intmax_t)*CHAR_BIT + 1>::exact fail_uint_exact;

test/fail_uint_fast.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2012.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>
+
+typedef boost::uint_t<sizeof(boost::intmax_t)*CHAR_BIT + 1>::fast fail_uint_fast;

test/fail_uint_least.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2012.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>
+
+typedef boost::uint_t<sizeof(boost::intmax_t)*CHAR_BIT + 1>::least fail_uint_least;

test/gcd_constexpr14_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+
+//  (C) Copyright John Maddock 2017.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer/common_factor.hpp>
+
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_CXX14_CONSTEXPR
+
+void test_constexpr1()
+{
+   constexpr const boost::int64_t i = 347 * 463 * 727;
+   constexpr const boost::int64_t j = 191 * 347 * 281;
+
+   constexpr const boost::int64_t k = boost::integer::gcd(i, j);
+   constexpr const boost::int64_t l = boost::integer::lcm(i, j);
+
+   static_assert(k == 347, "Expected result not integer in constexpr gcd.");
+   static_assert(l == 6268802158037, "Expected result not integer in constexpr lcm.");
+}
+
+void test_constexpr2()
+{
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t i = 347 * 463 * 727;
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t j = 191 * 347 * 281;
+
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t k = boost::integer::gcd(i, j);
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t l = boost::integer::lcm(i, j);
+
+   static_assert(k == 347, "Expected result not integer in constexpr gcd.");
+   static_assert(l == 6268802158037, "Expected result not integer in constexpr lcm.");
+}
+
+void test_constexpr3()
+{
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t i = 347 * 463 * 727;
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t j = 191 * 347 * 281;
+
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t k = boost::integer::gcd_detail::Euclid_gcd(i, j);
+
+   static_assert(k == 347, "Expected result not integer in constexpr gcd.");
+}
+
+void test_constexpr4()
+{
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t i = 347 * 463 * 727;
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t j = 191 * 347 * 281;
+
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t k = boost::integer::gcd_detail::mixed_binary_gcd(i, j);
+
+   static_assert(k == 347, "Expected result not integer in constexpr gcd.");
+}
+
+void test_constexpr5()
+{
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t i = 347 * 463 * 727;
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t j = 191 * 347 * 281;
+
+   constexpr const boost::uint64_t k = boost::integer::gcd_detail::Stein_gcd(i, j);
+
+   static_assert(k == 347, "Expected result not integer in constexpr gcd.");
+}
+#endif
+
+

test/gcd_noexcept_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+
+//  (C) Copyright John Maddock 2017.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer/common_factor.hpp>
+
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_NOEXCEPT) && !defined(BOOST_NO_CXX11_HDR_TYPE_TRAITS)
+//
+// These tests don't pass with GCC-4.x:
+//
+#if !defined(BOOST_GCC) || (BOOST_GCC >= 50000)
+
+void test_noexcept(unsigned char a, unsigned char b)
+{
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<unsigned char>(a), static_cast<unsigned char>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+#ifndef _MSC_VER
+   // This generates an internal compiler error if enabled as well as the following test:
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<char>(a), static_cast<char>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+#endif
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<signed char>(a), static_cast<signed char>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<short>(a), static_cast<short>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<unsigned short>(a), static_cast<unsigned short>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<int>(a), static_cast<int>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<unsigned int>(a), static_cast<unsigned int>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<long>(a), static_cast<long>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<unsigned long>(a), static_cast<unsigned long>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<long long>(a), static_cast<long long>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+   static_assert(noexcept(boost::integer::gcd(static_cast<unsigned long long>(a), static_cast<unsigned long long>(b))), "Expected a noexcept function.");
+}
+
+#endif
+#endif
+

test/has_gmpxx.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2008.
+//  Use, modification and distribution are subject to the
+//  Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <gmpxx.h>
+
+// On Linux, libgmpxx is built with gcc and libstdc++. When the user application, such as tests, are built against libc++,
+// linking fails because of the C++ standard library symbol names mismatch. So fail the test if we're not using libstdc++.
+#if defined(__linux__) || defined(__linux) || defined(linux)
+#include <utility>
+#if !defined(__GLIBCPP__) && !defined(__GLIBCXX__)
+#error "libgmpxx is not supported on this platform with this C++ standard library"
+#endif
+#endif

test/integer_fwd_include_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2009.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer_fwd.hpp> // must be the only #include!
+
+// just declare some functions that use the incomplete types in the header:
+
+void f1(const boost::integer_traits<char>*);
+void f2(const boost::int_fast_t<char>*);
+void f3(const boost::int_t<12>*);
+void f4(const boost::uint_t<31>*);
+void f5(const boost::int_max_value_t<100>*);
+void f6(const boost::int_min_value_t<-100>*);
+void f7(const boost::uint_value_t<100>*);
+void f8(const boost::high_bit_mask_t<10>*);
+void f9(const boost::low_bits_mask_t<10>*);
+void f10(boost::static_log2_argument_type, boost::static_log2_result_type, boost::static_log2<10>*);
+void f11(boost::static_min_max_signed_type, boost::static_min_max_unsigned_type);
+void f12(boost::static_signed_min<1, 2>*, boost::static_signed_max<1,2>*);
+void f13(boost::static_unsigned_min<1,2>*, boost::static_unsigned_min<1,2>*);

test/integer_include_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2009.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer.hpp> // must be the only #include!
+
+int main()
+{
+   boost::int_fast_t<char>::fast f = 0;
+   (void)f;
+   boost::int_t<16>::fast f2 = 0;
+   (void)f2;
+   boost::int_t<32>::exact e = 0;
+   (void)e;
+   boost::int_t<12>::least l = 0;
+   (void)l;
+   boost::uint_t<16>::fast uf2 = 0;
+   (void)uf2;
+   boost::uint_t<32>::exact ue = 0;
+   (void)ue;
+   boost::uint_t<12>::least ul = 0;
+   (void)ul;
+   boost::int_max_value_t<200>::fast v1 = 0;
+   (void)v1;
+   boost::int_max_value_t<2000>::least v2 = 0;
+   (void)v2;
+   boost::int_min_value_t<-200>::fast v3 = 0;
+   (void)v3;
+   boost::int_min_value_t<-2000>::least v4 = 0;
+   (void)v4;
+   boost::uint_value_t<200>::fast v5 = 0;
+   (void)v5;
+   boost::uint_value_t<2000>::least v6 = 0;
+   (void)v6;
+}

test/integer_log2_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+//  Boost integer_log2.hpp test program  --------------------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Andrey Semashev 2021.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
+
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer/integer_log2.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "multiprecision_config.hpp"
+
+#if !defined(DISABLE_MP_TESTS)
+#include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
+#endif
+
+// Macros to compact code
+#define PRIVATE_LB_TEST( v, e )  BOOST_TEST( ::boost::integer_log2((v)) == e )
+
+#define PRIVATE_PRINT_LB( v )    ::std::cout << "boost::integer_log2(" << (v) \
+ << ") = " << ::boost::integer_log2((v)) << '.' << ::std::endl
+
+// Control to check for a compile-time error
+#ifndef CONTROL_LB_0_TEST
+#define PRIVATE_LB_0_TEST
+#else
+#define PRIVATE_LB_0_TEST  PRIVATE_PRINT_LB( 0 )
+#endif
+
+// Main testing function
+int main()
+{
+    std::cout << "Doing tests on integer_log2." << std::endl;
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_0_TEST;
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( (unsigned char)1, 0 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( (unsigned char)2, 1 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 1, 0 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 2, 1 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 3, 1 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 4, 2 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 5, 2 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 6, 2 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 7, 2 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST(  8, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST(  9, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 10, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 11, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 12, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 13, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 14, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 15, 3 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 16, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 17, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 18, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 19, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 20, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 21, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 22, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 23, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 24, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 25, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 26, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 27, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 28, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 29, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 30, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 31, 4 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 32, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 33, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 34, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 35, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 36, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 37, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 38, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 39, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 40, 5 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 63, 5 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 64, 6 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 65, 6 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 127, 6 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 128, 7 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 129, 7 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 255, 7 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 256, 8 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 257, 8 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 511, 8 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 512, 9 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 513, 9 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 1023, 9 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 1024, 10 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 1025, 10 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 2047, 10 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 2048, 11 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 2049, 11 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 4095, 11 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 4096, 12 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 4097, 12 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 8191, 12 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 8192, 13 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 8193, 13 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 16383, 13 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 16384, 14 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 16385, 14 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 32767, 14 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 32768, 15 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 32769, 15 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 65535, 15 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 65536, 16 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 65537, 16 );
+
+#if defined(UINT32_C)
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( UINT32_C(4294967295), 31 );
+#endif
+
+#if defined(UINT64_C) && !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T)
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( UINT64_C(4294967296), 32 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( UINT64_C(4294967297), 32 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( UINT64_C(18446744073709551615), 63 );
+#endif
+
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_INT128)
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::uint128_type(1u) << 64u, 64 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( (boost::uint128_type(1u) << 64u) + 1u, 64 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( ~boost::uint128_type(0u), 127 );
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(DISABLE_MP_TESTS)
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::cpp_int(1), 0 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::cpp_int(2), 1 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::cpp_int(3), 1 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::cpp_int(65535), 15 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::cpp_int(65536), 16 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::int1024_t(1), 0 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::int1024_t(2), 1 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::int1024_t(3), 1 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::int1024_t(65535), 15 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::int1024_t(65536), 16 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::uint1024_t(1), 0 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::uint1024_t(2), 1 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::uint1024_t(3), 1 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::uint1024_t(65535), 15 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( boost::multiprecision::uint1024_t(65536), 16 );
+#endif
+
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/integer_mask_include_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2009.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp> // must be the only #include!
+
+int main()
+{
+   boost::high_bit_mask_t<20>::least l = boost::high_bit_mask_t<20>::high_bit;
+   boost::high_bit_mask_t<12>::fast f = boost::high_bit_mask_t<12>::high_bit_fast;
+   l += f + boost::high_bit_mask_t<12>::bit_position;
+   (void)l;
+   boost::low_bits_mask_t<20>::least l2 = boost::low_bits_mask_t<20>::sig_bits;
+   boost::low_bits_mask_t<12>::fast f2 = boost::low_bits_mask_t<12>::sig_bits_fast;
+   l2 += f2 + boost::low_bits_mask_t<12>::bit_count;
+   (void)l2;
+}

test/integer_mask_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+//  boost integer_mask.hpp test program  -------------------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Daryle Walker 2001.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
+
+//  Revision History
+//  23 Sep 2001  Initial version (Daryle Walker)
+
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
+
+#include <boost/cstdlib.hpp>               // for boost::exit_success
+#include <boost/integer/integer_mask.hpp>  // for boost::high_bit_mask_t, etc.
+
+#include <iostream>  // for std::cout (std::endl indirectly)
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(disable:4127) // conditional expression is constant
+#endif
+
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+#define MASK_TYPE ::boost::ulong_long_type
+#elif defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+#define MASK_TYPE unsigned __int64
+#else
+#define MASK_TYPE unsigned long
+#endif
+
+#define ONE (static_cast<MASK_TYPE>(1))
+
+#define PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_SLOW_TEST(v)  BOOST_TEST( ::boost::high_bit_mask_t< \
+ (v) >::high_bit == (ONE << (v)) );
+#define PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_FAST_TEST(v)  BOOST_TEST( ::boost::high_bit_mask_t< \
+ (v) >::high_bit_fast == (ONE << (v)) );
+#define PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(v)  do { PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_SLOW_TEST(v); \
+ PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_FAST_TEST(v); } while (false)
+
+#define PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_SLOW_TEST(v)  \
+   do{ \
+      MASK_TYPE mask = 0;\
+      if(v > 0)\
+         { mask = ((ONE << (v-1)) - 1); mask <<= 1; mask |= 1; }\
+      BOOST_TEST( ::boost::low_bits_mask_t< (v) >::sig_bits ==  mask); \
+   }while(false);
+#define PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_FAST_TEST(v)  \
+   do{ \
+      MASK_TYPE mask = 0;\
+      if(v > 0)\
+         { mask = ((ONE << (v-1)) - 1); mask <<= 1; mask |= 1; }\
+      BOOST_TEST( ::boost::low_bits_mask_t< (v) >::sig_bits_fast == mask);\
+   }while(false);
+#define PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(v)  do { PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_SLOW_TEST(v); \
+ PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_FAST_TEST(v); } while (false)
+
+
+int main( int, char*[] )
+{
+    using std::cout;
+    using std::endl;
+
+    cout << "Doing high_bit_mask_t tests." << endl;
+
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG) || defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 63 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 62 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 61 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 60 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 59 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 58 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 57 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 56 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 55 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 54 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 53 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 52 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 51 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 50 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 49 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 48 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 47 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 46 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 45 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 44 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 43 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 42 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 41 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 40 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 39 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 38 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 37 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 36 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 35 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 34 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 33 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 32 );
+#endif
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 31 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 30 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 29 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 28 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 27 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 26 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 25 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 24 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 23 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 22 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 21 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 20 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 19 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 18 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 17 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 16 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 15 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 14 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 13 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 12 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 11 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST( 10 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  9 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  8 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  7 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  6 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  5 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  4 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  3 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  2 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  1 );
+    PRIVATE_HIGH_BIT_TEST(  0 );
+
+    cout << "Doing low_bits_mask_t tests." << endl;
+
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG) || defined(BOOST_HAS_MS_INT64)
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 64 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 63 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 62 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 61 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 60 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 59 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 58 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 57 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 56 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 55 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 54 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 53 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 52 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 51 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 50 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 49 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 48 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 47 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 46 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 45 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 44 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 43 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 42 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 41 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 40 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 39 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 38 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 37 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 36 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 35 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 34 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 33 );
+#endif
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 32 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 31 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 30 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 29 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 28 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 27 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 26 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 25 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 24 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 23 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 22 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 21 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 20 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 19 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 18 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 17 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 16 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 15 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 14 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 13 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 12 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 11 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST( 10 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  9 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  8 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  7 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  6 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  5 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  4 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  3 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  2 );
+    PRIVATE_LOW_BITS_TEST(  1 );
+
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/integer_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+//  boost integer.hpp test program  ------------------------------------------//
+
+//  Copyright Beman Dawes 1999.  
+//  Copyright Daryle Walker 2001.  
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2009.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org/libs/integer for documentation.
+
+//  Revision History
+//   04 Oct 01  Added tests for new templates; rewrote code (Daryle Walker)
+//   10 Mar 01  Boost Test Library now used for tests (Beman Dawes)
+//   31 Aug 99  Initial version
+
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>  // for main, BOOST_TEST
+#include <boost/integer.hpp>  // for boost::int_t, boost::uint_t
+#include <boost/type_traits/is_same.hpp>
+#include <boost/mpl/bool.hpp> // for mpl::true_ and false_
+
+#include <climits>   // for ULONG_MAX, LONG_MAX, LONG_MIN
+#include <iostream>  // for std::cout (std::endl indirectly)
+#include <typeinfo>  // for std::type_info
+
+#ifdef BOOST_MSVC
+#pragma warning(disable:4127) // conditional expression is constant
+#endif
+#if defined( BOOST_BORLANDC )
+# pragma option -w-8008 -w-8066 // condition is always true
+#endif
+
+//
+// Keep track of error count, so we can print out detailed
+// info only if we need it:
+//
+int last_error_count = 0;
+//
+// Helpers to print out the name of a type,
+// we use these as typeid(X).name() doesn't always
+// return a human readable string:
+//
+template <class T> const char* get_name_of_type(T){ return typeid(T).name(); }
+const char* get_name_of_type(signed char){ return "signed char"; }
+const char* get_name_of_type(unsigned char){ return "unsigned char"; }
+const char* get_name_of_type(short){ return "short"; }
+const char* get_name_of_type(unsigned short){ return "unsigned short"; }
+const char* get_name_of_type(int){ return "int"; }
+const char* get_name_of_type(unsigned int){ return "unsigned int"; }
+const char* get_name_of_type(long){ return "long"; }
+const char* get_name_of_type(unsigned long){ return "unsigned long"; }
+#ifdef BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+const char* get_name_of_type(boost::long_long_type){ return "boost::long_long_type"; }
+const char* get_name_of_type(boost::ulong_long_type){ return "boost::ulong_long_type"; }
+#endif
+
+template <int Bits>
+void do_test_exact(boost::mpl::true_ const&)
+{
+   // Test the ::exact member:
+   typedef typename boost::int_t<Bits>::exact int_exact;
+   typedef typename boost::uint_t<Bits>::exact uint_exact;
+   typedef typename boost::int_t<Bits>::least least_int;
+   typedef typename boost::uint_t<Bits>::least least_uint;
+
+   BOOST_TEST((boost::is_same<int_exact, least_int>::value));
+   BOOST_TEST((boost::is_same<uint_exact, least_uint>::value));
+}
+template <int Bits>
+void do_test_exact(boost::mpl::false_ const&)
+{
+   // Nothing to do, type does not have an ::extact member.
+}
+
+template <int Bits>
+void do_test_bits()
+{
+   //
+   // Recurse to next smallest number of bits:
+   //
+   do_test_bits<Bits - 1>();
+   //
+   // Test exact types if we have them:
+   //
+   do_test_exact<Bits>(
+      boost::mpl::bool_<
+      (sizeof(unsigned char) * CHAR_BIT == Bits)
+      || (sizeof(unsigned short) * CHAR_BIT == Bits)
+      || (sizeof(unsigned int) * CHAR_BIT == Bits)
+      || (sizeof(unsigned long) * CHAR_BIT == Bits)
+#ifdef BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+      || (sizeof(boost::ulong_long_type) * CHAR_BIT == Bits)
+#endif
+      >());
+   //
+   // We need to check all aspects of the members of int_t<Bits> and uint_t<Bits>:
+   //
+   typedef typename boost::int_t<Bits>::least least_int;
+   typedef typename boost::int_t<Bits>::least fast_int;
+   typedef typename boost::uint_t<Bits>::least least_uint;
+   typedef typename boost::uint_t<Bits>::fast fast_uint;
+
+   if(std::numeric_limits<least_int>::is_specialized)
+   {
+      BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<least_int>::digits + 1 >= Bits);
+   }
+   if(std::numeric_limits<least_uint>::is_specialized)
+   {
+      BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<least_uint>::digits >= Bits);
+   }
+   BOOST_TEST(sizeof(least_int) * CHAR_BIT >= Bits);
+   BOOST_TEST(sizeof(least_uint) * CHAR_BIT >= Bits);
+   BOOST_TEST(sizeof(fast_int) >= sizeof(least_int));
+   BOOST_TEST(sizeof(fast_uint) >= sizeof(least_uint));
+   //
+   // There should be no type smaller than least_* that also has enough bits:
+   //
+   if(!boost::is_same<signed char, least_int>::value)
+   {
+      BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<signed char>::digits < Bits);
+      if(!boost::is_same<short, least_int>::value)
+      {
+         BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<short>::digits < Bits);
+         if(!boost::is_same<int, least_int>::value)
+         {
+            BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<int>::digits < Bits);
+            if(!boost::is_same<long, least_int>::value)
+            {
+               BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<long>::digits < Bits);
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   }
+   // And again, but unsigned:
+   if(!boost::is_same<unsigned char, least_uint>::value)
+   {
+      BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<unsigned char>::digits < Bits);
+      if(!boost::is_same<unsigned short, least_uint>::value)
+      {
+         BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<unsigned short>::digits < Bits);
+         if(!boost::is_same<unsigned int, least_uint>::value)
+         {
+            BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::digits < Bits);
+            if(!boost::is_same<unsigned long, least_uint>::value)
+            {
+               BOOST_TEST(std::numeric_limits<unsigned long>::digits < Bits);
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   if(boost::detail::test_errors() != last_error_count)
+   {
+      last_error_count = boost::detail::test_errors();
+      std::cout << "Errors occurred while testing with bit count = " << Bits << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Type int_t<" << Bits << ">::least was " << get_name_of_type(least_int(0)) << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Type int_t<" << Bits << ">::fast was " << get_name_of_type(fast_int(0)) << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Type uint_t<" << Bits << ">::least was " << get_name_of_type(least_uint(0)) << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Type uint_t<" << Bits << ">::fast was " << get_name_of_type(fast_uint(0)) << std::endl;
+   }
+}
+template <>
+void do_test_bits<-1>()
+{
+   // Nothing to do here!!
+}
+
+template <class Traits, class Expected>
+void test_min_max_type(Expected val)
+{
+   typedef typename Traits::least least_type;
+   typedef typename Traits::fast  fast_type;
+   BOOST_TEST((boost::is_same<least_type, Expected>::value));
+   BOOST_TEST(sizeof(fast_type) >= sizeof(least_type));
+   BOOST_TEST((std::numeric_limits<least_type>::min)() <= val);
+   BOOST_TEST((std::numeric_limits<least_type>::max)() >= val);
+
+   if(boost::detail::test_errors() != last_error_count)
+   {
+      last_error_count = boost::detail::test_errors();
+      std::cout << "Traits type is: " << typeid(Traits).name() << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Least type is: " << get_name_of_type(least_type(0)) << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Fast type is: " << get_name_of_type(fast_type(0)) << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Expected type is: " << get_name_of_type(Expected(0)) << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "Required value is: " << val << std::endl;
+   }
+}
+
+// Test program
+int main(int, char*[])
+{
+   // Test int_t and unint_t first:
+   if(std::numeric_limits<boost::intmax_t>::is_specialized)
+      do_test_bits<std::numeric_limits<boost::uintmax_t>::digits>();
+   else
+      do_test_bits<std::numeric_limits<long>::digits>();
+
+   //
+   // Test min and max value types:
+   //
+   test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<SCHAR_MAX>, signed char>(SCHAR_MAX);
+   test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<SCHAR_MIN>, signed char>(SCHAR_MIN);
+   test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<UCHAR_MAX>, unsigned char>(UCHAR_MAX);
+#if(USHRT_MAX != UCHAR_MAX)
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<SCHAR_MAX+1>, short>(SCHAR_MAX+1);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<SCHAR_MIN-1>, short>(SCHAR_MIN-1);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<UCHAR_MAX+1>, unsigned short>(UCHAR_MAX+1);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<SHRT_MAX>, short>(SHRT_MAX);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<SHRT_MIN>, short>(SHRT_MIN);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<USHRT_MAX>, unsigned short>(USHRT_MAX);
+#endif
+#if(UINT_MAX != USHRT_MAX)
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<SHRT_MAX+1>, int>(SHRT_MAX+1);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<SHRT_MIN-1>, int>(SHRT_MIN-1);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<USHRT_MAX+1>, unsigned int>(USHRT_MAX+1);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<INT_MAX>, int>(INT_MAX);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<INT_MIN>, int>(INT_MIN);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<UINT_MAX>, unsigned int>(UINT_MAX);
+#endif
+#if(ULONG_MAX != UINT_MAX)
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<INT_MAX+1L>, long>(INT_MAX+1L);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<INT_MIN-1L>, long>(INT_MIN-1L);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<UINT_MAX+1uL>, unsigned long>(UINT_MAX+1uL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<LONG_MAX>, long>(LONG_MAX);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<LONG_MIN>, long>(LONG_MIN);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<ULONG_MAX>, unsigned long>(ULONG_MAX);
+#endif
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG) && (defined(ULLONG_MAX) && (ULLONG_MAX != ULONG_MAX))
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<LONG_MAX+1LL>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_MAX+1LL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<LONG_MIN-1LL>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_MIN-1LL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<ULONG_MAX+1uLL>, boost::ulong_long_type>(ULONG_MAX+1uLL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<LLONG_MAX>, boost::long_long_type>(LLONG_MAX);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<LLONG_MIN>, boost::long_long_type>(LLONG_MIN);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<ULLONG_MAX>, boost::ulong_long_type>(ULLONG_MAX);
+#endif
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG) && (defined(ULONG_LONG_MAX) && (ULONG_LONG_MAX != ULONG_MAX))
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<LONG_MAX+1LL>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_MAX+1LL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<LONG_MIN-1LL>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_MIN-1LL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<ULONG_MAX+1uLL>, boost::ulong_long_type>(ULONG_MAX+1uLL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<LONG_LONG_MAX>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_LONG_MAX);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<LONG_LONG_MIN>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_LONG_MIN);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<ULONG_LONG_MAX>, boost::ulong_long_type>(ULONG_LONG_MAX);
+#endif
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG) && (defined(ULONGLONG_MAX) && (ULONGLONG_MAX != ULONG_MAX))
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<LONG_MAX+1LL>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_MAX+1LL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<LONG_MIN-1LL>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_MIN-1LL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<ULONG_MAX+1uLL>, boost::ulong_long_type>(ULONG_MAX+1uLL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<LONGLONG_MAX>, boost::long_long_type>(LONGLONG_MAX);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<LONGLONG_MIN>, boost::long_long_type>(LONGLONG_MAX);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<ULONGLONG_MAX>, boost::ulong_long_type>(ULONGLONG_MAX);
+#endif
+#if defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG) && (defined(_ULLONG_MAX) && defined(_LLONG_MIN) && (_ULLONG_MAX != ULONG_MAX))
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<LONG_MAX+1LL>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_MAX+1LL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<LONG_MIN-1LL>, boost::long_long_type>(LONG_MIN-1LL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<ULONG_MAX+1uLL>, boost::ulong_long_type>(ULONG_MAX+1uLL);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_max_value_t<_LLONG_MAX>, boost::long_long_type>(_LLONG_MAX);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::int_min_value_t<_LLONG_MIN>, boost::long_long_type>(_LLONG_MIN);
+      test_min_max_type<boost::uint_value_t<_ULLONG_MAX>, boost::ulong_long_type>(_ULLONG_MAX);
+#endif // BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG
+#endif // BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T
+      return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/integer_traits_include_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2009.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer_traits.hpp> // must be the only #include!
+
+template <class T>
+void check_numeric_limits_derived(const std::numeric_limits<T>&){}
+
+template <class T>
+void check()
+{
+   typedef boost::integer_traits<T> traits;
+   check_numeric_limits_derived(traits());
+   bool b = traits::is_integral;
+   (void)b;
+   T v = traits::const_min + traits::const_max;
+   (void)v;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+   check<signed char>();
+   check<unsigned char>();
+   check<char>();
+   check<short>();
+   check<unsigned short>();
+   check<int>();
+   check<unsigned int>();
+   check<signed long>();
+   check<unsigned long>();
+#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T) && defined(BOOST_HAS_LONG_LONG)
+   check<boost::long_long_type>();
+   check<boost::ulong_long_type>();
+#endif
+}

test/integer_traits_test.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 /* boost integer_traits.hpp tests
  *
  * Copyright Jens Maurer 2000
- * Permission to use, copy, modify, sell, and distribute this software
- * is hereby granted without fee provided that the above copyright notice
- * appears in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this
- * permission notice appear in supporting documentation,
- *
- * Jens Maurer makes no representations about the suitability of this
- * software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or
- * implied warranty.
+ * Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+ * accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+ * https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
  *
  * $Id$
  *
@@ -22,8 +17,7 @@
 // use int64_t instead of long long for better portability
 #include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
 
-#define BOOST_INCLUDE_MAIN
-#include <boost/test/test_tools.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
 
 /*
  * General portability note:
@@ -35,27 +29,47 @@
  * Therefore, avoid explicit function template instantiations.
  */
 
+#if defined(BOOST_MSVC) && (BOOST_MSVC <= 1300)
+template<typename T> inline T make_char_numeric_for_streaming(T x) { return x; }
+namespace fix{
+inline int make_char_numeric_for_streaming(char c) { return c; }
+inline int make_char_numeric_for_streaming(signed char c) { return c; }
+inline int make_char_numeric_for_streaming(unsigned char c) { return c; }
+inline long long int make_char_numeric_for_streaming(wchar_t c) { return c; }
+}
+using namespace fix;
+#else
 template<typename T> inline T make_char_numeric_for_streaming(T x) { return x; }
 inline int make_char_numeric_for_streaming(char c) { return c; }
 inline int make_char_numeric_for_streaming(signed char c) { return c; }
 inline int make_char_numeric_for_streaming(unsigned char c) { return c; }
+inline long long int make_char_numeric_for_streaming(wchar_t c) { return c; }
+#endif
 
 template<class T>
 void runtest(const char * type, T)
 {
   typedef boost::integer_traits<T> traits;
   std::cout << "Checking " << type
-            << "; min is " << make_char_numeric_for_streaming(traits::min())
-            << ", max is " << make_char_numeric_for_streaming(traits::max())
+            << "; min is " << make_char_numeric_for_streaming((traits::min)())
+            << ", max is " << make_char_numeric_for_streaming((traits::max)())
             << std::endl;
   BOOST_TEST(traits::is_specialized);
+#if defined(BOOST_MSVC) && (BOOST_MSVC <= 1200)
+  // MSVC++ 6.0 issues a LNK1179 error (duplicate comdat) when the compiler
+  // generates different symbol names with a very long common prefix:
+  // the dummy "&& true" disambiguates between the symbols generated by this
+  // BOOST_TEST instantiation and the preceding one.
+  BOOST_TEST(traits::is_integer && true);
+#else
   BOOST_TEST(traits::is_integer);
-  BOOST_TEST(traits::is_integral);
-  BOOST_TEST(traits::const_min == traits::min());
-  BOOST_TEST(traits::const_max == traits::max());
+#endif
+  BOOST_TEST(traits::is_integral == true);
+  BOOST_TEST(traits::const_min == (traits::min)());
+  BOOST_TEST(traits::const_max == (traits::max)());
 }
 
-int test_main(int, char*[])
+int main(int, char*[])
 {
   runtest("bool", bool());
   runtest("char", char());
@@ -73,7 +87,7 @@ int test_main(int, char*[])
   runtest("long", long());
   typedef unsigned long unsigned_long;
   runtest("unsigned long", unsigned_long());
-#if !defined(BOOST_NO_INT64_T) && !defined(BOOST_MSVC) && !defined(__BORLANDC__) && !defined(__BEOS__)
+#ifndef BOOST_NO_INTEGRAL_INT64_T
   //
   // MS/Borland compilers can't support 64-bit member constants
   // BeOS doesn't have specialisations for long long in SGI's <limits> header.
@@ -84,6 +98,6 @@ int test_main(int, char*[])
 #endif
   // Some compilers don't pay attention to std:3.6.1/5 and issue a
   // warning here if "return 0;" is omitted.
-  return 0;
+  return boost::report_errors();
 }
 

test/mod_inverse_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ *  (C) Copyright Nick Thompson 2018.
+ *  Use, modification and distribution are subject to the
+ *  Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+ *  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+ */
+
+#include "multiprecision_config.hpp"
+
+#ifndef DISABLE_MP_TESTS
+#include <boost/integer/mod_inverse.hpp>
+#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
+#include <boost/optional/optional.hpp>
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>
+#include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
+#include <boost/integer/common_factor.hpp>
+
+using boost::multiprecision::int128_t;
+using boost::multiprecision::int256_t;
+using boost::integer::mod_inverse;
+using boost::integer::gcd;
+
+template<class Z>
+void test_mod_inverse()
+{
+    //Z max_arg = std::numeric_limits<Z>::max();
+    Z max_arg = 500;
+    for (Z modulus = 2; modulus < max_arg; ++modulus)
+    {
+        if (modulus % 1000 == 0)
+        {
+            std::cout << "Testing all inverses modulo " << modulus << std::endl;
+        }
+        for (Z a = 1; a < modulus; ++a)
+        {
+            Z gcdam = gcd(a, modulus);
+            Z inv_a = mod_inverse(a, modulus);
+            // Should fail if gcd(a, mod) != 1:
+            if (gcdam > 1)
+            {
+                BOOST_TEST(inv_a == 0);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                BOOST_TEST(inv_a > 0);
+                // Cast to a bigger type so the multiplication won't overflow.
+                int256_t a_inv = inv_a;
+                int256_t big_a = a;
+                int256_t m = modulus;
+                int256_t outta_be_one = (a_inv*big_a) % m;
+                BOOST_TEST_EQ(outta_be_one, 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+    test_mod_inverse<boost::int16_t>();
+    test_mod_inverse<boost::int32_t>();
+    test_mod_inverse<boost::int64_t>();
+    test_mod_inverse<int128_t>();
+
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}
+#else
+int main()
+{
+  return 0;
+}
+#endif

test/multiprecision_config.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2018, 2024 Andrey Semashev
+//
+// Use, modification, and distribution is subject to the Boost Software
+// License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+// https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#ifndef BOOST_INTEGER_TEST_MULTIPRECISION_CONFIG_HPP_INCLUDED_
+#define BOOST_INTEGER_TEST_MULTIPRECISION_CONFIG_HPP_INCLUDED_
+
+#include <boost/config.hpp>
+
+// Boost.Multiprecision requires a number of C++11 features, see boost/multiprecision/detail/check_cpp11_config.hpp.
+// Also, Boost.Multiprecision internally uses Boost.Math, which requires C++14 and a recent enough MSVC, see boost/math/tools/config.hpp.
+#if (BOOST_CXX_VERSION < 201402) || \
+    (defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER <= 1900))
+#define DISABLE_MP_TESTS
+#endif
+
+#endif // BOOST_INTEGER_TEST_MULTIPRECISION_CONFIG_HPP_INCLUDED_

test/static_log2_include_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2009.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer/static_log2.hpp> // must be the only #include!
+
+int main()
+{
+   boost::static_log2_argument_type arg = 0;
+   (void)arg;
+   boost::static_log2_result_type result = boost::static_log2<30>::value;
+   (void)result;
+}

test/static_log2_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+//  Boost static_log2.hpp test program  --------------------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Daryle Walker 2001.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
+
+//  Revision History
+//  01 Oct 2001  Initial version (Daryle Walker)
+
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>  // for main
+
+#include <boost/cstdlib.hpp>              // for boost::exit_success
+#include <boost/integer/static_log2.hpp>  // for boost::static_log2
+
+#include <iostream>  // for std::cout (std::endl indirectly)
+
+
+// Macros to compact code
+#define PRIVATE_LB_TEST( v, e )  BOOST_TEST( ::boost::static_log2<v>::value == e )
+
+#define PRIVATE_PRINT_LB( v )    ::std::cout << "boost::static_log2<" << (v) \
+ << "> = " << ::boost::static_log2< (v) >::value << '.' << ::std::endl
+
+// Control to check for a compile-time error
+#ifndef CONTROL_LB_0_TEST
+#define PRIVATE_LB_0_TEST
+#else
+#define PRIVATE_LB_0_TEST  PRIVATE_PRINT_LB( 0 )
+#endif
+
+
+// Main testing function
+int
+main
+(
+    int         ,   // "argc" is unused
+    char *      []  // "argv" is unused
+)
+{    
+    std::cout << "Doing tests on static_log2." << std::endl;
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_0_TEST;
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 1, 0 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 2, 1 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 3, 1 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 4, 2 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 5, 2 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 6, 2 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 7, 2 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST(  8, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST(  9, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 10, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 11, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 12, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 13, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 14, 3 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 15, 3 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 16, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 17, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 18, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 19, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 20, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 21, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 22, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 23, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 24, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 25, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 26, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 27, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 28, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 29, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 30, 4 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 31, 4 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 32, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 33, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 34, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 35, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 36, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 37, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 38, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 39, 5 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 40, 5 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 63, 5 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 64, 6 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 65, 6 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 127, 6 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 128, 7 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 129, 7 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 255, 7 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 256, 8 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 257, 8 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 511, 8 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 512, 9 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 513, 9 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 1023, 9 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 1024, 10 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 1025, 10 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 2047, 10 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 2048, 11 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 2049, 11 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 4095, 11 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 4096, 12 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 4097, 12 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 8191, 12 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 8192, 13 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 8193, 13 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 16383, 13 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 16384, 14 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 16385, 14 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 32767, 14 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 32768, 15 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 32769, 15 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 65535, 15 );
+
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 65536, 16 );
+    PRIVATE_LB_TEST( 65537, 16 );
+
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}

test/static_min_max_include_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+//  Copyright John Maddock 2009.  
+//  Distributed under the Boost
+//  Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
+//  LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#include <boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp> // must be the only #include!
+
+int main()
+{
+   boost::static_min_max_signed_type m = boost::static_signed_min<2, 3>::value + boost::static_signed_max<2, 3>::value;
+   (void)m;
+   boost::static_min_max_unsigned_type u = boost::static_unsigned_min<2, 3>::value + boost::static_unsigned_max<2, 3>::value;
+   (void)u;
+}

test/static_min_max_test.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+//  Boost static_min_max.hpp test program  -----------------------------------//
+
+//  (C) Copyright Daryle Walker 2001.
+//  Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See
+//  accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
+//  https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+//  See https://www.boost.org for most recent version including documentation.
+
+//  Revision History
+//  23 Sep 2001  Initial version (Daryle Walker)
+
+#include <boost/core/lightweight_test.hpp>  // for main, BOOST_TEST
+
+#include <boost/cstdlib.hpp>                 // for boost::exit_success
+#include <boost/integer/static_min_max.hpp>  // for boost::static_signed_min, etc.
+
+#include <iostream>  // for std::cout (std::endl indirectly)
+
+
+// Main testing function
+int
+main
+(
+    int         ,   // "argc" is unused
+    char *      []  // "argv" is unused
+)
+{    
+    using std::cout;
+    using std::endl;
+    using boost::static_signed_min;
+    using boost::static_signed_max;
+    using boost::static_unsigned_min;
+    using boost::static_unsigned_max;
+
+    // Two positives
+    cout << "Doing tests with two positive values." << endl;
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min< 9, 14>::value) ==  9 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max< 9, 14>::value) == 14 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min<14,  9>::value) ==  9 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max<14,  9>::value) == 14 );
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_min< 9, 14>::value) ==  9 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_max< 9, 14>::value) == 14 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_min<14,  9>::value) ==  9 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_max<14,  9>::value) == 14 );
+
+    // Two negatives
+    cout << "Doing tests with two negative values." << endl;
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min<  -8, -101>::value) == -101 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max<  -8, -101>::value) ==   -8 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min<-101,   -8>::value) == -101 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max<-101,   -8>::value) ==   -8 );
+
+    // With zero
+    cout << "Doing tests with zero and a positive or negative value." << endl;
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min< 0, 14>::value) ==  0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max< 0, 14>::value) == 14 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min<14,  0>::value) ==  0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max<14,  0>::value) == 14 );
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_min< 0, 14>::value) ==  0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_max< 0, 14>::value) == 14 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_min<14,  0>::value) ==  0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_max<14,  0>::value) == 14 );
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min<   0, -101>::value) == -101 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max<   0, -101>::value) ==    0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min<-101,    0>::value) == -101 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max<-101,    0>::value) ==    0 );
+
+    // With identical
+    cout << "Doing tests with two identical values." << endl;
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min<0, 0>::value) == 0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max<0, 0>::value) == 0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_min<0, 0>::value) == 0 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_max<0, 0>::value) == 0 );
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min<14, 14>::value) == 14 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max<14, 14>::value) == 14 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_min<14, 14>::value) == 14 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_unsigned_max<14, 14>::value) == 14 );
+
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_min< -101, -101>::value) == -101 );
+    BOOST_TEST( (static_signed_max< -101, -101>::value) == -101 );
+
+    return boost::report_errors();
+}